Paper Explores the Nature of the Go Game
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
W2go4e-Book.Pdf
American Go Association The AGA is dedicated to promotion of the game of go in America. It works to encourage people to learn more about and enjoy this remarkable game and to strengthen the U.S. go playing community. The AGA: • Publishes the American Go e-Journal, free to everyone with Legal Note: The Way To Go is a copyrighted work. special weekly editions for members Permission is granted to make complete copies for • Publishes the American Go Journal Yearbook – free to members personal use. Copies may be distributed freely to • Sanctions and promotes AGA-rated tournaments others either in print or electronic form, provided • Maintains a nationwide rating system no fee is charged for distribution and all copies contain • Organizes the annual U.S. Go Congress and Championship this copyright notice. • Organizes the summer U.S. Go Camp for children • Organizes the annual U.S. Youth Go Championship • Manages U.S. participation in international go events Information on these services and much more is available at the AGA’s website at www.usgo.org. E R I C M A N A American Go Association G Box 397 Old Chelsea Station F O O N U I O New York, NY 10113 N D A T http://www.usgo.org American Go Foundation The American Go Foundation is a 501(c)(3) charitable organiza- tion devoted to the promotion of go in the United States. With our help thousands of youth have learned go from hundreds of teachers. Cover print: Two Immortals and the Woodcutter Our outreach includes go related educational and cultural activities A watercolor by Seikan. -
The AGA Song Book up to Date
3rd Edition Songs, Poems, Stories and More! Edited by Bob Felice Published by The American Go Association P.O. Box 397, Old Chelsea Station New York, N.Y., 10113-0397 Copyright 1998, 2002, 2006 in the U.S.A. by the American Go Association, except where noted. Cover illustration by Jim Rodgers. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the copyright holder, except for brief quotations used as part of a critical review. Introductions Introduction to the 1st Edition When I attended my first Go Congress three years ago I was astounded by the sheer number of silly Go songs everyone knew. At the next Congress, I wondered if all these musical treasures had ever been printed. Some research revealed that the late Bob High had put together three collections of Go songs, but the last of these appeared in 1990. Very few people had these song books, and some, like me, weren’t even aware that they existed. While new songs had been printed in the American Go Journal, there was clearly a need for a new collection of Go songs. Last year I decided to do whatever I could to bring the AGA Song Book up to date. I wanted to collect as many of the old songs as I could find, as well as the new songs that had been written since Bob High’s last song book. You are holding in your hands the book I was looking for two years ago. -
The Burden of Choice, the Complexity of the World and Its Reduction: the Game of Go/Weiqi As a Practice of "Empirical Metaphysics"
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330509941 The Burden of Choice, the Complexity of the World and Its Reduction: The Game of Go/Weiqi as a Practice of "Empirical Metaphysics" Article in Avant · January 2019 DOI: 10.26913/avant.2018.03.05 CITATIONS READS 0 76 1 author: Andrzej Wojciech Nowak Adam Mickiewicz University 27 PUBLICATIONS 18 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Metrological Sovereignity, Suwerenność metrologiczna View project Ontological Politics View project All content following this page was uploaded by Andrzej Wojciech Nowak on 20 January 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. AVANT, Vol. IX, No. 3/2018 ISSN: 2082-6710 avant.edu.pl/en DOI: 10.26913/avant.2018.03.05 The Burden of Choice, the Complexity of the World and Its Reduction: The Game of Go/Weiqi as a Practice of “Empirical Metaphysics” Andrzej W. Nowak Institute of Philosophy Adam Mickiewicz Univesity in Poznań, Poland andrzej.w.nowak @ gmail.com Received 27 October 2018, accepted 28 November 2018, published in the winter 2018/2019. Abstract The main aim of the text is to show how a game of Go (Weiqi, baduk, Igo) can serve as a model representation of the ontological-metaphysical aspect of the actor–network theory (ANT). An additional objective is to demonstrate in return that this ontological-meta- physical aspect of ANT represented on Go/Weiqi game model is able to highlight the key aspect of this theory—onto-methodological praxis. -
ELF Opengo: an Analysis and Open Reimplementation of Alphazero
