DOCSLIB.ORG

Read a Report on the 2010 Chilean Earthquake and Tsunami Response

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Read a Report on the 2010 Chilean Earthquake and Tsunami Response !!!!!! ! Report on the 2010 Chilean Earthquake and Tsunami Response ! ! ! ! ! ! Open-File Report 2011-1053 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! "#$%&'!!()%!*+,#!-.#!/012,#&3!454&,6%7,!89.+:.7;!.7!,)%!<.,3!#=!"#7<%5<.#7!,)4,! <#++452%:!:9&.7;!,)%!>49+%!%4&,)?94@%A!B)#,#!<#9&,%23!#=!C#&;%!*&,9&#!D#&84&! ".2,%&742A! ! Report on the 2010 Chilean Earthquake and Tsunami Response ! ! ! ! ! By the American Red Cross Multidisciplinary Team Principal investigators: Richard Hinrichs, PhD, CEM, Lucy Jones, Ph.D., Ellis M. Stanley, Sr., CEM, and Michael Kleiner, CEM ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Open-File Report 2011-1053 ! ! U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2011 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: American Red Cross Multi-Disciplinary Team, 2011, Report on the 2010 Chilean earthquake and tsunami response: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1053, 68 p. [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1053/]. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. FRONT COVER The Alto Rio 15-story apartment building in the city of Concepcion that collapsed during the Maule earthquake. Photo courtesy of Jorge Arturo Borbar Cisternas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iii 0AI >%,)#:#+#;3! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! IM! 0AL ").+%47!>%:.<4+!T&;47._4,.#74+!H,&9<,9&%! ! ! ! ! LE! 0AK [.242,%&!-%25#72%!T$%&$.%`! ! ! ! ! ! ! L/! 0AKA/ [.242,%&!B+472! ! ! ! ! ! ! L/! 0AKAI "#6647:!47:!"#7,&#+! ! ! ! ! ! L/! 0AKAL U%`!S#$%&76%7,! ! ! ! ! ! ! LI! 0AKAK B%&,.7%7,!(.6%+.7%!=#&!-%25#72%!"##&:.74,.#7! ! ! LI! 0AKA0 B%&,.7%7,!H,4,.2,.<2!! ! ! ! ! ! LI! 0A0 J66%:.4,%!47:!F4&+3!-%25#72%!! ! ! ! ! ! LL! 0A0A/ J72,.7<,.$%!-%25#72%!! ! ! ! ! ! LL! 0A0AI O#25.,4+!F$4<94,.#7! 47:!F7;.7%%&.7;!F$4+94,.#7!! ! LL! 0A0AL \,.+.,.%2! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! LK! 0A0AK B4,.%7,!F$4<94,.#7!! ! ! ! ! ! LK! 0A0A0 H9&;%!"454<.,3! ! ! ! ! ! ! L0! 0A0A0A/ D%:2!! ! ! ! ! ! ! L0! 0A0A0AI H,4==!! ! ! ! ! ! ! L0! 0A0A0AL V#+97,%%&2! ! ! ! ! ! ! LW! 0A0A0AK >.+.,4&3! ! ! ! ! ! ! LW! 0A0A0A0 H955+.%2!! ! ! ! ! ! ! LW! 0A0A0AW "&.2.2!"4&%! ! ! ! ! ! ! LW! 0A0AW O#25.,4+!47:!O%4+,)!"4&%!"#7,.79.,3!47:!-%25#72%!! ! LY! 0A0AWA/ >%:.<4+!-%<#&:!R%%5.7;! ! ! ! ! LY! 0A0AWAI H5%<.4+!>%:.<4+!U%%:2! ! ! ! ! LZ! 0A0AWAL D%)4$.#&4+!O%4+,)! ! ! ! ! ! LZ! 0A0AY "#6697.<4,.#7!47:!>%:.4! ! ! ! ! ! LM! 0A0AZ >#&8.:.,3!47:!>#&,4+.,3! ! ! ! ! ! LM! 0AW O%4+,)!H%&$.<%2!R%3!Q.7:.7;2!47:!-%<#66%7:4,.#72!! ! ! KE! 0AY a9%2,.#72!=#&!,)%!*6%&.<47!-%:!"&#22!,)4,!*&.2%!=&#6!,)%!").+%47! F4&,)?94@%!47:!-%25#72%!! ! ! ! ! ! ! KI! ! WAE V#+97,%%&!>474;%6%7,! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KL! WA/ J7,&#:9<,.#7! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KL! WAI >%,)#:#+#;3! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KL! WAL S%7%&4+!").+%47!-%:!"&#22!V#+97,%%&!D4<@;&#97:! ! ! ! KK! WAK (.6%+.7%!#=!").+%47!-%:!"&#22!-%25#72%! ! ! ! ! KK! WA0 ").+%47!-%:!"&#22!V#+97,%%&!"#66.,6%7,!! ! ! ! ! KK! WAW ").+%47!-%:!"&#22!V#+97,%%&!*<,.$4,.#7! ! ! ! ! K0! WAY ").+%47!-%:!"&#22!V#+97,%%&!J:%7,.=.<4,.#7![9&.7;!4![.242,%&! ! K0! WAZ ").+%47!-%:!"&#22!V#+97,%%&![4,4842%!! ! ! ! ! K0! WAM ").+%47!-%:!"&#22!-%,%7,.#7! ! ! ! ! ! ! K0! WA/E "#6697.<4,.#7! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KW! WA// Q.&%![%54&,6%7,!V#+97,%%&!>474;%6%7,! ! ! ! ! KW! WA/I V#+97,%%&!>474;%6%7,!Q.7:.7;2!47:!-%<#66%7:4,.#72!! ! KY! ! YAE !FG%<9,.$%!>474;%6%7, !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KZ! YA/ J7,&#:9<,.#7! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KZ! iv YAI *74+32.2!#=!H#<.4+!J7,%&4<,.#72! ! ! ! ! ! ! KM! YAIA/ H#<.4+!B&.#&.,.%2! ! ! ! ! ! ! KM! YAIAI -%+4,.#72).52!8%,`%%7!*;%7<.%2! ! ! ! ! KM! YAIAL -%25#72.8.+.,.%2!=#&![#<96%7,4,.#7! ! ! ! 0E! YAIAK "9+,9&%! