22521 6/28/05 12:41 AM Page C1 RIVERBANKsRIVERBANKs July-AugustJuly-August 20052005 22521 6/28/05 1:06 PM Page C2

Contents

Volume XXIV, Number 4 Riverbanks is published six times a year for The Observation Deck 1 members of Riverbanks Society by Riverbanks Zoological Park and Botanical Standing Tall With Living Lookout Towers 3 Garden, Columbia, SC Plan Your Visit 6 In The Know 8 Riverbanks Park Commission J. Carroll Shealy, Chairman Chili Pepper Festival 9 Ella Bouknight ZooTeens: A Community Partnership 10 Claudine Gee Cantey Heath, Sr. Can You Draw a Frog? 12 Lloyd Liles James E. Smith Education Adventures 14 Tracey Waring Robert P. Wilkins Delight In The Garden 16 Lawrence W. Johnson, Dedicating A Tiger’s Eye View 17 Chairman Emeritus Who Ya Calling Crabby? 18 Riverbanks Society Board of Directors Thank You For Making A Difference 20 H. Perry Shuping, President Fall Bulb Sale 26 Jeremy G. Wilson, Vice-President Sharon Jenkins, Secretary Jan Stamps, Treasurer Stephen K. Benjamin, Esq. Joseph R. Blanchard Mike Brenan David J. Charpia Donna Croom Robert G. Davidson William H. Davidson II Thomas N. Fortson Mary Howard Mark D. Locke, MD, FAAP Richard N. McIntyre Dorothy G. Owen C.C. Rone, Jr. Philip Steude, MD 26 James S. Welch Roslyn Young 10 Don F. Barton, Director Emeritus

Riverbanks Senior Staff Satch Krantz Executive Director Kim M. Benson Riverbanks Magazine Director of Human Resources Dixie Kaye Allan George R. Davis Executive Editor/Art Director Director of Finance Monique Jacobs Ed Diebold Editor Director of Animal Collections Ashley Walker Kevin Eubanks Graphic Artist Director of Guest Services 18 Chris Gentile Larry Cameron Director of Conservation Education Photographer Eric Helms Director of Facilities Management Melodie Scott-Leach Subscriptions to Riverbanks are $24 per year. Members of Riverbanks Director of Horticulture Society are entitled to one free subscription along with free admission and Tommy Stringfellow guest passes, discounts at Zoo & Garden gift shops, invitations to special Director of Marketing events and much more. To subscribe to Riverbanks or to join the Society, Keith Benson, DVM call 803.779.8717 x1111 or x1239. Senior Veterinarian Riverbanks Zoological Park and Botanical Garden is accredited by the Andy Cabe American Zoo and Aquarium Association and the American Association Curator of Horticulture of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta. John Davis Curator of Mammals Scott Pfaff Curator of Herpetology Bob Seibels Front cover: Pitcher Plants at the Bog Garden Curator of Birds Photograph by Andy Cabe 22521 6/28/05 12:41 AM Page 1

The Observation Deck

have been thinking I think this might be a good time to address the issue of quite a bit about death death head on. As members of the Riverbanks Society I lately. Not my own you are, after all, among our most ardent supporters and mortality mind you, you have a right to know (and understand) about deaths but about the death of in the Zoo. You should first take comfort in knowing that zoo animals. Recent events, our animals are in very good health. The reason for this including the death of our is quite simple; they live in very controlled environments, baby koala, Karoo, have meaning that we have eliminated most of the things that caused me to think more would kill them in the wild. They don't have to contend seriously about this with predators or drought. A zebra injured in the zoo unhappy topic. will be treated by a team of skilled veterinarians and Karoo's death was a shock caring keepers, and thus will not be eaten by a pride to all of us. Until he was of lions (as it would in the wild). Generally speaking, found dead in the exhibit on Monday, May 23, he had most zoo animals live much longer than their wild progressed amazingly well. In fact, he was in such counterparts. apparent good condition that we no longer had any In spite of our best efforts, animals do die. In fact, real concerns about his future. His brief life–from tiny, I can guarantee you that, just like every other living bean-sized neonate to his time in the pouch and finally thing, 100% of our animals will die at some point in the to an almost independent little koala–was remarkably future. So far this year (2005), 215 of our 3,300 animals uneventful. have died–a 7.2% death rate. The story of Karoo's death sparked an outpouring of Of the total number of these deaths, 141 were fish, a understanding and sympathy from fans of Riverbanks fact which requires a bit of an explanation. The health of Zoo. In the days following his death, we received a aquarium animals (both fish and invertebrates) is often number of emails and cards from sympathetic members adversely affected by two factors: quarantine and of the Riverbanks Society. Some sent us their favorite reproductive activity. Every animal that enters Riverbanks photos of Karoo while others told us how much time Zoo, regardless of its origin, is immediately placed in they spent on the SCE&G ZooView Web cam observing quarantine, usually for 30 days. This is done to ensure his fascinating development. Some Riverbanks employees that a communicable disease is not inadvertently had unique encounters with members of the public, like introduced into the rest of the animal collection. Serious the Botanical Garden workers who were having lunch at illness or death can occur to some fish during their first a nearby restaurant not long after Karoo died. They were few days in quarantine, and is often the result of the approached by a gentleman who asked if one of them stresses associated with traveling long distances (many of would come to his table and explain Karoo's death to his our fish arrive from small islands in the Pacific). In many young son. He told them that the child had been crying instances, we obtain animals from native peoples, who for several days over the loss of the baby koala. Clearly, sell local reef fishes for their livelihood. This, in turn, Karoo touched the lives of many people. provides the people with an incentive to protect the reef Like the loss of other high-profile animals, Karoo's and the fish that live there. It is important that we support demise also sparked questions about the very issue of these efforts. death. It has long been my experience that until a Also, fish can be extremely aggressive during breeding. prominent animal dies, most people don't think about In fact, it's not unusual for males to become so death and dying at a zoo. To be perfectly honest, we are aggressive in defending their mates and/or their territory, largely responsible for this. While we usually go to great that they kill some of the other fish that share the exhibit. lengths to publicize the arrival or birth of a new or Ironically, these behaviors are part of the complex social important animal, we rarely announce their deaths. interactions that exist between fishes and are actually a The issue of zoo animal mortality was recently brought sign that the artificial environment we have created to the nation's attention following the loss of several high closely resembles their natural habitat. profile animals at Chicago's Lincoln Park Zoo, including A random review of the 2005 deaths reveals the three elephants. Animal rights protesters appear regularly following. A red rainbow fish died from injuries inflicted at the zoo's front gate calling for the ouster of the zoo's by a tank mate. A white-crested turaco chick died while director. (On a personal note, Kevin Bell, Lincoln Park's hatching from its egg. A female hedgehog had bladder director is a colleague and a friend, and I can tell you and uterine cancer. A spadefish had multiple fibro that he is a consummate professional, with a veterinary sarcomas. An oscillated mountain viper had a poorly staff second to none and a total commitment to the well- differentiated sarcoma with multiple metastases. A being of the animals who live at that facility.) As I write howler monkey died of end stage renal failure and an this column, the Lincoln Park “debate” is still going strong. intestinal fibroma/leiomyoma. And one of Riverbanks' 1 22521 6/28/05 12:41 AM Page 2

original animals, a 35-year old black-footed penguin, During a recent medical crisis with one of our adult was euthanized due to severe arthritis. koalas, our veterinarians regularly spoke by telephone It should also be noted that during this same period with their colleagues at the San Diego Zoo as well as there were 329 births and hatchings at Riverbanks Zoo. with two koala specialists in Australia (despite the 14- However, just like the deaths, 300 were fish (koi). A hour time difference). sampling of the 29 bird, mammal and reptile births Because of these difficulties, zoos work very hard to during the first six months of 2005 include: a Parma prevent medical problems before they occur. Riverbanks wallaby; five Kimberly rock monitors; three Siberian employs a very aggressive preventive medicine program. tigers; and three Toco toucans. Our program varies depending on the needs and Riverbanks is proud to have an outstanding animal idiosyncrasies of each species, but usually involves hospital. We employ two full-time veterinarians, two annual physical examinations, vaccines, dental work, veterinary technicians (equivalent to a human RN) and collection of blood and other samples, and reproductive two hospital support staff. We have the capability of evaluations. We also treat the occurrence of death as a performing a variety of procedures, from x-rays to learning tool. We perform a detailed necropsy (animal ultrasound. We have a surgical suite that rivals that of autopsy) on nearly every animal that dies at Riverbanks some human hospitals, and we even have an intensive Zoo. This is done not just to confirm the cause of death, care unit. But as good as our hospital is it obviously but also to gain additional knowledge about anatomy pales in comparison to that of a human hospital. Our and physiology. This knowledge is then shared with annual budget is probably smaller than one of our local, other zoo veterinarians via an international computer human hospital's monthly budget for latex gloves. program called Med Arks. How does one become a zoo veterinarian? First, a Finally, unlike the 73.5-year average life span of South student must attend veterinary school, spending the vast Carolinians, many of our animals have very short life majority of time studying domestic animals–dogs, cats, expectancies. Many fish live less than 20 years; most cows and horses. If the student is lucky, the veterinary small to medium-sized birds live less than 10 years. Most school has a native wildlife or exotic animal program. small primates rarely live past 25 or 30 years. These programs generally involve no more than one or Imagine, therefore, what it would be like if all of the two courses. Upon graduating, aspiring zoo vets have health care issues that the average human experiences two choices. They can go right to work in a zoo or throughout his/her lifetime–chicken pox, broken arms, aquarium and learn exotic animal medicine on the job. gall bladder surgery, bouts of cancer and/or heart Or, they can attend a post-doctoral program (internship disease–occurred over a 15-year span. Imagine, too, if and residency) and further their academic knowledge you had the same doctor for each of these problems and while gaining some hands-on experience before entering that he was a general practitioner, not a pediatrician, not the zoo profession. Compare this to human physicians. a surgeon or an oncologist or cardiologist. They attend medical school, intern for an additional year Recognizing that zoos have limited financial resources, before entering a residency program for another three that zoo veterinarians face incredibly diverse challenges years in a specific area of medicine–surgery, orthopedics, every day and that our animals live, on average, etc. It has been said that a human physician specialist relatively short lives, we do an amazing job of managing has knowledge that is very narrow, but a mile deep, the health care needs of our living collection. In spite of while a zoo vet's medical knowledge is a mile wide, this, animals will die. As a member of the Riverbanks but shallow. Society, you need to know that when an animal For this reason, we often rely on a dedicated cadre of becomes sick or injured, every effort is made, from the local physicians, dentists and veterinarian specialists to keepers to the veterinarians as well as zoo management, enhance our health care program. These wonderful to provide that animal with the best possible health care. volunteers provide us with specialized knowledge and When they die, we mourn their loss, but we do so with equipment that would otherwise be unavailable, and the firm knowledge that, during their lives, we did they have improved the lives of countless animals over everything in our power to provide them with an the past 30 years. excellent quality of life. They deserve nothing less. Our veterinarians not only take care of 415 different species, they also have to be prepared for the variances in closely related animals. For example, the anatomy and physiology of a marmoset is far different from that of a gorilla, even though both are primates. In a typical day, our veterinarians may address health issues in both tropical and cold ocean fish, birds from the rainforest as well as penguins, a 5-ton elephant and a 10-ounce fruit bat. Keep in mind, for some of our animals there is virtually no known medical literature. In these cases, our vets (as well as veterinarians from other zoos) are often forced to extrapolate information from domestic animal and human medicine. This is why there is such an active and open line of communication between zoo vets, as they must frequently rely on each other for information. 2 22521 6/28/05 12:41 AM Page 3 sTANDINGTALL

WITH LIVING LOOKOUT TOWERs

By – Sheri Jordan, Mammal Keeper

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to Surprisingly, giraffes, like humans and most other tower above some of the largest creatures on Earth? If mammals, have only seven (albeit gigantic) vertebrae in you were a giraffe, you would know. After all, the giraffe their necks. They also have hock-length tails that end in is the world’s tallest mammal. While adult males a black tuft. Giraffes have been killed for their tails alone, measure from 9 to11 feet at the shoulder and can reach which are still prized as good-luck fly whisks in some 18 feet or more to the top of their horns, females are African cultures today. Tail hairs are also used to make typically two feet shorter. This elevated stature of giraffes bracelets and to string beads. comes with substance. Male giraffes can weigh between The two to five knobby skin- and hair-covered horns, 2,420 to 4,250 pounds whereas females, with their or “ossicones,” on the giraffe’s head are unlike those of slighter build, can range from 1,540 to 2,600 pounds. any other mammal. Present at birth as cartilaginous Apart from size, giraffes are esteemed for their ornate knobs, they grow, ossify and fuse to the skull. Both beauty. Each giraffe has a unique set of markings—a males and females have ossicones, but the males’ are distinctive pattern of odd geometrics similar to dappled larger and heavier. light through trees. This resemblance provides excellent Once considered “silent sentinels,” giraffes are camouflage for the giraffe. now known to snort, bleat, roar and scream. Recent Complementing their large, beguilingly soft, endearing research shows that, like elephants and whales, giraffes eyes and long, straight lashes, giraffes possess superb also communicate using extremely low-frequency vision. It is said they can see up to a mile, and in color. sounds—far below the range of human ears. These Giraffes also have excellent hearing and an acute sense low-pitched sounds are known as “infrasound,” and of smell, with ears that are independently mobile and they can travel farther through the air and ground than nostrils that can be closed at will. higher-pitched noises. 3 22521 6/28/05 12:41 AM Page 4

