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Untitled Galaxy, 1992 Night Sky #5 (Museum of Modern Art), and 2000-2001 Night Sky #16

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Untitled Galaxy, 1992 Night Sky #5 (Museum of Modern Art), and 2000-2001 Night Sky #16 StarLight A COMMON HERITAGE Edited by Cipriano Marín and Jafar Jafari International Initiative in Defence of the Quality of the Night Sky and the Right to Observe the Stars Istituto de Astrofísica La Palma Gobierno de de Canarias Biosphere Reserve Canarias Published by STARLIGHT INITIATIVE INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS (IAC) With the collaboration of: LA PALMA BIOSPHERE RESERVE GOVERNMENT OF THE CANARY ISLANDS SPANISH MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT UNESCO - MaB. Canary Islands, Spain, 2007. www. starlight2007.net Edited by: Cipriano Marín & Jafar Jafari Contributing editor: Luis Martínez - Head of Cabinet, IAC. Revision: Giuseppe Orlando With the collaboration and support of: Juan Antonio Belmonte, Laura Calero Hernández, Francisco Javier Díaz Castro, Paola Deda, Maguelonne Dejeant Pons, Javier Gallego, Luis Gortázar Díaz-Llanos, Patricia Marín, Wolf Michael Iwand, Juan Antonio Menéndez Pidal, Antonio San Blas Álvarez, Luis Ramallo Masanet, Francisco Sánchez, Pedro Sanhueza, Anna Sidorenko-Dulom, Malcom Smith, Richard Wainscoat. Design and layout: Luis Mir and the UNESCO Center of the Canary Islands. Front photograph by IAC Back cover photograph: Javier Méndez (ING) and Nik Szymanek. Image of M51 Galaxy taken with the William Herschel Telescope at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma. Translation: Gabinete Erasmus Print: Tenydea S.L. D.L TF 836 2008 - IAC Publication in cooperation with: INDEX PROLOGUES and STATEMENTS CRISTINA NARBONA RUÍZ Spanish Minister of the Environment .................................................................. 11 MECHTILD ROTHE Vice-President of the European Parliament ......................................................... 13 FRANCISCO SÁNCHEZ MARTÍNEZ Director, IAC - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias ............................................ 17 ANTONIO SAN BLAS ÁLVAREZ Director, La Palma Biosphere Reserve ................................................................ 19 NATARAJAN ISHWARAN Director of the Division of Ecological and Earth Sciences, UNESCO. Secretary of the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme .............................. 27 LUIS IGNACIO RAMALLO President - Spanish National Commission for UNESCO .................................... 29 WOLF MICHAEL IWAND TUI AG ................................................................................................................ 31 AHMED DJOGHLAF Executive Secretary - Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD) ....................................................... 33 FRANCESCO BANDARIN Director of the World Heritage Centre, UNESCO ............................................... 37 PETER BRIDGEWATER Secretary General – Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971) .................... 39 ROBERT HEPWORTH Executive Secretary - Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS-UNEP) .................. 41 MAGUELONNE DÉJEANT-PONS Head - Cultural Heritage, Landscape and Spatial Planning Division. Council of Europe ..................................................... 43 MALCOLM SMITH President, Division XII, International Astronomical Union (IAU) ...................... 45 ALEXANDER BOKSENBERG President - United Kingdom National Commission for UNESCO Professor of Experimental Astronomy, University of Cambridge. ...................... 47 DAVID L. CRAWFORD Executive Director. International Dark Sky Association (IDA) ............................ 51 5 PREFACE and INTRODUCTION Preface TERRESTRIAL OUTREACH. LIVING THE STARDOME ON EARTH. JAFAR JAFARI ........................................................................................................... 55 Introduction REGAINING OUR RIGHT TO OBSERVE THE STARS CIPRIANO MARÍN .................................................................................................... 59 THE STARLIGHT 2007 CONFERENCE JUAN ANTONIO MENÉNDEZ PIDAL ............................................................................ 63 THE IMPORTANCE OF STARLIGHT IN HUMAN CULTURE THE CULTURAL DIMENSION OF THE NIGHT SKY GLORIA LÓPEZ MORALES ........................................................................................ 69 THE IMPORTANCE OF PROTECTING THE NIGHT SKY PERE HORTS ........................................................................................................... 71 SEEKING STARLIGHT: DREAMS OF TRANSCENDENTALISM, MYSTERY AND IMAGINATION JUAN ANTONIO BELMONTE ....................................................................................... 79 UNESCO THEMATIC INITIATIVE “ASTRONOMY AND WORLD HERITAGE” ANNA SIDORENKO-DULOM ...................................................................................... 87 “TO NAVIGATE TIME”. CONTEMPLATIONS ON SKY AND LAND. AN AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE MAREA ATKINSON .................................................................................................. 