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A Look at the History of Calligraphy in Decoration of Mosques in Iran: 630-1630 AD Cengiz Tavşan, Niloufar Akbarzadeh
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering Vol:12, No:3, 2018 A Look at the History of Calligraphy in Decoration of Mosques in Iran: 630-1630 AD Cengiz Tavşan, Niloufar Akbarzadeh as strength, comfort and expansion. Throughout history, Abstract—Architecture in Iran has a continuous history from at Iranian architecture had its own originality and simplicity. All least 5000 BC to the present, and numerous Iranian pre-Islamic parts of Iran, especially villages and ancient monuments are elements have contributed significantly to the formation of Islamic like a live but old book of art and architecture, history, which art. At first, decoration was limited to small objects and containers in a brief moment, each page of that opens the gates of several and then progressed in the art of plaster and brickwork. They later applied in architecture as well. The art of gypsum and brickwork, thousand years of history to the visitors [7]. which was prevalent in the form of motifs (animals and plants) in Repeat motifs, symbolic role and decorations are one of the pre-Islam, was used in the aftermath of Islam with the art of main subjects in Iranian art. In Iranian architecture, the calligraphy in decorations. The splendor and beauty of Iranian symbolic elements generally embossed with carving and architecture, especially during the Islamic era, are related to painting integrated with elements of construction and decoration and design. After the invasion of Iran by the Arabs and the environmental, which makes it a new and inseparable introduction of Islam to Iran, the arrival of the Iranian classical architecture significantly changed, and we saw the Arabic calligraphy combination. -
Bulletin 2019
Forum der Iranischen Demokrat*innen in Hannover 1. Mai Bulletin 2019 ßung, dann gegen eine Es sind schlechte Zeiten ebenso gravierende Privati- für iranische Arbei- sierung, deren Auswirkun- ter*innen gen seit 2014 verheerend sind. So schuften über 4.000 Arbeiter*innen für Geringe Löhne, lange Ar- die Profite ihrer Chefs, er- beitszeiten und unsichere hielten jedoch schon zum Arbeitsplätze: Auch im wiederholten Male keine Jahr 2019 kämpfen viele Löhne. iranische Arbeiter*innen um das nackte Überleben. Bereits 2017 beschwerten Und eine Besserung ist sich die Beschäftigten in nicht in Sicht. einem offenen Brief vom 8. Folglich vergeht kaum Oktober 2017, und beklag- Jahr 2008 gründeten die eine Woche, in der im ten konkret, dass Sie seit Arbeitnehmer nach einem 42-tägigen Streik eine un- Iran keine Arbeiterprotes- dem Verkauf des Zucker- abhängige Gewerkschaft, te stattfinden, wobei die rohrunternehmens an den die sich der IUL anschloss, Forderungen stets diesel- privaten Sektor im März und forderten daraufhin ben sind: Nicht bezahlte 2016 „mehr als ein Jahr langjährige Lohnrückstän- Löhne, mangelnde lang Leiden und Qualen de. Im Juni diesen Jahres, Rechtssicherheit und über sich ergehen lassen legten die Arbeiter erneut schlechte Arbeitsbedin- mussten, ferner wären Pro- ihre Arbeit nieder und hiel- gungen. teste und Versammlungen ten Demonstrationen ab, Schon seit über zehn Jah- die einzige Möglichkeit für um die Zahlung von Lohn- ren kämpft die Beleg- die Belegschaft, ihre recht- schaft der größten Zu- rückständen von bis zu vier mäßigen Löhne zu erkämp- ckerfabrik des Irans in Monaten zu fordern.“ fen. Haft-Tapeh. Zunächst ge- Der iranischen Arbeits- gen die komplette Schlie- Die Internationale Gewerk- schaft der Lebensmittel- rechtsaktivist Esmail Bakhs- branche, sowie verbündete hi und die Journalistin Sepi- Arbeitnehmer (IUL) äußer- deh Gholian, die am 20. -
Modeling, Evaluation, and Zoning of Marivan County Ecotourism Potential Using Fuzzy Logic, FAHP, and TOPSIS