Although they may appear ungainly at first glance, the world’s biggest ruminant. Nipping teeth in the front of giraffes are not only graceful but fast. They almost seem the lower jaw are used for cutting leaves. These have no to float when they “gallop” at speeds of up to 35 miles matching teeth in the upper jaw. The lower canines, per hour, simultaneously swinging the hind legs outside which are peculiarly flattened and deeply grooved at and ahead of the front legs. They can even jump a six- right angles to the plane of flattening, are used for foot fence. Giraffes are better known, however, for their stripping leaves from branches. The upper and lower ambling walk or pace, in which both legs on the same molars are the grinding tools used for cud chewing. side move in tandem, like a camel. Giraffes feed mainly on broad-leafed deciduous foliage Once found in great numbers and wherever there were during rain and evergreen species at other times. Up to trees—throughout the arid and dry savanna zone south 100 species are utilized, although leaves of the acacia, of the Sahara in Africa—giraffe populations have been mimosa, wild apricot and combretum trees are usually eliminated from most of West Africa and the southern the mainstays. Giraffes in the wild spend the majority of Kalahari range by hunters. Giraffes are now found their time either browsing or chewing their cud. Giraffes primarily in the savanna, scrub and open woodland in zoos readily consume commercially available feed, areas of southern Africa. They are not, however, alfalfa hay and some vegetables and fruits in addition considered endangered. to browse. On an ecological note, giraffe browsing stimulates LOFTY DINING, GIRAFFE STYLE new growth, which helps to propagate the plants they Imagine if you could eat a six-foot band of foliage, consume. Also, some seeds need to pass through the beyond the reach of all other terrestrial browsers except giraffe’s digestive system before they can regenerate in the elephant. Giraffes can, and this is good because they the soil. can require up to 75 pounds of foliage per day. Leaves There is some controversy as to the giraffe’s need for still not within reach? Giraffes possess a special joint that water, mostly because they extract so much moisture enables them to increase their reach even more when from leaves. Although zoo giraffes drink up heartily, extending their heads vertically. Plus, they have a tongue giraffes in the wild may drink only every 2 to 3 days that is up to 18 inches long. when water is available and can go for several weeks

A giraffe’s tongue is purplish-black in color, which without drinking—longer than a camel. A researcher in provides natural protection against sunburn. It also is Namibia has observed desert giraffes that he says never covered in thick, sticky saliva—quite helpful for foraging drink. When they do drink, though, giraffes can but leads to “drooling.” The giraffe’s flexible upper lip consume up to 12 gallons of water at a time! and prehensile tongue enable it to deftly harvest choice leaves while avoiding thorns. Giraffes also use their GROWING UP WITH GIRAFFES tongues to remove insects that crawl into their nostrils Life for a giraffe begins with a six-foot drop to the from leaves and branches. ground. The mother gives birth from a standing position Giraffes are ruminant, meaning they have a four- after a 14- to 15-month gestation period. Giraffe chambered stomach and chew their cud. In fact, they are mothers, or “cows,” usually produce a single calf every 4 22521 6/28/05 12:41 AM Page 5

two years. The newborn calf is about six feet tall, weighs Despite their size and many admirable attributes, approximately 150 pounds and can stand within the first giraffes do have enemies. Carnivores, primarily lions, 20 minutes of its entrance into the world. along with occasional hyenas, leopards, cheetahs, wild For the first four to five months, calves rest and dogs and crocodiles can pose a threat. Giraffes are most socialize in nursery groups called creches with one or vulnerable when they are young or old, sick or injured, two of the mothers supervising while the others go off to or when they have their front legs spread or bent with feed. Mothers always return to nurse their calves and their head down to drink, or when the are lying down. spend the night with them, vigilantly protecting them This explains their extreme caution at watering holes as from predators with potentially lethal kicks. Even so, the well as the reason adults are not often seen lying down mortality rate for calves is high—50 to 75 percent are in the wild. Giraffes do doze or sleep both standing and killed during their first few months. lying when resting at midday or at night, but usually for Giraffe milk has a high fat content, so calves that only a few minutes at a time. A giraffe will flee, if survive grow quickly, doubling their height in a year. possible, when attacked or will fight back with powerful Males reach sexual maturity at around 3 years of age, kicks. but usually do not breed until age 8. Females are The giraffe’s number one enemy, however, is man. sexually mature at 4 to 5 years. Man has hunted giraffes for their meat and hides or Giraffes can be solitary or live in loosely knit herds of simply for trinkets or pleasure, and much of the giraffes’ from half a dozen to many dozens that vary greatly in habitat has been turned into farmland or otherwise composition. There are no obvious or consistent herd encroached upon by the rapidly increasing number of leaders, and they are not territorial. Males, or “bulls,” people in Africa. Today many giraffe populations are establish a dominance hierarchy for breeding by restricted to national parks and are becoming genetically “necking” or “head banging,” a sparring behavior in isolated from other populations. which two bulls line up side by side to basically size each other up, swinging their massive heads and horns REACHING OUT TO GIRAFFES AT RIVERBANKS into their opponent’s rump and body. Interestingly the What is it like to stand eye to eye with the world’s giraffes never kick each other. Breeding takes place tallest mammal? Visit Riverbanks’ Giraffe Overlook to throughout the year, but most often during the rainy find out. There you can enjoy these gentle beauties season when food is in abundance. closer than you’ve ever imagined. You might even have Since they do not have sweat glands, giraffes seek the opportunity to feel the tickle of their soft upper lip as shade, limit movement during the heat of the day you offer them feed. and feed primarily during cooler morning and late In addition to the three female giraffes currently afternoon hours. There has been some speculation enjoying the attention of Riverbanks visitors, we are that giraffes may dissipate heat to some extent through looking forward to the arrival of two more. When an their ossicones. optimum weather temperature permits, a four year old Gregarious and ever curious, giraffes are known for female and a one year old male will be transferred to us their gentle, tolerant and inoffensive nature. In the wild, from the Sedgwick County Zoo in Wichita, Kansas, they are often found in the company of other species where they were both captive born. Upon their arrival, such as wildebeest, hartebeest, zebra, ostrich and eland the new giraffes will be subject to the Zoo’s routine who appear to rely on the giraffe as “living lookout quarantine procedure, usually a 30-day period. During towers.” When approaching water, for example, other that time they will be housed in the giraffe backup area animals may wait for hours at a time while giraffes scout until they get acclimated to their new surroundings the area for predators, only proceeding to the water after and new caretakers, and then will be safely incorporated a giraffe makes a move. Conversely, if a giraffe suddenly into the herd. Stay tuned to future issues of Riverbanks snorts in alarm and gallops off, the other animals will for updates. likely bolt as well.

Mission Statement

It is our mission to foster appreciation and concern for all living things. We are dedicated to providing: the highest standards of care for our animal and plant collections a diverse educational and high-quality recreational experience for all Riverbanks visitors all the resources at our disposal for the conservation of the earth’s flora and fauna.

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Plan Your Visit

First Thursdays in Animaland the Garden Let Your Imagination Run Wild

Looking for an alternative after-hours retreat? Join us at Riverbanks for First Thursdays in the Garden. Now through September, Riverbanks Botanical Garden will Watching animals at the Zoo can inspire the artist in open its doors from 6-9pm on the first Thursday of each all of us. Now you can turn your wildest inspiration month. Meet and discover local artists, listen to live into a Zoo animal of your own at Riverbanks’ new music, talk to a trained horticulturist and fall in step with Animaland. Whether you’d like a giraffe, horse, one of our impromptu tours. tiger, lion, elephant, wolf or koala, Animaland gives Society members $2, nonmembers $4. you the supplies to stuff, dress and name a Food and beverages will be available for purchase. Zoo critter to take home. Upcoming First Thursday artists: When the handiwork is complete, you’ll receive July 7 - Folk Americana band Julesverne and local additional creature comforts, including a cradle and stained-glass artist Jinny Cherry birth certificate. So swing by Animaland—inside the August 4 - Bluegrass band Palmetto Blue and Elephant Trunk Gift Shop (outside on busy days)— local watercolor artist Jeanne Lirola and create your favorite huggable animal for the and potter Dorothy Kitchens introductory rate of just $22.95. September 1 - Bluegrass band Darlene & The Amicks and metalworks artist Billy Mustard

upcoming eventS July 7 – First Thursdays in the Garden July 24 – Taste of Columbia August 4 – First Thursdays in the Garden August 28 – Chili Pepper Fiesta September 1 – First Thursdays in the Garden October 1 – Wild Things Safari October14-16, 21-23, 27-30 – Boo at the Zoo 6 22521 6/28/05 12:42 AM Page 7

3-D adventure theater now showing

SHOW TIMES ARE POSTED AT TICKET BOOTHS AND THE THEATER

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In The Know

By – Ed Diebold, Director of Animal Collections Hope Springs Eternal …

"In the Know” is usually reserved to share with our most So…what is so special about the rediscovery of a bird that valued and appreciated members little known snippets of was once believed extinct? Clearly, this event means information about the plants, animals and people at different things to different people. To many it is perhaps Riverbanks. I hope you will bear with me as I diverge from nothing more than a curiosity. To others, myself included, the norm to share my thoughts on a highly significant it is profoundly moving. I have studied animals, in event that occurred since the last column was written. particular birds, for most of my life. I have read many In late April 2005, the Big Woods Conservation times the accounts of the 1935 expedition to Louisiana’s Partnership, led by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Singer Tract in search of the species that, by this time, was and the Nature Conservancy, announced that the ivory- already exceedingly rare. Under very difficult field billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) had been conditions, and with equipment that is primitive by today’s rediscovered in the Cache River National Wildlife Refuge standards, biologists captured photographs and of Arkansas. The Big Woods, spanning 550,000 acres, is remarkable video of a bird that was not to be captured the largest corridor of bottomland hardwood forest again on film for over 60 years. This video, in particular, remaining in the northern Mississippi Delta and includes has always fascinated me. The amazingly high-quality, the Cache River Refuge. black-and-white images are of a male ivory-billed An experienced, local naturalist spotted the ivory-billed woodpecker inspecting a nest cavity. Each time I watched woodpecker while kayaking in the Refuge in February this video I could not help but think that this bird may 2004. This sighting has since been confirmed by rigorous have represented the last generation of its kind—a scientific study, including a riveting 2-3 second piece of marvelously adapted species soon to depart this earth color video. Prior to this, the last confirmed sighting of the forever. I held out hope that somehow, against the odds, species in the United States was in April 1944, in the bird might persist in some remote, little explored forest Louisiana’s 81,000-acre Singer Tract. The latest discovery tract. To be honest, my heart of hearts believed that it was has generated a wave of excitement and joy that has been gone. It seemed inconceivable to me that such a large and savored by the scientific community, amateur birders and distinctive bird could survive undetected for so long nature lovers alike. within the boundaries of our country. The ivory-billed woodpecker is North America’s largest You may understand then the wave of emotion that woodpecker and one of the largest in world. It is a swept over me as I watched for the first time, the 2-3 whopping 18 to 20 inches tall, has a wingspan of 30 to 31 second video clip recorded by one of the scientists inches, weighs 16 to 20 ounces and has a bold, distinctive working to confirm the recent sightings in the Big Woods color pattern of black, white and red. The species is native of Arkansas. Although grainy and frustratingly brief, the to the once vast bottomland forests of the southeastern images were unmistakable... the ivory-billed woodpecker United States, ranging from Texas to North Carolina. It has lives! It literally brought tears to my eyes and somehow also been sighted in Cuba, though the current status of this made the world seem like a better place. population is unknown. Its primary food is beetle larvae, found under the bark of dead and dying trees, which used Until the next time .... to be in abundant supply in these primeval forests. It is estimated that prior to European settlement more than 50 million acres of the Southeast were covered in these old growth forests. As the ancient forests were systematically logged, the amount of suitable habitat diminished, as did confirmed sightings of the majestic woodpecker. In South Carolina, confirmed sightings of the species along the Lower Santee River persisted into the mid-1930s. However, by the early 1940s the species had reached the very edge of oblivion. Only scattered, unconfirmed sightings continued to be recorded. Today only a small fraction of the species’ bottomland forest habitat remains, but it was in one of these remaining tracts—the Cache River Refuge—that the woodpecker returned from the very edge of extinction. The Nature If you'd like more information on this amazing discovery, Conservancy has since protected more than 18,000 acres please visit the following Web sites: of the Big Woods through new land acquisitions, and a http://www.ivorybill.org/index.html 10-year goal is to restore 200,000 more acres. http://www.birds.cornell.edu/ivory/ 8 22521 6/28/05 12:42 AM Page 9

per Fies ep ta i P il Got a passion for peppers? h Want to add some spice to your summer? C Join us for Riverbanks’ hottest summer celebration!

