Iberville Parish All-Hazard Mitigation Plan

February 28, 2006

Prepared By

IEM, Inc. Four United Plaza 8555 United Plaza Blvd., Suite 100 Baton Rouge, LA 70809

Prepared For

Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness 58050 Meriam Street P.O. Box 324 Plaquemine, LA 70765-0324

Adoption of the Local Governing Body and Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Adoption

______Iberville Parish President

______Mayor, Village of Grosse Tete

______Mayor, Town of Maringouin

______Mayor, City of Plaquemine

______Mayor, Village of Rosedale

______Mayor, City of St. Gabriel

______Mayor, Town of White Castle

Record of Revisions

Number Page/Paragraph Date

Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Executive Summary This document constitutes the Iberville Parish All-Hazard Mitigation Plan. The Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness and IEM Inc. developed this plan in compliance with FEMA guidelines and the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000.

Personnel The Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness and IEM, Inc. led the development of the Iberville Parish All-Hazard Mitigation Plan. The Iberville Parish Mitigation Plan Steering Committee assisted in plan development.

Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness: Laurie Doiron – Iberville Parish OEP Director Dallas Shearer – Iberville Parish Council Mapping Coordinator Faye Gilliam – Iberville Parish 911 Supervisor

Project Steering Committee: Major Johnny Blanchard - Iberville Parish Sheriff’s Office R.L. Downs - Safety Director, River West Medical Center David Dupont - Iberville Parish Building Inspector Dan McGrew - EHS, Atofina Brandon Mellion - Plaquemine Building Inspector Mayor John Overton, Sr. - Town of Maringouin Chief Chris Rivet - Bayou Sorrel Fire Department Chief Floyd Sanchez - St. Gabriel Fire Department George Zeringue - Iberville Parish Engineer

Plan Summary The Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan establishes a comprehensive framework of community goals and objectives for mitigating the human, property, and monetary losses associated with natural and human-caused hazards. The Mitigation Plan identifies the hazards posing the greatest threat to Iberville Parish, overviews appropriate mitigation measures, and provides a detailed Action Plan for four principal loss-mitigation goals: 1) Reducing flood losses; 2) Increasing disaster resistance of Parish and municipal infrastructure; 3) Ensuring that new construction is hazard resistant; and 4) Identifying and implementing cost- effective hazard mitigation measures in a manner that raises community awareness of these measures.

The Mitigation Plan also contains a Capabilities Assessment that provides a survey of the existing Federal, State of Louisiana, and Parish granting and funding programs available to help finance the plan’s mitigation goals. In addition, guidance for annual monitoring and progress reporting is also provided, along

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with provisions for revising and updating the larger Mitigation Plan itself through the outlined Three Year Review and Plan Amendment Process.

Appendices to the Mitigation Plan include a Hazards Profile that describes a broad range of hazards that could potentially affect Iberville Parish. For natural hazards, appropriate definitions, scales, seasonality, and histories of occurrence within Iberville Parish are provided. For human-caused hazards, both technological and terrorist, definitions of specific threats are presented and, when appropriate, histories of such incidents within Iberville Parish are discussed. The profiles were written in 2004, and therefore do not have references to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The required five-year plan review and update will include updated profiles that address these storms and the effect on the Parish.

A second appendix consists of a Risk Assessment Table, a table that examines essential facilities, critical infrastructure, and populations at risk with respect to their vulnerabilities to various hazard types, the size of potentially effected areas, and estimated replacement costs. A final appendix provides a record the input received from officials and the public at large at the series of town meetings that was held during the formulation of the Mitigation Plan.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Scope ...... 1

2.0 BACKGROUND...... 2 2.1 Community Information ...... 2 2.1.1 Local Characteristics...... 3 2.1.2 Infrastructure...... 3 2.1.3 History...... 4 2.1.4 Topography and Drainage...... 4 2.1.5 Climate...... 5 2.1.6 Commercial Industry...... 6 2.1.7 Existing Plans, Development Trends, and Policy ...... 6 2.2 Description of Process ...... 7 2.2.1 Organize Resources...... 8 2.2.2 Risk Assessment ...... 9 2.2.3 Plan Development...... 10 2.2.4 Implement and Monitor Progress...... 12

3.0 COMMUNITY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES...... 13 3.1 Community Goals for Mitigation ...... 13 3.2 Mitigation Objectives ...... 13

4.0 MITIGATION STRATEGY ...... 15 4.1 Mitigation Action Categories...... 15 4.1.1 Prevention ...... 15 4.1.2 Property Protection ...... 15 4.1.3 Natural Resource Protection ...... 15 4.1.4 Structural Projects...... 15 4.1.5 Emergency Services...... 16 4.1.6 Public Information and Awareness ...... 16 4.2 Mitigation Action Plan ...... 16

5.0 CAPABILITIES ASSESSMENT ...... 21 5.1 Capabilities for Hazard Mitigation ...... 21 5.1.1 Federal Government...... 21 5.1.2 Other Agencies...... 24 5.1.3 State Government...... 25 5.1.4 Iberville Parish Agencies ...... 28

6.0 EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT ...... 29 6.1 Monitoring and Reporting ...... 29 6.2 Revisions and Updates...... 29 6.2.1 Three Year Plan Review ...... 29 6.2.2 Plan Amendments ...... 30

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APPENDIX A: HAZARD PROFILES...... A-1

APPENDIX B: RISK ESTIMATE ...... B-1

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT...... C-1

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1.0 INTRODUCTION The purpose of the Iberville Parish All-Hazard Mitigation Plan is to reduce losses to life, property, and the environment caused by natural and human-caused disasters. In addition, the All-Hazard Mitigation Plan aims to achieve the following subset goals: ƒ To identify, introduce, and implement cost effective hazard mitigation measures in order to accomplish parish goals and objectives and to raise awareness and acceptance of hazard mitigation ƒ To strengthen ability and effectiveness of response in order to reduce losses to life, property, and the environment ƒ To increase disaster resistance and resilience of Parish and municipal facilities and infrastructure ƒ To comply with State and Federal legislative requirements for parish mitigation plans.

1.1 Scope The Iberville Parish All-Hazard Mitigation Plan includes and addresses hazards deemed to be a significant risk to parish residents, structures, infrastructure, and the environment. The geographic scope of this Plan includes all incorporated and unincorporated areas of Iberville Parish. The incorporated municipalities are the City of Plaquemine, City of St. Gabriel, Town of Maringouin, Town of White Castle, Village of Grosse Tete, and Village of Rosedale. The unincorporated areas include Bayou Sorrel, Pigeon, Crescent, Seymourville, Bayou Goula, Sunshine, and Carville.

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2.0 BACKGROUND Iberville Parish, Louisiana is vulnerable to a variety of environmental hazards, both natural and human-caused, which have the potential for causing damage to life, property, and the environment.

Mitigation is the ongoing effort to lessen the impact or reduce the risks of these disasters. The local mitigation plan is the representation of the jurisdiction’s commitment to reduce risks from natural hazards, serving as a guide for decision- makers as they commit resources to reducing the effects of natural hazards. 2.1 Community Information Iberville Parish is located in the south-central region of Louisiana. According to the U.S. Census 2000, the Parish has a population of 33,320 (in 11,953 housing units), a land area of 618.7 square miles (395,955 acres), and a water area of 34.2 square miles (21,891 acres).

The Parish is divided into western and eastern sections by the Mississippi River and is bordered by West Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge, and Ascension Parishes to the east, Assumption Parish to the south, St. Martin and Iberia Parishes to the west, and Point Coupee Parish to the north. Iberville Parish contains six incorporated communities: City of Plaquemine (parish seat), City of St. Gabriel, Town of Maringouin, Town of White Castle, Village of Grosse Tete, and Village of Rosedale. Bayou Sorrel, Pigeon, Crescent, Seymourville, Bayou Goula, Sunshine, and Carville are all unincorporated municipalities within Iberville Parish.

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3 Maringouin West Baton Rouge

Rosedale 33 A476 3 Grosse Tete ¨¦§10

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A4991 Sunshine Plaquemine 3@ ”• A475 St. Martin Mississippi River A430 3@ St. Gabriel Seymourville 3 3@ 405A4 Crescent A41 Carville Bayou Goula 3@ ”• Parish Seat 3@ 3 Incorporated A475 @3 Not Incorporated 3 Ascension 3@ White Castle Interstate Bayou Sorrel State Highways A4404 Railroad Water

469 3@Pigeon A ³ 02.551.25 Miles Iberia Assumption

Figure 1: Iberville Parish

2.1.1 Local Characteristics Table 1: Characteristics of Iberville Localities

Place Class Population Grosse Tete Village 670 Maringouin Town 1262 Plaquemine City 7064 Rosedale Village 753 St. Gabriel City 5514 White Castle Town 1946

2.1.2 Infrastructure The highways in Iberville Parish that constitute major traffic arteries include State Routes 1, 30 69, 74, 75, 404, and 3066. Interstate 10 extends across the northern part of the Parish, and is located a few miles from the industrial corridor along the Mississippi River.

The Canadian National Railroad (formerly the Illinois Central Railroad) and the Union Pacific Railroad have lines throughout the Parish. The Mississippi River, the Intracoastal Waterway, and several other waterways (e.g., Grand River and Bayou Sorrel) are important commercial, transportation, and recreational thoroughfares.

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Approximately one-third of Iberville Parish is located in the Atchafalaya Floodway. The floodway is comprised of approximately 374,000 acres of fresh marsh, bottomland hardwoods, and Cypress Tupelo swamps. This ecosystem promotes habitat that supports a diverse number of species. The Atchafalaya Basin is unique to Louisiana because it has a growing delta and stable wetlands. The basin is very productive as a result of high waters from the Mississippi River flowing into the basin and depositing sediments that sustain the marsh and provides nutrients.1

2.1.3 History Iberville Parish was named after Captain Pierre Lemoyne d’Iberville, a French- Canadian explorer who traveled up the Mississippi River in 1699 and explored the territory that is now Iberville Parish. In 1804, the Parish was first established as “Iberville County” by an act of the territorial legislature. In January of 1807, the territory of New Orleans was divided into nineteen parishes. One of these, the Parish of Iberville, included Iberville County and the settlement of Galveztown. In 1842, the Parish seat became Plaquemine, the former being Point Pleasant.

During explorations by Captain d’Iberville, large amounts of debris lodged at the mouth of Bayou Plaquemine blocked access to the Mississippi River. Throughout the next century, the importance of this passage was realized and the mouth of Bayou Plaquemine was dredged and widened. However, repeated flooding necessitated the construction of a levee to block the passage. Residents of Iberville Parish realized the need for this passage and in 1895 the construction of the Plaquemine lock began. This lock once again allowed access to the Louisiana interior from the Mississippi River. Today, the lock is not operational and serves as the tourist information center and museum for the city of Plaquemine.2

2.1.4 Topography and Drainage The topographic features of Iberville Parish are generally defined as low-lying areas of the Mississippi Alluvial Floodplain. Approximately 70% of the Parish is located within the 1% annual chance flood zone or 100-year floodplain. Average elevations range from 5 feet National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) in the south to 25 feet along the banks of the Mississippi River. Areas outside of the 1% annual chance flood zone are comprised mainly of areas protected by levee systems and incorporated communities. The subsurface of the Parish is underlain by a complex series of clay pans with a southward slope composed of silt, sand, and gravel deposits. The Sharkey Association of Soils, generally associated with poorly drained soils, dominates the area.

Iberville Parish is protected from the Mississippi River flooding by continuous levees along the banks. These levees were constructed after the lower Mississippi

1 Burk-Kleinpeter, Inc. and Floodgard, Inc. Iberville Parish Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan. July 1999. 2 Ibid.

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River flood in 1927, and have since successfully confined the river. The Parish is also protected in the west by the East Atchafalaya Basin Protection Levee which forms the eastern boundary of the Atchafalaya Basin Floodway.

Iberville Parish drainage generally flows north to south. The western portion of the Parish is contained within the East Atchafalaya Basin Protection Levee. Because this area is subject to annual flooding, development is restricted and the area is used primarily for recreation, limited industrial activities, and wildlife protection purposes.

Drainage is accomplished through a complex network of manmade canals and natural bayous. Bayou Maringouin, Bayou Grosse Tete, and the Trinity Drainage Canal drain the Town of Maringouin, Rosedale, and Grosse Tete. Bayou Grosse Tete and Trinity Drainage Canal converge south of the communities and feed into Bayou Choctaw (Intracoastal Waterway). Bayou Choctaw extends southward while accepting more water from the Bayou Plaquemine, the Upper Grand River system, and then passes through Bayou Sorrel and Bayou Pigeon. Major drainage arteries such as the Wilburt Canal, W4-Main, and Bayou Goula provide drainage from Plaquemine and southeast to the Bayou Goula area. These arteries converge into the W4-Main. The Town of White Castle is drained via major drainage arteries such as Bayou Tigre, W2, W3, and Muddy Bayou. All of the above drainage flows southward into the Lake Verret Watershed in Assumption Parish. On the eastern banks of the Mississippi River, Spanish Lake Reservoir accepts drainage from Bayou Paul and Bayou Braud.

2.1.5 Climate

Climograph for Plaquemine, LA

90 7 80 6 70 5 60 50 4 40 3 30 Temperature (F) Temperature

2 Precipitation (in.) 20 1 10 0 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Figure 2: Climograph

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The climate of Iberville Parish is classified as semitropical with an average temperature of 69°F. Iberville Parish enjoys a complete seasonal cycle with pleasant spring and fall seasons. Winter months are usually mild with cold spells of short duration. Snowfall is less than 2” per year. The summer months are generally hot, with an average daily maximum temperature of 93°F. The average yearly rainfall is 62”. Generally, precipitation is well distributed throughout the year. The driest month is usually May with an average of 4.56” of precipitation, while January tends to be the wettest, with 6.4”. A secondary rainfall peak occurs in July and August, and this is associated with increased convective activity.

2.1.6 Commercial Industry Dow Chemical, located along the Mississippi River, is the leading industry in the Parish, producing more than 50 basic bulk chemicals. There are five other major petrochemical industries also in the Parish.

Agriculture—especially sugar cane production—is also a major industry. Sorghum, soybeans, beef cattle, and pecans also are agricultural pursuits in Iberville Parish. The Intracoastal Waterway serves as a strategic marine transportation link from Bayou Choctaw to the Mississippi River at the Port of Baton Rouge (West Baton Rouge Parish) to the Port of Morgan City (St. Mary Parish) on the Atchafalaya River. The Town of White Castle features Cora Texas Manufacturing Company, the only sugar mill in Iberville Parish. The Parish also includes the Atchafalaya National Wildlife refuge located in the Atchafalaya Basin Floodway, which supports an extremely productive sport and commercial fishery.

2.1.7 Existing Plans, Development Trends, and Policy Iberville Parish has several plans in existence that are pertinent to the mitigation planning effort. The Iberville Parish Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) provides guidance for preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to disasters in Iberville Parish. During the planning process, the EOP served as a reference for existing capabilities as well as hazard identification. In the next revision, the Parish EOP shall provide reference to the Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan, specifically to outline mitigation roles and responsibilities as defined in Section 6.0 (Evaluation and Enhancement).

The parish adopted the “Unified Development Code” on January 18, 2000 (Ordinance #98-00). This ordinance addresses permits, lots, streets and roads, utilities, drainage and flood protection, waivers and exceptions, enforcement, and fee schedules. As of October 31, 2005, no comprehensive floodplain management program exists in Iberville Parish. In the Plan development process, the Unified Development Code served as an important reference not only for regular structural developments but also to mitigation actions within the parish.

The Iberville Parish Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan served as a reference for this plan, specifically for the flood and hurricane profiles. The document, drafted in

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1999, provides historical flood information that was cited in this plan. The Iberville Parish Flood Hazard Mitigation plan may be revised to show the identification of flood hazard mitigation actions as well as the progress made toward implementing these actions as dictated by the Parish Emergency Management Director.

According to the Iberville Parish Planning Director, the following major land developments have been completed over the last several years.

ƒ Health Unit - Health Unit was constructed at a cost of $1,500,000 with funding through Louisiana Office of Facility Planning and Control. This facility services all health needs for Iberville Parish. It houses our outpatient substance abuse clinic as well as the Department of Health.

ƒ Multipurpose Center - This facility was completed during March of 2005. It will serve as a multi-use facility for rodeo events, fairs and any other events held by Iberville residents or interested parties.

ƒ The Island Golf Community - country club golf community that was completed during 2000. This community boasts magnificent homes and an Audubon Trail golf course.

ƒ Pecan Place Subdivision - New subdivision within the city limits of Plaquemine. It features residential homes and lots. Hwy. 1148 Bridge - bridge constructed solely with Iberville Parish Funds to connect LA Hwy 77 with LA Hwy 3066. This bridge is essential to future residential and commercial expansion of Iberville Parish.

ƒ Olevia Plantation Subdivision - A small waterfront residential development along LA Hwy 3066. This development features both residential homes and lots.

ƒ Maringouin LCDBG Sewer Project - Sewer project that connected approximately 100 low income residents in the Maringouin area to community sewer.

ƒ Annex and Iron Farm Canal Drainage Improvement - Installation of culverts in these two major canals have decreased maintenance cost.

2.2 Description of Process Iberville Parish used the FEMA recommended four-step process in developing an all-hazard mitigation plan: 1. Organize resources, 2. Assess risks,

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3. Develop mitigation plan, and 4. Implement and monitor progress.