ISSN 0354-8724 (hard copy) | ISSN 1820-7138 (online) Modeling, Evaluation, and Zoning of Marivan county Ecotourism Potential using Fuzzy Logic, FAHP, and TOPSIS Jahanbakhsh BalistA*, Hamideh HeydarzadehA, Esmail SalehiA Received: September 15, 2018 | Revised: December 14, 2018 | Accepted: February 26, 2019 DOI: 10.5937/gp23-18879 Abstract Among all the diverse regions of Iran, Marivan is considered one of the touring poles in the country thanks to its unique views which play an important role in providing ecotourism potential. Current- ly, despite the importance of the issue, no specific study and planning have been done to locate proper zones for an outing. In this regard, evaluation of the land potential for any kind of activity such as recre- ational planning is the first step in planning. In this study, we evaluated and zoned the ecotourism po- tential of Marivan in Kurdistan province with fuzzy logic, FAHP, and TOPSIS, based on 15 criteria and ap- plying GIS, where the outcome was zoning map of areas most suitable for ecotourism development. The results indicated that a total area of 3183 km2 (included in the study), classes 4 and 5, respective- ly, with 151 and 513 km2 constitute the most appropriate zones for ecotourism development. Among points with ecotourism attraction, the Zarivar Lake claimed the top priority while Anjiran Heights re- ceived the last priority. Keywords: Tourism; Marivan; Zoning; Fuzzy Logic; FAHP; TOPSIS Introduction Ecotourism has been categorized among new con- newest and best and indeed a perfect definition: “Ec- cepts which are still often misunderstood and not otourism is traveling to sensitive, unique, intact, and used correctly. -
Spatial Epidemiology of Rabies in Iran
Aus dem Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut eingereicht über den Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Spatial Epidemiology of Rabies in Iran Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Rouzbeh Bashar Tierarzt aus Teheran, Iran Berlin 2019 Journal-Nr.: 4015 'ĞĚƌƵĐŬƚŵŝƚ'ĞŶĞŚŵŝŐƵŶŐĚĞƐ&ĂĐŚďĞƌĞŝĐŚƐsĞƚĞƌŝŶćƌŵĞĚŝnjŝŶ ĚĞƌ&ƌĞŝĞŶhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ ĞŬĂŶ͗ hŶŝǀ͘ͲWƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘:ƺƌŐĞŶĞŶƚĞŬ ƌƐƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ WƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘&ƌĂŶnj:͘ŽŶƌĂƚŚƐ ǁĞŝƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ hŶŝǀ͘ͲWƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘DĂƌĐƵƐŽŚĞƌƌ ƌŝƚƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ Wƌ͘<ĞƌƐƚŝŶŽƌĐŚĞƌƐ ĞƐŬƌŝƉƚŽƌĞŶ;ŶĂĐŚͲdŚĞƐĂƵƌƵƐͿ͗ ZĂďŝĞƐ͕DĂŶ͕ŶŝŵĂůƐ͕ŽŐƐ͕ƉŝĚĞŵŝŽůŽŐLJ͕ƌĂŝŶ͕/ŵŵƵŶŽĨůƵŽƌĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ͕/ƌĂŶ dĂŐĚĞƌWƌŽŵŽƚŝŽŶ͗Ϯϴ͘Ϭϯ͘ϮϬϭϵ ŝďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝƐĐŚĞ/ŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĚĞƌĞƵƚƐĐŚĞŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝďůŝŽƚŚĞŬ ŝĞĞƵƚƐĐŚĞEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝďůŝŽƚŚĞŬǀĞƌnjĞŝĐŚŶĞƚĚŝĞƐĞWƵďůŝŬĂƚŝŽŶŝŶĚĞƌĞƵƚƐĐŚĞŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝͲ ďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝĞ͖ ĚĞƚĂŝůůŝĞƌƚĞ ďŝďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝƐĐŚĞ ĂƚĞŶ ƐŝŶĚ ŝŵ /ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ƺďĞƌ фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŶď͘ĚĞх ĂďƌƵĨďĂƌ͘ /^E͗ϵϳϴͲϯͲϴϲϯϴϳͲϵϳϮͲϯ ƵŐů͗͘ĞƌůŝŶ͕&ƌĞŝĞhŶŝǀ͕͘ŝƐƐ͕͘ϮϬϭϵ ŝƐƐĞƌƚĂƚŝŽŶ͕&ƌĞŝĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ ϭϴϴ ŝĞƐĞƐtĞƌŬŝƐƚƵƌŚĞďĞƌƌĞĐŚƚůŝĐŚŐĞƐĐŚƺƚnjƚ͘ ůůĞ ZĞĐŚƚĞ͕ ĂƵĐŚ ĚŝĞ ĚĞƌ mďĞƌƐĞƚnjƵŶŐ͕ ĚĞƐ EĂĐŚĚƌƵĐŬĞƐ ƵŶĚ ĚĞƌ sĞƌǀŝĞůĨćůƚŝŐƵŶŐ ĚĞƐ ƵĐŚĞƐ͕ ŽĚĞƌ dĞŝůĞŶ ĚĂƌĂƵƐ͕ǀŽƌďĞŚĂůƚĞŶ͘<ĞŝŶdĞŝůĚĞƐtĞƌŬĞƐĚĂƌĨŽŚŶĞƐĐŚƌŝĨƚůŝĐŚĞ'ĞŶĞŚŵŝŐƵŶŐĚĞƐsĞƌůĂŐĞƐŝŶŝƌŐĞŶĚĞŝŶĞƌ&Žƌŵ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĞƌƚŽĚĞƌƵŶƚĞƌsĞƌǁĞŶĚƵŶŐĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝƐĐŚĞƌ^LJƐƚĞŵĞǀĞƌĂƌďĞŝƚĞƚ͕ǀĞƌǀŝĞůĨćůƚŝŐƚŽĚĞƌǀĞƌďƌĞŝƚĞƚǁĞƌĚĞŶ͘ ŝĞ tŝĞĚĞƌŐĂďĞ ǀŽŶ 'ĞďƌĂƵĐŚƐŶĂŵĞŶ͕ tĂƌĞŶďĞnjĞŝĐŚŶƵŶŐĞŶ͕ ƵƐǁ͘ ŝŶ ĚŝĞƐĞŵ tĞƌŬ ďĞƌĞĐŚƚŝŐƚ ĂƵĐŚ ŽŚŶĞ ďĞƐŽŶĚĞƌĞ <ĞŶŶnjĞŝĐŚŶƵŶŐ ŶŝĐŚƚ njƵ ĚĞƌ ŶŶĂŚŵĞ͕ ĚĂƐƐ ƐŽůĐŚĞ EĂŵĞŶ ŝŵ ^ŝŶŶĞ ĚĞƌ tĂƌĞŶnjĞŝĐŚĞŶͲ -
Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 63/Wednesday, April 1, 2020/Notices
18334 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 63 / Wednesday, April 1, 2020 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY a.k.a. CHAGHAZARDY, MohammadKazem); Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender DOB 21 Jan 1962; nationality Iran; Additional Male; Passport D9016371 (Iran) (individual) Office of Foreign Assets Control Sanctions Information—Subject to Secondary [IRAN]. Sanctions; Gender Male (individual) Identified as meeting the definition of the Notice of OFAC Sanctions Actions [NPWMD] [IFSR] (Linked To: BANK SEPAH). term Government of Iran as set forth in Designated pursuant to section 1(a)(iv) of section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section AGENCY: Office of Foreign Assets E.O. 13382 for acting or purporting to act for 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Control, Treasury. or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, BANK 11. SAEEDI, Mohammed; DOB 22 Nov ACTION: Notice. SEPAH, a person whose property and 1962; Additional Sanctions Information— interests in property are blocked pursuant to Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of the E.O. 13382. Male; Passport W40899252 (Iran) (individual) Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets 3. KHALILI, Jamshid; DOB 23 Sep 1957; [IRAN]. Control (OFAC) is publishing the names Additional Sanctions Information—Subject Identified as meeting the definition of the of one or more persons that have been to Secondary Sanctions; Gender Male; term Government of Iran as set forth in Passport Y28308325 (Iran) (individual) section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section placed on OFAC’s Specially Designated [IRAN]. 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Nationals and Blocked Persons List Identified as meeting the definition of the 12. -
See the Document
IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways -
Tightening the Reins How Khamenei Makes Decisions
MEHDI KHALAJI TIGHTENING THE REINS HOW KHAMENEI MAKES DECISIONS MEHDI KHALAJI TIGHTENING THE REINS HOW KHAMENEI MAKES DECISIONS POLICY FOCUS 126 THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY www.washingtoninstitute.org Policy Focus 126 | March 2014 The opinions expressed in this Policy Focus are those of the author and not necessarily those of The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, its Board of Trustees, or its Board of Advisors. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including pho- tocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © 2014 by The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1828 L Street NW, Suite 1050 Washington, DC 20036 Cover: Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei holds a weapon as he speaks at the University of Tehran. (Reuters/Raheb Homavandi). Design: 1000 Colors CONTENTS Executive Summary | V 1. Introduction | 1 2. Life and Thought of the Leader | 7 3. Khamenei’s Values | 15 4. Khamenei’s Advisors | 20 5. Khamenei vs the Clergy | 27 6. Khamenei vs the President | 34 7. Khamenei vs Political Institutions | 44 8. Khamenei’s Relationship with the IRGC | 52 9. Conclusion | 61 Appendix: Profile of Hassan Rouhani | 65 About the Author | 72 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EVEN UNDER ITS MOST DESPOTIC REGIMES , modern Iran has long been governed with some degree of consensus among elite factions. Leaders have conceded to or co-opted rivals when necessary to maintain their grip on power, and the current regime is no excep- tion. -
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ahmed Shaheed*,**
