1939

WESTERN AUSTRALIA.

ANNUAL REPORT

of the

Commissioner of Native Affairs

for the

YEAR ENDED 30th JUNE, 1938.

PERTH:

BY AUTHORITY : FRED. WM. SIMPSON, GOVERNMENT PRINTER.

1939.

r 12401

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library Annual Report of the Commissioner of Native Affairs.

27(e lion. Chief Secretary.

In conformity with section 72 (6) of the Native The future of the native race here is at stake, not Administration Act, 1905-1936, I beg to submit here­ only as it affeets the natives but also ourselves; time with my report on the condition and welfare of the is passing and we are too slow in appreciating the natives and transactions of the Department through­ real position and amending it. out the State for the year ended 30th June, 1938. Personally, I still hold the views which I expressed As this, my twenty-third Report, may be the last in evidence before the Royal Commission on the Con­ I shall submit in my present capacity, I venture to stitution of the Commonwealth in 1927, that the care amplify it by including therein a few brief obser­ of our natives throughout Australia ought to be a vations in relation to the value of such reports and national responsibility. There should be uniformity other aspects of the question generally. Firstly these in the application of laws and policy of finance to reports are of some historical value, because they con­ insure equitable treatment throughout Australia. The tain a running record of the Department's doings and example of the other great Dominions of the Empire struggles in the cause of a depressed people, and might well be followed in this respect. As an asset they include fairly comprehensive statistical data, alone these native people are generally underrated. particularly during the last decade. The worth of Out of seventy-seven thousand natives, full-blood and these records will be more appreciated in years to coloured, young and old, in Australia nearly one quar­ come, but by way of contrast it may be pointed out ter are workers and many more might be, given suit­ that the departmental files prior to 1915 are so de­ able education and training, instead of their being ficient and fragmentary as to be almost useless,, and compelled to live, as they do for the most part, the but for the existence of annual reports back to 1898, subjects of relief and compassion at our hands. There when the Department was created, our recorded know­ would be little need of charity in time to come if the ledge would be scanty. True, the old Aborigines ordinary amenities of life were provided for those Protection Board issued reports, which, however, as able to use and enjoy them, though perhaps we far as those I can find disclose, display a very limited might have to insist upon their use. knowledge of native affairs. In my reports I have always endeavoured to show the condition of the " There has been a good deal of criticism of the people throughout, and the measures necessary and Depart ment during the past year, and criticism and taken to improve their position. I have not neglected publicity from the point of view of the position of from time to time to indicate the seriousness of their the natives is all to the good, because it attracts case, or minimise the disabilities from which they public interest to the conditions under which the suffer, but mine, I fear, has been to some extent "a people are compelled to live. Nevertheless, much of voice crying in the wilderness." The present Govern­ the criticism is ill-informed, biassed, without real ment, however, has always shown sympathy and foundation and voiced without a full knowledge or understanding of the position, often to practical consideration of the facts, and mostly without the effect upon our finances. This is disclosed by our Department's view having been sought or the infor­ expenditure returns. During the year under review mation within its possession being examined. Sucb £51,019 18s. 5d. was available for the services of the criticism does no good and is definitely hurtful to Department as against £27,238 14s. 5d. for the year the cause of the natives. Besides creating tension ended 30th June, 1933, and, moreover, last year's between the Department and interested outside figures arc the highest recorded in any one year pre­ Organisations, Missions and Institutions it tends to viously. The responsibility for the control of matters embitter the officials appointed to carry out the pro­ within the legislation limits prescribed by Parlia­ visions of the law. It is apt to create enmity be­ ment and the annual provision on the Estimates, is, tween them and the very people they are there to under the powers contained in the Act, the Commis­ safeguard and serve within the legal limits provided, sioner's under the Minister, and within those limits thus inevitably increasing their difficulties and some good work has been done. Beyond that, how­ lengthening the time which must elapse in giving ever, and having reported the facts the responsibility effect to the policy laid down for the guidance of for any failure to appreciate or relieve the position the Department, with the consent of the Government is surely not mine. and franked by the Canberra Conference, a policy of enlightenment and advancement for the coloured people, for which the Western Australian Native De­ It is difficult to insure that my Annual Report partment claims to be responsible and has sought to reaches Parliament when in session, but even if it is put into effect during recent years. As was stated of necessity a few months belated when issued, it at Canberra, it is a long-range policy, and it may nevertheless discloses the approximate existing posi­ be many years before its beneficial effects are really tion, and the Commissioner cannot be blamed if the seen, and longer still if some of our critics have their serious purport of its contents is not appreciated by way. To push the policy too rapidly would oafy those for whose benefit it is produced.

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 4 have disastrous effects upon the very people we are Government directly under the Minister, but in the hoping to advance. lower, or Southern division, the head official con­ Some of our critics are not very particular about cerned was also to be the Secretary of the Depart­ their methods. Definite untruths have been published ment. That system to be carried out effectively would and even the spread of propaganda amongst the impose altogether too great a strain upon the Minis­ natives themselves has occurred, with the evident in­ ter in charge. It would involve three separate clerical tention of antagonising the Department and the staffs, offices, and accounting systems. Unless there natives. The plan of attack which seems to be most were money to burn such a position is impracticable. favoured is to publish some incorrect or misleading There might even be three contending policies, thus information in the expectation that it will draw the rendering it impossible for the Minister to co-ordin­ Department into a retort. It seems to me that the ate the whole matter with any degree of satisfaction, method employed clearly shows that those respon­ and then it would again resolve itself into a ease of sible for these attacks are not mainly concerned with the views of the Secretary, whoever he might be, pre­ the welfare of the natives at all. If they were they dominating. It would of course be his duty to defer would soon learn by co-operating with us where the to the Minister, who in a sense would be the head of real difficulties lie and help us to overcome them. the Department as well as the controlling Minister. Thus an impossible position for the Minister would There have been many references to the creation of ai'ise. The differing methods in the various States a Board to administer the Department, and there to-day surely afford an example of the desirability have been references to the Report of Mr, Moseley, of avoiding measures tending to emulate such dis­ who sat as a Royal Commissioner on the Native Ques­ unity. tion in 19134, and who expressed the opinion that the The alternative system, and that which the Depart­ State should be divided into three separate territories ment is adopting, is that of having District Inspec­ for the purpose of administration. As regards the tors, who later might possibly be endowed with the former, there have been Boards not only here but powers imposed upon Deputy Commissioners. These elsewhere to administer native matters, and there is receive from the Commissioner all necessary instruc­ no doubt that they have not achieved (he expected suc­ tions regarding the accepted policy of the Department cess. There was a Board in Western Australia which as approved by the Government, to be carried out as the Department superseded in 1898. One has only a united whole and report to him as necessary of their to study the history of that Board to realise the dis­ doing's within that policy. Under this system there abilities from which it suffered and its ineptness. A is a consistent policy on all points, however contro­ Board could do little good, except perhaps in a general versial they might be. advisory capacity. Even then its usefulness from the very fact of its probable constitution might be largely Of- course the Commissioner must know his State negligible as far as the Department was concerned. thoroughly. He must know the conditions which ob­ There is such an advisory Board in South Australia, tain throughout the State, or he must accept the but I have been told that inevitably it is the judg­ advice of his District Inspectors, but lie should be in ment of the head of the Department which is eventu­ a position to finalise all matters throughout of his ally accepted. own knowledge and experience. A united policy (Australia wide if possible) is the only policy which The head of the Native Department is in daily will eventually solve the problem. It should be borne touch with matters which concern the native popula­ in mind that there was a period of six years within tion throughout the State, he is required to give im­ the last twenty years when this State was divided portant decisions many times daily, decisions which into two sections for native administrative purposes. may contemplate the expenditure of considerable sums Looking back over that period the least one can sug­ of money. He is actually and practically in touch gest is that the division of duties created difficulties with thousands of natives, he knows a great many of from which to-day we are still suffering, and more­ them personally, he is able to weigh up matters bring­ over it; destroyed to some extent the essential con­ ing him to immediate decisions. Ho is in continuous tinuity of policy. touch with all his ollicers throughout the State, who advise and provide him with information. A Board PREVAILING CONDITIONS. which met once a month, or even once a week could Throughout the year there was comparatively little not but accept the advice of the head of the Depart­ sickness amongst the native people and there was less ment, because he needs must present the Board witli loss of life than during the past seven years, no doubt accomplished facts for their deliberation. AVhat due to the special measures taken to restore health could they do but accept his findings or report what throughout by the provision of increased hospital they considered his errors in their judgment to the and medical attention and the power given under the Minister? Whose advice is the Minister going to Act to enforce treatment where necessary. take? Assuming that there were a responsible chair­ Though the recorded figures disclosed that there man of such a Board, how could the head of the was slightly less employment this year, actually there Department apply many times daily to such a chair­ was very little difference as explained later in this man for decisions? Again, whose advice would the Report. Indigence did not increase to any appre­ chairman be likely to take? A Board, I fear, would ciable extent. only hamper the activities of the Department, and The condition of the coloured people of the South- create delays which again would react against the West showed no improvement and this matter is re­ Department and the natives. The Royal Commis­ ferred to later under the heading of Settlements. sioner advised against such a Board. As to the division of the State into three sections, NATIVE ADMINISTRATION ACT- Mr. Moseley visualised a permanent administrative SUGGESTED AMENDMENTS. officer in each of the three divisions, North, Middle, It; has become evident that one or two sections of and South, who would carry out the policy of the the Act should be amended if we are to fully carry

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 5 out the intention of those who framed and passed it. It was ruled by a Magistrate in a case which came There are a few minor mattcis which I will not refer before the Criminal Court that the tribal wife of a to here, but propose to confine myself to the more native was not his legal wife. Counsel for the important amendments which I have recommended. Defence objected, but the point was upheld by the Crown Law Department. I have recommended that Section 51.—This section reads: "In every prosecu­ the word "wife" should have the meaning it was tion for an offence against this Act or the regula- intended to have in the Act whether the parties were lions, the averment in the complaint that any person legally married according to the laws of the State referred to therein is a native shall be deemed to be or otherwise. Moreover it should be no more possible proved in the absence of proof to the contrary." for a wife to give evidence against her husband than tor a husband to give evidence against his wife. In two or three recent cases we have gone to Court Furthermore, I consider the natives standing to each in the full knowledge that the accused persons are other in the relation referred to should not be com­ natives within the meaning of I he Act. Contrary pellable witnesses in any action where natives are verbal evidence, some of it of extremely doubtful tried for assault upon or killing any person, whether veracity, has been given, and cases have gone against dealt with before a Native Court or otherwise. us, yet at the same time we have been in possession of documentary evidence of such a nature as to com­ Section 71.—This section enables the Minister to pletely refute the verbal evidence given, but this has issue to a native who in his opinion ought not to be not been acceptable. Since the cases I have referred subject to the Act a Certificate in writing under his to were dealt with I have received legal advice which hand that such native is exempt from the provisions would appear to render this amendment unnecessary. of the Act, and from and after the issue of sueh I am advised that the law of evidence already pro­ Certificate such native shall be so exempt accordingly, vides for the admissibility of documentary evidence etc. It has been ruled by the Crown Law Authorities, as secondary evidence when the Court is satisfied that following on a decision of the Magistrate at Carnar­ primary oral evidence is not available. Tn the hope von when an exempted native was proceeded against that the Courts will accept this documentary evidence for an offence against Section 46 of the Native in future there seems to be no need to press for this Administration Act, that exemption does not destroy amendment. I would point out, however, that it is a native's entity; in other words that being still a a serious matter for the Department if the question­ native he is not subject to punishment for a breach able oral statements of natives in Court are to be of the Native Administration Act, wherein a native accepted against the incontrovertible documentary is expressly described as not being subject to any evidence of the Department. particular section. We have always considered that an exempted native is privileged to enjoy the rights Section 62.—This section reads "Every person who enjoyed by any other person in the community who is charged with assaulting a native shall be summar­ is not a native, and it is my view that he should be ily tried by a stipendiary, police, or resident magis­ subject to the provisions of the Native Administra­ trate." tion Act as though he were not a native. The posi­ The object of that section was to abolish juries in tion otherwise is absurd, and is bound to militate such cases and leave the matter entirely to the magis­ against natives being exempted, because having been trate. It lias been ruled that the offence of assaulting exempted we could not penalise them for interfering a native within the meaning of this section is what with or still more or less living as natives. I think is known as a common assault, and is a less serious there should be a proviso or an amendment to the form of assault punishable under Sections 313 and following effect:— 321 of the Criminal Code. If, however, the assault is Any native exempted under this section shall more serious and comes within any of the sections 314 enjoy all the rights and privileges of citizenship to 318 of the Criminal Code, then section C2 of the enjoyed by persons other than natives domiciled Native Administration Act does not apply. Under in Western Australia, and shall be subject to the the Criminal Code an offence of the nature under dis­ pains and penalties provided for a breach of the cussion is punishable with three years' hard labour provisions of the Native Administration Act not­ and much more serious than a common assault. Con­ withstanding any other law or Act to the sequently if taken under the Criminal Code a jury contrary. would be empanelled and our object would be 1 may add that this would give an exempted native defeated. It was my view that Section 62 of the the privilege of exercising the franchise, which a Native Administration Act should be amended to en­ clause in the Electoral Act debars him from doing able the word "assault" to include any act of assault at the present time, whether exempted or otherwise. not causing the death of the person assaulted, and if th.mght advisable add that the punishment inflicted for similar offences under the Criminal Code might ACT AND REGULATIONS. upon conviction be imposed. The object of the sec­ The new Act in general is a vast improvement tion in the Native Administration Act was to do upon the Aborigines Act of 1905, but it has hardly away with juries when trying such cases, but if cases yet been tried out. Such an Act contemplates, as is of this nature are to be taken under the Criminal clearly shown by section 68, the provision of suitable Code then that object is nullified. The provision in regulations to enable the machine to work, so to our Act, on the assumption that it implies this, has speak. If this "lubrication" is denied it, the De­ received favourable comment throughout Australia partment must perforce take action directly under and in England. the relevant sections of the Act, often a difficult and irksome proceeding, irritating to all concerned, col­ Section 63 (4).—The last sentence of this sub­ oured or otherwise. Therefore regulations, especially section is as follows:—"Provided the wife of an necessary where human beings and their relations to­ accused native shall not be a compellable witness." wards one another are involved, are essential. With-

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 0 out them the Department must inevitably be charged are many other similar instances of fertility, and there in some respects with failing to do its job. It would is one family group that I know of, though I have be accused of imposing restrictive provisions, failure not the exact details, where the grandchildren and their to assist individuals, cumbersome methods, and what children now must number at least one hundred. not. Few people know or study the Act, but a know­ Dividing the State into three sections for the pur­ ledge of those regulations of particular interest to poses of comparison, it will be seen that there were individuals is easily acquired. 7,169 natives in the Kimberley, 4,368 in the North- If there were to have been no regulations, the sec­ West and Murchison, and 4,947 on the Goldfields and tions of the Act might have been rendered much more in the South-west, including South Coastal Districts, expansive or comprehensive. As it is, Parliament all exclusive of those outside the confines of civilisa­ provided a section with no less than seventeen sub­ tion. sections enabling regulations to be made covering every possible contingency. In the early part of the RESERVES AND PROHIBITED AREAS. year a new set of regulations was drafted remodel­ The total area devoted to Reserves for Natives in ling and including at the same time many already in existence. These new regulations were carefully Western Australia was, at the 30th June, 1937, framed in the light of many years' experience, some 30,859,857 acres, 6,137,540 additional acres having being based upon those in use in Queensland and been gazetted during the year. The extension of certain other States of Australia, while those made Reserve 17614 accounted for 5,793,400 acres of this under the Child Welfare Act were extensively drawn increase. upon as a model. Actually these regulations became Reserve 17614, which is the large area lying along law in April, 1938, but within the period covered the State's eastern boundary contiguous to similar by this report had not been presented to Parliament. reserves in South Australia and the Northern Terri­ tory, was extended westwards to junction with Re­ POPULATION. serve 21471 (Warburton) so that the whole might The statement at pages 24 and 25 supplies details be embraced in one area comprising 19,809,400 acres. of the native population throughout the State as at New Reserves of 146,000 acres in the Laverton dis­ tlie 30th June last. Summarised the comparative trict and 198,000 acres in the Marble Bar district position is as follows:— were declared during the year. Several smaller areas were likewise set aside for the use of natives. 30th June, 1937. 30th June, 1938. Full-bloods .. 12,118 Full-bloods .. 11,882 In view of developments at Yampi Sound the areas All others .. 4,209 All others .. 4,60:" known as Cockatoo and Koolan Islands were declared Unclassified and Unclassified a n d beyond the influ- beyond the influ­ by Proclamation issued on 9th November, 1937, to ence of civilisa- enco of civilisa­ be prohibited areas for natives. tion .. .. 10,000 tion .. .. 10,000 In February, 1937, we were approached by the 26,327 26,484 late Dr. Charles Chewings, of Adelaide, on behalf of the proposal to despatch to this State a scientific ex­ This indicates that there has been an increase of pedition sponsored by Professor Frobenius of the 157 in the total as compared with the previous year. Frankfurt Museum, Germany. On the matter being The full-bloods have decreased by 236, and all other further pursued and the Commonwealth Authorities coloured people have increased by 393. To 11,882 raising no objection to the entry of such a party for full-bloods there are 1,761 children under twelve a period of twelve months or longer if necessary, the years of age, whereas to 4,602 coloured people there arrangements were finalised by the Native Affairs are 1,955 such children. The indications are that in Department. The Government here approved of the the case of these unclassified people beyond the con­ proposal in August, 3937, but it was not until March, fines of civilisation the sparcity of children is still 1938, that the party reached the State. This party, more marked. led by Dr. Helmut Petri, included Mr. Douglas Fox, In that portion of the South-West extending from Dr. Andreas Lommell, Frau Agnes Schulz and Geraldton to Esperance westwards of a line drawn Fraulein Gerta Kleist. It was the intention of the between Mullewa and the last-named plaoe, ten years party to proceed to the Northern Kimberley area ago there were 1,647 coloured people. To-day there with a view to studying the social systems and culture are 2,950. Full-bloods in the same area during the of the natives as well as the rock paintings and native same decennial period have decreased from 719 to art galleries to be found throughout that district, and 648. In the whole State ten years ago there were the ladies of the party, being artists, to make repro­ 2,754 coloured people. To-day, as stated, there are ductions of the drawings. The necessary bond having 4,602. There are to-day more than Ave times as many been provided by a prominent German resident of coloured people in the State as there were thirty- Sydney, a permit in accordance with the Regulations four years ago. was issued by the Hon. Chief Secretary. This permit while granting- permission to the party to The increase noted in certain families is marked. enter native reserves and take photographs and mov­ For example, a little less than twenty years ago we ing pictures and collect ethnological specimens admitted to Moore River Native Settlement a man and therein, limited such collection and stipulated that a his wife, with a family of ten ranging from twenty third of the objects secured were to be retained for years of age downwards. Some of the sons and the Perth Museum. The usual safeguards in regard daughters married inmates of the Settlement, and all, to the taking and publishing of photographs were including the parents, subsequently left to earn their likewise applied. At the end of the period covered living in the country. Already the number of grand­ by this report the party was still in Kimberley and children of the original couple is no less than thirty- was by arrangement making the Department's Mnnja five, and of the whole family none has died. There Native Station its headquarters.

