©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson Writebonnierose.Com 1 Copyright © 2017 by Bonnie Rose Hudson

Home , Akshayuk Pass, Alexander Tilloch Galt, Charles Tupper, Edward Barron Chandler, John Mercer Johnson, Jonathan McCully

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Table of Contents

People and Places ...... 4

Where Is It? ...... 5

What City Is It? ...... 7

The RCMP ...... 8

Timeline of Canadian History ...... 9

Where Would You Find It? ...... 11

Explorers of Canada—Part 1 ...... 13

Explorers of Canada—Part 2 ...... 15

Prime Ministers of Canada—When Did They Serve? ...... 17

Who’s Who in Canadian Sports ...... 19

Fathers of Confederation ...... 22

Prime Ministers of Canada—Who Am I? ...... 27

Find the Famous Person ...... 31

Inuit Words ...... 34

Capitals ...... 35

Canada in the World Wars ...... 36

Answer Key ...... 41

Match the person with the province or territory they are from and also with what they are known for. Each person will have two letters beside their name.

______1. Winnifred Blair a. Quebec ______2. Charles Fenerty b. British Columbia ______3. Lucy Maude Montgomery c. Nunavut ______4. Robert Bartlett d. New Brunswick ______5. Joseph-Armand Bombardier e. Saskatchewan ______6. Frederick Banting f. Ontario ______7. Janette Oke g. Northwest Territories ______8. Harry Jerome h. Newfoundland and Labrador ______9. Étienne-Joseph Gaboury i. Prince Edward Island ______10. Joe Sakic j. Yukon Territory ______11. Greg Wiltjer k. Nova Scotia ______12. Pudlo Pudlat l. Alberta ______13. Ethel Blondin-Andrew m. Manitoba n. Pioneer of inspirational fiction and author of the Love Comes Softly series o. Hockey player who has won a World Cup, Stanly Cup, and an Olympic gold medal p. Architect who designed the Royal Canadian Mint in Winnipeg q. The first Miss Canada r. Explored the Arctic s. First Aboriginal woman elected to parliament t. Invented the wood pulp process for papermaking u. Artist who drew over 4,000 drawings v. Discovered insulin along with Charles Best w. Wrote Anne of Green Gables x. Invented the snowmobile y. Bronze medalist at the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo z. Played basketball for Canada in the 1984 Olympics

Below is a chart of the provinces and territories in Canada. On the next page is a list of places in Canada. Put each place from the list under the province or territory you can find it in.

Alberta British Columbia Manitoba ______

New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories ______

Nova Scotia Nunavut Ontario ______

Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan ______

Yukon Territory ______

Anticosti Island Asby Bay Athabasca River Avalon Peninsula Baffin Island Banks Island Big Trout Lake Bistacho Lake Boularderie Island Cape Breton Island Cape Churchill Cormorant Lake Cree Lake Cypress Hills Eagle River Ellesmere Island Fraser River Great Slave Lake Gulf of Boothia Hubbart Point Ishpatina Ridge Keele Peak Lake Claire Lake Diefenbaker Lake Eau Claire Lake Laberge Lake Nipigon Lennox Island Long Range Mountains Malpeque Bay Miramichi Bay Mount Campbell Mount Caubvick Mount Sir James Mount Tremblant Mount Waddington Mt. Carleton Mt. Columbia Murray River Nepisiguit River Nonacho Lake North Knife Lake Old Wives Lake Oromocto Lake Orwell Bay Princess Royal Island Strait of Canso Strait of Georgia Tunungayualok Island Ungava Peninsula Winisk River Yathkyed Lake

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 6 What City Is It? Underline the correct answer for each of the questions. 1. What is the name of the northernmost permanently inhabited place on earth, located on Ellesmere Island? a. Cambridge Bay b. Alert c. Rankin Inlet

2. What is the name of the first continuous settlement on Prince Edward Island? a. Kensington b. Charlottetown c. Port La Joie

3. What city is the oldest city in Canada? a. Montreal b. Quebec City c. Granby

4. What city is the most easterly city in North America? a. St. John’s b. Bonavista c. Churchill Falls

5. What city’s population grew to over 30,000 after gold was discovered in Bonanza Creek? a. Whitehorse b. Old Crow c. Dawson

6. What city located on Wascana Creek was once known as Pile O’Bones? a. Saskatoon b. Regina c. Moose Jaw

7. What city was once known as Stanley or Salisbury, but was renamed in 1888 after the individual who was then lieutenant governor of British Columbia? a. Nelson b. Rossland c. Cranbrook

8. What city was once known as The Bend and originally a Micmac village? a. Fredericton b. Moncton c. Bathurst

9. What is Canada’s largest city today? a. Ottawa b. Vancouver c. Toronto

10. What city was home to Canada’s largest and most important naval base during World Wars I and II? a. Halifax b. Lunenburg c. Sydney

11. What city is located on the Trans-Canada Highway and is known as the “Wheat City of Canada”? a. Winnipeg b. Brandon c. Thompson

12. What town in the Northwest Territories was the territorial capital from 1911 to 1967? a. Hay River b. Fort Smith c. Inuvik

13. What city hosted the Winter Olympic Games in 1988 and annually holds a world-famous exhibition and stampede? a. Medicine Hat b. Edmonton c. Calgary

Mark each statement T for true or F for false. If the statement is false, see if you can correct it.

_____ 1. When the RCMP were originally founded, they were known as the Royal North-West Mounted Police. _____ 2. After merging with the Provincial Police, the RCMP received its current name. _____ 3. The RCMP is an agency under the Ministry of Public Safety Canada. _____ 4. In 1896, Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier wanted to disband the force, but support for the force prevailed. _____ 5. The RCMP Depot Division (Training Academy) is located in Ottawa. _____ 6. The original headquarters of the force and the first post built was Fort Battleford. _____ 7. Women were accepted as uniformed officers in 1974. _____ 8. The motto of the RCMP is “Maintiens le droit” (defending the law). _____ 9. The first permanent Commissioner was James Farquharson Macleod. _____ 10. The RCMP National Headquarters Building is named after Maurice Jean Nadon, the 16th Commissioner of the RCMP.

Write each statement from the next page beside the year it occurred.

1497

1534

1604

1608

1778

1791

1840

1867

1869

1870

1873

1880

1885

1908

1914

1920

1931

1945

1959

1999

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 9 1. The Act of Union is passed, eliminating the legislatures of Lower and Upper Canada and creating the Province of Canada 2. Canada joins the League of Nations 3. John Cabot lands in Canada 4. A central police force is established, later to become known as the North West Mounted Police 5. The Gaspe Peninsula is claimed for France by Jacques Cartier 6. Nunavut separates from the Northwest Territories and becomes its own territory 7. The Red River Rebellion occurs under the leadership of Louis Riel 8. Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery is published 9. James Cook lands on Vancouver Island 10. Canada joins the United Nations 11. Quebec is split into two colonies, Upper Canada and Lower Canada 12. The Dominion of Canada is established 13. Oil is discovered in the Turner Valley 14. The St. Lawrence Seaway opens 15. The North-Western Territory and Rupert’s Land become part of Canada 16. The city of Quebec is founded by Samuel de Champlain 17. The Canadian Pacific Railway is finished, connecting east and west 18. Acadia is founded by Sieur de Monts of France 19. Canada becomes an independent nation under the Statute of Westminster 20. Ownership of the islands of the Arctic Archipelago is given to Canada

Using the clues on the next page, fill in the province or territory where you would find each of the places shown. Each province or territory is used more than once. Please also note that the province of Newfoundland and Labrador appears as NewfoundlandLabrador in the puzzle to shorten the length of the crossword.

