October 2019 Executive Summary Of Draft EIA REPORT FOR PROPOSED ONSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION & APPRAISAL IN CB-ONHP-2017/5 BLOCK IN ANAND, , KHEDA DISTRICTS OF

Project Proponent: Vedanta Limited (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas)

Sensitivity: Public (C4)

Executive Summary

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas), formerly known as Cairn Ltd., has been allocated the hydrocarbon block CB-ONHP-2017/5 in Anand, Vadodara, Kheda Districts of Gujarat under the OALP (Open Acreage Licensing Policy) by MoP&NG, Govt. of India. RSC (Revenue Sharing Contract) has been signed between Vedanta Ltd. and MoP&NG on 1st October, 2018 for the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons.

Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) proposes to carry out drilling of 44 exploratory and appraisal wells and well testing and early production of oil and gas in the block. Block encloses an area of 990 Sq. Km. In case of a discovery (ies), the exploratory and appraisal well(s) will be tested for extended duration by flowing hydrocarbons to ascertain the reservoir parameters and assess the quality and commercial viability. The exploratory and appraisal wells will be drilled to explore the reservoirs up to a depth of 2000 m (Approx.).

The proposed E&A drilling activities fall under category 1(b) of the EIA Notification, 2006 and require Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC). The Terms of Reference for the Project have been approved by MoEF&CC vide letter F. IA-J-11011/105/2019-IA-II(I) dated 26thApril 2019.

2.0 BLOCK LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY

The CB-ONHP-2017/5 Block is located at Anand, Vadodara and Kheda Districts of Gujarat. The Block is accessible through rail, road & air network. Dakor, Bhalej, Anand, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Karamsad, Vadod, Adas, Vasad, Ranoli, Bajva, Atldara, Railway Stations are located within the block. Vadodara Airport is 5Km (East from the block boundary).

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Block Location on SOI Topo sheet is presented below. The proposed project includes exploratory & appraisal drilling of 44 wells and setting up of Early Production Units (EPUs) /Quick Production Units (QPUs) for produced well fluid processing and early production of up to 16000 BOPD of crude oil and 2.4 MMSCFD of associated natural gas.

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3.1.1 Drill Site Preparation a) Drill Site Selection - An initial assessment of the exploratory well site will be carried out through analysis of satellite imageries. Field surveys will be carried out to earmark the drill site location maintaining maximum possible distance from any settlement and sensitive receptors. Ease of accessibility to the site will also be considered.

b) Site Preparatory Works - Detailed site surveys will be carried and the boundary of the drill site earmarked. Site leveling and excavation works will be carried out for site preparation. New approach roads to drill sites will be constructed or existing village roads will be strengthened/ widened to provide access for the drilling equipment and machinery.

c) Rig Mobilization -After completion of the construction activities and with the provision of the basic facilities, drill rig will be transported to the site. The drill equipment are designed as standard land rig or a “Mobile Land Rig” type, which facilitates quick mobilization and demobilization. Rig essentially comprises of a Drilling mud system, drilling cuttings separation system, Cementing unit along with utilities to supply power (DG sets), water and fuel (HSD). E-2 Executive Summary-:Draft EIA REPORT FOR PROPOSED ONSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION & APPRAISAL IN CB-ONHP-2017/5 IN ANAND, VADODARA & KHEDA DISTRICTS OF GUJARAT

3.1.2 Drilling Operation a) The drilling process will involve drilling of the well across various stratigraphic levels and simultaneous data logging. If evidence of hydrocarbon reserves is found, a well test will be performed to establish the oil and gas flow potential of various zones of interest. In case, the well tests yield encouraging results, appraisal wells will be drilled at identified locations to delineate the extent and quantum of the reserve.

b) The drilling activity will involve well spudding followed by sectional hole drilling. Each section is cased with a steel pipe and annular space between hole and casing will be cemented up to the surface. Drilling mud will be used for removal of drilled rock (i.e. cuttings), lubrication and cooling of the drill bit and string. Drilling mud will also provide hydrostatic head in the well to counter natural formation pressures and to prevent hole collapse or ingress of uncontrolled fluids or gases from the formation. Water based mud will be used for initial, shallower sections where massive shales are not encountered. The deeper and difficult to drill formations will be drilled using synthetic base mud (SBM). Other chemical additives viz. glycols and salts may be used in conjunction to mitigate potential problems related to hydrate formation. Hydraulic fracking will be conducted in wells located inlow permeability and low pressure formation. Blowout preventers (BOP) will be installed in order to control the wells during accidental blow-out.