A/HRC/28/70 Advance Unedited Version Distr.: General 12 March 2015 Original: English Human Rights Council Twenty-eighth session Agenda item 4 Human rights situations that require the Council’s attention Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ahmed Shaheed*,** Summary In the present report, the fourth to be submitted to the Human Rights Council pursuant to Council resolution 25/24, the Special Rapporteur highlights developments in the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran since his fourth interim report submitted to the General Assembly (A/68/503) in October 2013. The report examines ongoing concerns and emerging developments in the State’s human rights situation. Although the report is not exhaustive, it provides a picture of the prevailing situation as observed in the reports submitted to and examined by the Special Rapporteur. In particular, and in view of the forthcoming adoption of the second Universal Periodic Review of the Islamic Republic of Iran, it analysis these in light of the recommendations made during the UPR process. * Late submission. ** The annexes to the present report are circulated as received, in the language of submission only. GE.15- A/HRC/28/70 Contents Paragraphs Page I. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1-5 3 II. Methodology ........................................................................................................... 6-7 4 III. Cooperation -
What Drives the Water Level Decline of Lake Urmia Stephan Schulz 1*, Sahand Darehshouri1, Elmira Hassanzadeh2, Massoud Tajrishy3 & Christoph Schüth1
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Climate change or irrigated agriculture – what drives the water level decline of Lake Urmia Stephan Schulz 1*, Sahand Darehshouri1, Elmira Hassanzadeh2, Massoud Tajrishy3 & Christoph Schüth1 Lake Urmia is one of the largest hypersaline lakes on earth with a unique biodiversity. Over the past two decades the lake water level declined dramatically, threatening the functionality of the lake’s ecosystems. There is a controversial debate about the reasons for this decline, with either mismanagement of the water resources, or climatic changes assumed to be the main cause. In this study we quantifed the water budget components of Lake Urmia and analyzed their temporal evolution and interplay over the last fve decades. With this we can show that variations of Lake Urmia’s water level during the analyzed period were mainly triggered by climatic changes. However, under the current climatic conditions agricultural water extraction volumes are signifcant compared to the remaining surface water infow volumes. Changes in agricultural water withdrawal would have a signifcant impact on the lake volume and could either stabilize the lake, or lead to its complete collapse. Lake Urmia is an endorheic lake located in north-west of Iran (Fig. 1). With an average original surface area of about 5,000 km2 it is one of the largest hypersaline lakes on earth1–3. Considering its original extent, Lake Urmia has more than one hundred islands, which are vital for the reproduction of various local birds, but also as a safe breeding refuge of migratory birds such as Flamingos and White Pelicans2. Te main islands are an ideal habitat for endangered species such as the Iranian yellow deer and Armenian moufon4. -
Mayors for Peace Member Cities 2021/10/01 平和首長会議 加盟都市リスト
Mayors for Peace Member Cities 2021/10/01 平和首長会議 加盟都市リスト ● Asia 4 Bangladesh 7 China アジア バングラデシュ 中国 1 Afghanistan 9 Khulna 6 Hangzhou アフガニスタン クルナ 杭州(ハンチォウ) 1 Herat 10 Kotwalipara 7 Wuhan ヘラート コタリパラ 武漢(ウハン) 2 Kabul 11 Meherpur 8 Cyprus カブール メヘルプール キプロス 3 Nili 12 Moulvibazar 1 Aglantzia ニリ モウロビバザール アグランツィア 2 Armenia 13 Narayanganj 2 Ammochostos (Famagusta) アルメニア ナラヤンガンジ アモコストス(ファマグスタ) 1 Yerevan 14 Narsingdi 3 Kyrenia エレバン ナールシンジ キレニア 3 Azerbaijan 15 Noapara 4 Kythrea アゼルバイジャン ノアパラ キシレア 1 Agdam 16 Patuakhali 5 Morphou アグダム(県) パトゥアカリ モルフー 2 Fuzuli 17 Rajshahi 9 Georgia フュズリ(県) ラージシャヒ ジョージア 3 Gubadli 18 Rangpur 1 Kutaisi クバドリ(県) ラングプール クタイシ 4 Jabrail Region 19 Swarupkati 2 Tbilisi ジャブライル(県) サルプカティ トビリシ 5 Kalbajar 20 Sylhet 10 India カルバジャル(県) シルヘット インド 6 Khocali 21 Tangail 1 Ahmedabad ホジャリ(県) タンガイル アーメダバード 7 Khojavend 22 Tongi 2 Bhopal ホジャヴェンド(県) トンギ ボパール 8 Lachin 5 Bhutan 3 Chandernagore ラチン(県) ブータン チャンダルナゴール 