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The Music Academy, Madras 115-E, Mowbray’S Road
Tyagaraja Bi-Centenary Volume THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS A QUARTERLY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. XXXIX 1968 Parts MV srri erarfa i “ I dwell not in Vaikuntha, nor in the hearts of Yogins, nor in the Sun; (but) where my Bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada l ” EDITBD BY V. RAGHAVAN, M.A., p h .d . 1968 THE MUSIC ACADEMY, MADRAS 115-E, MOWBRAY’S ROAD. MADRAS-14 Annual Subscription—Inland Rs. 4. Foreign 8 sh. iI i & ADVERTISEMENT CHARGES ►j COVER PAGES: Full Page Half Page Back (outside) Rs. 25 Rs. 13 Front (inside) 20 11 Back (Do.) „ 30 „ 16 INSIDE PAGES: 1st page (after cover) „ 18 „ io Other pages (each) „ 15 „ 9 Preference will be given to advertisers of musical instruments and books and other artistic wares. Special positions and special rates on application. e iX NOTICE All correspondence should be addressed to Dr. V. Raghavan, Editor, Journal Of the Music Academy, Madras-14. « Articles on subjects of music and dance are accepted for mblication on the understanding that they are contributed solely o the Journal of the Music Academy. All manuscripts should be legibly written or preferably type written (double spaced—on one side of the paper only) and should >e signed by the writer (giving his address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views expressed by individual contributors. All books, advertisement moneys and cheques due to and intended for the Journal should be sent to Dr. V. Raghavan Editor. Pages. -
Syllabus for Post Graduate Programme in Music
1 Appendix to U.O.No.Acad/C1/13058/2020, dated 10.12.2020 KANNUR UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS FOR POST GRADUATE PROGRAMME IN MUSIC UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SEMESTER SYSTEM FROM 2020 ADMISSION NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC NAME OF THE PROGRAMME: MA MUSIC DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC KANNUR UNIVERSITY SWAMI ANANDA THEERTHA CAMPUS EDAT PO, PAYYANUR PIN: 670327 2 SYLLABUS FOR POST GRADUATE PROGRAMME IN MUSIC UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SEMESTER SYSTEM FROM 2020 ADMISSION NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC NAME OF THE PROGRAMME: M A (MUSIC) ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT. The Department of Music, Kannur University was established in 2002. Department offers MA Music programme and PhD. So far 17 batches of students have passed out from this Department. This Department is the only institution offering PG programme in Music in Malabar area of Kerala. The Department is functioning at Swami Ananda Theertha Campus, Kannur University, Edat, Payyanur. The Department has a well-equipped library with more than 1800 books and subscription to over 10 Journals on Music. We have gooddigital collection of recordings of well-known musicians. The Department also possesses variety of musical instruments such as Tambura, Veena, Violin, Mridangam, Key board, Harmonium etc. The Department is active in the research of various facets of music. So far 7 scholars have been awarded Ph D and two Ph D thesis are under evaluation. Department of Music conducts Seminars, Lecture programmes and Music concerts. Department of Music has conducted seminars and workshops in collaboration with Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts-New Delhi, All India Radio, Zonal Cultural Centre under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India, and Folklore Academy, Kannur. -
Navarathri Mandapam CHAPTER 4 Musical Aspect of Maharaja’S Compositions
Navarathri Mandapam CHAPTER 4 Musical Aspect of Maharaja’s Compositions 4.1. Introduction “Music begins where the possibilities of language end.” - Jean Sibelius Music is just not confined only to notes and its rendition, it is a unit of melody, its combinations and beautiful body movements. Therefore it is called Samageetam (g“rV_²) and Sharangdeva has given an apt definition to the term - JrV§ dmÚ§ VWm Z¥Ë`§, Ì`§ g“rV_wÀ`Vo& Maharaja’s compositions are models of all the three faculties of music. They are sung, played on various instruments and some compositions are exclusively composed for dance performances. To understand the nuance and technical aspects of music, it is very necessary to look back at the history of both the streams of Indian Music which are prevalent. As discussed in the earlier chapters, North Indian Music, popularly known as the Hindusthani Music had a lot of transitions since the Vedic era to the Mughal or the pre- indehendence era. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the patronage of music continued in smaller princely kingdoms like Gwalior, Jaipur, Patiala giving rise to diversity of styles that is today known as Gharanas. Meanwhile the Bhakti and Sufi traditions -------------------------------- ( 100 ) ---------------------------------- continued to develop and interact with the different schools of music. Gharana system had a peculiar tradition of one-to-one teaching which was imparted through the Guru-Shishya tradition. To a large extent, it was limited to the palace and dance halls. It was shunned by the intellectuals, avoided by the educated middle class, and in general looked down upon as a frivolous practise. -
MRIDANGA SYLLABUS for MA (CBCS) Effective from 2014-15
BANGALORE UNIVERSITY P.G. DEPARTMENT OF PERFORMING ARTS JNANABHARATHI, BANGALORE-560056 MRIDANGA SYLLABUS FOR M.A (CBCS) Effective from 2014-15 Dr. B.M. Jayashree. Professor of Music Chairperson, BOS (PG) M.A. MRIDANGA Semester scheme syllabus CBCS Scheme of Examination, continuous Evaluation and other Requirements: 1. ELIGIBILITY: A Degree music with Mridanga as one of the optional subject with at least 50% in the concerned optional subject an merit internal among these applicant Of A Graduate with minimum of 50% marks secured in the senior grade examination of Mridanga conducted by secondary education board of Karnataka OR a graduate with a minimum of 50% marks secured in PG Diploma or 2 years diploma or 4 year certificate course in Mridanga conducted either by any recognized Universities of any state out side Karnataka or central institution/Universities Any degree with: a) Any certificate course in Mridanga b) All India Radio/Doordarshan gradation c) Any diploma in Mridanga or five years of learning certificate by any veteran musician d) Entrance test (practical) is compulsory for admission. 2. M.A. Mridanga course consists of four semesters. 3. First semester will have three theory paper (core), three practical papers (core) and one practical paper (soft core). 4. Second semester will have three theory papers (core), three practical papers (core), one is project work/Dissertation practical paper and one is practical paper (soft core) 5. Third semester will have two theory papers (core), three practical papers (core) and one is open Elective Practical paper 6. Fourth semester will have two theory Papers (core) two practical papers (core), one project work and one is Elective paper. -
Applying Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning Techniques for Raga Recognition in Indian Classical Music
Applying Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning Techniques for Raga Recognition in Indian Classical Music Deepthi Peri Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science and Applications Eli Tilevich, Chair Sang Won Lee Eric Lyon August 6th, 2020 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: Raga Recognition, ICM, MIR, Deep Learning Copyright 2020, Deepthi Peri Applying Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning Tech- niques for Raga Recognition in Indian Classical Music Deepthi Peri (ABSTRACT) In Indian Classical Music (ICM), the Raga is a musical piece’s melodic framework. It encom- passes the characteristics of a scale, a mode, and a tune, with none of them fully describing it, rendering the Raga a unique concept in ICM. The Raga provides musicians with a melodic fabric, within which all compositions and improvisations must take place. Identifying and categorizing the Raga is challenging due to its dynamism and complex structure as well as the polyphonic nature of ICM. Hence, Raga recognition—identify the constituent Raga in an audio file—has become an important problem in music informatics with several known prior approaches. Advancing the state of the art in Raga recognition paves the way to improving other Music Information Retrieval tasks in ICM, including transcribing notes automatically, recommending music, and organizing large databases. This thesis presents a novel melodic pattern-based approach to recognizing Ragas by representing this task as a document clas- sification problem, solved by applying a deep learning technique. A digital audio excerpt is hierarchically processed and split into subsequences and gamaka sequences to mimic a textual document structure, so our model can learn the resulting tonal and temporal se- quence patterns using a Recurrent Neural Network. -