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0/! YAL J65+.<4,.#72!=#&!"4+.=#&7.4!47:!,)%!*6%&.<47!-%:!"&#22! ! ! 0I! YALA/ -%+4,.#72).52b! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0I! YALAI H#<.4+!B&.#&.,.%2! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0I! YALAL -%25#72.8.+.,.%2!=#&![#<96%7,4,.#7! ! ! ! 0L! YALAK "9+,9&%! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0K! ! ZAE -%<#66%7:4,.#72!=#&!"4+.=#&7.4! ! ! ! ! ! ! 00! ! MAE -%<#66%7:4,.#72!=#&!,)%!*6%&.<47!-%:!"&#22! ! ! ! ! 0Y! ! /EAE H#9&<%2!47:!*<@7#`+%:;6%7,2! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0M! /EA/!H#9&<%2! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0M! /EAI!*<@7#`+%:;6%7,2! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0M! ! //AE *55%7:.<%2!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! WE! //A/ *55%7:.G!*'!*6%&.<47!-%:!"&#22!>9+,.:.2<.5+.74&3![%+%;4,.#7!,#! !").+%cB4&,.<.547,!P.2,!! ! ! ! ! ! ! WE! //AI *55%7:.G!D'!H9664&3!#=!>%%,.7;2!)%+:!.7!").+%! ! ! ! WI! ! /IAE!S+#224&3!#=!(%&62!.7<+9:.7;!*<&#7362! ! ! ! ! ! WY! v ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' This page intentionally left blank vi ()*'+,%-.$/0%'1.22345' In July 2010, in an effort to reduce future catastrophic natural disaster losses for California, the American Red Cross coordinated and sent a delegation of 20 multidisciplinary experts on earthquake response and recovery to Chile. The primary goal was to understand how the Chilean society and relevant organizations responded to the magnitude 8.8 Maule earthquake that struck the region on February 27, 2010, as well as how an application of these lessons could better prepare California communities, response partners and state emergency partners for a comparable situation. Similarities in building codes, socioeconomic conditions, and broad extent of the strong shaking make the Chilean earthquake a very close analog to the impact of future great earthquakes on California. To withstand and recover from natural and human-caused disasters, it is essential for citizens and communities to work together to anticipate threats, limit effects, and rapidly restore functionality after a crisis. The delegation was hosted by the Chilean Red Cross and received extensive briefings from both national and local Red Cross officials. During nine days in Chile, the delegation also met with officials at the national, regional, and local government levels. Technical briefings were received from the PresidentÕs Emergency Committee, emergency managers from ONEMI (comparable to FEMA), structural engineers, a seismologist, hospital administrators, firefighters, and the United Nations team in Chile. Cities visited include Santiago, Talca, Constitucin, Concepcin, Talcahuano, Tumbes, and Cauquenes. The American Red Cross Multidisciplinary Team consisted of subject matter experts, who carried out special investigations in five Teams on the (1) science and engineering findings, (2) medical services, (3) emergency services, (4) volunteer management, and (5) executive and management issues (see appendix A for a full list of participants and their titles and teams). While developing this delegation, it was clear that a multidisciplinary approach was required to properly analyze the emergency response, technical, and social components of this disaster. A diverse and knowledgeable delegation was necessary to analyze the Chilean response in a way that would be beneficial to preparedness in California, as well as improve mitigation efforts around the United States. By most standards, the Maule earthquake was a catastrophe for Chile. The economic losses totaled $30 billion USD or 17% of the GDP of the country. Twelve million people, or ! of the population of the country, were in areas that felt strong shaking. Yet only 521 fatalities have been confirmed, with 56 people still missing and presumed dead in the tsunami. The Science and Technology Team evaluated the impacts of the earthquake on built environment with implications for the United States. The fires following the earthquake were minimal in part because of the shutdown of the national electrical grid early in the shaking. Only five engineer-designed buildings were destroyed during the earthquake; however, over 350,000 housing units were destroyed.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Magnitude 8.8 Offshore Maule Region Chile Earthquake of February 27, 2010
