Managing Risk Building Resilience

International Peace Institute

2016 ANNUAL REPORT

NEW YORK VIENNA MANAMA

2016 ANNUAL REPORT The International Peace Institute (IPI) is an independent, international not-for-profit think tank dedicated to managing risk and building resilience to promote peace, security, and sustainable development. To achieve its purpose, IPI employs a mix of policy research, strategic analysis, publishing, and convening. The Institute was founded in 1970 as the International Peace Academy (IPA), which focused on training military officers and diplomats for United Nations peacekeeping operations. In 2008 the organization changed its name to the International Peace Institute to reflect its current identity as a research institution that works with and supports multilateral institutions, governments, civil society, and the private sector on a range of regional and global peace and security challenges. IPI also carries out work in and on Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Central Asia. With staff from around the world and a broad range of academic fields, IPI has offices facing United Nations headquarters in New York, as well as offices in Vienna and Manama. IPI partners with regional organizations, think tanks, universities, and NGOs to conduct research, produce publications, and convene meetings in many parts of the world.

MANAGING RISK, BUILDING RESILIENCE IPI’s work is framed around the strategic goal of managing risk and building resilience for a more peaceful and secure world. This approach emphasizes the need for strategic anticipation, proactive response, and long-term engagement. It also provides a framework for cooperation across institutional silos and geographic boundaries. IPI’s approach is informed by a com- mitment to the Four I’s: innovate, implement, institutionalize, and impact. This conceptual framework guides the Institute’s overall efforts to contribute to a more peaceful, stable, and prosperous world. INNOVATE: IMPLEMENT: IMPACT: INSTITUTIONALIZE: The world is changing To reach their full potential, As a research institution To be most effective, inno- quickly and dramatically, innovative ideas need to be that provides practical vation and implementation presenting a challenge to implemented. IPI works to advice and insightful must be institutionalized. the international system. strengthen the implementa- analyses, IPI seeks to have To assist in this endeavor, Innovative responses tion of policy recommenda- a positive impact on peace, IPI seeks long-term partner- are required. IPI fosters tions by producing tools security, and development by ships with governments, innovation by providing for practitioners and con- shaping policies, providing civil society, and multilat- analyses of global trends vening timely discussions up-to-date risk assessments, eral organizations to bring and contributing fresh focused on pragmatic policy and offering constructive innovative ideas from con- ideas to policymakers. responses. evaluations of current cept to implementation to approaches. sustainability.

International Peace Institute—1 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

Terje Rød-Larsen, Michael W. Doyle, President Chair of the Board of Directors

Letter from the Chair of the Board and President The year 2016 was a pivotal moment in international The campaign for secretary-general offered an oppor- affairs. Geopolitical and humanitarian crises deepened, tunity to reflect on the question: after more than seventy the fight against the Islamic State progressed without years, is the UN still fit for purpose? IPI’s Independent an end in sight, and refugees and migrants continued Commission on Multilateralism (ICM) has been working to die in transit. Indeed, the world has been grappling to address this question since 2014. After two years of with three major intersecting challenges: the spread of research and consultations, the ICM launched a report violent extremism, an unprecedented flow of displaced from its chair in August and a final report in September. people, and regional instability in the Middle East and The response has been overwhelmingly positive. North Africa. The international community has struggled Secretary-general candidate Kristalina Georgieva ref- to provide adequate responses, while key member states erenced the report in her testimony before the General have displayed deepening levels of skepticism and out- Assembly, and in a recent op-ed, former General right rejection of the value of multilateral cooperation. Assembly President Srgjan Kerim urged the secretary- general to “implement its insights wherever possible.” At the same time, the multilateral system has achieved remarkable successes over the past two years. In The UN’s three major peace and security reviews from 2015 these included the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable 2015 provided an important backdrop to the ICM con- Development and the Paris Agreement on climate sultations. To move forward implementation of the rec- change. In April 2016 the Security Council and General ommendations in these reviews, IPI published a report Assembly adopted identical resolutions defining a new on how to leverage connections among them. The agenda for prevention around the concept of “sustaining president of the General Assembly distributed this peace.” In September the General Assembly passed report to help member states prepare for the high- the New York Declaration, creating a path forward for level thematic debate on the UN, peace, and security global compacts on refugees and migration. And in in May. Another IPI report on how peace operations October the Security Council came together to recom- can confront terrorism and violent extremism was the mend a new secretary-general widely viewed as hold- subject of a Security Council briefing by the director ing great promise. of IPI’s Center for Peace Operations. IPI’s work in 2016 reflects a deep engagement with these These are a small selection of the wide-ranging processes and the search for multilateral solutions to program of work IPI conducted in 2016. We are transnational problems. IPI worked with the Office of pleased to present further details on the Institute’s the President of the General Assembly to help ensure programs, events, publications, and financials in the that the campaign for secretary-general was the most pages that follow. transparent and competitive in history. We invited all

thirteen nominees for secretary-general to speak at Terje Rød-Larsen, President public events to answer questions about their vision for the UN system, and ten of them did so. These events Michael W. Doyle, Chair of the Board of Directors were all live-streamed on the Internet, allowing people around the world to engage in the process.

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1. Aurelia Frick, Foreign Minister of Liechtenstein; and Margot Wallström, Foreign Minister of Sweden 2. Ban Ki-moon, former UN Secretary-General; and Terje Rød-Larsen, President of IPI 3. David Miliband, President and CEO of the International Rescue Committee; and Reem Al Hashimy, Minister of State for International Cooperation of the United Arab Emirates 4. Terje Rød-Larsen, President of IPI; and Lilja Alfreðsdóttir, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iceland 5. Crown Prince Haakon of Norway, Goodwill Ambassador for the UN Development Programme 6. Amr Moussa, former Secretary-General of the League of Arab States; Turki Al Faisal, Chairman of the King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies; and Ismail Ould Cheikh Ahmed, Special Envoy of 7. the UN Secretary-General for Yemen 7. António Guterres, UN Secretary-General and Honorary Chair of IPI 8. Kristalina Georgieva, Chief Executive Officer of the World Bank 7

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Multilateral Cooperation

Throughout 2016, IPI convened Giving the Public a Voice in Selecting meetings on the Nagorno-Karabakh and contributed to policy debates the Secretary-General conflict. These meetings brought together IPI played a prominent role in making decision makers from the disputed region on the future of the multilateral the 2016 campaign for UN secretary- and from Armenia and Azerbaijan to system, especially through public general the most transparent and com- discuss the process for settling the con- fora with the candidates for UN petitive in history. Working with the flict. In further pursuit of this goal, IPI Office of the President of the General published a book evaluating the history secretary-general and the work Assembly, IPI invited all thirteen candi- of peacemaking efforts in Karabakh of the Independent Commission dates to speak at public events. All (Chained to the Caucasus). on Multilateralism (ICM). IPI’s thirteen expressed interest, and ten The conflict in Georgia was another focus offices in Vienna and Manama attended live-streamed public fora at IPI where they answered questions of IPI’s work in 2016. Together with took these debates beyond the about their vision for the UN system George Mason University, IPI organized UN by fostering discussions on and took part in formal and informal a conference to review current efforts regional cooperation. interviews. Following the selection of and discuss the potential of track II ini- António Guterres as secretary-general, tiatives in the Georgian-South Ossetian IPI organized a consultation between conflict. Participants, including experts him and civil society representatives, from the region and representatives from maintaining this spirit of consultation OSCE participating states, discussed the beyond the selection process. institutional, economic, and human costs of the conflict and called for reviving Building Bridges within and between reconciliation and confidence-building 10 Europe and Asia processes in the region. Another round- PUBLIC FORA In the face of growing geopolitical ten- table organized with LINKS focused on with candidates for sions between Russia and the West, IPI’s Georgia as “an island of stability” in a UN secretary-general Vienna office sought to build bridges turbulent region. between the Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian halves of the Organization for Security IPI continued its partnership with Mongolia and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). As in 2016, assisting with preparations for part of its Peace Incubator project, IPI hosting the twentieth annual Asia-Europe published a paper examining the future Meeting (ASEM). As part of an Asia- prospects of OSCE peace operations in Europe Connectivity Vision Document, light of the organization’s engagement IPI prepared a paper setting the agenda in Ukraine (“Soft Security in Hard for greater cooperation and connectiv- Environments”). The report argues that ity between Asia and Europe. the OSCE has proven it is well-positioned and well-qualified, though not fully Fostering Dialogue in the Middle East equipped, to deploy peace operations. In its Middle East and North Africa (MENA) office, IPI hosted four meetings IPI also sought to advance peaceful res- with leaders of different faiths on “scrip- olution of lingering conflicts within and tural reasoning.” Discussions focused on between individual states. IPI worked similarities in the interpretation of differ- with two NGOs to organize closed-door ent religious texts, seeking to extract