c) Hydraulic Fracturing Activity-Hydraulic fracking may be conducted in wells with low permeability formation and the wells with low pressure. Fracking fluid will typically be 99% water and sand (or other granulated material) and approximately 1% gelled chemicals that will be pumped at a high rate (in excess of 20 bpm) and high pressure (up to 5000 psi) to fracture the formation and improve the well deliverability. Sites for the wells with more than 2 fracs per well (multi-stage fracturing) will have provision of additional space for water storage for better continuity of operations.

d) Well Testing & Flaring- During the exploration and appraisal drilling, where a hydrocarbon formation is found, initial well tests (generally about one month of duration) will be carried out to establish flow rates, formation pressure and other parameters. However, depending on the need, based on nature of the reservoirs, the exploratory and appraisal wells will be tested for longer/extended durations to ascertain the reservoir parameters.

e) Associated Facilities - Each drill site will be provided with facilities such as drilling rig foundation and cellar pit, waste and water storage pits, chemical storage area including fuel storages, drill cutting disposal pit, flare pit and modular/ mobile STPs, mobile ETP. The drill cuttings and spent mud pits will be provided with a HDPE lining for temporary storage. Adequate drainage system for storm water and wastewater would be provided.

f) Liquid Mud Plant (LMP)- The Liquid Mud Plant (LMP) shall be located at suitable location as may be required to prepare mud for the drilling operations. Water Base Mud (WBM) will be used as drilling fluid for initial, shallower sections where massive shale not encountered. The deeper and difficult to drill geological formations will be drilled using Synthetic Base Mud (SBM) as drilling fluid.

g) Appraisal- When, exploratory drilling is successful, more wells (termed as Appraisal wells) will be drilled to determine the size and the extent of the field. The technical procedures and activities in appraisal drilling will be the same as those employed for exploration wells

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Deviated or directional drilling at an angle from a site adjacent to the original discovery well may be used to appraise other parts of the reservoir.

h) Early Production Units (EPU)/ Quick Production Unit (QPU)–In case of commercially viable discovery, EPUs/QPUs will be installed for the processing of produced well fluid processing and early production of up to 16000BOPD crude oil and up to 2.4 MMSCFD associated natural gas. A QPU will be a packaged/ modular mobile unit and will mainly consists of a three phase separator & production heater or heater-treater, oil storage tanks, oil tanker loading system, produced water (PW) separation and disposal system, power generation (GEG or DG), utility systems such as fuel gas, flare & Inst. Air packages, firefighting equipment, etc. Each QPU capacity will be ~2,000 BFPD (Barrels of Fluid per Day).

i) Camp Site: Temporary camp site (porta cabin) for the drilling of exploratory (including) appraisal wells are envisaged, which will be dismantled after drilling of the wells. At any point of time, it is anticipated that about 50 personnel per shift will be housed in the campsite during the well drilling campaign.

3.1.3 Well decommissioning After the completion of the drilling activity, partial de-mobilization of the drilling rig and associated infrastructure will be initiated. As discussed earlier, well testing may be carried out immediately after the drilling is completed. The complete de-mobilization of the facilities at site will happen once well-testing completed successfully. in case of commercially viable discovery (s) of hydrocarbons in the block and having established the size of the hydrocarbon field (s), proposes to immediately bring the field (s) into production using one or more of the appraisal wells for the production of crude oil by setting up of QPU(Quick Production Unit). All other equipment, materials, fue land wastes will be removed from the drilling site and reused for other drilling activities or disposed as per the applicable regulatory requirements.

If hydrocarbons are not found, a full abandonment plan will be implemented. All concrete or steel installations would be removed to at least 1m below ground level, to ensure that there will be no protruding surface structures. All waste at the site will be removed and the pits will be closed. The drill sites and associated sites (for camps and liquid mud plant) will be restored to its original conditions or as required by the landowner.