Across Down

7. Sirmilik National Park 1. Cabot Trail

8. Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site 2. Mount Royal Park

11. Wansuskewin Heritage Park 3. Fort Pelly National Historic Site

12. Ukkusiksalik National Park 4. Reversing Falls

13. Perce Rock 5. Grasslands National Park

17. Bonaventure Island 6. Waspusk National Park

18. Carleton Martello Tower 9. Port de Grave

25. Lower Fort Garry 10. Oak Hammock Marsh

26. S.S. Keno National Historic Site 14. Wood Buffalo National Park

28. Nahanni National Park Reserve 15. Kluane National Park and Reserve

31. Witless Bay 16. Stanley Park

32. Evangeline Trail 19. Vuntut National Park

33. Agawa Canyon 20. Auyuittuq National Park

34. Torngat Mountains National Park 21. Confederation Centre of the Arts

35. ‘Ksan Historical Village and Museum 22. Aulavik National Park

36. Columbia Icefield 23. Canadian Badlands

37. Basin Head Fisheries Museum 24. Banff National Park

38. Orwell Corner Historic Village 27. Gulf Islands National Park Reserve

29. Mactaquac Provincial Park

30. Horseshoe Falls

33. Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum

a b c d e f g h i j k l m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

n o p q r s t u v w x y z 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 You will see that each of the lines below has a number under it. The number stands for a letter. Find the correct letter in the chart above and fill it in for each letter in the explorer’s name.

A. ______19 9 18 20 8 15 13 1 19 2 21 20 20 15 14

B. ______10 15 8 14 3 1 2 15 20

C. ______10 1 3 17 21 5 19 3 1 18 20 9 5 18

D. ______19 1 13 21 5 12 4 5 3 8 1 13 16 12 1 9 14

E. ______10 15 8 14 4 1 22 9 19

F. ______19 9 13 15 14 6 18 1 19 5 18

G. ______19 9 18 13 1 18 20 9 14 6 18 15 2 9 19 8 5 18

H. ______19 9 18 8 21 13 16 8 18 5 25 7 9 12 2 5 18 20

I. ______7 5 15 18 7 5 8 1 13 9 12 20 15 14

J. ______1 14 20 8 15 14 25 8 5 14 4 1 25

K. ______8 5 14 18 25 8 21 4 19 15 14

a b c d e f g h i j k l m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

n o p q r s t u v w x y z 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

L. ______8 5 14 18 25 11 5 12 19 5 25

M. ______1 12 5 24 1 14 4 5 18 13 1 3 11 5 14 26 9 5

N. ______1 12 5 24 1 14 4 5 18 13 3 11 1 25

O. ______, ______16 9 5 18 18 5 4 21 7 21 1 19 9 5 21 18

______4 5 13 15 14 20 19

P. ______19 9 18 23 9 12 12 9 1 13 16 1 18 18 25

Q. ______12 15 18 4 19 5 12 11 9 18 11

R. ______4 1 22 9 4 20 8 15 13 16 19 15 14

S. ______7 5 15 18 7 5 22 1 14 3 15 21 22 5 18

T. ______16 9 5 18 18 5 7 1 21 12 20 9 5 18

______, ______22 1 18 5 14 14 5 19 19 9 5 21 18 4 5 12 1

______22 5 18 5 14 4 18 25 5

Using the names of explorers you decoded in the previous puzzle, write the letter of the name that matches each of the following descriptions.

1. _____ This French explorer sailed into the St. Lawrence River in 1534 and was the first European to reach the interior of Canada in 1535. He reached the area that is now Montreal.

2. _____ This English explorer landed in Newfoundland and took possession of the land in Queen Elizabeth I’s name in 1583.

3. _____ This Italian explorer who was sailing for England found rich fishing grounds in the area of Newfoundland and possibly Labrador and Cape Breton Island in 1497.

4. _____ This French explorer led settlers to a place near the mouth of the St. Croix River, after exploring the Bay of Fundy, in 1603.

5. _____ This Canadian explorer established the town named for him in 1813. It is located at the head of Lake Ontario and has become an important manufacturing center.

6. _____ This French explorer founded the settlement of Quebec along the St. Lawrence River in 1608. Quebec became the first permanent settlement in what was called New France.

7. _____ This English explorer discovered a strait between Greenland and Canada in 1585 while looking for the Northwest Passage. The strait is now named for him.

8. _____ This French explorer completed the founding of a chain of fur-trading posts between Montreal and what is now Saskatchewan in 1738 while he was trying to find a land route to the Pacific Ocean.

9. _____ This English explorer entered a bay on Baffin Island’s east coast in 1576. This bay is now named for him.

10. _____ This English explorer began travel to the Saskatchewan River in 1754. He was the first white man to visit the Blackfoot tribe in Canada and let people know of their customs.

11. _____ In 1610, this English explorer sailed a ship called the Discovery into the bay that is named for him.

12. _____ This explorer was an American immigrant to Canada. He went with a Canadian explorer in 1793 to the Pacific Ocean on the first overland crossing of northern North America.

13. _____ This English explorer explored the west coast of Hudson Bay and claimed the land for England in 1612.

14. _____ In 1811, this Canadian explorer became the first white person to travel the full length of the Columbia River. He also made important maps of the northwestern part of North America.

15. _____ This Canadian explorer reached the river that was named for him in 1789, then followed the river to the Arctic Ocean. He reached the Pacific Ocean in 1793, as part of a team of men who made the first overland crossing of northern North America by white men.

16. _____ This explorer was a Scottish immigrant to Canada. In 1811 he sent a group of immigrants to found a settlement on the Red River in what was to become Manitoba Province.

17. _____ This English explorer began his travels among the First Nations of central and southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan in 1690. He is the first European known to have visited this area.

18. _____ This explorer was an American immigrant to Canada who in 1808, explored the river that was later named for him. He traded and explored in the area of British Columbia.

19. _____ This English explorer discovered Melville Island in 1819. He later set a record for the farthest north any explorer had traveled. This record held until 1876.

20. _____ This English explorer reached the North American continent in 1792, and sailed around the island that was later named for him. He also made early surveys of the west coast of North America from San Diego to southern Alaska.

Underline the correct answer from the choices given.

1. This prime minister served from 1892 to 1894.

Sir John S. D. Thompson Sir Robert L. Borden W. L. Mackenzie King

2. This prime minister served from 1920 to 1921 and again for a short time in 1926.

Sir John J. C. Abbott Sir Robert L. Borden Arthur Meighen

3. This prime minister served from 1867 to 1873 and again from 1878 to 1891.

Sir Wilfrid Laurier Sir John A. Macdonald W. L. Mackenzie King

4. This prime minister served from 1911 to 1917 as a Conservative, and from 1917 to 1920 as a Unionist.

W. L. Mackenzie King Sir Robert L. Borden Louis S. St. Laurent

5. This prime minister served from 1984 to 1993.

Brian Mulroney John N. Turner Paul Martin

6. This prime minister served from 1896 to 1911.

Sir Mackenzie Bowell Sir Wilfrid Laurier Sir Charles Tupper

7. This prime minister served from 1921 to 1926, was out of office between June and September 1926, then served again from 1926 to 1930 and from 1935 to 1948.

