FUTURE : 6 & 8

The Roman World

Aeneid and Greek Epic

Homeric epic • Iliad – warfare • Homer Odyssey – journey (home)

Alexandrian epic • Apollonius of Rhodes Argonauca – journey (mission)

• Aeneid – all of this, plus ROME Early Roman Literature 250 -150 BCE

• Epic & • Epic poets (Greek, became a Roman) Naevius (Roman) Ennius (S. Italian)

• Literary colonizaon: Livius’ translaon of Odyssey (c. 250)

• 220s Naevius’ epic = Naonal epic

• Ennius - Naonal epic - to mid 3rd century BCE Passages which reference the FUTURE

• Jupiter’s speech: Aen. 1.256-297 • Parade of heroes in the Underworld: Aen. 6.756-892 [Appendix I] • Shield of : Aen. 8.626-728 [Appendix II] Aeneid 1-6: the body count

• Dido • Palinurus • • Creusa • • …everyone else who died at

PLAYING WITH TIME: the PAST

• Homeric parallels: • Aeneid 2 & 3//Odyssey 9-12 • loss of helmsman //Elpenor in Odyssey 11 • Hector • Creusa • Polydorus PLAYING WITH TIME: the FUTURE

• profugus fato • 2.780ff. – Creusa’s ghost • Hesperia () and River Thybris (Tiber) • 3.95ff – Delos, ’s instrucons • 3.133ff. – Crete: Pergamea • 3.295 Buthrotum: Helenus, Andromache & ‘Lile Troy’ Overview of Narrave

• Themes throughout the Aeneid: • Book 6 • Descent to the Underworld • Foundaon of Rome • Meets his father Anchises Themes throughout the • Points out those souls about to be Aeneid: reborn • Rome within the Mediterranean - Foundaon of Rome • Book 7 • • Aeneas arrives in Laum

- Rome within the • Book 8 Mediterranean • Tiber appears to Aeneas in a dream • Alliance with Evander, King of - Aeneas // Augustus? Acadians • Future site of Rome • Receives Shield Figures from Aeneas’ past in the Underworld

• Leucaspis and Orontes • Palinurus • Dido • Brave warriors from the including Deiphobus, Priam’s son.

Aeneas at the entrance to the underworld hp://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320Hist&Civ/chapters/03EPIC.htm

THE UNDERWORLD: MEET THE PARENTS

• Anchises: parallels Ancleia in Odyssey 11 • Ithaka • nostos

• BUT here: Pythagoreans and Stoics theory: (723 ff.) Future men of Rome: 6.752-886

• Aeneas’ descendants

• Kings of Rome

• Heroes of the Republic

• Figures from Augustan Rome Aeneas’ Descendants and the expansion of Empire “These are the men who will build Nomentus for you, and Gabii, and the city of Fidenae. They will • set Collaa’s citadel on mountains, and Pomea • too, and Castrum Inui, and Bola and Cora. These, my son, will be the names of places • which are at this moment places without names.” (6.774-77) • • Silvius Aeneas “Augustus , son of a god, the man who will bring back the golden years to the fields of • Laum once ruled over by Saturn, and extend Rome’s empire beyond the Indians and the • Augustus Caesar Garamantes to a land beyond the stars, beyond the yearly path of the sun, where Atlas holds on his shoulder that sky all studded with burning stars and turns on its axis.” (6.792-8) Heroes of the Republic & Augustan Rome

• Brutus • Marcellus (younger) 6.860ff.

• Camillus

• and Pompey the

Great - ‘two spirits’ (6.826)

• Gracchi

• hp://www.naonalgallery.org.uk/painngs/jean-joseph-taillasson-virgil-reading-the-aeneid-to-augustus-and-octavia

Jean-Joseph Taillasson: reading the Aeneid to Augustus and Octavia. 1787

See Appendix 1 in West’s translaon for full glossary of the Parade of Heroes of Augustus

hp://www.uark.edu/campus-resources/cicero/urbs/urbs_fora.html

hp://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/forumaugplan.html

Roman desny

• Jupiter 1.278-9: On them I impose no limits of me or place. I have given them an empire that will know no end.

• Anchises 6.847-54: Others I do not doubt it will beat bronze into figures that breathe more soly. Others will draw living likenesses out of marble. Others will plead cases beer or describe with their rod the courses of the stars across the sky and predict their risings. Your task, Roman, and do not forget it, will be to govern the peoples of the world in your empire. These will be your arts – and to impose a seled paern upon peace, to pardon the defeated and war down the proud.