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Evolutionary History of Stomach Bot Flies in the Light of Mitogenomics
Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics Yan, Liping; Pape, Thomas; Elgar, Mark A.; Gao, Yunyun; Zhang, Dong Published in: Systematic Entomology DOI: 10.1111/syen.12356 Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Yan, L., Pape, T., Elgar, M. A., Gao, Y., & Zhang, D. (2019). Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics. Systematic Entomology, 44(4), 797-809. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12356 Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 Systematic Entomology (2019), 44, 797–809 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12356 Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics LIPING YAN1, THOMAS PAPE2 , MARK A. ELGAR3, YUNYUN GAO1 andDONG ZHANG1 1School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China, 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark and 3School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Abstract. Stomach bot flies (Calyptratae: Oestridae, Gasterophilinae) are obligate endoparasitoids of Proboscidea (i.e. elephants), Rhinocerotidae (i.e. rhinos) and Equidae (i.e. horses and zebras, etc.), with their larvae developing in the digestive tract of hosts with very strong host specificity. They represent an extremely unusual diver- sity among dipteran, or even insect parasites in general, and therefore provide sig- nificant insights into the evolution of parasitism. The phylogeny of stomach botflies was reconstructed -
Frecker's Saddlery
Frecker’s Saddlery Frecker’s 13654 N 115 E Idaho Falls, Idaho 83401 addlery (208) 538-7393 S [email protected] Kent and Dave’s Price List SADDLES FULL TOOLED Base Price 3850.00 5X 2100.00 Padded Seat 350.00 7X 3800.00 Swelled Forks 100.00 9X 5000.00 Crupper Ring 30.00 Dyed Background add 40% to tooling cost Breeching Rings 20.00 Rawhide Braided Hobble Ring 60.00 PARTIAL TOOLED Leather Braided Hobble Ring 50.00 3 Panel 600.00 5 Panel 950.00 7 Panel 1600.00 STIRRUPS Galvanized Plain 75.00 PARTIAL TOOLED/BASKET Heavy Monel Plain 175.00 3 Panel 500.00 Heavy Brass Plain 185.00 5 Panel 700.00 Leather Lined add 55.00 7 Panel 800.00 Heel Blocks add 15.00 Plain Half Cap add 75.00 FULL BASKET STAMP Stamped Half Cap add 95.00 #7 Stamp 1850.00 Tooled Half Cap add 165.00 #12 Stamp 1200.00 Bulldog Tapadero Plain 290.00 Bulldog Tapadero Stamped 350.00 PARTIAL BASKET STAMP Bulldog Tapadero Tooled 550.00 3 Panel #7 550.00 Parade Tapadero Plain 450.00 5 Panel #7 700.00 Parade Tapadero Stamped (outside) 500.00 7 Panel #7 950.00 Parade Tapadero Tooled (outside) 950.00 3 Panel #12 300.00 Eagle Beak Tapaderos Tooled (outside) 1300.00 5 Panel #12 350.00 7 Panel #12 550.00 BREAST COLLARS FULL BASKET/TOOLED Brannaman Martingale Plain 125.00 #7 Basket/Floral Pattern 2300.00 Brannaman Martingale Stamped 155.00 #12 Basket/Floral 1500.00 Brannaman Martingale Basket/Tooled 195.00 Brannaman Martingale Tooled 325.00 BORDER STAMPS 3 Piece Martingale Plain 135.00 Bead 150.00 3 Piece Martingale Stamped 160.00 ½” Wide 250.00 3 Piece Martingale Basket/Tooled 265.00 -
Pest Management News
Pest Management News Dr. John D. Hopkins, Associate Professor and Extension Entomologist – Coeditor Dr. Kelly M. Loftin, Professor and Extension Entomologist – Coeditor Contributors Dr. Becky McPeake, Professor and Wildlife Extension Specialist Sherrie E. Smith, Plant Pathology Instructor, Plant Health Clinic Diagnostician Letter #6 October 31, 2017 ________________________________________________________________________________ Stopping Occasional Arthropod Invaders John D. Hopkins When the weather begins to change in the fall and things get cooler, arthropod pests like the multi-colored Asian lady beetle, the boxelder bug, crickets, various stinkbugs, or spiders are just some of the pest problems that homeowners may have to deal with. The first thing most people think of when trying to prevent a pest problem is WHAT INSECTICIDE DO I SPRAY? However, there are other measures that should be taken that will help prevent these pests from entering your home and may even eliminate the need for an insecticide application. Pest proofing your home is the BEST way to prevent unwanted invaders at this time or any other time of year. Your goal is to prevent pest entry and eliminate conditions that are conducive to pest infestation. Here are the ABC’s of pest proofing your home: A. Ensure that screens on doors and windows are properly installed and maintained. If you don't have screen doors on your home, install them. Any damaged screens should be repaired or replaced. Fine mesh screening will prevent all but the tiniest insects from entering your home. B. Doors should seal properly. If air can pass through or light can be seen through cracks around doors then insects or spiders can get in. -