Alexander Mackenzie W. L. Mackenzie King Richard B. Bennett

8. This prime minister served from 1891 to 1892.

Joe Clark John G. Diefenbaker Sir John J. C. Abbott

9. This prime minister served for only about ten weeks in 1896.

Sir Charles Tupper Sir Mackenzie Bowell Sir Wilfrid Laurier

10. This prime minister served from 1873 to 1878.

Sir Mackenzie Bowell Sir John J. C. Abbott Alexander Mackenzie

11. This prime minister served from 1930 to 1935.

Richard B. Bennett Lester B. Pearson John N. Turner

John N. Turner Jean Chrétien Kim Campbell

13. This prime minister served from 1963 to 1968.

Pierre Elliott Trudeau Lester B. Pearson Brian Mulroney

14. This prime minister served for only about two and one-half months in 1984.

Jean Chrétien John N. Turner Lester B. Pearson

15. This prime minister served from 2003 to 2006.

Paul Martin Kim Campbell Pierre Elliott Trudeau

16. This prime minister served from 1894 to 1896.

Sir Mackenzie Bowell Sir Wilfrid Laurier Arthur Meighen

17. This prime minister served from 1968 to 1979 and again from 1980 to 1984.

Joe Clark Brian Mulroney Pierre Elliott Trudeau

18. This prime minister served from 1957 to 1963.

W. L. Mackenzie King John G. Diefenbaker Pierre Elliott Trudeau

19. This prime minister served from 1993 to 2003.

Jean Chrétien Paul Martin Lester B. Pearson

20. This prime minister served from 1948 to 1957.

Lester B. Pearson Louis S. St. Laurent Richard B. Bennett

21. This prime minister served from 1979 to 1980.

Stephen Harper Joe Clark Pierre Elliott Trudeau

22. This prime minister served from 2006 to 2015.

Paul Martin Stephen Harper Justin Trudeau

23. This prime minister began serving in 2015.

Justin Trudeau Stephen Harper Paul Martin

Do the math problems below each line and use the chart below to find the letters needed to decode the names of these Canadian sports figures.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m

24 28 30 62 36 64 42 66 50 52 54 56 60

n o p q r s t u v w x y z 40 70 76 58 72 48 32 80 68 86 90 84 88

1. Champion Figure Skater

______3 X 18 5 X 16 8 X 9 4 X 8

______4 X 7 6 X 12 5 X 14 2 X 43 8 X 5 2 X 25 4 X 10 6 X 7

2. Hockey Hall of Fame Member

______2 X 14 2 X 36 4 X 9 2 X 16 8 X 4 3 X 22 4 X 20 8 X 7 2 X 28

3. Major League Baseball Player

______3 X 14 3 X 12 2 X 35 2 X 36 2 X 21 6 X 6

______6 X 8 9 X 4 4 X 14 2 X 27 5 X 10 2 X 36 6 X 9

4. Hockey Hall of Fame Member

______4 X 19 6 X 4 16 X 2 3 X 24 5 X 10 6 X 5 2 X 27 9 X 8 14 X 5 7 X 12

5. Champion Figure Skater

______12 X 3 14 X 4 4 X 17 5 X 10 2 X 24 12 X 4 16 X 2 14 X 5 13 X 4 18 X 3 2 X 35

a b c d e f g h i j k l m

24 28 30 62 36 64 42 66 50 52 54 56 60

n o p q r s t u v w x y z 40 70 76 58 72 48 32 80 68 86 90 84 88

6. Hockey Hall of Fame Member

______4 X 15 3 X 8 12 X 6 18 X 3 3 X 20 4 X 9 16 X 3 8 X 6 10 X 5 12 X 3 18 X 4

7. Inventor of Basketball

______13 X 4 4 X 6 15 X 4 6 X 6 16 X 3

______20 X 2 12 X 2 25 X 2 24 X 2 30 X 2 10 X 5 2 X 16 2 X 33

8. Hockey Star

______3 X 20 3 X 8 24 X 3 25 X 2 10 X 7

______14 X 4 12 X 3 30 X 2 25 X 2 18 X 2 16 X 5 18 X 5

9. Major League Baseball Player

______2 X 12 2 X 31 3 X 8 4 X 15 4 X 12 4 X 8 4 X 9 12 X 6 20 X 2

10. Hockey Star Nicknamed the “Golden Jet”

______14 X 2 35 X 2 7 X 4 2 X 14 12 X 7 3 X 22 40 X 2 14 X 4 8 X 7

11. Champion Figure Skater

______38 X 2 2 X 12 16 X 2 36 X 2 25 X 2 6 X 5 27 X 2 15 X 2 22 X 3 3 X 8 5 X 8

n o p q r s t u v w x y z 40 70 76 58 72 48 32 80 68 86 90 84 88

12. Hockey Star

______8 X 6 2 X 25 31 X 2 8 X 5 4 X 9 42 X 2

______6 X 5 18 X 4 14 X 5 12 X 4 14 X 2 28 X 3

13. 1800s Lacrosse Player

______43 X 2 10 X 5 8 X 7 28 X 2 25 X 2 3 X 8 5 X 12

______14 X 3 4 X 9 35 X 2 6 X 12 2 X 21 2 X 18 7 X 4 3 X 12 9 X 4 3 X 24 4 X 12

14. Hockey Star

______2 X 43 4 X 6 4 X 21 8 X 5 6 X 6

______6 X 7 9 X 8 12 X 3 4 X 8 4 X 22 6 X 9 7 X 12

15. Champion Figure Skater

______2 X 14 8 X 3 6 X 12 4 X 7 6 X 4 8 X 9 2 X 12

______4 X 6 5 X 8 4 X 10 3 X 16 2 X 15 7 X 10 16 X 2 4 X 8

16. Hockey Hall of Fame Member

______5 X 12 12 X 2 3 X 24 6 X 5 18 X 2 4 X 14

______2 X 31 25 X 2 2 X 35 8 X 5 4 X 10 4 X 9

The Confederation of Canada was the group of colonies that joined together to form the Dominion of Canada in 1867. Due to small rebellions that broke out in Upper and Lower Canada in 1837, Britain sent the Earl of Durham to investigate and find out what had caused the rebellions. Lord Durham presented his report in 1839. In the report, Lord Durham stated the Canadian colonies wanted to stay within the British Empire if they were allowed to govern themselves in local affairs. He recommended that the Canadian colonies be united under a central government. To that end, he proposed that Upper and Lower Canada be combined right away.

In 1840, Parliament passed the Act of Union, which took effect in 1841. This act joined Upper and Lower Canada into one colony called the Province of Canada. Upper and Lower Canada had been formed in 1791 when Britain divided Quebec. In 1848, Britain allowed “responsible government” in the Province of Canada. This allowed an elected Legislative Assembly to have authority over local affairs in the colony. By 1855, governments similar to this had been set up in almost all of the Canadian colonies.

However, problems continued to exist, and this resulted in a group of leaders from the Province of Canada deciding that all of the Canadian colonies needed to be united. A meeting was held in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, with representatives from the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island attending. This was called the Charlottetown Conference. At this meeting, it was decided that a confederation of the Canadian colonies should be created.

The next month, a meeting was held in Quebec City, which also included representatives from Newfoundland. This meeting became known as the Quebec Conference. The members of these meetings became known as the “Fathers of Confederation.” They planned a new nation. They set forth their plan in 72 points called the Quebec Resolutions. It was decided that the new nation would be self-governing, but would remain part of the British Empire and would not be an independent country.