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Permission was sought by the Western Australian Annual Report. On account of the continued prevalence University to accord a similar privilege to Mr. P>. of leprosy in the Kimberley Division searching examin­ ations have been warranted and this being the case, Pentony who, it was agreed, should accompany the more time has been devoted to this region than to other Frobenius party. While Mr. Pentony was accorded districts. permission to take photographs, it was not deemed4 But the Port Hedland, Marble Mar, Nullaginc, Koe- desirable to permit any further collection of native bourne, Tableland and Eastern Goldfields areas as well objects concurrently with the permission alreadyv ;is parts of the Ashburton, Gascoyne and Murchison given to the other members of the party, particularly districts have also been visited, so that it has again been possible this year to make a fairly wide survey as arrangements had already been entered into forr of those parts, in which experience has taught us disease the local Museum to benefit therefrom. . is known to exist. In May last permission was accorded Dr. A. Capell,, As this report is written on tour without all my data ' available to me, I am not able to particularise nor to M.A., science worker under the auspices of the,! give statistics and figures. I would make the general National Research Committee (Anthropological1 statement that the health of natives in some districts Sub-Committee) to enter reserves in the North. Dr. has improved, whilst in others it remains much the OapeH is carrying out research in linguistics and is i arac For instance, venereal disease has definitely de­ creased in the Port Hedland and Marble Bar districts, still so engaged in the North. and in the Eastern Goldfields I have not found the Mr. P. Hasluck of the "West Australian" news­ same number of cases as in previous years. In the Kimberleys the position has not greatly altered, for paper was again granted permission to enter reserves leprosy is still fairly prevalent and eases continue to and camps in the South-West. show up. Here also an interesting medical problem lias arisen. INSPECTIONS. Because of the establishment of the Commonwealth Laboratory at Broome, it has been possible to carry The Medical Inspector, Dr. Davis, continued hiss out more blood tests than heretofore, mainly for the travels mainly in the North, and altogether traversed' purpose of investigating obscure lesions of doubtful about 9,818 miles conducting examinations and1 origin. These tests have brought to light the interest­ arranging the hospitalisation of the sick and diseased. ing fact that positive reactions suggesting either here­ ditary or latent syphilis have been obtained in appar­ Mr. A. T. Woodland, Manager of Moola Bulla ently healthy natives, and also in natives whose com- Native Station, who was also appointed Acting> plaints did not have the imprimatur of clinical syphilis, Inspector in March, 1937, continued to travel withini Now it is also a fact that the same positive reaction is his district with excellent results. Unfortunately Mr. given in yaws and we know that yaws is present in Woodland found the work rather too much for him this country on account of the fact that "boomerang" legs and other evidence of it is frequently met with. and requested to be allowed to resume his former Without going too deeply into detail, it is very import­ duties. This was agreed to and while he still con­ ant that we should know which, if either, of these tinues to carry out inspections in East Kimberley asi diseases is giving the reaction or whether there is some required, it is intended shortly to appoint a full time, factor in the blood of the native which is upsetting the tost. Again, as the reaction is given in cases which Inspector for the North. I am also asking that a" are frankly suffering from granuloma, we must know similar appointment be made for the South and Gold- whether granuloma itself will give a positive Wasser- fields. man reaction. This then is the problem which is in process of being solved. If it be yaws, it is not of My own inspections were confined to Southern such great consequence, but if it be syphilis it is parts and Goldfields generally wherein I traversed fraught with grave consequences and may in that event, nearly 7,000 miles within the year. bo found to be one of the reasons for the non-reproduc­ tion of the race.

HEALTH. Leprosy. The health of the people was generally good, there This disease continues to be present in the Kimber­ leys and about thirty cases have been discovered this being no outbreak of an epidemic nature. There is, year. They have been drawn from the same regions however, probably a greater degree of malnutrition as previous cases indicated by the map in last year's amongst our coloured people than amongst any other report. There is no reason to believe that the area of section of the community. Trachoma and other eye incidence has spread, for whilst one or two cases have affections give a good deal of trouble. The infectious been drawn from East Kimberley, the great majority are from the West Kimberley coastline and the basin nature of the former demands the exercise of increas­ of the Fitzroy Biver. No cases were detected in the ing vigilance to detect affected cases, as the natives Ro.bourne-Onslow districts this year. themselves seldom report such matters. The power given under the amended Act to compel Venereal Disease. Generally speaking, granuloma is on the decline, sick natives to receive medical treatment has proved whilst gonorrhoea remains very little altered in inci­ of great value. Some natives, having been brought in, (dence . The recent introduction of more advanced me­ have decamped only to be recovered more than once ithod s of treatment in the various native hospitals on until complete cure has resulted. These, although Ith e coast has had a material influence in lowering the number of cases of granuloma, in that a certain pro­ objecting so strongly to treatment in the first instance, ' portion which Recurred previously and therefore in­ Lave usually expressed gratitude to us in the end. ]crease d the spread, are now permanently cured. But Free dental attention has been provided in a large 1th e new methods have not yet been sufficiently long in practice to have the fullest effect. number of instances, and the provision of dentures ' in many cases has been very much appreciated and Other Diseases. has no doubt led to improved health. I have also met with the usual variety of illnesses Following is the Report upon the health of the whic' h appear in the hospital returns. Ocular diseases are still fairly prevalent. Blindness seems slightly less natives, submitted by Dr. A. P. Davis, Medical ! mainly because it is usually seen in the aged and indi­ Inspector:— gent' , some of whom have died during the year. Malaria During the year 1937-38 examinations of natives have 1ha s not been prevalent, the seasons being against it, been continued on various tours in substantially the ian d epidemics of colds and influenza have not been same parts of the State as set out in detail in the last ia s severe this winter and have not accounted for as

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many deaths as ia some acute years. In conclusion, No. of Natives Leprosy, V.li. Blind. Other. the health of natives remains for the most part uni­ Place of Examination. examined. formly good, and the percentage incidence of sickness as I sec it has not materially altered. Jubilee Downs Station .... 33 The native hospitals and various native clinics con­ Kirkalocka Station 1 Karonie 1(1(1 tinue to gain the confidence of the natives and to do Kellerberi'in II uniformly good work, those in charge being unfailing Koolan Island in their efforts to alleviate the illnesses of their charges. EClmberley Downs Station lis Louisa Downs Station .... 28 It is sincerely to bo hoped that funds will be available l.ulnlgi Station 8 to give the Koebourne Tableland district a native hos­ La Grange .... :15 pital and to so extend the chain of these coastal insti­ Laverton 4(i l.einster Downs Station .... 4 tutions which have been such a great benefit further Mulvie Station 12 north. Murramunda Station 6 .Miindiwindi 12 Meekatharra 12 The Table next following indicates the number of Mt. Wlnclarra Station ... 1 Mt. Weld Station 3 natives examined during the year under review by Mt. .Margaret Mission 74 the Medical Inspector, where these examinations took Munarra Station 2 Menzies place, and what they disclosed. Omitting blindness, Margaret Station Mvroodah Station 28 1 it will be seen that the inspection reveals that only Mt. Amherst station 24 1 about 8 per cent, of the natives examined were MHIwindie Station Hi Mt. Home Station •u i alfeeted by any illness at all, and of the diseases Mania Native Station .... S7 n Mulvie Ktlrlck II i venereal diseases predominated. Minor temporary Mulvie Station III I affections are not included. Mueean Station Hi Mundahullangana Mardie Station No. of Mia Mia Slation Place of Examination. Natives Leprosy. V.l> mind. Middalya Station 4 examined. Minnie Creek Station III Broad Arrow S Mt, Augustus Station K Bardock ...... *.... 2 Mulgul Station 0 Bohemia Station 10 Mt. Vernon Station l:i ISalfotir Downs Station .... 111 Margaret Downs Station .... 2t Ilungalow Station :!o 1 Mabel Downs Station .... Broome (Interior) s Nullagine hrooking Springs Station •iii ; Norseman HI llelele Station 1L' Nannine 11 Bulla Downs Station 7 NoonkanLah Station Cahvynyardah station 7 Payne's Find li Coolgardie (Woodline) S ". Peedamillla Station 13 Chernhun Station .... :(8 2 Pardoo Slation 21 Chestnut Bore Station .... 1 Peak Hill and Horseshoe .... 0 Christmas Creek Station .... 22 I'olelle Station 4 Cunile Park Station 7 Roelutek Plains Station .... :» Coolgardie SO lioekhole Station ti Cox's Find, ria Laverton .... 45 Southern Cross .v: Cardawan Station Turkey Creek 15 Coamarfna Station 4:! Tareoola station 1 Harlot 5 "i 'I'uree Creek Station Danipier Downs Station .... 22 1 Talawanna station Denham River Station .... :12 Thangoo Station Do Grey Station 25 "i IJpper Liverings Station .... is Krllstoun Station 7 Wvndham Town .. . :!7 Ethel Creek Station 26 ... Wyndhain (20-mlle) I Kllendale station 11 Warralong Station F.ttrick Station 1 "i Walgall Station Fossil Downs Station 71 1 2 Wihinn Fitzroy Crossing Gamp .... 27 2 1 Weeho Slation :ll Fitzroy Crossing Hole ia Warrawaglne station 1 •; Kitzroy Crossing (Post Of­ 7 1 Wanalgee Station 1 fice) Willlauiourv station HI "l Gilford Creek Station HI 1 Woodlands Station I (Jreenvalc Station :s Wogarno Station 1 Hill Station 10 Wongan Hills Hall's (.'reek Town 17 Yarrie Station "i I I Ida H. via Laverton '•> Varraloola station i i .llgalong Depot 4 5 Vampi Sound 13 is on

Statement showing the Total Number of Cases of Sickness and Disease discovered by the Medical Inspector to 30th June last in the various parts of the State so far examined.

No. of Venereal Other Division. Leprosy. Blindness. Examinations. Disease. Complaints.

Kimberley 4,863 66 173 68 85 North-West 2,172 2 67 22 94 Eastern 894 1 28 19 57 South-Western 53

Totals 7,982 69 268 109 236

The difficulty of dealing with the question of patients are well enough to undertake the overland leprosy in the Far North in that portion of the journey to the leprosarium it is sometimes possible to Kimberleys beyond the Leopold Kanges has been send them off with other natives to look after them on emphasised of late in various ways. Our Medical the way, and this has been done successfully on at Ollicer has visited llunja Station annually and found least two occasions. This course, however, only partly (here assembled a number of natives whom he has meets the position. Others, upon discovering them­ examined and amongst whom he 1ms invariably found selves to be afflicted, have fled into the interior. a few lepers. The difficulty at once arises of holding I would here add that our Northern Native Hos­ these lepers until transport can be arranged. If the pitals are not equipped with suitable holding com-

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 9 pounds or isolation wards where patients afflicted I am pleased to have seen a year so free of infeetious with leprosy can be held pending transport to the and contagious diseases. * leprosarium being arranged for them. I have asked During the period under review a total of 10 visits were made to Moore River Native Settlement, 4 being for the appropriation of a sufficient sum of money on special visits urgently called for to serious cases. this account. Records show 354 cases were examined, though many others were seen and examined where records were not At Munja Native Station there is no compound or considered necessary, such as, amongst others, the in­ other such structure within which native patients fants in the kindergarten block. It is possible to can be confined until transport is available or can be report a clean sheet in so far as the chronic sores once arranged. Transport by sea, which is certainly the so prevalent are concerned. best course, cannot be undertaken in certain months This latter result in my opinion has been the fruit of the year, and only with difficulty and at great of a more liberal milk supply, vegetables, fruit, as well as measures taken to deal with bugs, which played no expense at other times. The Kunmunya Mission small part in conveying infection. These insects dur­ vessel which for nine months of the year conducts a ing my examination of the sleeping quarters have been regular service to Broome, calling at Munja, convey­ much less in evidence. ing mails, cargo and passengers, is not available for A very gratifying feature noticed was the great im­ the transport of lepers, consequently special arrange­ provement in the general health of the younger inmates. This is not only my opinion, but has been observed by ments require to be made to this end. It has been others who have several times visited the settlement and stated more than once lately that there is a good deal who were qualified to express such an opinion. of sickness amongst the natives throughout this terri­ There have been no epidemics of infectious or con­ tory, but we are not in a position to know whether tagious disease's—a very marked contrast with previous it is leprosy, yaws, venereal disease, or something of yeara. , a less serious nature. At present we depend upon Dealing with the question of epidemics, the desira­ natives suffering from disease presenting themselves bility of immunisation against diphtheria should be stressed. at our Munja Station, at Kunmunya Mission or the The erection of the kindergarten block has already few private stations in the District, but we know by proved an admirable step in the interests of the younger experience that some are too timid to do this and children, and the work of Miss Marshall, who is in there is every probability that disease exists of which charge of the kindergarten, is deserving of much praise we are not at present aware. Thus there is a feeling for the good results shown. It is to be hoped that before long the present hospital may be found of use of uncertainty in this regard which is having a dele­ for some other purpose, and that a building more ap­ terious effect upon the community generally, although proaching a hospital will replace it. the community is an extremely small one. If this It is with regret this suggestion has to be made, be­ territory is to be rendered clean with every hope of cause the present well and strongly built cool hospital future settlement, something more efficient and dras­ is nothing like what it should be to give help to those tic, should be immediately undertaken. For the sake who have been and will be admitted. It is too dark and unsuitable for the purpose. of the natives T consider steps should be taken as soon as possible to ensure that every native in the The need of a larger number of double-certificated nurses is felt, especially where so many midwifery cases area is examined, and if found to be diseased brought are confined. Then' is a risk to such cases being at­ in for treatment. There should be no escape fromi tended to in a ward with all classes of patients when this examination. It is my opinion that during the only two large wards arc provided. There are still next dry season two well-equipped parties should anil most likely will be more or less always a very con­ siderable number of chronic sore eyes when the inmates traverse this country from end to end, get in touch come from all over the State. with every native within it, and either have them The general improvement to be noticed reflects very brought into places where they can receive attention, greatly to the care and attention of the Superintendent, or be examined on the spot. I think the former course Matron and staff generally. would be the best one because, if examined on the My professional work has been made considerably spot and released again, confusion would be likely to easier as a result of the splendid co-operation of the arise?. T do not think the numbers are very great, and Superintendent, Matron and nurses on the occasions when my visits have been made. A matter of no little (he project seems to me to be feasible, but it would help is the assistance of the Commissioner of Native represent a fair amount of expenditure which, how­ Affairs in readily supplying such requirements as have ever, would be quite justified in the long run in the been found necessary, including drugs, which in many interests of the community generally. The sooner instances are expensive but are necessary, and to him I desire to express my thanks for much help in such something of this nature is undertaken the better, and matters. it would be followed by a restoration of confidence It shows that in such matters, and in all matters throughout the Kimberleys. It stands to reason that where anything can be done to help the inmates, help even after that, leper natives will turn up, because is readily given. there must be some already infected, but the position P.S.—I overlooked stating that inspections of dining by that time would be well in hand and sporadic cases halls, outbuildings, sleeping quarters and the recently- easily dealt with. erected cottages are periodically made by me. Fort Hedland Native Hospital.—There was an Midlands District Hospital, Moore River.—Admis• increase in the number of patients admitted, these sions for the year numbered 257, which, in addition being 1'23 as compared with 104 in the previous year. to 25 patients already in hospital, brought the total There were 17 patients in the institution at the close up to 282. Of these, 254 were discharged cured, 4 of the previous year, making the total number treated died, and 3 absconded, leaving 21 patients in the 140. Of these, 115 were discharged cured, 8 died, hospital at the end of the year. leaving 17 patients in the institution at the end of the year. The following report has been submitted by Dr. W. S. Miles, of Moora, who is the visiting medical The following report has been submitted by Dr. o llicer:— Allan R. Vickers, Medical Officer to the Hospital:— I now enclose my Annual Report, which I trust I beg to submit my report on the operations of the 'nay be of some information to you. native hospi al for the year ended 30th June, 1938.

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Couipiaints for which patients were treated were as A number of syphilitic patients had granuloma also, follows:— and a number of cases treated for other diseases were General—86 (Medical 45, Surgical 37, Midwifery also treated for ring worm. 4 (including 17 operations—7 major and 10 minor)). The following interesting remarks are extracted Venereal—52 (Gonorrhoea 30, Granuloma 18, from a report by Mr. H. Ulrich who, with his wife, in Syphilis 4). the capacity of Officer-in-Charge and Matron, respec­ For Observation—4 (nil abnormal detected). tively, are in charge of this Institution:— Of the eight deaths which occurred, all were due to Herewith an outline of work done at the Native Hos­ general causes, none being due to venereal disease. pital, Derby, from the date of taking over to the 30th A pleasing feature of these figures as compared with June, 1938. those of last year is the decrease in the number of venereal cases coming for treatment. Most of the ven­ Our very fine theatre has been a great boon, as you ereal cases that one sees now come in at an early stage will see by the number of operations performed during the year. and respond well to treatment. T feel sure that the amount of venereal disease amongst natives in this We are very pleased to state that some of our patients district is definitely declining. have asked to be brought into hospital for treatment There is a marked increase in the number of general of their own free will. Upon being discharged, one cases admitted. This, I feel sure, does not indicate man who had had two operations promised to return that the natives are less healthy, but rather that the if his complaint got bad again. He kept his promise, hospital has their confidence, so that they come in was operated on once more, and has now been dis­ without hesitation whenever they become ill. This de­ charged again in a better condition than he has been sirable state of affairs is in no small measure due to in for years. the kind and efficient management of the hospital staff, There have been a number of improvements to the Mr. and Mrs. Bisley. hospital since we took over. Derby Nat ire Hospital.—There were 12 patients in The biggest benefit to the hospital is the beds, which this hospital at the beginning of the year, while the have proved very necessary, especially for the clean number admitted during the year was 64, making a nursing of all very sick and operation cases. total of 7(i undergoing treatment. Of these, 52 were Many people seem to think that the natives would discharged cured, 4 died, and one absconded, leaving never use beds. We have found that they prefer beds, 20 patients in the hospital at the close of the year. especially when really sick, and do not like having to give them up for more urgent cases. The following report has been submitted by Dr. H. For the patients who are well enough and prefer to F. Hustler, Medical Oflicer to the Hospital:— sleep out in the open on the ground, we have two large Please find attached a list of medical activities con­ bush shelters, well protected from the weather by good ducted at the Derby Native Hospital for the year end­ wind breaks. These shelters are used during the day ing :i0th June, 1938. by all patients. Diseases Treated at the Derby Native Hospital from Every Sunday morning Mrs. Ulrich holds a short 12th June, 1937, to SOth June, 1938. Sunday school service for the girls, and any of the patients wishing to attend may do so. I am pleased 12/0/38—16 patients were taken over . . Hi to say that most of the women attend and occasionally Admitted to 30/6/38 <>•"> some of the men. The service seems to be enjoyed by- all, especially when she uses the gramophone for the Total patients treated . . . . 81 hymns, as all natives love music. Complaints Treated. Native Selp.—Some of the patients have at times Granuloma . . 18 been very useful workers around the place. The out­ Syphilis (or Yaws)* 11 standing male of last year was Waddy, of Udialla Accidents . . 10 Station. This boy was a very willing worker and could Teeth extractions 7 do almost anything and be left to do the work him­ King Worm 4 self. Conjunctivitis 4 The outstanding woman of last year was Maggie, Impetigo • > alias Gunjawarla, of Napier Downs. This woman was Rheumatism *» a great help to Mrs. Ulrich in the care and nursing of Influenza '.'. '.'. 1 Nallan, her husband. She watched Nallan day and Cardiac failure 1 night after his serious operation, calling Mrs. Ulrich Confinement 1 at all times if she thought her man was worse or un­ Pneumonia 1 comfortable. Her care went a long way in saving Gastritis 1 Nallan'8 life. Leprosy (transferred) 1 Operations (as under) .. 11 The natives on the whole are easily managed. They never try to avoid their treatment, as they are usually Operations. anxious to be cured of their trouble. 1. Incision and curettage of sinus in ankle. We find that the majority of the natives are clean 2. Sequestrectomy. when given the opportunity to be so, bathing once a 3. Suprapubic drainage of bladder. day, and keeping their clothes clean and tidy. Of 4. Excision of scar tissue. course there are exceptions, but when told to bath or 5. External urethorotomy. wash their clothes will always do so. 6. External urethorotomy. 7. Excision of perineal abscess and repair of The average native we have had in hospital is rea­ urethra. sonably honest. Very little pilfering has been done 8. Circumcision. by them, but they will barter their clothes, etc., away 9. Excision of granuloma. for any old rubbish, if not watched. 10. Dilitation of urethra. Our aim while treating the natives here has been 11. Trephine for fracture of skull. lo giiin their confidence so that they will always re­ Deaths. turn here of their own free will when they become ill 1. Senile decay. again. To a great extent I believe we have done so, 2. Uraemia and syphilis. as a number have already returned for treatment for 3. Cardiac failure. a second time. 4. Fractured skull. Wyndham Native Hospital.—There were 16 patients * These patients showed a positive Wasserinann re­ in hospital on 1st July, 1937, and up to the 30th action. There is some difficulty in distinguishing be­ June following 143 more were admitted. Of these tween the two diseases.