4—International Peace Institute joint messages fostering peace, mutual 1. respect, and tolerance. IPI’s MENA office also conducted outreach for its recently launched Task Force on Regional Cooperation in the Middle East, which will hold a series of thematic retreats in 2017 to consider regional solutions to regional problems. In addition, IPI convened diplomats, government officials, religious leaders, civil society represen- 2. tatives, and journalists in the region to discuss how the international community can better protect the world’s cul- 1. Participants in IPI’s 2016 African Junior Professionals Fellowship program tural heritage during armed conflicts. 2. Seminar on the costs of the Georgian-South Ossetian conflict at the Palais Niederösterreich in Vienna Supporting a New Generation of 3. Nejib Friji, Director of IPI MENA; and Lundeg Purevsuren, Foreign Policy Advisor African Leaders to the President of Mongolia In 2016 IPI hosted seven African schol- 4. Interreligious Alliance meeting at IPI MENA ars (five women and two men) from Kenya, Lesotho, Nigeria, South Africa, and Uganda as part of its African Junior Professionals Fellowship program. Since 2008, IPI has worked in partnership with the African Leadership Centre of King’s College London to bring a select group of African scholars to New York to study the evolving role of the United Nations in peace and security in Africa. IPI helped 3. these scholars build networks with the UN and New York–based organizations and hone their research, writing, and analytical skills. To date, this program has graduated fifty-eight African scholars, all of whom have returned to study and work on the continent.

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Conflict Prevention and Peace Operations

After contributing to all three of Implementing the 2015 Peace and implementation and offers recommen- the UN’s major peace and secu- Security Reviews dations for moving forward. This score- IPI contributed to and had a direct impact card was presented to forty high-level rity reviews in 2015, IPI’s focus on all three of the UN’s major peace officials, including the head of the UN in 2016 shifted to implementing and security reviews of 2015: on peace Department of Peacekeeping Operations, their recommendations—from operations, peacebuilding, and women, at the fourth annual ministerial working maintaining the momentum of peace, and security. In 2016 IPI sought dinner on UN peace operations, which to build momentum for implementing IPI organized with the governments of peace operations reform to taking their recommendations. Finland, Indonesia, Rwanda, and Uruguay. “sustaining peace” from concept It also featured prominently at the first to reality. With no end in sight In partnership with the Norwegian meeting between the “friends of HIPPO” Institute of International Affairs and the for many of the world’s most group of member states and the transi- Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation, IPI pub- tion team of Secretary-General Guterres. violent conflicts, IPI also identi- lished a report (“Working Together for fied lessons to be learned from Peace”) on how the UN can leverage IPI also organized two workshops, recent UN mediation efforts. connections between the three reviews. together with Security Council Report The president of the General Assembly and the Stimson Center, to apply the distributed this report to member states HIPPO recommendations to specific in advance of the high-level thematic countries (Mali and Libya). These debate on the UN, peace, and security workshops supported member states in May, and several member states have in translating honest conflict analysis requested briefings. IPI’s forty-sixth into the design of realistic, effective, annual Vienna Seminar, organized with and achievable mission mandates. To the government of Austria, also explored further inform discussions around ways to implement the recommendations peace operations reform, IPI also man- from these review processes. aged an online knowledge platform (www.futurepeaceops.org) featuring IPI focused in particular on advancing analysis from members of HIPPO, implementation of the recommenda- peacekeeping practitioners, and local tions put forward by the High-Level stakeholders. Independent Panel on Peace Operations 60 (HIPPO) and by the secretary-general in Confronting New Challenges to MEMBER STATES his follow-up report. Together with the Peace Operations brought together to government of the Republic of Korea, With peace operations increasingly discuss implementation of IPI organized a conference in New York deployed to places where there is little peace operations reform bringing together more than sixty mem- or no peace to keep, IPI continued ber states to develop and refine a prac- exploring new threats that peace opera- tical, shared understanding of the reform tions face and how best to confront agenda for peace operations and how them. Over the course of 2016 IPI pub- to implement it. This project culminated lished four papers on how UN peace in the publication of a peace operations operations can implement their man- reform “scorecard,” which takes stock of dates more safely and effectively by

6—International Peace Institute using new technologies, generating bet- 1. 2. ter information and intelligence, contributing to the prevention of terrorism and violent extremism, and learning lessons from AU stabilization operations. These papers fed into a number of ongoing policy development processes, most notably when the director of IPI’s Center for Peace Operations was invited to brief the Security Council on the report 3. "Waging Peace: UN Peace Operations Confronting Terrorism and Violent Extremism." 1. Michèle Griffin, Director of the Policy Planning Unit in the Executive Office of the UN Through its Providing for Peacekeeping proj Secretary-General; and Stephen Jackson, Chief of Policy Planning and Guidance in the UN ect (www.providingforpeacekeeping.org), Department of Political Affairs IPI continued to spread ideas on how to 2. El Ghassim Wane, Assistant Secretary-General for UN Peacekeeping Operations broaden and improve countries’ contri- 3. Panel discussion on strengthening the role of women in preventing conflict and securing and butions of troops and police to peace maintaining peace at IPI’s 2016 Vienna Seminar operations. IPI also regularly updated 4. IPI’s fourth annual ministerial working dinner on UN peace operations its Peacekeeping Database, the most 5. Hardeep Singh Puri, former Permanent Representative of India to the UN and author of Perilous Interventions: The Security Council and the Politics of Chaos detailed publicly available database of such contributions. This work fed directly into discussions of policy reform within the UN Secretariat and among member states and supported the work of the UN’s new Strategic Force Generation and Capability Planning Cell.

Building on its Management Handbook for UN Field Missions from 2012, IPI developed a new scenario-based training exercise by upgrading the fictional country “Carana” to new contexts in 4. which peace operations currently oper- ate. This exercise was used at a course organized by the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Swedish Armed Forces, which taught personnel from UN missions how to confront real-world challenges such as terrorism and transnational organized 5.