Many of the people were in favor of the plan, but many were opposed. It was discovered that Britain was very much in favor of the plan and, due to other things that impacted the Canadian colonies, the Quebec Resolutions were finally adopted in 1866. In March 1867, the British Parliament approved legislation called the British North America Act, which consisted mainly of the Quebec Resolutions. The Dominion of Canada was formed July 1, 1867, when the act took effect. The resolutions became the constitution for the Dominion. Provisions were made to allow for the addition of more provinces, which of course were added over the years. In 1931, Canada became an independent nation.

Take the multiple choice quiz that follows to see if you know who the Fathers of Confederation were. Underline the correct person identified in each statement.

George Etienne Cartier William McDougall Oliver Mowat

2. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island and attended only the Quebec Conference.

Thomas Heath Haviland John Hamilton Gray William Henry Pope

3. A financier who belonged to the Independent Conservative Party, he was Minister of Finance of the Province of Canada.

Alexander Tilloch Galt John Alexander Macdonald Thomas D'Arcy McGee

4. A lawyer who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was Attorney General of New Brunswick.

Edward Barron Chandler Charles Fisher John Mercer Johnson

5. A doctor who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Prime Minister of the Province of Canada and Chairman of the Quebec Conference, the only conference he attended.

Alexander Tilloch Galt Sir Etienne-Paschal Tache Alexander Campbell

6. A politician who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was Delegate without Portfolio of New Brunswick.

John Mercer Johnson William Henry Steeves John Hamilton Gray

7. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Solicitor General for Lower Canada.

George Brown Hector-Louis Langevin James Cockburn

8. A doctor who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Premier and Provincial Secretary of Nova Scotia.

Jonathan McCully Charles Tupper Robert Barry Dickey

9. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Speaker of the House of Assembly of Newfoundland and attended only the Quebec Conference.

Frederic Bowker Terrington Carter William Carson Ambrose Shea

10. A lawyer who belonged to the Independent Conservative Party, he was a member of the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia.

Jonathan McCully Adams George Archibald Robert Barry Dickey

Jean-Charles Chapais Alexander Campbell Oliver Mowat

12. An editor who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia.

Jonathan McCully William Alexander Henry Charles Tupper

13. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Attorney General of Upper Canada.

George Brown Thomas D'Arcy McGee John Alexander Macdonald

14. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Attorney General of Prince Edward Island.

Edward Palmer Thomas Heath Haviland Andrew Archibald Macdonald

15. A druggist who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was Premier and Provincial Secretary of New Brunswick.

Peter Mitchell Edward Barron Chandler Samuel Leonard Tilley

16. A lawyer who belonged to the Reform Party, he was Postmaster General of the Province of Canada and attended only the Quebec Conference.

Alexander Campbell Oliver Mowat George Etienne Cartier

17. A merchant who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Council of Prince Edward Island.

George Coles Andrew Archibald Macdonald Thomas Heath Haviland

18. A lawyer who belonged to the Independent Liberal Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Council of New Brunswick and attended only the Quebec Conference.

John Hamilton Gray Peter Mitchell Samuel Leonard Tilley

19. A lawyer who belonged to the Reform Party, he was Provincial Secretary of the Province of Canada.

Hector-Louis Langevin James Cockburn William McDougall

20. A brewer and distiller who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island.

William Henry Pope Edward Whelan George Coles

William Henry Steeves Edward Barron Chandler Charles Fisher

22. A journalist who belonged to the Reform Party, he was President of the Executive Council of the Province of Canada.

George Brown Hector-Louis Langevin Jean-Charles Chapais

23. A merchant who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Commissioner of Public Works of the Province of Canada and attended only the Quebec Conference.

William McDougall George Etienne Cartier Jean-Charles Chapais

24. A lawyer who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick and attended only the Quebec Conference.

John Mercer Johnson Edward Barron Chandler Charles Fisher

25. A journalist who belonged first to the Reform Party, then to the Conservative Party, he was Minister of Agriculture of the Province of Canada.

James Cockburn Thomas D'Arcy McGee Sir Etienne-Paschal Tache

26. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Attorney General of Nova Scotia.

Adams George Archibald Charles Tupper William Alexander Henry

27. An army officer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Premier of Prince Edward Island and Chairman of the Charlottetown Conference.

George Coles Edward Whelan John Hamilton Gray

28. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Solicitor General for Upper Canada and attended only the Quebec Conference.

James Cockburn Alexander Campbell Hector-Louis Langevin

29. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Provincial Secretary of Prince Edward Island.

John Hamilton Gray George Coles William Henry Pope

30. A merchant who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was Leader of the Opposition of Newfoundland and attended only the Quebec Conference.

William Carson Ambrose Shea Frederic Bowker Terrington Carter

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 25 31. A journalist who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island and attended only the Quebec Conference.

Andrew Archibald Macdonald Edward Whelan Edward Palmer

32. A lawyer who belonged to the Liberal Party, he was Leader of the Opposition of Nova Scotia.

William Alexander Henry Adams George Archibald Jonathan McCully

33. A lawyer who belonged to the Conservative Party, he was Leader of the Opposition of New Brunswick.

John Hamilton Gray John Mercer Johnson Samuel Leonard Tilley

1. I became prime minister at the age of 70. I resigned after only a short time because of poor health. At one time, I had been dean of the law school of McGill College. I helped start the Canadian Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

2. I was born in Ottawa, Ontario. I was the first prime minister who was the child of a former prime minister. I ran for prime minister with the promise that my party would not be concerned with a balanced budget, but instead would borrow money to finance programs to stimulate the economy. I supported a northern extension of the Keystone XL pipeline. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

3. I was born in Glasgow, Scotland. I am often called the father of present-day Canada. I was the first prime minister of the Dominion of Canada. I held the office of Prime Minister for 19 years. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

4. I was born in Rickinghall, England. I tried to make Newfoundland a province of the Dominion of Canada, but failed. I lost support because of the Manitoba Schools Crisis. I resigned as Prime Minister. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

5. I was the second prime minister of Canada. I served during a depression that impacted the entire world. I was born in Logierait, Scotland. While I was prime minister, Parliament introduced the use of the secret ballot. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

6. I was born in Grand Pre, Nova Scotia. My parents had moved to Nova Scotia from New England in the United States. I became a teacher at the age of 14, but eventually became a lawyer. I was prime minister during World War I and when women were given the right to vote. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 27 7. I was the first person from Nova Scotia to hold the office of Prime Minister. My father had emigrated from Ireland, and my mother was Scottish. I had previously served on the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia. I was knighted for the assistance I gave in drafting the U.S.-Canadian treaty concerning fishing rights. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

8. I was born near Hopewell Cape, New Brunswick. I was prime minister during the early part of the Great Depression. I was in office when Canada’s central bank and the publicly-owned broadcasting system began. I became a member of the British House of Lords several years after leaving office as prime minister. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

9. I was born in Amherst, Nova Scotia, and was a doctor before entering politics. I helped found the Dominion of Canada and was one of the Fathers of Confederation. I was important in bringing Nova Scotia into the Dominion before becoming prime minister. I was almost 75 and a member of the Conservative Party when I became prime minister and only served for about 10 weeks. I was called the “Grand Old Man of Canada.” Who am I?