Rakti in Raga and Laya
VEDAVALLI SPEAKS Sangita Kalanidhi R. Vedavalli is not only one of the most accomplished of our vocalists, she is also among the foremost thinkers of Carnatic music today with a mind as insightful and uncluttered as her music. Sruti is delighted to share her thoughts on a variety of topics with its readers. Rakti in raga and laya Rakti in raga and laya’ is a swara-oriented as against gamaka- complex theme which covers a oriented raga-s. There is a section variety of aspects. Attempts have of exponents which fears that ‘been made to interpret rakti in the tradition of gamaka-oriented different ways. The origin of the singing is giving way to swara- word ‘rakti’ is hard to trace, but the oriented renditions. term is used commonly to denote a manner of singing that is of a Yo asau Dhwaniviseshastu highly appreciated quality. It swaravamavibhooshitaha carries with it a sense of intense ranjako janachittaanaam involvement or engagement. Rakti Sankarabharanam or Bhairavi? rasa raga udaahritaha is derived from the root word Tyagaraja did not compose these ‘ranj’ – ranjayati iti ragaha, ranjayati kriti-s as a cluster under the There is a reference to ‘dhwani- iti raktihi. That which is pleasing, category of ghana raga-s. Older visesha’ in this sloka from Brihaddcsi. which engages the mind joyfully texts record these five songs merely Scholars have suggested that may be called rakti. The term rakti dhwanivisesha may be taken th as Tyagaraja’ s compositions and is not found in pre-17 century not as the Pancharatna kriti-s. Not to connote sruti and that its texts like Niruktam, Vyjayanti and only are these raga-s unsuitable for integration with music ensures a Amarakosam. -
The Rich Heritage of Dhrupad Sangeet in Pushtimarg On
Copyright © 2006 www.vallabhkankroli.org - All Rights Reserved by Shree Vakpati Foundation - Baroda ||Shree DwaDwarrrrkeshokesho Jayati|| || Shree Vallabhadhish Vijayate || The Rich Heritage Of Dhrupad Sangeet in Pushtimarg on www.vallabhkankroli.org Reference : 8th Year Text Book of Pushtimargiya Patrachaar by Shree Vakpati Foundation - Baroda Inspiration: PPG 108 Shree Vrajeshkumar Maharajshri - Kankroli PPG 108 Shree Vagishkumar Bawashri - Kankroli Copyright © 2006 www.vallabhkankroli.org - All Rights Reserved by Shree Vakpati Foundation - Baroda Contents Meaning of Sangeet ........................................................................................................................... 4 Naad, Shruti and Swar ....................................................................................................................... 4 Definition of Raga.............................................................................................................................. 5 Rules for Defining Ragas................................................................................................................... 6 The Defining Elements in the Raga................................................................................................... 7 Vadi, Samvadi, Anuvadi, Vivadi [ Sonant, Consonant, Assonant, Dissonant] ................................ 8 Aroha, avaroha [Ascending, Descending] ......................................................................................... 8 Twelve Swaras of the Octave ........................................................................................................... -
CARNATIC MUSIC (CODE – 032) CLASS – X (Melodic Instrument) 2020 – 21 Marking Scheme