    THE MAGNITUDE 8.8 OFFSHORE MAULE REGION CHILE EARTHQUAKE OF FEBRUARY 27, 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized PRELIMINARY SUMMARY OF DAMAGE AND ENGINEERING RECOMMENDATIONS A Report to the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized by FRANCISCO MEDINA - PETER I. YANEV - ALEXANDER P. YANEV Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized April 18, 2010 Rev. 01: 07/07/10 Cover: Torre O’Higgins office building in Concepción. Back Cover: Constitución. The Magnitude 8.8 Offshore Maule Region, Chile Earthquake CONTENTS Acknowledgments, iv Executive Summary, v Prologue (by V.V. Bertero), vii 1. Background and Summary of the Investigation .......................................................... 1 2. General Engineering Observations.............................................................................. 3 3. Detailed Engineering Observations............................................................................. 4 3.1. Effects of the earthquake duration on building performance, 4 3.2. Effects of soil conditions on building performance, 5 3.3. Ground motion records, 6 3.4. Low-rise buildings (up to 4 stories), 6 Old and non-engineered buildings Engineered confined-masonry buildings Post-1950 buildings Steel-framed buildings Tsunami effects to buildings 3.5. Mid-rise and high-rise buildings (over 4 stories), 13 Damage to shear wall buildings Damage to exterior building cladding Damage to unusual architectural exterior details 3.6. Interior architectural and equipment damage, 20 3.7. Other structures, 23 Hospitals Historic public buildings
    [Show full text]
  • The 2010 Chile Earthquake: Observations and Research Implications
    The 2010 Chile Earthquake: Observations and Research Implications Jeff Dragovich Jay Harris 9 December 2010 national earthquake hazards reduction program Presentation Outline • The earthquake and seismic hazard • Design practices Chile US/Canada • NIST mobilization • Observations: Reinforced concrete Steel Irregularities Separation/non-structural • Initiated Research national earthquake hazards reduction program What Will Not Be Covered • Detailed Seismology • Geotechnical • Transportation • Tsunami • Ports / harbors • Lifelines • Organizational Issues • Socio-economic national earthquake hazards reduction program “Ring of Fire” Nazca Plate national earthquake hazards reduction program World’s Largest Earthquakes No Rank Year Location Name Magnitude 1 1 1960 Valdivia, Chile 1960 Valdivia earthquake 9.5 2 2 1964 Prince William Sound, USA 1964 Alaska earthquake 9.2 3 3 2004 Sumatra, Indonesia 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake 9.1 4 4 1952 Kamchatka, Russia Kamchatka earthquakes 9.0 5 4 1868 Arica, Chile (then Peru) 1868 Arica earthquake 9.0 6 4 1700 Cascadia subduction zone 1700 Cascadia earthquake 9.0 7 7 2010 Maule, Chile 2010 Chile earthquake 8.8 10 10 1965 Rat Islands, Alaska, USA 1965 Rat Islands earthquake 8.7 11 10 1755 Lisbon, Portugal 1755 Lisbon earthquake 8.7 12 10 1730 Valparaiso, Chile 1730 Valparaiso earthquake 8.7 13 13 2005 Sumatra, Indonesia 2005 Sumatra earthquake 8.6 16 16 2007 Sumatra, Indonesia September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes 8.5 20 16 1922 Atacama Region, Chile 1922 Vallenar earthquake 8.5 21 16 1751 Concepción, Chile 1751 Concepción earthquake 8.5 22 16 1687 Lima, Peru 1687 Peru earthquake 8.5 23 16 1575 Valdivia, Chile 1575 Valdivia earthquake 8.5 national earthquake hazards reduction program Event Summary • The February 27th, 2010 magnitude 8.8 offshore Maule Chile earthquake is one of the 5 largest earthquakes ever recorded.
    [Show full text]
  • The Magnitude 8.8 Offshore Maule Region Chile Earthquake of February 27, 2010
