Rhodesiana 18
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The birth of a lifeline ... Seventy-one years ago, on 4th November, 1897, due to the untiring efforts of our Pioneers, the first train to enter Rhodesia arrived at Bulawayo, thus Rhodesia's lifeline was born. Rhodesia Railways are proud of their part played in the advancement of Rhodesia. Today, in 1968 we continue to serve the nation, providing a vital link in the economic growth and stability of our country. RHODESIANA Publication No. 18 — July, 1968 THE RHODESIANA SOCIETY Salisbury Rhodesia CONTENTS Page FOREWORD, BY SIR ROBERT TREDGOLD xi MEMOIRS OF D. G. GISBORNE: OCCUPATION OF MATA- BELELAND, 1893 . 1 "WHITE MAN'S CAMP", BULAWAYO. BY O. N. RANSFORD .. 13 HENRY BORROW: PIONEER AND HERO, BY D. HARTRIDGE. 22 THE BURIAL OF CECIL RHODES, BY J. CHARLES SHEE .. .. 37 THE RAILWAY COMES TO BULAWAYO, BY LOUIS W. BOLZE 47 MUSEUM BUILDINGS IN BULAWAYO, 1900 TO 1968, BY ROGER SUMMERS 85 THE TREES OF OLD BULAWAYO, BY G. L. GUY 90 A FURTHER NOTE ON THE BATTLE OF SHANGANI, BY R. L. MOFFAT 95 RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES 101 NOTES ' 103 CORRESPONDENCE 107 REVIEWS 114 FINANCIAL STATEMENT 124 LIST OF MEMBERS OF RHODESIANA SOCIETY 125 The cover picture is from a map of southern Africa of 1590, by Filippo Pigafetta. (National Archives) ix The Rhodesiana Society The Society exists to promote Rhodesian historical studies and to encourage research. It also aims to unite all who wish to foster a wider appreciation and knowledge of the history of Rhodesia. There is no entrance fee; the subscription is £1 10s. Rhodesian currency ($5 USA) a year, and this entitles paid-up members to those numbers of Rhodesiana issued during the year. There are two issues in each year, dated July and December. For further information and particulars concerning member ship, please write to: The Honorary Secretary, Rhodesiana Society, P.O. Box 8268, Causeway, Salisbury, Rhodesia. Subscriptions should be sent to the Hon. Secretary. Manuscripts will be welcomed by the Editor (P.O. Box H.G. 221, Highlands, Rhodesia); they should preferably be typed in double spacing and be complete with any illustrations. Copies of published works for review will also be welcomed. Committee Members H. A. Cripwell, Chairman Colonel A. S. Hickman, M.B.E., Deputy Chairman M. J. Kimberley, Honorary Secretary F. A. Staunton, Honorary Treasurer W. V. Brelsford, Editor E. E. Burke B. J. M. Foggin, M.B.E., M.V.O. Dr. R. C. Howland R. Isaacson B. W. Lloyd D. T. Low G. H. Tanser R. W. S. Turner, Membership and Advertising x FOREWORD by The Rt. Hon. Sir Robert Tredgold, PC, KCMG. QC, LL.B. Rhodesiana has already established a name for itself—not only in this country but beyond its borders—and its periodic publication is awaited with interest and the assurance that it will contain much that is valuable and relevant to the historical record of events that were important in the building up of Rhodesia. It is most fitting therefore that, as Bulawayo passes another milestone in its history, Rhodesiana should mark the event by devoting a number to matters having a direct bearing on that city. Indeed it is a matter of special interest that so many of the most colourful and stirring occurrences in our history have associations with Bulawayo and with the adjacent areas: the land of one of the greatest of the black kings; the scene of the first settlement of the white man north of the Limpopo; the stamping ground of legendary hunters and adventurers; the field of testing battles cul minating in a romantic peacemaking; then the steady growth of a modern city in the space of a man's lifetime. When we look around us we see in Bulawayo a splendid memorial to the work of many men. They would be well content that that memorial should stand anonymous. But we who follow after owe it to them, and to ourselves, that we should pause at this special point in our march to think of all that they achieved and all that they have handed on to us, lest we fail them and the things for which they stood. xi Memoirs of D. G. Gisborne Occupation of Matabeleland 1893 We left Salisbury on the 5th September, 1893, and arrived at Charter on the 10th of that month. There we found 50 horses awaiting us. On the 22nd September a further 109 horses arrived, and 34 more were ordered from Salis bury—these arrived a few days later. Finch, Carden and McKenzie were sent down to Victoria for more horses, and the party returned on the 1st October with