GLC Inc.’S No Frills Live Specialty Show - No Frills/Plastic Collectibility Saturday, October 19, 2019
Oct 2019 GLC Inc.’s No Frills Live Specialty Show - No Frills/Plastic Collectibility Saturday, October 19, 2019 *All Divisions will run the same as the regular No Frills Series except the Original Finish Division. The OF will be judged for both breed and collectibilty at the same time, by separate judges. See Separate Registration Packets for our Shows: No Frills - Saturday, February 16 and Saturday, March 16, 2019 No Frills/Custom/Workmanship – Saturday, April 27, 2019 No Frills/China Collectibility – Saturday, August 24, 2019 No Frills -- and December 7, 2019 (Holiday Party) Purpose: GLC Inc. presents this educational series in order to promote and encourage interest in the study of horses and the hobby of model horses, and to provide opportunities to individuals for the purpose of improving or developing model horse judging skills. We welcome new faces and all skill levels. Please join us! All shows: CAFETERIA Huntley Park District, 12015 Mill Street, Huntley, IL Times: Show hall opens at 7:15am; judging starts at 8am. Hall closes at 4 p.m. Entry Information: 1. Entry fee for each show is $65 ($50 for GLC members). Proxy horses may be shown at $3 per horse per class, up to ten (10) horses; beyond that the proxy entrant will pay the regular $65 entry fee. There is no proxy discount for GLC members. Sales tables are available, space permitting, for $65 each table ($50 for GLC members). 2. Hall space is limited. Entries will NOT be reserved without payment AND a completed entry form (see attached) for this series. -
Ravalli County 4-H Horse Project Guidelines
4-H PLEDGE I Pledge my HEAD to clearer thinking, My HEART to greater loyalty, My HANDS to larger service, And my HEALTH to better living, RAVALLI COUNTY 4-H For my club, my community, my country and my world. HORSE PROJECT GUIDELINES 2017-2018 The guidelines may be amended by the Ravalli County 4-H Horse Committee each year between October 1st and January 30th. No changes will be made from February 1st through September 30th. If any member or leader wants to request an exception to any rule in the guidelines, they must request a hearing with the Ravalli County 4-H Horse Committee. Updated December 2017 Table of Contents RAVALLI COUNTY 4-H HORSE COMMITTEE CONSTITUTION ............................................................................................................................. 3 ARTICLE I - Name ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 ARTICLE II - Purpose ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 ARTICLE III - Membership ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ARTICLE IV - Meetings .................................................................................................................................................................................... -
I . the Color Gene C
THE ABC OF COLOR INHERITANCE IN HORSES W. E. CASTLE Division of Genetics, University of California, Berkeley, California Received October, 27, 1947 HE study of color inheritance in horses was begun in the early days of Tgenetics. Indeed many facts concerning it had already been established earlier, by DARWINin his book on “Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication.” At irregular inteivals since then, new attempts have been made to collect and classify in terms of genetic factors the records contained in stud books concerning the colors of colts in relation to the colors of their sires and dams. A full bibliography is given by CREWand BuCHANAN-SMITH (19301. By such studies, we have acquired very full information as to what color a colt may be expected to have, when the color of its parents and grandparents is known. This knowledge is empirical rather than experimental in nature. For horses being slow breeding and expensive are rarely available for direct experi- mental study, such as can be made with the small laboratory mammals, mice, rats, rabbits and guinea pigs. We have definite information that color inheritance in horses involves the existence of mutant genes similar to those demonstrated by experimental studies to be involved in color inheritance of other mammals. But the horse genes have been given special names, as they were successively discovered, and it is difficult at present to correlate them with the better known names and geneic symbols used by the experimental breeders. The present paper is an attempt to make such a correlation. Just as in morphological studies comparative anatomy was found useful and still is used to establish homologies between systems of organs, so in mammalian genetics, a comparative study of gene action in the production of coat colors and color patterns may also be of value. -
Genetic Diversity and Origin of the Feral Horses in Theodore Roosevelt National Park