ELF OpenGo: An Analysis and Open Reimplementation of AlphaZero Yuandong Tian 1 Jerry Ma * 1 Qucheng Gong * 1 Shubho Sengupta * 1 Zhuoyuan Chen 1 James Pinkerton 1 C. Lawrence Zitnick 1 Abstract However, these advances in playing ability come at signifi- The AlphaGo, AlphaGo Zero, and AlphaZero cant computational expense. A single training run requires series of algorithms are remarkable demonstra- millions of selfplay games and days of training on thousands tions of deep reinforcement learning’s capabili- of TPUs, which is an unattainable level of compute for the ties, achieving superhuman performance in the majority of the research community. When combined with complex game of Go with progressively increas- the unavailability of code and models, the result is that the ing autonomy. However, many obstacles remain approach is very difficult, if not impossible, to reproduce, in the understanding of and usability of these study, improve upon, and extend. promising approaches by the research commu- In this paper, we propose ELF OpenGo, an open-source nity. Toward elucidating unresolved mysteries reimplementation of the AlphaZero (Silver et al., 2018) and facilitating future research, we propose ELF algorithm for the game of Go. We then apply ELF OpenGo OpenGo, an open-source reimplementation of the toward the following three additional contributions. AlphaZero algorithm. ELF OpenGo is the first open-source Go AI to convincingly demonstrate First, we train a superhuman model for ELF OpenGo. Af- superhuman performance with a perfect (20:0) ter running our AlphaZero-style training software on 2,000 record against global top professionals. We ap- GPUs for 9 days, our 20-block model has achieved super- ply ELF OpenGo to conduct extensive ablation human performance that is arguably comparable to the 20- studies, and to identify and analyze numerous in- block models described in Silver et al.(2017) and Silver teresting phenomena in both the model training et al.(2018). -
49Th European Go Congress Prague 2005
49th European Go Congress Prague 2005 Bulletin 1 Contents The plans from the editorial team ....................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................ 4 Karate ....................................................................... 5 Commented game – Zhao Pei vs. Alexander Dinerstein ............. 6 New books ..................................................................9 Commented game – Cristian Pop vs. Kai Naoyuki .................. 10 Photos – life on congress ................................................ 12 Lithuania – travel impressions ..........................................14 Lithuania – The Violet Swarm has Turned Green.................... 15 Interview with Yan An and Chinese tsumego problems ............ 16 In the next bulletin • 13×13 tournament • Interview with Guo Juan, 5p • Vocabulary English – Czech – Japanese – Korean • Talk with Turkish champion Made by Vit ‘tasuki’ Brunner on GNU/Linux, written in Vim, typeset using TEX with sgf2tex package of fonts and macros. The plans from the editorial team We present you some commented games. Also we would like to introduce to you some of the players par- ticipating in the main tournament. Every Go Congress is a meeting of the veterans, who already took part in many Congresses, with players who show up for the first time. Also there are players present, from some countries, which did not take part before. Yet another category of players present here are those who took part in an EGC before, but came back to us only after a long break. We will re-introduce some of them to you. In every issue of the bulletin we will also print interviews with some of the professionals present. Every time we ask them to show us a set of life and death problems. The first problem will be easy, so everybody has a chance to solve. The second one is meant for the level of 1-digit kyu and the third will be for dan level players. -
Weiqi, Baduk): a Beautiful Game
Go (Weiqi, Baduk): A Beautiful Game Description Go is a strategy board game originating from China more than two thousand years ago. Though its rules are simple, the game is intractably complex; a top professional can easily defeat the best supercomputers today. It was considered one of the four essential skills of a Chinese scholar. The game spread to Korea and Japan, has flourished in East Asia, and is becoming more well-known in the West. Today, Go is enjoyed by more than 40 million players in the world. Objectives Students will learn the rules of go and become able to play at an intermediate level. They will also understand the game in a historical and/or mathematical context. We hope (but do not require) that students will be able to play at a single-digit kyu level (1k-9k). Students will also learn something significant from one of the following (or both): ◦ The culture and history of go, including its origins, historical figure, and presence in East Asia and the western world. ◦ Some mathematical results of go, including a treatment of go using combinatorial game theory. This will offer enough flexibility for students of all majors. Prerequisites None. We expect all students to be able to understand the course material. The course is designed to suit students of all majors. This course is not designed for dan-level players. We will not allow dan-level players to take this course. Course Format This course will be taught by Joshua Wu in both lecture and interactive formats. We hope to emphasize student participation. -
