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Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Monday, September 11, 2000 Part III Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Designation of Critical Habitat for the California Red-Legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii); Proposed Rule VerDate 11<MAY>2000 16:16 Sep 08, 2000 Jkt 190000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\11SEP3.SGM pfrm01 PsN: 11SEP3 54892 Federal Register / Vol. 65, No. 176 / Monday, September 11, 2000 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR and other impacts of the designation California, Mexico. It is typically found and our approaches for handling HCPs. from sea level to elevations of Fish and Wildlife Service We may revise this proposal to approximately 1,500 meters (m) (5,000 incorporate or address new information feet (ft)). The California red-legged frog 50 CFR Part 17 received during the comment period. ranges in body length from 40 to 130 RIN 1018±AG32 DATES: We will accept comments until millimeters (mm) (1.6 to 5.1 inches October 11, 2000. We will hold four (in.)), with adult females attaining a Endangered and Threatened Wildlife public hearings on this proposed rule significantly longer body length than and Plants; Proposed Designation of scheduled for September 19, 21, 26, and males (138 mm (5.4 in.) versus 116 mm Critical Habitat for the California Red- 28, 2000. See the Public Hearing section (4.6 in.)) (Hayes and Miyamoto 1984). legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii) below for details of location and time. The posterior abdomen and hind legs of ADDRESSES: If you wish to comment, adults vary in color, but are often red or AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, salmon pink; the back is characterized Interior. you may submit your comments and materials concerning this proposal by by small black flecks and larger irregular ACTION: Proposed rule. any one of several methods. dark blotches with indistinct outlines SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and 1. You may submit written comments on a brown, gray, olive, or reddish- Wildlife Service, designate critical and information to the Field Supervisor, brown background color. Dorsal spots habitat pursuant to the Endangered Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, usually have light centers (Stebbins Species Act of 1973, as amended, for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2800 1985), and the dorsolateral folds are California red-legged frog (Rana aurora Cottage Way, Suite W-2605, prominent. Larvae range from 14 to 80 draytonii). Approximately 2,175,000 Sacramento, California 95825. mm (0.6 to 3.1 in.) in length, and the hectares (5,373,650 acres) of land fall 2. You may also send comments by background color of the body is dark within the boundaries of the proposed electronic mail (e-mail) to brown or olive with darker spots (Storer critical habitat designation. Specifically, [email protected]. See the Public 1925). A line of very small, indistinct aquatic and upland areas where suitable Comments Solicited section below for gold-colored spots becomes the breeding and nonbreeding habitat is file format and other information about dorsolateral fold. The California red- interspersed throughout the landscape electronic filing. legged frog is one of two subspecies of and is interconnected by unfragmented 3. You may hand-deliver comments to the red-legged frog (R. aurora). For a dispersal habitat are areas proposed as our Sacramento Fish and Wildlife detailed description of the two critical habitat. Proposed critical habitat Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, subspecies see the Draft Recovery Plan is located in Alameda, Butte, Calaveras, 2800 Cottage Way, Suite W. 2605, for the California Red-legged Frog Contra Costa, El Dorado, Fresno, Kern, Sacramento, California 95825. (Service 2000) and references within the Los Angeles, Marin, Mariposa, Merced, Comments and materials received will plan. Monterey, Napa, Plumas, Riverside, San be available for public inspection, by Male California red-legged frogs Benito, San Diego, San Joaquin, San appointment, during normal business appear at breeding sites 2 to 4 weeks Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, hours at the above address. before females (Storer 1925). A pair in Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Sierra, Solano, FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Curt amplexus (breeding position) moves to Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, McCasland or Brian Twedt, Sacramento an oviposition site (the location where Tuolumne, Ventura, and Yuba counties, Fish and Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and eggs are laid) and the eggs are fertilized California. Critical habitat receives Wildlife Service, 2800 Cottage Way, while being attached to a brace. Braces protection from destruction or adverse Suite W. 2605, Sacramento, California include emergent vegetation such as modification through required 95825 (telephone 916/414±6600; bulrushes (Scirpus sp.), cattails (Typha consultation under section 7 of the Act facsimile 916/414±6712). sp.), or roots and twigs. Each mass with regard to actions carried out, For information about Monterey, Los contains about 