RESEARCH ARTICLE Genetic diversity and origin of the feral horses in Theodore Roosevelt National Park Igor V. Ovchinnikov1,2*, Taryn Dahms1, Billie Herauf1, Blake McCann3, Rytis Juras4, Caitlin Castaneda4, E. Gus Cothran4 1 Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America, 2 Forensic Science Program, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America, 3 Resource Management, Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Medora, North Dakota, United States of America, 4 Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bioscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Feral horses in Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP) represent an iconic era of the North Dakota Badlands. Their uncertain history raises management questions regarding ori- OPEN ACCESS gins, genetic diversity, and long-term genetic viability. Hair samples with follicles were col- lected from 196 horses in the Park and used to sequence the control region of mitochondrial Citation: Ovchinnikov IV, Dahms T, Herauf B, McCann B, Juras R, Castaneda C, et al. (2018) DNA (mtDNA) and to profile 12 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Three Genetic diversity and origin of the feral horses in mtDNA haplotypes found in the TRNP horses belonged to haplogroups L and B. The control Theodore Roosevelt National Park. PLoS ONE 13 region variation was low with haplotype diversity of 0.5271, nucleotide diversity of 0.0077 (8): e0200795. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. and mean pairwise difference of 2.93. We sequenced one mitochondrial genome from each pone.0200795 haplotype determined by the control region. -
Attachment 3: Questions and Answers (For the Public and Media) Q. What Is the Official Name for This Gather? A. 2020 Fish Creek
Attachment 3: Questions and Answers (for the Public and Media) Q. What is the official name for this gather? A. 2020 Fish Creek HMA Wild Horse Gather (FY 2021) Q. Why is this gather necessary? A. The helicopter gather is necessary to prevent undue or unnecessary degradation of the public lands associated with excess wild horses, and to restore a thriving natural ecological balance and multiple-use relationship on public lands, consistent with the provisions of Section 1333(b) of the 1971 Wild Free- Roaming Horses and Burros Act. The primary issue in this HMA is limited water, especially in relation to the population in excess of the established AML. The Mount Lewis Field Office has been hauling water and/or operating a well and a pipeline since 2012 to avert emergencies until a gather could occur. Despite hauling water for horses in the northern end of the HMA during the summer and fall of 2020, several horses are known to have died and others have been observed in poor body condition. This gather is also in line with the ten-year plan approved in the Decision for the Fish Creek HMA Gather Plan Environmental Assessment (DOI-BLM-NV-B010-2015-0011-EA) signed February 9, 2015, which provided for future gathers to achieve and maintain the established AML in this HMA. Reducing the excess wild horses in the Fish Creek HMA will protect the health of the horses and the habitat in the HMA while providing opportunities for other wildlife, such as pronghorn antelope and Elk, to have a thriving ecosystem. -
Champion Maker
MAKER CHAMPION The Toyota Blue Grass Stakes has shaped the careers of many notable Thoroughbreds 48 SPRING 2016 K KEENELAND.COM Below, the field breaks for the 2015 Toyota Blue Grass Stakes; bottom, Street Sense (center) loses a close 2007 running. MAKER Caption for photo goes here CHAMPION KEENELAND.COM K SPRING 2016 49 RICK SAMUELS (BREAK), ANNE M. EBERHARDT CHAMPION MAKER 1979 TOBY MILT Spectacular Bid dominated in the 1979 Blue Grass Stakes before taking the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes. By Jennie Rees arl Nafzger’s short list of races he most send the Keeneland yearling sales into the stratosphere. But to passionately wanted to win during his Hall show the depth of the Blue Grass, consider the dozen 3-year- of Fame training career included Keeneland’s olds that lost the Blue Grass before wearing the roses: Nafzger’s Toyota Blue Grass Stakes. two champions are joined by the likes of 1941 Triple Crown C winner Whirlaway and former record-money earner Alysheba Instead, with his active trainer days winding down, he has had to (disqualified from first to third in the 1987 Blue Grass). settle for a pair of Kentucky Derby victories launched by the Toyota Then there are the Blue Grass winners that were tripped Blue Grass. Three weeks before they entrenched their names in his- up in the Derby for their legendary owners but are ensconced tory at Churchill Downs, Unbridled finished third in the 1990 Derby in racing lore and as stallions, including Calumet Farm’s Bull prep race, and in 2007 Street Sense lost it by a nose. -
Cob Or Chimera?
