二零一二年十一月 November 2012 HK$280 HONG KONG LAWYER HONG KONG LAWYER 香港 THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF HONG KONG 香港律師會會刊 律師 h k - l a w y e r . org NOVEMBER NOVEMBER 2012

2012 封面專題 年

11 專訪包致金法官： 月 在法律界的一生

Cover Story Face to Face With Justice Kemal Bokhary: A Life in Law

FUNDS 基 金 FAMILY LAW 家 庭 法 IHL FOCUS 企 業 律 師 焦 點 Unleashing the Qualified Foreign Investor Putting more focus on children: Bonuses – The dangers of 放寬對合格境外投資者的規限 the Children’s Dispute Resolution oral announcements Pilot Scheme 花紅—口頭公佈的危險 ON CHINA 中 國 實 務 更側重於兒童： Dealing with China’s card monopoly 兒童糾紛調解試點計劃 中國電子支付服務市場 香 港 律 師

www.hk-lawyer.org Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 The official journal of The Law Society of Hong Kong (incorporated with limited liability) 香港律師會 (以有限法律責任形式成立) 會刊 HONG KONG LAWYER www.hk-lawyer.org THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF HONG KONG 香港律師會會刊 Editorial Board 編輯委員會 Chairman 主席 Huen Wong 王桂壎 Inside your November issue 十一月期刊內容 Jenkin SF Chan 陳少勳 Charles CC Chau 周致聰 Heidi KP Chu 朱潔冰 Steven B Gallagher Julienne Jen 任文慧 Dave Lau 劉子勁 Hans Mahncke George YC Mok 莫玄熾 Anne Scully-Hill Michele Tsang 曾憲薇 Adamas KS Wong 黃嘉晟 Cecilia KW Wong 黃吳潔華 Tony Yen 嚴元浩 THE COUNCIL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF HONG KONG 香港律師會理事會 14 LAW SOCIETY NEWS Young solicitors and law students taking time out with primary school students President 會長 Dieter LT Yih 葉禮德 年輕律師與法律系學生與小學生一同參與活動 Vice-Presidents 副會長 Stephen WS Hung 熊運信 Ambrose SK Lam 林新強 Council Members 理事會成員 Denis Brock 白樂德 Charles CC Chau 周致聰 Brian Gilchrist 喬柏仁 28 COVER STORY “As a student you Junius KY Ho 何君堯 need to have a good memory for cases – Angela WY Lee 李慧賢 as a barrister it is facts which you need Joseph CW Li 李超華 to remember. But in any case you need Michael J Lintern-Smith 史密夫 a good memory.” Peter CL Lo 羅志力 15 LAW SOCIETY NEWS The Law Society Dragon 「學生須要牢記案例，大律師須要牢記案 馬華潤 Billy WY Ma Boat Team strikes gold 情。說到底，你的記性要很好。」 Amirali B Nasir 黎雅明 律師會的龍舟隊勇奪金牌 Gavin P Nesbitt 倪廣恒 Kenneth SY Ng 伍成業 COVER On the balcony of Justice Bokhary’s office at the CFA 封面 在包致金法官的終審法院辦公室陽台上 Melissa K Pang 彭韻僖 Sylvia WY Siu 蕭詠儀 Thomas ST So 蘇紹聰 Cecilia KW Wong 黃吳潔華 3 Editor’s Note 編者的話 Huen Wong 王桂壎 4 President’s Message 會長的話 Secretary-General 秘書長 Heidi KP Chu 朱潔冰 6 Publisher’s note 出版者的話 Law Society’s Contact: www.hklawsoc.org.hk 7 Contributors 投 稿 者 與律師會聯繫 Tel: +852 2846 0500 10 FROM the council table 理事會議題 Annual Subscription 全年訂閱: HK$3,360 12 LAW SOCIETY NEWS 律師會新聞 Thomson Reuters 20 Special report 特別報告 10/F, Cityplaza 3, Taikoo Shing, Hong Kong Tel: +852 3762 3200 Views from Barcelona - www.thomsonreuters.com AIJA 50th Annual Congress ISSN 1464-6595 28 August to 1 September 2012, Barcelona © Copyright is reserved throughout. No part of AIJA第51屆週年大會於2012年8月28日至9月1日在 this publication can be reproduced in whole or 巴塞羅那舉行 ─ 後感 part without the express permission of the editor. Contributions are invited, but copies of work should 封面專題 be kept, as Hong Kong Lawyer can accept no 28 COVER STORY responsibility for loss. Face to Face With Justice Kemal Bokhary: A Life in Law 專訪包致金法官：在法律界的一生 November 香港 2012 二零一二年十一月 律師 HK$280

