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ENGINEERING REPORT MXF Timecode Study Group

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ENGINEERING REPORT MXF Timecode Study Group ENGINEERING REPORT MXF Timecode Study SINCE 1916 Group Report SMPTE ER-1:2017 Corrected 14 November 2017 Copyright © 2017 by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ®, Inc. (SMPTE ®) - All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, with the express written permission of the publisher. SMPTE ER-1:2017 Engineering Report MXF Timecode Study Group Report Contents Glossary – abridged .................................................................................................................................... 3 1 Introduction & Background .................................................................................................................. 4 2 Applications storing MXF Timecode ................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Storing a single continuous Master Timecode ........................................................................... 6 2.1.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-2.1 .......................................................... 6 2.2 Storing Historical Continuous Timecode as metadata ............................................................... 6 2.2.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-2.2 .......................................................... 6 2.3 Storing Historical Discontinuous Timecode as metadata .......................................................... 6 2.3.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-2.3 .......................................................... 7 2.4 Storing per-frame Timecode values ........................................................................................... 7 2.4.1 What is a per-frame MXF Timecode? .......................................................................................... 7 2.4.2 What is a continuous per-frame MXF Timecode? ....................................................................... 7 2.4.3 Mechanisms ................................................................................................................................ 8 2.4.4 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-2.4 .......................................................... 9 2.5 Labeling per-frame Timecode Streams...................................................................................... 9 2.5.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-2.5 .......................................................... 9 2.6 Storing Timecode Streams in MXF files without Picture Essence ............................................. 9 2.6.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-2.6 ........................................................ 10 3 Applications accessing MXF Timecode ............................................................................................ 10 3.1 Accessing a single continuous “master” Timecode ................................................................. 10 3.1.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-3.1 ........................................................ 10 3.2 Accessing historical continuous Timecode as metadata ......................................................... 10 3.2.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-3.2 ........................................................ 10 3.3 Accessing Historical Discontinuous Timecode as metadata ................................................... 10 3.3.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-3.3 ........................................................ 10 3.4 Accessing discontinuous Timecode value ............................................................................... 11 3.4.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-3.4 ........................................................ 11 3.5 Accessing Timecode Streams in MXF files without Picture Essence ...................................... 11 3.5.1 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-3.5 ........................................................ 11 3.6 Miscellaneous Use Cases of Timecode in MXF ...................................................................... 11 3.6.1 Timecode at non-video rates ..................................................................................................... 11 Copyright © 2017 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 445 Hamilton Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved 2017-05-23 SMPTE ER-1:2017 3.6.2 Possible area of future Recommendation for MXF-TC-3.6.1 ..................................................... 12 4 Future work on Timecode in MXF...................................................................................................... 12 Annex A An example Timecode Precedence table ............................................................................. 13 A.1 Areas where Recommendations could be created .................................................................. 13 Annex B Full Glossary ........................................................................................................................... 14 Annex C Excerpt from AMWA AS07 on archiving .............................................................................. 15 C.1 AS07 #6.4 Timecode ............................................................................................................... 15 C.1.1 AS07 #6.4.1 Timecode Categories (informative) ...................................................................... 15 C.1.2 AS07 #6.4.2 Timecode Sources (informative) .......................................................................... 15 C.1.3 AS07 #6.4.4 Master Timecode ................................................................................................. 16 C.1.4 AS07 #6.4.5 Historical Source Timecode .................................................................................. 18 C.1.5 AS07 #6.4.7 Regard to Timecode ............................................................................................. 19 Foreword SMPTE®, the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers® is an internationally-recognized standards developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has members in more than 80 countries, on six continents. SMPTE’s Engineering Documents, including Standards, Recommended Practices, and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTE’s Technology Committees. Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU. SMPTE Engineering Documents and Engineering Reports are drafted in accordance with the rules given in its Standards Operations Manual. This SMPTE Engineering Report was prepared by Technology Committee 31FS. Page 2 of 20 SMPTE ER-1:2017 Glossary – abridged. Full glossary later in this SG report. Timecode value A value that is decoded, read, calculated or evaluated to a legal SMPTE ST12-1 Timecode code word. Timecode stream A set of Timecode values that are stored or calculated such that more than one related Timecode Value exists in a file Timecode location The stored location where Timecode values are found for a given stream e.g. SMPTE ST 331 Continuous Timecode A Timecode stream where a Timecode value exists for every frame and all Timecode values must follow SMPTE ST12-1 counting rules Discontinuous Timecode A Timecode stream that is not continuous Master Timecode Master Timecode is continuous and is the primary, canonical representation of references into the essence for all Timecode-dependent activities. There is only one Master Timecode Historical Source Timecode The collective phrase for all non-Master Timecodes in a file Sparse Timecode stream A Timecode stream where values might be missing (e.g. MPEG GOP). A sparse Timecode stream might be continuous or discontinuous. If it is continuous, it must always be labeled as sparse. Consistent Timecode A file with multiple Timecode streams where every stream labeled with “shall” in the “clean” column of Table 1 in this document contains the same Timecode value within each frame. Timecode cleaning The process of modifying a file to create consistent Timecode. MXF-TC-N.M An application in this document specified in section N.M must statement reflecting a “shall” in a current or future specification would statement reflecting a “should” in a current or future specification might statement reflecting a “may” in a current or future specification Page 3 of 20 SMPTE ER-1:2017 1 Introduction & Background MXF was developed as a versatile professional wrapping format to describe existing media encapsulation practices as well as providing facilities for new applications. As a result of this evolution, there are many places where MXF is able to store Timecode values. This is summarized in the picture below: H I Body Body Body TC modulated in VBI (e.g. ST TC in video essence (e.g. MP2) TC in video wrapper (e.g. GOP) MXF TC in audio essence (e.g. AES) OP1a TC TC TC TC TC TC TC mp2 4.wav.8 TC in MP XDCAM Lead continuous TC ►-SourcePackage---►-TCTrack-►-TCSequence-►-TCComponent TC in SP metadata | Master continuous TC ►-TCTrack-►-TCSequence-►-TCComponent TC in SP | Historical continuous TC ►- DateTimeDescriptor-►-ST405TCindex TC link to essence bytes MXF can store Timecode values as Metadata in the headers as well as capturing Timecode values from media streams and storing them in a file. The HANC, VANC
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