1st International Conference on Engineering (ICONE 2020) Architectural Support of Heritage, Culture, and Sustainable Development

Batik Solo Trans (BST) as Tourist Transportation and Integrated Payment System Preference that Supports the Tourism Sector in City

RA Dinasty Purnomoasri Department of Civil Engineering, Tunas Pembangunan University, Surakarta, [email protected]

Reki Arbianto Department of Civil Engineering, Tunas Pembangunan University, Surakarta, Indonesia [email protected]

Abstract Surakarta City is one of the tourist destinations in Indonesia with the existence of historical places such as the Keraton Surakarta, Pura Mangkunegaran and historical museums. Batik Solo Trans (BST), a public transportation launched by Surakarta City government, which is considered to be the choice of transportation used by tourists. This study aims to identify BST routes to determine whether BST can be used as tourist transportation and whether the available payment system supports the tourism sector in Surakarta City. The method used is the literature review method and descriptive analysis of the description of the questionnaire survey of tourists. The result states that the BST route with 4 active corridors from 8 planned corridors covers most of the historical tourist attractions in Surakarta City and the preference of the tourist payment system is 58.33% using electronic money cards for BST ticket payments supported by a non-cash card service system that is re-used after being dismissed inefficient.

Keywords: Batik Solo Trans, BST, Tourism, Tourist Transportation, BRT, Surakarta City

Introduction Surakarta a destination for the hinterland area Surakarta city or Solo city has become around it, which has an impact on increasing one of the cities tourist destinations in the intensity of internal movements and Indonesia. This is because the existence of regional movements of Surakarta City historical places that are tourist destinations [Tatralok Kota Surakarta, 2009 ]. such as the Keraton Surakarta which is the The City Government (Pemkot) of source of traditional events and the cultural Surakarta has launched a vision and mission centre of Surakarta still exist today, Pura for Surakarta City Towards a City with Mangkunegaran, Museum Radya Pustaka, Sustainable Transportation. One of its work Museum of Keris, Gedhe Traditional Market, programs is to revitalize regular urban public Klewer Traditional Market and many more as transportation into public transportation with well as places that are commonly used as the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system which is culinary tours. Given the potential for rapid realized in the form of Batik Solo Trans development in the tourism sector in (BST) [Budi Yulianto, et al, 2017]. BST has Surakarta City, support from the great potential in supporting the tourism transportation sector is certainly needed sector in Surakarta City so that it can [Rizky Arif, 2019]. Transportation cannot be optimally develop [Rizky Arif, 2019], separated and is very much-needed by the considering that BST as public transportation public to meet their daily needs and needs, in that serves the people of Surakarta, the BST other words, transportation is like the heart of route also covers quite a several tourism society, especially in urban areas [Pratiwi D, object, hotels, restaurants and markets. This et al, 2015 ]. Surakarta City is one of the cities is further supported by the planning of BST in which functions as a National as public transportation that is integrated with Activity Center (PKN). This role makes Solobalapan Station, Purwosari Station,

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1st International Conference on Engineering (ICONE 2020) Architectural Support of Heritage, Culture, and Sustainable Development

Tirtonadi Bus station, and Adi Soemarmo Batik Solo Trans (BST) Airport where connected public Surakarta City Government presents transportation can increase community Batik Solo Trans or better known as BST as mobility not only for the people of Surakarta the provision of public transportation that itself but also support the mobility of tourists indirectly supports the application of city who come to travel in Surakarta City branding in serving the needs of the public for [Anandhika, 2019]. The purpose of the author transportation [Herdyanah Mustika, 2017]. is to see the potential of BST as a means of BST was launched by the Mayor of Surakarta transportation for tourists who prefer to use on September 1, 2010, Initially, public transportation by observing the tourist only two corridors were operating but now 4 locations that are covered by the BST route active corridors out of the 8 planned corridors and the preference of the BST payment have been operated. BST, which is a BRT in system that supports the tourism sector in Surakarta, sets the fare for public passengers Surakarta City. to date at IDR 4,500 and for students (wearing uniforms) it is IDR 2,000 or the Method equivalent of 0.32 USD for public passengers The method used in this research is and 0.14 USD for students wearing uniforms literature study from various sources used as [Batik Solo Trans, 2020]. The scope of BST secondary data and the distribution of operations is not only within Surakarta City questionnaires with the criteria chosen by but also across regions such as Palur tourists as respondents where respondents are (Karanganyar Regency), Kartasura taken randomly or using the random (Sukoharjo Regency), and Adi Sumarmo sampling method as the primary data. The Airport (Boyolali Regency). The cooperation analysis was carried out by looking at the in BST services that is established by BST route to record the tourist attractions Surakarta City and its surroundings a form of covered by each BST route through the city public service in the transportation sector, map of Surakarta which is also supported by this is supported by Law number 23 of 2014 Google Maps and calculating the data from concerning Regional Government of the the questionnaire survey results to tourists for Market 363 which states that to improve the payment system preferences. welfare of the community, regions can cooperate by paying attention to efficiency and the effectiveness of mutually beneficial public services [Kristina Setyowati, 2017].