93 FRAGILE LIGHT: A CONFLUENCE OF ART AND SCIENCE DAVID MADACSI ..................................................................................................... 103 LIGHT AND ARCHITECTURE CÉSAR PORTELA ...................................................................................................... 111 DESERT TOURISM. ARCHITECTURE AND STARLIGHT VIRGINIE LEFEBVRE ................................................................................................ 115 THE IMPORTANCE OF OBSERVATION IN ASTRONOMY EDUCATION AND THE NEED FOR CLEAR AND NONPOLLUTED SKIES ROSA M. ROS ........................................................................................................ 121 THE UNIVERSE AWARENESS PROGRAMME. THE TUNISIAN EXPERIENCE MOHAMED HEDI BEN ISMAIL ................................................................................... 129 THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF THE NIGHT SKY MARGARITA METAXA AND P. NIARCHOS ................................................................... 135 STATUS AND PLANS FOR GLOBE AT NIGHT 2006-2009 MALCOLM SMITH, CONNIE WALKER, STEPHEN POMPEA, DOUGLAS ISBEL, PEDRO SANHUEZA, D. MCKENNA, PAT SEITZER, PETER MICHAUD, JORGE GARCIA, RODRIGO CARRASCO, DAVID ORELLANA, DAN BROCIOUS & KIM PATTEN .................. 141 6 BRIGHT STARS ABOVE THE BIOSPHERE. THE SECRETS OF POLYNESIAN NAVIGATION WOLF M. IWAND .................................................................................................... 149 PROMOTING A WORLD HERITAGE PARK IN THE SKY AT LAKE TEKAPO IN THE MT COOK REGION OF NZ AND DEVELOPING ASTRO-TOURISM AT MT JOHN OBSERVATORY GRAEME MURRAY ................................................................................................... 153 STAR PATH MIQUEL SERRA-RICART ........................................................................................... 157 ORBITAL, LUNAR AND INTERPLANETARY TOURISM OPPORTUNITIES FOR DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES IN STAR TOURISM DIRK H. R. SPENNEMANN ....................................................................................... 161 NIGHTSCAPES, BIODIVERSITY, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LIGHT POLLUTION AND THE IMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITY, SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS P. DEDA, I. ELBERTZHAGEN, M. KLUSSMANN ........................................................... 177 LIGHTS OUT! FOR NATURE TRAVIS LONGCORE AND CATHERINE RICH ................................................................. 185 SCOTOBIOLOGY: THE BIOLOGY OF DARKNESS. THE SCIENCE OF DARK-DEPENDENT BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS TONY BIDWELL, PETER GOERING, BILL DICKINSON AND RANDY FRENCH ................... 193 ISLAND BIOSPHERE RESERVES AND THE PROTECTION OF NIGHT ENVIRONMENT ARNOLDO SANTOS .................................................................................................. 197 CANADIAN DARK SKY INITIATIVES R.G.S. BIDWELL, R. DICK, P. GOERING & D. WELCH .............................................. 201 STUDYING THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF LIGHT POLLUTION ON WILDLIFE: AMPHIBIANS AS MODELS SHARON WISE ......................................................................................................... 209 DARK SKY PRESERVES IN HUNGARY ISTVÁN GYARMATHY, ZOLTÁN KOLLÁTH & ANDRÁS PINTÉR ...................................... 219 THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE URDAIBAI BIOSPHERE RESERVE KIKO ALVAREZ DÁVILA ........................................................................................... 223 POLITICAL SOLUTIONS FOR ENERGY AND INDUSTRY POLLUTION HARMING THE STARLIGHT JOSÉ LUIS PENACHO ................................................................................................ 227 THE RIGHT TO STARLIGHT THE RIGHT TO STARLIGHT UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW PHIL CAMERON ....................................................................................................... 237 7 THE EUROPEAN LANDSCAPE CONVENTION. WELFARE AND STARLIGHT MAGUELONNE DÉJEANT-PONS ................................................................................. 247 THE RIGHT TO THE STARLIGHT IN LEGISLATION. INTERNATIONAL, NATIONAL AND LOCAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS HIROJI ISOZAKI ....................................................................................................... 253 EXPERIENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF REGULATIONS IN DEFENCE OF THE NIGHT SKY MARTIN MORGAN-TAYLOR ...................................................................................... 257 THE RIGHT TO STARLIGHT, ANOTHER STEP TOWARDS CONTROLLING POLLUTION AND AN EFFICIENT USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES JOSÉ MARÍA GARRIDO LÓPEZ & JAVIER DÍAZ-REIXA SUÁREZ .................................... 267 THE CANARIAN SKY LAW: APPLICATIONS AND RESULTS FRANCISCO JAVIER DÍAZ CASTRO ............................................................................
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