sign in sign up
<<
Home , Andrew Oliver, Battle of Bad Axe, Horatio Wright, Operation Independence, Pyotr Bagration, Warrior (steamboat)

2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11 Round 11 First Quarter

(1) This group was crucified in the Waldorf Statement which stated they had done a “disservice to their employers.” As a member of this group, Dalton Trumbo worked without credit for over 10 years until being credited for Spartacus. This group was held in contempt after a HUAC hearing in which they yelled at the chairman. For ten points, name this group of screenwriters who were blacklisted on suspicions of Communist beliefs. ANSWER: Hollywood Ten (accept Hollywood blacklist)

(2) This title was abolished after the one-eyed general Horatius defeated invading Clusium forces. Servius Tullius held this title whose final holder was force to flee after his son committed the rape of Lucretia. The final holder of this title, Tarquin the Proud, was deposed in 509 BC leading to the creation of a Republic. For ten points, name this position, the monarchical ruler of an Italian city. ANSWER: King of Rome (accept Rex Romae; do not accept Emperor of Rome)

(3) This conflict, which ended soon after a surprise attack on Petersham, required James Bowdoin to activate a militia led by . The Springfield Armory was seized in this rebellion which was started by Revolutionary War veterans upset over heavy taxes. For ten points, name this 1786 rebellion in Massachusetts that helped expose the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. ANSWER: Shays’ rebellion

(4) This composer’s publisher Fritz Simrock encouraged him to write a set of Slavonic Dances. He spent the summer of 1893 in Spillville, , which inspired him to compose the “American” String Quartet. The song “Goin’ Home” was adapted from an English horn solo in his 9th symphony, which was heavily influenced by African-American spirituals. For ten points, name this Czech composer of the New World Symphony. ANSWER: Antonin Leopold Dvor´ak [duh-vor-zhak]

(5) This period included the issuing of the “annihilation decrees” which allowed soldiers to use near unlimited forces in Operation Independence. During this period, the were targeted by the Triple A death squad. Jorge Videla and Isabel Peron started this period which was part of the larger . For ten points, name this 1974 “conflict”, a period of state-sponsored terrorism in . ANSWER: (accept guerra sucia; prompt on Operation Condor before it is read)

(6) This battle began with one side’s advance on the Laurel Hill. Horatio Wright attempted to seize the Mule Shoe during this battle leading to 24 hours of fighting at the “Bloody Angle.” This inconclusive battle was fought the day after the . For ten points, name this 1864 battle, fought near a Virginia crossing, in which Confederate forces failed to stop the . ANSWER: Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse

Page 1 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

(7) This ruler hired Maximilien Strauch and Henry Morton Stanley to survey the boundaries of his colonial holdings. The Casement Report revealed the atrocities in colonies under the ruler of this man. This ruler used the Force Publique to enforce strict rubber quotas in his “Free State” in Central Africa. The Congo was the personal colony of, for ten points, what King of Belgium? ANSWER: Leopold II (prompt on Leopold)

(8) This scientist proved that the center of tobacco mosaic virus is hollow. While working with Maurice Wilkins, this scientist’s assistant took Photo 51 using x-ray crystallography. After dying of ovarian cancer in 1958, she did not receive a Nobel Prize for her work, although Watson and Crick did. For ten points, name this woman who helped discover the double helix structure of DNA. ANSWER: Rosalind Elsie Franklin

Second Quarter

(1) This event’s victim was eventually exonerated after Georges Picquart discovered Ferdinand Esterhazy was a spy. The central figure of this event was sent to Devil’s Island prompting Emile Zola to write the critical open letter J’accuse. For ten points, name this 1894 scandal in which a Jewish artillery officer in France was falsely blamed for selling military secrets. ANSWER: Dreyfus affair BONUS: Emile Zola published J’accuse in L’Aurore, a newspaper published by this French politician. ANSWER: Georges Clemenceau

(2) This war included a battle caused after Joseph Throckmorton, commander of the , failed to understand one side’s attempt to surrender. The government’s preferential treatment of the may have sparked this war which ended soon after the . briefly fought in, for ten points, what 1832 war which started after the namesake Sauk chief crossed into ? ANSWER: War BONUS: The included this clash which resulted in the death of John Giles Adams. During this battle, 275 Illinois militia hastily fled from only 50 natives. ANSWER: Battle of Stillman’s Run (accept Battle of Sycamore Creek; accept Battle of Old Man’s Creek)

Page 2 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

(3) This position has jurisdiction over the settlements on Mount Athos which, despite being in the European Union, has strict border control. The Church of St. George is the current seat of this position whose first holder, Anatolius, presided over the Council of Chalcedon. The Greek Holy Synod historically elected, for ten points, what spiritual leader of Eastern Orthodoxy who operates out of Istanbul? ANSWER: Ecumencial Patriarch of Constantinople (accept Ecumencial Patriarch of Constantinople; accept Archbishop of Constantinople; accept Archbishop of New Rome; accept Greek Orthodox Patriarch of the Phanar; accept Roman Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople) BONUS: The Patriarch of Constantinople claims apostolistic descent from this saint, the brother of Peter. ANSWER: Saint Andrew (accept Andrew the Apostle)