Figure 1: Batik Solo Trans (source Surakarta.go.id and kuasakata.com)

Surakarta City Tourist Map Regent of Sragen and the Regent of Klaten on Surakarta City has a long history to form 2 April 2008 regarding regional identity a very distinctive cultural culture with the [Herdyanah Mustika, 2017]. This greatly branding “Solo the spirit of java” which was supports the fast growing tourism sector in designated as regional branding for 6 districts the city of Surakarta and its surroundings. 1 Subosukowonosraten city through joint Figure 3 shows a map of tourist locations regulations with the mayor of Surakarta, the around Surakarta, city and Figure 4 shows a Regent of Sukoharjo, the Regent of tourist map of Surakarta city. To support Karanganyar, the Regent of Wonogiri, the tourism, geographic information system

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technology using smartphones is needed by which has been developed since 2016. This tourists to find various important application can provide various information information, tourists in Surakarta city can about potential tourism for tourists such as download the "Solo Destination'' application, culinary places, traditional shopping centers, which is the official application of Surakarta and hotels. The advantage of this application city, launched in 2014 by the Mayor of is the ability to display information in real Surakarta, FX Hari Rudyatmo. Which was time, for example the Batik Solo Trans the beginning of the Solo Smart City program (BST) schedule [Monika Sri Y, 2017].

Figure 2: Solo Destination Application

Figure 3: Tourist map around Surakarta / Solo (Surakarta City Tourism Office)

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Figure 4: Surakarta City / Solo City Map (Surakarta City Tourism Office)

In this chapter, you can see Surakarta City Corridor 3 (Kartosuro Bus station – Bundaran tourism map in Figure 4. It can be seen that Pandawa), and Corridor 4 (Kartosuro Bus many locations can be visited by tourists in station - Palur Bus station via Tirtonadi Bus the city of Surakarta. Most of the tourist station) [Dinas Pariwisata Kota Surakarta – locations have been covered by the BST route 2020]. These routes have bus stops close to and for more details will be explained in the tourist destinations in Surakarta City which next chapter. will be described in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 for each corridor. In addition, Batik Solo trans (BST) as Tourist there was other tourist transportation besides Transportation BST which are specifically used for tours Tourism is closely related to the such as the Werkudara tour bus, tourist horse transportation sector, which means that the carriage, Becak, the Bengawan Abiyasa main function of transportation is closely disabled tour bus, the ancient Kluthuk related to accessibility where transportation is Jaladara train, and the Kresna Batara Railbus expected to make it easier for users to visit but this tourist transportation only operates certain areas, for example, tourist objects on certain hours or days and requires a [Moes and Fahmi, 2012]. There are 8 BST reservation. Meanwhile, BST, which is a Corridors with 159 bus fleets in 2015 serving public transportation, operates every day. the community [Badan Pusat Statistik, 2016]. Tourists can take advantage of BST without However, until now only 4 BST corridors are having to make a reservation and access to actively serving. The routes for the four BST stops is also available in locations such corridors are Corridor 1 (Adi Sumarmo as stations, terminals, airports, hotels and Airport - Palur Bus station), Corridor 2 restaurants which of course support (Kerten Bus station - Palur Bus station), accessibility in travelling.