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132 were discharged, 9 absconded, and 4 died, leaving Nature of Cases Treated. 14 still in hospital. Medical— Appendicitis ...... 1 The following report has been submitted by Dr. A. Aged and infirm ...... 2 J. King, Medical Officer to the Hospital:— Boils 1 I am enclosing a record of patients treated at the Wyndham Native Hospital for the year ending 30th Cystitis 1 .Tune. Cerebral syphilis ...... 1 It can be seen that the provision of the hospital was Centipede bite ...... 1 fully justified. Further bed space is, however, required Corneal ulcer . . '.. . . 1 for the more seriously ill patients, and the completion Dysmenorrhoea • • • . .. .. 1 of the verandah around the existing treatment block is justified for this purpose. Diabetes ...... 1 It has been gratifying to see that even '' bush Dietetic adjustment for infant . . . . 1 natives" have recently been coming into the hospital BacHlary dysentery ...... 1 of their own accord for treatment. This has no doubt Granulomn ...... 15 been largely due to the extreme kindness in treatment Gonorrhoea ...... 7 they receive at the hands of the Sister-in-Charge, Mrs. J. Harrison. Papilloma of nose ...... 1 Hookworm ...... 2 Tt is my opinion that witli the continued operation of the hospital the spread of disease, venereal disease Lymphadenoma inguinale . . •. .. 1 in particular, will be checked, and in a few years mini­ Influenza ...... 1." mised in this area. Malnutrition ...... 1 Total number of patients admitted—143. Nocturnal enuresis ...... 1 Classification—• Pyelitis ...... 1 A.—General— Lobar pneumonia ...... 1 (a) Surgical: Rheumatism ...... 3 Major operations 19 Salpingitis ...... 1 Minor operations 12 Minor surgical cases (infected Stomatitis ...... ' .. .. 1 wounds, etc.) 20 Trachoma ...... 1 57 Tropical ringworm ...... 1 (b) Medical: Varicose veins ...... 1 General 19 Tertiary syphilis (treated at White Hospital) 1 Yaws 11 Tuberculosis Surgical— Leprosy, transferred to Derby Bartholin abscess ...... 1 35 Burns ...... 1 B.—Venereal— Bead in ear ...... 1 Granuloma inguinale 36 Dislocated shoulder ...... 1 Gonorrhoea 10 Fractured clavicle ...... 3 Syphilis 2 Fractured tibia ...... 1 48 Fractured humerus ...... 1 0.—Midwifery— Compound fractured jaw .. . . 1 Cases Fibroid uteri ...... 3 Head wounds ...... 1 Severe. head and body wounds .. .. 1 143 Osteomyelitis ...... 2 Breast abscess ...... 1 Deaths. Septic hands and feet ...... 8 Venereal disease (granuloma) Traumatic arthritis ...... 1 General: Betroverted uterus ...... 1 Tuberculosis Carcinoma Observations— Myocardial failure Query appendicitis ...... 1 Examinations— Broome Native Hospital.—This hospital started in P.V. and general ...... 4 active operation on 26th July, 1937. The number of patients admitted to 30th June, 1933, was 108; of Midwifery- these two patients died and 88 were discharged as Births 2 cured, leaving 18 in hospital at the end of June, 1938. Leprosy held pending transfer .. 3 The following report has been submitted by Dr. P. Operations at Native Hospital. R. Wallace, Medical Officer to the hospital:— Circumcisions ...... 3 Surgical removal of bead from ear .. 1 The Broome Native Hospital admitted its first patient on 26th July, 1937. From that date to 30th June, 1938, Excision of papilloma of nose .. .. 1 much work has been done in the treating of natives, Reduction dislocated shoulder .. .. 1 and also on improvements to the hospital. As this is Incision of infected hands ...... 3 the first year in the life of the hospital, I would like Tooth extractions (patients) .. .. 6 to give a brief account of the number of cases treated Granuloma cauterised ...... 7 and the type of disease encountered. Operations at White Hospital. The patients treated come from a very large area, Appendicectomy for acute appendicitis extending as far south as Frazier Downs Station and (one quarter-caste) ...... 2 north to Kunmunya Mission, inland to Jcegully, about Hysterectomies ...... 2 80 miles from Broome. Laparotomies ...... 2 Drainage of Suppurative arthritis of elbow Number of Patients Treated. joint 1 In-patients ...... 108 Excision of thyreoglossal fistula .. .. I Intravenous injections ...... 244 Tonsillectomies ...... 2 Intramuscular injections ...... 31 Deaths—2 (one at hospital; one an out­ Number of outpatients treated .. . . 56 patient at ration camp).

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Nature of cases treated. DEATHS, 1937-38. Medical. Children Roils under Bites (insect and dog) Adults. 10 years. Total. Chicken pox M. F. M. F. Constipation Abortion 1 1 Diabetes Accident o (i Diarrhoea Arteria Sclerosis I 1 Elbow injury Cerebral Haemorrhage o 1 3 Influenza .. 10 Carcenoma of face 1 1 Balanitis Cancer 2 2 Ophthalmia purulent Convulsions 1 1 Conjunctivitis Debility 30 20 •> 52 P. V. examination Diabetes 1 1 Quinsy Fits 1 1 Stomatitis (thrush) Fever 1 1 Retention of urine Gastro-1ntestinal Affections 2 2 1 3 8 Heart Failure 3 2 1 2 8 2 Inpatients Internal trouble ... 2 4 .. 109 Kidney trouble Outpatients .. 5 Abrasion of ankle ...... 1 Pericarditis ...... 1 1 Circumcision ...... ] Respiratory Affections 23 i) 8 11 51 Discharging fistula ...... 1 Stillborn 4 4 8 Gonorrhoea (injections) ...... ] Snake Bite 1 Septic limbs, etc...... (i Tetanus i 1 Scalp wound ...... 1 "l i "i 2 Removal of needle from forearm .. . . ] Toxaemia ... 1 •2 3 Tribal Affrays 2 2 From the above account it can be seen that the types Ureamia 1 1 of disease approximate very closely to what is found in Venereal Disease ... •) 4 0 a white community. The results of treatment have been very good, due mainly to the good mirsing attention re­ 85 52 22 27 181) ceived from the staff. The hospital is at present suffering from a great lack 137 49 of accommodation particularly felt in the rainy season and the cold south-east weather. Electric light would 180 be a very helpful adjunct as it is hardly possible to work at night under the existing conditions, namely, hurricane NATIVES' MEDICAL FUND (VOLUNTARY). lamps. At pages 20 and 27 will be found statements cover­ As there is a fair amount of surgical work done and ing the operation of the above Fund for the twelve on account of a better type of half-caste patient existing months ended 30th .June, 1038. here more surgical, medical and theatre accommodation is required, which I believe is receiving consideration. These statements have been prepared on the basis As regards treatment, one interesting factor has been of actual receipts and payments for the twelve brought to light, that is if granulomas are treated with months and other amounts which should be taken a paquoin cautery besides the routine course of injec­ into account when reviewing the position of the Fund tions, the condition is found to clear up much quicker. are brought to notice in the following explanatory Many improvements have been made around the hos­ notes. pital since its inception; all the outbuildings have been taylorited, the outside of the staff quarters has had two Contributions.—A total of 1,071 permits covering coats of paint applied and also the whole of the interior 3,665 natives were recorded to 30th June and of this has been painted by the staff. Lawns have been planted number 713 employers covered 2,532 natives under in the front and back of the staff quarters. A consider­ able amount of scrub has been cleared and a six-wire the Fund contributing a gross total of £2,356 10s. fence placed around the staff quarters and outbuildings. All this work has been done by the staff, who take a keen When the statutory fund was discontinued, owing interest in the smooth and efficient working of the hos­ to the regulations framed under Section 36 being dis­ pital. T would like to mention that a storeroom for the allowed by the Legislature and the voluntary Fund ration supplies is very urgently needed as at the present was instituted, it is pleasing to record that only 18 moment these cannot be kept rat and vermin proof. employers who held permits to employ 113 natives Considering the disabilities that we have had to work withdrew their contributions from the Fund. The under and also the fact that we have been feeling our average per native contributed for works out at way in establishing a new institution, I feel that the standard of work is very satisfactory, the results excel­ 18s. 8d. Three hundred and fifty-eight employers who lent, and the confidence established in the natives as were granted permits to employ 1,133 natives did not regards this hospital very satisfactory. As conditions make any contribution, rendering 33.3 per cent, em­ improve I feel that the results will be even more satis­ ployers and 30.9 per cent, natives not competent to factory. receive benefits under the Fund. At the end of the Death*.—The total number of deaths reported to year there was an amount of £61 5s. in contributions the Department was 186 as indicated in the following outstanding but most of this amount has since been statement. This was 5 less than for the previous year accounted for by a reduction in the number of natives and the lowest for seven years. originally covered under permit and these adjust­ ments were made prior to taking out the statement. Of the total, 131 were full-bloods and 55 of var­ ious castes. Claims Paid.—The summary affords an interesting comparison between the total amount of contribu­ As usual, debility or senile decay and pumonary tions received and claims paid at the various permit complaints account for the majority of the deaths. issuing centres.

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In the majority of instances the contributions made and in the latter when rendered by Governmental or in each district were more than sufficient to meet the Goverumentally assisted hospitals the accounts have clainu received for sick natives in the same district been written off. but there were three districts where this did not When this section of my report was compiled the obtain, viz., Port Hedland, Munja and Lake Grace. • balance in hand had been greatly reduced and the However, this does not prove anything of great position was as under:— value for the scheme is a co-operative one for the £ s. d. £ s. d. whole State and the contribution was not fixed on a Balance in hand at end of year . . 1,239 9 4 district basis. Less— Claims paid and awaiting Of 2,532 employed natives covered, only 306 attention 381 16 9 entered hospital or had occasion to seek medical aid, Estimate of claims still to be rendered, say . . . . 250 0 0 representing 12 per cent, of the total. 631 16 9 Claims on behalf of these 306 eases were paid as Estimated balance . . . . £607 12 7 i.ider and the average per native has been given olso:— In view of the contingent liability the Fund carries £ s. d. £ s. d. Doctors . . 56 5 0 = 0 3 8 per native for Workers' Compensation claims, a balance of £607 Hospitals . . 896 18 8 = 2 18 7 „ ,, cannot be deemed unreasonable and I have no doubt Sundries .. 16 17 0 = 0 1 1 „ „ that during the forthcoming year a greater number of claims will be rendered. £970 0 8 = 3 3 4 „ „ As is common with all Funds every claim cannot be Since the close of the financial year other claims rendered and met in the year in which it is incurred, arising within the year amounting to £381 16s. 9d. and consequently a balance is inevitable, but this have been included and were these all paid also claims applies more particularly to our Fund which is State would amount to £1,351 17s. 5d. which equals an wide. nverage cost of £4 8s. 4d. per sick native. The Fund has only completed its first year and it The average individual cost for the total number is a little too early to arrive at any definite deduc­ of natives eovered under the Fund works out at tions, but there is nothing to suggest that the rate. 7s. 8.34d. per native on the basis of claims actually of contribution should be altered at present. paid but when the abovementioned adjustment is No administrative costs have been debited to the made the average rises to 10s. 8.14d. Fund. At time of writing it is very difficult to arrive at General.—In previous years employers when tak­ the contingent amount of claims yet to be received on ing out permits have applied to cover an approximate account of the year just closed but £250 is considered number of natives only, but with the institution of the a conservative estimate. Fund closer attention has been given to this matter The statement which indicates to whom claims have and as a result the number of employees covered been paid is interesting and proves that the applica­ under permit has been reduced from 4,135 in 1936- tion of the Fund is not yet fully understood by doc­ 37 to 3,665 in the current year 1937-38. tors and hospitals not in close touch with the Depart­ In many instances the reduction in the number ment. of natives so covered has been queried and, although This is not accounted for by our omission to supply all cases have been adjusted for the year under re- information as the British Medical Association \ iew, many stations have been listed for inspection (Perth Branch) approved of the scale of charges at a later date. under the Fund and assisted by circularising every On the other hand the reporting of the illness of registered doctor throughout the State whether a natives has led to increased vigilance in following up member of the B.M.A. or not. Even doctors who arej all cases where natives are employed with a view to maintained by the State at towns in the North have seeing that permits have issued, and as a result the failed to render accounts in many instances. number of permits granted this year exceeded those issued during the previous year by 38 per cent. Hospitals, generally, more particularly those eon- trolled by this Department, have not been remiss in It is noticeable that a greater number of cases of rendering accounts against the Fund but in many accidents sustained by natives have been reported. instances committee hospitals in various districts Some of these have been dealt with under the have not rendered legitimate accounts. Here again Workers' Compensation Act, 1912-1924, because the it cannot be attributed to lack of information for employers concerned were not contributors to the the Department of Public Health fully explained in Natives' Medical Fund, a notable case being that of two circulars issued during the year, the manner in the loss of an eye in which the Department secured which accounts for treatment of natives were to be. £300 compensation for the employee. dealt with. A total of 53 accidents was reported for the twelve As is but natural a number of claims rendered months and in all these cases early medical attention against the Fund have been declined on the grounds was given. that the natives were not covered by the Fund, their employers having failed to make a contribution, or While the incidence of illness among natives was that the sick natives were sent in by Missions or were not very marked during the past year, there is a pos­ indigent. sibility that, owing to employers being required by law to defray the cost of the transport of sick natives No record of the amount involved has been kept. to hospital, only those who are seen to be seriously ill In the former instance employers have been debited have been sent in for treatment.

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It might be worth considering raising the contribu­ accounted for increases of 54, doubtless due to dry tion so as to permit the Fund to defray transport weather conditions. costs as well as medical expenses; there would then be no excuse for natives requiring medical attention The assertion made, therefore, that the Depart­ ment's insistence upon the carrying out of the em­ not being sent in to a hospital or doctor. ployment provisions of the Act has contributed to During the year many minor problems raised by •an increase in indigence is not borne out by fact. protectors and employers have been sympathetically The return at pages 28 and 29 supplies all relevant dealt with, and at the close of the first year it may particulars in this connection. be said that the Fund lias been successful and gives promise of being of great benefit to those concerned. My grateful thanks are once more due to the It may also be said that the Fund seems to be appre­ Lotteries Commission for the provision of a sum of ciated by employers generally. £300 to he devoted to Christmas Cheer for the natives throughout. This is £100 more than in previous years. While it must be obvious that from the employers' At 77 centres, therefore, natives received extras in viewpoint the Fund offei's considerable advantages, (he shape of food and gifts at Christmas which were an anomalous position arises so far as the natives are kindly augmented by local residents who also assisted concerned. This will continue until the Fund becomes in its distribution. Acknowledgment is also due to a. statutory one as contemplated by the Act. As it the management of the Economic Stores and the pro­ is, while the native employees (and their dependants) prietors of the "Daily News" for gifts of £5 5s. and of those employers who contribute to the Fund are £5, respectively, to be expended upon Christmas provided for so far as medical attention and hospital­ Cheer for the inmates of Moore River Native Settle­ isation only are concerned, the employees of those ment. This, added' to the provision available from the who do-not contribute to the Fund for whose medical Lotteries Commission donation and many gifts -in attention the employer is responsible, arc placed in kind, enabled the inmates of Moore River to have a a better position as regards compensation in addition. royal time at Christmas, where also each year a This should be rectified. If no compensation is to be Christmas tree is arranged for them by the staff. paid it should be clearly so sitated by legislative enact­ ment. If, on the other hand, native workers are to EMPLOYMENT. receive any compensation at all, then all should be Permits to employ issued numbered 1,071, an in­ treated similarly. If the Fund becomes statutory, crease of 406 as against the previous year while the I think its term might be limited to a period, say, of number of natives employed thereunder decreased by five years because I feel sure that as time goes on 538. This apparent anomaly is due to the inaugura­ the calls upon it to indemnify employers against pay­ tion of the Medical Fund and puts the position more ment of compensation will prove more than its re­ accurately than for years past. In the South-West sources can provide. 415 permits were issued for the employment of 060 Meantime, the benefits which native employees and natives as against 17!) permits covering 309 em­ their dependants are deriving because of the existence ployees in the previous year. The increase of 170 of the Fund far exceeds any such provision made for permits elsewhere in the State covered 187 fewer t hem !>efore its establishment. employees. In the past the general permits issued covered an approximate number of employees only NATIVE COURTS AND TRIALS. and usually more than the actual number required. Only one Native Court was held during the year. Now, where an employer contributes to the Medical This Court sat at Marble Bar to hear a charge of Fund on account of each employee he sees to it that murder. The Resident Magistrate presided and with only the actual number of employees required is him was Mr. J. Bisley, Oflicor-in-Charge of Port covered and that his permit is taken out accordingly. Hedland Native Hospital, who was nominated by • Another effect the Fund has had upon employment is myself. In view of the mitigating circumstances the seen in the increased number of permits issued—in prisoner,, who was adjudged guilty of unlawfully other words the employment conditions of the Act killing, was sentenced to be banished to Moola Bulla are being observed. Native Station, there to be detained during the At Head Office 55 engagements of girls in domes­ Governor's pleasure. tic service were finalised, most of these being girls Because of certain tribal repercussions likely to trained at Moore River Native Settlement and the arise, 1 deemed it advisable to send the prisoner's Girls' Home in Perth. There is still a far greater wife and children with him for their own protection. demand for these girls than we can supply, and sixty-eight girls are at the moment in service under RELIEF. the supervision of the Department. The boys were The average number of natives rationed monthly not quite so readily placed, though there was a fair throughout the year was 2,012, being 167 more than demand for their services. However, 25 of these lads for the previous year. The cost of the rations sup­ are now in constant work. plied was £17,11(1 19s. lid., being £1,673 17s. lid. The return at page 30 supplies the usual particu­ more than for the previous year. The meat ration lars respecting the issue of permits and the number was increased during the year which accounts for of natives employed thereunder. approximately £500 of this. Of the increased numbers requiring relief, 95 were WOMEN AND CHILDREN. admissions to Moore River Native Settlement and Thirty-five warrants under Section 12 Avere issued these, of course, were not in a position to provide for for the removal of 54 persons, 37 of whom were themselves. The increase of indigents otherwise in women and children destined for the Moore River the South-West only amounted to 20 while it was 52 Native Settlement. There were in addition nine elsewhere. Coolgardie and Laverton together children admitted from outside the South-West.