    THE MAGNITUDE 8.8 OFFSHORE MAULE REGION CHILE EARTHQUAKE OF FEBRUARY 27, 2010 PRELIMINARY SUMMARY OF DAMAGE AND ENGINEERING RECOMMENDATIONS A Report to the World Bank by PETER I. YANEV - FRANCISCO MEDINA - ALEXANDER P. YANEV April 18, 2010 Rev. 01: 07/07/10 Cover: Torre O’Higgins office building in Concepción. Back Cover: Constitución. The Magnitude 8.8 Offshore Maule Region, Chile Earthquake CONTENTS Acknowledgments, iv Executive Summary, v Prologue (by V.V. Bertero), vii 1. Background and Summary of the Investigation .......................................................... 1 2. General Engineering Observations.............................................................................. 3 3. Detailed Engineering Observations............................................................................. 4 3.1. Effects of the earthquake duration on building performance, 4 3.2. Effects of soil conditions on building performance, 5 3.3. Ground motion records, 6 3.4. Low-rise buildings (up to 4 stories), 6 Old and non-engineered buildings Engineered confined-masonry buildings Post-1950 buildings Steel-framed buildings Tsunami effects to buildings 3.5. Mid-rise and high-rise buildings (over 4 stories), 13 Damage to shear wall buildings Damage to exterior building cladding Damage to unusual architectural exterior details 3.6. Interior architectural and equipment damage, 20 3.7. Other structures, 23 Hospitals Historic public buildings 3.8. Infrastructure, 25 Santiago International Airport Santiago Metropolitan Train Transportation infrastructure
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstruction in Chile Post 2010 Earthquake.Pdf
    ReBuilDD Field Trip September 2011 RECONSTRUCTION IN CHILE POST 2010 EARTHQUAKE Stephen Platt Rebuilding, Cerro Centinela, Talcahuano, Concepción, Chile UNIVERSITY OF ImageCat CAMBRIDGE CAR Field Trip to Chile, September 2011 i Published by Cambridge Architectural Research Ltd. CURBE was established in 1997 to create a structure for interdisciplinary collaboration for disaster and risk research and application. Projects link the skills and expertise from distinct disciplines to understand and resolve disaster and risk issues, particularly related to reducing detrimental impacts of disasters. CURBE is based at the Martin Centre within the Department of Architecture at the University of Cambridge. About the research This report is one of a number of outputs from a research project funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), entitled Indicators for Measuring, Monitoring and Evaluating Post-Disaster Recovery. The overall aim of the research is to develop indicators of recovery by exploiting the wealth of data now available, including that from satellite imagery, internet-based statistics and advanced field survey techniques. The specific aim of this trip report is to describe the planning process after major disaster with a view to understanding the information needs of planners. Project team The project team has included Michael Ramage, Dr Emily So, Dr Torwong Chenvidyakarn and Daniel Brown, CURBE, University of Cambridge Ltd; Professor Robin Spence, Dr Stephen Platt and Dr Keiko Saito, Cambridge Architectural Research; Dr Beverley Adams and Dr John Bevington, ImageCat. Inc; Dr Ratana Chuenpagdee, University of Newfoundland who led the fieldwork team in Thailand; and Professor Amir Khan, University of Peshawar who led the fieldwork team in Pakistan.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chile Earthquake Database – Ground Motion and Building Performance Data from the 2010 Chile Earthquake – User Manual