10. I was born in Berlin (now Kitchener), Ontario. I was of Scottish descent and a loyal Presbyterian. I served as prime minister three different times, together totaling 21 years. I helped Canada achieve independence and equality in the Commonwealth of Nations, along with leading Canada through World War II. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

11. I was born in Compton, Quebec. I was the second French Canadian to serve as prime minister. I was one of the leading forces in creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). I helped bring Newfoundland into the country as a province. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

12. I was born on a farm near St. Mary’s, Ontario. I was the most skilled debater in Parliament. I was prime minister at two separate times, but together they totaled only approximately 20- 21 months. I was of the belief that the people often misunderstood me. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 28 13. I was born in Newtonbrook (now part of Toronto), Ontario. I was the first Canadian to win the Nobel Peace Prize. I was a baseball and hockey player, a university professor, and worked on the cease-fire plans with the United Nations for the Korean War, among other things, prior to becoming prime minister. I worked to improve relations with the United Kingdom and the United States as prime minister. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

14. I was born in High River, Alberta. I became prime minister at the age of 39. I ran for prime minister with the promise that my party would cut taxes, reduce spending, and allow more deductions on individual income taxes. I became prime minister, but my party changed its mind concerning its promises and even tried to greatly increase gasoline taxes. I served as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. Who am I?

15. I was born in Toronto, Ontario. I tried to have good regional representation in the federal cabinet by choosing Cabinet ministers from all of the provincial regions. I was serving when my party brought about a new budget that included tax cuts, spending on services and facilities, and training programs for workers. I was serving when, for the first time, a Canadian government was found to be in contempt. I served as a member of the Conservative Party. Who am I?

16. I was born in Saint-Lin, Quebec. I was the first French Canadian to become prime minister of Canada. I worked to unite French- and English-speaking Canadians. I was prime minister when the Prairie Provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were established. I spoke both English and French and was considered an outstanding orator. Who am I?

17. I was born in Richmond, England. I became prime minister when Pierre Elliott Trudeau resigned. I promised to strengthen the Canadian economy. I served as prime minister for only two-and-one-half months. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 29 18. I was born in Neustadt, Ontario. I increased the social welfare programs during my time as prime minister. I led the country through serious economic problems. I was prime minister when the St. Lawrence Seaway was completed. I served as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. Who am I?

19. I was born in Shawinigan, Quebec. I had eighteen brothers and sisters, but only eight lived past infancy. I proposed several resolutions to help bring about national unity after Quebec voted on whether or not it should become independent. I did not support an invasion of Iraq in 2003, led by the United States. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

20. I was born in Baie-Comeau, Quebec. I promised that my party would create jobs and help the economy. I was prime minister when a free trade agreement was signed between the United States and Canada. I was prime minister when the government approved Canada’s participation in the Persian Gulf War of 1991. I served as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. Who am I?

21. I was born in Montreal, Quebec. I was the third French Canadian to become prime minister and served two times as prime minister. I worked to improve Canada’s contacts with other nations. I was prime minister when Canada and China reestablished diplomatic relations. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

22. I was born in Windsor, Ontario. I had polio as a child, but survived with no lingering problems. I worked to help eliminate Canada’s national debt as minister of finance before becoming prime minister. I served as prime minister in a minority government. I served as a member of the Liberal Party. Who am I?

23. I was born in Port Alberni, British Columbia. I was the first woman ever to become prime minister of Canada. I served only about four months as prime minister. I tried to unite Canada under a revised constitution, but it did not pass. I served as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. Who am I?

Do the decoding below to find the names of some of the famous people of Canada.

Follow the directions for finding each letter. For example, if the directions say Across 4, Down 3, (A4 -D3) you would follow the Down row 3 over to Across column 4 and find the letter e. In the puzzle, we will use A for Across and D for Down.

A c r o s s 1 2 3 4 5

1 j d i w x D 2 u l y n p o 3 k q o e m w 4 t v h c r n 5 g a f b s

1. Supreme Court Justice

______A5-D5 A3-D1 A5-D4 A2-D2 A3-D2 A5-D3 A2-D5 A4-D2

______A5-D2 A3-D3 A3-D3 A5-D4 A4-D3 A2-D1 A1-D2 A3-D5 A3-D5

2. Poet known for epics of Canadian history

_____. _____. ______A4-D3 A1-D1 A5-D2 A5-D4 A2-D5 A1-D4 A1-D4

3. Surgeon and helped to discover insulin

______A5-D5 A3-D1 A5-D4 A3-D5 A5-D4 A4-D3 A2-D1 A4-D3 A5-D4 A3-D1 A4-D4 A1-D3

______A1-D5 A5-D4 A2-D5 A4-D2 A1-D4 A4-D5 A2-D5 A4-D2 A1-D4 A3-D1 A4-D2 A1-D5

4. Astronaut

______A1-D1 A1-D2 A2-D2 A3-D1 A4-D3

______A5-D2 A2-D5 A3-D2 A4-D3 A1-D4 A1-D4 A4-D3

1 j d i w x D 2 u l y n p o 3 k q o e m w 4 t v h c r n 5 g a f b s

5. Surgeon—invented instruments used in chest surgery

______A4-D2 A3-D3 A5-D4 A5-D3 A2-D5 A4-D2

______A4-D5 A4-D3 A1-D4 A3-D4 A1-D2 A4-D2 A4-D3

6. First Black member of Canada’s Federal Parliament

______A2-D2 A3-D1 A4-D2 A4-D4 A3-D3 A2-D2 A4-D2

______A2-D5 A2-D2 A4-D3 A5-D1 A2-D5 A4-D2 A2-D1 A4-D3 A5-D4

7. First Canadian citizen to go into space

______A5-D3 A2-D5 A5-D4 A4-D4 A1-D5 A2-D5 A5-D4 A4-D2 A4-D3 A2-D5 A1-D2

8. First Canadian-born governor general of Canada

______A2-D4 A3-D1 A4-D2 A4-D4 A4-D3 A4-D2 A1-D4

______A5-D3 A2-D5 A5-D5 A5-D5 A4-D3 A3-D2

9. Canadian historian

______A2-D2 A2-D5 A4-D1 A5-D4 A4-D3 A4-D2 A4-D4 A4-D3

______A1-D1 A3-D3 A3-D4 A4-D2 A5-D5 A1-D4 A3-D3 A4-D2

______A4-D5 A1-D2 A5-D4 A5-D2 A4-D3 A4-D3

1 2 3 4 5

1 j d i w x D 2 u l y n p o 3 k q o e m w 4 t v h c r n 5 g a f b s

10. Canadian professor and writer

______A5-D3 A2-D5 A5-D4 A5-D5 A3-D4 A2-D5 A2-D2

______A5-D3 A4-D4 A2-D2 A1-D2 A3-D4 A2-D5 A4-D2

11. Jazz pianist and composer

______A3-D3 A5-D5 A4-D4 A2-D5 A5-D4

______A5-D2 A4-D3 A1-D4 A4-D3 A5-D4 A5-D5 A3-D3 A4-D2

12. First Canadian woman in space

______A5-D4 A3-D3 A4-D5 A4-D3 A5-D4 A1-D4 A2-D5 A4-D5 A3-D3 A4-D2 A2-D1 A2-D5 A5-D4

13. Founder of the Fuller Brush Company

______A2-D5 A2-D2 A3-D5 A5-D4 A4-D3 A2-D1 A3-D5 A1-D2 A2-D2 A2-D2 A4-D3 A5-D4

14. Co-inventor of the first practical electron microscope

______A1-D1 A2-D5 A5-D3 A4-D3 A5-D5 A3-D4 A3-D1 A2-D2 A2-D2 A3-D1 A4-D3 A5-D4

15. Developed the neutron spectrometer

______A4-D5 A4-D3 A5-D4 A1-D4 A5-D4 A2-D5 A5-D3

______A4-D5 A5-D4 A3-D3 A4-D4 A1-D3 A3-D4 A3-D3 A1-D2 A5-D5 A4-D3

Choose the Inuit word(s) from the word bank at the bottom of the page that means the same as the words given. Write it/them on the line.