3.1.4 Resource Requirement Water – For drilling water consumption for mud preparation will be 600-1000 m3/well (WBM) and 150-300 m3/well (SBM) and water for domestic use will be 20-30 m3/day/well. Water requirement for miscellaneous use (Engine cooling, floor/equipment/string waste line, firefighting and storage/makeup) during drilling phase (KL) will be 25-50 m3/well/day. The water requirement for all the project activities will be sourced locally through approved/ authorized sources of surface water and/ or ground water (e.g. PHD bore wells, privately owned bore wells, Irrigation Dept./ Water Resources Dept. of State Govt.). In case, required water could not be sourced from locally available approved sources, ground water will be extracted after obtaining permission from CGWA/ State Govt. The water requirement during early production would be 15-18 KLD for each EPU.

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Power–The required power supply will be provided either from diesel generators or state electricity grid. camp site 2 X 350 kVA (one working and one standby) Drilling site 3 x 1000 KVA (two working and one standby) OR 2 x 1850 KVA (1 working & 1 standby)* Radio Room 2X100 kVA *Depending on the rig capacity & rig availability during E&A (exploration and appraisal) drilling phase. Power requirement during early production phase will be met through GEG 1MW output and 500 KVA D.G. set (emergency backup) for each EPU.

Labour– It is anticipated that, at any given time, there will be about 80 - 100 personnel working on site including technical staff, drilling crew, security staff etc.

3.1.5 Project Cost The cost of the project has been estimated to be about INR 817 Crores.

3.1.6 Land Lease For exploration, appraisal and early production activities, the project does not envisage any R & R, since the land requirement would be very less and on temporary short term lease and away from the settlements. If the identified lands are of private landowners then land lease mode will be applied and in case of govt. land, land allotment from Govt. to be applied. Initially temporary short term lease will be taken for 3 - 5 years for exploration purpose and in case of commercially viable discovery of hydrocarbon resources; the land lease would be converted into long term lease up to life of the project.

For sites selected having settlements if any, Resettlement & rehabilitation (R&R) plan will be developed and implemented as per the applicable State/ Central Govt. policy. Compensation to affected landowners for any loss of land, Cairn will ensure the livelihood of local community, if any affected by the proposed land take, are identified and compensated through adequate compensation and other livelihood restoration activities directly or indirectly through CSR activities.

4.0 EXISTING BASELINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE PROJECT AREA

Baseline information about the Block was collected by review of other published literature, site surveys, stakeholder interactions and primary monitoring carried out during March to June 2019 by ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Type of project The proposed project is green field in nature. There is no interlinked and inter-dependent project.

Site Settings - The project location falls in Anand Vadodara and Kheda Districts of Gujarat. The proposed site is easily accessible through the rail and road network. The part of the major district Anand & Vadodara is located within the block area. NH-48,SH-60, SH-83, SH- 150, SH-151 and SH-188 passes through the block passes through the block. Dakor, Bhalej,

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Anand, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Karamsad, Vadod, Adas, Vasad, Ranoli, Bajva, Atldara, Railway Stations are located within the block. Vadodara Airport is 5 Km (East from the block boundary).

Topography & Soil: The block area is almost flat topography with elevation varying approximately 8m to 56m across area as the Mahi River flows inside the block. The terrain of the Vadodara districts is flat level plain with an altitude ranging from 32 m to 40 m above MSL. The slope gradient of this district is from SE to NW. The eastern part of the district is relatively higher and attains the maximum altitude of 40 m above MSL and the elevation gradually decreases towards south and west. In the soils are dominantly fine textured (clayey) followed by medium textured (loamy) and towards adjoining Vadodara. The soils adjoining to Anand, Kheda, Panchmahal districts are coarser (Sandy)..

Hydrology: As per district Ground Water Brochure published by CGWB, Depth to water level in the, Anand, Vadodara, Kedha districts, ranges from 3.15 to 26.56 m bgl, 3.2 m bgl to 25.63 m bgl and 2 to 40 m bgl during pre-monsoon respectively. During post monsoon, water level in the Anand, Vadodara, Kedha district ranges from 1.05m bgl to 23.54 m bgl, 2.04 m bgl to 31 m bgl , 2 to 40 m bgl respectively. In Anand Vadodara, Kedha district, shallowest water level of 3.15 mbgl was recorded in Laxmipura village, 2.7 m bgl in Padra village, 2m bgl in matar and in Anand, Vadodara, Kedha district, deepest water level of 21.63 mbgl was recorded in Navapura village, 32.6 m bgl in Jetpur , less than 40 m bgl in kathlal respectively.