    NIST GCR 15-1008 NIST Disaster and Failure Studies Data Repository: The Chile Earthquake Database – Ground Motion and Building Performance Data from the 2010 Chile Earthquake – User Manual Ann Christine Catlin Santiago Pujol This publication is available free of charge from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.GCR.15-1008 NIST GCR 15-1008 NIST Disaster and Failure Studies Data Repository: The Chile Earthquake Database – Ground Motion and Building Performance Data from the 2010 Chile Earthquake – User Manual Prepared for Long Phan Engineering Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD By Ann Christine Catlin Santiago Pujol Purdue University This publication is available free of charge from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.GCR.15-1008 December 2015 U.S. Department of Commerce Penny Pritzker, Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology Willie E. May, Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology and Director NIST Disaster and Failure Studies Data Repository The Chile Earthquake Database Ground Motion and Building Performance Data from the 2010 Chile Earthquake User Manual i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction to the Chile Earthquake Database .............................................................................1 2. Getting Started ..............................................................................................................................2 3. Data Collection and Organization ....................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • The February 27, 2010 Chile Earthquake
    The February 27, 2010 Chile Earthquake Roberto Leon School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Tech Atlanta, GA 30332-0355 Importance of this Event • 3rd largest earthquake in modern times – best proof of where our infrastructure is at. • Building codes in Chile are very similar to the USA (ACI, AISC, etc.) – what works and what does not? • Well-developed economy – direct and indirect losses can be translated to USA. • Design earthquake or above? • Human losses (about 450 deaths) and direct economic losses (up to $30B) – can this be translated to Seattle? A Brief Description of Chile Area = 292,183 square miles Population = 17.0 million GDP (PPP) = $14,529 (43rd) Capital: Santiago (about 5.5 million) Main cities: Valparaiso (0.8 million) Concepcion ( 0.66 million) • Strong economic2000 growth x 150 miles over the past 15 years – best in Latin America • Most important exports are minerals and agricultural products • Strong democracy following long military dictatorship • Excellent health and education infrastructure Long, narrow territory = lack of alternate paths for all communications and services ww.mapsofworld.com Pacific Rim of Fire Vancouver Seattle Portland 4 SUBDUCTION PLATE INTERACTION Marine Andes mountain West trench Coastline East range Pacific Ocean Nazca Plate South American Plate Intraplate (medium depth) Intraplate (low depth - volcanic) Interplate (Benioff Zone ) 1994 Bolivia Earthquake (Ms = 8.2; depth = 600 km Redrawn after R. Saragoni ( U. of Chile) 5 SUBDUCTION ZONE 2.5 cm./year South American Name Ms 15.6 cm./year plate 1985 Santiago 8.0 Nazca plate 1995 Antofagasta 8.0 1906 Valparaíso 8.2 1943 Coquimbo 8.2 1922 Vallenar 8.5 5.9 cm./year 2010 Maule 8.8 1960 Valdivia 9.5 One major earthquake about every 15 years! Redrawn after R.
    [Show full text]
  • USGS Open-File Report 2011-1053
    Report on the 2010 Chilean Earthquake and Tsunami Response Open-File Report 2011-1053, version 1.1 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: The Alto Rio 15-story apartment building in the city of Concepcion that collapsed during the Maule earthquake. Photo courtesy of Jorge Arturo Borbar Cisternas. Report on the 2010 Chilean Earthquake and Tsunami Response By the American Red Cross Multidisciplinary Team Principal investigators: Richard Hinrichs, PhD, CEM, Lucy Jones, Ph.D., Ellis M. Stanley, Sr., CEM, and Michael Kleiner, CEM Open-File Report 2011-1053, version 1.1 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2011 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: American Red Cross Multi-Disciplinary Team, 2011, Report on the 2010 Chilean earthquake and tsunami response: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1053, v. 1.1, 68 p. [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1053/]. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report.