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Twelve children were received from Kimberley enjoyment. Last year wages paid to account plus Stations and placed at Moola Bulla, while 12 others, interest totalled something like £2,000, while with­ all half-caste of the first cross, were located during drawals and investments represented nearly a like the year. amount. While many of them draw all their earn­ Our records now disclose that 84 marriages between ings some are thrifty and content to save all they can for the future, or perhaps to purchase their whites and natives have taken place. trousseaux! Fuder the guidance of the ladies of the During the year a record was kept of the number Department the girls dress well and tastefully and of applications for the Maternity Allowance, ami learn how to use their means to advantage. during that time out of 75 lodged 4!) had boien granted and 13 rejected, the balance being under As to the dearth of domestic labour, surely given consideration at the close of the year. The resolution the means and opportunity, this Department could supply the want to some extent. There are in ou,r of the Canberra Conference in this regard has not yet Southern native camps alone over three hundred heen given effect and I have heard no more of it, girls between six and twenty-one years of age now but we are assisting the Commonwealth Authorities on rations—let alone many others supported in a as far as we are able in the interests of the native fashion by their parents—who might be turned to mothers. useful account. There is little future ahead of these One half-caste infant was with the mother's con­ as it is, except to emulate their mothers, and most of sent legally adopted by a white man and his wife. us knows what that means. In seven instances the maintenance of native children was arranged with the fathers. OFFENCES BY NATIVES. There was some increase in the number of No objection was raised to the marriage of 29 offences by natives, 178 being recorded as against native women to native husbands, one male native 130 for the previous year. The reason for this is to a quarter-caste woman, seven native women to to be found in the number of charges due to the white men. One appeal against my objection to a supply of liquor, there being 02 convictions owing to marriage between a native woman and a white man this cause. went against the Department. The Children's Cottage Home, Q'ueen's I'ark, re­ Statement showing Offences by Natives. ceived fourteen additional children from us during Assault 5 the year, making a total of sixty-eight sent in. Assisting escaping natives .'» Abscond ing from an institution 4 It has been stated that these children are mostly Breaking and entering 1 the offspring of our trained girls sent out to service Disorderly conduct Hi Drunkenness 21 and returned to us in trouble. Such a statement is Driving motor vehicle while under the in­ hopelessly incorrect to say the least of it. The fact fluence of liquor 1 is that these children come mainly from pastoral Driving an unlicensed motor vehicle 1 stations and have been gathered in often with their Kntering prohibited areas •n mothers to give the little ones a better chance in life Escaping legal custody 4 Enticing a female from an institution . . i than their mothers have had. Amongst these are found in a common gaming house 3 nine families having two to four children in each. False pretences 1 There are only nineteen children who are the off­ Idle and disorderly 3 spring of mothers who have been in service over a Murder 3 Possession of unlicensed dogs 1 period of eight years, during which period these Possession of unlicensed firearms.. 2 youngsters have been born. Now as there is an Receiving liquor 39 average of some seventy girls in service it can be Resisting arrest, 1. seen how far from the truth have been the state­ Stealing 31 Supplying liquor to other natives 1 ments I have referred to. Sheep killing 2 The Department subsidises forty-nine of these in­ Unlawfully on licensed premises 2 Unlawful possession 2 mates and ten are being supported by maintenance Unsound mind 3 secured through the Department's efforts. Total 178 One hears talk of the great dearth of domestic labour and certainly judging by the demand for our native girls this would seem to be borne out. All OFFENCES AGAINST NATIVES. that we can supply from Moore Hiver are out earn­ There was likewise an increase in convictions for ing their living and giving a good account of them­ offences against natives, there being 39 as compared selves. I am quite proud of them because they com­ with 21 for the previous year. Several of the con­ pare favourably with their white sisters in their victions were brought about through the provisions capacity for work and good behaviour. The some­ of the amended Act. what harsh assertions sometimes made by ill- informed people as to the character of our trained There were 6 convictions under Section 46 (sex girls are not borne out by fact. Considering the offences) involving penalties ranging from a caution temptations they survive and their own comparative to £50 or 150 days. One was a third offence of a unsophistication, there is little to cavil at in this like nature. For supplying liquor there were eleven respect. Generally speaking, their employers are convictions with fines ranging from £20 or 60 days kind, and some even indulgent, and take a keen per­ to £50 or 150 days. For employing natives without sonal interest in the girls. They enjoy regular holi­ a permit nine persons were convicted. days, and many of them are permitted to accompany their mistresses to the sea-side whenever the family CERTIFICATES OF EXEMPTION. takes holidays. Also under our system their wages At present 87 persons are exempted from the pro­ are regularly collected and banked for their use and visions of the Native Administration Act. There

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were six applications for exemption from the provi­ plea for the supply of bedrock necessities has com­ sions of the Act under consideration at the close of pletely eliminated any possibility of claims being put the previous year, while 32 have since been received, forward for assistance which could by any stretch of making a total of 38 to be dealt with. Of these, 15 imagination be termed frivolous. were granted and 3 were not recommended, 17 were It was announced towards the close of the financial pending, and the balance not proceeded with. Only one was cancelled. Of the 94 persons in all who year that the Government intended to resume the old have been exempted seven have died in recent years. Carrolup Native Settlement which lies between Katanning and Kojonup. The resumption of ap­ When the Native Administration Act became law proximately 5,000 acres of the original area was it was contemplated that the privilege of exemption thereafter immediately proceeded with. After much would be extended and such has been the case. There time and trouble expended in investigating alterna­ is a danger, however, of this going too far due to tives, the conviction was borne upon us that this was the efforts of well intentioned persons who would the best possible proposition offering. Carrolup was like to see exemption extended, to my mind, beyond first established in 1917; it was abolished in 1922. the point of reason and commonsense. Applications The total area of the reserve was then some 10,000 so prompted are received from natives quite unfitted acres. The substantial stone buildings which had to be exempted and because I feel that exemption been completed at date of abandonment are still would do no good in such cases I find myself com­ standing, and most of them have been fairly well pre­ pelled to recommend accordingly. The onus falls served. upon me because the native feels aggrieved, when ho ought never to have been induced to apply. Then Since this Settlement was abandoned in 1922 tl." there are some few natives who scorn to even apply native population of the Southern Districts has for or accept exemption because they claim, and it practically doubled. It is obvious, therefore, that one is a doubtful claim usually, that they have already such settlement cannot eater adequately for the needs 1 qualified to live as whites and the suggestion that of the people requiring to be accommodated through they should be granted the privilege is felt to be an out that area. In addition the old tribal instincts and insult! Without exemption, however, they still come boundary limitations are still in the minds of the under the Native Administration Act whether they people to the extent that those in certain ureas will like it or not and when its provisions have perforce not willingly enter an institution situated outside to be applied they resent it—but that is surely no what they consider the limits of their particular dis­ fault of mine. Again it does not occur to some trict. I have therefore urged that pla.is be formu­ natives that they are much better off as natives than lated for another place to be situated somewhere in they could ever be attempting to live up to white the Eastern Districts, and so situated as to assist the standards to which they could never attain. I have native inhabitants of towns adjacent to the goldflelds referred to a possible legal remedy in my remarks railway east to Southern Cross, and southwards to under the section in this Report dealing with the Quairading and Brookton. To this end inquiries were suggested amendments to the Native Administration instituted with the object of securing sueh a site, but Act. so far no success has been attained. With two properly equipped settlements thus strategically Exemption should be a valued privilege granted placed to cater for the Southern districts, seconded only to the really deserving, prepared to live accord­ by the (inowangcrup Mission for the South-East, and ing to decent white standards—but when once granted a. few native schools here and there, the people could it should bestow upon the recipient all the benefits be reasonably well catered for. While funds for the we ourselves enjoy as citizens of the State. It should reconditioning of Carrolup will be forthcoming, the also carry the obligations such citizenship entails. balance of the programme outlined implies the neces­ It is of interest to note that because they could not sity of additional financial provision being made to attain to white standards three quadroons were de­ carry it out. clared during the year to be natives. This was at The successful working of the junior house and their own request. kindergarten at Moore River Native Settlement, officially opened by the Hon. Chief Secretary on RECOGNISANCES. December 11 last, has confirmed my view of the ad­ Permission was granted under Section 9 of the vantages of this type of training centre for native Native Administration Act to remove 42 natives from children, but there should now follow the founding one part of the State to another. Bonds for the re­ of a middle school on similar lines. Given new staff turn of these natives were entered into in every case quarters so urgently needed, this could be arranged and 10 were finalised before the end of the year. One It cannot be to the best interests of the ex-kinder girl was taken by her mistress to England and is still garteners to have; to pass into the mixed dormitories there. She has written me a glowing aecount of her and dining rooms where all and sundry have to be experiences. catered for, none of whom have had the advantage of the early training such as is provided in the junior DEPARTMENTAL STATIONS, SETTLEMENTS block. Retrogression is therefore possibb and should AND HOMES. be avoided at all costs. Capital expenditure is required in many directions The Trustees of the Jubilee Appeal for Youth and and, while I appreciate the difficulty in arranging the Motherhood allowed us the sum of £100 towards the necessary financial provision, I am nevertheless bound fitting up of the infants' quarters and the Lotteries to point out what in my opinion is needed. I have Commission provided a minipiano. From the Princi­ for years pointed the way, but I do not control the pal of the Kindergarten Union of Perth very excel­ means, and can do no more than persistently show lent advice and assistance was rendered. where provision is most necessary, and existing con­ The white staff at Moore River are very indifferently ditions are most adversely affecting the people. The accommodated, and more consideration should be

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given to the comfort of a small but hard-working unit shorn. From an average of 5.(i4 lbs. in 1934 (he in­ so disadvantageous^ placed as regards the amenities crease has grown to 7.04 lbs. in 1938. The average of life generally available to hospital and similar price secured this season, however, was only 9.13 staffs elsewhere. pence per lb. as against 15..r> pence last season. In The funds provided for the initial establishment of spite of drought losses we regard our experiment in the new village at Moore River enabled me to provide, sheep husbandry as quite a success and capable of six cottages, a cookhouse and a recreation room for considerable expansion. men and boys. The cottages were suitably furnished The Huston Proctor steam engine used for pump­ by the Department and allotted to deserving inmates ing, saw milling, etc., at the Head Station supplied on condition that cleanliness and care should be the in 1920 having become worn out and dangerous, deciding factor as regards their continued occupation. another reconditioned engine of the same type was I am glad to say my faith in the people to adequately supplied. The old engine was secondhand when we fulfil these conditions has been fully justified. Gar­ got it and can therefore be said to have performed dens and dividing fences are already in evidence, excellent service. showing that the people are prepared to help in mak­ ing the village what 1 hope it may become. Kind The peanut market seems to be glutted and the friends helped me to furnish the recreation room, and Munja crop has been difficult to dispose of. Queens­ 1 specially wish to mention the Ladies' Auxiliary of land nuts seem to be preferred to thoso grown in the Subiaco Toe H, which provided most of the games north of this State or even the Northern Territory, and amusements. This activity is governed by a com­ though it is not easy to appreciate the reason why. mittee of inmates under the presidency of the Super­ At Port Hedland Native Hospital, thanks to a intendent, and so interested are its members in its grant from the Lotteries Commission supplemented welfare that they have made a voluntary monthly levy by funds from the Treasury an electric lighting plant upon their meagre wages with which to establish a has been installed. The Lotteries Commission also fund for the provision of additional things of this presented us with an operating table and a complete kind. set of stainless steel surgical instruments—most ac­ ceptable gifts. The provision of a further series of cottages for the native inmates of the Settlement is essential. A plan and an estimate of a new homestead for Funds were provided by the Lotteries Commission Violet Valley have been prepared, and it is hoped for the duplication of the electric lighting plant and likewise that the new building will shortly take the this enabled all the recent additions, including tho place of the ramshackle, ant-eaten structure at new cottages, to be connected up. present serving as a home for our representative and Moola Bulla. Native Station is fast assuming an his wife at that place. institutional character due to the compulsory accom­ The Native Girls' Home, Fast Perth, is proving of modation there of increasing numbers of half-caste immense value in the care of our girls in training children. It was in 1929 that we Hrst appointed a and service, and a home twice its size would not be school teacher for the twenty-four children then too big for our purpose. T am in hopes of seeing this present. To-day we have sixty-one youngsters to care accomplished before long. for and a number of others have yet to be brought in. At this rate there must soon be a hundred children Monlti Bulla Native Station, Hast Kimberley.—A there. To accommodate these additional buildings are statement of receipts and payments and other statis­ urgently necessary. Urgent representations have! tical returns will be found at page 31. been made to the Government, plans prepared for While the payments exceed the receipts by £925 dormitories, etc., and I am in hopes of being able to Lis. 2d. the favourable balance between debtor and proceed with the matter during the coming season. creditor accounts indicated a surplus for the year of The Department has long recognised that the moral €1,542 2s. lid. and spiritual training of youngsters should go hand The steady depreciation of book values is not in my in hand with secular training, and established many opinion a true indication of the worth of the assets years ago the principle of having accredited mission­ and I consider that a complete revaluation should be aries stationed at its settlements. There has always made. The statement clearly shows the property to been one at Moore River, and while Carrolup was in be much undervalued. ,ing the same system prevailed. Long ago a promise was given to the Presbyterian Church authorities Mr. A. T. Woodland, J.P., Manager, reports:— that should we ever establish a missionary at Moola The average number of native men, women and child­ ren was 189 per month. Of these, sixty-six are working Bulla, that Church should receive the first opportu­ and forty going to school. There are forty-eight other nity of supplying one. This culminated in June last than full-bloods, twenty-four hoys and twenty-four girls. in an agreement being entered into between the De­ Of these twelve are working. partment and the Board of Missions of the Presby­ The general health of the natives has been very good. terian Church of Australia in Melbourne to send Season.—The season has been a bad one, the rainfall someone to fill this office. It was agreed that a min­ at the homestead being 1,273 points as against 2,268 points the previous year. No winter rains fell at all ister and his wife should lie stationed there and that and the wet was spread, with light gnugings. The posi­ the entire charge of the spiritual side should be placed tion for feed is reasonably fair and the water position in the minister's hands, the Church also undertaking is not as bad as it was last year. Most successful steps that he and and his wife would take charge of the have been taken during the year to improve supplies. school. It is hoped that before this report is pub­ Herd cattle.—On the 1st of July, 1937, these numbered lished finality will be reached in this matter. 16,462. Brandings are 2,212 to date and still not finished. Cattle sent to Works 674, killed for Station Since we established our experimental flock at beef 98, killed for indigents 136, killed for stock camp 55, making a total of 1,038; 2,920 have been written Moola Bulla Native Station there has been a progres­ off for mortality, leaving a balance of 15,094 at the end sive increase in the wool yield per head of sheep of June, 1938. The cattle sent to the Wyndham Meat-

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 18 works averaged 616.31 lbs. arid the percentage freezers of Munja Native Station, directed the Station's activi­ was 69.55 per cent. ties as Acting Manager. I returned to the Station in Sheep.—The flock numbered 1,834, including 16 rains, mid-April. at 1st July, 1937. Deaths from various causes to the end Munja Native Station, North-West Kimberley.— of December were very heavy, being 15.9 per cent, ewes, A statement of receipts and expenditure shows that 86.5 per cent, male lambs, 100 per cent, female lambs, and 100 per cent, female hoggets, the total loss being 23.3 the cash deficiency amounted to £1,573 13s. lOcl. for per cent. A further loss of 54 wethers and three rams the year. This added to the difference between sundry has occurred to date. Since November the ewes have creditors and debtors made a loss of £2,336 14s. 3d., been closely watched by natives camped in the paddock and poison has been laid with the object of dealing with being £362 15s. 5d. less than during the previous year. the dogs, eagles and crows. I expect to have a good Of the creditors £647 2s. was owing to Moola Bulla marking of lambs this year and am deferring this to . Station for stock. Under existing conditions this sta­ allow them to get strong enough to stand it. At present tion cannot become self-supporting. thf flock is made up of 784 ewes, 553 wethers, and 13 rams, a total of 1,356. Mr. Harold Reid, Manager, reports as follows:— Wool.—The clip this season including rams totalled Natives.—The health of the natives, generally, has 9,509 lbs. from the 1,350 shorn; average per sheep was been good. The Medical Inspector, Dr. Davis, visited 7.04 lbs. Munja and you have the details of natives examined Goats.—At 1st July, 1967, these numbered 272. There by him. With the exception of a few granuloma was an increase of 119. Sixteen were killed for rations patients, who are all responding to treatment, there has and 15 died. The number on hand now is 360. been very little sickness. Mules.—The bang tail muster disclosed only two mules Had two deaths on the Station, one an old man of on hand. senile decay and one a young babe with abscess on the Donkeys.—No change in these; 172 as at 30th June, brain. The addition to our staff of a trained nurse is 193T. going to be of considerable benefit to the natives; it Horses.—At 30th June, 1937, these numbered 381; does not matter how willing an* untrained person ma}- brandings for the year were 31, purchases 36, making a be or how much experience such an one may have had, total of 438. Ten were sold. In my last report I pointed he certainly cannot do as much for a sick person as a out that losses among horses had been severe and that nurse trained in medical affairs. The natives on Munja exact figures could not be supplied until a bang tail are good and willing workers, although they do not muster had been held. This has just been completed come in in such numbers as they formerly did. This is and losses determined. The total is now 333, deaths due to their fear of being medically examined and sent being 105; this latter figure really covers deaths spread to Derby or Broome for treatment. They fear being- over a number of year*. proclaimed lepers, which disease they refer to as "lump- sickness. '' I tried to get at their line of thought in School.—There are 46 children on the school roll, 25 this matter and an intelligent native gave me the fol­ girls and 21 boys. Of the girls, 6 are full-bloods, and lowing explanation: "Blaekfellow get lump-sick boss 19 other than full-blood. There are 0 full-blood boys and 15 other than full-blood. The school room is over­ send him hospital, can't come back, lose country, wife crowded. Eleven additional children have joined the and piccaninny belong him, got nothing, finish." A classes during the year. native's outlook is purely personal. Perhaps future generations, as they become more civilised may be ('Unit:—The confidence of the natives in the clinic trained to consider the community welfare as well as has been established. Altogether 169 cases have been their own side of things. treated during the year. Several lying-in cases have been sent to the Native Hospital at Wyndham and the I would like to remark on the good behaviour of the A.I.M. Nursing Home at Hall's Creek. natives in this area for the past twelve months. Improvements.—A new and more commodious beef Agriculture.—Land ploughed and cultivated approxi­ house has been erected on higher ground; a shade for mately 40 acres. The rainfall this year was insufficient the half-blood girls has been built, the garage re-erected for needs and all crops suffered accordingly. on another site, the stock camp headquarters rebuilt on Peanuts.—Approximately 35 acres planted, of which another location, the lavatory accommodation and drain­ 14 acres gave no return as there was not sufficient rain age improved. New heads on windmills have been in­ in the growing period for the plants to develop. The re­ stalled at tile Nine Mile and Sheppards Well. One hun­ maining 21 acres produced a light crop. Three hundred dred and twenty feet of new cattle troughing has been and forty-four bags of nuts were harvested; of these erected at the Five-Mile, serving the four paddocks 224 bags, weight 6 tons 6 owt. 1 qr. 7 lbs., have gone for­ there. At Broken Dam a new bore has been equipped ward to market; 85 bags, approximate weight 2 1/3 tons, with mill tanks and troughing. At Ra Roy a new supply yet to go and 35 bags retained for seed. has bee" located a short distance away from the old site to which the mill tanks and troughing have been moved, Maize.—An experiment was made with this crop, but this involving the erection of a mile of new fence. The it was a failure. troughing at Sheppards Well has been reconditioned and Cow-pea.—A fair crop of cow-peas was grown and arranged to advantage. 5 cwts. of peas stored for native food. There was an abnormal growth of weeds this year, as often is the ease Station Water Supply.—The pumping arrangements in light seasons. This to a certain extent also affected for the homestead domestic supply, garden and the four the quantity of products harvested. paddocks fed from it have been a source of considerable Vegetable Garden.—The garden this year was late anxiety and I am pleased to know that the present plant will be replaced forthwith. For a considerable time the owing to the first parcel of seed failing to germinate. pumping arrangements have been improvised. However, there is now a splendid garden containing tomatoes, 200 plants cauliflowers, cabbage, over 1,000 Transport.—Tenders were again called, resulting in head, several large beds of silver beet, beetroot, raddish, the same contractor securing the two-year loading con­ turnips and sweeds, kohlrabi, carrots, cucumbers, escha­ tract commencing in April last. The accepted rate was lots, egg-fruit, pumpkins, iron bark and bugle, water­ ten shillings lower per ton than last year, with all back- melon, rockmelons, beans (snake, red climber and butter) loading free. and a number of young paw-paw trees coining on. Most Employees.—Ten permanent hands have been em­ of the vegetables grown are used by the natives. Ban­ ployed during the year including teacher and nurse anas, pineapples and one mango tree are also growing at and musterers' cook for a time. spring IV; miles from Station. Stock.—Stock of all kinds got a bad doing at the end Tannery.—This has been carried on by the natives of last season and the mortality was heavy. This was under supervision. Leather to the value of £45 has been also a bad year for cancer and there were several deaths sold and two hundred and twenty-five salted hides sent amongst the horses. Six head of horses also failed to to London. turn up in the muster. The cattle muster is not yet Station oversight.—For the period July the 1st to completed, 140 calves being branded to date. Munja November the 11th, Mr. H. W. Hall acted as Acting has been working short-handed for some time and all Overseer during my absence on inspection duties. From repairs to improvements not yet completed, but yards, November the 12th to April 2nd Mr. H, Reid, Manager fences, etc., are in fair working order.