Climate and Meteorology: The predominant wind during winter season was recorded from SE and E direction. The monthly mean wind speed varied from 3.6 to 11.5km/hr occurring in November and June months respectively. The average temperature during study period in the site locations Anand(Tarapur), Vadodara, Kheda(Dakor) varied from 19°C to 46°C, 10°C to 46°C and 9°C to 46°C respectively. The average relative humidity in Anand, Vadodara and Kheda during study period varied from 7% to 79%, 6% to 82% and 0% to 85% respectively. The monthly wind speed varied from 1 Km/hr to 9 Km/hr, 1km/hr to 8km/hr and 1 Km/hr to 29 Km/hr occurring during 3 months study period respectively.

Ambient Air Quality: Ambient air quality was monitored at 10 locations for a period of 13 weeks. The average of 24-hourly PM 10 at the monitoring locations ranged between 51.62μg/m3 to 53.02μg/m3. The average PM2.5 were recorded as 17.1 g/m3 and 27.6 g/m3, SO2 concentrations ranged between 5.1 g/m3 and 9.9 g/m3, NOx concentrations ranged between 12.1 g/m3 and 19.9 g/m3 and Other parameters such as Lead, Benzene, VOC, HC, Ni, As and [Ba (p)] were observed to be below their respective detectable limits at all the monitoring locations.

Ambient Noise Levels: Noise levels were monitored at 10 locations within the study area. The noise levels were observed to be in the range of 47.6 dB (A) to 54.8 dB (A) during day time and in the range of 39.7 dB (A) to 44.7 dB (A) during night time. The day time noise levels and night time noise levels were found to be lesser than the prescribed standards for rural areas.

Ground Water: Total of 10 ground water samples were collected and analyzed for parameters as per IS: 10500:2012 standards. The total dissolved solids ranges from 418mg/l to 1474mg/l. The total hardness and alkalinity were observed to be in the range of 200mg/l

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to 640mg/l and 170mg/l to 410mg/l respectively in all the locations. Fluoride values were observed to be in the range of 0.43mg/l to 0.87mg/l, as compared to the permissible limit of 1.5 mg/l, which is typical of the area. Concentrations of various heavy metals like mercury, arsenic, lead, barium, cadmium and selenium were found below detectable limits at all the sampling locations. Presence of Total Coliform was said to range between less than <2 MPN/100ml to 7 MPN/100ml. Feacal Coliforms was observed in less than 2 MPN/100.

Surface Water: Out of 10 locations of Surface Water, pH varied from 7.1 to 8.14. Turbidity varied between 1.1 NTU to 4.0 NTU. TDS varied from 190mg/l to 410mg/l. BOD found between 2 mg/l to 3.8 mg/l. Dissolved Oxygen varied from 4.9 mg/l to 6.7 mg/l. Pesticides like DDT(Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane), Endosulphon, Ethion, Manocrotophos were found to be in a below detection limit at all locations. Heavy metals like Lead, Zinc, Copper, Iron, Mercury and Manganese were found to be below detection limit at all locations. Total Coliform count varies between 26 MPN/100ml to 900 MPN/100ml and Fecal Coliform was found to be in the range of 2 MPN/100ml to 80 MPN/100ml.

Soil Quality: Soil samples were collected from 10 locations. The pH values ranging from 8.07 to 8.47 indicating the alkaline properties of soil in the study area. The moisture content in the study locations ranged from 2.87% to 5.11%. The sand, silt and clay properties were found to be in the range of 25.4% to 48.8%, 12% to 38.7% and 26.5% to 61.4%.

Ecology: No rare and endangered species were found within the study area. The study area is marked with moderate population of flora and fauna. The survey area shows some variety of tree, shrub and herb species. Among the tree species the most common species observed are Acacia leucophloea, Roystonearegia, Cocos nucifera, etc. The common shrubs recorded during the primary survey were Calotropis Gigantea, Prosopisjuliflora, Cassia Auriculata etc. The common herbaceous species observed during the primary survey are Barleria Priontis, Rungiapectinata, Tridaxprocumbens etc.