2.2.1 Organize Resources

2.2.1.1 Planning Participation The first step in the hazard mitigation planning process involved the establishment of a steering committee. Individuals from each jurisdiction and representatives of the Iberville Parish LEPC were invited to participate on the Iberville Parish Mitigation Plan Steering Committee. The plan Steering Committee included the following individuals: ƒ Major Johnny Blanchard - Iberville Parish Sheriff’s Office ƒ R.L. Downs - Safety Director, River West Medical Center ƒ David Dupont - Iberville Parish Building Inspector ƒ Dan McGrew - EHS, Atofina ƒ Brandon Mellion - Plaquemine Building Inspector ƒ Mayor John Overton, Sr. - Town of Maringouin ƒ Chief Chris Rivet - Bayou Sorrel Fire Department ƒ Chief Floyd Sanchez - St. Gabriel Fire Department ƒ George Zeringue - Iberville Parish Engineer

The Steering committee was led by the Iberville Parish Director of Emergency Preparedness. IEM, Inc. provided contractor support to the director. Steering committee members were identified for each jurisdiction and for industrial and commercial interests in the Parish. However, not all representatives actively participated in the planning process. The White Castle, Grosse Tete, and Rosedale representatives did not participate on the Steering Committee, but participated in the planning process through public meetings (see Appendix C). The Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness recognizes that participation from all jurisdictions is important in the continuation of mitigation planning and implementation in the Parish. Efforts will continue to be made to include representatives from all jurisdictions. Specifically, mayors of jurisdictions within the Parish shall serve as Steering Committee members or appoint a representative from the jurisdiction.

An initial steering committee meeting was held on October 8, 2003 to introduce the project, to establish initial goals for the plan, and to determine means for acquiring public input. Additional steering committee meetings were held following the completion of each phase of the project in order to solicit input and to obtain steering committee approval (January 26, 2004; April 21, 2004; July 14, 2004). Agendas and outcomes for each meeting are listed in Appendix C.

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In addition to the steering committee, the following positions were identified as possible contributors to the planning process. ƒ Mayor of St. Gabriel ƒ Mayor of White Castle ƒ Mayor of Plaquemine ƒ Mayor of Grosse Tete ƒ Mayor of Rosedale ƒ Iberville Parish President

2.2.1.2 Data Collection Existing Iberville Parish and State plans were reviewed and data were gathered from the following resources: ƒ Louisiana Homeland Security and Office of Emergency Preparedness ƒ Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness ƒ Louisiana Office of State Climatology ƒ United States Geological Survey ƒ Southern Regional Climate Center ƒ National Climatic Data Center ƒ United States Army Corps of Engineers ƒ Hazards United States – Multi-Hazard (HAZUS-MH) ƒ Iberville Parish Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan ƒ Iberville Parish Local Emergency Planning Committee.

2.2.2 Risk Assessment Risk and vulnerability assessments were completed through investigative research along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The risk assessments include identification of hazards, hazard profiles and mapping, critical facility and infrastructure identification, and loss estimation.

2.2.2.1 Hazard Profiling The Hazard Profiles described and analyzed the environmental hazards present in Iberville Parish. Natural and human-caused hazards specific to the Parish were identified, researched, analyzed, and mapped where possible. Hazards were ranked based on frequency and magnitude. The risk index forms the basic foundation for the prioritization of mitigation strategies. A steering committee

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meeting was held on January 26, 2004 to solicit input regarding the hazard identification and profiling process and to review the completed profiles.

The 5 Hazards that are a priority for instituting mitigation actions are: ƒ Floods ƒ Hurricanes and Tropical Storms ƒ Tornadoes ƒ Severe Storms (wind, hail, lightning) ƒ Hazardous Material Accidents (fixed and transportation).

2.2.2.2 Critical Infrastructure and Loss Estimation Table 2 describes the types of structures included in the critical facilities and infrastructure assessment. These data, along with valuation information, were provided by the Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness and HAZUS- MH. The facilities and infrastructure were incorporated into a GIS and evaluated based on their corresponding hazard zone.

Table 2: Critical Infrastructure

Essential Facilities Critical Infrastructure Vulnerable Populations Hospitals Highways Nursing Homes Sheriff and Police Stations and Railways Day Care Centers Substations Fire Stations Waterways Emergency Operations and Drinking Water Dispatch Centers Evacuation Shelters Wastewater Schools Natural Gas Town Halls Electric Power Courthouses Locks Public Works Levees Jails Military Installations Prisons Post Offices

2.2.3 Plan Development Based on the risk assessment results, possible mitigation measures were brainstormed and prioritized. Furthermore, an assessment of parish and state capabilities to support hazard mitigation were included. A listing of Federal programs that assist state and local governments was also included.

2.2.3.1 Prioritization A steering committee meeting addressed the major hazards and possible corresponding mitigation measures. The steering committee members prioritized

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the mitigation measures based on risk assessment results and from professional and local experience.

2.2.3.2 Capabilities The purpose of the capability assessments was to identify specific programs and agency activities that foster mitigation activities in Iberville Parish. A review of the Parish budget and current mitigation projects were also completed.

2.2.3.3 Development of Objectives and Mitigation Actions A steering committee meeting on April 21, 2004, focused on developing a list of mitigation objectives based on the completed risk assessment. Each steering committee member was given a list of “focus hazards”, those hazards that pose the greatest risk to Iberville Parish residents. Furthermore, steering committee members were given a check sheet upon which they prioritized the various mitigation techniques.

The check sheet provided a range of mitigation actions for each applicable hazard. The results of the check sheet data collection are provided in Appendix C (Table 37). A qualitative cost-benefit was conducted at the April 21, 2004 meeting. Each strategy was analyzed critically for applicability and cost. Approximate costs were considered with each possible strategy as well as the number of jurisdictions and residents that would benefit from the measure. The results were reviewed by the Iberville Parish OEP Director and by the IEM Planning Team and incorporated into the mitigation strategy. Mitigation actions are listed in the prioritized order established by the Steering Committee.

2.2.3.4 Public Input In addition to steering committee involvement, the public was invited to participate in the planning process through a series of meetings. Contractor staff presented the process developing a mitigation plan at pre-established public meetings in November 2003. At each meeting, the contractor provided a brief outline of the mitigation planning process and allowed for the leadership and public to comment on the process and provide input as to their hazards of concern and possible mitigation strategies. The outcomes of each meeting are listed as Appendix C.

Also, the Iberville Parish Website currently provides an avenue through which residents can post comments or input. The December 2005 of the Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan is posted on the website for public comment. Furthermore, a public meeting will be held (Date and Location TBD) to present the plan to the residents. As changes to the plan are made, residents and neighboring parishes will be made aware through a notice in the Plaquemine Post- South newspaper. The updated plan will be posted on the website and hard copies will be available to the public in the Iberville Parish EOC and at the Iberville Parish Library in Plaquemine, LA.

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The URL for the Iberville Parish Mitigation Plan is as listed below: http://www.ibervilleparish.com/emerprep/allhazard.html.

2.2.4 Implement and Monitor Progress Following the completion of mitigation action prioritization, an action plan was written. The action plan created an avenue for the Parish to follow in order to reduce losses. Annual and post-hazard event updates will allow for the plan to remain relevant over time.

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3.0 COMMUNITY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES In order to define mitigation objectives, Iberville Parish first needed to establish mitigation goals. The goals are general guidelines, long-term global visions, and broad policy-type statements. Following the risk assessment, mitigation-specific objectives (i.e., measurable strategies and/or implementation steps to attain the identified goals) were compiled. 3.1 Community Goals for Mitigation The steering committee and project staff identified the following goals for the Iberville Parish All-Hazard Mitigation Planning effort at the first steering committee meeting held on October 8, 2003. These goals are general, broad-based statements that can only be achieved through the implementation of specific objectives. They are: 1. Reduce flood losses within Iberville Parish. 2. Increase disaster resistance of Parish and municipal facilities and infrastructure. 3. Ensure that new construction is hazard resistant and does not lead to increased hazard risk or exacerbate effects of hazards. 4. Identify, introduce, and implement cost effective hazard mitigation measures so as to accomplish the Parish goals and objectives and to raise both awareness and acceptance of hazard mitigation generally.

3.2 Mitigation Objectives For each goal listed in Section 3.1, several mitigation-specific objectives have been identified to attain the goals. Listed under each goal below, the objectives are: ƒ Goal 1: Reduce flood losses within Iberville Parish • Objective 1.1 Increase public awareness of National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). • Objective 1.2 Decrease structure and infrastructure vulnerability to flood losses within the 1% annual chance flood zone (Flood Zone A). • Objective 1.3 Reduce risk to identified repetitive loss structures. ƒ Goal 2: Increase disaster resistance of Parish and municipal facilities and infrastructure. • Objective 2.1 Maintain physical security of parish and municipal facilities. • Objective 2.2 Identify structural weaknesses in Parish-owned facilities and infrastructure ƒ Goal 3: Ensure that new construction is hazard resistant and does not lead to increased hazard risk or exacerbate effects of hazard.

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• Objective 3.1 Improve land use and construction regulations in Parish and municipalities within Parish boundaries. • Objective 3.2 Implement minor structural flood control projects. ƒ Goal 4: Identify, introduce, and implement cost effective hazard mitigation measures to accomplish the Parish goals and objectives and to raise awareness and acceptance of hazard mitigation generally • Objective 4.1 Establish a hazard mitigation public outreach program at the Parish level • Objective 4.2 Increase participation in national or State public outreach and hazard risk reduction programs • Objective 4.3 Continue to identify and solicit funding opportunities through grant programs at the State and Federal level

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4.0 MITIGATION STRATEGY Specific mitigation actions that help to achieve the goals and objectives were defined and prioritized for the action plan. On April 21, 2004, a Iberville Parish Steering Committee meeting was held to review the results of the risk assessment and to create a list of specific mitigation objectives and actions to reduce losses caused by the hazards causing the most damages in the Parish: 1) Flooding, 2) Severe Storms (wind, hail, lightning), 3) Hurricanes and Tropical Storms, 4) Tornadoes, and 5) Hazardous Materials Accidents.

4.1 Mitigation Action Categories Mitigation techniques are categorized in six groups: 1) Prevention, 2) Property Protection, 3) Natural Resource Protection, 4) Structural Projects, 5) Emergency Services, and 6) Public Information and Awareness.

4.1.1 Prevention Prevention measures are government administrative or regulatory actions and processes that influence the way land and buildings are developed or built. These actions also include public activities to reduce hazard losses.

Examples: planning and zoning, building codes, capital improvement plans, open space preservation, and storm water management regulations.

4.1.2 Property Protection Property protection measures are actions that involve the modification of existing buildings or structures to protect them from a hazard or removal from the hazard area.

Examples: acquisition, elevation relocation, structural retrofits, storm shutters, and shatter-resistant glass.

4.1.3 Natural Resource Protection Natural resource protection measures are actions that, in addition to minimizing hazard losses, also preserve or restore the functions of natural systems.

Examples: sediment and erosion control, stream corridor restoration, watershed management, forest and vegetation management, and wetland restoration and preservation.

4.1.4 Structural Projects Structural projects are actions that involve the construction of structures to reduce the impact of a hazard.

Examples: dams, levees, floodwalls, seawalls, retaining walls, and safe rooms.

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4.1.5 Emergency Services Emergency services are actions that protect people and property during and immediately after a disaster or hazard event.

Examples: warning systems, emergency response services, and protection of critical facilities.

4.1.6 Public Information and Awareness Public information and awareness are actions designed to inform and educate citizens, elected officials, and property owners about the hazards and the potential ways to mitigate them.

Examples: outreach projects, real estate disclosure, hazard information centers, and school-age and adult education programs.

4.2 Mitigation Action Plan The Mitigation Action Plan is described in the following four tables.

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Table 3: Goal 1 Goal 1: Reduce Flood Losses within Iberville Parish Objectives Actions Timeframe Funding Staff 1.1.1 Attain Community Rating Parish funds, Parish Engineer, System (CRS) status for HMGP Parish Building unincorporated areas of 2 years Inspector, Office of Iberville Parish and Approximate Emergency incorporated areas within its Cost: $15,000 Preparedness boundaries. 1.1. Increase public Benefit: Reduced flood insurance rates, improved community resilience awareness of Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes National Flood Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Insurance Program Gabriel, White Castle (NFIP) in all incorporated areas 1.1.2 Implement a public Parish funds Office of Emergency and unincorporated awareness campaign to inform Next flood loss HMGP Preparedness, Parish areas of the Parish and educate residents on flood event Building Inspector, insurance following flood (indeterminate) Approximate Local NFIP events. Cost: $25,000 Coordinators Benefit: Increased public awareness of flood risk and strategies to reduce risk Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle 1.2.1 Encourage adherence to building codes & construction Parish Engineer, standards for new construction No additional Parish Building 2 years parish-wide specific to wind funding Inspector, Public and flood-related hazards Works, Sheriff’s Office through incentive program. Benefit: No cost to Parish or jurisdictions; increases hazard resistance of structures Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Wind and Storm Surge from Hurricanes, Tornadoes, Wind from Severe Storm events Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle 1.2.2 Develop a local levee 1.2. Decrease maintenance program for Local Funding structure and levees that are not under U.S. infrastructure Army Corps of Engineers, 1 year Approximate Public Works vulnerability to Pontchartrain Levee Board, or Cost: flood losses within Atchafalaya Levee Board $100,000 the 1% annual jurisdiction. chance flood zone (Flood Zone A). Benefit: Increased flood protection for life and property near local levees; increases levee effectiveness Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes Jurisdictions: Rosedale, Iberville Parish (unincorporated) 1.2.3 Complete a drainage HMGP study of Iberville Parish to Parish Engineer, determine areas that have 1 year Approximate Engineering Firm greater risk from flash flooding Cost: or poor drainage. $250,000 Benefit: Increased awareness of flood-prone areas; assist in prioritization of more specific flood hazard mitigation projects, i.e., elevation and acquisition Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes Jurisdictions: Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle

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Table 4: Goal 2 Goal 2: Increase Disaster Resistance of Parish and Municipal Facilities and Infrastructure Objectives Actions Timeframe Funding Staff 2.1.1 Assess current security Sheriff’s Office, procedures for all structures No Office of Emergency and infrastructure identified 6 months additional Preparedness, on Critical Facility and funding LEPC Infrastructure List (App. B). Benefit: No cost to Parish or jurisdictions; provides prioritization for prevention actions Hazards Mitigated: Human-Caused Hazards *2.1. Maintain physical Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, security of parish and St. Gabriel, White Castle municipal facilities 2.1.2 Identify problems and ODP Sheriff’s Office, security gaps for all Office of Emergency structures and infrastructure 1 year Approximate Preparedness, identified on Critical Facility Cost: LEPC and Infrastructure list. $35,000 Benefit: Provides prioritization for prevention activities Hazards Mitigated: Human-Caused Hazards Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle 2.2.1 Review Critical No Office of Emergency Facilities and Infrastructure 1 year additional Preparedness, Database and hazard funding Mapping categories (Appendix B). Benefit: No cost to Parish or Jurisdictions; supports other mitigation actions Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Hurricanes, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Hazardous Materials Accidents Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle 2.2.2 Assess structural Office of Emergency needs or necessary No Preparedness, upgrades to make Parish 2 years additional Mapping, Public facilities and infrastructure funding Works, Parish more hazard-resistant. Engineer 2.2. Identify structural Benefit: No cost to Parish or jurisdictions; prioritizes sites for mitigation actions weaknesses in Parish- Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Hurricanes, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and owned facilities and Hazardous Materials Accidents infrastructure Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle 2.2.3 Develop and update a parish-wide GIS database that incorporates Parish No Office of Emergency infrastructure, critical 1 year additional Preparedness, facilities, land use, and funding Mapping hazard zones, and provide annual updates of this database. Benefit: No additional cost to Parish or jurisdictions; supports other mitigation actions Hazards Mitigated: Indirectly will serve in the reduction of Flood, Hurricanes, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Hazardous Materials Accidents Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle *Public input and steering committee input presented Goal 2.1 as an important component of this mitigation plan. It is understood that these actions will not be funded by Federal or State funds.

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Table 5: Goal 3 Goal 3: Ensure that new construction is hazard resistant and does not lead to increased hazard risk or exacerbate effects of hazard Objectives Actions Timeframe Funding Staff NFIP Coordinators, Parish Office of Funds, 3.1.1. Develop a Emergency HMGP comprehensive floodplain 3 years Preparedness,

management plan Parish Building Approximate Inspector, Parish Cost: $200K Engineer Benefit: Provides a framework for flood loss reduction throughout the Parish 3.1. Improve land use Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes and construction Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, regulations in Parish St. Gabriel, White Castle and municipalities NFIP Coordinators, within Parish Office of boundaries 3.1.2 Adopt a No Adverse Emergency No additional Impact approach to floodplain 3 years Preparedness, funding management (via 3.1.1) Parish Building Inspector, Parish Engineer Benefit: Fosters a community-based flood loss reduction strategy Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle Statewide Flood 3.2.1 Improve current parish Control Parish Engineer, drainage systems as 3-5 years Program Public Works prioritized by Action 1.2.3 (DOTD); HMGP Cost: TBD 3.2. Implement minor Benefit: Serves to reduce flooding and flood-related losses in designated areas structural flood control Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes projects Jurisdictions: To be determined 3.2.2 Evaluate and Local funding Parish Engineer, consequently improve local 3-5 years Cost: TBD Public Works levee systems Benefit: Strengthens levees, consequently reducing flood losses Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Storm Surge from Hurricanes Jurisdictions: Rosedale, Iberville Parish (unincorporated)

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Table 6: Goal 4 Goal 4: Identify, introduce, and implement cost effective hazard mitigation measures to accomplish the parish goals and objectives and to raise awareness of, and acceptance of hazard mitigation generally Objectives Actions Timeframe Funding Staff 4.1.1 Add hazard mitigation No Office of section to parish emergency 1 year additional Emergency guidebook. funding Preparedness Benefit: Increases public awareness of homeowner mitigation actions Hazards Mitigated: Indirectly will serve in the reduction of Flood, Hurricanes, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Hazardous Materials Accidents Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle 4.1. Establish hazard mitigation public Office of Emergency outreach program on 4.1.2 Arrange and hold hazard Private Preparedness, Parish level mitigation workshops for 2 years Industry School District, homeowners. Private Industry, LEPC Benefit: Increases public awareness of mitigation activities Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Hurricanes, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Hazardous Materials Accidents Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle Office of 4.2.1 Attain “Storm-Ready” No Emergency status through the National 2 years additional Preparedness, Weather Service. funding National Weather 4.2 Increase Service – Slidell, LA participation in National Benefit: Provides additional points in order to become a CRS community under or State public outreach NFIP; improves public weather warnings and hazard risk Hazards Mitigated: Flood, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Hurricanes reduction programs Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish 4.2.2 Attain Community Rating System status through FEMA See 1.1.1 See 1.1.1 See 1.1.1 and NFIP (also Action 1.1.1). See 1.1.1 4.3.1 Maintain and foster communications with Louisiana No Office of Homeland Security Ongoing additional All Sources and Emergency Preparedness funding – Mitigation Division Benefit: Fosters development and maintenance of the mitigation program in Iberville Parish Hazards Mitigated: Indirectly will serve in the reduction of Flood, Hurricanes, 4.3. Continue to identify Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Hazardous Materials Accidents and solicit funding Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, opportunities through St. Gabriel, White Castle grant programs at the 4.3.2 Examine Federal funding state and federal level. No opportunities at conferences, Ongoing additional All Sources workshops, and following funding disasters or hazard events Benefit: Allows for increased funding, research, and partnerships Hazards Mitigated: Indirectly will serve in the reduction of Flood, Hurricanes, Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Hazardous Materials Accidents Jurisdictions: Iberville Parish, Grosse Tete, Maringouin, Plaquemine, Rosedale, St. Gabriel, White Castle

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5.0 Capabilities Assessment

5.1 Capabilities for Hazard Mitigation

5.1.1 Federal Government Through FEMA, the Federal Government has several programs to support hazard mitigation. These include: ƒ Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program ƒ Hazard Mitigation Grant Program ƒ Flood Mitigation Assistance Program ƒ Public Assistance

5.1.1.1 Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program3 The Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) Program was authorized by §203 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Assistance and Emergency Relief Act (Stafford Act), 42 USC, as amended by §102 of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. Funding for the program is provided through the National Pre-Disaster Mitigation Fund to assist States and local governments (including Indian Tribal governments) in implementing cost-effective hazard mitigation activities that complement a comprehensive mitigation program. All applicants must be participating in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) if they have been identified through the NFIP as having a Special Flood Hazard Area (a Flood Hazard Boundary Map (FHBM) or Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) has been issued). In addition, the community must not be suspended or on probation from the NFIP.