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crime and how to effectively use social media in the field. 1. 2. Shifting from Containing Conflict to Sustaining Peace In support of the joint resolution in 2016 placing “sustaining peace” at the center of the UN peacebuilding architecture, IPI has focused on identifying and strengthening the factors associated with peaceful and resilient societies— 3. not just those underlying fragility and violence. IPI is working to identify what 1. IPI panel discussion on participatory policymaking and the women, peace, and security agenda sustaining peace would look like in 2. Hervé Ladsous, former UN Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations practice through a series of monthly 3. Adam Lupel, IPI Vice President; and Naomi Kikoler, Deputy Director of the Simon-Skjodt conversations among ambassadors Center for the Prevention of Genocide at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum from member states and other stake- 4. IPI’s 2016 New York Seminar on sustaining peace holders. The first conversation, in 2016, focused on how the sustainable development goals (SDGs), in particular the goal on gender equality, can contribute to sustaining peace. BRIEFING TO THE SECURITY COUNCIL IPI’s 2016 New York Seminar also focused “The deployment of peace operations in countries where there is not only little or no peace to keep, but where terrorist attacks are part of on implementing the resolution on sus- the threat landscape, adds to the complexity of the challenges facing taining peace. This seminar brought the UN system, member states, and national and local partners.” together representatives from member- —Arthur Boutellis, Director of IPI’s Center for Peace Operations, state missions in New York to explore excerpt from remarks to Security Council, November 2016 new avenues for collaboration, funding, and support. Participants called on the incoming secretary-general to make sustaining peace one of his top priorities.

Making Mediation More Effective With the UN involved in peace efforts from Latin America to the Middle East, IPI has continued to extract and broadly disseminate lessons for ongoing and future UN efforts. In 2016 IPI published

8—International Peace Institute a paper on lessons learned from UN Building Networks for Building Peace mediation in Syria (following previous Considering the integral role of local-level papers on Yemen and Libya), as well initiatives in building peace, IPI launched as a paper identifying cross-cutting a project examining the role of nation- lessons from all three conflicts (“Lost wide, community-led peacebuilding in Transition”). This analysis of lessons networks. In 2016 IPI created a new learned is continuing into 2017 with network among authors from nine a new focus on mediation processes conflict-affected countries to critically where the UN did not play a lead role examine how peacebuilders can collab- but was called on to support specific orate. IPI brought these authors together aspects of negotiations or implementa- in a workshop in South Africa, organized tion of agreements, including in Colombia, with the Center for the Study of Violence Mali, and at the local level in Syria. and Reconciliation, and created a web platform for them to exchange ideas. Expanding the Participation of Women This project is continuing into 2017 in Peace Processes with the publication of papers by each Following previous research on women in of the authors. conflict mediation, IPI sought to extend the policy debate into women’s partici- IPI also continued bringing together pation in political transitions more broadly. peacebuilders through the International IPI convened a policy forum bringing Expert Forum, a series of seminars together leading researchers and practi- seeking to propose new strategies for tioners to discuss how to improve gen- peacebuilding. Organized together with der representation in peace agreements, the Folke Bernadotte Academy, the power-sharing arrangements, and politi- SecDev Foundation, and the Center for cal transitions. This forum launched a International Peace Operations, the new IPI project examining the role of fourth seminar, in 2016, focused on the and giving a voice to women engaged impacts of climate change on peace- beyond the peace table. IPI held four building efforts. additional events focused on women, peace, and security, including a discussion on how to strengthen the participation of girls and young women in peace processes.

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Transnational Challenges to Peace and Security

IPI has continued fostering Preventing Violent Extremism in Africa Defending Open Societies transnational conversations on Throughout 2016 IPI convened conversa- With many democracies facing growing tions around the idea that a comprehen- extremism—both from outside and from transnational challenges—from sive approach going beyond securitized within their borders—IPI’s second annual discussions in Dakar to develop responses is needed to prevent violent Salzburg Forum focused on “Open new strategies to prevent violent extremism, as highlighted in the secretary- Societies under Attack.” With support extremism, to a seminar in Vienna general’s 2016 Plan of Action. Drawing on from the Open Society Foundations the conclusions of a seminar organized and the King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz on how to defend open societies, in Tunisia in 2015, IPI contributed to the International Centre for Interreligious to a summit in Reykjavik pro- international Francophonie conference and Intercultural Dialogue (KAICIID), moting cooperation on nuclear in Paris working toward the develop- this seminar explored how to maintain non-proliferation. ment of a new “Global Action Plan security without restricting rights and for Francophone Countries to Fight freedoms. The participation of Nobel Terrorism.” Peace Prize laureate Abdessattar Ben Moussa brought particular attention IPI also organized, together with the UN to Tunisia’s challenges in achieving Office for West Africa and the Sahel not just strong governance but good (UNOWAS) and the Swiss Federal governance. Department of Foreign Affairs, a regional seminar in Senegal to explore alterna- Promoting Nuclear Non-proliferation tive ways to address violent extremism Thirty years after Ronald Reagan and in the Sahel-Sahara. The seminar’s sixty Mikhail Gorbachev met in Reykjavik, participants, from a range of sectors in Iceland, to discuss moving toward a fourteen countries, agreed on a number nuclear-weapons-free world, IPI orga- of recommendations for how the UN nized another meeting in the same and its partners could better support building. At a time of renewed tensions national governments and local authori- between Russia and the West, this ties and involve citizens in preventing meeting allowed diplomats, politicians, violent extremism.

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10—International Peace Institute arms control experts, and representatives of civil society to examine ways to improve cooperation and promote nuclear non-proliferation. The event, which received extensive media cover- age, featured video messages from two central figures at the 1986 Reykjavik 4. meeting: former US Secretary of State George Schultz and Gorbachev. Despite the current geopolitical instability, participants stressed the importance of keeping alive the “spirit of Reykjavik” and the dream of a nuclear-weapons- free world.

Measuring the Impact of World 5. 6. Drug Policies As the General Assembly convened its special session on the world drug problem (UNGASS) in 2016, IPI brought together a network of researchers, REYKJAVIK SEMINAR ON practitioners, and member states on NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION the sidelines of the discussions. This network, which is continuing its work “We need to renew dialogue. Stopping it into 2017, is using cutting-edge metrics was the biggest mistake.” to study the effects of global drug pol- —Mikhail Gorbachev, video address to seminar participants icy on peace, security, and sustainable development.

1. Panel discussion on investing in peace and the prevention of violence in West Africa and the Sahel 2. Regional seminar in Dakar on investing in peace and the prevention of violence in West Africa and the Sahel 3. Participants in IPI’s 2016 Salzburg Forum on “Open Society under Attack: The Return of Ideology” 4. Participants in an event on the legacy of the Reykjavik Summit at the historic Höfđi House 5. ICM retreat on weapons of mass destruction, non-proliferation, and disarmament 6. Peter Sutherland, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for International Migration

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Governance and Sustainable Development

In the spirit of the sustainable Linking Sustainable Development from this crisis are not forgotten. IPI development goals (SDGs), IPI’s and Peace partnered with the Executive Office of Seizing on the historic 2030 Agenda for the Secretary-General in conducting a research in 2016 highlighted Sustainable Development—the first ever lessons-learned exercise to review the links between sustainable devel- UN agenda explicitly linking sustainable performance of UNMEER in 2015. In opment and peace—from the development to peace—IPI launched a reporting the results of this review to the migration crisis to the Ebola project to examine these links more General Assembly in 2016, the secretary- closely. Together with the Quaker UN general officially acknowledged the outbreak to urban governance. Office and the permanent missions of involvement of IPI. IPI’s complementary Leveraging these links will be Finland, Mexico, and Morocco to the independent report will be published essential to implementing the UN, IPI organized a high-level meeting in in 2017. IPI also published a report in SDGs over the coming years. 2016 to connect the dots between the 2016 featuring case studies by authors 2030 Agenda and the General Assembly’s from Liberia and Sierra Leone, which high-level meeting on refugees and demonstrate the importance of good migrants. A second meeting explored governance for effectively responding how the business community and the to health crises. public sector can work together in turn- ing the inspiration behind the SDGs Beyond Ebola, IPI continued advising into reality on the ground. This work will the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation continue into 2017 with the publication of on the relationship between health five case studies on implementation of and security, including in terms of the SDGs in specific countries. the response to polio in Pakistan. In response to the shockingly high number Bolstering Responses to Public of people killed, injured, or disabled Health Emergencies every year due to traffic accidents, IPI While the Ebola outbreak in West Africa also hosted a meeting of the High- has ended and the UN Mission for Ebola Level Panel for Road Safety, which the Emergency Response (UNMEER) closed Fédération Internationale de l’Automo- in 2015, IPI continued working over the bile launched in 2015. In support of course of 2016 to make sure the lessons the UN Decade of Action for Road

ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL RESPONSE TO EBOLA

The Office of the UN Secretary-General conducted the assessment “in close collaboration with the International Peace Institute, leveraging [its] policy research, strategic analysis and convening capabilities.” —Secretary-general’s report on lessons learned from UNMEER

12—International Peace Institute Safety, IPI sought to mainstream this 1. 2. issue into the UN’s work on the SDGs and in other areas.