Sunday, August 28, 11am –6pm – Riverbanks Botanical Garden FREE with Zoo & Garden admission. LISTEN TO SIZZLING MUSIC

1–5pm – ! Sabor! Latin Jazz Project DISCOVER A STEAMY DANCE Free salsa lessons in the Magnolia Room LEARN RED-HOT, HOW-TO TIPS Cooking and preserving peppers Growing chili peppers Making wreaths and garlands from chili peppers CREATE A HOT ITEM TO TAKE HOME Hands-on crafts for kids GO SHOPPING WITH FLARE Chili inspired fare Pepper seeds – Decorated pots – And more! Don’t miss this ultimate celebration of the chili pepper. It’s sure to be Hot! Hot! Hot!

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ZOOTEENs: A cOMMUNITY PARTNERsHIP

By – Jennifer Baxter Supervisor of Interpretation

In the spring of 2003, the towards appropriate roles and other team building sessions. In a Riverbanks Zoo & Garden Education programs. A ZooTeen supervisor short period of time, their comfort Department entered a partnership position, filled by Danielle Bazemore level as a team helps them overcome with the Boys and Girls Club (BGC) for the last year and a half, is their fears and the real learning of the Midlands to initiate an exciting provided by BGC. She works with begins. Throughout this week, the program for local teenagers. The the Riverbanks education staff to ZooTeens also learn how to care for program, appropriately called organize spring recruitment sessions and handle animals in our education ZooTeens, targets 14-17 year old at the Zoo. Applications are given to collection. This involves being tested BGC members for participation in an interested candidates and interviews on animal care routines as well as eight-week summer program running are conducted shortly after these information they have received 32 hours a week. Selected ZooTeens sessions. Grants and donations about a variety of animals, from bugs are also invited to participate in an determine the number of teens we to large birds. They also learn how to 8-10 hour a week program during can support each year. After some run one of our ZooClues education the school year. The program is aimed tough decisions, the limited number carts that teach our visitors about at opening doors to underserved of spots are filled, and the intense animals. All of the ZooTeens go youth while teaching them practical training program at Riverbanks through a Riverbanks orientation that animal care and environmental begins. not only teaches them about our education skills. Participation During the first week of summer, facility, but also about our empowers ZooTeens to give back to the ZooTeens meet for the first time philosophy, mission, and how we the community through the use of as a group. The teenagers come from treat our visitors. job and real-life skills they gain from Columbia area high schools. Many The Zoo’s summer camps begin education programs and outreach of them come to us with a desire to during the second week of the experiences. The overall goal of the learn more about animals, but many program, so ZooTeens start their day ZooTeen program is to teach the of them also have phobias ranging by taking care of the education interconnectedness of all living from fear of snakes to fear of public animals before the campers arrive. things through a full circle concept speaking. The teenagers and their Then they take animals into the of community and environment. new supervisors all go through a various camps to teach the kids Recruitment for the summer starts ROPES course at the YMCA that about wildlife. ZooTeens work at the Boys and Girls Clubs, as challenges their comfort zones by closely with our educators to learn mentors guide club teenagers engaging them in blind trust falls and environmental teaching tools and 10 22521 6/28/05 12:42 AM Page 11

classes. Watching the comfort level to serve people and animals in need of the ZooTeens at Camp Sunshine in their community. We believe that grow throughout the summer is the “like a pebble that hits a pond, every biggest reward of the program. ripple spreads further out.” As you Last summer we invited a few of read this, we will be in our third the Camp Sunshine participants to summer of this program; so when job shadow the ZooTeens at you visit us at the Zoo or while Riverbanks one day a week to see you’re out in the community, keep what they do. In a short period of an eye out for smiling faces wearing time, we made a lot of new friends ZooTeen shirts. You never know that seem to have lasted well beyond where you will see us next! the length of the program. Last year, a returning ZooTeen told me that one of the campers from Camp Sunshine public speaking skills. It’s amazing to got integrated into their public high watch their improvement throughout school. When I asked him if he the summer. The first week starts out spoke with the young man, our with ZooTeens who at times seem ZooTeen said, “Of course, I went terrified of their 5-12 year old right up to him and introduced him audiences. By the end of the to my friends.” summer, these same teenagers are Throughout the summer ZooTeens usually fighting over who gets to talk also take programs to the Boys and first about “their” animal with the Girls Clubs around the Midlands. camp kids. Last year we taught the club kids The ZooTeen program also tries to about compassion for animals, give the participants real-life skills problems with dog fighting, recycling through professional development and how to make a backyard wildlife sessions every Monday afternoon. habitat. This year we are very excited These sessions focus on topics to bring the Jane Goodall Roots and ranging from diversity in the Shoots program to the clubs. We workplace to savings accounts. It is hope to inspire young people in our always surprising to hear what really community to get involved with is going through the teens’ young environmental and wildlife minds! Last year we found that the protection and empower them to favorite session was, surprisingly, on make a difference! This same the importance of good credit for the program will be taught to some of future. Of course, as part of their our Zoo campers for the first time professional development, we try to this summer. The most exciting part lead by example and teach the of this story is that the teacher will be ZooTeens about punctuality and a graduate from our ZooTeen proper uniform codes every day at program, Russell Clinton (the first Riverbanks. participant to complete a two year The community outreach portion cycle). of the program begins the second Other community outreach efforts week of summer and continues by ZooTeens throughout the year throughout the year. The main include Palmetto Children’s Hospital, outreach is with Camp Sunshine, a Carolina Wildlife Care, family camp for special needs learners, run shelters and wildlife clubs. Every by the Richland County Recreation year the program grows in its scope Commission. Here, ZooTeens learn and effect. In fact, the how to interact with special needs program quickly received participants, one of the necessary one of the highest honors in actions to help achieve their goal of September 2004 when it was offering a program to special needs recognized with the youth by the end of the summer. On distinguished Education some days at Camp Sunshine, Award by the American Zoo ZooTeens help with field trips, roller & Aquarium Association. rinks or bowling alleys. Other days It is our hope that as ZooTeens stay at Camp Sunshine to ZooTeens complete their assist with art, music and sports time with us they will go on 11 22521 6/28/05 12:42 AM Page 12

Can You Draw a Frog? Hop to it... just follow the 5 easy steps below

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Draw 2 ovals and Draw the legs using ovals Add the eye, nose and connect them with curves and curves. Draw a mouth. Draw the feet as shown above. curved line for the eyes. making the toes round at the ends.

Step 4 Step 5 Erase some of the lines to Now color your frog. There make the body parts join are many colors of frogs so as shown below. you can use your favorite.

Did You Know? Frogs have smooth or slick skin and toads have dry, warty skin.

12 22521 6/28/05 12:42 AM Page 13

Four seasons, more reasons... to hold your special event at Riverbanks.

SPRING SUMMER

Corporate Family Picnics Wedding Receptions

FALL WINTER

Business Meetings Holiday Parties

For information about available dates and facilities, call 803.779.8717x1123 or visit www.riverbanks.org.

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Education adventures

Our award-winning education programs are a great way to learn more about the fascinating wildlife at Riverbanks Zoo & Garden! All programs are $7 per person for Riverbanks Society members and $13 per person for nonmembers except programs for ages 2–4 where one adult is required to attend with each child at no extra charge), unless otherwise noted. Programs for children ages 2–4 are 45 minutes long and include: arts and crafts, story time, games, live animal encounters and Zoo walks. As always, we are interested in your comments and suggestions and invite you to call the Education Department at 803.779.8717 x1400, 9am to 4:30pm Tuesday through Friday. A registration form is available below or register online at www.riverbanks.org. We look forward to seeing you at Riverbanks! Pony Care 101 (8–12 years old) Teacher Safari ZOOVenture Programs Join us at the Farm to meet our newest Join us at Riverbanks Zoo on Friday, All Wrapped Up (2–6 years old) additions: ponies. If you want to know more September 9, for our Teacher Safari. This will Join us for an investigation of scales, fur, slime, about basic pony care, including grooming be an opportunity for teachers and student quills and more! and feeding, then this is the class for you! teachers to experience what it’s like to spend Family on Safari (families) the night at the Zoo. Participants will also Experience the zoo that few get to see, the Zoo learn about the resources available for at night! Riverbanks staffers are your guides on curriculum development. The Safari starts at an unforgettable night of games, activities and 6:30pm and lasts until 9:00am the next behind-the-scenes tours. Families should bring morning. Please eat dinner before you arrive. their own sleeping gear, tents and sense of A light snack and continental breakfast will adventure. Members - $35/person, be provided. Nonmembers -$40/person. Price includes light Who: Teachers and student teachers snack and continental breakfast. across the Midlands (30 maximum) Flamingos (2–4 years old) What: Teacher Safari Join us as we discover the fabulous flamingos When: Friday, September 9, 2005 that make their home at Riverbanks Zoo & Where: Riverbanks Zoo & Garden Garden. How: Call the Education Department to Giraffes (2–4 years old) register at 803.779.8717 x1140 or email Imagine being 17 feet tall! Come learn about [email protected] these “giants.” Cost: $35 per participant Lions (2–4 years old) (includes a COOL glow-in-the-dark T-shirt Come join our pride for a roarin’ good time that says, “I Survived the Night at Riverbanks”) and learn about this amazing cat. Gator Tales (2–4 years old) Join us as we learn more about this amazing reptile! Meet and Greet (2–4 years old) Toddlers will enjoy an introduction to wildlife, while meeting live animals up close. Each month will feature a different theme. September: Smooth or Scaly? (Please note: the same class is repeated throughout the month.)

PROGRAM REGISTRATION FORM ______Class Registration Parent/Registrant’s Name Member # f ______Preregistration is required for all activities. Name of Program Participant Age f Please complete the registration form. ______f Street Address No registrations will be accepted by phone. ______f Register early. Space is limited. City/State/Zip f Upon receipt of registration and payment, a ______confirmation will be mailed. Email______f If an activity is filled, your check will be returned. Daytime Phone______Evening Phone______Program(s) Date Time Fee ______Cancellations and Refunds ______f Written cancellation must be received at least two weeks before the scheduled program date in order to Please make checks payable to Riverbanks Zoo & Garden. receive a refund or reschedule your reservation. Mail completed form and payment to: f No refunds will be issued for cancellations made less Riverbanks Zoo & Garden than two weeks before the program date. Attn: Education Department f Riverbanks reserves the right to cancel or reschedule PO Box 1060 any activity. Columbia, SC 29202-1060 f A full refund will be issued if Riverbanks cancels any activity. Applications are also available on our Web site: www.riverbanks.org

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Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 354 6 7 8 9 10:00 Dry Gardens 11:00 House Plant Care FREE July 2005 16 10 11 12 13 14 15 10:00 Butterfly Gardening SUMMER CAMP 10:00 Bug Hunt (5-8 yrs old)

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 10:00 Floral Arranging 10:30 Riverbanks Revealed SUMMER CAMP

24 25 26 27 28 29 10:00 Cooking with Herbs30 SUMMER CAMP

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 10:00 Beer Gardening 6 10:00 Mosaic Pots (6-10 yrs old) st 2005 Augu SUMMER CAMP 7 8 9 10 11 12 10:00 Orchids 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 10:00 Houseplants 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 10:00 Bonsai 27

28 29 30 31

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 4 5 6 7 9 9 10 10:00 Meet and Greet 10:00 Giraffes 10:00 Giraffes 2 years old 2 years old 2 years old ber 2005 11:00 Lions 12:00 Giraffes 11:00 Lions tem 3-4 years old 3-4 years old 3-4 years old Sep 10:00 Composting 6:30pm Teacher Safari 7:00pm Family on Safari

11 12 13 14 15 16 10:00 Flamingos 17 10:00 Flamingos 10:00 Lions 2 years old 3-4 years old 2 years old 11:00 Flamingos 12:00 Lions 3-4 years old 3-4 years old 12:00 All Wrapped Up 5-6 years old

18 19 20 21 22 23 8:30-10:00 Pony Care 101 24 10:00 Meet and Greet 10:00 Gator Tales 8-12 years old 2 years old 2 years old 10:00 Gator Tales 11:00 Lions 12:00 Gator Tales 2 years old 3-4 years old 3-4 years old 11:00 Gator Tales 3-4 years old

25 26 27 28 29 30 10:00 Gator Tales 10:00 All Wrapped Up 3-4 years old 2 years old 12:00 All Wrapped Up 3-4 years old