Traffic survey: The traffic study was taken on 04 locations namely NH-1(T1), NH-8(T2), NH- 58(T-3), SH-150 & SH-83

Average Peak Traffic Peak Traffic – Night S.No Traffic Survey Location PCU’s Day Time Time 1 T1- NH-1 88 163 138 2 T2- NH-8 140 179 188 3 T3- NH-59 94 87 93 4 T4- SH-150 & SH -83 85 62 74

Socio-economic Environment:  The study area covers the three districts Anand, Vadodara and Kheda in Gujarat state. There are total 08 talukas and total 40villages within the study area. Total study area consisting of 32936.97hecwith the population density of 705Person/sq.km. Total population in the study region (as per Census 2011) is 232368with120609 male and 111759 female populations. Overall sex ratio is 927 Female per 1000 male, indicating male population is marginally higher in the region as compared with the female. Out of the total population, Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe are 8312 (3.58%) and 3828(1.65%) respectively. The literacy rate of the total population is worked out to 170847 (73.52%). Male literacy 97258 (56.93%), and female

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literacy is 73589 (43.07%). The total population of main worker, marginal worker and non- worker category are 76692(33.00%), 15965 (6.87%) and 139711 (60.12%) respectively.

5.0 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1.1 Site Selection &Land Requirement – Impact An area of approximately 300m X 300m would be taken on temporary short-term lease basis for the construction of well pad (drill site) for exploratory and appraisal wells. For the preparation of suitable access roads connecting to well pads, accommodating OHL and other utilities in future, a width of 30m (approx.) RoU will be required. The drill sites are planned to be located in agricultural land and open scrub land. The land lease for project purposes will result in loss of landowner’s income for the lease period. The procurement of land on lease can lead to moderate impact mainly due to expectations on compensation package.

Mitigation Measures  During the construction of the access road adequate cross drainage structures to be provided considering the topography of the alignment. In addition, traditional knowledge about location of micro drainage would also be sought from local people. The bottom level of the cross-drainage structure should be same as the ground level to prevent any backflow/water logging.  Leveling and grading operations would be undertaken with minimal disturbance to the existing contour, thereby maintaining the general slope of site;

5.1.2 Site Clearance and Grading Impact The site preparation works at campsite and drill site may result in clearance of vegetation, dust generation and loss of topsoil. The earthworks to be carried will typically involve excavation, levelling / grading; and rolling and compaction.

Mitigation Measures  Water sprinkling to be carried out, while working in proximity of agricultural fields or settlements/habitations;  Runoff from drill sites located near ponds and catchment of tankas to be channelized through silt trap;  if any tree felling is involved, permission from the concerned department to be undertaken.

5.1.3 Construction/preparation of Drill Site Impact Construction of cellar pit, water storage pit and drilling waste storage pits will result in excavation of soil from each site. Noise from construction/site preparation activity will be generated from bull dozer, DG sets and concrete-mixing plant.

Mitigation Measures  Temporary storage sheds to be provided for storing of construction/site preparation material such as cement;

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 Excavated soil to beused for construction at other project sites, if feasible;

5.1.4 Installation of Campsite Impact The campsites will be located in the vicinity of the drill site. A typical campsite would require portable cabins to accommodate about drilling crew and the contractor personnel. Installation of porta-cabins with associated facilities will involve Health and Safety issues pertaining to transportation, loading - unloading of cabins and installation of cabins.

Mitigation Measures  Crane to be is equipped with a legible, durable load chart that shows the manufacturer's recommended load configurations and maximum load weights; and  Surface conditions to be examined prior to movement of crane.

5.1.5 Transportation of Drilling Rig and Other Components Impact Transportation of drilling rig, drilling equipment, materials and manpower will involve movement of about trailer loads spread over days use the existing roads till they reach the access road for each well site. The potential impacts may include congestion of roads, wear and tear of existing roads and oil leaks from vehicle maintenance areas.