Building Resilience in Cities IPI’s research on urban fragility culminated in a report, published in 2016, presenting ideas for how cities can become more resilient by better managing, adapting to, and recovering from 3. internal and external pressures (“Building Resilience in Cities under Stress”). The report features case studies on Bangkok, Dhaka, Lagos, Medellín, and Mumbai by urban security or development experts 1. David Nabarro, Special Adviser for the UN Secretary-General on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development living in each of those cities. It also offers 2. Sima Sami Bahous, Assistant Secretary-General, Assistant Administrator, and crosscutting recommendations for poli- Director of the UN Development Programme’s Regional Bureau for Arab States cymakers on how to strengthen urban 3. ICM public consultation on global pandemics and global public health resilience by adopting dynamic urban 4. Joanne Liu, International President of Médecins Sans Frontières planning, optimizing urban governance, adding voices to decision making, and focusing on spatial segregation.

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Humanitarian Affairs

With the gap between humani- Forging Collective Responses to migration. IPI also published two reports tarian needs and responses Migration Crises in 2016 exploring what lessons could be In light of the largest movement of peo- learned from earlier migration crises: continuing to grow in 2016, IPI ple since the end of the Second World in the Canary Islands in 2006 and in focused the international com- War, IPI has continued seeking more Southeast Asia in the 1980s. munity’s attention on how to effective multilateral approaches to ref- Building Consensus on address this problem. IPI’s work ugees and migrants. To help member states prepare for the General Assembly’s Humanitarian Policy in this area fed into the General high-level meeting on addressing large To confront the serious gap between Assembly’s high-level meeting on movements of refugees and migrants, IPI humanitarian needs and the interna- refugees and migrants and the convened two meetings: one in Vienna tional community’s capacity to respond, IPI has been spreading information on World Humanitarian Summit. on how to simultaneously protect borders and refugees, and one in New York the challenges and opportunities for on how to adapt institutional and legal effective delivery of aid and building frameworks to the challenges at hand. consensus on policies that could address Another high-level dialogue focused on these. As part of its Humanitarian Affairs links between migration and the SDGs. Series, IPI hosted three events focused on the situation of refugees in Ethiopia To broaden dialogue on the migration and Palestine and on how to engage crisis to young professionals and stu- young people in transforming humani- dents, the inaugural Peace Café in IPI’s tarian action. Policy ideas generated Vienna office focused on “people on from this work contributed to the 2016 the move.” After presentations from Security Council resolution on health- migration experts, participants divided care in armed conflict and the World into two groups to discuss in depth the Humanitarian Summit. challenges and implications of mixed

1. Clementine Awu Nkweta-Salami, Representative of the UN Refugee Agency in Ethiopia; and Els Debuf, IPI Senior Adviser for Humanitarian Affairs 2. Pierre Krähenbühl, Commissioner-General of the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

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IPI maintains several web Keeping a Pulse on Global Trends Sharing Data on Peacekeeping platforms to make data on In 2016 IPI created a Global Trends Unit IPI used data mining and automated to provide information on changes in programming to continue updating its peacekeeping and a wide range the global context that affect risk and Peacekeeping Database on a monthly of other topics more widely resilience. This research has informed basis throughout 2016. The database available. These platforms have work across IPI, including the final includes information on member states’ been widely recognized as report of the Independent Commission contributions of troops, police, experts, on Multilateralism. IPI’s Data Lab also and funding to UN peace operations. important tools that facilitate expanded its Catalogue of Indices UN peacekeeping staff have consis- data-driven decision making (https://theglobalobservatory. tently reached out to IPI about using the on today’s global challenges. org/2016/09/catalogue-indices/), database, and its host site, Providing for the first repository of open-source, Peacekeeping, has received more than country-level indices. In 2016 the 60,000 visitors. catalogue increased the number of indices covered from 60 to 200, including 25 indicators related to the status of women, and incorporated a thematic focus on the sustainable development goals.

PEACEKEEPING DATABASE “Datasets [like IPI’s Peacekeeping Database] have facilitated more detailed research on trends in the provision of UN peacekeepers and analysis of mission success.” —Laura Bosco, International Peacekeeping 24, no. 1 (2017)

1. 2. 1. 2016 IPI Catalogue of Indices 2. Thong Nguyen, Program Administrator of IPI’s Data Lab

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Where We Work

NEW YORK Headquarters NEW YORK VIENNA Headquarters Europe & Central Asia

MANAMA Middle East & North Africa • Held ten public fora with candidates for UN secretary-general • Presented to the Security Council on how peace operations can better counter terrorism and prevent violent extremism • Brought together a wide range of stakeholders in New York to brainstorm how best to implement the three 2015 peace and security reviews • Highlighted links between the SDGs and peace, as well as the gap between humanitarian needs and capacity, at a series of events in New York

16—International Peace Institute • Facilitated dialogue to advance peace in the Caucasus • Examined the role of the OSCE in building confidence and resolving conflicts • Explored how to protect open societies at the second annual Salzburg Seminar • Developed a new scenario-based exercise used to train UN peacekeepers in Sweden • Refocused attention on the dream of a nuclear-weapons-free world at a high-level seminar in Reykjavik

VIENNA Europe & Central Asia

MANAMA Middle East & North Africa

• Identified and broadly disseminated lessons learned from UN mediation efforts in Libya, Syria, and Yemen • Convened a task force to explore regional solutions to regional problems in the Middle East and North Africa • Held four interreligious dialogues between faith leaders in Bahrain

• Organized a seminar in Senegal to explore alternative ways to address violent extremism in the Sahel-Sahara • Assembled experts from nine conflict- affected countries in South Africa to examine the potential of nationwide, community-led peacebuilding networks • Hosted future leaders from Kenya, Lesotho, Nigeria, South Africa, and Uganda through the African Junior Professionals Fellowship program

International Peace Institute—17 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

Independent Commission on Multilateralism

IPI created the Independent Com contemplating how to sustain our a half of deliberations. The ICM mission on Multilateralism (ICM) in fragile global order in the face of the drew upon these deliberations to September 2014 to ask the question: turbulence confronting it. The report produce “discussion papers,” which How can the UN-based multilateral suggests ten general principles to were broadly circulated for a formal system be made more “fit for pur- guide a revitalized multilateral system period of public comment. This was pose”? After two years of consulta- and makes recommendations for followed by a series of issue-specific tions and research, this project confronting specific challenges across public consultations, which were culminated in 2016 with the launch fifteen topics, each of which will be webcast to the wider world. of a final report: “Pulling Together: the focus of an issue-specific paper The Multilateral System and Its released over the course of 2017. Altogether, 342 diplomats, academ- Future.” The report was launched in ics, UN officials, and civil society New York in September during the These recommendations emerged actors attended the ICM retreats, UN General Assembly’s high-level from an open, transparent, and con- and 612 people participated in the week, as well as in Geneva and sultative process. The ICM briefed public consultations. The public Vienna in December. The ICM final each of the UN’s geographical group- consultation on youth, which was report complements another report ings on its proposed work in early held online through Facebook Live, authored by the ICM’s chair, Kevin 2015 to take into account the views reached more than 56,000 people Rudd, and published by IPI. of member states and invite them to connected to IPI on Facebook, as participate in the ICM’s program. For well as over 117,000 additional The ICM’s report came as a new each of its topics, the ICM then orga- Facebook users. secretary-general was preparing to nized a retreat bringing together take office and the wider public was thirty or more experts for a day and

173,000 953 ICM website (www.ICM2016.org) PEOPLE PARTICIPANTS reached by Facebook Live in ICM retreats and public consultation on youth consultations

18—International Peace Institute PUBLICATION OF ICM FINAL REPORT “This is true groundwork that deserves the full attention of UN Member States, their capitals, and the UN Secretariat’s international civil service. The UN Secretary-General should embrace this extremely valuable work and implement its insights wherever possible.” —Srgjan Kerim, former President of the General Assembly, Huffington Post

1. 2.