(4) This man secured his power after launching Operation Coldstore, a series of arrests targeting the left-wing Barisan Sosialis party. A political party founded by this man is currently led by his son Lee Hsien Loong. This man cried on national television while announcing that his country had become independent from Malaysia. For ten points, name this founding father of modern Singapore. ANSWER: Lee Kuan Yew (prompt on partial answers) BONUS: Lee Kuan Yew founded this political party, the only ruling party in Singapore’s history. ANSWER: People’s Action Party (PAP)

(5) This treaty’s Article 11 promised protection against Apache raids but proved unenforceable. One signatory of this treaty claimed their representatives had overstepped their bounds in choosing to ignore the Protocol of Quer´etaro.As a result of this treaty, Texas’ southern border was set along the Rio Grande. California was ceded to the in, for ten points, what treaty that ended the Mexican-American War? ANSWER: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (accept Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic) BONUS: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was later altered by this 1853 land deal which was meant to secure a route for a transcontinental railroad. ANSWER: Gadsden Purchase (accept Venta de La Mesilla)

Page 3 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

(6) This battle began after Barclay de Tolly was removed from commanding, forcing his troops to stand against invading forces. The Bagration Fleches and Raevsky Redoubt were overwhelmed during this battle. employed a tactic while retreating from this battle, destroying food stores in his country’s capital. For ten points, name this 1812 battle that allowed to capture . ANSWER: BONUS: At the Battle of Borodino, this French Marshal stopped a counter attack by Pyotr Bagration. This officer had earlier been wounded at but recovered in time to lead the rearguard during Napoleon’s retreat from . ANSWER: (accept Marshal Ney)

(7) This period resulted in the establishment of the Recreation and Amusement Association which organized prostitution to reduce illegal activity. Operation Blacklist was the codename for this period that was ended by the signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1951. Douglas MacArthur oversaw, for ten points, what period in which Allied forces controlled a defeated Asian nation? ANSWER: American Occupation of Japan (prompt on descriptions of Post-World War II) BONUS: While most of Japan gained autonomy in 1952, the United States retained a “Civil Administration” on this island chain where it established offices in Okinawa. ANSWER: Ryukyu Islands (accept Nansei Islands)

(8) This man became the only ruler to receive the title of kangde. The Articles of Favorable Treatment were forced upon this man as Yuan Shikai prepared to take over after this man’s abdication in the Xinhai Revolution. This man’s life was made famous by a Bernardo Bertolucci film that depicts his coronation as the puppet emperor of Manchukuo by the Japanese. For ten points, name this last emperor of China. ANSWER: Puyi (or the Xuantong Emperor) BONUS: In July 1917, this warlord led the Manchu Restoration, which briefly brought Pu Yi back to power in Beijing. ANSWER: Zhang Xun

Third Quarter

The categories are . . .

1. French and Indian War

2. British Empire

3. 20th Century Iran

Page 4 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

French and Indian War Name the... (1) Continent on which it primarily took place. ANSWER: North America (2) Worldwide conflict that the French and Indian War was a part of. ANSWER: Seven Years’ War (3) Spanish colony ceded to Britain that included St. Augustine. ANSWER: (4) Battle where both James Wolfe and Montcalm died on the Plains of Abraham. ANSWER: Battle of Quebec City (accept Battle of the Plains of Abraham before mentioned) (5) Native confederacy of six nations that aided the British. ANSWER: Iroquois Confederacy (6) Opening battle of the war, on May 28, 1754, where a Canadian officer was ambushed. ANSWER: Battle of Jumonville Glen

Page 5 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

British Empire Name the... (1) Monarch who lost control of the American colonies. ANSWER: George III (2) Queen who reigned over the empire for 63 years in the 19th century. ANSWER: Victoria (3) African colony where Chinese Gordon died defending Khartoum from revolt. ANSWER: Sudan (4) Cramped Indian prison where British POWs were held in June 1756, killing dozens. ANSWER: Black Hole of Calcutta (5) Rival that fought Britain for control of Afghanistan in the “Great Game.” ANSWER: (6) Indian kingdom that fought four wars against the British, with Tipu Sultan dying in the final war. ANSWER: Kingdom of Mysore