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Table 1: BST Route Corridor 1 (Adi Soemarmo Airport - Palur Bus Station) Palur Bus Adi Soemarmo Location of Tourism Station - Adi Location of Tourism Airport - Palur Object Soemarmo Object Bus Station Airport Adi Soemarmo De’Tjolomadoe Palur Bus Station - Airport Jl Ahmad Yani Kleco Traditional Market, Ir Sutami Road Central Java Cultural Park Solo Square Mall (Taman Budaya Jawa Tengah), Satwataru Jurug Zoo, Kusuma Bhakti Tomb of Heroes Jl Slamet Riyadi Purwosari Train Station, Jl Koloner Tirtomoyo Jebres Solo Grand Mall, Loji Sutarto Swimingpool Gandrung Mayor’s home office, R. Maladi Stadion, Keris Museum, Radia Pustaka Museum Jl Jenderal Gladak, PGS Market, Jl Urip Gedhe Traditional Market, Sudirman Alun-alun Lor (Lor Sumoharjo Ledoksari Traditional Square), Fort Vastenburg Market, Solo Jebres Train Station Jl Urip Sumoharjo Gedhe Traditional Market, Jl Kapten PGS Market, Djoeang’45 Ledoksari Traditional Mulyadi building, Jami Assagaf Market, Jebres Train Mosque, Riyadh Mosque Station Jl Kolonel Sutarto Tirtomoyo Jebres Jl Veteran Alun – Alun Kidul Swimingpool Jl Ir. Sutami Central Java Cultural Park Jl Bhayangkara Museum Keris Solo, R. (Taman Budaya Jawa Maladi Stadion, Tengah), Satwataru Jurug Zoo, Kusuma Bhakti Tomb of Heroes Palur Bus Station - Jl Radjiman Kabangan Traditional Market, Kampoeng Batik Laweyan, Ki Ageng Henis grave, - - Jl Wahidin Jl Slamet Riyadi Omah Lowo Reservation, - - Solo Square Mall, - - Jl Ahmad Yani - Kartasura Bus - - - Station Adi Soemarmo - - - Airport

Table 2: BST Route Corridor 2 (Kartasura Bus Station - Palur Bus Station, Shuttle) Kartasura Bus Station – Palur Bus Station, Location of Tourism Object Shuttle Kartasura Bus Station - Jl Ahmad Yani - Jl Slamet Riyadi Purwosari Train Station, Omah Lowo Reservation Jl Doctor Moewardi Kota Barat Field

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Jl Yosodipura Solo Paragon Mall, Monumen and Museum Pers, Jl Gajamada Solo Balapan Train Station Jl Monginsidi Jl Kolonel Sutarto Tirtomoyo Jebres Swimingpool Jl `Ir. Sutami Central Java Cultural Park (Taman Budaya Jawa Tengah), Satwataru Jurug Zoo, Kusuma Bhakti Tomb of Heroes Palur Bus Station -

Table 3: BST Route Corridor 3 (Palur Bus Station - Kartasura Bus Station via Klewer Market) Palur Bus Station - Palur Bus Station - Kartasura Bus Location of Tourism Location of Tourism Adi Soemarmo Station via Klewer Object Object Airport Market Palur Bus Station - Kartasura Bus - Station Jl KH Maskur Jurug Fruit Market, Makamhaji (Jl - Educational Park Jebres, Slamet Riyadi Solo Technopark Kartasura) Jl Kolonel Sutarto Tirtomoyo Jebres Jl Radjiman Klewer Market, Swimingpool Singosaren Market, Kembang Flower Market, Kampoeng Batik Laweyan, Kabangan Traditional Market, Jongke Tradional Market Jl Urip Sumoharjo Solo Jebres Train Jl Bayangkara - Station, Ledoksari Traditional Market Jl Jenderal Sudirman Gedhe Tradisional Jl Veteran Alun – Alun Kidul / Kidul Market, Gladak, PGS Square Market, Alun-alun Utara, Kraton Kasunanan Surakarta, Ki Gedhe Solo Tomb, Museum Kraton Jl Radjiman Klewer Market, Jl Kapten Mulyadi PGS Market, Jami Singosaren Market, Assagaf Mosque, Riyadh Kembang Flower Mosque Market, Kampoeng Batik Laweyan, Kabangan Traditional Market, Jongke Tradional Market Makamhaji (Jl Slamet - Jl Mayor Kusmanto Fort Vastenberg Riyadi Kartasura) Kartasura Bus Station - Jl Jenderal Sudirman Fort Vastenberg, Gladak, PGS Market, Alun-alun Utara, - - Jl Urip Sumoharjo Gedhe Traditional Market, Gedhe Traditional Market, Ledoksari Traditional

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Market, Solo Jebres Train Station - - Jl Kolonel Sutarto Tirtomoyo Jebres Swimingpool - Jl KH Maskur Jurug Fruit Market, Educational Park Jebres, Solo Technopark - - Palur Bus Station -