The Fiscal Year 2003 budget provides $150 million under the National Pre- Disaster Mitigation Fund to initiate a competitive grant program for pre-disaster mitigation activities. The intent of this program is to provide a consistent source of funding to State, Tribal, and local governments for pre-disaster mitigation planning and projects primarily addressing natural hazards.

Eligible activities and funding are as follows: ƒ Mitigation projects: $3M cap Federal share per project ƒ Mitigation planning: No cap ƒ Up to 10% of the funds requested in the mitigation planning or project sub- applications may be used for information dissemination activities regarding cost-effective mitigation technologies. These activities may include marketing and outreach (e.g., brochures, videos, etc.), but only if related to the proposed mitigation planning or project activity. ƒ Applicant management costs: not to exceed 10%

3 http://www.fema.gov/fima/pdm.shtm

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ƒ Sub-applicant management costs: not to exceed 5% ƒ Cost-share: 75% Federal cost-share. Small, impoverished communities may be eligible for a 90% Federal cost-share.

5.1.1.2 Hazard Mitigation Grant Program4 Authorized under Section 404 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) provides grants to States and local governments to implement long-term hazard mitigation measures after a major disaster declaration. The purpose of the program is to reduce the loss of life and property due to natural disasters and to enable mitigation measures to be implemented during the immediate recovery from a disaster.

The amount of funding available for the HMGP under a particular disaster declaration is limited. The program may provide a State with up to 7.5 percent of the total disaster grants awarded by FEMA. States that meet higher mitigation planning criteria may qualify for 20 percent under the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000.

FEMA can fund up to 75% of the eligible costs of each project. The State or grantee must provide a 25% match, which can be fashioned from a combination of cash and in-kind sources. Funding from other Federal sources cannot be used for the 25% share with one exception: funding provided to States under the Community Development Block Grant program from the Department of Housing and Urban Development can be used to meet the non-federal share requirement.

HMGP funds may be used to fund projects that will reduce or eliminate the losses from future disasters. Projects must provide a long-term solution to a problem (e.g., elevation of a home to reduce the risk of flood damages as opposed to buying sandbags and pumps to fight the flood.) In addition, a project's potential savings must be more than the cost of implementing the project. Funds may be used to protect either public or private property or to purchase property that has been subjected to, or is in danger of, repetitive damage. Examples of projects include, but are not limited to: ƒ Acquisition of real property for willing sellers and demolition or relocation of buildings to convert the property to open space use ƒ Retrofitting structures and facilities to minimize damages from high winds, earthquake, flood, wildfire, or other natural hazards ƒ Elevation of flood prone structures ƒ Development and initial implementation of vegetative management programs

4 http://www.fema.gov/fima/hmgp/

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ƒ Minor flood control projects that do not duplicate the flood prevention activities of other Federal agencies ƒ Localized flood control projects, such as certain ring levees and floodwall systems, that are designed specifically to protect critical facilities ƒ Post-disaster building code related activities that support building code officials during the reconstruction process.

5.1.1.3 Flood Mitigation Assistance Program5 FMA was created as part of the National Flood Insurance Reform Act (NFIRA) of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 4101) with the goal of reducing or eliminating claims under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). FMA regulations can be found in 44 CFR Part 78. Funding for the program is provided through the National Flood Insurance Fund. FMA is funded at $20 million nationally.

FMA provides funding to assist States and communities in implementing measures to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk of flood damage to buildings, manufactured homes, and other structures insurable under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).

There are three types of grants available under FMA: Planning, Project, and Technical Assistance Grants. FMA Planning Grants are available to States and communities to prepare Flood Mitigation Plans. NFIP-participating communities with approved Flood Mitigation Plans can apply for FMA Project Grants. FMA Project Grants are available to States and NFIP participating communities to implement measures to reduce flood losses. Ten percent of the Project Grant is made available to States as a Technical Assistance Grant. These funds may be used by the State to help administer the program. Communities receiving FMA Planning and Project Grants must be participating in the NFIP. A few examples of eligible FMA projects include the elevation, acquisition, and relocation of NFIP- insured structures.

States are encouraged to prioritize FMA project grant applications that include repetitive loss properties. The FY 2001 FMA emphasis encourages States and communities to target repetitive loss properties identified in the Agency's Repetitive Loss Strategy. These include structures with four or more losses and structures with 2 or more losses where cumulative payments have exceeded the property value.

State and communities are also encouraged to develop plans that address the mitigation of these target repetitive loss properties.

5 http://www.fema.gov/fima/planfma.shtm

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5.1.1.4 Public Assistance6 The Public Assistance Program provides supplemental Federal disaster grant assistance for the repair, replacement, or restoration of disaster-damaged, publicly owned facilities and the facilities of certain Private Non-Profit (PNP) organizations.

The Federal share of assistance is not less than 75% of the eligible cost for emergency measures and permanent restoration. The State determines how the non-Federal share (up to 25%) is split with the applicants.

Eligible Activities are as follows: ƒ Eligible applicants include the States, local governments, Indian tribes and certain PNP organizations. ƒ To be eligible, the work must be required as the result of the disaster, be located within the designated disaster area, and be the legal responsibility of an eligible applicant. Work that is eligible for supplemental Federal disaster grant assistance is classified as either emergency work or permanent work.

5.1.2 Other Agencies The following agencies of note provide disaster recovery assistance: ƒ Small Business Disaster Assistance Program ƒ U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ƒ Small Business Administration Disaster Assistance Program7

The SBA offers a variety of loan programs to assist businesses and others impacted by a disaster. ƒ For homeowners, there is one basic loan with two purposes available: • Personal Property Loan: This loan can provide a homeowner or renter with up to $40,000 to help repair or replace personal property such as clothing, furniture, automobiles, etc., lost in the disaster. • Real Property Loan: A homeowner may apply for a loan of up to $200,000 to repair or restore their primary home to its pre-disaster condition. ƒ Any business that is located in a declared disaster area and has incurred damage during the disaster may apply for a loan to help repair or replace damaged property to its pre-disaster condition. The SBA makes physical disaster loans of up to $1.5 million to qualified businesses.

The SBA also offers a Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loan Program. Among it provisions:

6 http://www.fema.gov/rrr/pa/overview.shtm 7 http://www.sba.gov/disaster_recov/index.html

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ƒ Businesses borrowed up to $50,000 per fiscal year (ending September 30) for the fiscal years 2003 and 2004, the years the pilot program was in effect. The loans were used to fund only those projects that were part of approved loan requests. ƒ SBA will consider mitigation measures costing more than $50,000 per year if applicants identify, as part of your Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loan application, sources of funding for the costs above $50,000.

5.1.2.1 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development: Community Development Block Grants8 Subject to availability of supplemental appropriations, HUD provides flexible grants to help cities, counties, and States recover from Presidentially-declared disasters, especially in low-income areas.

Over a one, two, or three year period selected by the grantee, not less than 70% of the CDBG funds must be used for activities that benefit low- and moderate- income persons. All activities must meet one of the following national objectives for the program: benefit low- and moderate-income persons, prevent or eliminate slums or blight, community development needs having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community.

5.1.3 State Government Louisiana State government has five programs that may support mitigation activities: ƒ LA DOTD Statewide Flood Control Program ƒ LA Homeland Security and OEP State Hazard Mitigation Program ƒ LA Division of Administration Community Development Block Grants ƒ Governor’s Office of Rural Development (GORD) ƒ LSU Agriculture Extension Service

5.1.3.1 Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development: Louisiana Statewide Flood Control Program9 The Louisiana Statewide Flood Control Program may provide up to 90% of the cost of construction for projects that reduce existing flood damages, do not encourage additional development in flood-prone areas, do not increase upstream or downstream flooding, and have a total construction cost of $100,000 or more. The application process consists of two steps: 1. Submittal of a Pre-Application (by May 1)

8 http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/communitydevelopment/programs/index.cfm 9 http://www.dotd.state.la.us/intermodal/division/ports_flood/flood_control.shtml

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2. Submittal of an Application (by October 1 within four years of the Pre- Application)

Additional information is available at the following contact: Louisiana Department of Transportation & Development Statewide Flood Control Program Airport, Room 222 Post Office Box 94245 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9245 Telephone: (225) 274-4339 Fax: (225) 274-4344

5.1.3.2 Louisiana Homeland Security and Office of Emergency Preparedness: State Hazard Mitigation Grant Program10 The State of Louisiana through LHS/LOEP has a limited program through which hazard mitigation projects are funded. This program is similar to the federal HMGP, with an emphasis on small watershed and drainage projects.

Additional information is available at the following contact: COL Jeff Smith Acting Director Louisiana Homeland Security/Office of Emergency Preparedness 7667 Independence Blvd Baton Rouge, LA 70806 Telephone: (225) 925-7557 Email: [email protected]

5.1.3.3 Louisiana Division of Administration: Louisiana Community Development Block Grants11 The mission of this program is to provide assistance to local governmental entities for the development of viable communities. The LCDBG program is principally designed to assist persons of low-to-moderate income by providing decent housing, a suitable living environment, and expanding economic opportunities.

Capital outlays12 are expenditures for acquiring lands, buildings, equipment or other properties, or for their preservation or development or permanent improvement. Capital outlay planning and budgeting are directed toward the acquisition or renovation of fixed assets.

10 http://www.loep.state.la.us/hlsmitigation/mitigationindex.htm 11 http://www.state.la.us/cdbg/cdbg.htm 12 http://wwwsrch2.doa.state.la.us/infra/LIINC.htm

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The following contact information is available for Louisiana Division of Administration Development Block Grants: Susan K. Elkins, Director Office of Community Development Division of Administration P. O. Box 94095 Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70804-9095 Telephone (225) 342-7412 Jerry W. Jones Office of Facility and Planning Control Division of Administration P.O. Box 94095 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9095 Telephone: (225) 342-0820 Fax: (225) 342-7624

5.1.3.4 Governor’s Office of Rural Development (GORD)13 The GORD mission is to reach all of Louisiana’s rural communities with resources to help them grow and benefit the lives of their citizens. The organization serves as the single point of contact for rural government service providers, State and Federal agencies, and individuals interested in rural policies and programs of the state. GORD accepts applications throughout the year and awards them on a quarterly basis.

5.1.3.5 Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality14 The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) has four programs available to assist in recovery: ƒ Construction Grants Program: The Construction Grants Program assists municipalities in receiving grants from the EPA for the construction or upgrade of publicly owned municipal wastewater treatment works. ƒ Municipal Facilities Revolving Loan Fund Program: The Municipal Facilities Revolving Loan Fund Program provides below market rate loans to communities for construction or upgrade of wastewater treatment works and other water quality improvement projects. ƒ Drinking Water Revolving Loan Fund Program: The Drinking Water Revolving Loan Fund Program provides assistance to public water systems to construct or upgrade drinking water systems to meet Federal and State standards. DEQ and the Office of Public Health (OPH), Department of Health and Hospitals are cooperating to implement this program in Louisiana. ƒ Hardship Grants Program: The Hardship Grants Program provides assistance to small, rural communities to construct wastewater treatment

13 http://www.rurallouisiana.com/ruralgrandfund/ruralgrantfund.htm 14 http://www.deq.state.la.us/financial/index.htm

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projects. A limited amount of Federal grant funds to the Governor's Office of Rural Development (ORD) is available to assist eligible communities that could not otherwise afford the project costs. DEQ and ORD are cooperating to implement this program.

5.1.3.6 Louisiana State University Agriculture Extension Service is responsible for statewide off-campus, informal teaching of agricultural and natural resource technology and management techniques, as well as other off-campus programs focused on home economics, youth development, overall improvement of the state's economy and efficient use of community and personal resources.

5.1.4 Iberville Parish Agencies The following Iberville Parish Agencies provide assistance in hazard mitigation: ƒ Department of Emergency Preparedness ƒ Department of General Services ƒ Department of Public Works

5.1.4.1 Office of Emergency Preparedness The Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness is the agency under which flood hazard and all-hazard mitigation plans are coordinated. The OEP also is responsible for the coordination of the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program on the local level.

5.1.4.2 Department of General Services This department consists of the following three offices: ƒ Office of Permits and Inspections: The Parish Building Inspector administers the program for unincorporated areas of the Parish. Each incorporated area is a separate NFIP community and has its own administrator. ƒ Office of Safety Coordination and Mosquito Abatement: The effort to control the annoying insects started in April of 2002. Trucks spray an environmentally friendly pesticide to control the adult mosquito population in all inhabited areas of the Parish. The route includes all municipalities and all unincorporated areas of the Parish. ƒ Office of Solid Waste: The Parish Office of Solid Waste coordinates debris pick-up prior to storm events.

5.1.4.3 Department of Public Works The Parish DPW coordinates local sewer and drainage projects and provides sandbags to residents during flood events.

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6.0 EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT

6.1 Monitoring and Reporting Periodic monitoring and reporting of the Plan is required to ensure that the goals and objectives for Iberville Parish are kept current and that local mitigation efforts are being carried out. The Plan has therefore been designed to be user-friendly in terms of monitoring implementation and the preparation of regular progress reports. The Iberville Parish Director of Emergency Preparedness is responsible for calling a meeting of the steering committee, receiving input, and submitting approved updates to LOHSEP and FEMA. The monitoring will focus on the mitigation actions and progress in meeting the mitigation goals and objectives. Any suggestions made during the five years will be recorded and brought up at the five-year meeting for discussion and/or approval. The hazard profiles will be reviewed and updated at the five-year review, also.

The Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness recognizes that participation from all jurisdictions is important in the continuation of mitigation planning and implementation in the Parish. Efforts will continue to be made to include representatives from all jurisdictions. Specifically, mayors of jurisdictions within the Parish shall serve as Steering Committee members or appoint a representative from the jurisdiction.

The Mitigation Plan shall be reviewed annually or as situations dictate (e.g., following a disaster declaration). Each year, the Emergency Preparedness Director will conduct a meeting of the steering committee during the 3rd fiscal quarter to evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of the mitigation actions proposed in the Plan. Recommendations and required changes will also be discussed. If the Steering Committee determines that the recommendations warrant modification to the Plan, the Committee may initiate a Plan amendment as described in Section 6.2.

6.2 Revisions and Updates Periodic revisions and updates of the Plan are required to ensure that the goals and objectives for Iberville Parish are kept current. More importantly, revisions may be necessary to ensure the Plan is in full compliance with Federal regulations and State statutes. This portion of the Plan outlines the procedures for completing such revisions and updates. The Iberville Parish Director of Emergency Preparedness will oversee revisions and updates.

6.2.1 Three Year Plan Review The three background studies (Hazard Identification and Analysis, Community Vulnerability Assessment, and Mitigation Capabilities Assessment) should be reviewed every 3 years to determine if there have been any significant changes in Iberville Parish that would affect the Plan. Increased development, increased

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exposure to certain hazards, the development of new mitigation capabilities or techniques, and changes to Federal or State legislation are examples of changes that may affect the condition of the Plan. This cycle of plan review exceeds FEMA’s requirement of a five-year plan review cycle. However, the plan will be submitted to FEMA every five years as required by the IFR.

Further, following a disaster declaration, the Plan will need to be revised to reflect lessons learned or address specific circumstances arising out of the disaster. The results of this three (3) year review should be summarized at the annual meeting under the direction of the Emergency Preparedness Director.

If the Steering Committee determines that the recommendations warrant modification to the Plan, the Board may either initiate a Plan amendment as described below or, if conditions justify, direct the Emergency Preparedness Director to undertake a complete update of the Plan.

6.2.2 Plan Amendments An amendment to the Plan can be initiated by any Steering Committee member. Recommendations from other persons or agencies will be brought to the Steering Committee for review. The Steering Committee will also seek public comment.

Upon initiation of an amendment to the Plan, Iberville Parish will forward information on the proposed amendment to all interested parties including, but not limited to, all affected Parish departments, residents and businesses. Information will also be forwarded to the Louisiana Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness. This information will be placed on the Iberville Parish Council Office of Emergency Preparedness website in order to seek input on the proposed Plan amendment for not less than a forty-five (45) day period for review and comments.

At the end of the comment period, the proposed amendment and all review comments will be forwarded to the Emergency Preparedness Director (or his/her designee) for consideration. If no comments are received from the reviewing parties within the specified review period, it will be noted accordingly. The Emergency Preparedness Director (or his/her designee) will review the proposed amendment along with the comments received from other parties and submit a recommendation to the Steering Committee within sixty (60) days.