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Improvements.—A new machinery shed has been A double row of Marlock trees have been planted on erected. This is a good building and a credit to the either side of the main road. In a few years' time carpenter who ilid the job. This building was badly when the trees get up, this should be a very picturesque needed on Mun.ja and has already partly paid for itself, village. inasmuch as we were able to use it to house peanuts Pines.—I have now sixty thousand pines growing. during the unseasonable rain experienced this year. These range from 40 feet high down to this year's Approximately 15 acres of nuts were dug and drying planting. This country appears very suitable for the in the field when the rain threatened. All hands worked growing of pines. hard and got them into the shed just as the rain started. I estimate that having this shelter saved approximately Kindergarten.—This is a very up-to-date building £1200 worth of peanuts. with an overall length of 125 feet. Tt comprises a dormitory for children under six years of age, each General Remarks.—I omitted to mention that 96 head with a separate cot. It is a kindergarten room equip­ of male cattle were killed on the station this year, the ped second to none in the State. It is under the control whole of this beef, less that consumed by 5 whites and of .Miss J. Marshall, a very efficient trained teacher. 3 children, being issued for native requirements. The Miss Marshall took over and opened the kindergarten natives burned out the country hunting kangaroos in on the 11 tli January and the results up to date are the vicinity of the Station towards the end of last year; really wonderful, and I consider would compare very in consequence horses anil stock had to travel for feed favourably with any kindergarten in the State. to keep them alive. There are only two foals left to brand after our bad year and one of these motherless. There is also a. domestic science room well fitted out We are very short of horses at present, not having where all the food for the little ones is prepared and sufficient to work the Station properly. This of course cooked under the supervision of a member of the white means that those we have are overworked to a certain stall. There is also a manual training room under the extent, and suffer accordingly. All properties have same roof set up with a full range of carpenters' tools. suffered heavy losses during the last few bad years and This building, especially the kindergarten portion, has Munja has been no exception. filled a long-felt want, and is in my opinion the founda­ tion of a new start of the native problem. If this Violet Valley Native Million, East Kimberley.— scheme is extended to other parts of the State and suit­ Mr. A. T. Woodland, supervising this Station, re­ able carry on arranged, and the money provided, in the ports as follows:— next decade the native problem should be well in hand. Natives.—The average per month in the bush camp School.—This branch of the Settlement is far from has been 50, and 18 are employed doing stock and other satisfactory and should be re-organised. Buildings are work about the Station. The health of the natives very unsatisfactory for the work that has to be done. generally has been good. I consider a male teacher should be provided, one cap­ Season.—This has only been fair. Prom the 1st Nov­ able of teaching manual work. ember to the end of April we had 1,512 points of rain. Sports.—Cricket and football in season. Also sports The feed and water at the present is good, but we will of various kinds. There have been several visits from be short of water at the end of year. teams outside coming in to play our boys. Our boys Cattle.—At the 30th June, 1937, these numbered 564 have won every game except one. and 52 were purchased from Moola Bulla; 151 were Milk.—There has been a plentiful supply of milk branded, making a total of 767; killed for rations 64 during the year. and 101 were written oft' for mortality, leaving a bal­ ance of 602 at 30th June, 1938. Farm.—This is situated 10 miles from the Settlement. The cattle at present are in good condition. I had a good crop of hay of about two tons per acre. I have a stack of hay about 35 tons carry over. This is Morses.—At the 30th .June, 1937, these numbered 169, always handy in ease of a. bad season. There was a 27 were branded during the year, making a total of good supply of vegetables grown and consumed by the 196; 30 were sold to Moola Bulla and 28 written off as inmates. Fences were repaired after a bush Are had dead, leaving a balance of 130 at 30th June, 1938. swept through the country. I brought another piece of These are all in good condition. summer ground into use, but owing to not being able Mules.—These number 2, the same as last year. to get rabbit netting to enclose same, I lost thousands Goats.—These are in full milk and supplying ample of cabbage, cauliflower and other vegetable plants. milk and cream for butter. Christmas.—We had the usual Christmas Tree on the Moore River Native Settlement, Midlands Dis­ 19th December. This was well patronised, as you can imagine. There was a huge tree laden with all sorts of trict.—Mr. A. J. Neal, J.P., Superintendent, reports toys for the little ones, and more useful articles for as follows:— the adults. Christinas dinner was a great event. This Health,.—The health of the inmates of this Settle­ consisted of roast meats, pickles, sauces, fruit, puddings, ment has been good, with the exception of a small out­ sweets, and soft drinks to satisfy the most exacting. break of chicken pox which was very quickly got under Births, from July 1st, 1937, to 30th June, 1938, Death* control. The worst other cases have been colds and and Marriages.—(Births, 26; Deaths, (i; Marriages, 15. other slight ailments. Water.—This supply is permanent and there is plenty Native Girls' Home, Perth.—The Matron, Sister of it. We have now had several dry years in succes­ Wilkinson, reports as follows:— sion and the supply in the well has not gone down one The number of girls and children accommodated in inch. I consider there is abundance of water for all the Home during the year shows an increase of 107 time. more than last year. At times the accommodation has Native Village.—The whole of the new buildings are been severely over-taxed, the dormitory and dining room now occupied. need enlarging to cope with the increasing number. At first the natives were not keen to take up residence The girls return from time to time for holidays, and in them, owing to certain regulations with which they it is remarkable how they improve after they have been had to comply before they could take over a cottage. out to work for a little while, not only in their behav­ That fe'ling very quickly faded out and now they are iour but in their style of dressing, some showing quite all clamouring for a cottage. As time goes on more good taste. The Native Pass System has only been cottages will be built and all natives housed in them, resented by one girl since it has been in operation but and the old and unsightly shacks will disappear for all the system has stopped the undesirable native men and time. boys from hanging around the Home, and bothering the girls. The new- kitchen is a very up-to-date affair fully equipped. Water is laid on from the main storage There are fewer complaints regarding the white men supply. A pipeline is laid down along the back of each molesting the girls in the streets. row of buildings, and there is a stand pipe for every Many of the girls' employers come here and in nearly two buildings. Electric light has been installed. There every case I hear good reports. I have seen some of the are two lights in each cottage, and also a light at each white children cry bitterly when a girl is left here for end of the street. her holiday, which speaks for itself.

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During the year 356 girls and children were accom­ been lifted in sections and relaid. The well was tim­ modated, 10,313 meals served and 3,523 beds used. bered during the year, this particular work being done Trainees.—A number of girls have been trained as in by a local contractor. previous years and sent to domestic work and given, At the house a 2,000-gallon rainwater tank was in­ satisfaction. The. school girl attending East Perth stalled. This tank is mounted on a 4-ft. stone stand and School is showing marked ability and good reports are has a tap in the kitchen as well as one outside. In given regarding her studies and behaviour. the quarters a fljy-proof sleep-out was enclosed on the Medical.—Very few girls have needed medical atten­ front verandah, the remainder of this verandah being tion ; their health on the whole is good. A record num­ enclosed to a height of two feet. All verandahs are ber attended the dental clinic for extractions and den­ fitted with canvas blinds. The kitchen was made con­ tures. siderably larger and a large shutter built on one side. A sink was also fitted. Next to the kitchen, on the same Religious Services.—The girls attend Church regu­ verandah, a fly-proof dining room was made. This was larly. done by enclosing the verandah with weather boards Entertainment.—The Charities Christmas Cheer and and fly-netting. A portion of the inside store room is extras from the Department enabled us to have several now utilised as a bathroom, it having a plunge bath picnics and parties during the holidays. The seventh and a shower. picnic was a great success. Miss Simpson arranged a Outside a new store room was built of jarrah and picnic by car to Como and a picture show in. the City. iron, the measurements of the floor being 12 ft. x 12 ft. Sister Dorothy arranged a river trip for the New Year. This building is erected on 1-ft. studs. Frequent visits are made to the nearby picture palace. A bush fence has been erected around part of the Conduct.—Good. garden to break the easterly winds. Gifts.—On behalf of the girls I wish to thank Mrs. The goat yard has been made much larger and the Grant, Mrs. Davis, Mis. Whittaker, Mrs. Carlisle, Mrs. trough moved into the yard. A large bough shed was Neal and Mr. Burnell for fruit. Mr. McLeod, lawn- built over the trough. mower and flowers. Miss Simpson, china, and picnics. In conclusion we would like to thank the Department Mrs. Clements and Miss Campbell, l>ooks. Sisters of for making possible all the improvements carried out the East Perth Rectory for parties and gifts at Christ­ during the year. The installation of an Eleetrolux kero­ mas and the Department for all the extras during the sene operated refrigerator was greatly appreciated. year. Buildings.—Repairs have been done from time to Karonie Native Feeding Depot.—Mr. A. J. time and a new lavatory attached to the sewer system Carlisle, Officer-in-Charge, reports:— has been built. I have the honour to submit a report on the opera­ La Grange Bay Feeding Depot.—Mr. E. Loekett, tions of the Karonie rationing depot for the year end­ ing 30th June, 1938, together with the field work which the Officer-in-Chargo, reports as follows:— is necessary in the more remote portions of my district. Attendance.—The average weekly attendance at this The number of natives receiving sustenance at Station for the past year was, adults 40, children 3. Karonie during the last year has been exceptionally This number is considerably less than in former years. large. This is in some degree accounted for by the Health of Natives.—One rather serious outbreak of addition of the coast natives from Eyre, which were influenza occurred early in this year which resulted in brought here in May, 1937, and have remained here the death of two aged natives. Very few natives in ever since. Incidentally all of these who are eligible the district escaped this epidemic. There was also one and able are working under permit to various employers case of tonsilitis at about the same period. Other cases in the immediate vicinity. attended to were burns, sore eyes, bites, cuts, head­ The number rationed weekly during the year has aches. Three natives are suffering with cataracts and approximated 100 with a maximum of 178. are partially blind. One aged native was removed to Employment has been a little above normal through­ the Broome Native Hospital where he died very shortly out the district and employers have, generally speaking, after admission. There have been four deaths at this observed the law pertaining to the employment of natives Station during the year, all aged natives. Mrs. Loekett in a commendable manner. has always attended to all cases of sickness and has Improvements.—I did not consider it judicious to ad­ done much work in this connection. vocate the addition of improvements to any great extent The Medical Inspector, Dr. A. P. Davis, has paid us as the removal of our Depot to a more suitable site was several visits, but no serious cases of sickness were contemplated. However, one small building was erected found. and the necessary wood and iron for the purpose promptly supplied by the Department. General Jtemarlcs.—The conduct of the natives has been good throughout and all have shown themselves Health.—Regarding sickness, we have fortunately willing to help when required. escaped anything in the nature of an epidemic. Amongst such a large number of natives it is only to be expected Stock.—An additional 100 goats were purchased dur­ there will be cases of sickness, but these were isolated ing the year. The number of goats on hand at June and principally dealt with by ourselves and a few ex­ 30th was 188. This does not include the new season's treme cases taken to Hospital in Kalgoorlie. Extrac­ kids. tion of teeth has been effected at the Depot as we have Meat Supply.—-Except for the purchase of 20 sheep been supplied with a really first class set of dental for­ ceps for use in cases of need. last November, the goat herd has supplied all our re­ quirements. Two or three goats are killed each week. There were only two deaths during the period under review, one baby and one old man. Vegetable Garden.—The garden is only fair this year as pests have been very bad. Three lemon and three General.—Travelling excursions sometimes involving orange trees have been planted and these have taken several hundreds of miles have been undertaken during well. Two dozen banana suckers were obtained from the year, resulting in a first hand knowledge of the con­ ditions under which natives live or are being employed Carnarvon and these are making very good progress. throughout the district. It is also of value that these One mango tree is making headway and some paw-paws isolated natives should be visited and have some prac­ have been planted. A plot of lucerne is coming on tical assurance that their guardians and Protectors have well. their welfare at heart and cater for them in every con­ Improvements.—During the past year a considerable ceivable and possible way for there are some who would number of improvements have been carried out. A endeavour to delude them to an opposite belief. 6-ft. Southern Cross windmill on a 25-ft. tower Blankets and clothing have been supplied in sufficient was erected over the well. This mill serves a 1,000 gal­ quantities to permit of all necessitous cases being sup­ lon tank on a 9-ft. jarrah tank stand. Water is laid plied. In regard to the clothing it is greatly appre­ on from this tank to the house, the kitchen and bath­ ciated by these simple folk that some of their own tribe room being served. There is also a tap in the garden. or colour are largely instrumental in the manufacture of The tank stand is enclosed as a shower room and has the garments they wear, which in their opinion enhances a concrete floor, the floor from the old bathroom having their value. Rations according to the usual scale are

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given tliem. Meat is purchased from butcher and is Majesty appreciated the expressions of loyalty to cooked for them in the form of stews, for which purpose the Department has provided large quantities of two which the essays gave expression. different appetising and nutritious cereals. This, I The Rev. J. R. B. Love. Superintendent of Kun- think, is an innovation but was readily acceded to at my suggestion and is proving a highly appreciated and munya (Presbyterian) Mission, writes:— valuable addition to the ordinary ration. Native Population.—One full-blood birth and two Water has also to be purchased here, which is a fur­ full-blood deaths took place. The number under Mis­ ther unavoidable expense. sion influence remains about 250, with a weekly ave­ rage at the homestead of about 100. Health.—-Granuloma is serious. Leprosy is alarm­ MISSIONS. ing. There are two men here at present who are cer­ In addition to supplying the usual statistical in­ tified lepers and several others who would, I think, prove to be lepers if tested. It is difficult to get these formation to be found at pages 33 to 35 reports of sufferers to hospital for treatment. They fear the hos­ their doings have been received from four mission pital and as long as they can hunt for their food in institutions. Extracts from these follow, and as in the bush they will not willingly forgo their freedom. the case of reports of the officers of our own institu­ A cause for much gratitude, however, is the recent tions I regret that lack of space prevents my includ­ establishment of a Government Native Hospital in ing them in full. Broome. Patients who have been there and returned to Kunmunya speak well of their treatment and it is to be Consequent upon the decision arrived at and hoped that the more serious diseases may gradually be referred to in my last year's report, that the pro­ cleared by sending to this hospital. posal to transfer the Forrest River Mission to the Epidemics of colds are annual and disastrous. Nulla Nulla site was not to be proceeded with, the Boils are epidemic and cause much suffering and dis­ Mission Authorities desired to terminate the arrange­ ability. Sore eyes usually yield to treatment at the ment covering the acquisition of the cattle then run­ Mission. An unusual complaint at present is that of a ning on that country. It was consequently arranged man badly mauled by a crocodile. He was brought to the Mission and is recovering. Toothache is not un­ that my Department should take over this stock and known and one extraction has been made since my despatch it to Munja Station in North-West Kim- return. berley. This has now been effected, the drover safely Financial.—The statement of receipts and expendi­ delivering 868 head. I think it is a matter of regret ture is forwarded separately. It shows a total receipt that the Mission has lost this opportunity of acquir­ of £1,316 12s. 9d. for the year. Liabilities exceed that ing this cattle. amount by £59 5s. This amount of £59 5s. is now covered by produce—peanuts, beche-de-mer and tortoise Another arrangement between the Government and shell sent for sale, proceeds not yet to hand, so I can a Mission was abrogated. In 1933 the United report that the Mission is solvent. Aborigines' Mission Authorities were granted the use Industry.—Agriculture has produced 2 tons peanuts of a reserve of 122,400 acres on the mainland on the for sale, in excess of a store kept for food tor our North-Eastern shore of King Sound, and the Mis­ people; a good crop of sweet potatoes, which are now proving valuable in the feeding arrangements; fair sion formerly domiciled at Sunday Island was trans­ crops of Egyptian and Madras durrha for meal for por­ ferred thereto. The actual site chosen was unfor­ ridge; very good supplies of plantain bananas for food, tunately near Yampi Sound, and as matters turned giving a substantial fruit ration for almost all the year; out, most unsuitably placed. The missionaries them­ a few sugar bananas, mostly devoted to staff use; a poor crop of pineapples this year; cabbages, tomatoes and selves chose the site for the mission, and it was not the usual garden vegetables for kitchen use in the cooler that which was suggested by the Department. When months; melons and pumpkins were destroyed by beetles. activities at Yampi Sound bid fair to assume consid­ The lugger " Watt-Leggatt" has continued to give erable proportions, and following certain recommen­ fine service under the able command of Alfred Brown dations by an officer of the Surveyor General's (half-caste skipper), supplying the needs of the Mission Department, and conferences between the Mission as well as those of several of our neighbours, notably Authorities, the Under Secretary for Lands and my­ the Government Native Station of Munja, our next neighbour, Mr. Merry of Sale River Station, and sev­ self, it was deemed advisable in February last to give eral casual beachcombers. the United Aborigines' Mission Council six months' The expenses of the "Watt-Leggatt" amounted to notice of the termination of the lease of the mainland £308 14s. 4d. and her earnings to £385 12s. Del. The old reserve. However, the Mission had made little pro­ lugger, " W. 8. Bolland'' went to pieces during the year gress up to that point, and since then it has been and was replaced by the purchase of the lugger "Eagle" decided by the Council to re-occupy the old site on from Messrs. Robison and Norman of Bro ;me. At the suggestion of the Board this new lugger is to be Sunday Island. The position is not altogether satis­ named the "Balfour Matthew," honouring Mr. H. R. factory from the Department's point of view, and Balfour who is such a sterling friend of Kunmunya and further investigations are to be made. Rev. H. C. Matthew, our much loved secretary. This new boat was purchased by consent of the Board from I have elsewhere mentioned the arrangement with the boat repair and renewal fund, without making any the Presbyterian Church in respect to placing a mis­ fresh demand on our Church people for donations. She sionary at Moola Bulla Station. has been in commission since the wet season this year. So far her finances show earnings of £30 16s. 3d. and Two inmates of the United Aborigines' Mission at expenses £70. Gnowangerup achieved fame during the year! Under School.—There are 16 full-blood children attending the auspices of the Victorian Uplift Society a com­ the school and also the families of Alfred and Harry petition known as the "John Batman Aboriginal Child (half-castes on the staff). School is taught in the Essay" was announced, and out of 136 entrants from mornings by Mrs. MacDougall and has a great in­ all over Australia the winners were Maisie Loo, aged fluence in the building up of the characters of the children. Mrs. MacDougall has also led packs of 10, and Bertie Coyne, aged 14, who each received a "Cubs" and "Brownies" which are keenly enjoyed very handsome silver cup. Both are pupils of the by the children and have a very good influence. Gnowangerup Mission School. The essays, which re­ Care of the Sick.—Is a daily duty and is rewarded ferred to H.M. Queen Elizabeth and the Princesses, by a good measure of success. This involves feeding were forwarded to His Majesty the King, and were the patients, a heavy obligation that falls to the Mis­ duly acknowledged with the intimation that His sion, and one that is costly. For the medicines that we