1. The Arctic Circle ______

2. Akshayuk Pass ______

3. Crater Lake ______

4. Mount Asgard ______

5. Mount Overlord ______

6. Mount Thor ______

7. Owl River Valley ______

8. Schwartzenbach Falls ______

9. Summit Lake ______

10. Turner and Highway Glaciers ______

Akshayuk Akutinga Aqulutaqrusiq Auyuittuit

Inatiavaluk Pangniqtup Qingua Qaisualuk

Qulitasaniakvik Sivanitirutinguak Tasiruluk

Ukiuqtaqtuup

Do you know the capitals of each of the provinces and territories in Canada? Try this matching quiz to find out.

______1. Prince Edward Island a. Iqaluit

______2. Alberta b. Toronto

______3. New Brunswick c. Edmonton

______4. Nova Scotia d. Winnipeg

______5. Nunavut e. Halifax

______6. Quebec f. Regina

______7. Saskatchewan g. Charlottetown

______8. Newfoundland and Labrador h. Whitehorse

______9. Ontario i. St. John's

______10. British Columbia j. Yellowknife

______11. Yukon Territory k. Quebec City

______12. Manitoba l. Victoria

______13. Northwest Territories m. Fredericton

Use the words from the word bank below to complete the fill-in.

World War I

Canada entered World War I to help the ______. There was a tremendous amount of ______in Canada when the United Kingdom declared war on ______in 1914, and many Canadians volunteered for military service.

Canada fought bravely in World War I, with one of the most notable victories being the Battle of ______. This strategic hill was taken as the British Army attacked at ______, in the northern part of France. The Canadian victory at this battle was a great morale booster for the Allies, however the losses of Canadian and Australian troops in this battle totaled more than 20,000.

The first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps in Europe during World War I, Sir Arthur ______, helped plan and carry out this attack. Before the attack, he helped his troops successfully resist the first German poison gas attack near ______. He was commander of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade at that time.

The most decorated war hero in Canadian history was William George ______. He fought as a machine gunner at the beginning of the war, but became a pilot as the war went on. He completed all ground and flying training in England in only ______weeks and then returned to the front. He was assigned to work as a flying instructor in England after receiving a head wound, but he was soon back on the front lines. Amazingly, he never had a wingman killed who was flying with him, or an aircraft shot down that he was ______.

There were many other outstanding Canadian heroes in World War I, such as Billy ______, a pilot who was awarded many medals, including the ______. Billy was born in Owen Sound, Ontario. He studied at the Royal Military College of Canada in ______, Ontario. He fought as a pilot from 1917 through 1918 until he was summoned to England to help with the formation of the Canadian Air Force.

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 36 Another Canadian hero of World War I was Raymond ______, a fighter pilot in the United Kingdom’s air forces. While fighting combat missions over the front lines in France, he earned the ______from the French government. In 1917, he began flying the Sopwith Triplane. He became a flight commander, earning the Distinguished Service Cross and the Distinguished Service Order. He was promoted to a major, commanding an RAF fighter squadron. He earned the Distinguished Flying Cross and added a bar to his Distinguished Service Order. In 1918, he was promoted to ______colonel.

Andrew George Latta ______served as a gunnery officer in World War I and was promoted to ______general in 1918. He developed techniques for locating enemy artillery so that it could be stopped. He is also known as the co-inventor of a cathode-ray direction finder used in ______.

At the Battle of ______, the Canadian Corps, the British 4th Army, the French 1st Army, the Australian Corps, and others surprised the German troops and won a battle of extreme importance. While making it appear that the Allied lines were ______so the Germans did not expect an attack, the Allies were actually moving more troops in at night. Radio communications intended to deceive the Germans were made. The Royal Air Force laid a smoke screen over the battlefield as the attack became closer. The Allied guns opened fire on the morning of August 8, 1918, and the battle was fought into August 11. The Germans were completely ______for the attack, and the Allies made many gains, including capturing the “Amiens gun,” a large naval gun that had been mounted to be used on a railway. The Germans had been using it to fire on the city of Amiens.

The Battle of Amiens marked the beginning of the successful push that would drive the Germans to end the war and sign an ______on ______11, 1918.

More than 600,000 Canadians served in the military during World War I. Of these, approximately 60,000 were killed.

World War II

When World War II first began in 1939, President Roosevelt announced that the United States

The Allies lost more than 100,000 men during the fight for France and the surrounding areas. Pilots from Canada as well as many other countries rallied to help rebuild the fighting force in the air before the fight for ______began.

During World War II, Billy Bishop, a heroic pilot of World War I, served as a Royal Canadian Air Force air marshal and was in charge of ______.

Raymond Collishaw, another heroic World War I pilot, also served in World War II and led a fighter group in ______during the early part of the war.

Another World War I veteran, Andrew George Latta McNaughton, held an important position in World War II. He commanded the First Canadian ______at the beginning of World War II. He also commanded the Canadian Corps and later, the Canadian Army.

Henry Duncan Graham ______, a former World War I artillery captain, was commander of the First Canadian Army during the invasion of the Rhineland and western ______during World War II. He also served as chief of the Canadian General Staff and commanded the First Canadian Corps for a time.

Canada entered the war against Japan on ______8, 1941, the same day as the United States and the United Kingdom.

As a way of testing the German defenses in France, the Allies raided the French port of ______, in the northwestern part of Normandy, in ______1942. The landing force was made up of almost 5,000 Canadian troops and the losses were terrible, as the German forces were too strong at the port. There were approximately 907 ______killed in the battle. It taught the Allies an important lesson that would be used many times as the war went on.

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 38 During 1942 and 1943, the ______Highway was built as a military supply route. The original name of the highway was the ______Highway. Since 1946, when Canada took control of the part of the highway that crosses Canada, there has been reconstruction that has shortened the length of the highway by about 40 kilometers (25 miles).

The first Quebec Conference, which was known as the ______, was held in Quebec in August 1943. During that conference, President Roosevelt of the United States and Prime Minister Winston ______of the United Kingdom, met in Quebec. They approved the appointment of British Admiral Louis ______as supreme commander of the Allied forces in southeast Asia. They also discussed plans for the future invasion of Italy and France.

On June 6, 1944, the ______invasion took place. At 6:30 in the morning, soldiers from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and France made up the largest seaborne invasion in history as they hit the beaches at ______. The main landing point for Canadian troops was ______. More than 50,000 allied troops and pilots died in the Battle of Normandy, many of them Canadian.

On July 18, 1944, the British and Canadian forces captured ______. Then, the British and Canadian forces fought to free the Netherlands and fought their way into northern Germany.

The second Quebec Conference, which was known as the ______, was held in September 1944. The discussions at this conference between President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill centered around increasing the bombing raids on Germany and working out a unified way of dealing with ______in the Pacific.

Canada, along with the mainland of the United States, was far from the ______that hit Europe during World War II. The citizens of Canada worked to bring their ______to a point where they could produce the goods needed for the war. By the end of World War II, Canada had become one of the ______industrial powers in the world.

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 39 Many Canadian ______joined the workforce to free the men for ______. Canadian women also worked at jobs that had previously been held by men on the farms.