CARNATIC MUSIC (CODE – 032) CLASS – X (Melodic Instrument) 2020 – 21 Marking Scheme Time - 2 hrs. Max. Marks : 30 Part A Multiple Choice Questions: Attempts any of 15 Question all are of Equal Marks : 1. Raga Abhogi is Janya of a) Karaharapriya 2. 72 Melakarta Scheme has c) 12 Chakras 3. Identify AbhyasaGhanam form the following d) Gitam 4. Idenfity the VarjyaSwaras in Raga SuddoSaveri b) GhanDharam – NishanDham 5. Raga Harikambhoji is a d) Sampoorna Raga 6. Identify popular vidilist from the following b) M. S. Gopala Krishnan 7. Find out the string instrument which has frets d) Veena 8. Raga Mohanam is an d) Audava – Audava Raga 9. Alankaras are set to d) 7 Talas 10 Mela Number of Raga Maya MalawaGoula d) 15 11. Identify the famous flutist d) T R. Mahalingam 12. RupakaTala has AksharaKals b) 6 13. Indentify composer of Navagrehakritis c) MuthuswaniDikshitan 14. Essential angas of kriti are a) Pallavi-Anuppallavi- Charanam b) Pallavi –multifplecharanma c) Pallavi – MukkyiSwaram d) Pallavi – Charanam 15. Raga SuddaDeven is Janya of a) Sankarabharanam 16. Composer of Famous GhanePanchartnaKritis – identify a) Thyagaraja 17. Find out most important accompanying instrument for a vocal concert b) Mridangam 18. A musical form set to different ragas c) Ragamalika 19. Identify dance from of music b) Tillana 20. Raga Sri Ranjani is Janya of a) Karahara Priya 21. Find out the popular Vena artist d) S. Bala Chander Part B Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks 5X3 = 15 1. Gitam : Gitam are the simplest musical form. The term “Gita” means song it is melodic extension of raga in which it is composed. -
1 ; Mahatma Gandhi University B. A. Music Programme(Vocal
1 ; MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY B. A. MUSIC PROGRAMME(VOCAL) COURSE DETAILS Sem Course Title Hrs/ Cred Exam Hrs. Total Week it Practical 30 mts Credit Theory 3 hrs. Common Course – 1 5 4 3 Common Course – 2 4 3 3 I Common Course – 3 4 4 3 20 Core Course – 1 (Practical) 7 4 30 mts 1st Complementary – 1 (Instrument) 3 3 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 1 (Theory) 2 2 3 Common Course – 4 5 4 3 Common Course – 5 4 3 3 II Common Course – 6 4 4 3 20 Core Course – 2 (Practical) 7 4 30 mts 1st Complementary – 2 (Instrument) 3 3 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 2 (Theory) 2 2 3 Common Course – 7 5 4 3 Common Course – 8 5 4 3 III Core Course – 3 (Theory) 3 4 3 19 Core Course – 4 (Practical) 7 3 30 mts 1st Complementary – 3 (Instrument) 3 2 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 3 (Theory) 2 2 3 Common Course – 9 5 4 3 Common Course – 10 5 4 3 IV Core Course – 5 (Theory) 3 4 3 19 Core Course – 6 (Practical) 7 3 30 mts 1st Complementary – 4 (Instrument) 3 2 Practical 30 mts 2nd Complementary – 4 (Theory) 2 2 3 Core Course – 7 (Theory) 4 4 3 Core Course – 8 (Practical) 6 4 30 mts V Core Course – 9 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts 21 Core Course – 10 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts Open Course – 1 (Practical/Theory) 3 4 Practical 30 mts Theory 3 hrs Course Work/ Project Work – 1 2 1 Core Course – 11 (Theory) 4 4 3 Core Course – 12 (Practical) 6 4 30 mts VI Core Course – 13 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts 21 Core Course – 14 (Practical) 5 4 30 mts Elective (Practical/Theory) 3 4 Practical 30 mts Theory 3 hrs Course Work/ Project Work – 2 2 1 Total 150 120 120 Core & Complementary 104 hrs 82 credits Common Course 46 hrs 38 credits Practical examination will be conducted at the end of each semester 2 MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY B. -
Carnatic Music (Melodic Instrumental) (Code No
(B) CARNATIC MUSIC (MELODIC INSTRUMENTAL) (CODE NO. 032) CLASS–XI: (THEORY)(2019-20) One theory paper Total Marks: 100 2 Hours Marks : 30 Theory: A. History and Theory of Indian Music 1. (a) An outline knowledge of the following Lakshana Grandhas Silappadikaram, Natyasastra, Sangita Ratnakara and Chaturdandi Prakasika. (b) Short life sketch and contributions of the following:- Veena Dhanammal, flute Saraba Sastry, Rajamanikkam Pillai, Tirukkodi Kaval Krishna lyer (violin) Rajaratnam Pillai (Nagasvaram), Thyagaraja, Syamasastry, Muthuswamy Deekshitar, Veena Seshanna. (c) Brief study of the musical forms: Geetam and its varieties; Varnam – Padavarnam – Daruvarna Svarajati, Kriti/Kirtana and Padam 2. Definition and explanation of the following terms: Nada, Sruti, Svara, Vadi, Vivadi:, Samvadi, Anuvadi, Amsa & Nyasa, Jaati, Raga, Tala, Jati, Yati, Suladisapta talas, Nadai, Arohana, Avarohana. 3. Candidates should be able to write in notation the Varnam in the prescribed ragas. 4. Lakshanas of the ragas prescribed. 5. Talas Prescribed: Adi, Roopaka, Misra Chapu and Khanda Chapu. A brief study of Suladi Saptatalas. 6. A brief introduction to Manodhama Sangitam CLASS–XI (PRACTICAL) One Practical Paper Marks: 70 B. Practical Activities 1. Ragas Prescribed: Mayamalavagowla, Sankarabharana, Kharaharapriya, Kalyani, Kambhoji, Madhyamavati, Arabhi, Pantuvarali Kedaragaula, Vasanta, Anandabharavi, Kanada, Dhanyasi. 2. Varnams (atleast three) in Aditala in two degree of speed. 3. Kriti/Kirtana in each of the prescribed ragas, covering the main Talas Adi, Rupakam and Chapu. 4. Brief alapana of the ragas prescribed. 5. Technique of playing niraval and kalpana svaras in Adi, and Rupaka talas in two degrees of speed. 6. The candidate should be able to produce all the gamakas pertaining to the chosen instrument. -
6. ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS (A) MUSIC Any One of the Following Can Be Offered: (Hindustani Or Carnatic)
6. ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS (A) MUSIC Any one of the following can be offered: (Hindustani or Carnatic) 1. Carnatic Music-Vocal 4. Hindustani Music-Vocal or or 2. Carnatic Music-Melodic Instruments 5. Hindustani Music Melodic Instruments or or 3. Carnatic Music-Percussion 6. Hindustani Music Percussion Instruments Instruments (i) CARNATIC MUSIC VOCAL THE WEIGHTAGE FOR FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT (F.A.) AND SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT (S.A.) FOR TERM I & II SHALL BE AS FOLLOWS Term Type of Assessment Percentage of Termwise Total Weightage in Weightage Academic Session for both Terms First Term Summative 1 15% 15+35 50% (April - Theory Paper Sept.) Practicals 35% Second Summative 2 15% 15+35 50% Term Theory Paper (Oct.- Practicals 35% March) Total 100% Term-I Term-II Total Theory 15% + 15% = 30% Practical 35% + 35% = 70% Total 100% 163 Carnatic Music (Code No. 034) Any one of the following can be offered : (Hindustani or Carnatic) 1. Carnatic Music-Vocal 4. Hindustani Music-Vocal or or 2. Carnatic Music-Melodic Instruments 5. Hindustani Music Melodic Instruments or or 3. Carnatic Music-Percussion 6. Hindustani Music Percussion Instruments Instruments (i) CARNATIC MUSIC VOCAL THE WEIGHTAGE FOR FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT (F.A.) AND SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT (S.A.) FOR TERM I & II SHALL BE AS FOLLOWS Term Type of Assessment Percentage of Termwise Total Weightage in Weightage Academic Session for both Terms First Term Summative 1 15% 15+35 50% (April - Theory Paper Sept.) Practicals 35% Second Summative 2 15% 15+35 50% Term Theory Paper (Oct.- Practicals 35% March) Total 100% Term-I Term-II Total Theory 15% + 15% = 30% Practical 35% + 35% = 70% Total 100% 164 SYLLABUS FOR SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT FIRST TERM (APRIL 2016 - SEPTEMBER 2016) CARNATIC MUSIC (VOCAL) (CODE 031) CLASS IX TOPIC (A) Theory 15 Marks 1. -
Sreenivasarao's Blogs HOME ABOUT THIS WORDPRESS.COM SITE IS the BEE's KNEES
sreenivasarao's blogs HOME ABOUT THIS WORDPRESS.COM SITE IS THE BEE'S KNEES ← Music of India – a brief outline – Part fifteen Music of India – a brief outline – Part Seventeen → Music of India – a brief outline – Part sixteen Continued from Part Fifteen – Lakshana Granthas– Continued Part Sixteen (of 22 ) – Lakshana Granthas – Continued Pages 8. Sangita-ratnakara by Sarangadeva About Archives January 2016 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 February 2015 January 2014 December 2013 Sarangadeva’s Sangita-ratnakara (first half of 13th century) is of particular importance, because it was written November 2013 just before influence of the Muslim conquest began to assert itself on Indian culture. The Music discussed in Sangita-ratnakara is free from Persian influence. Sangita-ratnakara therefore marks the stage at which the October 2013 ‘integrated’ Music of India was before it branched into North-South Music traditions. October 2012 It is clear that by the time of Sarangadeva, the Music of India had moved far away from Marga or Gandharva, as September 2012 also from the system based on Jatis (class of melodies) and two parent scales. By his time, many new August 2012 conventions had entered into the main stream; and the concept of Ragas that had taken firm roots was wielding considerable authority. Sarangadeva brought together various strands of the past music traditions, defined almost 267 Ragas, established a sound theoretical basis for music and provided a model for the later Categories musicology (Samgita Shastra). Abhinavagupta (3) Sarangadeva’s emphasis was on the ever changing nature of music, the expanding role of regional (Desi) Agama (6) influences on it, and the increasing complexity of musical material that needed to be systemised time and again.