All Zoo programs are printed in Black and Garden programs are Green. 15 22521 6/28/05 12:42 AM Page 16

delight in the garden

Garden Education Programs Mosaic Pots for Kids (6-10 years old) Bonsai August 6, 10-11am August 27, 10am-noon (All classes are held on Saturdays) Local artist Jinny Cherry will help children to The special art of training plants into bonsai create one-of-a-kind mosaic flower pots out of will be covered in this workshop. Learn all Dry Gardens items found around the home. Some of the about the world of creating miniatures for your July 9, 10am-noon things they will use include buttons, keys and home and garden. Do you like the Southwest look but don't old toys. Kids will be encouraged to use their $15 members, $21 nonmembers know how to get it? This class will cover all imagination creating a colorful pot to take Composting those low maintenance plants that grow in dry, home. All supplies provided. September 10, 10am-noon desert-like conditions. These plants are great $10 members, $16 nonmembers This class, presented by Clemson Extension all together in a "dry garden" or mixed in with Orchids Urban Horticulture Center, will get you started other perennials for a warm, Southern look. August 13, 10am-noon on the right path to turning your "trash" into Learn how to use these plants, where to get This beginner's orchids class will exhibit some treasure. Basic composting techniques and them and which plants will do great in of the more unusual orchids for the home and bins will be demonstrated. The instructor will South Carolina's sandy soils! how to care for them. Orchids are long give several tips on how to get just the right $15 members, $21 nonmembers blooming and often very fragrant, making them balance to produce rich, loamy compost for Butterfly Gardening great, exotic plants for the house. your garden. July 16, 10-11am $15 members, $21 nonmembers $7 members, $13 nonmembers Attract butterflies to your garden by planting a Houseplants mix of flowering perennials and shrubs. Learn August 20, 10am-noon For more information on any all about host plants to keep the butterflies Create a warm, cozy environment in your of the classes, or to register, visit our reproducing in your yard! home with live plants. This class will cover $7 members, $13 nonmembers care and maintenance of basic houseplants, as Web site at www.riverbanks.org Bug Hunt well as some unusual plants you can bring into or call 803.779.8717 x1799. July 16, 10-11am your home. Finding creepy crawlies and flying insects is $15 members, $21 nonmembers what this class is all about! Kids ages 5-8 can enjoy a lesson on insects, see some unusual Class Registration critters up close, and scout out bugs on their Preregistration is required for all activities. own in this one-of-a-kind bug hunt! Please complete the registration form. $7 members, $13 nonmembers No registrations will be accepted by phone. Floral Arranging Register early. Space is limited. July 23, 10am-noon Upon receipt of registration and payment, a confirmation will be mailed. Make beautiful arrangements for the table from If an activity is filled, your check will be returned. the flowers in your garden. This class will show you techniques to create great arrangements that can be used for many Cancellations and Refunds different occasions. The instructor will demonstrate the art of making corsages, Written cancellation must be received at least two weeks before the scheduled boutonnières, and bouquets as well. program date in order to receive a refund or reschedule your reservation. $15 members, $21 nonmembers No refunds will be issued for cancellations made less than two weeks before the Riverbanks Revealed program date. July 23, 10:30am-noon Riverbanks reserves the right to cancel or reschedule This special opportunity to tour Riverbanks any activity. with staff members will give you the inside A full refund will be issued if Riverbanks cancels any activity. scoop on all the different themed garden areas we have. We will explain our style of gardening, the reason for the plants that have been chosen, and more. The tour also will go down the Woodland Walk for a peek REGISTRATION FORM into the past as we cover the historical ______importance of this site and point out ruins Parent/Registrant’s Name Member # from the mid-1800s. ______$7 members, $13 nonmembers Name of Program Participant Age ______Cooking with Herbs Street Address July 30, 10am-noon ______Presented by the Farmer's Shed of Lexington, City/State/Zip this class will help you create dishes with herbs ______from your garden to amaze friends. The Email______instructor will give tips on getting the most flavor from herbs, as well as demonstrate how Daytime Phone______Evening Phone______to make treats like herbed butter, rosemary Program(s) Date Time Fee jelly and herbal cheese balls. The class will ______also cover how to turn those herbs into oils ______and vinegars that can be used in cooking a variety of dishes. ______$15 members, $21 nonmembers Please make checks payable to Riverbanks Zoo & Garden. Beer Gardening Mail completed form and payment to: August 6, 10am-noon Riverbanks Zoo & Garden Grow your own hops to create the beer of your Attn: Garden Education Classes dreams. Riverbanks’ horticulturist Chris Spearen will explain the process of growing PO Box 1060 and harvesting hops and using those to brew a Columbia, SC 29202-1060 batch of beer that will be truly one-of-a-kind. $15 members, $21 nonmembers

16 22521 6/28/05 12:43 AM Page 17 Dedicating a Tiger’s Eye View to Laura

Watching tigers at Riverbanks is now more captivating than ever for more visitors, thanks to an extraordinary imprints). Narrowing the walkway allowed additional young woman’s compassion for wildlife bamboo plantings which will eventually form a and the remarkable love of her parents. canopy over the path within a few years. The most noticeable part of the exhibit is a new elevated, Laura J. Smith loved all animals and Riverbanks Zoo. thatched-roof viewing hut, complete with a ramp, Her special love affair with cats began with her own enabling both adults with physical challenges and pet cat. As she grew up, that love extended to big cats small children to view the tigers from above the and, especially, tigers. She delighted in the Siberian normal footpath. tigers at Riverbanks, and the tigers were always her The Laura J. Smith Tiger Overlook was formally first and last destination on visits to the Zoo. Laura dedicated on Friday, April 15. Nearly 60 friends of died on December 18, 2003, at the age of 33, but her Laura and her parents attended the ceremony and presence will continue to be felt at the tiger exhibit reception in her honor. Next time you visit the Zoo, through a project sponsored by her parents. please take a moment to visit the Laura J. Smith Tiger Although challenged by autism and many medical Overlook, and take in the view that Laura loved problems, Laura achieved much in her short life. A best—watching the tigers. graduate of A.C. Flora High School, she lived independently with the support of the South Carolina Autism Division, and she enjoyed her employment at the University of South Carolina Thomas Cooper Library. Laura had volunteered at the Riverbanks barnyard and with the Animal Protection League. She actively pursued a number of other interests, including ballet, travel literature and mythology. To celebrate Laura’s affection for animals and to encourage in others the appreciation and concern for tigers that was so important to her, Laura’s parents Michael and Carol Smith of Columbia, SC, sponsored the redesign of the observation area in front of Riverbanks’ tiger exhibit. Spearheaded by Riverbanks’ Director of Horticulture Melodie Scott-Leach, the project involved the complete renovation of the public viewing space in front of the Siberian tiger exhibit, including conversion of the concrete walk to a meandering path, resurfaced with a material that Top Photo: Visitors enjoying Laura J. Smith Tiger Overlook resembles the jungle floor (complete with leaf Bottom Photo: Laura Smith 17 22521 6/28/05 12:43 AM Page 18

WHO YA CALLING CRABBY?

By – Melissa R. Hartley-Salmon, Aquarium Supervisor

Once upon a time in a land called Greece, an ancient or hard shell”); order Decapoda (“ten legs”); suborder god asked a crab to go and fight the great Heracles Brachyura (“short-tail”). (Hercules). In spite of his small size, the crab did as told The hard shell of the crab, which offers protection and and suffered the loss of his life under the heel of the support of the muscle structure, is segmented in places mighty warrior. For his braveness, the crab was placed in with soft membrane connections that allow freedom of the sky for all eternity. This story symbolizes loyalty and movement. While apparently having ten legs, in truth six determination—a highly appropriate analogy, for in the additional legs have been modified into mouth parts sea, there is no greater example of determination than over eons of time. Crabs also appear to have no tail, a crab. unlike their cousins, lobsters and shrimp, but in reality Crabs have eked out an existence in every type of the tail has also been modified to be much smaller and habitat in the sea and in some freshwater habitats. They now rests flat up against the underside of the body. In are on the beach, on the reef, in caves and in the deep fact, it is the length and width of the tucked up abdomen sea. Their diets may be quite variable and, depending on that allows us to know male from female. The female the species, may include worms, clams, plants, other uses her wider abdomen to brood her eggs. crabs, live fishes or carcasses. The secret to their success Crabs are gill-breathing, benthic (substrate-dwelling) is a specialized function of appendages. Among other creatures ranging in leg span from a few millimeters to activities, crabs decorate themselves, engage in the sport over 13 feet! Many live on or in other animals such as of boxing, and pinch human toes much to our dismay! sponges, oysters, and corals. The smallest crab in the As arthropods, crabs have close to a million species that world lives only on sand dollars. Crabs obtain size they may count as brethren, which is more than three growth through a process known as molting. Unlike times the number of all other animal species combined! most other arthropods, crabs molt throughout their Of that, “true crabs” (which does not include hermit lifespan. The process begins under the carapace (hard crabs) comprise 4,500 species. A look at the exoskeleton) of the crab where a new soft and wrinkly classification of these crabs gives a well rounded skeleton takes form. Upon formation, the hard outer description of the group: subphylum Crustacean (“crust skeleton will split and the crab will crawl out of the 18 22521 6/28/05 12:43 AM Page 19

unwanted layer. While soft, the crab is very venerable to and we now have two at Riverbanks Zoo. Found predators and must sit and wait for the new exoskeleton naturally on the sandy bottom off the coast of Japan, to harden, a process that begins immediately. It hardens these crabs live at depths of over 900 feet. They can in part from water soaked into the crab’s body and new obtain a weight of over 45 pounds. The giant Japanese exoskeleton. The space that the water then occupies spider crabs at Riverbanks do not yet have a 13-foot leg inside the new carapace will slowly be filled in with span, but they are impressive in size and have become a new tissue growth over weeks or many months. This very popular exhibit in the Rocky/Northern Shore time period is called an instar. Once filled, it will be time Gallery. Come see them and other crabs at Riverbanks, for the crab’s next molt. Over multiple molts a crab can and rejoice in your new crabby intelligence! regenerate a lost leg including the claw. Among other physical characteristics, most crabs have References compound eyes that are highly convex providing a wide Allen, R.H. Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning. visual field, especially when the eye sits upon a stalk Dover Publications, 1899. above the carapace. Have you ever tried to sneak up on a crab? They also are a true “blue blood” and not the Ruppert, Edward E., and Barnes, Robert D. kind with lots of money and good breeding. Their blood Invertebrate Zoology. Thomas Learning, 1994. is colored blue due to the type of protein that carries oxygen in their blood. Instead of hemoglobin like ours, their blood uses hemocyanin proteins, which contain two copper atoms that turn from colorless to blue when oxygenated.

A CRAB OF A DIFFERENT COLOR…. The fiddler crab lives in the intertidal beach zone in an L-shaped burrow dug by the male. When the tide comes in, he plugs the opening to his burrow with sand or mud. When the tide goes out, however, it is time to impress the girls! Fiddler crab males have one really large claw and one small one. At low tide, the male sits near his burrow and waves his large claw in the air to get a female’s attention. Depending on the species, he may wave it back and forth or in circles. He also may use his claw to bang on the sand to get her attention. If she is impressed by the size of his claw, she will follow him into his burrow for mating. When the time comes to defend his burrow from other males, he uses his large claw as a shield. Decorator crabs have hook-shaped hairs all over their body. To disguise themselves, decorator crabs pick up small invertebrate animals and plants, and sometimes objects, and stick them on themselves. They are like one big walking Velcro! Often the animals or plants will begin to grow on the carapace of the decorator and will form a diverse colony. After his next molt, the crab can start all over again with his next decorating scheme. Blue crabs have a special talent—they can swim! Most crabs cannot, but blue crabs like the ones found on the South Carolina coast have modified legs that are flat and act like paddles. They use their legs much like a boat propeller moving them in circles to swim around. Boxer crabs take the sport of boxing one step further— they arm their “mitts” with stinging animals. Boxer crabs carry a small pom-pom anemone in each claw. (An anemone is a kind of animal that has stinging cells in its flesh.) When threatened by a predator, the boxer crab can thrust the anemones toward the aggressor to keep him at bay. The anemone benefits from scrapes of food falling from the crab at mealtime. Remember the crab with a leg span of 13 feet? That is the giant Japanese spider crab (Macrocheira kaempferi), 19 22521 6/28/05 12:43 AM Page 20

THANK YOU FOR MAKING A DIFFERENcE

Riverbanks Society recognizes the following individuals and businesses for their generosity through cash donations, in-kind donations and support through Gold level memberships between June 2004 and May 2005.