Table 4: BST Route Corridor 4 (Kartasura Bus Station - Solo Baru) Solo Baru (Tugu Kartasura Bus Location of Tourism Cembengan) - Station - Solo Baru Tourist sites Object Kartasura Bus (Tugu Cemberengan) Station Kartasura Bus Station Bundaran Pandawa - Jl Adi Sucipto De’Tjolomadoe, Grogol - Manahan Stadion, Jl Dr. Moewardi Kota Barat Field Jl Brigjen Sudiarto - Jl Yosodipuro Solo Paragon Mall, Jl Veteran Alun – Alun Kidul Monumen and Museum Pers Jl Gajah Mada Jl Yos Sudarso - Jl Honggowongso Kembang Market, Jl Slamet Riyadi - Jl Veteran Alun – Alun Kidul Jl Jenderal Sudirman - Jl Brigjen Sudiarto - Jl Ronggowarsito Pura Mangkunegaran Jl KH Wahid Hasyim - Jl Dr Soepomo Bundaran Pandawa - Jl Yosodipuro Solo Paragon Mall, Monumen and Museum Pers - - Jl Adi Sucipto De’Tjolomadoe, Manahan Stadion, - - Jl Kartasura Bus - Station

Herman Moeis and Ali Fahmi researched and the Kresna Batara Railbus. On BST transportation services that can attract tourists Corridor 2, tourists can enjoy views of the and the result was that accessibility is a very denser northern side of the city. Then with important factor making it easier for tourists BST Corridor 3, tourists will be spoiled by to get to tourist objects. [Moes and Fahmi, historical tourist spots such as the North 2012]. As seen in Table 1 to Table 4, there Square area, Surakarta Palace, Klewer were quite a lot of tourist attractions /objects Market, and also one of the shopping centres that can be reached by BST and of course, in Surakarta along Jl. General Sudirman. For BST can or can be used by tourists. During BST Corridor 4 covers the North and South the use ofBST, tourists can also see the sights areas where tourists can see tourist spots in of the city of Surakarta. Even though the city Sukoharjo and Boyolali regency. of Surakarta is not big, many spots can be From the description of the BST route for seen and enjoyed when travelling on BST. each corridor, it can be seen that apart from For example on BST corridor 1, tourists can tourist objects, BST itself was also integrated enjoy the view along Jl. Slamet Riyadi, which with other public transportation. BST is the main location for city branding, where connects Solo Balapan Train Station, there are city walks, parks, and railways in Purwosari Train Station, Tirtonadi Bus the middle of the city that are still Station, Adi Soemarmo Airport, Palur Bus functioning, are used for tourist Station in Karanganyar, and Bus Kartosuro transportation for the Kluthuk Jaladara train, Station in Sukoharjo. From the survey results,

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79% of the people of Surakarta state that (BRIZZI (Bank BRI), TapCash (Bank BNI), public transportation in Surakarta city was e-Money (Bank Mandiri), Flazz (Bank BCA) integrated and 71% of the people state that and e-Bima (Bank Jateng) [Batik Solo Trans, there was an effort by the city government in 2020]. However, a study in 2012 stated that realizing integrated public transportation 50% of electronic money card users were [Anandhita, 2019]. Of course, with the unsatisfied with technical problems [Veranita integration of other public transportation with YM Suratno, 2012]. In the end, the payment BST, it will make the mobility of tourists system did not work and BST ticket easier. purchases were back manually. Researchers surveyed the types of payment systems that Preference of BST Payment Systems that were possible to attract users, especially Support the Tourism Sector tourists. Four system options were given and 100 respondents were asked to choose the Ease of transactions in modern times is most preferred payment system. Figure 5 very important, especially in this case as a shows the results of an analysis of the types means of payment for transportation. The city of payment systems that tourists were government of Surakarta has adopted the interested in. BST bus ticket payment method with banking electronic money cards such as BRIZZI

Figure 5: The most popular payment systems (Analisis, 2020)