Page 6 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

20th Century Iran Name the... (1) Fossil fuel whose production was nationalized by Mohammed Mossadegh. ANSWER: oil (2) graphic novel by Marjane Satrapi, named for an ancient capital, that depicted Iran. ANSWER: Persepolis (3) Color that names a “bloodless” revolution launched in 1963 that granted women the right to vote. ANSWER: White Revolution (4) Ayatollah who became the country’s first Supreme Leader in the 1979 revolution. ANSWER: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (do not accept Khameini) (5) Dynasty that was overthrown during the 1979 revolution. ANSWER: Pahlavi dynasty (6) Movie theater in Abadan where hundreds were killed in a 1978 arson. ANSWER: Cinema Rex

Page 7 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

Fourth Quarter

(1) This man used the Lone Pines earthquake to justify his theory of the formation of the Owens Valley. Opposition to (+) logging practices led this man to break with ally Gifford Pinchot, and this man also opposed the damming of the Hetch Hetchy. A (*) camping trip near Glacier Point allowed this man to help Theodore Roosevelt to preserve Yosemite. For ten points, name this founder of the Sierra Club. ANSWER: John Muir

(2) This man’s sister Joan was kidnapped by Isaac Komnenos, prompting this man to launch an invasion of Cyprus. This man worked with (+) Philip Augustus to orchestrate the capture of Acre. His military strength secured the right for Christian pilgrims to (*) enter the city of Jerusalem after he concluded a treaty with his rival, Saladin. For ten points, name this English king who went on the Third Crusade. ANSWER: Richard I (or Richard the Lionheart)

(3) This country’s secret police were exposed by Martin Almada who discovered the “Archives of Terror” detailing their role in (+) Operation Condor. Under Francisco Solano Lopez, this country lost a third of its male population after entering a war with (*) , , and Argentina. The War of the Triple Alliance was lost by, for ten points, what country whose capital, Asuncion, was occupied by Brazilian troops? ANSWER:

(4) This man was blamed for the burning of Andrew Oliver’s effigy and Thomas Hutchinson’s house thanks to his ties with the Loyal (+) Nine. Along with John Hancock, this man was notably not offered pardon by . This man’s Circular Letter prompted (*) British troops to occupy his home city. For ten points, name this member of the , a cousin to the second president of the United States. ANSWER: (prompt on Adams)

(5) This man invented a smokeless gunpowder, pyrocollodion, for the navy using nitrocellulose. This man successfully predicted the (+) qualities of ekasilicon, or germanium, before it was known. He shared a Davey Medel with Lothar Meyer, since they had both (*) developed a system that used atomic weight to classify nitrogen and carbon. For ten points, name this Russian chemist who published the periodic table in 1869. ANSWER: Dmitri Mendeleev

(6) This city was the site of the formation of the Parochial Memories, an early instance of seismology. Ajuda Palace was built on the outskirts of this city after (+) Joseph I developed claustrophobia from a natural disaster. Pombaline buildings were constructed in this city after it was ravaged on All Saints Day. In 1755, a (*) 9.0 quake centered on Cape St. Vincent struck, for ten points, what capital city of Portugal? ANSWER: Lisbon

Page 8 2018 NHBB Middle School National Bowl 2017-2018 Round 11

(7) This man ordered John Cook Jr. to capture Lewis Washington and bring him back to the Allstadt House. During one event, troops under this man killed (+) Hayward Shepherd who was attempting to warn the guards. Julia Ward Howe’s (*) “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” was adopted into a song about this man’s body after he was hanged for attacking a Virginia armory. For ten points, name this abolitionist who raided Harpers Ferry. ANSWER: John Brown

(8) This conflict featured the “Halloween massacre” where dissident politicians were pulled from their cars and shot after the 1992 elections. The (+) Clark Amendment blocked American aid from this conflict, though Fidel Castro sent Cuban troops. The death of Jonas Savimbi led to the end of this conflict between the (*) MPLA and UNITA. For ten points, name this conflict that befell an African nation with capital Luanda. ANSWER: Angolan Civil War (both underlined parts required)

Extra Question

Only read if the moderator botches a question. (1) This civilization’s artifacts include the Cascajal Block of writing and art adorned with were-jaguars, whom they revered as a deity. Because these people commonly (+) extracted latex from nearby trees, they were known as the “rubber people.” Their major cities included La (*) Venta and San Lorenzo. For ten points, name this Mesoamerican civilization that emerged in 1500 B.C. and constructed large stone heads. ANSWER: Olmec civilization BONUS: Name this Japanese who may have gave the order “kill all captives” during the Nanking Massacre.e ANSWER: Asaka Yasuhiko

(2) This event was thwarted after military forces were mobilized by Jose Ramon Fernandez. During this event, Playa Giron was targeted by (+) Brigade 2506, a group of disgruntled rebels trained by the CIA in Nicaragua and Guatemala. This event’s failure led (*) Fidel Castro to officially ally himself with the Soviet Union. For ten points, John F. Kennedy approved what 1961 failed invasion of ? ANSWER: Bay of Pigs invasion (prompt on descriptions of invading Cuba)

Page 9