Individual Donors: Margaret C. Batson Allen T. & Paige M. Brown Diane M. & Joseph E. Cato, Jr. Sylvia F. Aaron George & Patricia Batten Brenda & Tom Brown Caroline Caughman Zane & Nancy Abernethy Adrienne Bauer Frank K. & Sarah S. Brown George D. Caughman Tad Abrams Mr. & Mrs. Pat Baughman Koster & Gaynelle Brown Linda & Hazy Caughman Vera E. & William C. Abshier Richard & Angie Baughman Matthew & Pamela Brown William & Annette Caughman Willis & Peggy Adams Kenneth H. Bauknight Ms. Janet Brownstein David H. & Mary A. Causey Joe Agnew Jen Baxter Charles J. & Diane S. Bruce Joseph M. Cavanagh, Jr. James & Susan Agruso Betsy & Legrant Beard Kevin J. & Candace A. Brumbaugh Betsy Linn Chambers Mary Alice & Randy Akers Edward H. & Sara S. Beasley Sara Bruner J.C. & Coleman M. Chambliss Dixie Allan G.F. & Anne T. Beazley Myrtle K. Bruno Kriston B. & John T. Chandler, Jr. Alan W. & Judith W. Alexander Eiba H. Begemann Dr. George W. Brunson Paul Chaplin Carroll L. Allen August J. Belleggia English & Fawn Buchanan Melanie H. Chastain Dorothy B. Allen Marie A. Bensch Bill & Carol Buck Nell S. & Walter R. Chastain, Jr. James R. & Marjorie B. Allen Kim & Keith Benson Robert C. & Jeannette E. Buckliew Lillian & Douglas Chavous Susan Allen Hubert L. Bernheim Charles R. & Alice G. Buckner Paul B. & Leah S. Cherney Terri Allen Renee L. Bernheim Audrey S. Buckwell James V. & Michelle G. Chin Elfriede L. Andersen Larry & Suzanne Bertolini Ed & Sharon Buddin Ann Christ Anna & Russell Anderson Stephen D. Berwager Cindy & John Budry Anne & Neal Christiansen Anne Anderson Nancy A. & Dondi A. Best Duncan Buell Chuck Ciesar Darlene T. Anderson Linda & Ed Besterfeldt John & Antoinette Buerkert Jim & Geniene Ciuca Linda Anderson Caroline & Mark Birchmore Walter & Fran Bull Gwynne P. Clamp Uta P. & Daniel L. Anderson Peter S. Bischoff Nelle C. Bundrick Curtis L. Clark Wanda Anderson Susan M. & Charles M. Black, Jr. Jeannette L. & Edwin C. Burch Jared & Jan Clark Mrs. R.W. Andrews Joe & Melissa Blanchard Robert & Gladys Burke Nancy Clark Daryl Leigh & Rick Anthony Karen & Perry Blank, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. Harvey L. Burnette, Jr. Nick & Michelle Clark Susan & Greg Arling Kathy & Clark Blankenbecklor Kris & Ron Burns Polly Clary L.P. Armstrong-Garrett Gary S. Blatt Mary & Richard Burnside Marjorie M. Claytor Teri & Chris Arthur Jean T. Blaylock Dr. Lucia S. Burrell Robert & Susan Clifford Tom & Karen Arthur Bob & Donna Blenis Edda Burton J. Cloer Robert A. & Jennifer E. Astolfi Debra & Jeffrey Bloom Linda P. Burton Jake Cluverius Pat Atchison Jean & Bill Blount, Jr. Marion & Debra Burton Anne H. Cobb James S. & Virginia K. Aull Annette Hairston Boette Robert L. & Vivian S. Busbee Jackson L. & Saleema S. Cobb Mr. Henry E. Avent Laurin Boggero Hootie & Marianne Bushardt Brigitte Cole Adrianna Aylard Kenneth Boni Maryellen & Paul Butare Dr. Hugh V. and Nabil & Donna Ayoub J.M. & Jean Boone Lynn M. Butler Mrs. Joyce J. Coleman Kevin & Jill Ayres Jan P. & W. Brent Boore Eleanor Byrne Susan & Steve Collings Anita J. Babish Lehr Brisbin Glenda & Edward Cadorette Doris & Lonnie Collins James R. & Louise A. Bacon Nancy & Dale Boozer Frank & Sharon Caggiano Heather & Zac Collins Barbara G. Bailey Addie Mae Bordeaux Philip Caldwell Joshua & Heather Collins Judy & Lee Bailey, Jr. Mary Bosworth Carol A. Callahan Betty & Serena Colquhoun Mary S. Bailey Mr. & Mrs. Joseph Bouknight Anne & Bill Campbell Ronald H. & Phyllis D. Combs Elizabeth Baker, MD Elizabeth O. Bowie David & Sallie Campbell Paula & James Condon Phillip & Joan Baker Carole & Heyward Brabham Dianne & Bill Campbell Tina Conway Mr. & Mrs. Wm. A. Balk Brigitte Bradford James A. & Dorothy H. Campbell Stewart & Allison Cooner Peggy & Jess Ballentine, Jr. Sandra L. Bradford Connie Cannon Rhett G. Cooper, Jr. Gery Ballou William S. Bradham Peter J. & Pat A. Cannon Stephen Corboy Peter Banco E. Jane Bradley Carroll T. & Edward B. Cantey, Jr. C. & S. Courtwright Ken & Cheryl Banks D. & Lorena Bradshaw Mrs. J. Willis Cantey Cassie B. Cox Kathleen M. Baptiste Dr. C. Lynwood & Mr. & Mrs. James W. Cantey Rebecca D. Cox Julie & Chip Barbee Mrs. Sharon C. Bramlett Rebecca & Carey Capell Stephen & Lisa Cox Kathy Barber Beth Branham W.R. & Elizabeth S. Capen John L. Creson Mary Frances & Jim Barber, Jr. Richard & Becky Branham Ann S. Cargill Ashton Cribbs Roy W. Barber Lisa & Joe Brannigan, Jr. John M. Carithers Paul H. Crouch Karen & James Barker Darrell M. & William L. Brannon MD Rick & Sherryl Carlson Carlson Anne & Calvin Cruz Max L. & Lillian J. Barker Gerrald & Mildred Branton Jo Anna Carrie Paul Cullen Mary M. & B.T. Barnes, Jr. Leonard & Melvina Brazier Catherine W. Carroll T.R. Culler Harriet P. Barnwell D.J. & Thomas Breland Terry M. Carson Marion C. Culp Robert E. & Hilda D. Barnwell Mike & Julie Brenan Lynn F. Carter Joanne M. & David G. Cummings Jimmy & JoAnn Barry Drs. Timothy R. & Donna E. Bridges Nancy R. & James C. Carter Joan E. Cunningham M.F. & Joren S. Bartlett William W. & Frankie P. Bridges Michael & Laura Casdorph Dee & Steve Curlee Louise W. Barton Robert & Barbara Brillhart Virginia Cassell Kelli A. & D. Brian Currence Randy Basinger Dusty Broadway Martha L. & Joseph P. Cathou, Jr. James W. Curtis, Jr. Mechelle E. & C. Cole Bates Knut & Patricia Brockmann Jim & Margaret Catledge Tonya A. & Michael W. Curtis 20 22521 6/28/05 12:44 AM Page 21

Sibyl A. & Richard O. Cushman Florence A. & Timothy L. Evans, Sr. Tiffany & Gary Ginn Mrs. Georgia Hart Dr. & Mrs. R.T. Cutting Frank C. & Brenda Evans-Lee Sharon K. Gipson Jane Ann & Alan Otto Hart W. Cypriotis Beth D. & James A. Fagan, Jr. Lisa Gissendanner Laura & Leslie Harvel Shelley & Al Dabney, Jr. Deborah M. & Thomas G. Faison Steven & Donna Glassman Bill & Tami Haselden Bernard A. & Martha L. Daetwyler Truman & Kathryn Fallaw Melton S. & Margaret T. Glenn Mr. & Mrs. E.W. Haselden osity Judith Daly Rosemary Lambert & Paul G. & Sheila M. Goetowski J.W. Haskell Evelyn H. Daniel J. Thomas Falls, Jr. Annette M. Goldstein Lynne F. Hauptner hips J. Reese & Phyllis C. Daniel Tony & Angie Faulkner Laura T. Gonsalves Patricia A. Hayes Jerald & Cynthia Daniels Margaret T. Feagin Caitlin Gonzales Leslie Haynes Guthrie & Winona Darr Andy Fehl, Jr. Dr. Allan & Mrs. Martha Goodrich Suzanne T. & Michael S. Haynes MD Emily Davenport Barry & Jenny Feldman Sarah Goodwin Trevor H. & Jackie A. Haywood Robert G. & Jane T. Davidson Anthony J. & Hollie E. Felice Carole Gould Joseph M. Heikoff Mr. William H. Davidson II Hugh Fenzel Rebecca H. Gowans Edwin F. Heintz Dorothy R. & Keith E. Davis June D. Ferguson Earl & Pam Graham Roger C. & Anita W. Heiser H. Willard Davis Sue C. Ferguson Georgianna Graham Murray Helfer Harry A. Davis, Jr. MD Debra Ferrara James R. Graham Waddy & Pat Hellams Nancy D. Davis Robert V. Ferrell Faye & James Grahl Mrs. J. George Helman Pollyanna S. & Ivan V. Davis Monty Fetterolf Terry & Mary Ann Grainger Deneen Henderson Dr. & Mrs. Robert E. Davis, Jr. Harriet G. & Avery C. Fields, Sr. Heather A. Stewart & Nancy K. Hendrick Robert E. Davis John & Deidre Fischer Larry D. Grant G. Brian & Susan Z. Hendricks Linda C. & William Jackson Day, Jr. Earl T. Fisher, Jr. Amy R. & Robert G. Gray Karen Hendricks Monty & Ann Day Clyde W. Fitzgerald Sam & Jacquetta Gray Dr. R. Boyd & Mrs. Ann D. Hendrix Terry de la Paz Dianne & Robert Fladung Drs. Michael L. & Mr. & Mrs. Raymond L. Hendrix, Jr. Ann & Joey Dedman Ellen Flamholtz Sheila S. Graybeal Jose & Annie Hernandez Sandra & Phil Dee Richard & Donna Fleck Jack & Susan Graybill Ode & Suzanne Herzog Robert & Janet DeFee Richard & Sherri Fletcher Bob & Debby Greene H.C. & Judith S. Heyward Charmaine & William DeHass, Sr. M. Dale & Linda C. Floyd Harry B. & Phyllis S. Gregory Cynthia Hickman George & Mary DeLay Laura W. & Claus C. Foerster Harry B. Gregory, Jr. Norma M. & John J. Higgins Dee Dee Dell Bonnie T. Fogle Melanie & John Gregory Paul C. & Leigh C. Higgins Jennifer Dellacroce Marguerite F. Fogleman Ralph & Kathleen Gregory Jamie & Steven Highberger Jack & Diane Dell'Omo Jeff Folley Deborah & Larry Gresham Annie Bea Hightower Bubba & Whitney Demaurice Linda S. Ford Irene & Ursula Griesbach Joanna Hiller Dr. & Mrs. Ronnie W. Dennis Larry W. Forsyth Clay Griffin Chris Himes Robert & Barbara Derr Claire C. Fort Katheryne T. & Daisy K. Hinson Dianne Derrick Pat & Thomas N. Fortson, Jr. Christopher E. Griffin Brian & Natashia Hinz Laura B. & James W. Derrick, Jr. Carl A. Foster Mrs. Thomas E. Grimes, Jr. C.L. Hipp Warren & Ann Derrick Robert W. Foster Melinda Grizzell Cal & Donna Hodges Carrie & Jeffrey Dickey Richard Fowler Marvin & Faye Groomes Tommie Hoechst Ed & Dawn Diebold R.E. & P.D. Francklyn Presh Grooms Elizabeth M. Hoefer Bob & Lynn Diggle George S. & Allie E. Franke Sally & Joe Grooms Jewell G. Hoefer Sandy Dillard Robin Freeland Wendy D. & Nathan D. Groscost Donald J. & September D. Hoeler Kirk & Diane Dillon Fred Freeman Kathryn M .Grotzinger Edmund J. Hoffman Osmund W. & Barbara D. Dixon Palmer Freeman Julia E. Guess Martha W. & Dr. Alexander G. & Joyce L. & Otto W. Frei Emilie Guignard Thomas J. Holbrook, Jr. Mrs. Emma Lou Donald Susan & Jeffrey French Frank E. Gulley Sandra & Scott Holland Susan & Sean Douglas Jim & Terrie Friar Pat Gundler Jerry T. Hollis Jeff & Jo Dowdy Samuel E. & Jane B. Friedman Lanny Gunter Charles & Betty Holloway Martha B. Downie Wilhelm & Florence Frings Byron & Debby Hack Mr. & Mrs. James G. Holmes J.L. Downing Fern & Lou Frost Alan & Julie Hackett Mrs. James B. Hook Betty C. Dozier Jennifer & Mark Fuge Gabrielle & Lee Halfacre Stuart & Ruth Hope George & Steve Drew Nicole T. Fulmer George & Eileen Hallman Chandor Horton Nancy Drye Jeff & Rebecca Futrell Fred H. Hallock Tate Horton Theodore B. & Renee Gainer Mrs. Bela Hallosy Mary & Al Hoskins Margaret Anne DuBose Sandra & Kenwood Gaines Rosalie M. Hamilton Emily & Martha Howard Dorothea V. Dunbar Nancy Jay & Harvey L. Galloway Ronald Hammond Mary & Jerry Howard Ann Duncan Dianna B. Gantt Joyce M. & Robert E. Hampton L. Fuller Howle David W. Dunlap Larry M. & Janice M. Garosi Ms. Marian F. Hampton Bob & Gladys Hudgens Pat E. Durgin Debra Garrett J.T. & Theresa Hance MD John & Jennifer Hudson Pam & Glen Dwinnells Glenn E. Garvin, Sr. Carl Hansen Barbara L. Huether Dr. & Mrs. Joseph Kenyon East Candace S. & David T. Gates, Jr. Melanie & Randy Hansen Frank Hughes, Jr. Jean & Don Ebenhack Joey & Terry Gates Carolyn H. & George L. Hardee Rosa Hughes Dave & Peggy Ebert Theresa M. & Bernard S. Gaudi Amy & Michael Harding Michael David Hunter Mike & Susan Eckhart Wendy Gaul Pat & John Hare Jack S. & Marilyn R. Hupp Kathryn Edwards Kimberly E. Gearhart John & Rachel Harjes Cindy & Robert Hurst Bob & Terry Eickenberg Tonie S. Geddings Betty M. Harkins Jeff & Tawnya Hutchison Michelle Elisburg Wallis M. Geiger James Chadwick Harmon Anthony W. Hutto Esther M. & Robert B. Ellison, Jr. Chris Gentile Samuel E. & Barbara D. Harmon Gene R. Hutto Diana & E.J. Emkjer Mrs. Sam A. George Leslie Hanna Harper Dr. Christine E. Huzella Margaret P. & William P. Emmerich Samuel B. George II Vivian L. Harper Sara Hydrick William & Janice Emrich Robert & Elizabeth Germershausen Rosalind C. & Duncan K. Harps W. Glen & Verna Ikner Anne Enlow Teresa & Chris Gibbs Brunson & Debbie Harrell Susan & Jeff Ilsley Steve & Liz Entze Dalene & Grant Gibson Nancye G. Harrell Doris L. Irick Randy & Lanie Epting Mrs. Dory Gilbert's Mary S. Harris Evelyn S. & Harry P. Irwin, Jr. John & Diane Etters 1st Grade Class Don & Gail Harrison Richard C. Jablonski Kevin & Robin Abbott Eubanks Donald W. Gilliland Mollie Harrison Mr. John L. & Mrs. Leola Jackson Kay Evans Sharron & Eleonara Gillion Shelly & Van Harry Helen A. Jacobs 21 22521 6/28/05 12:44 AM Page 22

