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UK Fintech: Moving Mountains and Moving Mainstream

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UK Fintech: Moving Mountains and Moving Mainstream UK FinTech: Moving mountains and moving mainstream International perspectives to shape the UK FinTech landscape. Minds made for transforming financial services Forewords CITY OF LONDON If there was ever a need for technology to focus on I am grateful for the important work undertaken by EY in the good it can do in this world, it’s right now. As the producing this report. It provides essential insight and a COVID-19 pandemic swept across the globe, changing helpful baseline for the independent Review into UK FinTech, our lives in unprecedented ways, it’s technology that’s as announced in HM Treasury’s Spring 2020 Budget. been our ally, sitting astride this pandemic and keeping Catherine McGuinness us connected. Chair of the Policy and Resources Committee, Technology is already enabling us to work from home, City of London attend virtual conferences, bank online and via apps, and receive food and entertainment. In financial and professional services, the UK has made significant progress to establish a thriving FinTech sector encompassing not only emerging start-ups, but a significant amount of innovation by our more traditional institutions. Its depth and breadth of expertise in both finance and technology, coupled with progressive policy and regulation, has established the UK’s position as the global leader in FinTech. We are now entering a crucial moment in the development of UK FinTech. For this activity to continue to translate into economic growth, we need to ensure that entrepreneurs can scale-up, expand internationally and deliver on FinTech’s transformative promises to bring prosperity to all parts of the country. The City of London Corporation and Innovate Finance commissioned this research to better understand the needs of the sector, learn from the practices of comparable international hubs, and to catalyse the next steps in the evolution of UK FinTech. As we emerge from the depths of the COVID-19 pandemic, it will be more important than ever that we implement a digital strategy that is grounded in sustainable innovation that drives inclusivity, better access, more choice, competition and national connectivity. 2 UK FinTech: Moving mountains and moving mainstream UK FinTech: Moving mountains and moving mainstream 3 Forewords continued INNOVATE FINANCE EY When we commissioned this report with the City of London This report, and the forthcoming review of UK FinTech, will When HM Treasury engaged us to benchmark the FinTech The COVID-19 situation has shone a light on the resilience, Corporation earlier this year, the COVID-19 pandemic enable the sector to build a shared blueprint for growth that landscape in 2016 (UK FinTech: On the Cutting Edge), robustness and importance of many FinTechs. We have was yet to emerge as a global threat. Fast forward a few promotes choice, transparency, inclusion and innovation in the FinTech market was nascent and growing; value was seen some thrive; their sense of purpose and relevance months and no one could have anticipated the tremendous financial services. already being realised with £6.6b1 revenue generated has been critical during the pandemic, observed by the disruption that this pandemic would cause to our economy within the UK alone. We anticipated that the FinTech sector incredible effort and commitment they have put towards Charlotte Crosswell and the financial services system. would be an engine of growth, driving innovation and supporting consumers and small and medium enterprises CEO, Innovate Finance transformation across the financial services sector. (SMEs) through this turbulent period. Yet, we also know it One of the key strengths of the UK FinTech sector is its has put significant pressure on many others. We believe ability to adapt and innovate to meet challenges and seize Fast forward to 2020. We were intrigued to understand that there is much to learn from our analysis and it is our new opportunities. The urgent need for this dynamism was whether the potential of FinTechs that we felt in 2016 firm belief that our recommendations, implemented as a brought into sharp focus as businesses closed, consumers had transpired in 2020. On the one hand, what we whole, have the potential for a far wider reaching impact isolated and economic activity came to an abrupt halt. discovered in the period leading up to 2020 and before on UK financial services and the economy. While the full Within days, FinTechs were responding to the pandemic the COVID-19 pandemic was a positive growth story. We impact of COVID-19 on the sector is yet to be seen, the and building new products and services to meet the needs witnessed a growth in capital invested, greater support FinTech industry is expected to remain resilient