Learning to Play the Game of Go
Learning to Play the Game of Go James Foulds October 17, 2006 Abstract The problem of creating a successful artificial intelligence game playing program for the game of Go represents an important milestone in the history of computer science, and provides an interesting domain for the development of both new and existing problem-solving methods. In particular, the problem of Go can be used as a benchmark for machine learning techniques. Most commercial Go playing programs use rule-based expert systems, re- lying heavily on manually entered domain knowledge. Due to the complexity of strategy possible in the game, these programs can only play at an amateur level of skill. A more recent approach is to apply machine learning to the prob- lem. Machine learning-based Go playing systems are currently weaker than the rule-based programs, but this is still an active area of research. This project compares the performance of an extensive set of supervised machine learning algorithms in the context of learning from a set of features generated from the common fate graph – a graph representation of a Go playing board. The method is applied to a collection of life-and-death problems and to 9 × 9 games, using a variety of learning algorithms. A comparative study is performed to determine the effectiveness of each learning algorithm in this context. Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Background 4 2.1 Go................................... 4 2.1.1 DescriptionoftheGame. 5 2.1.2 TheHistoryofGo ...................... 6 2.1.3 Elementary Strategy . 7 2.1.4 Player Rankings and Handicaps . 7 2.1.5 Tsumego .......................... -
Human Vs. Computer Go: Review and Prospect
This article is accepted and will be published in IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine in August 2016 Human vs. Computer Go: Review and Prospect Chang-Shing Lee*, Mei-Hui Wang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National University of Tainan, TAIWAN Shi-Jim Yen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, TAIWAN Ting-Han Wei, I-Chen Wu Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, TAIWAN Ping-Chiang Chou, Chun-Hsun Chou Taiwan Go Association, TAIWAN Ming-Wan Wang Nihon Ki-in Go Institute, JAPAN Tai-Hsiung Yang Haifong Weiqi Academy, TAIWAN Abstract The Google DeepMind challenge match in March 2016 was a historic achievement for computer Go development. This article discusses the development of computational intelligence (CI) and its relative strength in comparison with human intelligence for the game of Go. We first summarize the milestones achieved for computer Go from 1998 to 2016. Then, the computer Go programs that have participated in previous IEEE CIS competitions as well as methods and techniques used in AlphaGo are briefly introduced. Commentaries from three high-level professional Go players on the five AlphaGo versus Lee Sedol games are also included. We conclude that AlphaGo beating Lee Sedol is a huge achievement in artificial intelligence (AI) based largely on CI methods. In the future, powerful computer Go programs such as AlphaGo are expected to be instrumental in promoting Go education and AI real-world applications. I. Computer Go Competitions The IEEE Computational Intelligence Society (CIS) has funded human vs. computer Go competitions in IEEE CIS flagship conferences since 2009. -
Go Books Detail
Evanston Go Club Ian Feldman Lending Library A Compendium of Trick Plays Nihon Ki-in In this unique anthology, the reader will find the subject of trick plays in the game of go dealt with in a thorough manner. Practically anything one could wish to know about the subject is examined from multiple perpectives in this remarkable volume. Vital points in common patterns, skillful finesse (tesuji) and ordinary matters of good technique are discussed, as well as the pitfalls that are concealed in seemingly innocuous positions. This is a gem of a handbook that belongs on the bookshelf of every go player. Chapter 1 was written by Ishida Yoshio, former Meijin-Honinbo, who intimates that if "joseki can be said to be the highway, trick plays may be called a back alley. When one masters the alleyways, one is on course to master joseki." Thirty-five model trick plays are presented in this chapter, #204 and exhaustively analyzed in the style of a dictionary. Kageyama Toshiro 7 dan, one of the most popular go writers, examines the subject in Chapter 2 from the standpoint of full board strategy. Chapter 3 is written by Mihori Sho, who collaborated with Sakata Eio to produce Killer of Go. Anecdotes from the history of go, famous sayings by Sun Tzu on the Art of Warfare and contemporary examples of trickery are woven together to produce an entertaining dialogue. The final chapter presents twenty-five problems for the reader to solve, using the knowledge gained in the preceding sections. Do not be surprised to find unexpected booby traps lurking here also. -