Mark & Monique Jacobs Mr. & Mrs. Sanford D. Koon James D. & Dorothy C. Manning Hazel P. Monteith Lorena C. James Daryl S Koscher A.S. Marchant Allen & Marcia Montgomery Peggy M. & Mary Janet Janicki Dr. Brent & Mrs. Roseann Krantz Mrs. Andrew B. Marion Bob & Barbara Moody Harry Jarrett Becky & Satch Krantz William H. Marion Karen E. Moody Dr. Ronald A. Javitch George Kreese Roberta Markel Jacki Moon Thomas W. & Jill C. Jeffers Patrick M. Kreiser Mylla F. & Robert E. Markland Mary C. & David W. Moon, Sr. Pam & Phil Jenkins J. Kross Charlotte Marshall Ellen M. Moore William & Marilyn Jenkins Robert & Caryl Kuchman Quitman & Jan Marshall John H. & Kathryn L. Moore Herbert & Jane Jervey Sandra L. Kuckuck Mr. & Mrs. C. Wallace Martin Dr. & Mrs. Nicholas Moore Vanashree & Kurt Jhaveri-Streeter Pamela B. Kurokawa David Martin Carola & Michael Morand Russell B. Johnikin Mark R. & Sally S. Kutyla Grover C. & Sue W. Martin Jessie Morgan Justin Johns Anthony & Tina Labrozzi Luther & Nancy Martin Bess & John Morris David T. Johnson Kirsten Lackstrom Thomas Martin Marla J. Morris Deborah & Dan Johnson Ruth E. Lackstrom Annabel & Sara Martinez McLendon G. Morris James & Kathy Chase Johnson Greg & Jerry Lamb Joel W. & Kim O. Masters Tommy & Gayle Morris Melvin Johnson, Jr. MD Dale & Brenda Lambert Tina & Wayne Mathews Kevin Morrow Oscar & Linda Johnson Lesley Lampert Harvey R Mathias Donna Moss Rebecca Johnson Sarah S. Lander Jean S. & J. Homer Mathias, Jr. Michelle Motchos Robert & Suzanne Johnson Elaine M. Lane Sharon B. & David J. Mattern John & Jill Moylan Dale & Nancy Johnston Helen D. Lanier Jo Ann Maurice H. Christian & Lucia I Mueller Donald Jonas Greg A. & Nancy C. Lapointe Linda Mayfield Robert & Lynne Muir Beth-Evans & Gordon L. Jones Paul & Dawn LaRosa Ann McAndrews Billy W. & Mary C. Mungo Bobbie & Sonny Jones Shelton Lattimore Chris & Christina McCarty Michael J. Mungo Doug & Linda Jones Eleanor W. Laude Robert E. McClintock Steven W. & Maria K. Mungo Karen & Rick Jones Pauline & George Lauderdale, Jr. Tonya E. McConnell Col. Edward A. Karen S Jones Joseph Lauziere Renee & Patrick McCormick & Mrs. Jeanette Munns Nellie & Howard Jones Dr. & Mrs. Glenn Lawhon, Jr. R.W. & Tonya B. McCormick Bob & Cathy Murphy Sue & Charles Jones, Jr. David A. & Mildred B. Lawson Mary & Duncan McCorquodale KiMonica Murray Susan L. Jones Jennifer & Stephen Lea M.L. & Sarah G. McCrory Ronald Myatich John E. & Stephanie A. Fitts Catherine Leach Jamie Y McCulloch Dr. Constance A. Myers Ronald M. & Arnette M. Jordan Maxy M. & Charles J. Lee II Dr. & Mrs. Ernest McCutcheon Herbert F Myers Sherilyn W. Jordan H.R. & Angela W. Lee Dr. & Mrs. F.D. McDonald Thad L. & Taylor O. Myers Ellen S. & Frank M. Joye, Jr. Karen Lehnert Mark & Laurie McDonald Linda & Rudolph Naddeo Craig & Margaret Jumper Theresa & Donnie LeJohn Thomas & Bridget McDonough Laurely K. & Luke A. Nance, Jr. Linda E. & Walter J. Jung, Jr. Judith & Ben Lemons Helen & Bill McDowell Dr. & Mrs. Kailash Narayan Sharon Kaminer MD James & Debra Lentz Russell McFarland V. James & Nancy Naso Jill V. & Lloyd M. Kapp, Jr. H. Jack & Hazel P. Leonard Mary Lees McGeary Jonathan H. & Leigh M. Nason Susan D. Kay Lynda & Dave Leopard Mildred McGregor Brenda B. & Ernest J. Nauful, Jr. William R. Keane Edward C. Lerner Kathryn H. McGrew Joanne W. Neese Sarah Keen Eleanor A. Lewis Renee Givens McHenry Kenneth A. & Linda C. Nelson Frances C. & E.W. Keller, Jr. Tommy J. & Lisa J. Lewis Bob McIlwain Dr. Francis & Mrs. Mary Neuffer Grace Keller Mr. & Mrs. Lloyd S. Liles William A. & Joyce G. McInnis Curt R. & Susan O. Neville Jamie T. & W. David Keller Elizabeth Ann Lindler Richard & Jean Burke McIntyre Loretta & George Newman Grace Kelly Rea Lindler Douglas McKay, Jr. Meredith Newman Kitty Kelly Jeanne M. Lirola Elizabeth & Julius McKay Herbert & Eleanor Niestat Tommy Kemp Mary & Bill Littrell Janet McKissick J. Wm. Noeltner Lorene Kennard Dempsey M. & Vera E. Lively Elwood E. & Eleanor S. McLeod Alice I. Nolte Kathryn J. & J. Ross Kennedy, Jr. Robert & Rave Livingston Catherine & Keith McLeod, Jr. Karen & James Norman Julia & Jerry Kennedy Joseph D. Lojewski David & Keely McMahan Malcolm L. & Jatana H. Norris Cathy & Art Kepes Fred S. & Barbara B. Long Susan & Jim McNair Mr & Mrs. C. Hardy Oliver, Jr. Margaret M. Kerr Julie Long Margot McNally Kathy Olson Paige Key Tina R. Long Al & Linda McNeill Rita O'Reilly Justin & Kristine Kidder Dr. & Mrs. Carl H. Lopez Ingrid McReynolds Virginia & Benny Osment, Jr. Richard & Lore Kidder Elizabeth C. Lovelace W. Scott & Celia M. Means Mike & Carol Osteen M.M. Kight E. Hewett Lovvorn Erick & Cassandra Means Lee & Thomas Otis Mary Kinard Elizabeth C. & Robert H. Lovvorn, Jr. Michael & Adele Mecionis Anne & Troy Otto Paulette & Richard Kindler Ken Lowden James J. Meetze Dan & Caroline Overcash Dr. Charles King Dorothy H. Lowman William Mellin Ms. Dorothy G. Owen Chip & Dene King Hanno zur Loye Laurie E. & Chip E. Melton Mr. & Mrs. Franklyn D. Owen III Judy P. King Karen L. Lucas Frank & Bernice Meredith Mr. & Mrs. G. William Owen Terry A. & Wanda T. King Stephanie W. & Tim E. Lucas Tommy Meredith, III Jeanne Owen Angie B. & Fred L. Kingsmore, Jr. Alexander V. Lunev Lee & Emily Mikell Edward J. Owens, Jr. Cynda Kirk Cheryl Lutz Andrea F. Miller Paul Pabst Richard & Connie Klaus William Lynn Joe H. & Margaret M. Miller Marcia Tyler Padgett Marie Kleckley Kerri & James MacDonell Lisa Miller Jeane Page James L. & Martha R. Klemm Dr. George S. Mack Mary G. Miller Cindi Palmer Malcolm Kling Daniel S. & Sylvia T. MacNeill Michael Miller Jeanne Y. Palyok Jay & Mike Klinker Doug & Kelly Mahan Sherry & Kurt Miller Christian & Jami Paquette Will Knight JoAnn Major Victor E. Millings III Susan Paquette Marion A. Knox Lester & Tawni Major Lynne Mimeault Mr. & Mrs. James C. Park Marianne & Walter Kochanski Happy & Greg Malcom Michael & Debra Mims Jon & Lori Parker Lang & Kevin Kohel James & Claudia Maloney Joseph & Donna Miranda Richard Parker Hal & Charlotte Kohn Carl & Julia Ann Manheim Lisa Mirra Linda C. Parks Betty B. Kolarich Thomas & Nancy Mann Eva C. Mitchener Lyn K. & Blair E. Parks Todd Kolb Wanda Mann Nell & Robert Mobley Jeffrey & Jennifer Parsons Ethel M. Koon Leah P. & William M. Mannel Kim & Mark Montalbano Jeffrey & Jessica Patterson 22 22521 6/28/05 12:44 AM Page 23