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 22 have used we have to thank very heartily the ladies of water is now pumped from Daddaway into troughs. A the P.W.M.U. again for their generosity in sending up patent scoop is on its way and we hope to do much cases of goods at Christmas time. silt scooping during the coming year. I think we may feel that the work of the Church is Nulla Nulla continues to give anxiety though a going on at Kunnumya happily and prosperously. In settlement is expected shortly. The herd is in good con­ the spiritual realm we may all thankfully acknowledge dition, apart from branding difficulties and should pro­ the blessing of Cod on this enterprise of the Church. duce 100 fat bullocks this year. The proximity to Wyndham still causes anxiety and conditions there The Rev. Father Huegel, Superior of Beagle Bay alienate large numbers for a long period of the year; Mission writes:— their influence on return is anything but good. On receipt of your letter re 502/38 I am forwarding Mr. R. S. Schenk of the United Aborigines' Mission, the enclosed annual return and at your request I add Mount Margaret, supplies the following:— a report on the operations of this Mission for the benefit of the natives here. The year under review has been one in which we have The number of the population has kept much the same encountered many difficulties, having several break­ in spite of a comparatively high'number of people com­ downs at the battery and needing to purchase another ing or leaving the place. truck, etc. Notwithstanding these difficulties and a general uphill fight for the natives, we have had rather The general health of the natives has been good. Kc a. prosperous year. leprosy, this place has improved considerably. Since 30th June of last year only one positive case has Health.—There have been many serious cases during developed, a half-blood boy of 11 years. This great the year and our account for drugs and medicines of change is due to the untiring efforts of Drs., Mrs. and £61, in addition to all other hospital expenses for in­ Mr. Betz who have devoted their services to this Mission patients and out-patients, was heavy. We have been for 20 months and have tried by every means to banish very thankful for Matron's knowledge and ability in this terrible disease from Beagle Bay as well as from being able to diagnose all complaints. Some internal liombadina. When leaving Inst year in August there1 complaints were of such a serious nature that we sent were only nine more or less suspicious persons left of them on immediately to the doctor for major operations. whom only the abovementioned case lias become posi­ These arc all now doing well. tive. We, therefore, deeply regret that both doctors had Dr. Davis, the Departmental Medical Officer, visited to leave on account of ill health of Dr. Betz. All the us and advised that seven of the children have to have more we appreciate the arrangement of the Health De­ their tonsils removed. We are very thankful to the partment to have the Medical Officer of Broome visit Department for arranging this and are happy to say our Mission every second month. Since November last the children show improved health. year the present doctor has paid these visits regularly. As regards hospitals for natives and medical treat­ On this occasion I wish to express my deep gratitude to ment of natives, the Missions are placed at a great Dr. Wallace who spared neither pains nor time to look disadvantage. An ordinary hospital for white people after the health of the big population of our place. I in a small township is subsidised by the Government was very pleased to be assured by him on his two last £ for £ donated. The white patients are able to give visits that the stale of health of the natives here is donations. Moreover, for extra buildings and equip­ satisfactory and leprosy is almost extinct. ment the State Lotteries Commission gives large dona­ Regarding the conduct of the natives here, I am glad tions such as at Moore River Government Settlement. to state that with very few exceptions the behaviour of We praise God that He has given us a conscience for­ all has been good. Even very old camp people have bidding us to receive donations from this source, even made themselves useful by doing little odd jobs. In the though they have been offered to us. Our native people different workshops good work has been done, likewise are not able to pay for treatment so we do not receive in the two large gardens. this help, but as our Christian friends supply the dona­ tions needed to carry on the medical work we think the Though being short of heads of the different depart Government should supply £ for £ as they do for a white meats of work, a lot of improvements have been made hospital. on the different buildings. Two bores were re-opened on the Convent ground which supply the Convent and The Native Department send us a few cases of drugs, the adjacent girls' dormitories with good and plentiful something under £20 per annum and for this we are water. grateful, but against that our Christian friends supply £01 worth of drugs and medicines per annum besides A Diesel engine was acquired for producing electric maintenance of a qualified matron, a nurse and all power and light; also carpenter and blacksmith shops equipment. were furnished with new machinery. Matron has had 38 in-patients including six pneu­ The last rain season was fairby good; though the monia cases and eight confinements. rainfall has not reached the average there is good and sufficient grass on the run for the slock. It is not as School.—Mrs. Bennett continues her wonderful work plentiful as in other years, but better in quality. Crass in the school, and this year she has had the faithful hoppers, however, have done considerable damage to assistance of Miss Morahan. Teachers and all equip­ the two gardens so that certain vegetables, such as ment are supplied by the Mission, and we still think beans, cabbages, etc., had to be planted three and four that the maintenance of a native school should not fall times. The finances of this place are entirely controlled upon our Christian friends but upon the Government. by our headquarters in Broome. The number of children in school at the end of June, The Rev, G. V. Johnston, Superintendent of Forrest 1938, was 51. Of the 23 boys, eight boys are full-blood River Mission, writes as follows:— aborigines, and of the 28 girls, six girls are full-blood aborigines, the rest being half-castes. In all classes During the year building lias continued apace both where there are full-bloods the full-blood aborigines are for staff and mission people. Quite a town has sprung to be found in the lead; nevertheless, the half-castes up and now that we can mill our own timber and have also show alertness and perseverance. a truck to cart the same, much progress has been made. All buildings, with the exception of the school, are in Two teachers teach seven classes between them. good repair and are of a permanent nature. The girls' School is held from 8.15 a.m. to 12 a.m. and from 1 p.m. new dormitory is exceptionally fine whilst the boys' to 4 p.m. The standards, curriculum, and examinations dormitory has also had additions made to it. The are those of the Education Department of Western Mission launch "Hovenden" is in good order. Australia. Correspondence Courses. The bore was continued to 54 feet without success The children's performance is in a ratio to the time and the rock hole was proved useless. Further storage and attention that are given to them. Every jear sees of rain water was made by adding 15,000 gallons. them improving in a greater measure and at an acce­ Advice was given by a contract borer on the water lerated pace. The aborigines could learn in nine years' question, but the cost proved to be too much to tackle school life to take their place alongside of us. It is this year. Several miles of fencing have been done, only opportunity to learn that is withheld from them. fencing in the Daddaway water hole and giving us a They have every ability with alertness of mind and large holding paddock. The windmill is in order and responsiveness.

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Industries.—VV'e wish to state that in this district With the consent of the Auditor General and the there is not enough work offering among whites for our I'nder Treasurer, certain changes were made in the natives and therefore if they are to be kept from a life of mendicancy it is necessary for something to be done bookkeeping methods of the Department in order to to make them reproductive. After the mustering season conform more closely to the provisions of the govern­ especially, there are numbers of young men and women ing Act in treating the Trust Fund in the manner needing an avenue for work. For this cause we con­ intended by Parliament. A further innovation is the tinue with the industries, gold mining, etc. grouping of the whole of the expenditure from Con- Regarding the gold mining, I think our men deserve Kolidated Revenue Fund under one heading for sub­ help and praise. Last report we were able to state mission with the annual Estimates to Parliament. that the men had, by dry blowing and crushing at i the battery, earned over £600. This year, ending 30th June, There were open at the 30th June last 331 Trust they have produced £960 worth ofgold. This, of course, Accounts carrying balances totalling £2,740 lis. 6d. spread over twenty families and with cost of gear and In addition, the sum of £5,205 is invested in securities gelignite, does not leave much per head per week, but on behalf of the Department's charges. Unclaimed we are pleased with their efforts knowing that if we had a bigger plant then they could do better. balances amount to £457 13s. 2d. Of twenty-three Estates of deceased natives requir­ Spiritual.—All the missionaries join heartily in the spiritual work, one sowing, another watering and all ing administration, eight were finalised during the rejoicing in the reaping and increase. We have 11 year. In addition the claims of seventeen natives in different meetings weekly. other estates were receiving attention.

APPRECIATION. FINANCIAL. I am most appreciative of the assistance rendered A Statement of Receipts and Payments on all to mo by the staff of the Department throughout, and accounts will be found at pages 36 and 37. It will I also wish to express my thanks to the Commissioner be observed that this is certified by the Auditor Gen­ of Police, all Police Officers, and Honorary Protec­ eral as correct, as contemplated by Section 72 of the tors for the work they have done in connection with Native Administration Act. the Department. I am sure all have done their best in circumstances of increasing difficulty. The expenditure showed an increase of £10,800 12s. 6d. over the previous year. Capital expenditure I regret the delay in the production of this Report on additions and improvements accounted for due to causes quite beyond my control and which are £5,568 0s. 3d. of the increase, the balance being spent well known to you. upon maintenance embracing additional hospital ser­ A. O. NEVILLE, vices, increased food prices, extra meat and extra Commissioner of Native Affairs. blankets and clothing. 1st March, 1939.

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library STATEMENT SHOWING POPULATION ACCORDING TO DISTRICT, AND OTHER PARTICULARS.

Estimated Population. '

Totals. Increase or Decrease ('ondition Employment: District. Fun-Mood Other than lron- noted for the and Epidemics. Venereal. Conduct. If plentiful and if natives blood. Year. Health. disposed to accept.

M. F. C. M. F. C. M. F. C. Grand Total.

Albany 9 6 15 1 » 7 15 31 Normal Good m NU Good Natives mostly leave this District

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library for work. Bassendean 2 2 2 2 4 Decreasing do do do Fair No. Belmont ""2 ""3 4 2 3 ""4 9 Normal do do do :. Good Y'es. Beverley 9 7 5 10 17 12 19 24 17 60 Slowly increasing do do do do Yes ; at busy periods on farms. Big Bell 3 2 9 2 5 2 9 16 Stationary do do do do Yes. Bridgetown "6 6 6 Decreasing.... do do do do Yes. Boyup "l 1 1 do. do do do do No. Brookton 1 17 13 33 18 13 33 64 Increasing Fair do do do No. Broome 550 422 162 121 126 23 671 548 185 1.404 do Good Influenza Yes do Yes : natives not willing to accept. Broome Hill 3 2 5 3 2 5 10 Normal do Nil do Yes. Bunburv ' 3 1 10 5 4 13 6 4 23 Increasing do mCold s onlv do do Y'es. Buckland Hill (S.A. Girl's 3 3 3 Fluctuates do Nil :. do do Y'es. Home) Busselton 10 10 8 10 10 8 28 Stationary .... do do do do Yes, Carnamah 6 2 4 6 2 4 12 Decreasing do do do do Yes. Carnarvon 45 45 40 21 17 59 66 62 99 227 Half-castes increasing do Influenza Yes do No : natives willing to accept where offering. Claremont 2 1 1 6 0 2 6 10 Decreasing do NU NU do Gardening and odd jobs. Collie ii 20 21 11 20 21 52 Increasing .... do do do do No. Coolgardie 12 jil 11 4 2 2 16 13 13 42 Decreasing Fair do do do No. Corrigin 2 2 4 0 2 4 8 Normal Good do do do Yes. Cue 10 8 2 13 12 15 23 20 17 60 Slight decrease do do Yes do Y'es. Cunderdin 1 3 I 3 4 Increasing .... do do NU do Yes. Dalwallinu 2 4 3 ""3 6 3 3 12 Normal do do do do Very little. Derby 568 45(1 115 8 6 8 576 456 123 1,155 Stationary .... do Slight influenza.... Yes do Y'es' Dongarra 1 1 3 1 1 3 5 do. * do NU NU Excellent Yes. Dowerin 1 0 1 2 3 Decreasing do do do Good No; natives willing to accept. Dumbleyung 5 6 16 5 6 16 27 Increasing do do do do No. Ksperance 6 3 4 6 3 4 13 Normal do do do do No. Fremantle 3 "3 8 3 11 do do do do do Yes. Fitzroy Crossing 815"> 716 140 20 3 835 719 146 1,700 Increasing do Colds and influenza Yes do Yes. Gascoyne Junction 132 102 40 29 20 ""1«5 161 122 55 338 Slight increase do NU Nil do Yes. Geraldton 14 12 26 14 12 26 52 do. do. do do do Only fair No ; natives willing to accept. Greenbofthes "l 1 1 do. do. do do do Good Yes. Gnowangerup 14 10 46 144 120 87 158 130 133 421 Increasing do do do do Yes. Goomalling 20 15 18 20 15 18 53 Decreasing do do do do Accepted when offering. Guildford 5 "l 23 25 24 28 26 24 78 do. do do do Fair No. Hall's Creek 257 223 112 2 2 259 225 112 596 Normal do do do Good Yes. Kalgoorlie 92 46 17 3 1 1 95 47 18 160 Decreasing .... Fair do Yes do Yes. Katanning 3 5 1 30 31 75 33 36 76 145 Increasing .... Good do -ViV do No ; natives willing to accept. Kellerberrin 1 13 11 38 14 11 38 63 Normal do do do do Very little work offering. Kojonup 26 20 56 26 20 56 102 Increasing .... do do do do No.' Lake Grace "l "l 1 5 4 2 6 5 3 14 By migration only do do do do Yes. Laverton 400 300 150 20 20 70 420 320 220 960 Normal do Influenza Yes Fair No : natives accept all work. Lawlers 7 3 2 7 3 2 12 do do Nil do Good Y'es. Leederville 1 1 1 Decreasing do do NU do Yes. Leonora 34 17 10 ""8 ""4 17 42 21 "27 90 do do do do do No ; accepted when offering. Manjimup 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 Normal do do do do Yes. Marble Bar 375 241 218 80 64 68 455 308 286 1,049 do do do Yes Generally good .... Yes : natives not disposed to accept. Margaret River 2 2 3 5 2 7 do do do No Good Yes. Meckering 2 4 2 4 6 12 Decreasing do do do do No. Meekatharra 60 60 ""24« 13 11 "23 73 71 47 191 Stationary do do Yes do Several unemployed. Menzies 20 11 5 20 11 5 36 Normal ' do Influenza NU do No. Merredin .... 1 3 1 3 4 do do .Vi7 do do Girls sent from Perth. Midland Junction ""5 2 5 2 7 Decreasing do do do do Y'es. Mingenew ""2 11 9 15 13 9 15 37 do do do do do Yes. Moola Bulla Station 74 60 13 9 11 28 83 71 41 195 Increasing do do Yes do Yes. Moora 5 4 5 35 31 64 40 35 69 144 do do do NU do Y'es. Monre Hiver Settlement 30 20 13 50 93 164 80 113 177 370 Fluctuates do Chicken pox Very slight do Fair. Morowa 8 6 14 8 6 14 28 Increasing .... do Nil Nil do Yes. Mount Barker 8 4 "ll 7 6 3 15 10 14 39 Decreasing do do Yes do Yes. Mount Magnet 17 10 6 8 2 5 25 12 11 48 Increasing do do Nil do Yes.

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library Mullewa 12 8 18 10 12 12 22 20 30 72 Normal do do do do Yes. Mttnja Native Station .... 39 55 14 1 39 55 15 109 Increasing do Heavy colds Yes do Scarcer than usual. Natives willing to accept. Narrogin 3 3 20 27 41 23 30 41 94 Normal do Nil do Yes. • New Norria 5 3 ' 6 20 25 59 25 28 65 118 Stationary do mdo do do Yes. Norseman 30 22 20 30 22 20 72 Decreasing do Influenza do do Yes. Northam "l8 "l7 21 18 17 21 56 Increasing do Nil do do Not much work, but taken where possible. Northampton 35 19 12 18 9 42 53 28 54 135 Stationary do do do do do. do. do. North Perth 1 1 1 Normal do do do do No. Xullagine 221 179 14 6 "3 227 182 14 423 Decreasing do Severe colds Yes do Yes. Nungarin 2 1 1 1 " "4 3 2 4 9 Stationary do Nil Nil do Yes. Onslow 93 85 35 7 4 10 100 89 45 234 Decreasing Fair do Yes do No. Parkerville Home 2 5 8 2 5 8 15 Fluctuates Good do Nil do Peak Hill 145 108 10 8 4 3 153 112 13 278 Normal Very good do Yes Very good No—. Pemberton 1 1 1 Stationary Good do .Vt7 Good Yes. Perth ' S 3 3 do do do do do Employed as trackers. Perth Institutions 16 5 14 16 6 30 "21 57 Pingelly 2 1 18 20 66 20 21 "'«66 107 Increasing Good '.'.'.. Nil Good "" No—. Pinjarra 4 2 2 4 6 9 8 8 11 27 do do mdo '.'.'.'. do Fair Yes. Port Hedland .... 127 113 113 50 41 61 177 154 174 505 do do do Yes Good Yes. Quairading 5 5 65 52 103 70 57 103 230 do Fair Influenza Very slight Fair Yes. Queen's Park Home 5 7 53 5 7 53 65 do Good Chicken pox Nil Good Ravensthorpe ""•2 4 11 6 11 17 Stationary do Nil do do Yes. Roebourne 134 126 146 35 46 56 169 172 202 543 Slight increase do do Yes do Yes. Sandstone 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 5 Decreasing do do Nil do Yes. Shark's Bay 7 3 45 23 26 52 26 26 104 Increasing do do do do Yes. Southern Cross .... 23 17 6 3 26 17 6 49 Decreasing Fair Colds Yes do South Perth 1 1 1 do Good Nil Nil do Subiaco 1 " "2 3 "2 "3 3 2 8 Normal do do do do Wor—k scarce but taken where pos sible. Tambellup 10 7 10 12 10 11 22 17 21 60 do do do do do do. do. do. Trayning 1 3 4 1 3 4 8 Decreasing do do do do Yes. Three Springs '"4 "2 1 7 3 7 11 5 8 24 do do do do do Yes. Toodyay ...." 5 3 9 7 6 14 12 9 23 44 do do do do do Yes. Turkey Creek 455 300 45 3 2 2 458 302 47 807 Normal do do Yes do Yes : natives not willing to accept Violet Valley Station .... 19 23 8 19 23 8 50 Fluctuates do do Nil do Yes. "Wagm 1 1 1 27 24 62 28 25 63 116 Half-castes increasing do do do do Yes. Wyalkatcheni 2 2 2 Decreasing do do do do Yes, Wyndham 616 417 "60 13 15 "32 629 432 92 1,153 do. Fairly good .... do Yes Fair Yes. Wickepin 2 1 10 6 23 12 7 23 42 do Good do Nil Good No. Williams .... 4 47 49 86 51 49 86 186 Increasing do do do do Yes. Wiluna 38 33 3 5 2 10 43 35 13 91 Normal Fairly good .... Influenza do Fair'v good Yes. Wongan Hills 2 1 1 1 3 2 5 Decreasing Good Nil do Good No. Yalgoo 65 35 "22 45 30 55 110 65 "77 252 Normal do do do do No : but natives willing to accep any offering. York 5 4 3 7 5 19 12 9 22 43 Decreasing do do do do Employment not plentiful : native willing to accept. Youanmi .... 3 1 3 1 4 Increasing .... do do do do No. Totals 5,727 4,394 1,761 1,381 1,266 1,955 7,108 5,660 3,716 16,484 THE NATIVES' MEDICAL FUND.

Statement of Contributions Received and Claims Paid for Twelve Months ended 30th June, 1938.

Non Contributions Contributions Forms 2 Received. Claims Paid. to Fund. to Fund.

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library Total No. of Total Class of Disability. Doctor. Hospital. Sundries. No. of Natives Contri­ Total District. Permits covered butions Claims issued. No. of No. of Received. Paid. Total under Permit No. of Permit No. of Disease. Permits. Natives. Natives. No. Holders. Holders. Acel- ; in­ V.D. Other. V.D. Other. V.D. Other. dent, j ness. V..D. Other.

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Albany 1 6 1 Beverley 21 21 9 12 12 9 10 0 3"io 0 "" 2 .... ^ 9 0 5 0 2 0 0 1 5 0 Broome 66 148 1» 47 111 111 0 0 144 7 6 32 23 5 0 5 0 0 12 «! 50 0 0 93 10 0 Brookton 7 7 6 1 1 1 0 0 Banbury 25 31 5 10 20 21 12 10 0 .... ^ 1 Carnarvon 39 101 11 32 28 61 5 0 27 "O 0 7 2 4 1 0 0 22 0 0 Cue 21 36 7 10 14 25 10 0 31 2 6 7 3 4 7 0 20 0 0 2 15 6 Derby 51 802 19 413 32 389 352 10 0 95 15 0 34 6 8 17 3 41 15 0 Esperance 4 4 1 1 3 3 3 0 0 Fremantle 3 3 2 1 1 1 0 0 CO Gasooyne Junction 19 81 4 15 73 71 10 0 3"'o 0 "" 3 .... ^ .... ^ 1 3 "b 0 Oeraldton 2 7 2 7 7 0 0 Onowangerup .... 10 10 8 8 2 2 2 0 0 Guildford 1 1 1 1 Kalgoorlie 13 13 5 5 8 8 8 "O 0 Karonie 13 19 4 4 9 15 15 0 0 Katanning 33 33 15 15 18 18 12 0 0 1 "2 6 "" 3 2 1 1 "2 6 La Grange 12 60 3 3 9 57 57 0 0 39 7 6 4 1 1 "" 2 1 17 6 37 10 0 Laverton 24 26 1 1 23 25 21 0 0 Leonora 9 38 S 37 1 1 Marble Bar 52 200 8 10 44 190 188 0 0 11215 0 18 .... ^ "" 5 "" 8 "" 4 0 10 0 82 15 0 29 10 0 Meekatharra 34 92 8 33 59 48 0 0 7 10 6 4 16 0 5 15 0 Merredin 4 4 2 2 2 1 0 0 2 Moore River 7 7 4 4 3 2 10 0 Moora 44 76 14 14 62 58 10 0 4"il 6 "" 8 "" 3 5 0 10 0 4 1 6 Mount Magnet .... 18 27 10 19 8 5 10 0 Mingenew 2 2 2 2 0 0 Mullewa SO 35 6 16 19 16 0 0 .... ^ Moola Bulla 34 258 13 67 191 153 10 0 19 17 6 "is .... ^ 2 "" 9 6 15 0 13 2 6 Narrogin 22 35 3 3 29 15 0 0 18 4 4 1 0 18 4 Northam 15 15 9 9 3 10 0 3 Norseman 6 12 1 1 11 11 0 0 Nullagine 27 117 8 79 79 0 0 28 15 0 "ll "" 2 .... ^ "" 3 5 7 0 0 14 ib 0 15 0 Onslow 32 87 87 84 15 0 2 2 Perth 132 285 53 201 136 10 0 22""9 0 24 .... ^ 11 "" 6 15 0 5 15 0 15 9 0 Peak HiU 12 85 6 26 24 10 0 13 2 6 5 1 1 2 5 10 0 5 0 0 2 12 6 Port Bedland .... ?4 196 3 184 183 0 0 249 13 10 52 8 21 18 5 11 16 6 98 ii 0 130 7 4 8 19 0 Ravensthorpe .... A 6 6 Roebourne 24 160 4 130 130 0 0 12 9 0 "H "" 2 7 3 2 0 10 6 7 13 6 4 5 0 Shark Bay 2 15 14 0 0 Southern Cross.... 10 11 11 0 0 Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library

Three Springs 9 9 :l 3 It 6 6 0 0 3 | 1 2 Violet Valley 17 156 7 62 10 94 94 0 I) 16 15 0 6 ; 3 1 1 1 16 15 0 Wagin .... 8 8 5 5 3 3 2 10 0 1 ! 1 Munia 4 39 2 15 2 24 24 0 0 06 5 0 3 :i 66 5 0 Williams 13 26 0 15 7 11 11 0 0 2 .... ^ 1 Wiluna .... 14 27 3 11 11 16 16 0 0 0 8 0 1 I 0 8 0 Wyndham 27 81 4 4 23 77 77 0 0 18 5 0 20 4 "" 9 4 "" 3 18 5 0 ::: Yalgoo .... 21 59 2 2 19 57 55 10 0 10 10 6 7 1 6 2 2 0 8 8 6 Toodyay 2 5 1 1 1 4 4 0 0 Lake Grace 15 15 10 10 5 5 4 10 0 7""7 0 "" 2 1 .... ^ 7 7 0 Menzies .... 7 7 7 7 Fitasroy Crossing 5 9 1 2 4 7 7 "O 0 Quairading 7 7 3 3 4 4 2 10 0 Carnamah 1 1 1 1 i York 3 3 3 3 .... Pingelly .... 2 2 2 2 11 "" 5 "" 4 2 0 7 6 25 5 0 13 b 0 10 Voluntary Contributors .... 68 "" 68 68 "O 0 38 12 6 1,071 3,665 358 1,133 718 2,532 2,324 15 0 970 0 8 306 53 j 129 86 38 2 13 0 53 12 0 450 11 0 I 446 7 8 1 5 0 15 12 0 1938-39 Contributions | Paid in Advance 31 15 0 | 1 1 2,356 10 0 £56 5s. Od. £896 18s. 8d. £16 17s. Od. Refunds . 163 163 147 0 0

TOTAL NET CONTRIBUTIONsS £2,209 10 0 TOTAL CLAIMS PAID £970 Os. 8d. COMPARATIVE RETURN SHOWING NUMBER OF INDIGENT NATIVES RATIONED AND COST OF RATIONS ISSUED, WITH OTHER PARTICULARS.

