MEDILABSECURE REGIONAL MEETING January 20th-24th 2020 Dakar, Senegal Risk Factors for Rift Valley Fever in Humans, Health District, , 2016 Issifou Djibo1, I. Alkassoum², A. Lagare3, O. Batoure1, M. Comlan1, B. Sawadogo1, S. Antara1,4 1. West Africa Field Epidemiology Training Program, Ouagadougou, 2. University of and Directorate of Surveillance and Outbreak Response (Ministry of Health), Niger; 3. Center for Health and Medical Research (CERMES), 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta Introduction • August 29, 2016, Tchinta health district, noted cases of fever with bleeding complications in humans and community deaths. August 31, 2016, an investigation was conducted. Human and animal samples were collected. 16 September 2016, the Institut Pasteur de Dakar confirmed the epidemic: six (06) human and three (3) animal samples were tested positive for Rift Valley Fever Virus. • Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a peracute or acute zoonotic disease of domestic ruminants. Humans are susceptible to RVFV and are infected through contact with infected animal material (body fluids or tissues) or through bites from infected mosquitoes. A total of 399 cases of RVF and 33 deaths were reported in the region of Niger. Objectives • Describe the socio-demographic characteristics of RVF cases and controls, • Identify the risk factors for RVF Methods Results • Area: Tchintabaraden Health District In total, we interviewed 252 participants, including 84 cases and 168 controls Table 1: Socio demographic characteristics Characteristics Case (%) Control (%) Conclusion 1-4 years 3 (3,57) 0 (0) 5-14 years 33 (39,28) 8 (4,76) From this study we can conclude Age Group 15-24 years 19 (22,62) 31 (18,45) that the risk factors for developing ≥ 25 years 29 (34,52) 129 (76,78) rift valley fever are the Female 46 (54,76) 80 (47,62) consumption of raw milk cheese Sex Male 38 (45,24) 88 (52,38) from sick animals, contact with a sick animal and the consumption of • Design : Unmatched case-control Illiterate 58 (69,05) 119 (70,83) meat from sick animals. study Koranic school 7 (8,33) 34 (20,24) Education Primary 16 (19,05) 7 (4,17) Recommendations • Period : 20 to 28 October 2016 Secondary 3 (3,57) 7 (4,17) Higher level 0 (0) 1 (0,60) • Avoid the consumption of raw • Case : Any resident of Tchinta who Breeder 30 (35,71) 85 (50,59) milk cheese from sick animals, presented fever associated with Household 22 (26,19) 67 (39,88) contact with sick animals and muscle pain, headache, nausea / Student 17 (20,23) 4 (2,38) eating of meat from sick vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding and Profession Figure 3 : IncidenceChild of Neisseria14 (16,66) meningitidis 2by (1,19) year animals; jaundice Healthand byworkers region, Niger,1 (1,19) 2008-2015 3 (1,78) others profession 0 (0) 7 (4,16) • Vaccinate livestock in • Control : Any person living in the Tchintabaraden 68 (80,95) 136 (80,95) neighboring unaffected areas same locality as the case (same Provenance 16 (19,05) 32 (19,05) household, neighborhood, village, Table 2 : Multivariate analysis of risk factors hospital) and do not presented Acknowledgement sign and suspicious symptom of rift CDC Atlanta, WAHO, AFENET, valley fever at the time of Coeffi Z- P- Facteurs OR CI95% S. E. WA-FELTP recruitment. cient Statistic Value Ministry of Health of Niger • We analysed data using Epi Info 7 Consumpt ion of milk and Excel cheese 3,77 1,63-8,73 1,32 0,42 3,11 0,00 Autor from sick Dr DJIBO Issifou • We calculated proportions for animals cases and controls. Consumpt Epidemiologist (FETP graduated) ion of Head of Outbreaks Response • We compared proportions using meat from 2,92 1,04-8,17 1,07 0,52 2,04 0,04 Division the Chi square test. Association a sick Directorate of Surveillance and measures (Odd Ratio) were animal Outbreaks Response calculated in search of risk factors.Figure Contact4 : Incidence of Neisseria meningitidis ˂ 3 / 100000 withbysick year, Niger,2,71 1,242008-5,89-2015 0,99 0,39 2,51 30,01-10/100000Phone number : + 227 96480457 animal • 95% confidence intervals ≥10/100000E-mail : [email protected] Housewife excluding 1 and p <0.05 were 0,24 0,08-0,65 -1,41 0,50 -2,80 0,00 Skype : issifou_djibo considered to be statistically Breeder 0,21 0,07-0,58 -1,54 0,51 -3,02 0,00 significant