3. 4.

1. ICM Final Report: “Pulling Together: The Multilateral System and Its Future” 2. José Ramos-Horta, former Prime Minister and President of Timor-Leste and Co-Chair of the ICM; Alaa Murabit, Founder of “The Voice of Libyan Women”; Kevin Rudd, former Prime Minister of Australia and Chair of the ICM; Terje Rød-Larsen, President of IPI; Hanna Tetteh, Foreign Minister of Ghana and Co-chair of the ICM; and Mark Gwozdecky, Assistant Deputy Minister of International Security & Political Affairs at Global Affairs Canada 3. Ministerial-level breakfast discussion of the report and recommendations of the ICM 4. Launch of the ICM final report at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva

International Peace Institute—19 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

Publications Books The State of UN Peace Operations Reform: An Chained to the Caucasus: Peacemaking in Implementation Scorecard, Arthur Boutellis and Karabakh, 1987–2012, Philip Remler Lesley Connolly Policy Papers Lost in Transition: UN Mediation in Libya, Syria, 63% and Yemen, Francesco Mancini and Jose Vericat UN Mediation in the Syrian Crisis: From Kofi INCREASE Has UN Peacekeeping Become More Deadly? Annan to Lakhdar Brahimi, I. William Zartman Analyzing Trends in UN Fatalities, Marina E. Henke in online readership and Raymond Hinnebusch of IPI publications Working Together for Peace: Synergies and Issue Briefs from 2015 to 2016 Connectors for Implementing the 2015 UN Reviews, The Battle at El Adde: The Kenya Defence Arthur Boutellis and Andrea Ó Súilleabháin Forces, al-Shabaab, and Unanswered Questions, The Surge to Stabilize: Lessons for the UN from Paul D. Williams the AU’s Experience in Somalia, Walter Lotze The SDGs and Prevention for Sustaining Peace: and Paul D. Williams Exploring the Transformative Potential of the 1,200 Learning from the Canaries: Lessons from the Goal on Gender Equality, Youssef Mahmoud, ACADEMIC CITATIONS “Cayucos” Crisis, Walter Kemp Delphine Mechoulan, Andrea Ó Súilleabháin, and Jimena Leiva Roesch of IPI research Governance and Health in Post-Conflict Countries: published since 2008 The Ebola Outbreak in Liberia and Sierra Leone, Meeting Notes Maureen Quinn, ed. Violent Extremism: Toward a Strategy of Prevention OSCE Peace Operations: Soft Security in Hard in the Francophone Space, Olga Abilova and Environments, Walter Kemp Arthur Boutellis Building Resilience in Cities under Stress, Francesco UN Peace Operations in Violent and Asymmetric Mancini and Andrea Ó Súilleabháin, eds. Threat Environments, Olga Abilova and Smart Peacekeeping: Toward Tech-Enabled UN Arthur Boutellis Operations, A. Walter Dorn IPI Salzburg Forum 2015: The Rule of Law and Demystifying Intelligence in UN Peace Operations: the Laws of War, Maximilian Meduna Toward an Organizational Doctrine, Olga Abilova Applying the HIPPO Recommendations to Mali: and Alexandra Novosseloff Toward Strategic, Prioritized, and Sequenced Waging Peace: UN Peace Operations Confronting Mandates, IPI, the Stimson Center, and Security Terrorism and Violent Extremism, Arthur Boutellis Council Report and Naureen Chowdhury Fink Assessing UN Peace Operations One Year after Managing the “Boat People” Crisis: The the HIPPO Report, Arthur Boutellis and Comprehensive Plan of Action for Indochinese Delphine Mechoulan Refugees, Alexander Casella

20—International Peace Institute IPI Online IPI’s social media presence on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube connects the Institute to more than 120,000 followers and plays a crucial role in showcasing its work. IPI’s social media fol- Investing in Peace and the Prevention of Violence in lowing increased by 67 percent in 2016, and viewership of both the West Africa and the Sahel-Sahara: Conversations on the IPI and the Global Observatory Facebook pages steadily increased Secretary-General’s Plan of Action, Arthur Boutellis, Olga Abilova, Delphine Mechoulan, and Lesley Connolly throughout the year. Economic Connectivity: A Basis for Rebuilding Stability and 400000Since IPI began webcasting in September 2011, its events have been Confidence in Europe?, Indira Abeldinova and Walter Kemp 350000seen more than 11,500 times live and more than 385,000 times via IPI Salzburg Forum 2016: Open Societies under Attack, 300000recorded video. In 2016 IPI also began streaming some events on Maximilian Meduna Facebook Live, directly broadcasting them to IPI’s Facebook network. 250000 Independent Commission on Multilateralism IPI’s public consultations with candidates for secretary-general were (ICM) Final Reports 200000all streamed on Facebook Live, and the ICM public consultation on youth, conducted as an online-only interactive question-and-answer UN 2030: The ICM Chair’s Report, Kevin Rudd 150000session, garnered more than 12,000 views. Pulling Together: The Multilateral System and Its Future 100000 ICM Policy Papers The opening of the UN General Assembly in September was a high point50000 for IPI’s social media engagement in 2016. To celebrate the Women, Peace, and Security International0 Day of Peace on September 21st, IPI led a social media ICM Discussion Papers campaign, #InstitutePeace, asking people how they would build a Forced Displacement, Refugees, and Migration more peaceful world. IPI also partnered with Snapchat to produce The Relationship Between the UN and Regional a “World Peace Day Story” available to 150 million users. Organizations, Civil Society, NGOs, and the Private Sector The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Visits to IPI’s websites have tripled since 2011 Addressing Climate Change (in thousands) The Impact of New Technologies on Peace, Security, and Development 400 Engaging, Supporting, and Empowering Global Youth 350 Armed Conflict: Mediation, Conciliation, and Peacekeeping 300 Humanitarian Engagements 250 Global Pandemics and Global Public Health Weapons of Mass Destruction, Non-proliferation, 200 and Disarmament 150

Justice, Human Rights, and the International 100 Legal System 50

0 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16

36% 90% 784 increase in followers on increase in views of IPI social media posts using Facebook from 2015 to videos on Facebook from IPI campaign hashtag 2016 (32,779 total) 2015 to 2016 #InstitutePeace (43,744 total)

International Peace Institute—21 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

Events

The past eight years have seen a significant increase in the number of events organized by IPI, from 54 events in 2006 to 129 in 2016. IPI’s events in New York alone brought together more than 4,000 participants in 2016. In 2016 IPI organized its events in New York in collaboration with 56 unique partners, including member states, NGOs, and UN agencies.