1ST JT/LY, 1936, TO SOIH JUNE, 1938.

Average No. of Natives Rationed. Stores and Meat Total Cost Stores and Meat Total Cott- Place. Rate. My Whom Supplied. Supervised by: Provisions Provisions <1986-37). (1936-37). (1936-37). (1937-38). (1937-38). (1937-88). 1936-37. 1937-38.

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Eyre Feeding Depot* (o) Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... Ofncer-in-Charge 11 164 12 0 6 18 0 171 10 0 Karonie Feeding Depot* do. do. do. do do. 76 ""95 565 9 5 94 12 4 660 1 9 678" 4 9 99°19 2 778" 3 11 La Grange Feeding Depot* do. do. do. do do. 58 41 576 8 5 73 6 3 649 14 8 415 5 8 21 5 0 486 10 8 Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library Moola Bulla Native Station do. do. do. do Manager 92 121 179 18 11 313 0 0 492 18 11 278 7 4 249 0 0 527 7 4 Moore River Native Settlement .... do. do. do. do Superintendent 273 368 2,351 6 8 1,099 12 2 3,450 18 10 2,761 1 11 968 16 6 3.729 18 5 Munja Native Station do. do. do. do Manager 97 94 74 7 4 155 10 0 229 17 4 119 5 4 165 0 0 284 5 4 Native Hospital, Derby do. do. do. do Officer-in-Charge 9 5 142 4 1 92 0 9 234 4 10 143 2 1 48 0 4 191 2 5 Native Hospital, Port Hedland .... do. do. do. do do. 15 9 107 8 0 99 0 8 206 8 8 81 14 5 56 10 1 188 4 6 Native Hospital, Wyndham do. do. do. do do. 3 13 46 6 8 3 15 49 8 1 317 4 8 154 12 3 471 16 11 Native Hospital, Broome do. do. do. do do. 3 108 18 0 25 1 6 133 19 6 Violet Valiev Native Station* do. do. o.d do do. 56 35 273 16 2 72 0 0 34516 2 212 19 4 60 0 0 272 19 4

BY CONTRACT UNDER POLICE OR DEPARTMENTAL SUPERVISION.

Abydos Station (Wodgina) Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs F. A. Leeds .... 6 3 . 82 15 2 7 0 0 89 15 2 7 0 6 7 0 0 Albany Contract .... Contractor.. Police 8 10 50 13 11 11 15 3 62 9 2 66 10 6 13 14 11 80 5 5 Beverley do do. do 3 4 15 12 10 0 7 4 16 0 2 19 10 4 19 10 4 Broome do do. do 9 9 73 7 1 13 15 6 87 2 7 100 18 10 18" 6 1 119 4 11 Brookton Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs do 43 44 187 7 3 187 7 3 192 6 6 65 9 3 257 15 9 Bruce Rock Contract .... Contractor ... do 1 1 1 17 9 1 17 9 3 14 7 0 17 8 4 12 3 Bunbury do do. do 1 1 0 2 7 0 1 1 0 3 8 3 1 10 0 14 1 3 15 11 Carnamah do do. do 2 12 6 6 1 19 2 14 5 8 Carnarvon do do. do 13 11 96 8 3 96 8 3 104" 0 1 104" 0 1 Collie do do. do 27 34 162 0 2 34 11 7 196 11 9 203 2 1 6019 10 264 1 11 Coolgardie do do. do 16 48 120 13 9 32 0 10 152 14 7 378 7 2 129 6 8 507 13 10 Cue do do. do 11 7 80 15 0 0 9 0 81 4 0 51 17 3 18 0 8 69 17 11 Dampier Downs Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs J. R. Secombe 11 9 36 1 6 36 1 6 44 19 5 44 19 5 Derby do. do. do. do. Police 1 1 8 8 2 2" 3 0 10 11 2 9 3 2 315 0 12 18 2 Dumbleyung Contract .... Contractor ... do 11 25 58 3 7 13 9 7 71 13 2 152 5 2 36 18 1 189 3 3 Esperance do do. do. 1 19 5 0 9 3 1 18 8 Fitaroy Crossing Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs do. 29 28 168 12 1 16812 1 122 0 11 122 0 11 Gascoyne Junction .... do. do. do. do. do 2 13 15 4 IS 15 4 Geraldton Contract .... Contractor... do 4 20 8 2 3 5 10 23 14 0 Giralia Station Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs W. H. Dawe 2 2 012 0 012 0 13 12 5 13 12 5 Goomalling Contract .... Contractor .. Police 12 8 58 3 5 19 15 11 77 19 4 39 13 6 15 19 7 55 13 1 Goose Hill do do. C. E. Flinders 10 41 14 0 41 14 0 Gnowangerup Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs H. W. Wright 16 18 81 9 3 617 2 88 6 5 95" 8 11 lb" 9 9 105'lS 8 Guildford Contract .... Contractor .. Police 20 23 123 4 11 19 1 11 142 6 10 139 14 4 23 4 1 162 18 5 Ivanhoe do. do. M. P. Durack 13 12 44 17 0 26 0 0 70 17 0 48 6 4 28 0 0 76 6 4 Jamindie Station do. do. J. H. Ryles .... 1 2 3 13 6 3 13 6 17 0 6 17 0 6 Jigalong Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs T. J. Driscoll 69 69 274 1 3 274 1 3 340 17 8 340 17 8 Katanning Contract .... Contractor .. Police 31 42 130 8 8 12 16 11 143 5 7 198 15 0 2710 2 226 5 2 Kellerberrin do do. do 19 31 89 13 10 6 8 3 96 2 1 139 19 11 34 12 3 174 12 2 Kojonup do do. do 1 3 0 14 10 0 14 10 11 8 0 11 8 0 Lake Grace do do. do 1 1 0 5 4 b" 1 1 0 6 5 1 18 6 b"l5 0 2 13 6 Laverton do do. do 2 24 18 16 2 6 3 9 24 19 11 191 7 7 80 3 6 271 11 1 Leonora do do. do 1 0 8 3 0 8 3 Marble Bar Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs do 8 15 44 16 11 lb" 1 0 63 17 11 II2" 6 3 40" 5 0 152 11 3 Menzies Contract .... Contractor .. do 11 1 110 4 10 21 18 0 182 2 10 0 18 2 0 18 2 Merredin do do. do 1 i" 1 10 0 4 10 16 8 Mingenew do do. do 1 ¥ 7 0 6" 7 0 1 12 4 0 7 0 1 19 4 Moora do. do. do Mount Barker do do. do 3 " 3 1319 6 1319 6 11 12 11 UK 11 Mount Magnet Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs do 1 4 11 3 8 11 3 8 29 12 3 29 12 3 Mount Margaret Mission do. do. do. do. R. S. Schenk 122 122 610 3 8 214 14 10 824 18 6 546 18 7 225" 2 2 772 0 9 Mount Narryer Contract .... Contractor.. Atkins Bros 2 1 20 18 8 20 18 8 14 16 0 14 16 0 Mount Vernon Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs W. A. HcHugh 23 17 180 10 7 ISO 10 7 112 17 11 64" 3 0 177 0 11 Mullewa Contract .... Contractor.. Police 1 1 9 6 0 2" 1 3 11 7 3 8 0 6 2 2 6 10 3 0 Mundiwindi Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs R. J. Cockram 19 19 173 5 9 173 5 9 107 2 1 107 2 1 Nannine Contract .... Contractor .. Police 20 13 138 19 11 17" 7 7 156 7 6 112 19 2 2512 0 138 11 2 Narrogin do do do 5l> 66 316 5 7 55 8 3 371 13 10 343 16 3 69 1 7 412 17 10 Norseman Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... do 9 24 71 7 8 16 2 8 87 10 4 128 9 5 36 3 0 164 12 5 Northam Contract Contractor do 7 39 16 6 9 13 0 49 9 6 Northampton do do do 1 3 2" 8 3 2" 8 3 12 8 3 12 8 3 Nullagine Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... do 25 27 175 5 10 51 11 0 226 16 10 213 2 11 7613 1 289 16 0 Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library Nungarin Contract Contractor do 1 0 7 4 0 6 0 0 13 4 Onslow do do do 2 4 22 3 2 22 3 2 4118 3 41 18 3 Peak Hill do do do 8 10 81 17 1 1716 2 99 13 3 111 4 1 34 8 11 145 13 0 Perth do do do 27 16 173 15 11 36 16 3 210 12 2 107 17 11 26 1 133 19 8 Pingelly do do Rev. E. J. T. AtweU 94 71 363 16 8 83 1 4 446 18 0 139 9 2 79 15 4!) 219 4 6 Pinjarra do do Police S 6 48 3 7 13 0 9 61 4 4 37 19 3 11 11 10 49 11 1 Pullagaroo Station do do J. P. Clark 1 8 17 9 1 11 3 10 .9 0 Quairading do do Police 37 45 226 6 6 45 7 3 271 13 9 285'' 5 6 106 0 6 391 6 0 Ravensthorpe do do do 1 1 0 15 0 0 3 8 0 18 8 0 14 7 0 4 8 0 19 3 Roeooume and Tableland Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... do 43 52 193 11 10 43 18 0 237 9 10 325 4 9 116 2 0 441 6 9 Shark Bay do. do. do. do do 1 1 11 4 10 1 » 0 12 13 10 3 12 11 2 14 8 6 7 7 Southern Cross Contract Contractor do 29 27 222 2 0 53 0 10 275 2 10 219 2 11 45 10 7 264 13 6 Tainbellup do do do 1 1 3 7 2 0 4 0 3 11 2 3 1 1 3 11 Three Springs do do _ do 1 3 7 12 1 1 3 1 8 15 2 23 13 3 7 6 10 31 0 1 Turee Station .... Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... J. J. Maguire 7 8 25 18 5 8 0 0 33 18 11 54 9 4 18 13 6 73 2 10 Wagin Contract Contractor .... Police 63 70 307 6 11 76 9 6 383 16 5 405 17 6 64 2 3 469 19 9 Wallal Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... A. Aitken 15 17 16 0 9 5 11 4 21 12 1 14 6 9 14 6 9 "Wickepin Contract Contractor Police 1 0 14 8 6" 3 3 0 17 11 "Williams do do do '"79 36 45015 0 1814 0 469' 9 0 194 18 10 5 15 7 200 14 5 "Wiluna do do do 22 24 162 2 3 21 19 1 184 1 4 202 6 4 45 15 10 248 2 2 Wongan Hills do do do 2 2 15 6 4 15 6 4 17 13 3 4 12 5 22 5 8 Wubin do do do 1 0 9 9 0 5 3 0 15 0 Wyndham Bulk Supplies Department of Native Affairs .... J. W. Harrison "la li) 64 10 5 9 2 0 73 12 5 129 14 0 129 14 0 Yalgoo do. do. do. do Police 5 2 53 13 3 53 13 3 39 18 4 5 18 6 45 16 10 York Contract Contractor do 1 9 3 0 9 oil 8 3 12 5 52 3 8 11 14 8 63 18 4 1,845 2.012 10,797 4 6 3,060 9 2 13,857 13 8 12.050 1 2 3,565 0 8 lo,615 1 10 Freight 1,585 8 4 t 1,501 18 1 1,845 2,012 10,797 4 6 3,060 9 2 15,443 2 0 12,050 1 2 3,565 0 8 17,116 19 11

' Including white employees. t Exclusive of approximately 1,076 inmates of Missions, of whom SS8 are supported at Mission cost and 188 subsidised by (Jovernment. (a) Amalgamated with Karonie. 30

THE NATIVES' MEDICAL FUND.

Statement of Receipts and Payments for Year ended 30th June, 1938.

RECEIPTS. PAYMENTS. £ s. d. s. (1. s. d. £ s. d. Contributions, 1937-38 ... 2,324 15 0 Refund of Contributions 147 0 0 Contributions, 1938-30 31 15 0 2,356 10 0 Claims Paid— Doctors 56 5 0 Hospital 896 18 8 Sundries 16 17 0 970 0 8 Balance in Fund as at 30th June, 1938 1,239 9 4

£2,356 10 0 £2,356 10 0

Note— £ s. d. Claims approved but not paid as at 30th .lune, 1938 56 2 4 Claims since passed for payment to date ... 106 9 5 Total amount claims awaiting approval 219 5 0 £381 16 9

Estimated amount of claims still to be received £300 0 0

NATURE OF PERMIT ISSUED AND NUMBER OF NATIVES AUTHORISED TO BE EMPLOYED I'M ER lit VDElt.

1036-37. Total. 1037-38. Ti tal. Place of Issue. General. Natives. Single. Natives Permits. Natives. General. Natives. Single. Natives. Permits, Natives.

Albany 1 4 2 2 3 B 1 6 1 B Beverley 7 7 7 7 "21 21 21 21 Bunbury " 1 8 10 10 11 18 1 7 24 24 25 31 Broome 10 2«!) 51 57 70 326 15 02 51 56 66 148 Brookton 7 7 7 7 Carnarvon .... , ""7 71 4 ""4 '11 "75 "73 28 28 30 101 Oue 4 :t2 2 2 6 34 "i'6l 21 15 15 21 3(1 C'arnamah 1 1 1 1 Derby 32 861 18 50 870 30 781 21 21 51 802 Esperancc 3 "i3s 3 3 4 4 4 4 Eyre ""4 "Sg 5 5 0 37 Fremantlc 2 2 2 ""3 ""3 ""3 Fltuoy Crossing *> 0 5 3 4 "":5) il Gcraldton ""l 12 ""2 ""2 "3 ""4 (1 1 1 2 7 Gasooyne Junction 11 11)5 3 3 1* 108 10T 70 0 11 10 81 Guildford 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Gnowangerup 3 3 3 3 10 10 10 10 Kalgoorlle "l "4 11 11 12 15 13 13 13 13 Katannlng 8 8 8 8 33 33 33 33 Karonic 3 3 3 3 "1 12 13 13 10 La Grange Bay r, iis 8 8 13 101 3 ""51« 0 0 12 (ill Laverton :i SB 15 15 18 51 1 3 23 23 24 26 Leonora „ :l 24 3 24 5 34 4 4 0 38 lake Grace 15 15 15 15 Marble Bar 11 147 13 "if s 24 160 "11 140 41 51 52 200 Mcekatharra 5 5(1 25 20 30 70 7 60 27 32 34 02 Moola Bulla Native Station 22 325 8 12 30 337 25 245 "0 13 34 258 Moora 1 5 0 0 10 14 8 40 36 36 44 76 Mount Magnet 1 B 13 13 14 10 2 11 16 16 18 27 Munja Native Station 5 HI) 5 01) 4 30 4 311 Mullewa 1 3 3 ""3 4 B 4 10 16 20 35 Moore River Native Settlement 4 4 4 4 7 in7 7 7 Merredln 4 4 4 4 Mingenew 2 ""2 '"2 2 2 2 2 Morales ., 7 7 7 7 Narrogln ""4 B0 ""3 ""3 7 63 ""5 17 17 22 35 Northern 5 5 5 5 "is 15 15 15 15 Norseman 7 7 7 7 ""2 ""8 4 4 0 12 Nullaglne 127 4 7 14 134 12 102 15 15 27 117 Onslow "io8 82 6 14 88 11 66 21 21 32 87 Peak Hill B 4« « B 46 7 30 5 5 12 35 Perth 8 65 "83 "83 01 148 10 160 113 125 132 285 Plnjarra 1 1 1 1 Port Hedland 18 3 3 21 271 190 ""6 "6 "24 Plngelly lies "is 2 2 iiie Qualrading 7 7 7 Kavensthorpe "3 "3 "3 "3 6 6 6 6 Roebourne "i« 320 12 16 28 336 "i7 153 7 7 24 160 Southern Cross 10 10 10 10 10 21 10 21 Shark »*y "1 26 4 4 5 20 ""2 6 7 8 26 Three Springs 7 7 7 7 "io 0 0 0 0 Toodyay 1 "4 1 1 2 f> Violet Valley "i'7 235 ""l 1 18 236 17 156 17 156 Wagin 4 4 4 4 ""s 8 8 8 WUtina "2 12 2 2 4 14 ""5 "is 0 0 14 27 Williams it ~i 3 3 5 18 8 8 13 26 Wyndham "14 124 12 14 26 138 12 63 15 18 27 81 Yalgoo 7 66 11 11 18 76 6 44 15 15 21 50 York 3 3 3 3

Totals .... 240 3,606 416 430 665 4,135 287 2,767 784 830 1,071 3.507

Digitised by AIATSIS Library 2008 - www.aiatsis.gov.au/library 31

MOOLA BULLA NATIVE STATION.

Statement of Receipts and Payments for Year ended 30th June, 1938.

RECEIPTS. PAYMENTS. £ s. (1. £ K. d. £ s. d. To Sates— By Salaries 548 16 6 Cattle 2,732 7 4 Wages 1,275 1 10 Wool 615 2 11 Stores 1.020 5 4 Mules ... 126 0 0 Transport on Stores 841 5 4 Stores ... 120 5 5 Droving Cattle for Sale ... 282 16 0 Hides ... 107 14 !( Travelling Expenses 58 1! 10 Horses ... 24 0 II Workers' Compensation ... 25 17 (1 Leather ... 19 10 0 Shearing Expenses 26 5 3 Beef 0 6 8 Postage and Telegrams ... 19 2 6 3.745 7 1 Insurance Premiums on Vehicles and Stock 16 11 2 Maintenance of Half-caste Child •en Freight on Hides for Sale 9 8 4 and School Fees 38 13 6 Printing and Stationery 8 13 9 Refunds— Charges on Wool for Sale 6 15 II Freight Charges 10 .> 4 Newspapers and Journals 1 5 (I Stores Purchase 5 13 3 Expenses, Purchase of Stallion 0 16 !l 1 -, IS 7 Board and Lodging ... 12 0 I) Stud Fees 4 0 0 Balance being excess of J V.r- penditure over Receipts 925 13 •>

i :4,741 12 4 £4,741 12 4

MOOLA BULLA NATIVE STATION. Statement of Interest on Loan Capital as at 30th June, 1938.