Mitigation Measures  Movement of rig & associated machinery to be avoided to the extent possible during peak traffic hours.  Local administration & village administration to be informed during movement of rigs through village roads;  Periodic maintenance of all project vehicles and machinery to be carried out.

5.1.6 Handling, transport and storage of Chemicals and wastes Impact The drilling operations will involve generation of spent drilling mud, drill cuttings, waste oil, used containers, etc. The drill site will also involve storage of hazardous chemicals and fuels which has the potential to contaminate soil and groundwater.

Mitigation Measures  Separate drill cutting disposal pits to be provided for WBM and SBM  Waste pits to be provided with HDPE lining  Used hazardous chemical barrels and waste oil to be sent to SPCB authorized vendors  Fuel tanks to be provided with secondary containment facilities.  All mixing tanks and chemical storage area to be paved and provided with secondary containment.

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5.1.7 Noise Generation Impact The noise generation sources will include DG sets, pumps for rig and other miscellaneous equipment’s.

Mitigation Measures  The center of the drill site to be located at a safe distance from any habitation and sensitive locations such as schools, health centres etc.  Rotary equipment on rig for drilling to be provided with silencers, rubber claddings and noise isolators;  PPE’s such as ear plugs and muffs to be provided to workers at site;  Periodic maintenance of vehicles and machinery to be undertaken;  DG sets to be provided with acoustic enclosures in conformance with Environment (Protection) Rules 1986.

5.1.8 Air emissions Impact The drilling activities will lead to emissions from operation of diesel generator sets and flaring during well testing.

Mitigation Measures  DG set emissions shall be as per CPCB standards  To minimize the effects of flaring, the flare pit will be designed as per the CPCB requirements.  Elevated/ ground flare system to be adopted, and designed meeting the statutory requirements;  Location of the flare stack to be decided at the design stage taking into consideration nearest habitations, vegetation, public amenities or any sensitive locations

5.1.9 Ground Water Impact Water Requirement -Water for WBM preparation will be 600 to 1000 m3/Well, for SBM preparation will be 150 to 300 m3/Well, for drilling water consumption will be 25-50 m3/day/well and water for domestic use will be 20-30 m3/day/well.

Mitigation Measures  Water to be sourced locally through approved/ authorized sources of surface water and/ or ground water (e.g. PHD bore wells, privately owned bore wells, Irrigation Dept./ Water Resources Dept. of State Govt.). In case, required water could not be sourced from locally available approved sources, ground water will be extracted after obtaining permission from CGWA/ State Govt.  Safe drinking water to be provided at campsite.  The sewage from each port-cabin to be connected to a mobile STP or Septic tank & Soak pits.

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5.1.10 Surface water quality Impact Site clearance and removal of top soil during site construction would result in an increase in soil erosion potential leading to an increased sediment load in the surface run-off during monsoon. Also, surface run off from drilling waste (cuttings and drilling mud), hazardous waste (waste oil, used oil etc) and chemical storage areas may lead to the pollution of receiving water bodies viz. natural drainage channels etc.

Mitigation Measures • Proper treatment of all wastewater and produced water and any water discharge from well site should comply with CPCB applicable Discharge Standards for Oil and Gas Industries  Waste mud to be stored in the HDPE lined pit • Drainage and sediment control systems at the well site would be efficiently designed • All chemical and fuel storage areas, process areas would have proper bunds so that contaminated run-off cannot escape into the storm-water drainage system.

5.1.11 Soil Quality Impact During the site preparation phase, removal of soil would be happened. Site preparatory activities would involve the sourcing of earth-fill from borrow areas. Since in most of the cases efforts would be made to procure the fill material from nearby existing borrow areas. Storage of drill cuttings associated with WBM and SBM, spent drilling mud and sludge containing oil and other waste are likely to be generated, would be stored at HDPE lined pit. Fuels, lubricants and chemical used for the drilling operations (especially daily consumption) would be stored at site.

Mitigation Measures  The top soil would be stored and preserved;  Restrict movement of vehicles within the site only to designated areas to prevent any compaction of soil;  Manage spills of contaminants on soil using spill kits;  Storage of construction waste/ SW in designated areas within drill sites/well pad;  Adopt best practices e.g. use pumps and dispensing nozzle for transfer of fuel, use drip trays etc.