Canada also grew its armed forces a great deal during World War II. Canada relied on ______to go overseas until late in 1944. At that time, it began sending those who had been drafted overseas. In total, more than one million Canadians, including approximately 50,000 women, served in the armed forces during World War II.

The Canadian government had great power during World War II, as did the governments of many other nations. The National Selective Service took control of Canada’s workforce, forbidding men who were of the age to serve in the armed forces to hold jobs that were not considered to be ______. The Wartime Prices and Trade Board in Canada set prices and a ______system to help make certain there was enough for everyone, including those fighting overseas.

Ypres Victoria Cross Japan Bishop Division Arras

Netherlands essential Vimy Ridge armistice patriotism leading

Normandy United Kingdom volunteers Canadians November August lieutenant women Dieppe airplanes Mountbatten weakening

Egypt Commonwealth McNaughton Juno Beach brigadier rationing

Alcan Amiens Quadrant recruitment Alaska December

Collishaw combat Britain Germany Crerar Currie industries escorting Caen unprepared destruction Churchill

Barker D-Day Croix de Guerre Octagon four Kingston

1. d q 2. k t 3. i w 4. h r 5. a x 6. f v 7. l n 8. e y 9. m p 10. b o 11. j z 12. c u 13. g s Where Is It?

Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Lake Claire Fraser River Cormorant Lake Athabasca River Strait of Georgia North Knife Lake Mt. Columbia Princess Royal Island Hubbart Point Bistacho Lake Mount Waddington Cape Churchill

New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Miramichi Bay Mount Caubvick Mount Sir James Oromocto Lake Tunungayualok Island Nonacho Lake Mt. Carleton Long Range Mountains Great Slave Lake Nepisiguit River Avalon Peninsula Banks Island

Nova Scotia Nunavut Ontario Asby Bay Baffin Island Lake Nipigon Cape Breton Island Ellesmere Island Ishpatina Ridge Strait of Canso Yathkyed Lake Winisk River Boularderie Island Gulf of Boothia Big Trout Lake

Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Orwell Bay Ungava Peninsula Old Wives Lake Murray River Lake Eau Claire Cypress Hills Malpeque Bay Mount Tremblant Lake Diefenbaker Lennox Island Anticosti Island Cree Lake

Yukon Territory Mount Campbell Eagle River Keele Peak Lake Laberge

The RCMP

1. F (they were known as the North-West Mounted Police) 2. F (they merged with the Dominion Police) 3. T 4. T 5. F (it is located in Regina, Saskatchewan) 6. F (it was Fort Livingstone) 7. T 8. T 9. F (it was George Arthur French) 10. T

John Cabot lands in Canada 1497 The Gaspe Peninsula is claimed for France 1534 by Jacques Cartier Acadia is founded by Sieur de Monts of France 1604 The city of Quebec is founded by Samuel de 1608 Champlain

James Cook lands on Vancouver Island 1778 Quebec is split into two colonies, Upper The Act of Union is passed, eliminating the 1791 Canada and Lower Canada legislatures of Lower and Upper Canada and creating the Province of Canada 1840

1867 The Dominion of Canada is established The Red River Rebellion occurs under the leadership of Louis Riel 1869 The North-Western Territory and Rupert’s A central police force is established, later to 1870 Land become part of Canada become known as the North West Mounted Police 1873 Ownership of the islands of the Arctic 1880 Archipelago is given to Canada The Canadian Pacific Railway is finished, connecting east and west 1885 Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud 1908 Montgomery is published

Oil is discovered in the Turner Valley 1914

1920 Canada joins the League of Nations Canada becomes an independent nation under the Statute of Westminster 1931

1945 Canada joins the United Nations

The St. Lawrence Seaway opens 1959 Nunavut separates from the Northwest 1999 Territories and becomes its own territory

Crossword and Answer Key generated by www.armoredpenguin.com.

A. Sir Thomas Button B. John Cabot C. Jacques Cartier D. Samuel de Champlain E. John Davis F. Simon Fraser G. Sir Martin Frobisher H. Sir Humphrey Gilbert I. George Hamilton J. Anthony Henday K. Henry Hudson L. Henry Kelsey M. Alexander Mackenzie N. Alexander McKay O. Pierre Du Gua, Sieur de Monts P. Sir William Parry Q. Lord Selkirk R. David Thompson S. George Vancouver T. Pierre Gaultier Varennes, Sieur de la Verendrye

Explorers of Canada—Part 2

1. C 2. H 3. B 4. O 5. I 6. D 7. E 8. T 9. G 10. J 11. K 12. N 13. A 14. R 15. M 16. Q 17. L 18. F 19. P 20. S

1. Sir John S. D. Thompson 2. Arthur Meighen 3. Sir John A. Macdonald 4. Sir Robert L. Borden 5. Brian Mulroney 6. Sir Wilfrid Laurier 7. W. L. Mackenzie King 8. Sir John J. C. Abbott 9. Sir Charles Tupper 10. Alexander Mackenzie 11. Richard B. Bennett 12. Kim Campbell 13. Lester B. Pearson 14. John N. Turner 15. Paul Martin 16. Sir Mackenzie Bowell 17. Pierre Elliott Trudeau 18. John G. Diefenbaker 19. Jean Chrétien 20. Louis S. St. Laurent 21. Joe Clark 22. Stephen Harper 23. Justin Trudeau

Who’s Who in Canadian Sports 1. Kurt Browning 2. Brett Hull 3. George Selkirk 4. Patrick Roy 5. Elvis Stojko 6. Mark Messier 7. James Naismith 8. Mario Lemieux 9. Adam Stern 10. Bobby Hull 11. Patrick Chan 12. Sidney Crosby 13. William George Beers 14. Wayne Gretzky 15. Barbara Ann Scott 16. Marcel Dionne

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 47 Fathers of Confederation 1. George Etienne Cartier 2. Thomas Heath Haviland 3. Alexander Tilloch Galt 4. John Mercer Johnson 5. Sir Etienne-Paschal Tache 6. William Henry Steeves 7. Hector-Louis Langevin 8. Charles Tupper 9. Frederic Bowker Terrington Carter 10. Robert Barry Dickey 11. Alexander Campbell 12. Jonathan McCully 13. John Alexander Macdonald 14. Edward Palmer 15. Samuel Leonard Tilley 16. Oliver Mowat 17. Andrew Archibald Macdonald 18. Peter Mitchell 19. William McDougall 20. George Coles 21. Edward Barron Chandler 22. George Brown 23. Jean-Charles Chapais 24. Charles Fisher 25. Thomas D'Arcy McGee 26. William Alexander Henry 27. John Hamilton Gray 28. James Cockburn 29. William Henry Pope 30. Ambrose Shea 31. Edward Whelan 32. Adams George Archibald 33. John Hamilton Gray

1. Sir John J. C. Abbott 2. Justin Trudeau 3. Sir John A. Macdonald 4. Sir Mackenzie Bowell 5. Alexander Mackenzie 6. Sir Robert L. Borden 7. Sir John S. D. Thompson 8. Richard B. Bennett 9. Sir Charles Tupper 10. W. L. Mackenzie King 11. Louis S. St. Laurent 12. Arthur Meighen 13. Lester B. Pearson 14. Joe Clark 15. Stephen Harper 16. Sir Wilfrid Laurier 17. John N. Turner 18. John G. Diefenbaker 19. Jean Chrétien 20. Brian Mulroney 21. Pierre Elliott Trudeau 22. Paul Martin 23. Kim Campbell