1937-38. £ s. d. £ s. d. July 1 to .Tune 30 25,343 9 7 for 12 months at 4| per cent, per annum ... 1,077 1 11 462 17 4 for 12 months at 5 per cent. ]>er annum ... 23 2 10

25,806 6 11 1,100 4 9

Interest accrued to 30th June, 1937 ... 25,068 11 9 Interest for year ended 30th June, 1938 1,100 4 9

£26,108 16 6

MOOLA BULLA NATIVE STATION. MOOLA BULLA NATIVE STATION. Sundry Debtors as at 30th Jane, 1938. Value of Assets on Station as at 30th June,, 1938. Other. ({ ivernment. 30th June 30th June £ s. d £ s. d. 1938. 1937. Munja Native Station 647 2 0 £ s. (1. £ s. d. Department of Native Affairs Buildings 804 18 8 847 6 1 (for indigent rations) 179 18 11 Fencing 1,981 0 o 2,085 5 5 Premier's Department 10 13 6 Government Stores ... 3 15 (I Stock Yards 1,508 10 8 1,587 18 7 Sundry Persons 87 17 8 Engine and Boiler 65 0 0 243 11 5 Estimated surplus distribu­ Boring Plant ... 449 11 0 494 17 6 tion on 751 bullocks sent Water Supply Plant 3,500 11 7 3,812 16 10 for sale to Wyndham Meat- Tannery Building 1,674 19 5 1,763 2 7 works 1,998 Estimated proceeds from dis­ Carts and Buggies ... 137 15 11 145 1 0 posal of Wool 33(1 Saddlery and Harness 225 14 6 250 19 0 Estimated proceeds from 225 Tools, Brands and Equip­ Hides sent to London for ment 547 13 8 561 15 1 Sale 109 9 Furniture and Household Effects 266 5 6 263 18 10 £2,525 15 2 £841 9 5 Office Furniture and Fittings 17 4 4 17 9 1 Grand Total £3,367 4 7 Cattle 21,768 10 0 25,299 10 0 Horses 2,588 4 3 2,954 7 0 Sheep 1,222 5 0 1,424 16 2 MOOLA BULLA NATIVE STATION. Mules 40 0 0 240 0 0 Sundry Creditors as at 30th June, 1938. Donkeys 1,458 0 0 1,548 0 0 £ s. 1,265 3 3 Sundry Persons 259 17 9 Clinic Building 394 17 9 415 13 5 The Hon. Treasurer 198 13 4

£40,394 18 1 £45,954 0 4 £899 8 6

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MUNJA NATIVE STATION. Statement of Receipts and Payments for Year ended 30lh June, 1938.

RECEIPTS. PAYMENTS. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. To Sales— By Salaries 524 12 II Peanuts 412 8 6 ,, Wages 360 6 1 Stores 31 19 11 „ Stores and Provisions 733 12 7 444 8 5 „ Freight on Stores 165 15 6 „ Refunds— ,, Travelling Expenses 140 9 5 Board and Lodging 15 II 6 ,, Freight on Peanuts ... 71 0 2 Telegrams ... 1 5 3 „ Postages and Telegrams 18 0 6 10 16 9 ,, Workers' Compensation 12 (i 7 „ Newspapers and Journal 3 19 6 ,, Balance, being execss of Expenditure over „ Printing and Stationery 1 9 9 Receipts 1,573 13 10 ,, Wireless Repairs 1 5 0 ,, Wireless Lieence 1 0 0 „ Subscription to Australian Aerial Medical Services 1 1 0

£2,034 19 0 £2,034 19 0

MUNJA NATIVE STATION. Statement of Interest on Loan Capital as at 30th June, 1938.

1937-38. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 1st July, 1937, to 7,112 10 2 for 12 months at 4] per cent, per annum 302 5 7 30th .Mine, 1938 9 0 0 „ 10 0 7 6 189 19 3 „ 9 7 •> (i 37 4 1] „ 8 1 4 10 35 9 2 „ 7 1 0 8 51 3 5 „ 6 1 5 7 65 5 10 „ 4 1 1 !) 14 1 3 „ 2 0 •> 4 314 10 £7,514 14 0

Interest accrued to 30th June, 1937 3,107 17 8 Interest for year ended 30th June, 1938 314 II) 9 ?9 A.99 a

MUNJA NATIVE STATION. MUNJA NATIVE STATION." Value of Assets on Station at the 301 h June, 1938. Sundry Debtors as at 30th Jane, 1938. £ s. d. 30th J unc 30th .lum £ s. d. Sundry Persons 0 10 6 1938. 1937. 50 14 11 £ s. d. £ s. (1. 8 50 14 11 Stores ... 625 13 535 4 0 Less ... Saddlery and Harness 7 12 7 7 12 5 0 10 6 Sundry Plant 310 10 8 304 15 0 Musterers' Plant 272 15 II 235 12 6 £50 4 Household Effects ... 293 5 7 288 8 6 Buildings ... 1,108 3 10 1,166 10 4 225 15 Yards ... II 237 13 7 MUNJA NATIVE STATION. Fencing 37 10 4 37 6 1 Agricultural Implements 253 II II 253 18 6 Sundry Creditors as at 30th June, 1938. Wireless 111 8 6 93 17 8 Clinic Building 213 16 1 225 I •> £ s. J. £ s. d" Diaghy 34 13 6 38 10 7 Government Stores Depart­ Machinery Shed 417 10 (I ment 75 16 5 Carpenters' Plant 41 II 10 41 11 10 Sundry Persons 57 6 3 Cattle ... 2,467 10 0 2,367 10 0 The Hon. Treasurer 33 0 2 Horses 280 0 0 328 0 0 Donkeys 161 0 0 153 0 0 £166 2 10 Mules ... 210 0 0 210 0 0 Goats 59 12 0 64 4 0 Sundries as above ... 166 2 10 Poultry 15 17 3 15 17 3 Moola Bulla Native Station Peanuts 242 12 9 528 6 4 (Transfer of Stock) 647 2 0

£7,390 11 5 £7,132 19 !l £813 4 10

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Missroxs.

l.ombailina. New Norcia. Forrest River.

Name of governing body The Pious Society of Missions .... The Benedictine Community Australian Board of Missions

lirief description of land hold and Use of temporary Native Reserve Agriculture and pasture property 100,000 acres held for Mission pur­ nature of tenure of 107,050 acre's and lease poses within which Is 1,000 acres freehold, all within a He- serve for natives of 8,320,000 I.ive-stock owned by the Mission at 30th .Tune, 1988 :— Cattle 1,500 Over 00 2,000 Horses 30 18 Sheep Over 1,000 Donkeys 86 400 Mules 8 e 14 Goats 400 27 Pigs 40 20 Area under crop or in process of 20 acres vegetables, pumpkins, beans, Over 700 acres Vegetable garden, second year of cultivation, clearing, etc. sorghum, watermelons, etc. ; * drought acres sweet potatoes, a failure for want of rain

(loncral improvements effected during Flooring new school : new stock Cultivation and sheep breeding &M separate report the year ended 30th Juno. 1038 yard for cattle

Special efforts to make the Mission Increasing stock for selling and kill­ Wheat growing, olive oil, ete. Cattle to Meatworks. Second self-supporting during year under ing, also goats for killing and year of drought ; agriculture review milk ; gardening ; fishing ; hunt­ impossible ing kamraroos M. C. Total. F. C. Total. Total. Average number of natives within the 7(1 85 06 220 18 !).r> 128 250 Mission's influence N'umber of inmates supported at the 21 38 5(1 100 Ill CO 38 138 cost of the Mission Number of inmates subsidised by the 8 14 21 43 5 (1 13 24 State, exclusive of above

K. F. M. 1'. .M. P. Average number of children under Pull-blood 17 9 Plill-blood Pull blood . '.1 sixteen years attending school daily Other 2 4 Other 33 24 Other Number nf children received at. the One half-caste boy from liulgin Pull-bloods—1 female ; Others—3 Institution since 1st. July, 1037, years of age males, 3 females : Districts— giving age. sex, whether full-blood Moora, Mlngonew, Victoria Plains. or other, also district whence re­ Xortham, New \orcia, Pinjarra ceived Number of children discharged from One boy, lull-blood, 21 years of age. 0 limit's and 2 females Mission and placed in situations or went to stock work at Beagle Bay otherwise disposed of. giving brief Station ; 2 girls, half-caste, 21 particulars, including name, age, years and 18 years, placod in sex, if full-blood or other, wages to llroome for house work, during be paid or other consideration for night in Convent of Sisters services Births. Deaths. Mar­ Mirths. Deaths. Mar­ riages. riages. Particulars of births, deaths and Full-Wood 2 1 1 Full-blood 4 :i ft marriages Other .... 1 Other

Health- fa) Number of inmates ill from any Four sent to doctor, Beaglu Bay, cause during the year Broome

(b) Enumerate diseases from which The usual colds, heart trouble, folds, nothing special Iiillut'hza. fever and usual com inmates have suffered rheumatic fever, soro eyes, other­ plaints wise no sickness worth mention­ ing

(c) Number of visits by Medical Ml Prom local doctor when required Officer

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MISSIONS—continued.

1 "• Beagle Bay. Mount Margaret. Bad.fnting. Drysdale River.

Xjune of governing body The Pious Society of Missions The United Aborigines' Mis­ The United Aborigines' Mis­ The Benedictine sion sion Community of New Norcia (Roman Catholic) Hrief description of land held and 10.000 acres freehold; 6,000 acres lease ; 200 acres Keserve for Natives of 72 150,000 acres for nature of tenure 149,000 acres leasehold ; Reserve for Natives acres Mission purposes : use of 700,000 iierc Deserve 2,000 acres free­ for Natives hold Livestock owned by the Mission nt 30th June, 1938: — Cattle 2,999 Horses 4 Sheep Donkeys 45 Mules 5« Moats 500 150 Pigs 20 Area under orop or in process of 10 acres ; garden cultivation, olearlng, otc. General improvement* effected New buildings ; many re­ Installed Cyanide plant, in­ during year ended 30th June. pairs ; new bores sunk and cluding 2 vate, 1 overhead 1938 windmills erected; new tank, i shed with zino box, paddock opened etc., 20ft. x 12ft., 1 Bump tank, 1 small return pump, 1 small Diesel engine and •No particulars to 300ft. piping ; also In­ hand. stalled small Diesel engine for return pump to battery ; building ereoted, 60ft. x 18ft., which we hope to use for technical Instruc­ tion ; another four-roomed cottago for native family ; shed, 32ft. x 22ft., for sani­ tary wagon and pans ; new 6 cylinder Chevrolet truck ; new lavatory for girls, 12ft. x ion.; verandah, 35ft. x 10ft., at back of one staff cottage ; new fence with 3 cyclone gates around " Gra­ ham " Home ; one staff cottage trelllsed back and front; second tennis court made and enclosed

Special effort* to make the Mission Stock ; garden ; rieeflelds ; Raffia; stencilling; Poker ' self-supporting during year under handicraft work ; spinning ; weaving ; review- mining M. P. C. Total. M. F. C. Total. M. F. C. Total. Average number of inmates within 10« 08 131 885 100 100 100 300 53 35 82 170 the Missions Influence M. F. C. Total. Number of inmates supported .it 271 50 50 00 160 6 18 2 26 the cost, of the Mission Number of inmates subsidised by (14 None, but indigents and some State, exolusive of above children rationed M. F. M. F. M. F. Average number of children under Full-blood .... 2« 19 Full-blood .... 8 6 Full-blood 16 years attending school dally Other .... 15 23 Other .... 15 22 Other .... 7 6 Number of children received at the 3 half-castes from Broome.... Two full-bloods, one male and Institution since 1st July, 1037, one female, received from giving age, sex, whether full- Laverton ; two half-castes. blood or other, also district one male and one female. whence received reoeived from Laverton Number of children discharged One boy sent to Derby Lepro­ Ouefull-blood female, 16 years. from Mission and planed in situa­ sarium, 7 years old married ; one half-caste tions or otherwise disposed of, male, 16. casual work at giving brief particulars including Stations name, age, sex, If full-blood or other, wages to bo paid or other consideration for service* particulars of births, deaths and Full-blood. Other. Full blood. Other. Full-blood. Other. marriages :— Births 4 4 3 7 11 Deaths 3 1 3 1 5 Marriages 1 1 2 Health- fa) Number of inmates ill from Average 10 a day 38 in-patients. Average of 40 any cause during the year out-patients daily (h) Enumerate the diseases from Various Various whloh inmates have suf fered (c) Number of visits by the Three One Medical Offloer

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MISSIONS—mntiii'ial.

Kunmunya. (Inowangerup. Wotjuluni. Warburton Range.

Name of governing body Hoard of Missions, Presby­ United Aborigines' Missi m .... I United Aborigines' .Mission United Aborigines Alis- terian Church siou Brief description of land held Iteserves for natives of 190 acres Mission property Whole of Sunday Island : bow-lying ranges and nature of tenure 245,000 acres ; estimated under purchase also Native Reserve of uuilga scrub ; gum country can carry 750 to 122,400 acres on main­ ••reeks: use of Native 1,000 cattle ; about 100 land Reserve o" 650,000 aores of arable laud when acres all cleared

l.ive-stock owned by the Mission at 30th June. 1938 :— Cattle 2(H) i Horses 2 • 1 Sheep Donkeys 50 Mules 2 (loats 111(1 .->n 37 Pigs also 12 camels Area under crop or in prooess of 50 acres 11 acres under crop; 50 cultivation, clearing, etc. acres fallow ; over 100 acres cleared

Uenoral improvements effected New lugger procured in place 60 aores cleared and 50 acres All work ceased Large mud brick oh] d during the year ended 30th of old lugger, " W. S. I fallowed ; 25 chains fenc­ ren's home and dormi­ June, 1938 Holland," for beaoh-comb- ing ; 1 building, 24ft. x tory with workers' ing 10ft., erected; ooncrete quarters adjoining hi underground tank, capacity course of ereotlon about 7,000 gallons ; dis­ pensary and oarpenters' shop completed ; also con­ crete floors put in three buildings

Special efforts to make the Mis­ Cultivation: peanuts, sweet Most of the people are self- Beach-combing and crochet Vegetables grown sion self-supporting during potatoes, bananas, paw­ supporting work milking goats bred the year under review paws, vegetables, corn; Ashing for food, beche-de- mer and turtle shell; cattle for meat and milk

M. V. C. Total. M. I''. c. Total. M. I1'. ('. Total. M. K. C. Total. Average number of natives 125 125 17 267 72 59 133 264 311 35 26 9] 10(1 100 100 300 within the Mission's influence (approx.)

-Number of inmates supported Average 50 daily Approximately 73 50 at cost of Mission M. F. C. Total. -Number of inmates subsidised 11 19 1 31 None subsidised, but Govern­ IX Nil by the State, exclusive of ment rations supplied when above required Full-bloods. Others. l''ull-bloods. Others. Full-bloods. Others. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. 1<\ Average number of children 8 9 4 4 1 1 13 9 16 15 under 16 years attending school daily

Number of children received at One male full-blood, age One full-blood female Ten full-blood boys aged Institution, since 1st July, approximately 7, brought 9, 8, 3 at 5, 2 at 4, 3 1.987, giving age, sex, whether from Collier Bay at 8 ; 2 full-blood full-blood or other, also dist­ girls aged 9 and 3 rict whence received Number of children discharged One, Nancy, quarter-caste, Our eldest girl taken from Mission and placed in .v;; 15 years, placed in Derby away and married to situations or otherwise dis­ as domestic her tribal husband posed of, giving brief par­ ticulars, including name, age, set, if full-blood or other, wages to be paid or other con­ sideration for services

Particulars of births, deaths Birth Deaths. Births. Deaths. Mar­ Itirths. Deaths. Mirths. Deaths. Mar­ and marriages : riages. riages. Full-blood 1 1 2 Other 1 .... 1 Health- fa) Number of inmates ill 50 No record kept, but health No serious sickness dur­ from any cause during rather good ing the year the year

(b) Enumerate diseases from Stomach-ache, colds, burns, T.B., V.D.. rheumatic lever, V.l). Minor troubles, sore which inmates have cuts, wounds, toothache, sore eyes eyes, burns, etc. suffered granuloma, sore eyes, bolls, convulsions, ringworm

(c) Number of visits by Nil No record kept, but doctor Nil Medical Officer comes when required

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DEPARTMENT OF NATIVE-AFFAIRS. STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 1937-38 (UNDER SECTION 72 OF NATIVE ADMINISTRATION ACT, 1905-1930).

RECEIPTS. PAYMENTS.

s. d. £ s. d. s. d. To Ount under Section 5 of Native Ad­ By Salaries—Departmental— ministration Act, 1905-1930 10,000 0 0 Commissioner of Native Affairs, Medical Inspector and Head Office Staff 4,845 10 3 „ Rccoipts paid to Trust Fund* 3,473 14 3 Relief Distribution 36 0 0 ,, lielief to Natives (General)— „ Amount provided from Consolidated Provisions ... 9,440 5 5 Revenue Fund for 1937-38 25,201 12 7 F'reight and Cartage 738 18 8 Blankets and Clothing 3,649 0 7 Amount provided from Consolidated Medical Supplies 433 10 9 Revenue Fund for— Burials 479 6 0 Munja 2,034 19 0 Transport of Natives 1,287 12 0 Moola Bulla 4,741 12 4 Travelling Expenses 231 7 7 6,770 II 4 Miscellaneous 854 17 8 Motor Car Upkeep and Travelling (Medical Amount provided from General Loan Inspector, Travelling Inspector and Fund— Commissioner of Native Affairs) 1,082 9 0 Item 46 402 3 10 ,, Native Hospitals— Item 47 5,165 16 5 Port Hedland : 5,568 0 3 Salaries 361 10 4 Provisions 247 0 4 •Exclusive of £3,815 19s. 2d. derived from Moola Medical Supplies 24 10 1 Jiulla Native Station and £461 5s. 2d. from Munja Miscellaneous 240 1 •2 Native Station paid direct to Treasury and therefore Broome : not available. Salaries 220 0 0 Provisions 260 19 3 Medical Supplies 92 18 7 Miscellaneous 155 15 5 Derby : Salaries 281 0 0 Provisions 319 14 5 Medical Supplies 85 19 0 Miscellaneous 232 1 11 Wyndham : Salaries 205 0 0 Provisions ...... 548 15 11 Medical Supplies 42 6 3 Miscellaneous 319 17 11 „ Moola Bulla Clinic 82 14 6 „ Munja Clinic 4 7 3 6 „ Moore River Native Settlement— Salaries and Wages 1,647 13 10 Stores and Provisions 3,634 13 7 Bedding and Clothing 324 19 1 Freight and Cartage 190 9 •> F\>rage 18 0 0 I'urniture and Hardware 327 7 4 Upkeep Truck, Tractor and Car 199 10 8 Miscellaneous 793 7 3 „ Native Stations- Moola Bulla : Salaries and Wages 1,823 18 4 Improvements and Upkeep 2,917 14 0 Munja : Salaries and Wages 884 19 0 Improvements and Upkeep 1,150 0 0 Violet Valley : Salaries 370 2 7 Stores and Provisions, etc. 413 9 8 „ lielief Depots; La Orange : Salaries 176 0 0 Provisions, etc 700 18 5 Eyre : Salaries Provisions, etc 3 13 3 Karonie : Salaries 208 0 0 Provisions, etc. ... 918 16 9 „ East Perth Native Girls' Home— Salaries 180 15 0 Provisions, etc 216 19 5 ,, Grants to Missions and Homes— Kunmunya 118 4 3 Beagle Bay 226 14 4 Wotjulum 111 14 0 Drysdale River 124 7 6 Forrest River 114 4 2

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STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 1937-38, ETC.—«on«»«e

RECEIPTS. PAYMENTS.

s. ..1.

By Grants to Mission* and Homes—continued.

New Norcia ... .Vi 0 0 Broome Convent School ... 93 15 0 Children's Cottage Home, Queen's Park 577 8 10 Swan Boys' Orphanage 7 0 0 „ General Loan Fund (Item 40)— Munja Machinery Shed, etc. 402 3 10 „ General l

£51,019 18 5 £51,019 18 5

1 certify that this Statement is correct according to the books and documents produced.

(Sgd.) S. A. TAYLOR, Auditor General.

Annual Report of the Commissioner of Native Affairs for the year ended 30th June 1938

Corporate Author: Western Australia. Chief Protector of Aborigines

SF 25.6/2 www1.aiatsis.gov.au/exhibitions/removeprotect/prot/lists/wa_prot_list.html vn1636193-1x_a.pdf

By Auihorily: FRED. WM. SIMPSON, Government Printer, Perth.

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