In determining whether to recommend approval or denial of a Plan amendment request, the following factors will be considered: ƒ Whether there are errors or omissions made in the identification of issues or needs during the preparation of the Plan; ƒ If new issues or needs have been identified which were not adequately addressed in the Plan; ƒ If there has been a change in information, data, or assumptions from those on

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which the Plan was based; ƒ If new strategies are in compliance with the Unified Development Code.

Upon receiving the recommendation of the Emergency Preparedness Director (or his/her designee,) the Steering Committee will review the recommendation and any oral or written comments received. Following that review, the Steering Committee will take one of the following actions: ƒ Defer the amendment request for further consideration; ƒ Adopt the proposed amendment as presented; ƒ Adopt the proposed amendment with modifications; or ƒ Incorporate the amendment in the Emergency Operations Plan.

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Appendix A: Hazard Profiles

Hazards Assessment

In order to assess the frequency, magnitude, and geographic scale of natural and human-caused hazards in Iberville Parish, contractor personnel gathered and analyzed National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Storm Data and Iberville Parish Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Logs to determine the event types that have occurred most frequently and caused the most losses in the Parish. Taking those sources into consideration and including public input from the municipal meetings in November 2003, certain hazards were deemed to be of greatest concern in Iberville Parish and worthy of mitigation actions.

The methods for assessing the Parish and jurisdictional vulnerability to these hazards included: ƒ Geographic assessment of hazards using maps and known hazard zones (e.g., flood zones) ƒ Historical assessment of frequency and magnitude using NCDC storm data and EOC logs ƒ Classification of probability of future occurrence: • High probability = Has more than 15 documented occurrences in the last 45 years or has historically caused property damages greater than $1 million; • Moderate probability = Occurs more than five times but less than 15 times in the last 45 years; has historically caused damages more than $50,000, OR has not yet occurred, but the potential for loss is very high; • Low probability = Has occurred less than five times in the last 45 years or caused fewer than $50,000 in damages. ƒ Classification of Priority • These categories were determined by the steering committee and through public input. High priority hazards were deemed to be the most appropriate for further risk analysis including spatial analysis of hazards. Moderate priority hazards were profiled, but not spatially analyzed. Low priority hazards were neither prioritized nor profiled.

Table 8 describes all hazards and the potential to affect the Parish. It also describes the historical frequency and magnitude as gleaned from NCDC Storm Data. It is important to note that all data in the profiles is current as of December 31, 2003.

A-1 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Table 7: Assessed Hazard Events in Iberville Parish

Hazard Historical Historical Probability Priority Profiled in Considered Frequency Magnitude Plan? for Mitigation Actions? Avalanche 0 0 Low Low No No Coastal Erosion 0 0 Low Low No No Coastal Storm 0 0 Low Low No No Dam Failure 0 0 Low Low No No Drought 6 $8.5 M Moderate Moderate No No Earthquake 1 Unknown Low Moderate No No Expansive Soils 0 0 Low Low No No Extreme Cold** 14 $3.5 M (crop Moderate Moderate No No losses) Extreme Heat 3 Unknown Low Low No No Flood 29 >$10 M High High Yes Yes Fog 2 Unknown Low Low No No Hailstorm* 16 $5 K Moderate Moderate Yes; Severe Yes; Severe Storm Storm Human-Caused Unknown Unknown High High Yes Yes Hazards (Hazardous Materials Accidents and Terrorism) Hurricane / Tropical 17 >$10 M High High Yes Yes Storms Land Failure Unknown Unknown Low Low No No Levee Failure 0 0 Moderate Moderate Yes No Severe Storm* 32 $250 K High High Yes Yes Tornado* 13 $3 M Moderate High Yes Yes Tsunami 0 0 Low Low No No Volcano 0 0 Low Low No No Wildfire 0 0 Low Low No No Windstorm* 52 $275 K High High Yes; Severe Yes; Severe Storm Storm Winter Storm** 14 $1 M Moderate Low No No

*Lightning, hail, tornadoes, wind, and heavy rain are sometimes grouped by NCDC as “severe storms”. A separate severe storms profile was created, but hail, lightning, tornadoes, and wind were profiled separately. **While winter storms display a high number of losses and events, this was not profiled. Upon inspection of climate and loss records, the winter storm losses were related to extreme cold.

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Hazard Identification Iberville Parish has identified several hazards that are addressed in the All-Hazard Mitigation Plan. These hazards were identified through an extensive review of the following sources: ƒ National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Storm Data ƒ Iberville Parish Emergency Operations Center Logs ƒ Steering Committee Meetings ƒ Public Input Meetings ƒ Disaster Declarations ƒ GIS-based Data Resources (HURDAT, FEMA Q3 Flood Data, National Atlas)

The All-Hazard Plan has identified a range of natural and human-caused hazards which are described in the table below.

Table 8: Range of Identified Hazards

Hazard How Identified Why Identified Floods ƒ FEMA Q3 Flood Data (GIS) 78% of the Parish is located within ƒ Louisiana State Hazard the 1% annual chance flood zone. Profiles Several Repetitive Loss Properties ƒ NCDC Storm Data are located within Parish boundaries ƒ Public Input The parish is affected by flash, ƒ EOC Logs riverine, and coastal flooding. ƒ Disaster Declarations Flooding has caused extensive ƒ Repetitive Flood Loss Data property losses in the parish. ƒ HAZUS-MH Hurricanes/ ƒ HURDAT Iberville Parish has endured the Tropical Storms ƒ Louisiana State Hazard effects of 17 tropical cyclones from Profiles 1960 through 2002. ƒ NCDC Storm Data Hurricanes and tropical storms have ƒ Public Input produced human and property losses ƒ EOC Logs due to flooding and high winds, and ƒ Disaster Declarations have caused evacuations of the parish. Levee Failures ƒ Public Input Levees protect most of Eastern ƒ Louisiana State Hazard Iberville Parish from flooding. Profiles Minor levee failures have caused property damages. Severe Storms ƒ NCDC Storm Data Hazards associated with severe Hail ƒ EOC logs storms have caused damages to Wind ƒ Public Input property and life in Iberville Parish. Lightning ƒ Disaster Declarations Severe Storms and associated ƒ Louisiana State Hazard hazards are the most frequently Profiles occurring hazard in Iberville Parish ƒ Steering Committee

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Hazard How Identified Why Identified Hazardous ƒ Louisiana State Hazard 35 fixed industrial facilities are Materials Releases Profiles located in Iberville Parish. Transportation ƒ EOC Logs Major transportation thoroughfares Fixed Facility ƒ Public Input (Interstate, Railroad, and Waterways) ƒ Steering Committee are avenues for hazardous material transport. The majority of events listed in the EOC logs were hazardous material events. Terrorism ƒ EOC Logs Potential for extreme losses in (Intentional Iberville Parish given the profile of the Hazardous chemical industry. Material Release/Sabotage/ Malicious Destruction) Tornadoes ƒ NCDC Storm Data Tornadoes have caused damages to ƒ EOC logs property and life in Iberville Parish. ƒ Public Input ƒ Disaster Declarations ƒ Louisiana State Hazard Profiles ƒ Steering Committee

Several hazards have not been included in this assessment. These are addressed below with justification for omission. ƒ Avalanche – no history, event is highly unlikely given topography/climate; ƒ Coastal Erosion – Iberville Parish does not have a coastline; ƒ Coastal Storm – Iberville Parish does not have a coastline; ƒ Drought – Iberville Parish, while affected by drought events, the losses are limited mainly to agricultural losses, and are not a significant priority in this Plan. Addition of mitigation actions for drought may be considered in the five-year update. ƒ Earthquake – Iberville Parish does not have significant seismic risk. ƒ Extreme Cold – Iberville Parish, while affected by extreme cold events, the losses are limited mainly to agricultural losses, and are not a significant priority in this Plan. Addition of mitigation actions for extreme cold may be considered in the five-year update. ƒ Dam Failure – Iberville Parish has no dams that upon failure would adversely affect the Parish; ƒ Extreme Heat – State Hazard Mitigation Plan states that Extreme Heat is not a significant hazard in Louisiana; ƒ Landslide or Land Failure– Risk Assessment in State Hazard Mitigation Plan presents low risk in Iberville Parish;

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ƒ Tsunami – unlikely given that parish is located far enough inland, limited seismic activity; ƒ Volcano – no volcanoes located in region; ƒ Wildfire – Risk Assessment in State Hazard Mitigation Plan presents low risk in Iberville Parish ; and ƒ Winter Storm – Snow and ice have historically had a limited impact on community.

The table below lists the hazards of main concern for each jurisdiction based on the hazard profiles in Appendix A, the risk estimates in Appendix B, and the public input listed in Appendix C. Table 9: Identified Hazards

Jurisdiction Hazards Iberville Parish (unincorporated) ƒ Flood ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials ƒ Levee Failure City of Plaquemine ƒ Flood ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials City of St. Gabriel ƒ Flood ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials ƒ Levee Failure Town of Maringouin ƒ Flood ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials Town of White Castle ƒ Flood ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials Village of Grosse Tete ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials

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Jurisdiction Hazards Village of Rosedale ƒ Flood ƒ Hurricane/Tropical Storm ƒ Tornado ƒ Severe Storm ƒ Hazardous Materials ƒ Levee Failure

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Floods

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Not Incorporated f—you2ƒorrel ‡hite2g—stle3 ”• Parish Seat Flood Zone A - 1% Annual Chance

X500 - 0.2% Annual Chance €igeon X - Outside 0.2% Annual Chance Area ANI - Area Not Mapped

Water

Figure 3: Flood Zone Map

Event description According to the flood insurance manual, a flood is a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas.15 Floods are caused by weather phenomena and events that deliver more precipitation to a drainage basin than can be readily absorbed or stored within the basin.16 Due to the topography, proximity to the coast, hydrologic features, and climate, flooding is the greatest natural hazard concern to Iberville Parish. The three main causes of flooding in Iberville Parish are riverine, flash (including urban flooding and drainage problems), and coastal flooding.

Riverine Riverine floods are generally large-scale floods that affect entire or multiple watersheds. Riverine flooding occurs when excessive rainfall or snowmelt from areas upstream of the problem area exerts pressure on rivers or drainage channels.

15 Federal Emergency Management Agency. Flood Insurance Definitions. 2003. Online. http://www.fema.gov/nfip/19def2.shtm#. 16United States Geological Survey. Flood Definitions. 2003. Online. http://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansas/waterwatch/flood/definition.html.

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Riverine flooding is usually a gradual process, with warning time ranging from several hours to several days prior to the onset of flooding. River water surface elevations overtop the natural banks of the channel inundating the areas within the floodplain or beyond.

Riverine flooding has the tendency to remain in flood stage for a longer period of time than other types of flood hazards. In many cases riverine flooding may cause greater property and crop losses due to the length of time structures and land are inundated. The velocity, depth of the water, and the debris associated with the fast moving water also determine the magnitude of losses.

Flash Flash floods occur when short duration, high intensity rainfall is quickly collected in a basin, resulting in a rapid hydrologic response. Sheet flow or ponding in communities along the Mississippi River is normally caused by excessive rainfall that exceeds the design capabilities of drainage facilities. Sheet flow can be associated with flash flooding after a lack of rain when clay soils are hardened and relatively impermeable. Sheet flow tends to have activity of high intensity, but short duration. Topography, soil types, and other conditions can also affect the duration of a flash flood. A typical flash flood lasts minutes to hours and recedes quickly. Damages from flash floods can be severe due to the short notification and preparation time available. More fatalities have been caused by flash flooding than all other types of flooding.

Coastal A coastal flood is the inundation of land areas along the ocean coast caused by sea waters over and above normal tidal action that originates from the ocean, back bays, sounds, or other bodies of sea water. Coastal floods are directly related to tidal surge, an abnormal rise in sea water level caused by tropical storms and hurricanes. Surges result from strong, on-shore winds and/or intense, low-pressure cells and ocean storms. Most of the damage from tidal surge is due to the severe erosion of building foundations and the destruction of roads, bridges, and sand dunes. Tidal surges are usually limited to beach front areas and rarely cause major damage to inland areas such as Iberville Parish. Water level is controlled by wind, atmospheric pressure, existing astronomical tide, waves and swell, local coastal topography and bathymetry, and the storm's proximity to the coast.17 With the proper orientation, a Category 3 hurricane can cause coastal flooding in Iberville Parish.

Classification Flood events are defined by the probability that a certain amount of water is possible any one year. For example, the “100-year flood” is in fact the level of water with a 1% chance (1:100) of occurring in any one year. The term does not

17 Organization of American States. What are Natural Hazards?. 2002. Online. http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea54e/ch05.htm.

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mean that a flood occurs every 100 years, but that it has a chance of 1:100 of occurring any one year. Water volume increases as the probability decreases.18

Table 10: Flood Probabilities for Any One Year

% Chance in 1 Year Probability Flows Description Year 5 0.2 20% Mild Minor Flooding–generally used to indicate minimal or no property damage; however, some 10 0.1 10% Light public inconvenience is possible 25 0.040 4% Light to Moderate Moderate Flooding–indicates the inundation of secondary roads; transfer to higher elevation 50 0.020 2% Moderate may be necessary to save property, and some evacuation may be required 100 0.010 1% Heavy to Extreme Major Flooding–indicates extensive inundation and property damage, usually characterized by 500 0.002 0.2% Extreme the evacuation of people and livestock, and the closure of both primary and secondary roads19

The amount of water is governed by local precipitation, snowpack, rainfall, and sometimes storage capacity in a reservoir. The channel and shape characteristics control how fast the water flows. A narrow, steep channel tends to move water quickly, while a wide, flat channel moves water slowly. When water moves slowly, it tends to rise or back up, which can cause overbank flooding. Other factors, such as vegetation and soil will also affect water flow. Generally, for the purposes of Flood Insurance Rate Mapping, 1% (100-year) and 0.2% (500-year) floods are mapped. See Figure 3 to view the flood zones in Iberville Parish.

Table 11: Iberville Parish Flood Zones

% of Land Area Flood Zone Description % Parish Residences in (sq.mi.) Parish 1% Annual Chance/100- A 510.33 78.29 7 year Floodplain 0.2% Annual Chance/500- X500 6.85 1.05 91 year Floodplain Outside of 0.2% Annual X 134.12 20.58 2 Chance ANI Not Mapped 0.54 0.0008 0

18U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. What is a 5-year flood?. 1997. Online. http://www.nww.usace.army.mil/html/offices/op/em/5yrflood.htm. 19 National Weather Service Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Center. Seneca Creek at Dawsonville. 2003. Online. http://ahps.erh.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ahps.cgi?lwx&dawm2.

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Associated Hazards Table 12: Flooding and Associated Hazards

Contributing/Associate Cost Short-Term Effects Factors Winter Storms Disruption of Utilities Disruption of Utilities Tropical Storms/Hurricanes Damage to Infrastructure Disease Outbreaks Heavy Rainfall Events Erosion/Subsidence Dam/Levee Failures Injury/Death Flash Floods Contamination of Water Supply Coastal Floods Property Damage Riverine Floods Crop/Agricultural Damage

Seasonality

Number Reported Flood Events 1959-2003

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 4: Iberville Parish Reported Flood Events20

Recent Damaging Flood Events in Iberville Parish Damaging flood events affecting Iberville Parish have been reported to the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) 28 times over the last 42 years, resulting in an average of 1 event every 1.5 years. Of the events reported to the NCDC, 23 are classified as flash (including urban, drainage, and sheet flow), four as riverine, and one as coastal, flash, and riverine. Approximately $10 million in property and crop losses were reported for the period of record.

20 NCDC Storm Data

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The most recent damaging flood event in Iberville Parish was widespread flash and riverine flooding associated with Tropical Storm Allison on June 5, 2001. Heavy rainfall caused flooding in several areas of the parish including Bayou Sorrel. By June 8th, many locations had received 10 to 18 inches of rain. Periods of torrential rain overwhelmed local drainage and created severe ponding of water which flooded numerous roadways and low-lying areas, leaving many houses and some businesses flooded. Another round of heavy rainfall developed on June 10 as the remnant circulation of Tropical Storm Allison moved over southeast Louisiana and intensified. By the end of the event on June 11th, a reported total of 15 to 25 inches was common with some locations reporting up to 30 inches of rain.

Moderate to major river flooding occurred on the lower portions of the Amite and Comite River Basins with the highest water levels observed since 1983. In the eastern section of Iberville Parish, flooding was widespread due to levee failures along Bayou Manchac, inundating roadways and homes. At least $300,000 in property damages were reported in Iberville Parish. No deaths or injuries were reported.

Declared Flood Disasters in Iberville Parish

Table 13: Iberville Parish Declared Flood Disasters

Date Description 4/27/73 Severe Storm, Flooding Coastal, Riverine, and Flash 5/2/79 Flooding, 4/9/80 Severe Storm, Flooding 8/28/89 Severe Storm, Flooding 4/29/91 Severe Storm, Flooding 2/2/93 Severe Storm, Flooding 6/5/01 Tropical Storm Allison Source: LA State Hazard Profiles

Gages ƒ Bayou Grosse Tete at Rosedale, LA ƒ USGS 07381440 ƒ Hydrologic Unit Code 08070300 ƒ Latitude 30°26'33", Longitude 91°27'06" NAD27 ƒ Gage datum 0.00 feet above sea level NGVD29 ƒ Lower Grand River at Bayou Sorrel, LA

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ƒ USGS 07381450 ƒ Hydrologic Unit Code 08070300 ƒ Latitude 30°09'19", Longitude 91°19'54" NAD27 ƒ Bayou Manchac at Alligator Bayou near Kleinpeter, LA ƒ USGS 07378746 ƒ Hydrologic Unit Code 08070202 ƒ Latitude 30°19'16", Longitude 91°01'15" NAD27 ƒ Gage datum 0.00 feet above sea level NAVD88

The Intracoastal Waterway stream gage at the Bayou Sorrel Lock is part of the National Weather Service Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service. Through this service, specific flood height and historic information is available.