Ministerial Meetings Attacks on Health Care in Armed Conflict: Investing in Peace and the Prevention of Strengthening Global-Regional Peace and A Role for the Security Council Violence in West Africa and the Sahel Security Partnerships: The Centrality of Co-organized with the Permanent Missions Co-organized with the UN Office for West the AU-UN Relationship of Egypt, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, and Africa and the Sahel and the Permanent Co-organized with the Permanent Mission Uruguay to the United Nations Mission of Switzerland to the UN of Sweden to the United Nations Addressing the Security Threat of Climate South Sudan: The Untold Story from Reframing Prevention, Investing in Peace: Change on Small Island Developing States Independence to Civil War Moving from Rhetoric to Action Co-organized with the Permanent Mission Preventing Mass Atrocities in an Era of Co-organized with the Permanent Missions of Italy to the United Nations and Security Global Transition of Argentina, Ethiopia, Norway, and the Council Report Co-organized with the US Holocaust Republic of Korea to the United Nations Working Together for Peace and Security: Memorial Museum Eleventh annual informal ministerial Moving from Silos to Synergies From Global Promise to National Action: working dinner on the Middle East Co-organized with the Permanent Mission States and Civil Societies Advancing Co-organized with the foreign ministers of of Italy to the United Nations Women, Peace, and Security Luxembourg and the United Arab Emirates How Mass Atrocities End: What Are the Co-organized with One Earth Future and Pulling Together: The Multilateral System Lessons from the Past for Today? the Institute for Inclusive Security and its Future Co-organized with Tufts University A Discussion on the United Nations Taking Stock, Looking to the Future: A Book Launch: Thabo Mbeki: The Rise and Security Council and Military High-Level Dialogue on United Nations Fall of Africa’s Philosopher-King, edited by Interventions with Hardeep Singh Puri, Peace Operations Adekeye Adebajo author of Perilous Interventions: The Co-organized with the governments of Consolidating the AU-UN Strategic Security Council and the Politics of Chaos Finland, Indonesia, Rwanda, and Uruguay Partnership for an Effective International Peace Agreements, Power-Sharing, and Ninth annual Trygve Lie Symposium— Peace and Security Architecture Political Transitions: Women’s Roles in UN70: A New Agenda for the Next Co-organized with the Norwegian Institute Colombia, Syria, Yemen, and beyond Secretary-General of International Affairs and Nordiska Co-organized with UN Women Co-organized with the Ministry of Foreign Afrikainstitutet Reaching the Furthest Behind First: Affairs of Norway Political Obstacles to Rule of Law and Implementing the 2030 Agenda Human Rights Co-organized with the Permanent Missions Policy Fora How the Global South Shaped the of Norway and Somalia to the United Nations Youth, Peace, and Security International Human Rights System and the UN Development Programme Co-organized with the Permanent Missions Demystifying Intelligence in UN Peace Preventing Violent Extremism: of Jordan and Sweden to the United Nations, The Challenges Ahead the UN Peacebuilding Support Office, and Operations Ensuring No One Is Left Behind: A High- Co-organized with the Prevention Project the Working Group on Youth and and the Institute for Economics and Peace Peacebuilding Level Dialogue on Migration and Refugees The Road to Peace: Why the SDGs Are Good for Business

22—International Peace Institute 129 EVENTS organized by IPI in 2016

1. 2. 3.

1. Jill Stoddard, IPI Director of Web & Multimedia and Web Editor; and Mary Anne Feeney, IPI Director of External Relations 2. World Café discussion on women, peace, and security 3. IPI film screening, The Destruction of Memory

Expert Roundtable Discussions, The Challenges and Opportunities for Civil Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Workshops, and Conferences Society Contributions to the Malian Peace Srgjan Kerim of Macedonia UN Peace Operations in Violent and Accord and Its Implementation Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Asymmetric Threat Environments Co-organized with the Global Partnership Irina Bokova of Bulgaria UN Peace Operations Review: Taking for the Prevention of Armed Conflicts Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Stock, Leveraging Opportunities, and Sustaining Peace in an Urban World Igor Lukšić of Montenegro Charting the Way Forward Co-organized with the Center on Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Co-organized with the Permanent Missions International Cooperation, the Permanent Miroslav Lajčák of Slovakia of Ethiopia, Norway, and the Republic of Missions of Australia and the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the United Nations, the Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Korea to the United Nations in partnership Susana Malcorra of Argentina with the Office of the President of the Global Alliance for Urban Crises, Terreform, General Assembly the Foundation for Achieving Seamless Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Christiana Figueres of Costa Rica Applying the Recommendations of the Territory, UN Habitat, and the UN High-Level Independent Panel on Peace Peacebuilding Support Office UN 2030: Rebuilding Order in a Fragmenting World Operations (HIPPO) and the UN Global Leaders Secretary-General in Mali Featuring Kevin Rudd, Chair of the Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Independent Commission on The Role of Small States on the UN Vesna Pusić of Croatia Multilateralism Security Council Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: A Changing World: Can Institutions Cope? État des lieux des opérations de paix de Natalia Gherman of Moldova Featuring Kristalina Georgieva, Vice l’ONU un an après la sortie du rapport du Preventing in Practice President of the European Commission Panel indépendant de haut niveau (HIPPO) Featuring Astrid Thors, OSCE High Humanitarian Affairs Series People on the Move: How to Address Large Commissioner on National Minorities Movements of Refugees and Migrants? Digital Estonia: Harnessing the Power of Addressing the Refugee Situation in Investing in Peace and the Prevention of Information Technology for Improved Ethiopia: A Conversation with Violence in West Africa and the Sahel: Governance Clementine Awu Nkweta-Salami Conversation on the Secretary-General’s Featuring Taavi Rõivas, Prime Minister of Co-organized with the UN High Plan of Action to Prevent Violent the Republic of Estonia Commissioner for Refugees Extremism Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Transforming Humanitarian Action with Local Networks for Peace in Africa: Vuk Jeremić of Serbia and for Young People: The New York Launch of the Compact for Young People Drawing Lessons from Community-Led Security Challenges in Europe: Perspectives Peacebuilding in Humanitarian Action from the OSCE Co-organized with the UN Population Fund Applying the HIPPO and UNSG Featuring Ambassador Lamberto Zannier, Recommendations to Libya: Toward OSCE Secretary General Addressing the Refugee Situation in Palestine Strategic, Prioritized, and Sequenced Secretary-General Candidates at IPI: Mandates António Guterres of Portugal Co-organized with Security Council Report and the Stimson Center

International Peace Institute—23 1. Adekeye Adebajo, Executive Director of the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town 2. Hillary Saviello, IPI Social Media Officer

1. 3. Ahmad Alhendawi, former UN Secretary-General’s Envoy on Youth

2. 3.

