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Measuring Rural Access: Using New Technologies MEASURING RURAL ACCESS: USING NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW USING ACCESS: RURAL MEASURING WORLD BANK GROUP BANK WORLD Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Measuring Rural Access Using newtechnologies MEASURING RURAL ACCESS: USING NEW TECHNOLOGIES © 2016 Transport & ICT Global Practice The World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Internet: http://www.worldbank.org/transport, http://www.worldbank.org/ict Standard Disclaimer This volume is a product of staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judg- ment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution Please cite the work as follows: Transport & ICT. 2016. Measuring Rural Access: Using New Technologies. Washington DC: World Bank, License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 Translations If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by the Transport & ICT unit or by the World Bank Group and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. Transport & ICT and the World Bank Group shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. Copyright Statement The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank encour- ages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-750-4470, http://www.copyright.com/. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations ...........................................................................................................................................................v Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................................vii Executive Summary ...........................................................................................................................................................ix I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................1 II. Objective and Main Principles ..................................................................................................................................5 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................................................5 Sustainability ........................................................................................................................................................................................5 Consistency ...........................................................................................................................................................................................6 Simplicity ...............................................................................................................................................................................................6 Operational Relevance ......................................................................................................................................................................6 III. Proposed Methodology ...........................................................................................................................................11 Overall Framework ...........................................................................................................................................................................11 Data Requirement 1: Population Distribution Data .............................................................................................................14 Rural-Urban Definition ....................................................................................................................................................................17 Data Requirement 2: Road Network Data ................................................................................................................................19 Data Requirement 3: Road Condition Data .............................................................................................................................22 Technical Definition of Roads in Good Condition .................................................................................................................25 VI. Main Results from the Eight Pilot Countries .........................................................................................................33 V. Discussion ...................................................................................................................................................................37 Robustness ..........................................................................................................................................................................................37 Consistency with Other Road Sector Measurements ..........................................................................................................39 Relevance to Broader Development Objectives ....................................................................................................................42 Universal Access, Financial Needs, and Prioritization ..........................................................................................................46 Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation .......................................................................................................................................50 VI. Moving Forward .........................................................................................................................................................53 Scaling Up ............................................................................................................................................................................................53 New Technologies ............................................................................................................................................................................53 Platform and Open Data ................................................................................................................................................................53 Partnership with Client Governments .......................................................................................................................................54 VII. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................................55 iii iv Measuring Rural Access: Using New Technologies Annexes Annex I. Quick Reference: How to Compute the Rural Access Index ...................................................................57 Overview ..............................................................................................................................................................................................57 Compute the Total Rural Population..........................................................................................................................................57 Compute the Rural Population That Has Access to the Good Road Network .............................................................58 Annex II. Comparison of Global Population Distribution Data .............................................................................59 Overview ..............................................................................................................................................................................................59 WorldPop .............................................................................................................................................................................................59 Gridded Population of the World ................................................................................................................................................60 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project and United Nations Environment Programme.............................................61
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