National Weather Service. Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service. Intracoastal Waterway at Bayou Sorrel Lock. 2003. Online http://www.srh.noaa.gov/cgi- bin/ahps.cgi?lix&bsrl1

Mitigation Action Consideration Flood hazards pose a significant risk to residents and property in Iberville Parish and are considered for mitigation actions.

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Hurricanes and Tropical Storms „ropi™—l2gy™lone2g—tegory „ropi™—l2gy™lones2effe™ting2s˜erville2€—rishD2IVSIEPHHP H1 Subtropical Storm H2 Tropical H3 Depression ´ Not Named - 1947 H4 Tropical Storm 07.5153.75 Miles Edith - 1971

Not Named - 1955 Not Named - 1940 Not Named - 1934 Babe - 1977 Betsy - 1965

Not Named - 1931 Beryl - 1988 Not Named - 1905

Not Named - 1932 Bertha - 2002 Not Named - 1920

Juan - 1985

Arlene - 1959

Not Named - 1923

Not Named - 1937

Not Named - 1926

Not Named - 1914

Not Named - 1856 Not Named - 1912 Andrew - 1992

Not Named - 1879 Hilda - 1964

Not Named - 1888

Not Named - 1860 Carmen - 1974

Not Named - 1905 Allison - 2001

Not Named - 1932

Figure 5: Tropical Cyclones

Event Description A tropical storm is a distinct circulation which has developed from a tropical depression to achieve a wind speed of 39 to 74 mph. At this time it is assigned a name. During this time, the storm itself becomes more organized and becomes more circular in shape, resembling a hurricane. Tropical storms often develop further into hurricanes. A hurricane is a tropical cyclone with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour or more. Hurricanes produce a variety of hazards including torrential rains, high winds, and storm surges. A hurricane can last for two weeks or more over open water.

Classification Intensity is based on the Saffir-Simpson Scale as described below. The intensity of impact is also based on the orientation of storm, location of landfall, speed of storm movement, and the effects of landfall on the storm. Generally, storms tend to weaken as they pass over land, but a fast moving hurricane can maintain higher wind speeds for a longer period of time. Hurricanes and tropical storms also can merge with mid-latitude cyclones (i.e., frontal systems) which can stall the system and cause major flooding.

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ƒ Tropical Depression: winds less than 39 mph and an organized circulation ƒ Tropical Storm: winds 40 to 73 mph ƒ Hurricanes: see below

Table 14: Saffir-Simpson Scale of Hurricane Intensity

Pressure Wind Category Storm Surge (ft) Damage (in. Hg) (mph) 1 28.94+ 74–95 4–5 Minimal 2 28.50–28.93 96–110 6–8 Moderate 3 27.91–28.49 111–130 9–12 Extensive 4 27.17–27.90 131–155 13–18 Extreme 5 <27.17 155+ 18+ Catastrophic

Associated Hazards Table 15: Hurricanes and Associated Hazards

Contributing/Associate Short-Term Effects Long Term Effects Factors Heavy Rainfall Events Disruption of Utilities Disruption of Utilities Dam Failures Damage to Disease and Outbreak Infrastructure Flash Floods Erosion/Subsidence Riverine Floods Injury/Death Coastal Floods Contamination of Water Supply Tornadoes Property Damage Lightning Crop/Agricultural Damage High Winds Fire

Spatial and Temporal Scale The risk of damaging winds from hurricanes is generally even across the Parish. However, the risk of flooding varies. Hurricanes can cause various types of flooding, including levee failure and storm surge flooding in southern areas of the Parish. Therefore, flooding from hurricanes can be expected in flood zone A, and also in communities located near the rivers and bayous. The monthly frequency of tropical cyclones is presented in Figure 6.

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Monthly Frequency of Tropical Cyclones in Iberville Parish 1851-2002

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 6: Monthly Frequency of Tropical Cyclones

History of Events in Iberville Parish Table 16: History of Hurricanes in Iberville Parish Date Name Category Date Name Category 8/11/1856 n/a TS 9/19/1947 n/a 1 10/2/1860 n/a 2 9/4/1949 n/a TS 9/5/1869 n/a 1 7/29/1954 Barbara TS 9/1/1879 n/a 2 8/2/1955 Brenda TS 6/15/1886 n/a TS 8/27/1955 n/a TS 8/20/1888 n/a 1 6/13/1956 n/a TS 9/7/1893 n/a 1 9/18/1957 Esther TS 3/19/1905 n/a TS 5/31/1959 Arlene TD 10/9/1905 n/a TS 10/4/1964 Hilda 2 9/20/1909 n/a 2 9/10/1965 Betsy 2 6/13/1912 n/a TS 9/16/1971 Edith 2 9/18/1914 n/a TS 9/8/1974 Carmen 3 9/22/1920 n/a 2 9/5/1977 Babe TS 10/16/1923 n/a TS 7/11/1979 Bob 1 8/26/1926 n/a 1 8/15/1985 Danny 1 9/22/1926 n/a TS 10/29/1985 Juan 1 7/15/1931 n/a TS 8/9/1988 Beryl TS 9/19/1932 n/a TS 9/10/1988 Florence TS 10/15/1932 n/a TS 8/26/1992 Andrew 4 6/16/1934 n/a TS 6/11/2001 Allison SS 10/3/1937 n/a TS 8/7/2002 Bertha TD 9/24/1940 n/a TD 10/3/2002 Lili 1 9/20/1943 n/a TS

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The highest category storm to affect Iberville Parish was Hurricane Andrew in late August 1992. The area received an average of 8.75 inches of rainfall and experienced peak gusts of approximately 90 knots (105 mph). The majority of wind damage in the parish was near White Castle and Bayou Goula. A total of $2.7 million in property damages and $10 million in crop damages were reported in the parish. $100,000 in damages was reported for Parish schools and White Castle High School lost its roof in the event. No injuries or deaths were reported. Below is a summary of structural damages.

Table 17: Hurricane Andrew and Summary of Destruction

Mobile Structural Damage Homes Apartments Homes Destroyed 9 22 - Major 55 27 2 Minor 313 618 7

Figure 7: Twenty-First Century Hurricane Damage 21

Mitigation Action Consideration Hurricane and tropical storm hazards are considered for mitigation actions because of the significant history and risk to residents and property.

21 Pielke and Landsea (1998); Chris Landsea, NOAA; National Hurricane Center http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/sourcebook/hurricanes/louisianahur.html

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Other Information: Roth, D. National Weather Service. Lake Charles Weather Forecast Office. Louisiana Hurricanes. 2003. Online. http://www.srh.noaa.gov/lch/research/lahur.htm

USGS Marine Fact Sheet. Hurricane Impacts on the Coastal Environment. 2003. Online. http://marine.usgs.gov/fact-sheets/hurricane/hurricane-txt.html

Entergy Louisiana. Hurricane Safety. 2003. Online. http://www.entergy-louisiana.com/LA/safety/watch.asp

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Levee Failures

Event Description Human made levees, such as those along the Mississippi River, are constructed to prevent flooding from high discharges on the river. Most levees are constructed of piles of dirt (rock and soil) with a concrete cover on the river side of the levee. Many levees were constructed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers following the devastating Mississippi River flooding in 1927. Failure of such levees can lead to flooding, either because discharge can become great enough to overtop the levees or the levees can become weakened and fail.

Classification Levees can fail for three main reasons. 1. Overtopping of levees: If high discharge in the river leads to a river stage that is higher than any point on a levee, the water will overtop the levee and start to flow onto the floodplain. Because the initial gradient from the river to flood plain is relatively high, the velocity of the stream as it overtops the levee will be high. High velocities can result in high rates of erosion, and thus the levee that is initially overtopped will soon become eroded and a channel through the levee will soon be created. 2. Undercutting and slumping of levee: Higher discharge in the river will lead to higher velocities with the stream trying to increase its width and depth. Higher velocities can lead to higher rates of erosion along the inner parts of levees and thus lead to undercutting and slumping of the levee into the river. Heavy rainfall or seepage into the levee from the river can increase fluid pressure in the levee and lead to slumping on the outer parts of the levee. If the slumps grow to the top of the levee, large sections of the levee may slump onto the floodplain and lower the elevation of the top of the levee, allowing it to be more easily overtopped. 3. Buildup of fluid pressure beneath levees: Increasing levels of water in the river will cause the water table in the levee to rise. This will also increase fluid pressure and may result in water being pushed through the levee to rise as springs on the surrounding flood plains. If a high rate of flow is developed due to the increased fluid pressures, then a high velocity pathway to the flood plain may develop and undermine the levee causing its collapse and failure.

Associated Hazards Table 18: Levee Failure and Associated Hazards

Contributing/Associate Short-Term Effects Long-Term Effects Factors Erosion/Subsidence Disruption of Utilities Disruption of Utilities Tropical Storms/Hurricanes Damage to Infrastructure Disease Outbreaks Heavy Rainfall Events Erosion/Subsidence

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Contributing/Associate Short-Term Effects Long-Term Effects Factors Transportation Accidents Injury/Death (Barge/Ship) Contamination of Water Flash Floods Supply Coastal Floods Property Damage Riverine Floods Crop/Agricultural Damage Earthquakes

Seasonality and Spatial Scale Although levee failures can occur at any time, these events are highly correlated with flooding, tropical storms, and hurricanes. No record of any Mississippi River levee failure or Atchafalaya Basin levee failure has been observed in Iberville Parish. However, should a Mississippi or Atchafalaya River levee failure occur, the potential for severe devastation includes the cities of Plaquemine, St. Gabriel, and White Castle, as these jurisdictions are located along the Mississippi River. In the event of a levee failure, these communities would be inundated.

Of greatest concern are local levees. These tend to be levees along flood-prone bayous and streams, and are ubiquitous in the Parish. These are designed to protect entire communities, subdivisions, and in some cases, single structures. The failure of these types of levees can be devastating to the immediate area meant to be protected by that levee. During Tropical Storm Allison in June 2001, the levees near Bayou Manchac failed in several locations, causing major flooding in St. Gabriel. Twenty-seven homes were flooded in Iberville Parish from the levee failure alone. Areas of greatest concern for local levee flooding are St. Gabriel, Bayou Sorrel, Rosedale, and Bayou Pigeon.

Mitigation Action Consideration Levee failure hazard mitigation actions are considered within the scope of flood hazard reduction.

Other Information Levees provide protection from hurricanes, tropical storms and flooding. They hold back moderate storm surges and reduce the energy of the discharge that flows into the protected area. However, leveed areas can suffer the greatest damages during an event. The densely populated areas behind levees are often the most difficult for emergency personnel to manage for a number of reasons: 1. People who live in levee-protected areas do not feel threatened and are therefore resistant to evacuation and do little to prepare for events. 2. These areas have few evacuation routes.

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3. Once flooded, the water has no way to retreat from the levee-protected area. This results in standing water in the areas for up to several weeks until the water can be pumped out.

Louisiana Levee District Police. 2004. Online. http://www.leveedistrictpolice.com/index.php

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Severe Storms

Event Description Severe storms are meteorological events that are associated with frontal or convective systems that produce any or all of the following phenomena: high winds, heavy rainfall, hail, lightning, tornadoes, or flash flooding. For the purposes of this plan, hail, high wind, and lightning are profiled under severe storms. Additionally, flash flooding and tornadoes are caused by severe storms. These are profiled separately.

Hail: Hail is a term used to describe precipitation of irregular lumps of ice. An individual unit of hail is called a hailstone. Hailstones begin as frozen raindrops or snow pellets within a thunderstorm.

Lightning: Lightning is transient, high-current electricity. The most common source of lightning is the electric charges separated in ordinary thunderstorm clouds.

Wind: Wind is air that is moving from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. Wind is often associated with severe weather events. Wind is the force to counterbalance imbalances in nature that includes, but is not limited to heat, pressure, and the distance in between them.

Classification Eighty severe storms have been reported by the NCDC from 1959 through 2003. The events included are multiple hazard events, or those that cannot be classified as one specific hazard type. Those events with damages resulting from one phenomenon (e.g., hail) are addressed in that specific profile.

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Monthly Frequency of Severe Storms in Iberville Parish 1959-2003

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 8: Iberville Parish Storm Frequency

Hail: Table 19: Hail Comparison Chart

Hail Size (Diameter) Description 0.25 inch Pea Size 0.50 inch Mothball Size 0.75 inch Penny Size 0.88 inch Nickel Size 1.00 inch Quarter Size 1.25 inch Half Dollar Size 1.50 inch Walnut or Ping Pong Ball Size 1.75 inch Golf Ball Size 2.00 inch Hen Egg Size 2.50 inch Tennis Ball Size 2.75 inch Baseball Size 3.00 inch Teacup Size 4.00 inch Grapefruit Size 4.50 inch Softball Size

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Large hail can dent automobiles, break windows, and destroy roofs. Even small hail can do considerable damage when accompanied by strong winds. Each year, farmers in the U.S. lose billions of dollars in crops due to hail damage.22

Lightning: There are several types of lightning that are common: ƒ In-cloud lightning extends from one charged region of a cloud to another ƒ Cloud-to-cloud lightning extends between two clouds ƒ Cloud-to-air lightning extends from a cloud to the air, not touching the ground ƒ Cloud-to-ground lightning stretches from a cloud to the ground

Wind: Table 20: Wind Speed Damage Matrix

Wind Speed (mph) Wind Speed (knots) Description <1 <1 Smoke rises vertically Direction of wind shown by 1–3 1–3 smoke drift 4–7 4–6 Wind felt on face 8–12 7–10 Wind extends light flag 13–18 11–16 Raises dust and loose paper 19–24 17–21 Small, leafy trees begin to sway 25–31 22–27 Large branches in motion Whole trees in motion; 32–38 28–33 inconvenience felt in walking against wind 39–46 34–40 Slight structural damage 47–54 41–47 Trees uprooted

Associated Hazards Table 21: Severe Storms and Associated Hazards

Contributing/Associated Short-Term Effects Factors Thunderstorm Disruption of Utilities Hurricanes/Tropical Storms Injury/ Death Heavy Rain Damage to Property/ Crops Tornadoes Flash Flooding

22 http://www.crh.noaa.gov/cys/svrwx/summer/hail.htm.

A-23 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Spatial and Temporal Scale Hail: Hail events coincide with severe storms, which are most common with the greater frontal activity of the spring. Hail events are also common in the summer with convective storms. Figure 9 presents the number of reported hail events for the period of record. Most reported events occurred in March (n=5), followed by January and April (n=3). The risk of damage from hail is relatively even across the Parish.

Number Reported Hail Events 1959-2003

6

5

4

3

2

1

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 9: Iberville Parish Reported Hail Events23

Lightning: Lightning events coincide with severe storms, which are most common in the spring with greater frontal activity. Also, lightning is common in the summer with convective storms. However, severe storms that produce lightning can occur at any time of year. Lightning risk is relatively even across the Parish.

Wind: High wind events can occur at any time of year in Iberville Parish. Seasonality tends to vary by the event causing the high winds. Winds caused by hurricanes are more common in late summer and autumn, while winds associated with frontal storms are more common in the winter and spring. Hurricane-related wind events may not be included in the table below. The risk of damage from high winds is equal across Iberville Parish.

23 NCDC Storm Data

A-24 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Monthly Distribution of High Wind Events in Iberville Parish 1959-2002

6

5

4

3

2

1

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 10: Iberville Parish High Wind Events by Month

History of Events in Iberville Parish Hail: Sixteen damaging hail events were reported for the period of record January 1959 through July 2003. Of these, no hailstones were reported larger than 1.75 inches in diameter (golf-ball size). No injuries or deaths were reported for the period of record, and most damages were unspecified. However, given the logarithmic dollar loss ranges reported by the NCDC, hail losses in the parish from 1959 to present are between $60,000 and $600,000. Given that only 5 events were reported prior to 1998, and eleven were reported after 1998, it is apparent that record-keeping for hail events has not been consistent throughout the period of record.

Lightning: Lightning risk is evenly distributed throughout the Parish, although reported losses are more likely in areas that are more densely populated. Since 1982, two deaths and one injury have been attributed to lightning in Iberville Parish. Also, $100,000 in damages has been reportedly caused by lightning for the same period of record. However, several other events caused damages, but no cost estimate was provided by the NCDC.

Wind: Specific loss data were available from January 1993 through July 2003. Thirty- nine reported events during this period produced four injuries and approximately $190,000 in property damages. The most recent severely damaging events occurred on December 31, 2002, when thunderstorm winds blew down several trees and power lines, damaged multiple roofs, and shifted one home from its foundation in Rosedale, causing approximately $50,000 in damages.

A-25 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Mitigation Action Consideration Severe storm hazards (hail, high wind, and lightning) are considered for mitigation actions because of the high frequency of losses related to these storms.

Other Information Hailstorms: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/mkx/flyers/flyerhail.htm

Hail Comparison Chart: http://www.srh.noaa.gov/tbw/skywarn/hail.html

“Hail–Ice from the Sky” http://www.crh.noaa.gov/cys/svrwx/summer/hail.htm

“Hail Detection Algorithm” http://nimbo.wrh.noaa.gov/wrhq/97TAs/TA9725/TA97-25.html

National Weather Association Policy Statement on Lightning Safety Education http://www.nwas.org/links/lightning.html

National Lightning Safety Institute http://www.lightningsafety.com/

Louisiana Red Cross – Thunderstorm http://www.louisianaredcross.org/disaster_thunderstorm.php

Against the Wind – Protecting Your Home from Hurricane Wind Damage www.nhc.noaa.gov/HAW2/pdf/against_the_wind.pdf

A-26 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Tornadoes

Event Description A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that extends to the ground from the base of a thunderstorm. Thunderstorms develop in warm, moist air in advance of eastward-moving cold fronts. These thunderstorms often produce large hail, strong winds, and tornadoes.

A vortex, or “funnel cloud”, becomes a tornado as soon as it reaches the ground. However, many more vortices never make it to the ground. Waterspouts are tornadoes over water. They frequently occur over warm water surfaces under convective clouds. When a waterspout reaches land, it becomes a tornado, but quickly dissipates. Tornadoes occasionally accompany tropical storms and hurricanes that move over land. Tornadoes are most common to the northeast quadrant of the storm.