SRSG Series Women, Peace, and Security: Are We UN Security Council Lunches with the How to Keep Lebanon Stable in an There Yet? A World Café Discussion Secretary-General Unstable Region Co-organized with One Earth Future and UN Security Council lunch hosted Featuring Sigrid Kaag, UN Special Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung New York for Angola Coordinator for Lebanon Toward Peaceful, Just, and Inclusive UN Security Council lunch hosted Societies: Applying a Gender Perspective Distinguished Author Series for France Co-organized with Saferworld and the Scott Shane, author of Objective Troy: Permanent Mission of Estonia to the External Events for Donors or Partners A Terrorist, a President, and the Rise of United Nations Reception for Catholic Medical the Drone Applying the Global Study on Women, Mission Board Tarek Osman, author of Islamism: What It Peace, and Security Policy Forum for the Norway Ad Hoc Means for the Middle East and the World Co-organized with UN Women and the Liaison Committee Meeting Agnia Grigas, author of Beyond Crimea: Permanent Mission of Estonia to the Meeting of the Fédération Internationale The New Russian Empire United Nations de l’Automobile High-Level Panel for Shadi Hamid, author of Islamic Training Road Safety Exceptionalism: How the Struggle over UN Effectiveness, Efficiency, Coherence, Islam Is Reshaping the World Annual IPI New York Seminar—Sustaining Peace: Implementing United Nations and Impact in Helping Developing Women, Peace, and Security Series Security Council Resolution 2282 and Countries Meet Their Sustainable General Assembly Resolution 70/262 Development Needs Generating Inclusive National Strategies Organized for the Government of Sweden to Prevent Violent Extremism and Co-sponsored by the Permanent Missions Counter Terrorism of Italy and Mexico to the United Nations Lost in Transition: UN Mediation in Libya, Syria, and Yemen Co-organized with the Institute for Inclusive Special Events Security and the UN Counter-Terrorism Organized for the Permanent Mission of Committee Film Screening: The Destruction of Memory Germany to the United Nations Co-organized with the Permanent Examining the Complementarities between A Conversation with United Nations Missions of Italy and the Netherlands Secretary-General-Designate the Women, Peace, and Security and the to the United Nations Youth, Peace, and Security Agendas: António Guterres Strengthening the Participation of Girls 777 Club: Four informal receptions for Organized for the UN Foundation and Young Women through UNSCR 2250 members of the UN community and the Co-organized with the Permanent Mission wider diplomatic community in New York of Italy to the United Nations and the UN featuring guests of honor including UN Peacebuilding Support Office Envoy on Youth Ahmad Alhendawi and incoming President of the General Assembly Peter Thomson

24—International Peace Institute 4. Peter Thomson, President of the General Assembly’s 71st Session 5. Hilde F. Johnson, former Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the UN Mission in the Republic of South Sudan 6. Taavi Rõivas, Prime Minister of the Republic of Estonia

4. 5. 6.

Vienna Office Events Regional Office for the Middle East ICM Retreats Peace Café—People on the Move: Coping and North Africa Events Humanitarian Engagements with Mixed Migration and Integration Opportunities and Challenges in the Weapons of Mass Destruction, The Cost of Conflict: Research and Analysis Middle East Non-proliferation, and Disarmament of the Georgian–South Ossetian Conflict Featuring Tony Blair, former Prime Minister Global Pandemics and Global Forty-sixth annual IPI Vienna Seminar— of the United Kingdom Public Health Prepared for the Future? Adapting Peace Partnerships and Foreign Policy Engaging, Supporting, and Empowering Operations to a Changing World Featuring Lundeg Purevsuren, Foreign Global Youth Minister of Mongolia Co-organized with the Austrian Federal Communication Strategy for the UN Ministry for Europe, Integration and Future Global Leaders Multilateral System Foreign Affairs and the Austrian Federal Featuring Adam Jade Kadia, young peace Ministry of Defence and Sports writer from Bahrain Armed Conflict: Mediation, Conciliation, and Peacekeeping Protecting Borders and Refugees: Inter-Religious Alliance Meeting Is It Possible? Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum ICM Public Consultations Book Launch: Chained to the Caucasus: Award for World Peace (MRAWP) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Peacemaking in Karabakh, 1987–2012, by Fast for Peace and Addressing Climate Change/UN and Philip Remler Peace Readers Forum Regional Organizations, Civil Society, NGOs, and the Private Sector Northeast Asia Peace and Cooperation Social Peace in Countries in Transition Initiative Impact of New Technologies on Peace, Co-organized with the Ministry of Foreign Launches of ICM Final Report Security, and Development Affairs of the Republic of Korea Launch of the ICM Final Report in Engaging, Supporting, and Empowering Salzburg Forum—Open Societies under New York Global Youth Attack: The Return of Ideology Launch of the ICM Final Report in Geneva Armed Conflict: Mediation, Conciliation, Georgia’s Quest for Stability amidst Co-organized with the Graduate Institute of and Peacekeeping Regional Upheaval International and Development Studies Humanitarian Engagements Desperate Migration and Health: Impact Launch of the ICM Final Report in Vienna Global Pandemics and Global and Remedies Public Health The Legacy of the Reykjavik Summit: An Weapons of Mass Destruction Inspiration for Arms Control and Reducing Justice, Human Rights, and the Tensions Today? International Legal System

International Peace Institute—25 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

Statements of Financial Position December 31, 2016 and 2015

2016 2015 ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,089,642 $ 1,429,138 Unconditional promises to give Unrestricted 892,933 2,532,449 Restricted to future programs and periods 4,745,371 6,484,652 Accounts and other receivables 8,213 17,557 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 126,586 136,949 Investments 1,852,600 1,701,565 Property and equipment, at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization 2,830,171 3,227,047 Security deposits 138,428 130,441 Total Assets $ 13,683,944 $ 15,659,798 LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS Liabilities Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 581,247 $ 670,762 Commitments Net Assets Unrestricted 6,857,558 7,101,025 Temporarily restricted 5,387,472 7,030,344 Permanently restricted 857,667 857,667 Total Net Assets 13,102,697 14,989,036 Total Liabilities and Net Assets $ 13,683,944 $ 15,659,798

2016 EXPENSE RATIOS

83.8% Program Services 7.3% General & Administrative 8.9% Fundraising

26—International Peace Institute Statements of Activities Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

2016 2015 CHANGES IN UNRESTRICTED NET ASSETS Revenue, gains, and support Contributions $ 8,180,395 $ 6,244,680 Donated services and materials 489,464 233,908 Investment income (loss) 152,788 (7,467) Loss on foreign currency exchange (12,776) (79,184) Miscellaneous income 5,676 19,955 8,815,547 6,411,892 Net assets released from restrictions Satisfaction of time and program restrictions 1,884,127 3,650,098 Total revenue, gains, and support 10,699,674 10,061,990 Expenses Program services 9,179,935 9,788,200 Supporting services General and administrative 794,156 887,218 Fundraising 969,050 724,685 Total supporting services 1,763,206 1,611,903 Total expenses 10,943,141 11,400,103 Decrease in unrestricted net assets (243,467) (1,338,113) CHANGES IN TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS Contributions 266,804 4,098,166 Net assets released from restrictions (1,884,127) (3,650,098) Reduction for unexpected project funding (25,549) — Increase (decrease) in temporarily restricted net assets (1,642,872) 448,068 Decrease in net assets (1,886,339) (890,045) Net assets, beginning of year 14,989,036 15,879,081 Net Assets, End of Year $ 13,102,697 $ 14,989,036

Audited financial statements prepared on accrual basis; complete statements and notes available at www.ipinst.org.