Find the Famous Person

1. Sir Lyman Poore Duff 2. E.J. Pratt 3. Sir Frederick Grant Banting 4. Julie Payette 5. Norman Bethune 6. Lincoln Alexander 7. Marc Garneau 8. Vincent Massey 9. Lawrence Johnston Burpee 10. Marshal McLuhan 11. Oscar Peterson 12. Roberta Bondar 13. Alfred Fuller 14. James Hillier 15. Bertram Brockhouse

1. The Arctic Circle Ukiuqtaqtuup 2. Akshayuk Pass Akshayuk Akutinga 3. Crater Lake Aqulutaqrusiq 4. Mount Asgard Sivanitirutinguak 5. Mount Overlord Pangniqtup Qingua 6. Mount Thor Qaisualuk 7. Owl River Valley Inatiavaluk 8. Schwartzenbach Falls Qulitasaniakvik 9. Summit Lake Tasiruluk 10. Turner and Highway Glaciers Auyuittuit

Capitals

1. g 2. c 3. m 4. e 5. a 6. k 7. f 8. i 9. b 10. l 11. h 12. d 13. j

World War I

Canada entered World War I to help the United Kingdom. There was a tremendous amount of patriotism in Canada when the United Kingdom declared war on Germany in 1914, and many Canadians volunteered for military service.

Canada fought bravely in World War I, with one of the most notable victories being the Battle of Vimy Ridge. This strategic hill was taken as the British Army attacked at Arras, in the northern part of France. The Canadian victory at this battle was a great morale booster for the Allies, however the losses of Canadian and Australian troops in this battle totaled more than 20,000.

The first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps in Europe during World War I, Sir Arthur Currie, helped plan and carry out this attack. Before the attack, he helped his troops successfully resist the first German poison gas attack near Ypres. He was commander of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade at that time.

The most decorated war hero in Canadian history was William George Barker. He fought as a machine gunner at the beginning of the war, but became a pilot as the war went on. He completed all ground and flying training in England in only four weeks and then returned to the front. He was assigned to work as a flying instructor in England after receiving a head wound, but he was soon back on the front lines. Amazingly, he never had a wingman killed who was flying with him, or an aircraft shot down that he was escorting.

There were many other outstanding Canadian heroes in World War I, such as Billy Bishop, a pilot who was awarded many medals, including the Victoria Cross. Billy was born in Owen Sound, Ontario. He studied at the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario. He fought as a pilot from 1917 through 1918 until he was summoned to England to help with the formation of the Canadian Air Force.

Another Canadian hero of World War I was Raymond Collishaw, a fighter pilot in the United Kingdom’s air forces. While fighting combat missions over the front lines in France, he earned the Croix de Guerre from the French government. In 1917, he began flying the Sopwith Triplane. He became a flight commander, earning the Distinguished Service Cross and the Distinguished Service Order. He was promoted to a major, commanding an RAF fighter squadron. He earned the Distinguished Flying Cross and added a bar to his Distinguished Service Order. In 1918, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel.

Andrew George Latta McNaughton served as a gunnery officer in World War I and was promoted to brigadier general in 1918. He developed techniques for locating enemy artillery so that it could be stopped. He is also known as the co-inventor of a cathode-ray direction finder used in airplanes.

At the Battle of Amiens, the Canadian Corps, the British 4th Army, the French 1st Army, the Australian Corps, and others surprised the German troops and won a battle of extreme importance. While making it appear that the Allied lines were weakening so the Germans did not expect an attack, the Allies were actually moving more troops in at night. Radio communications intended to

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 51 deceive the Germans were made. The Royal Air Force laid a smoke screen over the battlefield as the attack became closer. The Allied guns opened fire on the morning of August 8, 1918, and the battle was fought into August 11. The Germans were completely unprepared for the attack, and the Allies made many gains, including capturing the “Amiens gun,” a large naval gun that had been mounted to be used on a railway. The Germans had been using it to fire on the city of Amiens.

The Battle of Amiens marked the beginning of the successful push that would drive the Germans to end the war and sign an armistice on November 11, 1918.

More than 600,000 Canadians served in the military during World War I. Of these, approximately 60,000 were killed.

World War II

When World War II first began in 1939, President Roosevelt announced that the United States would be neutral. Canada, however, as part of the Commonwealth of Nations, entered World War II on September 10, 1939.

During World War II, Billy Bishop, a heroic pilot of World War I, served as a Royal Canadian Air Force air marshal and was in charge of recruitment.

Raymond Collishaw, another heroic World War I pilot, also served in World War II and led a fighter group in Egypt during the early part of the war.

Another World War I veteran, Andrew George Latta McNaughton, held an important position in World War II. He commanded the First Canadian Division at the beginning of World War II. He also commanded the Canadian Corps and later, the Canadian Army.

Henry Duncan Graham Crerar, a former World War I artillery captain, was commander of the First Canadian Army during the invasion of the Rhineland and western Netherlands during World War II. He also served as chief of the Canadian General Staff and commanded the First Canadian Corps for a time.

Canada entered the war against Japan on December 8, 1941, the same day as the United States and the United Kingdom.

As a way of testing the German defenses in France, the Allies raided the French port of Dieppe, in the northwestern part of Normandy, in August 1942. The landing force was made up of almost 5,000 Canadian troops and the losses were terrible, as the German forces were too strong at the port. There were approximately 907 Canadians killed in the battle. It taught the Allies an important lesson that would be used many times as the war went on.

©2017 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 52 During 1942 and 1943, the Alaska Highway was built as a military supply route. The original name of the highway was the Alcan Highway. Since 1946, when Canada took control of the part of the highway that crosses Canada, there has been reconstruction that has shortened the length of the highway by about 40 kilometers (25 miles).

The first Quebec Conference, which was known as the Quadrant, was held in Quebec in August 1943. During that conference, President Roosevelt of the United States and Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom, met in Quebec. They approved the appointment of British Admiral Louis Mountbatten as supreme commander of the Allied forces in southeast Asia. They also discussed plans for the future invasion of Italy and France.

On June 6, 1944, the D-Day invasion took place. At 6:30 in the morning, soldiers from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and France made up the largest seaborne invasion in history as they hit the beaches at Normandy. The main landing point for Canadian troops was Juno Beach. More than 50,000 allied troops and pilots died in the Battle of Normandy, many of them Canadian.

On July 18, 1944, the British and Canadian forces captured Caen. Then, the British and Canadian forces fought to free the Netherlands and fought their way into northern Germany.

The second Quebec Conference, which was known as the Octagon, was held in September 1944. The discussions at this conference between President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill centered around increasing the bombing raids on Germany and working out a unified way of dealing with Japan in the Pacific.

Canada, along with the mainland of the United States, was far from the destruction that hit Europe during World War II. The citizens of Canada worked to bring their industries to a point where they could produce the goods needed for the war. By the end of World War II, Canada had become one of the leading industrial powers in the world.

Many Canadian women joined the workforce to free the men for combat. Canadian women also worked at jobs that had previously been held by men on the farms.

Canada also grew its armed forces a great deal during World War II. Canada relied on volunteers to go overseas until late in 1944. At that time, it began sending those who had been drafted overseas. In total, more than one million Canadians, including approximately 50,000 women, served in the armed forces during World War II.

The Canadian government had great power during World War II, as did the governments of many other nations. The National Selective Service took control of Canada’s workforce, forbidding men who were of the age to serve in the armed forces to hold jobs that were not considered to be essential. The Wartime Prices and Trade Board in Canada set prices and a rationing system to help make certain there was enough for everyone, including those fighting overseas.

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