The results showed that 58.33% of payment system and also collaborate with the tourists were more interested in payment “Teman Bus” service, which is an application systems using tap cash or electronic money that can be downloaded on the Playstore and cards and 25% of tourists still prefer direct or Appstore where this application will help manual payments. This shows that the prospective passengers get route information payment system using electronic money for stop points and schedules bus departure cards is more attractive to tourists because it [Pemerintah Kota Surakarta, 2020]. This is considered to be easy and safe in preference for using an electronic money card transactions where it allows tourists not to can certainly support the tourism factor in carry too much cash. Besides that, by using Surakarta City because it can also be used as electronic money cards tourists do not need to a safe and efficient way of non-cash payment exchange money manually because they only when purchasing tickets to enter tourist areas need to fill in the electronic money cards. in Surakarta, considering that this electronic Research by Veranita YM Suratno shows that money card collaborates with several dissatisfaction with equipment was carried programs in well-known banks in Indonesia, out in 2012 where the use of e-money was such as Tap Cash BNI, flazz BCA, still not as much as it is today. Surakarta City MANDIRI e-money, and BRI brizzi , which government will once again in 2020 activate currently quite easy to fill and use simply by the use of electronic money cards in the BST sticking the card on the reader.

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Surakarta. JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN Conclusion WILAYAH & KOTA, 13(1), 67-82. Batik Solo Trans was a public ISSN: 1858–3903 transportation in Surakarta city which Moeis, H., & Fahmi, A. (2012). Model includes many locations of Tourism Objects Layanan Transportasi Untuk Menarik in Surakarta city. There were 4 active Minat Wisatawan Berkunjung Ke Objek corridors that can be used by tourists as well Wisata Di Jawa Timur. Governance as the “Solo Destination” and “Teman Bus” Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen applications which further facilitate Publik, 3(1), 24-34. transportation accessibility in Surakarta City. Nugroho, R. A., Santoso, E. B., & Susetyo, The payment system using a Non-Cash Card C. (2019). Konsep Manajemen Trans in collaboration with Tap Cash BNI, BCA Batik Solo sebagai Pendukung Sektor flazz, MANDIRI e-money, and BRI brizzi Pariwisata di Kota Surakarta. Jurnal provides convenience in transactions and of Manajemen Aset Infrastruktur & course can increase income and greatly Fasilitas, 3(1). support the tourism sector in Surakarta City Pemerintah Kota Surakarta. (2020). Layanan supported by research results 58.33 % of Teman Bus [Online] Available: travelers prefer to use electronic money cards https://surakarta.go.id/?p=17152 or cashless. [2020, November 13]. Pratiwi, D. I., Harsasto, P., & Herawati, N. Acknowledgements R. (2015). Networking dalam Program The support of Surakarta City Pelayanan Transportasi Batik Solo Trans government program in improving Batik di Kota Surakarta. Journal of Politic and Solo Trans (BST) services was very helpful Government Studies, 4(3), 111-120. in making this paper and it was hoped that Setyowati, K., & Astriyani, T. (2017). Inter- Surakarta City government can further Governmental Relation in City Bus develop the transportation sector that can Public Transportation Service in support improvements in the tourism sector Surakarta in Indonesia (No. jmmr164). in Surakarta. Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise. Literature References Suratno, V. Y. M., & Kurniawan, A. (2013). Badan Pusat Statistik. (2016). Kota Kajian tingkat efektivitas penggunaan e- Surakarta Dalam Angka 2016. Surakarta: ticketing oleh penumpang batik solo BPS Kota Sukarta. trans di surakarta dan sekitarnya. Jurnal Batik Solo Trans. (2020).Wikipedia, Bumi Indonesia, 2(3). Ensiklopedia Bebas. Diakses pada 05:59, Yulianto, B., Legowo, S. J., & Atmojo, M. Juni 23, 2020, from S. (2017). Analisis Potensi Demand Pada https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.ph Sekolah Serta Ability To Pay (ATP) dan p?title=Batik_Solo_Trans&oldid=171 Willingness To Pay (WTP) Pada Batik 01875. Solo Trans (BST) Koridor Empat Di Dinas Pariwisata Kota Surakarta. (2020). Surakarta. Matriks Teknik Sipil, 5(3). Batik Solo Trans [Online] Available : Yuliarti, M. S., Hastjarjo, S., & Anggreni, L. https://pariwisatasolo.surakarta.go.i S. (2017, November). Smart City and Diffusion of Innovations Process: d/destinations/batik-solo-trans/ Communicating “Solo Destination” as [2020, November 13]. IoT Implementation of Smart City in Dinas Perhubungan Kota Surakarta. (2012). Surakarta. In 3rd International Tatralok Kota Surakarta 2009. Kota Conference on Transformation in Surakarta. Communications 2017 (IcoTiC 2017). Mustika, H. (2017). Peran Serta Stakeholder Atlantis Press. ISSN: 2352-5398 Dalam Membentuk City Branding The Spirit Of Java di Jalan Slamet Riyadi

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