Commented Games by Lee Sedol, Vol. 2 ספר חדש של לי סה-דול תורגם לאנגלית
שלום לכולם, בימים אלו יצא לאור תרגום לאנגלית לכרך השני מתוך משלושה לספריו של לי סה-דול: “Commented Games by Lee Sedol, Vol. 1-3: One Step Closer to the Summit ” בהמשך מידע נוסף על הספרים אותם ניתן להשיג במועדון הגו מיינד. ניתן לצפות בתוכן העניינים של הספר וכן מספר עמודי דוגמה כאן: http://www.go- mind.com/bbs/downloa d.php?id=64 לימוד מהנה!! בברכה, שביט 450-0544054 מיינד מועדון גו www.go-mind.com סקירה על הספרים: באמצע 0449 לקח לי סה-דול פסק זמן ממשחקי מקצוענים וכתב שלושה כרכים בהם ניתח לעומק את משחקיו. הכרך הראשון מכיל יותר מ404- עמודים ונחשב למקבילה הקוריאנית של "הבלתי מנוצח – משחקיו של שוסאקו". בכל כרך מנתח לי סה-דול 4 ממשחקיו החשובים ביותר בפירוט רב ומשתף את הקוראים בכנות במחשבותיו ורגשותיו. הסדרה מאפשרת הצצה נדירה לחשיבה של אחד השחקנים הטובים בעולם. בכרך הראשון סוקר לי סה-דול את משחק הניצחון שלו משנת 0444, את ההפסד שלו ללי צ'אנג הו בטורניר גביע LG ב0442- ואת משחק הניצחון שלו בטורניר גביע Fujitsu ב0440-. מאות תרשימים ועשרות קיפו מוצגים עבור כל משחק. בנוסף, לי סה דול משתף בחוויותיו כילד, עת גדל בחווה בביגאום, מחשבותיו והרגשותיו במהלך ולאחר המשחקים. כאנקדוטה: "דול" משמעותו "אבן" בקוריאנית. סה-דול פירושו "אבן חזקה" ואם תרצו בעברית אבן צור או אבן חלמיש או בורנשטין )שם משפחה(. From the book back page : "My ultimate goal is to be the best player in the world. Winning my first international title was a big step toward reaching this objective. I remember how fervently my father had taught me, and how he dreamed of watching me grow to be the world's best. -
BULLETIN #3August
Zhuyeqing Tea 55th European GO Congress Bordeaux 2011 € 0,50 August BULLETIN #3 3rd 2 CREDITS ■ Main Editor ■ Peter Dijkema ■ Writer ■ Peter Dijkema ■ Photos ■ Gérald Garlatti ■ Olivier Dulac ■ Layout ■ Gérald Garlatti WEATHER Wednesday, August 3rd Friday, August 5th Morning : 18°C / 64.4 °F Morning : 17°C / 62.6 °F Afternoon : 25°C / 77 °F Afternoon : 25°C / 77 °F Coast wind : 20 km/h Coast wind : - UV index : 7 UV index : 7 th Tuesday, August 4 Saturday, August 6th Morning : 16°C / 60.8 °F Morning : 16°C / 60.8 °F Afternoon : 26°C / 78.8 °F Afternoon : 25°C / 77 °F Coast wind : - Coast wind : - UV index : 7 UV index : 7 EDITORIAL 3 This third issue of the bulletin appeared later than we planned. The main reason is vacancies in the team of editors and reporters. Feel free to help us out. Request to all directors of side events: please report the results to us, so we can publish them in future bulletins. This number was written by me, with photos from Olivier Dulac, Redac’Chef while Gérald did the graphics. I hope you enjoy our work Peter Dijkema ■ We do a special dedication to Viktor Lin 5D and we great him a good health recovery. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 ■ First week of the Main Tournament 5 ■ Tsumego solution 6 ■ Kifus of the Main Tournament 10 ■ Pair-Go 11 ■ Side Events 14 ■ Motoki’s Blog 14 ■ Annual General Meeting 15 ■ Weekend Tournament 16 ■ Impressions of the Pro’s 18 ■ Wbaduk event 19 ■ American Go Songs 22 ■ Professional News Bulletin #3 Wednesday , August 3 rd Printer : COREP Talence 4 FIRST WEEK ■ Top group of the Main Tournament On Thursday, both favourites kept on winning. -
Tang Dynasty Games Magna Faire, AS LIV/2019
Ouyang Yingzhao Tang Dynasty Games Magna Faire, AS LIV/2019 Weiqi (围棋) or Go A game of Strategy Perhaps better known by the name of it’s Japanese deritivie, Go, weiqi (围棋, wéi qí) is a territory control game played with a gridded board and 361 disc-shaped pieces. Unlike western Chess, there are no prescribed, piece-specific directional moves in Go, so that the combination possibilities are almost infinite. In the Tang Dynasty, one’s ability to play Go was a measure of a person’s gentility among the elites (men and women alike), along with calligraphy, music, and painting.1 The earliest reliable record of the game comes from 548 BCE, making it possibly the oldest game that has been continuously played.2 The standard size Go board consists of a grid of 19 by 19 intersections, but variant boards have existed throughout history. The earliest extant board, a fragment from the mausoleum of Emperor Jing (r. 157-141 BCE) is 17 by 17.3 Two more 17 by 17 boards were found in an Eastern Han Dynasty (dates) tomb and official Cao Teng’s tomb (mid-second century). A 15 by 15 board was found in a tomb dated to the late Western Han Dynasty, and similar variants may have survived into the Tang or Liao periods. (dates).4 The earliest 19 by 19 board is made of porcelain and dates to 595, and another is from the early Tang Dynasty, found in the tomb of Ran Rencai (598-652), who was Prefect of Yongzhou.5 To play weiqi, players take turns placing black and white stones on the board’s intersections.