Tornadoes are classified by the Fujita scale, in a scale from F0 to F5, which indicates how much damage is done by a tornado.

Classification Table 22: Tornado Damage Matrix

National F-Scale Winds (mph) Type of Damage Frequency Minimal Damage; Some damage to F0 40–72 chimneys, TV antennas, roof shingles, trees 29% and windows Moderate Damage; Automobiles overturned, F1 73–112 40% carports destroyed, trees uprooted Major Damage; Roofs blown off homes, F2 113–157 sheds and outbuildings demolished, mobile 24% homes overturned Severe Damage; Exterior walls and roofs blown off homes. Metal buildings collapsed F3 158–206 6% or severely damaged. Forests and farmland flattened. Devastating Damage; Few walls, if any, F4 207–260 standing in well-built homes. Large steel and 2% concrete missiles thrown far distances. Incredible Damage; Homes leveled. Schools, motels, and other larger structures F5 261–318 have considerable damage with exterior <1% walls and roofs gone. Top stories demolished.

A-27 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Associated Hazards

Table 23: Tornadoes and Associated Hazards

Contributing/Associated Long-Term Short-Term Effects Factors Effects Hail Disruption of Utilities Disruption of Utilities Flash Flooding Damage to Infrastructure Lightning Injury/Death Damaging Straight-Line Property and Crop Winds Losses

Seasonality Tornadoes are most common from March through July due to increased convective activity and also can be associated with tropical storms in the late summer, early autumn. However, it is important to note that tornadoes can and do occur at any time of year.

History of Tornadoes in Iberville Parish The central United States, including Louisiana, has experienced a greater amount of tornadoes than most other parts of the country. Warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico collides with cool, dry air, producing severe storms. In Louisiana, tornadoes are most common in the spring, and an average of 24-29 tornadoes occur per year.24 From 1950 through July 2003, 1,583 tornadoes have been reported in Louisiana. Of these, 1159 caused property damage, and 52 caused at least 1 death. In total, 149 deaths have been attributed to tornadoes from January 1950 through July 2003. Table 24: Reported Tornado Matrix

Magnitude LA Iberville Funnels 56 5 Reported F0 352 2 F1 724 4 F2 299 2 F3 132 1 F4 18 0 F5 2 0

24 State of Louisiana Hazard Mitigation Plan: Hazard Profiles. 2003. Online.

A-28 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Table 25: Reported Tornadoes by Month

Tornadoes Reported Per Month - - - - 4 5 - 2 1 2 - 1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Nine damaging tornadoes have been reported in Iberville Parish from January 1950 through July 2003. In addition, 5 funnels have been spotted and consequently reported during the same time. The nine tornadoes produced $2,673,000 in property damages. No crop damages were reported. Most of these dollar losses were from one event, the June 8, 1989 tornado (F2) in Grosse Tete. This tornado had a 5 mile long, 77 yards wide path that devastated much of the Grosse Tete area. Also, the same tornado caused both of the reported deaths and all but two of the reported injuries. A second tornado spawned from the same storm caused $25,000 in damages two miles west of Plaquemine. Tornado risk is relatively even across Iberville Parish.

Table 26: Tornado Damage Matrix

Date F-Scale Deaths Injuries Propery ($) Location 8/29/1954 F1 0 0 25,000 White Castle 6/6/1962 Funnel 0 0 0 . 6/25/1962 Funnel 0 0 0 . 10/8/1962 F0 0 0 3,000 Maringouin 5/26/1965 Funnel 0 0 0 . 5/1/1967 F2 0 1 25,000 Bayou Pigeon 12/25/1969 Bayou Sorrel, F3 0 1 25,000 Bayou Goula, White Castle 9/16/1971 F1 0 0 0 Bayou Sorrel 5/12/1972 F2 0 0 25,000 Bayou Sorrel 6/8/1989 F2 2 30 2,500,000 Grosse Tete 6/8/1989 2 mi W F1 0 0 25,000 Plaquemine 8/26/1992 F1 0 0 25,000 Indian Village 5/24/1997 F0 0 0 20,000 White Castle 6/6/1997 Funnel 0 0 0 Plaquemine 10/6/1998 Funnel 0 0 0 Ramah TOTAL --- 2 32 2,673,000

A-29 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Mitigation Action Consideration Tornado hazards (hail, high wind, and lightning) are considered for mitigation actions because of the high frequency and magnitude of losses.

Other Information Federal Emergency Management Agency. Tornadoes. 2003. Online. http://www.fema.gov/hazards/tornadoes/

National Severe Storms Laboratory. Tornadoes. 2003. Online. http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/researchitems/tornadoes.shtml

A-30 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Human-Caused Hazards For the purpose of this plan, human-caused hazards are technological hazards and terrorism. These are distinct from natural hazards in that they originate from human activity. In contrast, while the risks presented by natural hazards may be increased or decreased as a result of human activity, they are not inherently human-induced.

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Land Use Class

No Class

Residential

Commercial

Industrial

Transportation

Other Urban

Agriculture

Deciduous Forest

Water

Forested Wetland

Nonforested Wetland Mines 05102.5 Miles Transitional Areas ¯

Figure 11: Land Use Map

Technological Hazards The term “technological hazard” refers to the origins of incidents that can arise from human activities such as the manufacture, transportation, storage, and use of hazardous materials. For the sake of simplicity, this guide assumes that technological emergencies are accidental and that their consequences are unintended.

The event types categorized as technological hazards are as follows: ƒ Industrial fixed facility accident ƒ Industrial transportation accident ƒ Failure of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system or other critical infrastructure component

A-31 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Industrial Fixed Facility and Transportation Hazardous Material Accident Hazardous materials are chemical substances, which, if released or misused, can pose a threat to health, property, or the environment. These chemicals are used in industry, agriculture, medicine, research, and consumer goods. Hazardous materials come in the form of explosives, flammable and combustible substances, poisons, and radioactive materials. These substances are most often released as a result of transportation accidents or because of chemical accidents in plants

Hazardous materials accidents have occurred along transportation routes and in fixed facilities. Hazardous material events may be spills, fires, or explosions. Hazardous materials commodity flow reports provide hazardous materials information for major transportation routes and rail roads. The Emergency Response Guidebook is used by first responders during the initial phase of a hazardous materials event. Fixed facilities are required to report hazardous materials they store at certain levels to State and local authorities on a Tier II Report on an annual basis. Many fixed facilities store extremely hazardous substances and some are required to have a community emergency plan. The community emergency plans will indicate emergency response actions that should take place if an event occurs.

The Environmental Protection Agency’s List of Lists provides a chart that shows the requirements for reporting and planning for a hazardous materials accident. The List of Lists chart also contains information about reportable quantities of hazardous materials that must be reported to the National Response Center and to State and local authorities as mandated by State and local laws. Federal, State, and local laws may also require additional reporting for specific materials not found in the List of Lists or for specific situations. One of the most common situations that meet these additional reporting requirements is spills into waterways or spills that threaten waterways.

Finally there are uncategorized events such as spills, fires, or explosions that could escalate into a major release. These events are usually characterized by accidents that require some action to be taken to return to normal operations, such as a train derailment that requires the recovery of tank cars that contain hazardous materials. In addition to a recovery plan and a site safety plan, emergency officials should consider a precautionary evacuation or other protective action by the public prior to the recovery operation because the likelihood of an accident will be increased while recovering the tank cars. Hence, public officials should evaluate possible consequences. The areas of greatest risk in Iberville Parish are highlighted in red in Figure 11.

Terrorism

Intentional Hazardous Material Release Hazardous materials incidents are intentional releases of a hazardous substance along transportation routes and in fixed facilities. Hazardous material events may

A-32 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

be spills, fires, or explosions. Sabotage and malicious destruction are deliberate acts or results of an event rising from ill will or hatred that causes disruption, damage or destruction of property and appears to wish evil to others.

In recent years, it has become increasingly difficult to differentiate acts of terrorism from acts of vandalism, especially as the level of activity undertaken by animal rights and environmental extremists has grown in intensity and scope. The FBI has traditionally applied a conservative interpretation of the U.S. Code when designating acts as either terrorist incidents or suspected terrorist incidents. While the uniform application of this standard has provided an accurate and consistent picture of the terrorist threat confronting the United States throughout the past several decades, it has also meant that some activities committed by extremists and investigated by the FBI have not been formally designated as terrorism. The totality of the extremist threat to communities around the nation and to the United States in general, however, includes such activities as the after-hours firebombing of U.S. Forest Ranger stations, the setting of small-scale arson fires at retail establishments, and the unlawful release of animals from farms and research laboratories.25

Mitigation Action Consideration Human-caused hazards are considered for mitigation actions because public input placed a high priority on human-caused hazards, specifically hazardous materials releases.

25 Terrorism in the United States 1999, 30 Years of Terrorism, A special Retrospective Edition, FBI Counterterrorism threat assessment and Warning Unit Counterterrorism division, 1999

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A-34 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Appendix B: Risk Estimate

Table 27 represents loss estimates as analyzed via HAZUS-MH, a GIS-based loss estimation tool. It is to be noted that building counts from the U.S. Census and HAZUS-MH are not the same. The HAZUS-MH data were used for the assessment.

Table 27: Risk Estimate by Structure Type for Flooding Hazards in Iberville Parish

Building Building Square Building Content Total Building Type Specific Building Type Count Count Footage+ Exposure+ Exposure+ Exposure+ Source* HAZUS-MH Census HAZUS-MH HAZUS-MH HAZUS-MH HAZUS-MH HAZUS-MH RESIDENTIAL RES1 Single Family Dwelling 8540 9276 1600 $1,263,011 $631,499 $1,894,510 RES2 Mobile Home 2667 2629 1063 $87,394 $43,665 $131,059 RES3A Multi-Family - Duplex 205 53 3000 $21,032 $10,528 $31,560 RES3B Multi-Family - 3-4 Units 187 10 3000 $10,316 $5,141 $15,457 RES3C Multi-Family - 5-9 Units 187 2 8000 $18,956 $9,459 $28,415 RES3D Multi-Family - 10-19 Units 42 0 12000 $3,598 $1,778 $5,376 RES3E Multi-Family - 20-49 Units 70 0 40000 $5,354 $2,683 $8,037 RES3F Multi-Family - 50+ Units ** 0 60000 $0 $0 $0 RES4 Temporary Lodging 55 0 135000 $0 $0 $0 RES5 Institutional Dormitory ** 19 25000 $57,959 $28,981 $86,940 RES6 Nursing Home ** 0 25000 $0 $0 $0 Total 11953 11989 313663 $1,467,620 $733,734 $2,201,354 COMMERCIAL COM1 Retail Trade 100 0 110000 $48,540 $48,540 $97,080

B-1 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

COM2 Wholesale Trade 27 2 30000 $7,434 $7,434 $14,868 COM3 Personal and Repair Services 25 5 10000 $10,913 $10,913 $21,826 Professional and Tech. COM4 Services 57 0 80000 $10,723 $10,723 $21,446 COM5 Banks/Depository Institutions 33 15 4100 $9,129 $9,129 $18,258 COM6 Hospital 1 0 55000 $0 $0 $0 COM7 Medical Office/Clinic 50 3 7000 $4,272 $6,408 $10,680 COM8 Entertainment/Recreation 1 15 5000 $11,950 $11,950 $23,900 COM9 Theaters 0 0 12000 $317 $317 $634 COM10 Parking ** 0 145000 $0 $0 $0 Total 294 40 458100 $103,278 $105,414 $208,692 INDUSTRIAL IND1 Heavy Industrial 39 3 30000 $5,389 $8,083 $13,472 IND2 Light Industrial ** 0 30000 $475 $713 $1,188 IND3 Food/Drugs/Chemicals 15 8 45000 $45,509 $68,265 $113,774 IND4 Metals/Minerals Processing 9 0 45000 $1,183 $1,774 $2,957 IND5 High Technology ** 0 45000 $0 $0 $0 IND6 Construction 32 2 30000 $7,696 $7,696 $15,392 Total 95 13 225000 $60,252 $86,531 $146,783 AGRICULTURE AGR1 Agriculture 1 0 30000 $2,020 $2,020 $4,040 RELIGION REL1 Church 81 3 17000 $12,659 $12,659 $25,318 GOV1 General Services 12 8 11000 $10,646 $10,646 $21,292

B-2 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

GOV2 Emergency Response 26 2 11000 $3,062 $4,594 $7,656 Total 38 10 22000 $13,708 $15,240 $28,948 EDUCATION EDU1 Grade Schools 13 0 130000 0 0 0 EDU2 Colleges/Universities 1 0 50000 0 0 0 Total 14 0 180000 0 0 0 TOTAL 12476 12055 1245763 1659537 955598 2615135 *The assessment was created using HAZUS-MH default data for a Level 1 analysis Additional data were gathered from the Economic Census, 1997 and the US Census, 2000. **Building Counts were not available for all variables +Square footage and valuation data in thousands.

B-3 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Table 28: Critical Facilities and Infrastructure

Iberville Parish Location Data Name Address City Zip Phone ESSENTIAL FACILITIES Hospitals River West 59355 Riverwest Dr Plaquemine 70764 225-687-9222 Medical Center

Sheriff and Police Stations and Sub-stations Iberville Sheriff's Office (Courthouse) 58050 Meriam St. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-5100 Iberville Sheriff's Office (Jail) 59605 Bayou Rd. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-3553 Auxiliary Building 59605R Bayou Road Plaquemine 70764 Iberville Parish Substation East Iberville 2085 Hwy. 30 St. Gabriel 70776 225-642-5703 Iberville Parish Sheriff Sub Station Maringouin 77175 Ridgewood Dr Maringouin 70757 225-625-2365 Grosse Tete Police Dept. (*town hall) 18125 Willow St. Grosse Tete 70740 225-648-2131 Plaquemine (City of) Police Department 23540 Railroad Ave Plaquemine 70764 225-687-9273 St Gabriel Police Dept (*city hall) 5054 Iberville St Saint Gabriel 70776 225-642-5222 White Castle (Town of) Police Dept. (*town hall) 32535 Bowie St White Castle 70788 225-545-2484 Rosedale Police Dept. (*town hall) 76535 Rosedale Rd. Rosedale 70772 225-648-2333 Maringouin Police 77180 Ridgewood Dr Maringouin 70757 Dept.

Fire Stations Bayou Blue 22525 Hwy 386 Grosse Tete 70740 225-648-2760

B-4 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Volunteer Fire Dept Bayou Goula Fire Dept 56700 Cpl Hrmn Brwn Jr White Castle 70788 225-545-2999 Bayou Pigeon Fire Dept. 38305 Hwy. 75 Plaquemine 70764 225-545-3808 Bayou Sorrel Fire Department 33175 Highway 75 Plaquemine 70764 225-659-1004 East Iberville Fire Station 2075 Hwy 30 St. Gabriel 70776 225-642-9980 Grosse Tete Fire Dept. P.O. Box 68 Grosse Tete 70740 225-648-2131 Intracoastal Fire Station 27550 Intracoastal Road Plaquemine 70764 Maringouin Fire Station 1 10660 2nd St. Maringouin 70757 225-625-2788 Maringouin Fire Station 2 11165 Bayou Road Maringouin 70757 225-625-2788 Plaquemine Fire Dept. 58165 Meriam St. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-7335 Rosedale Fire Dept 76535 La Hwy 76 Rosedale 70772 225-648-2804 St. Gabriel Fire Station 4405 Hwy 75 St. Gabriel 70776 Sunshine Fire Station 1505 Hwy 75 Sunshine 70780 White Castle Fire Dept 32535 Bowie St White Castle 70788-2503 225-545-9214 White Castle Fire Substation 57660 Hwy 404 White Castle 70788

Emergency Operations and Dispatch Centers Emergency Operations Center 58030 Meriam St. Plaquemine 70764

Evacuation Shelters Plaquemine High 59595 Belleview Rd Plaquemine 70764 225-687-6367 School White Castle High 32695 Graham St White Castle 70788 225-545-3825 School East Iberville 3825 Hwy 75 St Gabriel 70780 225-642-5476

B-5 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Elementary & High School St. Gabriel Town 5054 Iberville St St Gabriel 70721 225-642-8358 Hall Iberville Parish 24700 J Gerald Berret Plaquemine 70764 225-687-0641 Civic Center Blvd North Iberville Elementary & High 13770 Hwy 77 Rosedale 70772 225-625-2523 School

Schools Crescent Elementary & Junior High School 62575 Bayou Rd Plaquemine 70764-5944 225-545-3968 Dorseyville Elementary School 31505 Highway 1 White Castle 70788-3628 225-545-3805 East Iberville Elementary & High School 3285 Highway 75 Saint Gabriel 70776-4409 225-642-0032 Edward J Gay Middle School 57955 Saint Louis Rd Plaquemine 70764-6624 225-687-6845 Iberville Elementary School Office 58650 Iron Farm Rd Plaquemine 70764-3099 225-687-2217 Iberville Parish Of School Board Office 58030 Plaquemine St. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-4341 Iberville Parish Of School Board Optional Education 58060 Plaquemine St Plaquemine 70764-2731 225-687-7066 North Iberville Elementary & High 13770 Hwy 77 School Rosedale 70772 225-625-2523 Plaquemine Christian School 25125 Gasper St Plaquemine 70764-4314 225-687-9809 Plaquemine High School 59595 Belleview Dr Plaquemine 70764-6500 225-687-4422 St John The Evangelist Elementary School 58645 Saint Clement Ave Plaquemine 70764-3533 225-687-6616 St John The Evangelist High School 24250 Regina St Plaquemine 70764-3554 225-687-3056 White Castle High School Office 32695 Graham St White Castle 70788-2211 225-545-3621

B-6 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

VULNERABLE POPULATIONS Nursing Homes/Assisted Living Facilities Plaquemine Manor Nursing Home 24320 Ferdinand St Plaquemine 70764-3634 225-687-3428 Plaquemine 59215 Riverwest Dr. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-0240 Caring