    [Show full text]
  • The 27 February 2010 Central South Chile Earthquake: Emerging Research Needs and Opportunities
    The 27 February 2010 Central South Chile Earthquake: Emerging Research Needs and Opportunities Report from Workshop August 19, 2010 EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE U.S. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION The 27 February 2010 Central South Chile Earthquake: Emerging Research Needs and Opportunities Workshop Report Prepared by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute from a workshop held August 19, 2010 With funding from the National Science Foundation* Workshop Steering Committee: Jack Moehle, Chair Jay Berger Jonathan Bray Lori Dengler Marjorie Greene Judith Mitrani-Reiser William Siembieda November 2010 *Additional funding support for participant travel to the workshop was provided by CONICYT, the Geo-Engineering Extreme Events Reconnaissance Association, the International Technology Center-Americas/US Army at the US Embassy in Santiago, NEEScomm at Purdue University and the US Office of Naval Research Global Support. © 2010 Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, California 94612-1934. All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, 499 14th St., Suite 320, Oakland, CA 94612-1934, telephone: 510/451-0905, fax: 510/451-5411, e-mail: [email protected], web site: www.eeri.org Funding for this workshop and this resulting report has been provided by the National Science Foundation under grant CMMI-1045037. This report is published by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), a nonprofit corporation. The objective of EERI is to reduce earthquake risk by advancing the science and practice of earthquake engineering by improving understanding of the impact of earthquakes on the physical, social, economic, political, and cultural environment, and by advocating comprehensive and realistic measures for reducing the harmful effects of earthquakes.
    [Show full text]
  • Far-Field Tsunami Data Assimilation for the 2015 Illapel Earthquake
    Geophys. J. Int. (2019) 219, 514–521 doi: 10.1093/gji/ggz309 Advance Access publication 2019 July 05 GJI Seismology Far-field tsunami data assimilation for the 2015 Illapel earthquake Y. Wang ,1,2 K. Satake,1 R. Cienfuegos,2,3 M. Quiroz 2,3 and P. Navarrete2,4 1Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 2Centro de Investigacion´ para la Gestion´ Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN), CONICYT/FONDAP/1511007, Santiago, Chile 3Departamento de Ingenier´ıa Hidraulica´ y Ambiental, Escuela de Ingenier´ıa, Pontificia Universidad Catolica´ de Chile, Santiago, Chile 4Departamento de Ingenier´ıa Civil Industrial Matematica,´ Escuela de Ingenier´ıa, Pontificia Universidad Catolica´ de Chile, Santiago, Chile Accepted 2019 July 4. Received 2019 June 28; in original form 2019 March 6 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gji/article/219/1/514/5528623 by guest on 26 August 2020 SUMMARY The 2015 Illapel earthquake (Mw 8.3) occurred off central Chile on September 16, and gen- erated a tsunami that propagated across the Pacific Ocean. The tsunami was recorded on tide gauges and Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (DART) tsunameters in east Pacific. Near-field and far-field tsunami forecasts were issued based on the estimation of seismic source parameters. In this study, we retroactively evaluate the potentiality of fore- casting this tsunami in the far field based solely on tsunami data assimilation from DART tsunameters. Since there are limited number of DART buoys, virtual stations are assumed by interpolation to construct a more complete tsunami wavefront for data assimilation.