Mrs. Roy Pearce Cindy Roberts Charles J. & Edith W. Siniard Robert D. Straw Arthur H. Peavy Forrest & Carol Sue Roberts Margot Sisario Sara Stringfellow John A. & Barbara D. Pecca James & Jacquelyn Robey Steven & Patricia Sisney Caroline & John Strobel Mr. & Mrs. David M. Peden Mrs. David W. Robinson Jeremy & Shannon Skidmore Wally & Barbara Strong Lavinia Peltosalo Earl & Fern Rodman Daphne Skipper Katharine Struthers Arden & J. Roy Pennell, Jr. Dr. & Mrs. Rich Rogers Gwen & Malcolm Skipper, Sr. Richard W. & Hattie K. Sturkie Dennis M. & Karen J. Pensmith Ronald & Hannah Rogers Harold F. Slawson Joanne C. & Stephen R. Suggs Cynthia Perthou Dr. & Mrs. Lannie C. Rogerson Heyward Slice W.F. Sullivan Stephanie Petit Curt & Donna Rone Dr. & Mrs. Charles R. Sloan Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Sumwalt, Jr. Karl & Ella Pfaehler Jennifer Lynn Rone Daniel B. & Julia M. Smigay Lesly & Alan Sundheimer Rebecca Phillips Dr. Jennifer R. Root Dorothy Smiley Tom & Sandra Surratt Regina & Wynn Phillips, Jr. Stephen Rose Allen C. Smith Gray & Rob Swingle Richard & Lee Phillips Elizabeth I. Rosefield Billy G. Smith Cora Lee Swink Sandy Phillips Diane L. & Richard A. Roshto Brian & Jo Ellen Smith Dorothy & Ron Swinson, Jr. Edwin P. & M. Melissa T. Pia Terry Ross Charles F. & Jane F. Smith Robert & Barbara Switter John W. & Charlotte W. Pierce Dr. & Mrs. Thomas C. Rowland, Jr. Eric Smith Rose Marie Szadek Joseph F. Pirola Jr. Lucie C. Roy Cdr. E.T. & Mrs. Judith L. Smith Jane & James Taft Dr. John & Mrs. Margaret Pitner Chad Rubin Eva & Chris Smith Eric & Kim Tappa Mary Pittenger Jennifer W. & Hyman S. Rubin III Mrs. George L. Smith Janet R. Tarrant Helen & Frederick Pohl Roger & Delores Rucker Nina & James E. Smith, Sr. Christy F. & Kenneth T. Taucher Glenyis Polston Gene & Charlotte Rudisill Mrs. James J. Smith Charles W. Taylor Steve & Anita Popluhar Chris & Patsy Ruff John & Jean Smith Darren Taylor John W. Popp Salbador & Eva Ruiz Mary Catherine Smith Dr. & Mrs. Edmund R. Taylor Jim Porter Tim & Deborah Rush Michael S. Smith Nelson & Margaret Taylor Nikki Porth Andrew & Mary Ryan Patti Smith Stephaney Taylor Susan Porth Dr. T.A. Ryan Dr. & Mrs. Robert E. Smith, Jr. John R. & Karen G. Teal Suzette Porth Tamara Ryan Sharon Smith Faye M. & Jeffrey A. Tenhover Emanuel Poston, Jr. Fran & John Sadler, Jr. Steve Smith Don & Judy Terrell Karen C. & Steven C. Pounds Ron & Judy Saeger Thomas E. Smith William & Beth Tetterton Eve Powell Robert G. Sakara Todd Smith Annemarie O. Theilen Floyd E. & Hazel E. Powell John K. Samide Tony P. & Teri T. Smith E. Frances Thomas J. Key & Ann P. Powell Ashley & Tim Samuels Harry F. Smithson Mac & Sharon Thomas Michael Powell Betty C. & Ray A. Sansbury Sally Smyrl Margaret F. Thomas Paul Powell Ida H Satterwhite Mark & Melinda Snelgrove Georgia B. Thomason Owen Powers Jr. Stephanie Saunders Patricia & Brewston Snelgrove Bud M. & Ruth C. Tibshrany Dr. Prakash Prabhu Frank J. Sauro Terry & Trish Snider Cathy & Harold Tillett Margaret B. & Jesse P. Pratt II Stephen T. & Jennifer C. Savitz Elizabeth Snuggs Charles Sarah B. & Kenneth W. Timmerman M.C. Prentice Nancy & Jay Schabacker Karl & Patricia Snyder Andy & Janice Timms Heather & Brad Presnal Tori Schaefer Victoria Socha Helmut J. & Julie L. Tissler Doris W. & Alfred A. Price, Jr. Charles D. & Blanche D. Schaeffer Sangeeta & Syneeta Sohoni Charles R. & Irene M. Tracy Brenda Price Charles & Barbara Schaming Leigh Ann & Jamie Spell Michael & Myran Morgan Trask Dr. Charles & Mrs. Helen Propst Susan & Paul Scheno Charles & Mary Spencer Barbara Travis Henry & Helen Puckhaber Wendy D. & Terry K. Schmoyer, Jr. Diane R. Spires Barbara Traynham Karin Puczkowski Diane L Schrader Mr. & Mrs. Lowell C. Spires, Jr. Jill Trefz Bettye & David Pullen John L. Schrenk Bob & Debbie Spratlin Paul & Grace Trefz Rickey & Jo Ann Purnell Meyer & Martha Anne Schwartz John & Ruth Sproat Liston & Betty Truesdale Patti Putnam Blynn Boyd & Nancy M. Scott Mr. & Mrs. Richard J. Stachelek Theodore M. Tsolovos Betty Quave Bernice & Larry Scott, Jr. Jan & Mike Stamps Dr. H.W. Tucker Leona D. & Gordon S. Query Victor P. & Betty L. Scott Dr. Jimmy & Mrs. Peggy Stands Eleanor & Bob Tunell Wayne & Marie Raab Al & Lilla Scroggins Kristen Stanko Helen Tupper A.P. Ramage Errol Seegers Kathy Stankovics Kris & Dale Turney Brian Ramsey Amanda Segura Harold L. & Pamela S. Starr Fred E. Turnipseed Charlotte & Scott Rankin Mary H. Selby Walter & Debra Maio Steading Debbie & Joe Tyler John C. & Lynn T Rawl Buster & Teenie Senn Jennifer & Time Stec E. Kathleen Tyler Christopher Ray Rita Gillen Sewell Robert & Marie Stedman Dr. David Uden Valerie Ray Lu Lynn G. Sexton Dr. James C. & Mrs. Marie T. Steele Marianna Uszkay Gladys B. & Arthur N. Raynor Alma & Thomas Sharpe M.L. Steely-Judice Spiro C. Vallis Larry Reagan Karen E. Sharpe Lloyd Steeves Margaret W. van Bulck Harold E. Ream Deborah Shaw Daun C. Steigner Cheryl & Ernest Van Horn Gene & Nancy Reeder Judith V. & Henry Shaw, Jr. Delores & Wallace Steinhauser Thomas & Mary Van Sistine Alexander & Mary Reeser C. Brent & Kim Shealy William A. & Gwen H. Steinmeyer James P. & Virginia B. Vaughan Annie Kathleen Reid Mr. J. Carroll Shealy L.F. & Sally S. Stephens Donald D. & Beverly P. Vaughn Susan Reno Pope & Lois Shealy Dr. Philip & Mrs. Pam Steude Jocelyn F. & Gary E. Veit Margaret S. Rentz Susan & Karl Shealy Laura M. & Albert A. Stevens Paul Vella Robert & Haide Resseguie Jay & Heli Shelley John R. & Mattie S. Stevenson Ethel J. & Felicia D. Vereen Holly Whiteley Ressler Laura & Richard Shick Lisa Stewart F.J. & W. Vernberg Doris R. Reynolds Robert & Suzanne Shimp Mark J. & Margaret L. Stewart Col. Donne D. Viau Elizabeth & Edward Reynolds, Jr. Ronald Stanley Shivers Richard & Shelley Stewart Margaret A. Vitiello Jackie & Ben Reynolds Mr. H. Perry Shuping Jennings B. & Nancy G. Stiltner Lynne C. & Regan E. Voit William P. Reynolds Kelly & Sarah Shuptrine H. Talcott Stith, Jr. Anna M. Volp Nate & Winona Rhodes Nancy & John Sides Robert M. & Carole J. Stone Sandra B. Waddell Mary & Jay Rickman, Sr. Gracie & Jerrell Simon M. Bert Storey Laurie & Ken Walden Wendy & Jay Rickman Debbie & Brad Simpson Steve Storick Ashley & Nicole Walker Davy-Jo S. Ridge Ted & Harriet Simpson Carol & Tom Stork Mr. & Mrs. Claude M. Walker Lori R. & W. Keith Ritter Elaine B. & William M. Simpson, Jr. Elizabeth A. Stoudenmire Lawrence D. & Kaytera E. Walker Jamie Robbins Allan J. & Sophie P. Sindler Todd & Kristi Strange Robert C. & Sara B. Walker 23 22521 6/28/05 12:45 AM Page 24

Shannon Walker James D. & Vicki D. Zakian PBR Columbia, LLC Bill & Joanna Walkup Regina Zaucha Pepsi Bottling Group Craig & Emily F.Wall Lawrence Zivkovich Pierce Terrace School David Wallace Dr. Peter & Mrs. Debbie Zvejnieks Pineview Elementary School Dorothy & Alan Waln Professional Printers Kent D. & Betty E. Walters Business and Corporate Donors: Regions Bank Richard E. & Suzanne L. Ward 17th Military Police Detachment Robert Mondavi Corporation Jan & Vicki Warner Abacus Planning Group, Inc. SCANA Corporation/SCE&G Jeffrey A & Mary B. Watford Advanced Fertility SCANA Strategic Sourcing Joe F. Watson Aiken Bird Club Solectron South Carolina Michael & Virginia Watson Aiken Woman's Club South Carolina Veterinary Assoc. William J. & Susan A. Watt Alabama Theatre Southern Anesthesia & Surgical, Inc. Dr. Richard & Mrs. Revera Wayburn Aramark Facilities Services Southern Wine & Spirits Maxine Weathersby Ascension Hospice SouthTrust Bank Joseph M. & Caroline P. Weaver Bank of America The Spartanburg County Foundation Melanie & Greg Webb BB&T Spartanburg Garden Club Council Hans & Edith Wedeking BellSouth Spring Beauty Garden Club Jerry W. & Robert A. Weise Ben-Arnold Sunbelt Square D Company/ James S. & Ceille Baird Welch Blanchard Machinery Company Schneider Electric Margie Welch Blue Cross/Blue Shield St. Andrews Woman's Club Bob Wells BOSE Corporation Sterling Garden Center thank you! Fred E. & Evelyn A. Wells Brownie Troop 183 - Hartsville SC Time Warner Cable Mr. & Mrs. Jerry F. Wells, Jr. Budweiser of Columbia Twin Rivers Lawncare & Landscaping Kay D. & David J. Wells, Jr. Capital Wine & Beverage Dist. Co. Wachovia Foundation Rene & Michael Wells Carolina First Wal-Mart Stacie & Eric Wessinger The Cat Clinic, Inc. Walter P Rawl & Sons, Inc. Bill Westerkam Caterpillar Inc. Precision Pin Products Wilson/Kibler, Inc. Danny & Mandy Westerkam Central Carolina Michael & Julie Weston Community Foundation Alton H. & Christine S. Whetsell Century 21 Bob Capes Realtors Susan Whitaker Charleston Carriage Company help support Our Mission Henry J. & Donna E. White Colite International, Ltd. Maynard L. Whitehouse Colonial Supplemental Insurance Carol E. Whitsett Columbia Garden Club Contributions to Riverbanks Society provide Charles & Margaret Wickenberg Contract Construction, Inc. support for key projects at Riverbanks Zoo & Erin M. & Peter M. Wiedel Cooper Power Tools Barbara Wieringa Crape Myrtle Garden Club Garden, ranging from building exhibits and Carey Wiles Davidson,Morrison & improving habitats to assisting with medical care Roger C. Wiles Lindemann, P.A. Mr. Robert P. & Mrs. Rose Wilkins DayBreak Adult Care Services, Inc. and supporting conservation research. You can Gay R. Wilkinson Dirty Diggers make a difference by contributing to one of our Amanda & Hoyt Williams Doctors Care fundraising programs: Chris & Barbara Williams Dogwood Garden Club Dr. & Mrs. Eddie M. Williams III Embassy Suites Hotel,Columbia SC George Williams Jr. First Community Bank Annual Fund Melinda H. & James O. Williams, Jr. Frank's Quality Service BB&T Clinic for Jon & Mary Williams G&H Mail Service Linda J. Williams Garden Club of SC - West Sandhills Raptors and Endangered Species Roger I. & Janis M. Williams Garden Trail Garden Club Carousel Animal Sponsorship George A. Willis The Great Frame Up Classroom Critter Sponsorship Lynn & Marsh Willis Hair Works, LLC Maxine & John Wills III Harley Haven Community Partners Robin Wilmott Hillcrest Garden Club Conservation Support Fund Holly & Ron Wilson Honda Cars of Columbia Event Sponsorship Mr. Jeremy & Mrs. Maura Wilson Iris Garden Club John N. & Dorothy F. Wilson Jim Hudson Luxury Cars, Inc. Giving Tree Wes Wilson John Harris Body Shop Honorary or Memorial Gifts Mrs. Virginia C. Winfield Land Rover Library Wish Fund Bob Wingard Lang-Mekra North America LLC Marjorie H. & Judson H. Wingard Lizard's Thicket Matching Gifts Levan Jesse & Tommie Hall Wingate Loxcreen Company, Inc. Rocker and Glider Sponsorship Tina H. Winter Mac Papers Sabal Palmetto Sponsorship Cheryl Wissick Macy's Lisa Witcher Mattox Electric Co., Inc. Silverback Society Planned Giving Program Clairee & Lance Woodley McNair Law Firm, PA Wild Parent Sponsorship Betsy Woodward Midland Mortgage Dick & Bert Woodward Midlands Technical College Sarah Wooten Mungo Homes For more information on how you can help make a Gary & Michele Worth Nexsen Pruet difference at Riverbanks, call 803.779.8717 x1240, Dagmar Wunderlich North Lake Construction Co., Inc. Michelle Wyatt Novinger QTR Consulting email [email protected] William E. Wyrick Orangeburg Soil & Water or visit www.riverbanks.org Eveline H. Yancey Consrvation District and click on Support the Journey. Cathy Yeadon Osceola Foundation Mr. Robert & Mrs. Roslyn Young Palmetto Citizens Federal Credit Union Butch Yowler Park Seed Wholesale 24 22521 6/28/05 12:45 AM Page 25

Satch Krantz 2005 Global Vision Award Recipient

Palmer “Satch” Krantz, Executive Director of Riverbanks Zoo and Garden, has been named as the Columbia World Affairs Council’s 2005 Global Vision Award recipient. The Global Vision Award is a prestigious annual award designed to recognize an individual, organization or business that has demonstrated a vision toward the advancement of international affairs in South Carolina and has helped to expand South Carolina’s international horizons. This year’s Global Vision Award Gala will take place on Wednesday, November 2, at the Marriott Hotel. Corporate table and individual ticket reservations may be made by calling 803.252.2197. For more information, visit www.columbiawac.org.