Cob or Chimera? UK Expat Sarah Redstone Lee explains why she believes the Cob Normand to be the most versatile cob of them all nce we had decided to take the The origins of the Normandy Cob can be To this day, the Chateau of Versailles is still plunge, sell up, pack up and traced back to Great Britain, the first ‘Norman’ surrounded by carriage driving Normandy make the move to Normandy; horse, to arrive on our shores was during the Cobs in homage to his passion for the breed. code named Operation transportation of a herd of around 2- 3,000, in The National Stud and home of the Overseas ( as but a small preparations for the battle of Hastings of 1066. Normandy Cob was founded by Napoléon in homage to operation Overlord in Normandy, Much of the success of the invasion depended 1806. By 1840, some of the cobs were crossed Owhich formed part of the D-Day landings), it on the horses that were bred for the endurance with King Henry the VIII’s favourite breed, was not long before my husband and I were required in order to carry the weight of the now extinct Norfolk trotter. This further enjoying la belle vie Francaise. We have been armoured suits, weapons and chain mail, yet the enhanced the look of elegance combined here for almost 10 years now, and, aside from superior among them also possessed great speed. with speed. The standard was set and the benefitting from the usual attractions that The Normans, are even to this day well Normandy Cob was then divided in to two France has to offer, that needs no form of known for their breeding of the Percheron groups; heavier horses for work, and lighter introduction, I have been very privileged to and the French Trotter. -
Pocket Packing Guide You Will Find the Following Information
ABOUT LLAMAS Llamas Colorado LLC Llamas are superior pack animals. They are quiet, courteous, curious, intelligent, strong and agile. POCKET Llamas have soft pads on the bottom of their foot like a dog. This PACKING is optimal in helping to reduce environ- mental impact. They have two toes that GUIDE operate independ- ently, which makes This little guidebook should serve as a quick them very surefooted and easy to pack on reference - just in case you can't remember rough terrain. They are also very clean. every detail learned at orientation. They tend to go to the bathroom in the same spots if they John & Devin have been there before. We are so pleased that you have chosen us to help make your trip enjoyable, stress-free, and environmentally harmonious. We want you to enjoy our llamas as much as we do, and that involves knowing how to handle them on and off the trail. In this Pocket Packing Guide you will find the following information: Introduction . .1 About Llamas . .3 Preparing for your pack trip . .6 General Handling . .6 Loading the Panniers . .7 At the Trailhead . .7 Saddling . .8 On the Trail . .10 Trail Circumstances . .12 Meetings on the Trail . .14 Difficulties on the Trail . .14 Camp Time . .16 Llama on the Loose . .18 First Aid Kit for Llamas . .19 Do's & Don'ts quick reference list . .19 Knots . 21 Frequently asked questions . 23 Hello! Welcome Many thanks to Al & Sonora Ellis, Cindy Campbell, Elisabeth Myers, MJ Myers, Denise Newberry, and Katy to Thach for help with this booklet. -
Rulebook21.Pdf
APPALOOSA A HORSE FOR ALL REASONS 2 0 2 Share your reasons with us at [email protected] 1 RIDE WITH US into the NEW DECADE ApHC DIRECTORY The Appaloosa Horse Club is on Pacific Time, three hours behind New York, two hours behind Texas, one hour behind Colorado, in the same time zone as California. Business hours are 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday. Administration Member Services Executive Secretary— Membership information ext. 500 Lynette Thompson ext. 249 [email protected] [email protected] Administrative Assistant— Museum [email protected] www. appaloosamuseum.org [email protected] Director— Crystal White ext. 279 Accounting [email protected] Treasurer— Keith Ranisate ext. 234 Racing Coordinator— Keri Minden-LeForce ext. 248 Appaloosa Journal [email protected] [email protected] Editor— Registration Dana Russell ext. 237 General information ext. 300 [email protected] Registry Services— Advertising Director— [email protected] Hannah Cassara ext. 256 [email protected] Performance General Information ext. 400 Art/Production Director— Barbara Lawrie Performance Department Supervisor— [email protected] Keri Minden-LeForce ext. 248 [email protected] Graphic Designer & Circulation Manager— Judge Coordinator and Show Secretary— Jonathan Gradin ext. 258 Debra Schnitzmeier ext. 244 (circulation & subscriptions, address [email protected] changes, missing & damaged issues, Appaloosa Journal Online) [email protected] [email protected] Show Results/Show Approvals— [email protected] Deb Swenson ext. 265 [email protected] Information Technnology ACAAP— Information Technology Supervisor— Amber Alsterlund ext. 264 Dave O’ Keefe ext. 251 [email protected] [email protected] Trail & Distance Coordinator— [email protected] ext. 221 Marketing Marketing/Public Relations Director— Youth Programs Hannah Cassara ext.