and with of UK citizens. Helping carers to shop for those who from policymakers and regulators internationally, the right support, to thrive. were shielding, allowing the self-employed to verify their improved quality and volume of FinTech talent, and better income for state support, and supporting businesses to collaboration amongst FinTechs and financial institutions, The analysis, views and recommendations expressed in access emergency finance were just some of the solutions all of which offered the opportunity to scale. The impact on this report were produced by EY and informed by over developed within the sector. the economy remains significant, with revenue generated 100 interviews held with FinTech firms, investors, trade by FinTechs in the UK nearly doubling to £11b in 2019. associations and policymakers. The EY team is grateful to The wider impact of the ongoing situation is as yet still On the other hand, we still witnessed more start-ups all who contributed their time and made the production of unclear, and we can expect the economic uncertainty to last than scale-ups and recognised opportunity to enhance this report possible. for some time. What we do know is that digital adoption and innovation and fuel growth within the sector. transformation has accelerated as a result, and this trend is Anita Kimber set to continue, opening up opportunities for UK FinTech to With this report, our aspiration is to present our research Partner, UK Financial Services Transformation, support households and businesses as they emerge from the findings and provide insight into leading best practices Ernst & Young LLP pandemic. With our vibrant ecosystem of start-ups, scale- across influential global markets, with an ambition to ups, high-growth firms and financial institutions, we should challenge policymakers, regulators, investors, banks and proactively use innovation to shape a more cohesive and even FinTechs themselves, to stimulate greater innovation tech-enabled financial services system that can withstand and inclusion in financial services in the UK. future disruption. When it comes to FinTech today, we no longer see clear In order to meet this challenge, we need to understand ‘leaders’ within markets; FinTech globally is being adopted what makes the UK a global FinTech leader, and where at scale, but the way different markets have fuelled growth opportunities lie to strengthen our position against highlights differences in attitudes to innovation. We realise international competition. This research provides a that ‘leadership’ in FinTech globally has become more perspective into the ecosystem for policymakers, ambiguous, depending on whether investment, talent, and regulators, institutions, industry bodies and FinTechs. adoption are deemed as the most important criteria. An It is a solid basis on which we can build our understanding important question to ask now is how to scale, hence our of innovation within financial services, and what changes focus on moving mountains and moving mainstream. can be made to enhance our performance as a sector – whether that be in policy and regulation, talent and skills, national connectivity, or capital and investment. 1“UK FinTech: On the Cutting Edge”, UK Government website, accessed via https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-fintech-on-the cutting edge, 16 June 2020. 4 UK FinTech: Moving mountains and moving mainstream UK FinTech: Moving mountains and moving mainstream 5 Our extensive interview program covered over 100 interviews across industry Interview program participants and market experts. We would like to acknowledge the contribution Contents of the below participants: 03 Forewords 107 Global assessment: case study markets United Kingdom United States Australia 06 Interview program 108 Case study market: Canada Augmentum Amex Ventures Australian Securities and Investments Commission 112 Case study market: France Bank of England Carolina FinTech Hub Brighte 08 Executive Summary 117 Case study market: Hong Kong Bankable Georgia FinTech Academy Data Republic 09 Introduction Blue Fire AI Motive Partners Ferocia Software 10 International markets – basis for selection 122 Case study market: Nordics British Business Bank NorthOne FinTech Australia 11 The components of a well-functioning 127 Considerations for future policy Cicero/AMO Congressman Patrick McHenry Paypa Plane FinTech ecosystem 128 A leading scale-up ecosystem Department for International Trade Six Thirty Reinventure 12 UK – a proactive policy agenda 131 Globally leading FinTech talent DLA Piper Status Money UP 14 UK – commitment to innovation Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) TTV Capital Wisr 135 A network of diverse and vibrant regional centres 16 A comparative snapshot of in-scope regions FinTech North 137 A targeted approach to inbound and FinTech Northern
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