OTHER IMPORTANT FACILITIES Town Halls Plaquemine City Hall 23640 Railroad Ave Plaquemine 70764 White Castle Town Hall 32535 Bowie St. White Castle 70788 Maringouin Town Hall 77510 Landry Maringouin 70757 225-625-2630 Rosedale Town Hall 76535 Rosedale Rd Rosedale 70772 Grosse Tete Town Hall 18125 Willow St Grosse Tete 70740 St. Gabriel Town Hall 5054 Iberville St St. Gabriel 70721

Parish Courthouse Iberville Parish 58050 Meriam St. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-5190 Courthouse Plaquemine 23640 Railroad Ave. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-3116 Courthouse

Public Works Health Unit 58300 Meriam Plaquemine 70764 Garage Shop & Office 24960 Hwy 1 Plaquemine 70764 Warehouse 24970 Hwy 1 Plaquemine 70764 Maintenance and Office Building (Barn) 59705A Bayou Road Plaquemine 70764

B-7 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Car Wash and Paint Shop 59705B Bayou Road Plaquemine 70764 Warehouse/Works hop 59705C Bayou Road Plaquemine 70764 Utilities Department 59805 Bayou Road Plaquemine 70764 Animal Shelter 59815 Bayou Road Plaquemine 70764

Jails/Prisons Iberville Parish Sheriffs Department Jail 57605 Bayou Rd Plaquemine 70764 225-687-3553 Iberville Parish Sheriffs Dept. Juvenile Div 58050 Meriam St. Plaquemine 70764 225-687-5137 Elaine Hunt Correctional 6925 Hwy. 74 St. Gabriel 70776 225-642-3306 Institute LA Correctional Institute for 7205 Hwy. 74 St. Gabriel 70776 225-642-5529 Women

Post Offices Plaquemine Post 58015 Canal St. Plaquemine 70764 687-2282 Office White Castle Post 32495 Leona Ave White Castle 70788 545-8477 Office Grosse Tete Post 18015 Willow St Grosse Tete 70740 648-2313 Office St. Gabriel Post 2135 Besson Ln Sunshine 70780 642-8468 Office #1 Maringouin Post 77330 Landry St Maringouin 70757 625-2123 Office St. Gabriel Post 5715 Hwy 75 Carville 70721 642-8589 Office #3 St Gabriel Post 6080 Hwy 74 St. Gabriel 70776 642-5608 Office #2 Rosedale Post 15600 Hwy 77 Rosedale 70772 648-2560 Office

LIFELINE UTILITY SYSTEMS Drinking Water

B-8 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Water District #3 65200 Belleview Rd Plaquemine 70764 659-2122 (wells and towers) Water District #4 65200 Belleview Rd Plaquemine 70764 659-2122 (wells and towers)

Wastewater Plaquemine Sewer Treatment Plant White Castle Sewer Treatment Plant Maringouin Sewer Treatment Plant

Natural Gas Southern Natural 33480 Hwy 405 White Castle 70788 225-545-2569 Gas

Electric Power Entergy--Willow St. Gabriel Glen Plaquemine 59335 WW Harleaux Plaquemine 70764 687-9424 Steam Plant

HIGH POTENTIAL LOSS FACILITIES Locks Bayou Sorrel Locks Bayou Sorrel Plaquemine Lock Plaquemine

Levees Mississippi River Levees Atchafalaya River Levees

Military Installations Gillis Long 5445 Point Clair Rd. Carville 70721 225-319-4614

B-9 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

TRANSPORTATI ON SYSTEMS Highways Interstate 10 LA Hwy 1 LA Hwy 30 LA Hwy 69 LA Hwy 75 LA Hwy 76 LA Hwy 77 LA Hwy 404 LA Hwy 405 LA Hwy 991 LA Hwy 3066 Bayou Plaquemine Plaquemine 70764 Bridge Indian Village Plaquemine 70764 Bridge Grosse Tete 64145 Hwy 77 Plaquemine 70764 659-1487 Bridge Bayou Sorrel 33500 Hwy 75 Bayou Sorrel 70764 659-1484 Bridge Bayou Pigeon 39300 Hwy 75 Bayou Pigeon 70764 545-9204 Bridge Plaquemine Ferry Plaquemine 70764 White Castle Ferry White Castle 70788

Railways Union Pacific Canadian National (IL-Central) Bayou Plaquemine Plaquemine 70764 Train Bridge

Waterways Mississippi River Intracoastal Waterway

B-10 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Table 29: Critical Facilities and Infrastructure

Iberville Parish Hazard Information Name Flood Wind Hazardous Materials Sq Ft Replace $ Fixed Severe Hurricane/TS Facility Water Rail Road Storm ESSENTIAL FACILITIES Hospitals River West Medical Center . x x . . x x 75000 $65,000,000

Sheriff and Police Stations and Sub- stations Iberville Sheriff's Office (Courthouse) . x x x x x x 70000 $9,950,000 Iberville Sheriff's Office (Jail) . x x . . x x 16500 $3,295,000 Auxiliary Building . x x . . x x 7500 $298,000 Iberville Parish Substation East Iberville . x x . x x x 1234 $92,500 Iberville Parish Sheriff Sub Station Maringouin . x . . x x x 1230 $92,500 Grosse Tete Police Dept. (*town hall) . x . . x x x 3000 $200,000 Plaquemine (City of) Police Department . x x x x x x 6000 $700,000 St Gabriel Police Dept (*city hall) x x x . x x x n/a n/a White Castle (Town of) Police Dept. (*town hall) . x . x x x x 4500 $243,000 Rosedale Police Dept. (*town hall) . x . . . x x 2415 $210,000 Maringouin Police Dept. . x . . x x x n/a n/a

Fire Stations Bayou Blue Volunteer Fire Dept x x . . . . x 5822 $165,000 Bayou Goula Fire Dept . x . . . x x 2362 $73,000 Bayou Pigeon Fire Dept. x x . x . . x 1500 $47,000 Bayou Sorrel Fire Department . x . x . x x 1535 $50,000

B-11 Iberville Parish Hazard Mitigation Plan

Iberville Parish Hazard Information Name Flood Wind Hazardous Materials Sq Ft Replace $ Fixed Severe Hurricane/TS Facility Water Rail Road Storm East Iberville Fire Station . x x . x x x 2075 $150,000 Grosse Tete Fire Dept. . x . . x 24000 $150,000 Intracoastal Fire Station . x . x . x x 3042 $114,000 Maringouin Fire Station 1 . x . . x x 1846 $100,000 Maringouin Fire Station 2 x x . . x 3000 $200,000 Plaquemine Fire Dept. . x . x n/a n/a Rosedale Fire Dept . x . x 32000 $230,000 St. Gabriel Fire Station . x x x x 972 $24,000 Sunshine Fire Station x x x x 1218 $33,000 White Castle Fire Dept x x x x 4500 $243,000 White Castle Fire Substation x x x x 3055 $96,000

Emergency Operations and Dispatch Centers Emergency Operations Center . x x x x x x 5758 $422,000

Evacuation Shelters Plaquemine High School . x x . . x x 166480 $9,000,000 White Castle High x School . . . x x x 70840 $5,800,000 East Iberville Elementary x & High School . x x . x x 118000 $700,000 St. Gabriel Town Hall x x x . x x x n/a n/a Iberville Parish Civic . x x . . x Center x 22320 $1,350,000 North Iberville Elementary & High x School . . . x x x 161281 $600,000

Schools Crescent Elementary & x Junior High School . x . . x x 85500 $2,800,000 Dorseyville Elementary x School x . x x x x 58221 $3,980,000

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Iberville Parish Hazard Information Name Flood Wind Hazardous Materials Sq Ft Replace $ Fixed Severe Hurricane/TS Facility Water Rail Road Storm East Iberville Elementary x & High School . x x . x x 118000 $7,000,000 Edward J Gay Middle x School . x . x x x 108000 $5,200,000 Iberville Elementary x School Office . x . x x x 85160 $4,000,000 Iberville Parish Of School x Board Office . x x x x x 17234 $2,000,000 Iberville Parish Of School Board Optional x Education . x x x x x 4800 $2,600,000 North Iberville Elementary & High x School . . . x x x 161281 $6,000,000 Plaquemine Christian x School . x . x x x 3600 $108,000 Plaquemine High School . x x . . x x 166480 $9,000,000 St John The Evangelist x Elementary School . x . x x x n/a n/a St John The Evangelist x High School . x . x x x n/a n/a White Castle High x School Office . . . x x x 70840 $5,800,000

VULNERABLE POPULATIONS Nursing Homes/Assisted Living Facilities Plaquemine Manor Nursing Home . x x . x x x n/a n/a $ Plaquemine Caring . x x . . x x 30000 6,500,000

OTHER IMPORTANT FACILITIES Town Halls Plaquemine City Hall . x x x x x x 21900 $310,000 White Castle Town Hall . x . . x x x 4500 $243,000

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Iberville Parish Hazard Information Name Flood Wind Hazardous Materials Sq Ft Replace $ Fixed Severe Hurricane/TS Facility Water Rail Road Storm Maringouin Town Hall . x . . x x x 1800 $100,000 Rosedale Town Hall . x . . . x x 2415 $210,000 Grosse Tete Town Hall . x . . x x x 3000 $200,000 St. Gabriel Town Hall x x x . x x x n/a n/a

Parish Courthouse Iberville Parish Courthouse . x x x x x x Plaquemine Courthouse . x x x x x x

Public Works Health Unit . x x . x x x 4275 $300,000 Garage Shop & Office . x x x x x x 4175 $55,000 Warehouse . x x x x x x 3385 $47,000 Maintenance and Office $360,000 Building (Barn) . x x x x x x 14516 Car Wash and Paint $88,000 Shop . x x x x x x 2500 Warehouse/Workshop . x x x x x x 10678 $435,000 Utilities Department . x x x x x x 4000 $205,000 Animal Shelter . x x x x x x 869 $245,000

Jails/Prisons Iberville Parish Sheriffs Department Jail . x x . . x x 16500 $3,295,000 Iberville Parish Sheriffs Dept. Juvenile Div . x x x x x x Elaine Hunt Correctional Institute . x x . . x x 800000 $85,000,000 LA Correctional Institute for Women . x x . . . x n/a n/a

Post Offices Plaquemine Post Office . x x . x x x n/a n/a White Castle Post Office . x . x x x x n/a n/a

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Iberville Parish Hazard Information Name Flood Wind Hazardous Materials Sq Ft Replace $ Fixed Severe Hurricane/TS Facility Water Rail Road Storm Grosse Tete Post Office . x . . x x x n/a n/a St. Gabriel Post Office #1 . x x x . x x n/a n/a Maringouin Post Office . x . . x x x n/a n/a St. Gabriel Post Office #3 . x x . . x x n/a n/a St Gabriel Post Office #2 . x x . x x x n/a n/a Rosedale Post Office . x . . . x x n/a n/a

LIFELINE UTILITY SYSTEMS Drinking Water Water District #3 (wells and towers) . x . . . . x n/a $740,000 Water District #4 (wells and towers) . x . . . . x n/a $565,000

Wastewater Plaquemine Sewer Treatment Plant n/a x n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a White Castle Sewer Treatment Plant n/a x n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Maringouin Sewer Treatment Plant n/a x n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

Natural Gas Southern Natural Gas n/a x n/a n/a n/a n/a x n/a n/a

Electric Power Entergy--Willow Glen n/a x n/a n/a n/a n/a x n/a n/a Plaquemine Steam Plant n/a x n/a n/a n/a n/a x n/a n/a

HIGH POTENTIAL LOSS FACILITIES Locks Bayou Sorrel Locks x . . x . . x n/a n/a Plaquemine Lock x . . x x . . n/a n/a

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Iberville Parish Hazard Information Name Flood Wind Hazardous Materials Sq Ft Replace $ Fixed Severe Hurricane/TS Facility Water Rail Road Storm

Levees Mississippi River Levees x . . x x . . n/a n/a Atchafalaya River Levees x . . x x . . n/a n/a

Military Installations Gillis Long x x x x . . x n/a n/a

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Appendix C: Public Input

Public Meeting Summary November 2003 Bayou Pigeon/Bayou Sorrel: ƒ Flooding ƒ Intracoastal Waterway Traffic ƒ Erosion ƒ Shelter ƒ Evacuation

Grosse Tete: ƒ Hazardous Material Accidents (Transportation) ƒ Shelter

Maringouin: ƒ Railroad (Hazardous Materials and Derailment) ƒ Communications ƒ Power Outages ƒ Flooding ƒ Shelter

Plaquemine: ƒ Railroad ƒ Mississippi River Traffic ƒ Flooding ƒ Safety of Levees and Locks

Rosedale: ƒ Severe Storms ƒ Potential Levee Failure ƒ Hazardous Material Accidents (Transportation)

St. Gabriel: ƒ Flooding ƒ Railroad

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ƒ Mississippi River Traffic

White Castle: ƒ Flooding ƒ Railroad ƒ Shelter ƒ Evacuation/Transportation Issues

Bayou Sorrel/Bayou Pigeon Public Meeting November 17, 2003, 6:30 pm

St. Joan of Arc Catholic Church 39315 LA Hwy. 75 Plaquemine, LA 70764

Attendees: IEM Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis IEM Emergency Management Specialist – Donald Broughton IEM Technical Writer – Brock Hamlin Bayou Sorrel Fire Chief – Chris Rivet Bayou Sorrel Resident – Paige Rivet

Pre-Meeting Planning: The Iberville Parish Office of Emergency Preparedness Director, Laurie Doiron, arranged for a public meeting in Bayou Pigeon in order to acquire public input from residents in the southwestern section of the parish. Bayou Pigeon Fire Chief, Arthur Blanchard, was unable to attend.

Meeting: M. Bartis provided background information about the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. C. Rivet, a member of the steering committee received minutes from the previous meeting, a description of work that has been completed on the project, and approximately 40 mitigation planning brochures. Bartis requested input regarding the types of hazards that most often cause losses to life, property, and the environment in the Bayou Pigeon and Bayou Sorrel areas.

Public Input: (All comments are from C. Rivet unless otherwise noted.) Background: Special populations -Native American Tribe (approximately 30 members) in Bayou Sorrel -Most of the land in the Bayou Sorrel area is leased.

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Flooding: While the River/Bayou causes flooding approximately once per year, most of the flooding problems are related to drainage.

Bayou Pigeon is on higher ground than Bayou Sorrel, so it floods less frequently. Evacuation route – levee road that runs from Sorrel to Ramah along Bayou Plaquemine is 1-car wide and gravel.

LA S.R. 3066 between Bayou Sorrel and Indian Village has been unusable for 10- 12 years because the road has caved in due to flooding.

There is one stream gage in the region and it is located on Grand River at the Lock in Bayou Sorrel.

Bayou Sorrel has the most extensive flooding problems in the region. Most residents do not have flood insurance. In fact, most residents cannot afford homeowner’s insurance. A small levee (approximately 4’) runs from Bayou Sorrel to Bayou Pigeon. The levee is often breached during high water events. Flood waters tend to stay for a long time, as there are drainage problems (e.g., soil type and lack of topographic change).

Intracoastal Waterway Traffic: Intracoastal Waterway traffic tends to flow through Bayou Sorrel, but is diverted to the Atchafalaya Basin at the Bayou Sorrel Locks. Barge traffic is not present in the Bayou Pigeon area. The traffic is a concern to residents in the region for several reasons: 1) Hazardous Material Accidents; 2) Boats exacerbate flooding problems in area. Also, it is very difficult to stop barge traffic during flood conditions (it may be advised, but the owners of these companies do not appear to be concerned.); 3) Boat traffic (large boats/barges) increases waves and water height causing increased erosion. 4) The waterway is not large enough to handle the traffic. Two barges are longer than the Grand River is wide.

On average, about 6 major hazardous material accidents on the waterways in the Sorrel/Pigeon areas occur each year. C. Rivet reports having seen diesel slicks 2-3 miles long on Grand River.

Erosion: The strip of land between Hwy. 75 and the Intracoastal Waterway is eroding very quickly. As much as 30 feet of land has been lost in as many years due to erosion.

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The USACE came and tried to fix the erosion problem several (unsure of amount of time) years ago.

Shelter: The nearest emergency shelters are located in Plaquemine. P. Rivet noted that Crescent school has been used for shelter (e.g., Hurricane Lili), but it is not an official shelter location. Also, during high wind events (e.g., tornadoes), people will often go to a church. Many of the residences in the Pigeon/Sorrel region are mobile homes or pre-fabricated structures. C. Rivet reported that there are no tornado sirens in the area.

Village of Grosse Tete Public Meeting November 13, 2003 6:00 pm

Village of Grosse Tete – City Hall 18125 Willow Street Grosse Tete, LA 70740 Phone: 648-2131

IEM Staff in Attendance: Project Manager – Craig Walling Task Lead – Gary Scronce Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis

Pre-Meeting Planning: M. Bartis arranged for IEM staff and Iberville Office of Emergency Preparedness staff to be on the agenda for the town meeting in Grosse Tete, LA on November 13, 2003. M. Bartis prepared information packets for alderpersons and mayor to provide background on mitigation planning and the process with which it will be drafted for Iberville Parish. These packets were mailed to the alderpersons and mayor by the Iberville Parish OEP.

Meeting: C. Walling delivered a brief presentation to Mayor Phillip Sarullo, alderpersons, and public in attendance (10) outlining the basic tenets of the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. He addressed the definition of mitigation, federal requirements under DMA 2000, and the types of hazards that will be assessed as part of the plan. The Iberville Parish mitigation brochure for homeowners was distributed to alderpersons, town clerk, town lawyer, and the public. Extra copies were placed in the town hall public information box.

C. Walling asked the public to provide input regarding specific hazard concerns, specific structures and areas of concern within Grosse Tete, and specific instances where they had personally been affected by a disaster.

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Public Input: Transportation accidents (Hazardous Materials) were the first concern voiced by the public. Interstate 10, Hwy 77, and the railroad are the main routes of concern. In reference to the trains, it was noted that there is a great deal of “siding” in Grosse Tete.

The public was not very concerned about the vulnerability of their communications tower because it is a state police tower.