9 Shusha Region 1 Thimphu 4 Chandigarh シュシャ(県) ティンプー チャンディーガル 10 Zangilan Region 6 Cambodia 5 Chennai ザンギラン(県) カンボジア チェンナイ 4 Bangladesh 1 Ba Phnom 6 Cochin バングラデシュ バプノム コーチ(コーチン) 1 Bera 2 Phnom Penh 7 Delhi ベラ プノンペン デリー 2 Chapai Nawabganj 3 Siem Reap Province 8 Imphal チャパイ・ナワブガンジ シェムリアップ州 インパール 3 Chittagong 7 China 9 Kolkata チッタゴン 中国 コルカタ 4 Comilla 1 Beijing 10 Lucknow コミラ 北京(ペイチン) ラクノウ 5 Cox's Bazar 2 Chengdu 11 Mallappuzhassery コックスバザール 成都(チォントゥ) マラパザーサリー 6 Dhaka 3 Chongqing 12 Meerut ダッカ 重慶(チョンチン) メーラト 7 Gazipur 4 Dalian 13 Mumbai (Bombay) ガジプール 大連(タァリィェン) ムンバイ(旧ボンベイ) 8 Gopalpur 5 Fuzhou 14 Nagpur ゴパルプール 福州(フゥチォウ) ナーグプル 1/108 Pages -
Les Appellations D'origine Et Les Indications Géographiques
Les appellations d’origine Appellations of origin Las denominaciones de origen No 47 Les appellations d’origine Année 2018 / Year 2018 / Año 2018 Publication du Bureau international Publication Date: February 10, 2005 de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Propriété Intellectuelle No 39 - Janvier 2011 Fecha de publicación: 10 de febrero de 2005 Appellations of origin Nos 838979 - 839219 Publication of the International Bureau of the World Intellectual Property Organization No. 39 - January 2011 Las denominaciones de origen Publicación de la Oficina Internacional de la Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual No 39 - Enero de 2011 ISSN 0253-8180O OMPI 2011 PUB: 105 Les appellations d’origine Publication du Bureau international de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Propriété Intellectuelle (OMPI) Appellations of origin Publication of the International Bureau of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Las denominaciones de origen Publicación de la Oficina Internacional de la Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual (OMPI) Année 2018 / Year 2018 / Año 2018 No. 47 Administration : Service d’enregistrement Administration: Lisbon Registry Administración: Registro de Lisboa Lisbonne WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DE LA ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA ORGANIZATION (WIPO) PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL (OMPI) PROPRIÉTÉ INTELLECTUELLE (OMPI) 34, chemin des Colombettes 34 chemin des Colombettes 34, chemin des Colombettes CH-1211 GENEVA 20 (Switzerland) CH-1211 GINEBRA 20 (Suiza) CH-1211 GENÈVE 20 (Suisse) (+41) 22 338 91 11 -
Tick Ectoparasites of Animals in Borderline of Iran-Iraq and Their Role on Disease Transmission
J Arthropod-Borne Dis, September 2018, 12(3): 252–261 O Banafshi et al.: Tick Ectoparasites of … Original Article Tick Ectoparasites of Animals in Borderline of Iran-Iraq and Their Role on Disease Transmission Omid Banafshi 1, 2, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd 2, Mohamad Karimi 1, Faezeh Faghihi 3, Mojtaba Beik-Mohammadi 4, Sahere Gholami 2, Siavash Javaherizadeh 5, Hamideh Edalat 2, *Hassan Vatandoost 2, *Zakkyeh Telmadarraiy 2 1Zoonoses Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran 2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran 5Faculty of Paramedical Science, Clinical Laboratory Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran (Received 21 May 2017; accepted 23 June 2018) Abstract Background: Since ticks are potent vectors of various diseases, identification of these species are clinically im- portant to protect the public health and control veterinary problems in the communities. We aimed to figure out the frequency of ticks on cows, goats, sheep, lambs, turtles and also obscure hosts in Kurdistan Province, bordered with Iraq June 2012 to May 2013. Methods: The hosts were selected randomly and examined individually for tick infestation. In case of infestation, ticks were collected using forceps and then preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol. All collected specimens were preserved in tubes and relative information was recorded and then identified based on morphological characteristics. Results: Totally, 1209 ticks were collected.