    [Show full text]
  • Of2010-1152 20100720I Kanam
    Comparison of the 1960 (Mw=9.5) and the 2010 Chilean (Mw=8.8) Earthquakes. For the 2010 Chile earthquake, within one hour……….. Ruegg et al., (PEPI, 2009) with GPS study “We would then conclude that the southern part of the Concepción–Constitución gap has accumulated a slip deficit that is large enough to produce a very large earthquake of about Mw= 8.0–8.5. ― Teleseismic body-wave inversion Lay et al.(GRL, 2010) Moment-rate function, Lay et al. 92010) Teleseismic body-wave inversion, Caltech Tectonic Observatory (Anthony Sladen) Slip distribution from seismic, INSAR, and GPS, courtesy of Caltech Tectonic Observatory Comparison of strain records of the 1960 (ISA) and the 2010 (PFO) Chilean earthquakes R/G sensitivity=6.3 1960 Chile 2010 Chile R2 R3 NW R4 R5 R6 nano strain Time, s bp n 4 c 0.0005 0.01 p 1 Strain seismogram of the 2010 Chilean (Maule) earthquake recorded at PFO (NW component) Observed R2 R3 NW R4 R5 R6 nano strain Time, s synthetic bp n 4 c 0.0005 0.01 p 1 2010 Chile PFO strain (observed) G1 G2 G3 G4 EW nano-strain NS R1 R2 R3 R4 NW Time, s bp_n4_c_0.0002-0.005_p1 2010 Chile PFO strain (synthetic GCMT) G1 G2 G3 G4 EW nano-strain NS R1 R2 R3 R4 NW Time, s bp_n4_c_0.0002-0.005_p1 Normal mode spectrum (from 300s to 1 hour) 2010 Maule, TUC Vertical from O.T. 20000s taper Han 0.2-0.2 computed observed Frequency, mHz Normal mode spectrum (from 300s to 1 hour) 2010 Maule, MAJO Vertical from O.T.
    [Show full text]
  • Surviving a Tsunami: Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan
    Surviving a Tsunami: Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan Eyewitness accounts of the Pacific Ocean tsunami associated with the giant Chilean earthquakes in 1960 and 2010 Information on the 2014 edition Information on the original edition For Bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as follows: Intergovernmental English version: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1187: (1999; revised 2005): Oceanographic Commission. 2014. Surviving a Tsunami: Lessons From Chile, Hawaii, and http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1187/ Japan, 2014 edition, Paris, UNESCO, 24 pp., illus. IOC Brochure 2014-2 Rev. (English) Spanish version: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1218: (2001; revised 2009): Published by the United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture. http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1218/ 7 Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France IOC Brochure 2014-2 (IOC/BRO/2014/2 Rev.) Cataloging-in-Publication data are on file with the Library of Congress (URL http://www.loc.gov/). Printed by UNESCO/IOC – NOAA International Tsunami Information Center, 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 176, Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 U.S.A. Information on the 2010 additions After the 2010 Chile Tsunami, the International Tsunami Information Center (ITIC) was asked to update the booklet to add information on historical and potential tsunami sources The Spanish booklet was updated as a rapid response after the 27 February 2010 off South America, Middle America, and in the Caribbean. In addition, lessons learned Chile earthquake and tsunami. The Explora program, the UNESCO’s DIPECHO from the 2010 tsunami were included in this booklet which was published in Spanish by project and the School of Ocean Sciences of the Pontificia Universidad Católica UNESCO IOC in 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquake Source Process and Strong Ground Motions of the 2010 Chile Mega-Earthquake
    Earthquake Source Process and Strong Ground Motions of the 2010 Chile Mega-Earthquake Nelson PULIDO1, Toru SEKIGUCHI2, Gaku SHOJI3 , Jorge ALBA4, Fernando LAZARES5, and Taiki SAITO6 1Researcher, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0006, Japan) E-mail:[email protected] 2 Assistant Professor, Chiba University, Department of Urban Enviroment Systems (1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan) E-mail: [email protected] 3Member of JSCE, Associate Professor, University of Tsukuba (1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan) E-mail: [email protected] 4 Professor, Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria, Peru (Av. Tupac Amaru 1150, Lima 25, Peru) E-mail: [email protected] 4 Researcher, Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria, CISMID, Peru (Av. Tupac Amaru 1150, Lima 25, Peru) E-mail: [email protected] 6Chief Research Engineer, IISEE, Building Research Institute (1 Tachihara, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0802, Japan) E-mail:[email protected] We report on a reconnaissance survey on the seismological and geotechnical aspects of the 27 February, 2010 Maule mega-earthquake, Chile, carried out between April 27 and May 1, 2010. The survey was sponsored by the Japan Science and Technology Agency and JICA (SATREPS). In this study we surveyed the cities of Concepción Viña del Mar and Santiago. We also performed microtremors measurements at strong motion stations sites that recorded the earthquake. We will give an outline of the fault rupture process and strong motion characteristics of the earthquake. Key Words : 2010 Chile earthquake, strong motion, source process, permanent displacement, site effects, microtremors H/V 1.
    [Show full text]