2,000 to 5,000 individual funded, or authorized by a Federal Angeles, San Benito, San Luis Obispo, eggs measuring approximately 2.0 to 2.8 agency. Section 4 of the Act requires us Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, and Ventura mm (0.08 to 0.11 in.) in diameter. Eggs to consider economic and other relevant counties, contact Diane Noda, Ventura hatch in 6 to 14 days depending on impacts when specifying any particular Fish and Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and water temperatures (Jennings et al. area as critical habitat. Wildlife Service, 2394 Portola Road, 1992). Larvae typically metamorphose Proposed critical habitat does not Suite B, Ventura, California 93003 between July and September, 3.5 to 7 include lands covered by any existing, (telephone 805/644±1766; facsimile months after eggs are laid (Storer 1925, legally operative, incidental take 805/644±3958). Wright and Wright 1949). Of the various permits for the California red-legged For information about areas in the San life stages, larvae probably experience frog issued under section 10(a)(1)(B) of Gabriel Mountains of Los Angeles the highest mortality rates. Survival rate the Act. The Habitat Conservation Plans County or Riverside and San Diego from hatching to metamorphosis (the (HCPs), required for issuance of these counties, contact Ken Berg, Carlsbad process of changing from a tadpole to a permits, provide for special Fish and Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and frog) has been estimated as less than 1 management and protection under the Wildlife Service, 2730 Loker Avenue percent (Jennings et al. 1992), 1.9 terms of the permit and the lands West, Carlsbad, California 92008 percent (Cook 1997), or less than 5 covered by them are therefore not (telephone 760/431±9440; facsimile percent (Lawler et al. 1999) for proposed for inclusion in the critical 760/431±9624). California red-legged frog tadpoles co- habitat. In areas where HCPs have not SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: occurring with bullfrog tadpoles, and 30 yet had permits issued, we have to 40 percent for California red-legged proposed critical habitat according to Background frog tadpoles occurring without the factors outlined in this rule. The California red-legged frog (Rana bullfrogs (Lawler et al. 1999). Sexual We solicit data and comments from aurora draytonii) is the largest native maturity can be attained at 2 years of the public on all aspects of this frog in the western United States. It is age by males and 3 years of age by proposal, including data on economic endemic to California and Baja females (Jennings and Hayes 1985), with VerDate 11<MAY>2000 16:16 Sep 08, 2000 Jkt 190000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\11SEP3.SGM pfrm01 PsN: 11SEP3 Federal Register / Vol. 65, No. 176 / Monday, September 11, 2000 / Proposed Rules 54893 adults living 8 to 10 years (M. Jennings, by bullfrogs. In addition, bullfrogs may between traffic density and the density U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), have a competitive advantage over red- of anuran populations. Thus, roads are Biological Resources Division (BRD), legged frogs; bullfrogs are larger, have an important human-caused landscape pers. comm. 2000). However, the more generalized food habits (Bury and component hindering amphibian average life span is probably much Whelan 1984), have an extended movement and thereby fragmenting lower (N. Scott, USGS, BRD, pers. breeding season (Storer 1933) where an amphibian populations. comm. 2000). individual female can produce as many In addition to the fragmentation of The historic range of the California as 20,000 eggs during a breeding season habitat, upland impacts can have red-legged frog extended along the coast (Emlen 1977), and bullfrog larvae are additional significant deleterious from the vicinity of Point Reyes unpalatable to predatory fish (Kruse and impacts on California red-legged frogs. National Seashore, Marin County, Francis 1977). In addition to Amphibian species richness (number of California, and inland from the vicinity competition, bullfrogs also interfere species in an area) is related to land use of Redding, Shasta County, California, with red-legged frog reproduction. Both in the watersheds of Puget Sound, southward to northwestern Baja California and northern red-legged frogs Washington (Richter and Azous 1995, California, Mexico (Jennings and Hayes have been observed in amplexus with 1997); species richness was significantly 1985, Hayes and Krempels 1986). (mounted on) both male and female lower in watersheds where more than California red-legged frogs have been bullfrogs (Twedt 1993, Service files). 40 percent of the land area was documented in 46 counties in California red-legged frogs are developed. This was attributed to California, but now remain in only 238 currently threatened by human increases in the total water level streams or drainages in 31 counties; the activities, many of which operate fluctuations within wetlands. species has lost approximately 70 concurrently and cumulatively with Specifically, urbanization leads to percent of its former range (Service each other and with natural higher peak flows and volumes resulting 2000, 61 FR 25813).
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