Satch Krantz’s name will be added to the list of distinguished previous recipients including Senator Fritz Hollings, Ambassador and Governor John C. West, Governors Carroll Campbell and Robert McNair, Major General Charles F. Bolden, Ambassadors Richard Walker and Philip Lader, Mr. Fred Monk, Mr. Jasper Salmond, and the South Carolina State Ports Authority.

A native of Columbia and graduate of Dreher High School, Satch received a Bachelor of Science degree in zoology from Clemson University in December 1972 and began working at the zoo in January 1973, over a year before it actually opened. He was named Riverbanks' executive director in April 1976.

Satch has been very active in professional and civic affairs. He is one of only three American zoo directors to have served as president of both the American Zoo and Aquarium Association and the World Zoo Organization.

Library wish list

iverbanks staff members have included the following books on their wish lists for the Library Wish Fund. R (All the books needed by the Zoo & Garden are not shown here. For a complete listing, call the number below.) Modern Algae Control Secrets $11 Ethics, Animals & Science $54 Gardener’s Guide to Growing Salvias $16 Amphibians & Reptiles of Malaysia $65 Art of Being a Lion $18 Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals $90 Hippeastrum, the Gardener’s Amaryllis $25 Anatomy of Reptiles $100 Continuous Bloom $29 Handbook of Bird Biology $100 Conservation Biology $30 Veterinary Pathophysiology $100 Life at the Zoo $30 Birds of Venezuela $110 Aquarium Corals $35 Physicians Desk Reference, 2005 $100 Encyclopedia of Water Garden Plants $35 Health & Care of Captive Reptiles $140 Encyclopedia of Falconry $45 Principles of Fish Nutrition $135 Color Encyclopedia of Cape Bulbs $45 Manual of Diagnostic Tests & Vaccines $190 Keeping & Breeding Leaf-tailed Geckoes $45 Birds of the World $185 Endemic Cichlids of Madagascar $50 Encyclopedia of Aquaculture $425 Guide to the Reptiles of Pakistan $50 To donate, or for a complete list of books available for sponsorship, please contact the Riverbanks Society Office at 803.779.8717 x1240 or x1111, or email us at [email protected]. Help make a wish come true! 25 22521 6/28/05 12:45 AM Page 26

Riverbanks Fall Bulb Sale

Saturday, November 5, 9am to 2pm Botanical Garden Visitors Center On the Terrace

DAFFODILS Check out this special selection of daffodils. These are some of our top choices – great for the Brighten up your garden South Carolina climate! with Riverbanks’ finest 10 bulbs/bag selection of spring bulbs! Narcissus ‘Jack Snipe’ Medium-sized white flowers with Complete and return the recurved white petals and a yellow cup. order form today, and you’ll (Mid-season, 8–10”) $6.00 have first choice on these premium bulbs. Shipping costs are an additional Narcissus ‘Gigantic Star’ 10% of the total order or a A yellow daffodil that has gigantic (hence the name) flowers. Very fragrant. minimum charge of $5 and a (Early, 18–24”) $5.00 maximum of $25, but you can save money, packaging and time by planning to pick up Narcissus ‘Orangery’ your advance order on Unusual looking daffodil. Creamy yellow petals with a split orange cup the day of the sale. that lays flat against the petals. Large Your order will be ready flowers. (Mid-season, 16”) $6.00 and waiting for you! Of course, there will also be Narcissus ‘Slim Whitman’ bulbs available on the day of Creamy white petals with a large, the sale if you prefer to do slightly ruffled yellow-orange cup. (Mid-season, 16–18”) $5.00 your shopping in person. For more information, contact Melodie Leach at 803.779.8717 x1129 or Narcissus ‘Spellbinder’ Yellow trumpet-type daffodil. [email protected] Trumpet turns white after flower opens. (Mid-season, 16–18”) $5.00

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Narcissus ‘Tahiti’ Tulipa ‘Kees Neeli’ Wild-looking daffodil with multiple Blood red flowers with yellow-orange layers of soft yellow petals. Orange edging. A definite conversation piece. segments in the middle. Very showy. $4.00 (Late, 14–16”) $5.00

Narcissus ‘Peeping Tom’ Tulipa ‘Negrita’ Extremely long lasting yellow daffodil. Purple blooms that are great when Long, slender trumpet that flares at the combined with other colors. end. Recurved petals. (Mid-season, 14–16”) $5.00 (Mid-season, 14–16”) $7.00

Narcissus ‘Hillstar’ Tulipa ‘Ballade’ Jonquill type with yellow petals and a Reddish magenta flower edged in white halo surrounding ivory white white. Yellow base. (Late, 18–26”) cups. 2-3 flowers per stem. $5.00 (Mid-season, 14–16”) $9.00

Narcissus ‘Accent’ Tulipa ‘Madame Lefeber’ Pure white petals with a large pink Fiery red flower. A true show stopper cup. You’ve got to love a pink daffodil. in the garden. Also known as (Mid-season, 14–16”) $6.00 ‘Red Emperor’. (Early, 16-18”) $4.00

TULIPS Even though they are annuals in the South, tulips are a SPECIES TULIPS sure sign that spring is on its way. These varieties are Perennial tulips? Yes, it’s true. These varieties will certain to brighten up your garden. 10 bulbs/bag bring joy to your garden year after year. 20 bulbs/bag

Tulipa ‘Shirley’ Tulipa clusiana ‘Cynthia’ Ivory white with small purple edge Mid-season bloom. and pale purple spotting. Red petals with chartreuse edges. (Mid-season, 16–18”) $4.00 Purple base. (8–10") $5.00

Tulipa ‘Heart’s Delight’ Tulipa clusiana var. chrysantha Red exterior, edged in pale rose. Red exterior, bright yellow interior. Interior is pale rose. Golden yellow (8–10") $5.00 base. Interesting mottled leaves. (Early, 8”) $5.00

Tulipa ‘Golden Apeldoorn’ Tulipa ‘Lady Jane’ Golden-yellow flower with a black Petals are red with a white edge. interior base. Flower opens to a white interior. (Mid-season, 18–20”) $4.00 One of last year’s best sellers. (8–10") $10.00

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CRINUMS Nectaroscordum siculum ssp. bulgaricum An old-time treasure in the Southern garden. One Many pendulous, greenish white florets of the most durable & reliable bulbs you will ever on each flower stalk. Blooms in late find. 1 bulb/ bag spring. Great cut flower. Often referred to as Allium siculum. Crinum ‘Powellii’ 10 bulbs/bag–$4.00 Pink trumpet-shaped flowers. Great beginner crinum. $8.00 Crocus ‘Flower Record’ Large-flowered crocus about 6” tall. Flowers in late winter. Great for mass planting. Crinum ‘Summer Nocturne’ 20 bulbs/bag–$4.00 Compact, clump forming Crinum with cream colored flowers and lavender tips. Fragrant. Rapidly offsets. $20.00 Arum italicum Green and white variegated foliage in Crinum ‘Elizabeth Traub’ winter, followed by a flower and clusters Robust plant with flower scapes up to of red berries borne on a single stalk. 4’ tall. Dark rose-pink flowers with Great for shade! white throats. 10 bulbs–$8.00 $20.00

Hyacinthus ‘Fondant’ Crinum ‘Regina’s Disco Lounge’ Large pink flower. Extremely fragrant. White flowers with light blush-pink (Mid-season, 10”) stripe down the center of each petal. 10 bulbs–$6.00 A Riverbanks classic! $25.00

Hyacinthus ‘Blue Jacket’ Large dark blue flower with purple striping. Extremely fragrant. (Mid-season, 10”) 10 bulbs–$6.00 MISCELLANEOUS BULBS These bulbs are some of our favorites at Riverbanks.

Scilla peruviana Tritellia ‘Queen Fabiola’ Blooms in spring with a sapphire blue, Blue bell-like flowers appear in late baseball-sized, 18” tall flower. spring. Needs good summer drainage. Space 12” apart. Great cut flowers. (18-24”) 3 bulbs/bag–$10.00 20 bulbs/bag–$4.00

Allium schubertii Leucojum aestivum Vollyball-sized globe that has a Pendulous white flowers in mid-spring. rose/purple flower. Makes a great dried Great for naturalizing or planting flower. Try spray painting the dried en masse. Will take light shade. (15”) flower for decoration! (12”) 10 bulbs/bag–$5.00 3 bulbs/bag–$4.00

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ORDER FORM – RIVERBANKS FALL BULB SALE – NOVEMBER 5, 2005 Name______Shipping Address______Pick up Nov 5 ______Pick up Nov 10 ______Have order shipped Daytime Telephone Number______

DAFFODILS # Bulbs per bag Price per bag # Bags Total Narcissus ‘Jack Snipe’ 10 6.00 Narcissus ‘Gigantic Star’ 10 5.00 Narcissus ‘Orangery’ 10 6.00 Narcissus ‘Slim Whitman’ 10 5.00 Narcissus ‘Spellbinder’ 10 5.00 Narcissus ‘Tahiti’ 10 5.00 Narcissus ‘Peeping Tom’ 10 7.00 Narcissus ‘Hillstar’ 10 9.00 Narcissus ‘Accent’ 10 6.00 TULIPS Tulipa ‘Shirley’ 10 4.00 Tulipa ‘Heart’s Delight’ 10 5.00 Tulipa ‘Golden Apeldoorn’ 10 4.00 Tulipa ‘Kees Neeli’ 10 4.00 Tulipa ‘Negrita’ 10 5.00 Tulipa ‘Ballade’ 10 5.00 Tulipa ‘Madame Lefeber’ 10 4.00 SPECIES TULIPS Tulipa clusiana ‘Cynthia’ 20 5.00 Tulipa clusiana var. chrysantha 20 5.00 Tulipa ‘Lady Jane’ 20 10.00 CRINUMS Crinum ‘Powellii’ 1 8.00 Crinum ‘Summer Nocturne’ 1 20.00 Crinum ‘Elizabeth Traub’ 1 20.00 Crinum ‘Regina’s Disco Lounge’ 1 25.00 MISCELLANEOUS BULBS Scilla peruviana 3 10.00 Allium schubertii 3 4.00 Nectaroscordum siculum ssp. bulgaricum 10 4.00 Crocus ‘Flower Record’ 20 4.00 Arum italicum 10 8.00 Hyacinthus ‘Fondant’ 10 6.00 Hyacinthus ‘Blue Jacket’ 10 6.00 Tritellia ‘Queen Fabiola’ 20 4.00 Leucojum aestivum 10 5.00 (State sales tax is included in price of bulbs) Bulb Order Total Shipping $5 Minimum or 10% of order Shipping May we substitute similar bulbs if necessary? Yes_____ No____ ORDER TOTAL Orders accepted up to October 24, 2005 Method of Payment: (Payment is due with order) Mail to: Cash___Check___MC___VISA___AMEX___Discover___ Riverbanks Bulb Sale PO Box 1060 Card Number______Columbia, SC 29202-1060 Expiration Date______Questions: 803.779.8717 x1129 Name On Card______email - [email protected] (please print) or visit www.riverbanks.org Signature______Check(s) payable to: Riverbanks Zoo & Garden

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WILD THINGS SAFARI 2005 Band together with your friends and join us at Riverbanks for A Caravan Through Ancient Egypt Saturday, October 1, 7-11pm $75 members, $85 nonmembers – Tickets will be available August 1. All proceeds will support the restoration of the Riverbanks baboon exhibit.

Sponsorship opportunities available. Call 803.779.8717 x1115.

Riverbanks society Non-Profit Org. U.S. Postage P.O. Box 1060 PAID Columbia, SC 29202-1060 Columbia, S.C. 2005 Permit No. 90 annual bulb sale page 26