International Peace Institute—27 Who We Are

BOARD OF DIRECTORS Yerzhan Kh. Kazykhanov Katja Pehrman Ban Ki-moon, Honorary Chair Ambassador of Kazakhstan to the Permanent Representative of Finland Secretary-General, United Nations United Kingdom to the OSCE Michael W. Doyle, Chair Jan Kickert Liselotte Plesner Director, Columbia Global Policy Initiative, Permanent Representative of Austria Ambassador of Denmark to Austria Columbia University to the UN Christian Strohal Mortimer B. Zuckerman, Vice-Chair, Sylvie Lucas Ambassador, Permanent Representative Secretary, and Treasurer Permanent Representative of Luxembourg of Austria to the OSCE Chairman of the Board, Boston Properties to the UN Alexa L. Wesner Chairman and Editor-in-Chief, US News & Amre Moussa Ambassador of the United States of America World Report Former Foreign Minister, Egypt to Austria Kevin Rudd, Vice-Chair Former Secretary-General, League of Claude Wild Chairman, Independent Commission on Arab States Permanent Representative of Switzerland to Multilateralism Karel Jan Gustaaf van Oosterom the UN Office in Vienna and UN Industrial Former Prime Minister and Permanent Representative of the Development Organization Labor Party Leader, Australia Netherlands to the UN Hubert Wurth Richard P. Brown, Jr. Olara A. Otunnu Ambassador of Luxembourg to Austria Counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius President, LBL Foundation for Children Kandeh Yumkella Daniele D. Bodini Geir O. Pedersen Chair, UN Energy Permanent Representative of the Permanent Representative of Norway CEO, Sustainable Energy for All Republic of San Marino to the UN to the UN Lord Levy Ghassan Salamé MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA House of Lords, United Kingdom Dean, Paris School of International Affairs ADVISORY COUNCIL Whitney MacMillan at Sciences Po Fawzi Abdul Ali Chairman Emeritus, Cargill, Inc. Joint Professor, Sciences Po and Ambassador of Libya to Bahrain Columbia University Ann Phillips Adel Khalil Almoayyed Member of the Board, World Policy Institute Brian E. Urquhart Board Member, Bahrain Institute for Member of the Advisory Board, Council on Former UN Under-Secretary-General for Political Development Special Political Affairs Global Initiatives of the New School Ibrahim Elias Assaf James P. Rubin Christian Wenaweser Chargé d’Affaires, Embassy of Lebanon Visiting Scholar, Rothermere American Permanent Representative of Liechtenstein in Bahrain to the UN Institute, Oxford University Hani Aziz Jean Todt Reverend, National Evangelical Church President, Fédération Internationale VIENNA ADVISORY COUNCIL Adel A. El-Labban de l’Automobile Mohammed A. Al-Salloum Member of Board of Directors and Brigitte Wertheimer Former Ambassador of Saudi Arabia Executive Committee, Ahli United Bank to Austria President, Project Peace by Tourism Khalid Ibrahim Al Fadhala Terje Rød-Larsen Bente Angell-Hansen Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Derasat Ambassador of Norway to Austria President, International Peace Institute Vagif Garaev Erhard Busek Ambassador of Russia to Bahrain Former Vice Chancellor of Austria INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY Khalid bin Khalifa Al Khalifa COUNCIL Helen Eduards Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees Ambassador of Sweden to Austria Prince Turki Al-Faisal and CEO, Isa Cultural Centre Chairman, King Faisal Center for Research Caspar Einem Abdulredha Abdula Khoury and Islamic Studies President, Austrian Institute for Ambassador of the United Arab Emirates International Affairs Prince Zeid Ra’ad Zeid Al-Hussein to Bahrain Vice President, European Forum Alpbach UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Abdullah bin Rashid bin Ali Al Maduli Yury Viktorovich Fedotov Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Ambassador of Oman to Bahrain Director General, UN Office in Vienna Minister for Foreign Affairs, Executive Director, UN Office on Ebrahim Nonoo United Arab Emirates Drugs and Crime Head of the Jewish Community in Bahrain Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabr Al-Thani Benita Ferrero-Waldner May Otaibi Former Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, Former European Commissioner for External Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees, State of Qatar Relations and European Neighbourhood Bahrain Institute for Political Development Marc Perrin de Brichambaut Jean Marc Hoscheit William V. Roebuck Former Secretary-General, Organization for Ambassador of Luxembourg to the Ambassador of the United States of America Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) UN Office in Geneva to Bahrain Vitaly Churkin Maria-Pia Kothbauer Khalid Mohamad Al Ruwaihi Permanent Representative of Russia Princess of Liechtenstein Executive Director, Derasat to the UN Ambassador of Liechtenstein to Austria Muhammad Ali Siraj Ibrahim Gambari Johannes Kyrle Ambassador of Jordan to Bahrain Chancellor, Kwara State University, Former Secretary-General, Austrian Abuja, Nigeria Federal Ministry for European and Claude Heller International Affairs Ambassador of Mexico Research Associate, El Colegio de Mexico

28—International Peace Institute STAFF Delphine Mechoulan Indira Abeldinova Policy Analyst Policy Analyst Jilla Moazami Eyyothil Abdulrahiman Executive Assistant to the President Donors Driver Amanda Murchison Beatrice Agyarkoh Events Coordinator The International Peace Institute extends special Events Coordinator Thong Nguyen gratitude to its donors, whose partnership and Nadia Al-Said Program Administrator generosity make IPI’s work on international peace Program Coordinator Andrea Ó Súilleabháin and security possible. Margaret Ambrosino Senior Policy Analyst Administrative Assistant Andres Peña Paz In 2016, IPI worked to deepen existing partnerships Robert Artuz Facilities Assistant and develop new strategic partnerships in order to Accountant Asteya Percaya further strengthen the Institute’s financial base. Johanna Borstner Volunteer Officer-in-Charge (Vienna) Camilla Reksten-Monsen Arthur Boutellis Chief of Staff Director of the Center for Peace Operations Apolinar Reynoso IPI wishes to recognize the James Bowen Information Technology Administrator Associate Editor Terje Rød-Larsen following major donors in 2016: Madeline Brennan President Assistant Production Editor Rodrigo Saad Brian Campbell External Relations Coordinator GOVERNMENTS AND MULTILATERAL Social Media Intern Hillary Saviello ORGANIZATIONS Assistant Web Editor Mona Christophersen Australia Liechtenstein Senior Adviser Annie Schmidt Austria Luxembourg Lesley Connolly Data and Design Coordinator Bahrain Mongolia Policy Analyst Jill Stoddard Canada Netherlands Els Debuf Director of Web & Multimedia Denmark Norway Senior Adviser and Web Editor Estonia Republic of Korea Farah El-Barnachawry Taimi Strehlow Finland Sweden Office and Events Manager (MENA) Program Planning and Budget Manager France Switzerland Mary Anne Feeney Ana Tangarife Germany Turkey Director of External Relations Facilities Manager Ireland United Arab Emirates Italy United Nations Nejib Friji Dianna Tavarez King Abdullah United Nations Office Director of Middle East and Office Manager (New York) North Africa Office Albert Trithart Bin Abdulaziz for West Africa and International Centre the Sahel (UNOWAS) Barbara Gibson Assistant Editor for Interreligious World Bank Secretary-General of the ICM Patrick Tsai Bookkeeper and Intercultural Signe Hanson Dialogue (KAICIID) Events Intern Allison White Zelia G. Herrera Development Officer Director of Finance and Administration John L. Hirsch EXTERNAL ADVISERS CORPORATIONS, FOUNDATIONS, Senior Adviser Alex J. Bellamy AND INDIVIDUALS Non-resident Senior Adviser Warren Hoge Senior Adviser for External Relations Craig Charney Bill & Melinda Gates Norwegian Institute of Non-resident Senior Adviser Foundation International Affairs Kathrin Kaisinger Carnegie Corporation (NUPI) Office and Events Assistant, Vienna Office Emmanuel Letouzé Non-resident Adviser of New York One Earth Future Beatrice Krichelli Fédération Foundation Francesco Mancini Program Coordinator Internationale de Stimson Center Non-resident Senior Adviser Jimena Leiva Roesch l’Automobile Tufts University Senior Policy Analyst Jose Vericat Foundation to Promote United Nations Adviser Adam Lupel Open Society Foundation Vice President Paul D. Williams George Mason WEM Foundation Non-resident Senior Adviser Youssef Mahmoud University Senior Adviser LINKS (Dialogue, Analysis and Research) (Reflects IPI board, advisory councils, staff, and advisers as of December 31, 2016) International Peace Institute

New York

Headquarters 2016 ANNUAL REPORT 777 United Nations Plaza New York, NY 10017-3521 United States Tel: +1-212-687-4300 Fax: +1-212-983-8246

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PHOTO CREDITS Dean Calma, Bob Gore, Howard Heyman, Joe Peoples, Don Pollard, Gunnar Vigfússon