Sheltering was a main area of concern. Grosse Tete residents formerly used the North Iberville School as a shelter. However, during the last event that required shelter, residents had to travel to Livonia, Point Coupee Parish. This creates a concern for residents because the distance to shelters is great. Alderperson Hill stated that she had been trained to operate a shelter, but that was many years ago. She voiced the need for training for public officials to operate a shelter.

Town of Maringouin Public Meeting November 3, 2003, 6:00 pm

Maringouin Town Hall 77510 Landry Street Maringouin, LA 70757

IEM Staff in Attendance: Project Manager – Craig Walling PGM, Task Lead – Gary Scronce Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis

Pre-Meeting Planning: M. Bartis arranged for IEM staff and Iberville Office of Emergency Preparedness staff to be on the agenda for the town meeting in Maringouin, LA on November 3, 2003.

M. Bartis prepared information packets for council members and mayor to provide background on mitigation planning and the process with which it will be drafted for Iberville Parish.

Meeting: C. Walling delivered a brief presentation to Mayor John Overton, Sr., councilpersons, and public in attendance outlining the basic tenets of the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. He addressed the definition of mitigation, federal requirements under DMA 2000, and the types of hazards that will be assessed as part of the plan. The Iberville Parish mitigation brochure for homeowners was distributed to Mayor Overton, councilpersons, and the public.

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C. Walling asked the public to provide input regarding specific hazard concerns, specific structures and areas of concern within Maringouin, and specific instances where they had personally been affected by a disaster.

Public Input: The hazard of greatest concern to Maringouin residents is the railroad, specifically, possible chemical releases and derailments. The rail lines intersect the major roads through the town, and trains often sit at these intersections for long periods of time (15 – 20 minutes). The Union Pacific rail yard is located in Livonia, Point Coupee Parish, and is approximately 2-3 miles north of Maringouin. With regard to the potential chemical hazards, Alderman Anderson raised the issue of safe zones (sheltering) in the event of a derailment resulting in a chemical release. The issue of notification to the Town by Union Pacific in the event of a derailment or release was raised as there were recently two derailments that occurred in the yard with no notification to either Livonia or Maringouin as UP cited no release had occurred.

The public was also concerned about the safety of their communications system/telephone system, as it is locally-based. There are also two communications towers in the middle of town. Also, lack of security in place at schools (specifically North Iberville) is a major concern for some residents, and it is noted that schools should be included in the list of critical buildings and infrastructure in the risk assessment.

Power outages were considered to be a problem resulting from natural and human-caused events in Maringouin. Due to its distance from responders, the residents’ main concern is that they are without power for extended periods of time. Past hurricanes have caused outages exceeding 3 days.

Flooding adjacent to Bayou Grosse Tete was voiced as a concern, as well as in the Ridgewood neighborhood and in some areas on Belmont Lane.

A number of persons at the meeting asked for additional copies of the Mitigation Brochure prepared by IEM for the Parish. Additional copies will be provided to the Mayor and placed at the Town Hall.

The public also addressed concerns regarding sources of funding for mitigative actions. We stated that we will provide suggestions for possible sources of funding for each recommended action.

City of Plaquemine Public Meeting November 12, 2003, 6:30 pm

Plaquemine City Hall 23640 Railroad Avenue P. 0. Box 675

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Plaquemine, Louisiana 70765-0675 Phone: 225-687-3116 / Fax: 225-685-1194

IEM Staff in Attendance: Project Manager – Craig Walling Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis

Pre-Meeting Planning: M. Bartis called the City of Plaquemine and attempted to arrange for IEM staff and Iberville Office of Emergency Preparedness staff to be on the agenda for the town meeting in Plaquemine, LA on November 12, 2003. While we were not on the official agenda, we were allowed to speak to the council and mayor at this meeting.

M. Bartis prepared information packets for alderpersons and mayor to provide background on mitigation planning and the process with which it will be drafted for Iberville Parish. These packets were mailed to the councilpersons and mayor by the Iberville Parish OEP.

Meeting: C. Walling delivered a brief presentation to the alderpersons and public in attendance (10) outlining the basic tenets of the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. He addressed the definition of mitigation, federal requirements under DMA 2000, and the types of hazards which that will be assessed as part of the plan. The Iberville Parish mitigation brochure for homeowners was distributed to alderpersons, the town clerk, the town lawyer, and the public.

C. Walling asked the public to provide input regarding specific hazard concerns, specific structures and areas of concern within Plaquemine, and specific instances where they had personally been affected by a disaster.

C. Walling noted the railroad concerns that had been addressed in the previous town meetings in Maringouin and White Castle.

Public Input: The majority of the discussion centered on the city’s critical infrastructure. Only one tower exists for the sheriff’s department’s communication system.

As in the other areas of the parish, the railroad is also a concern for Plaquemine residents. A possible derailment brought up some concerns unique to the City of Plaquemine, which is the center of parish government. City Hall, 911, and the police station are all located near the railroad tracks. Also, access to the main medical care facility in Plaquemine could be blocked, depending on the location of the derailment.

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A possible accident/incident involving Mississippi River traffic was another concern for the residents of Plaquemine, given their close proximity to the river.

Residents noted that flooding is not a great concern within the city limits, and that most of the flood-related losses have occurred in other areas of the parish. The city had drainage problems in the past, but this has been remedied in many areas.

When asked to identify critical facilities and infrastructure, residents pointed to levees and locks as being of greatest importance.

Village of Rosedale Public Meeting November 18, 2003

Rosedale Town Hall P.O. Box 167 Rosedale, Louisiana 70772 Phone: 648-2333

IEM Staff in Attendance: Project Manager – Gary Scronce Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis

Pre-Meeting Planning: M. Bartis arranged for IEM staff and Iberville Office of Emergency Preparedness staff to be on the agenda for the town meeting in Rosedale, LA on November 18, 2003.

M. Bartis prepared information packets for alderpersons and mayor to provide background on mitigation planning and the process with which it will be drafted for Iberville Parish. These packets were mailed to the alderpersons and mayor by the Iberville Parish OEP.

Meeting: G. Scronce delivered a brief presentation to the alderpersons and public in attendance outlining the basic tenets of the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. He addressed the definition of mitigation, federal requirements under DMA 2000, and the types of hazards which we will be assessing as part of the plan. The Iberville Parish mitigation brochure for homeowners was distributed to alderpersons, town clerk, town lawyer, and the public. G. Scronce asked the public to provide input regarding specific hazard concerns, specific structures and areas of concern within Rosedale, and specific instances where they had personally been affected by a disaster.

Public Input:

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The Rosedale Village Council identified three main areas of concern in terms of hazard events and losses: 1) Severe Storms, 2) Transportation Hazardous Material Accidents, and 3) Potential Levee Failures.

The first major concern is transportation complications caused by severe storms. The roads are often blocked by fallen trees/limbs due to strong winds. This presents concerns for evacuation as well as emergency vehicle transportation problems.

The second major concern is transportation of hazardous materials. Residents are concerned with the railroad and Interstate-10 traffic and the potential hazardous material accidents associated with these modes of transportation. In addition, a major accident on Interstate-10 poses an interesting threat to the Rosedale community in that I-10 traffic can be rerouted directly through the community (Hwy. 77).

The third and final concern is a potential levee failure. Most of the community is protected from flooding by a levee along Bayou Grosse Tete. If a levee is lost, flooding in the Village of Rosedale would be extensive. Currently, one area has experienced some backwater flooding (in a natural drainage area). Residents noted that most of Rosedale is not in a flood zone.

City of St. Gabriel Public Meeting November 20, 2003, 6:00 pm IEM Staff in Attendance: Project Manager – Gary Scronce Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis

Pre-Meeting Planning: M. Bartis arranged for IEM staff and Iberville Office of Emergency Preparedness staff to be on the agenda for the town meeting in St. Gabriel, LA on November 20, 2003.

M. Bartis prepared information packets for alderpersons and mayor to provide background on mitigation planning and the process with which it will be drafted for Iberville Parish. These packets were mailed to the alderpersons and mayor by the Iberville Parish OEP.

Meeting: Mayor George Grace was not in attendance. Mayor Pro-Tempore Andre L. Jones led the meeting in his absence. G. Scronce delivered a brief presentation to the alderpersons and public in attendance (20) outlining the basic tenets of the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. He addressed the definition of mitigation, federal requirements under DMA 2000, and the types of hazards that will be assessed as part of the plan. The Iberville Parish mitigation brochure for

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homeowners was distributed to council persons, town clerk, town lawyer, and the public.

G. Scronce asked the public to provide input regarding specific hazard concerns, specific structures and areas of concern within St. Gabriel, and specific instances where they had personally been affected by a disaster.

The public expressed two main concerns regarding hazard events: 1) Flooding and 2) Railroad. In regard to flood hazards, residents noted that the area had widespread flooding during Tropical Storm Allison in 2001. The Bayou Manchac levee breached in several places during Tropical Storm Allison. Other specific areas of concern are the intersection of Landry St. and Hwy 75, Pecan St., Bayou Paul Ln., and the corner of Smith St. and Landry St. One major recognized problem is poor drainage which exacerbates flooding. In many cases the road is a few feet above the land where the residences are located. Water runs off the roads onto the property of St. Gabriel residents.

The railroad presents another concern to St. Gabriel residents. The Canadian National Railroad (formerly the Illinois Central Railroad) line runs through St. Gabriel. Residents expressed concern in regard to hazardous material accidents. One of the chemicals mentioned was anhydrous ammonia.

M. Bartis distributed mitigation planning brochures to citizens present at the meeting.

Notes: In the council meeting room, some posters explaining the St. Gabriel Master Plan Update were posted. The posters explained new and potential development projects in the City of St. Gabriel. This work is being completed by Glenn Shaheen and Associates, Inc., a consulting engineering firm.

Town of White Castle Public Meeting November 10, 2003 6:30 pm

White Castle City Hall P.O. Box 100 32535 Bowie Street White Castle, Louisiana 70788 Phone: 545-3012 / Fax: 545-8456

IEM Staff in Attendance: Project Manager – Craig Walling Mitigation Planner – Melanie Bartis

Pre-Meeting Planning:

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M. Bartis arranged for IEM staff and Iberville Office of Emergency Preparedness staff to be on the agenda for the town meeting in White Castle, LA on November 10, 2003.

M. Bartis prepared information packets for alderpersons and mayor to provide background on mitigation planning and the process with which it will be drafted for Iberville Parish. These packets were mailed to the alderpersons and mayor by the Iberville Parish OEP.

Meeting: Mayor Maurice Brown was not in attendance due to a recent surgery. Alderman Kipp Knight led the meeting in his absence. C. Walling delivered a brief presentation to the alderpersons and public in attendance (7) outlining the basic tenets of the mitigation planning effort in Iberville Parish. He addressed the definition of mitigation, federal requirements under DMA 2000, and the types of hazards which we will be assessing as part of the plan. The Iberville Parish mitigation brochure for homeowners was distributed to alderpersons, town clerk, town lawyer, and the public.

C. Walling asked the public to provide input regarding specific hazard concerns, specific structures and areas of concern within White Castle, and specific instances where they had personally been affected by a disaster.

Public Input: Flooding was the most common concern voiced by the alderpersons and residents. The areas of greatest concern are as follows: ƒ Boudreaux St. (especially the home of Ms. Vera Goodlow) ƒ Hwy 1 at LaCroix Road (southbound lane is worse) ƒ Hwy 1 at Dorsey Road (southbound lane is worse) ƒ Bowie Street ƒ Adams Street ƒ Area near Dorseyville School

Most of the damaging events have been flash floods, urban/drainage problem floods. Some mitigation strategies have been implemented in order to reduce the drainage problems in White Castle. M. Bartis will do some follow up work with the Parish Engineer (G. Zeringue) to determine what actions have been taken.

Alderwoman B. O’Bear addressed the need for an emergency shelter in White Castle. According to O’Bear, the nearest official shelter is located in Plaquemine, approximately 10 miles north. While the community center is proposed as a shelter, there are no trained officials to run the shelter. They need to be certified in order to run the shelter.

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Transportation/evacuation issues are also a major concern due to the flooding on Hwy 1, which is the major evacuation route for White Castle residents. Also, the train inhibits travel and creates evacuation concerns.

Special needs populations, specifically elderly residents, need to be targeted in the emergency planning process.

The railroad was also a concern for White Castle residents for several reasons: 1) Possible derailment; 2) Speed of train through town (moves very quickly – shaking from fast moving trains has caused damage, shifting of houses in vicinity of tracks) 3) Trains blocking major routes in White Castle creates a concern for evacuation

Alderwoman B. O’Bear expressed concern in regard to cancer in White Castle. C. Walling stated that we will not be conducting a study of the cancer cases and possible causes, and that it would be more of a health and environmental safety project. However, we will be addressing some of the air and water quality issues as a part of the human-caused hazards assessments.

Police Chief C. Rogers asked for more of the hazard mitigation pamphlets. M. Bartis provided him with approximately 30 copies.

Steering Committee Meetings

Steering Committee Meeting—October 8, 2003 Agenda: ƒ Project overview • What is mitigation planning and how will it benefit Iberville Parish? • What are the mitigation planning steps? ƒ Planning Team • Risk Analysis Data Needs • Plan for Public Involvement ƒ Establish initial goals and objectives

Meeting Outcomes: ƒ Plan for public involvement • Meetings in each incorporated area of the Parish and one additional meeting in Bayou Sorrel/Bayou Pigeon area. • Use website as a vehicle for mitigation planning information ƒ Initial Goals and Objectives • Increase public awareness of flood insurance (NFIP)

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• Increase disaster resistance of Parish and municipal facilities and infrastructure • Ensure that new construction is hazard resistant and does not lead to increased hazard risk or exacerbate effects of hazard. • Strengthen ability and effectiveness of response in order to reduce losses to life, property, and the environment. • To identify, introduce, and implement cost-effective hazard mitigation measures so as to accomplish the parish goals and objectives and to raise awareness of and acceptance of hazard mitigation, generally.

Steering Committee Meeting—January 26, 2004 Agenda: ƒ Welcome and Introduction ƒ Task 2 Progress – Hazard and Vulnerability Assessment - Update ƒ Public Meetings • Public input was solicited at regularly scheduled town meetings in all incorporated municipalities within Iberville Parish and one additional meeting in Bayou Pigeon. • Dates for the Meetings were as follows: o Maringouin 11/3/03 o White Castle 11/10/03 o Plaquemine 11/12/03 o Grosse Tete 11/13/03 o Bayou Pigeon 11/17/03 o Rosedale 11/18/03 o St. Gabriel 11/20/03

Meeting Outcomes: ƒ Reviewed public meeting documentation. ƒ Established priority list of hazards based on risk assessment, past experience, and public input.

Steering Committee Meeting—April 21, 2004 Agenda: ƒ Welcome and Introduction ƒ Status of State Plan ƒ Capability Assessment ƒ Loss Estimation and Status of Risk Assessment ƒ Mitigation action prioritization [STAPLE(E) Criteria] ƒ Review and Prioritization Worksheet

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Meeting Outcomes: ƒ Review of Capability Assessment Findings and Approval ƒ Review of Final Critical Infrastructure List and Approval ƒ Establishment of Prioritization Criteria for Possible Mitigation Actions ƒ Review List of Proposed Mitigation Actions, Rate and Rank Priorities (Results in Table 30)

Steering Committee Meeting—July 14, 2004 Agenda: ƒ Welcome and Introduction ƒ Status of State Plan ƒ Review of Action Plan ƒ Evaluation and Enhancement

Meeting Goals and Potential Outcomes: ƒ Review of Action Plan and Approval ƒ Establish Evaluation and Enhancement Criteria ƒ Discuss issues related to recent flooding in Iberville Parish

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Table 30: Range of Mitigation Actions: Review and Prioritization

Possible Mitigation Actions Review Prioritization Y N NR High Med Low NR Flood Acquisition 0 3 5 0 0 0 6 Relocation 0 3 5 0 0 0 6 Elevation 2 2 4 1 1 0 4 Dry-Floodproofing 2 2 4 1 1 0 4 Wet-Floodproofing 1 2 5 0 0 1 5 Floodplain/Coastal Management 3 1 4 1 1 0 4 Capital Improvement Plans 3 0 5 0 1 0 5 Zoning Ordinances/Amendments 3 2 3 1 2 0 3 Subdivision Ordinances/Amendments 4 2 2 2 2 0 2 Building Code Adoption/Amendments 4 0 3 4 0 0 2 Flood Insurance 4 1 3 2 1 0 3 Community Rating System 2 2 4 0 1 1 2 Drainage Improvements 2 2 3 2 0 0 4 Wetland Protection 3 2 3 1 2 0 3 Dam and Levee Maintenance 4 1 3 2 1 0 3 Community Outreach and Education 6 0 2 3 1 0 2 Severe Storms (Hail/TS/Lightning/Wind) Community Outreach and Education 8 0 0 2 4 0 0 Surge/Lightning Protectors 6 0 2 3 2 0 2 Burying power lines 3 1 4 2 1 1 4 Safe Rooms 1 3 4 2 1 1 3 Manufactured Home Tie-Downs 6 0 2 3 1 0 2 Backup Power 4 1 3 2 1 0 3 Tree Management 4 2 2 2 1 0 3 Hurricanes Community Outreach and Education 8 0 0 2 4 0 0 Burying power lines 3 1 4 2 1 1 4 Safe Rooms 1 3 4 2 1 1 3 Manufactured Home Tie-Downs 6 0 2 3 1 0 2 Backup Power 4 1 3 2 1 0 3 Tree Management 4 2 2 2 1 0 3 Tornadoes Community Outreach and Education 8 0 0 2 4 0 0 Burying power lines 3 1 4 2 1 1 4 Safe Rooms 1 3 4 2 1 1 3 Manufactured Home Tie-Downs 6 0 2 3 1 0 2 Backup Power 4 1 3 2 1 0 3 Tree Management 4 2 2 2 1 0 3 Hazardous Materials Safety Procedures and Policies 7 0 1 4 0 0 1 Community Outreach and Education 7 1 0 4 2 0 0 Security 4 0 4 3 1 0 2 Industrial Site Buffering 2 2 4 1 1 0 4

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Iberville Parish Website for Hazard Mitigation Plan Public Comment

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