another 22. Dr. Jameson arrived in camp, having travelled by post-cart, on the 30th September. General parade was held at 10 a.m. on the same day; and Dr. Jameson returned to Victoria, by post-cart, the same night at 12 p.m. The Columns left Charter at 2 p.m. on Monday the 2nd October, marching seven miles, and then camped at Acutt's First Cattle Post on the Bulawayo road. Next morning we continued to march and halted five miles further on at Acutt's farm on the Inyati River. Went shooting next morning with Watson but saw nothing. Five tssessebe were shot by "B" Troop. Camp was moved at 4 a.m. on Friday the 6th October and we travelled five miles then making a halt for breakfast. On the march "A" Troop formed the advance guard. "B" Troop main guard with the wagons, and "C" Troop rear guard. "A" and "C" Troops also providing flanking parties, while "B" Troop formed escort for guns at this camp. Saw plenty of game, a herd of tssessebe coming just in front of the laager . Vogel, who had been sent back to Salisbury for a mule that had broken away from camp, rejoined the mess at this outspan. Broke camp again in the afternoon and went on to Acutt's Third Farm about seven miles distant. Could not cross the spruit here, and darkness coming on we formed camp in confusion. Laager at last arranged, and troops allowed to sleep where they pleased. The next day we broke camp at about 3 p.m. and went on about two miles camping near water in an open plain. We formed laager and slept under wagons as told by O.C. Next morning the alarm sounded and the men fell into positions allotted to them, "B" and "C" Troops manning the wagons, while "A" Troop stood to their horses. About 7 a.m. a telegram brought in from Charter con tained marching orders. The laager was immediately broken up, and a two-mile trek made. In the afternoon another trek of four miles completed the day's march. Next morning, Monday, 9th October, trekking was continued and the Inyati was crossed at about 8 a.m. enabling the Columns to form laager for the first time in Matabele Territory. We moved on again in the afternoon and marched about four miles in a valley surrounded by small stone kopjes. At this camp three double pickets and three other native pickets were sent out besides a stable guard of three men. 1 "Reveille" sounded at 4 a.m. next morning, 10th, and the men stood to arms again on wagons allotted to them. Mounted patrols of four men were sent out at daylight. All duties including pickets supplied by "B" Troop; Column moved on at 5.30 a.m. After marching six miles we camped until 2 p.m. and then went on about six miles where we formed laager till daylight. On the 11th October we moved on again at daybreak, 5.30 a.m., and marched about six miles crossing the Sebakwe River en route. Crossing the drift caused about one hour's stoppage and delayed forming camp on a small spruit until 9 a.m. On the march a sable antelope was shot by the advance flanking party and brought into camp by the boys. At the Outspan an eland was found, killed by lions the previous night and was secured for rations. The country passed through was very rugged and fairly thick and the temperature in the morning was cold. I omitted to mention that on the previous day, 10th October, many herds of game were seen by flanking parties, men in the advance seeing a large leopard, and the picket, a lion. We struck camp and marched again at 3 p.m. on 11th October, the route lying through thick bush, and we went into laager on the banks of Bembeswane River. Just before sunset a fatigue of "B" Troop men were sent out to cut reeds for horses, the grazing being very bad all day along the line of march. The following morning we inspanned and crossed a river, laagering on the opposite side. The drift being bad, "B" Troop fixed a rope and helped pull the wagons across, afterwards falling in to cut grass and reeds for the horses for the evening meal. After breaking camp again at 1 p.m., we marched on about five miles, "B" Troop acting as rear guard through similar country—bush with strips of open country in between. We then camped on an open rise above a spruit. On the morning of the 13th, we marched at 5 o'clock, "B" Troop acting as advance guard, and camped near some water after a three-mile trek. Two scouts, Forbes and Swinburner, having come in the previous night with three natives they had captured, reported that the Victorian Column were camped about 12 miles off, advancing to meet our column at the Iron Mountain.