5.1.12 Road and Traffic Impact During various phases of projects like drilling, early production and decommissioning various types of vehicle / equipment movement would be involved. The vehicular movement is expected to be more in drilling phase due to movement of machinery & manpower.

Mitigation Measures  Speed limits would be maintained by vehicles involved in transportation of raw material and drilling rig.

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 Regular supervision would be done to control vehicular traffic movement along defined traffic routes  Entry of vehicles into the drilling site area is prohibited except for material movement.  Adequate parking would be provided outside the drilling location.

5.1.13 Socio economic environment Impact Influx of population is anticipated in all stages of the project cycle particularly during exploratory drilling. The drill site would involve the operation of about 50 onsite workers during drilling phase. Interaction between workers with villagers of nearby areas might give rise to various issues like conflict of workers with the local population, nuisance caused by workers due to improper sanitation facilities, etc.

Mitigation  The shortest distance as far as avoidable / feasible would be considered for access road, with additional care to avoid division of land parcels into agriculturally unviable fractions;  The village road identified for accessing proposed project footprints, would be strengthened and widened as per requirement before starting project activities;  Concerns of local Panchayat regarding any impact on their common property resources (like of use of village road, water resource etc.) due to project activities, would be proactively identified and addressed;

5.1.14 Biological Environment Impact There is no demarcated and sensitive wildlife habitat within the Block or its adjacent area. The area is free from any migratory route or corridors (daily and seasonal movement) for animals. However, noise generated from drilling activities, lighting at well site, traffic movement will cause of disturbance to local fauna. Mitigation Measures  The working area would always be kept minimum.  Fencing would be done on the camp site to avoid any unfortunate encounter with faunal species.  Speed of the vehicles would be kept as minimal as per the requirement.  All vegetation to be carefully removed.  For felling of trees prior approval from concerned Department shall be obtained.

5.1.15 Occupational Health & Safety Risks Impact The health and safety risks associated with drilling operations may include well kick or blow out, crane failure, fire Hazards and radiation hazard from well logging tool handling and storage.

Mitigation Measures  Blowout preventers to be provided;  Adequate Health & Safety measures will be taken;  Flare pit to be placed at a safe distance from the well head and fuel storage areas;

E-12 Executive Summary-:Draft EIA REPORT FOR PROPOSED ONSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION & APPRAISAL IN CB-ONHP-2017/5 IN ANAND, VADODARA & KHEDA DISTRICTS OF GUJARAT

 Fire-fighting measures to be provided.

5.1.16 Demobilization and Abandonment Impact If hydrocarbons are not found, a full abandonment plan will be implemented. The impacts from decommissioning of drill sites may include noise generation and soil contamination due to demolition of cutting pits and chemical storage areas.

Mitigation Measures  All the wastes to be removed from the site and suitably disposed off.  Prior to commencement of any demolition, a planned programme of site clearance will be formulated. All pits, cellars and holes will be removed, and filled to ground level, any oil or otherwise contaminated soil will be removed and disposed at per guideline.  Roads and other paving will be removed to sufficient depth to allow soil replacement and vegetation.  Any remaining topsoil that has been stocked during the site clearance will be re-spread over appropriate portions of the site.

6.0 Environment Management and Monitoring Plan

Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) has formulated a Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Policy for its operations. Through the HSE Policy, Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) is committed to protect the health and safety of everyone involved in its operations, and the sustainability of the environment in which it operates. Vedanta Ltd. (Division: Cairn Oil & Gas) aims at ensuring that all its operations comply with applicable health, safety and environmental laws, regulations and other requirements.

A comprehensive environmental monitoring plan has been developed for the project. Monitoring of ambient air quality, noise levels, soil and groundwater quality, etc. to be carried out during the execution of the project.

7.0 Proposed CER Strategy

As per MoEF&CC office memorandum number F. No 22-65/2017-IA-III dated 1stMay, 2018, Corporate Environmental Responsibility requirement will be fulfilled.

E-13 Executive Summary-:Draft EIA REPORT FOR PROPOSED ONSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION & APPRAISAL IN CB-ONHP-2017/5 IN ANAND, VADODARA & KHEDA DISTRICTS OF GUJARAT