Editor 編輯 Vince Chong 張哲寧 [email protected] Chinese Editor 中文編輯 38 FUNDS 基 金 Edmund Cham 湛樹基 Unleashing the Qualified Foreign Investor Design and Production 設計及制作 放寛對合格境外投資者的規限 Gary Wu 胡國輝 Samson Pang 彭振生 44 FAMILY LAW 家 庭 法 Sales and Marketing Director 銷售總監 Jane Lewis 劉真美 Putting more focus on children: Managing Editor 執行主編 the Children’s Dispute Resolution Pilot Scheme Vince Chong 張哲寧 [email protected] 更 側 重 於 兒 童： Publishing Director 出版人 兒童糾紛調解試點計劃 Neerav Srivastava 史立楓 [email protected] 50 IHL FOCUS 企業律師焦點 Hong Kong Lawyer Online Bonuses – the dangers of oral announcements 香港律師在線 Robert Head 花紅—口頭公佈的危險 Rocky So 蘇衍成 中國實務 Translation team 翻譯組: 56 On China Natalie Lee 李頴琳 Dealing with China’s card monopoly Johnny Au 區仲禮 中國電子支付服務市場 Staff contributors 內部貢獻: Neerav Srivastava 史立楓 62 Industry Insights 業界透視 Kamilia Lahrichi 柳秋智 梁靜妍 Vivian Leung 72 CASES IN BRIEF 案例撮要 Kim Leung 梁景文 Special thanks to Reuters News 78 Legislation Updates 立法新知 特別感謝路透社新聞 For enquiries about advertising contact: 79 PROFESSIONAL moves 會員動向 Account Manager 客戶經理 Henry Cheng 鄭裕康 82 AFTER WORK 工餘閒情 [email protected] Tel: +852 3762 3410 Let your cups never rest! - Li Bai For subscriptions contact: 「杯莫停」- 李白 Traffic Administrator統籌 Vivian Leung 梁靜妍 88 THE last word 趣 味 [email protected] Tel: +852 3762 3268 Publisher 出版人 Klaus Pfeifer 范梓樺 [email protected]

82 AfTER WORK “Wine is not supposed to be snobbish. It is supposed to be fun and approachable.” 「葡萄酒本當充滿樂趣、平易近人， 而不是俗不可耐」。

44 FAMILY LAW “The focus is on the best interests of the children as well as the duties and responsibilities of their parents.” 38 FUNDS PRC regulators have relaxed rules to attract more foreign investment. 「側重點為兒童的最佳利益以及有關 父母的義務與責任。」 中國管理者放寬規則以吸引國外投資 editor’s note 編 者 的 話

Editor’s Note 編者的話

We at Sweet & Maxwell collected tons of feedback when tasked with 本出版社獲香港律師會委託出版並革新其會刊《香港律 the revamp of Hong Kong Lawyer. Perhaps the three most common 師》，深感榮幸。我們在籌備本期《香港律師》的過程 responses were that it needs: 中，曾徵詢律師業界對這本刊物的看法，並獲多位律師賜 1. more short, snappy and current articles (“because it is after all a 予寶貴的意見和建議，我謹此表示謝意。律師們普遍希望 society/association practitioner’s magazine”); 《香港律師》作出下列改變：

2. a fresh lighter feel in terms of design and layout, as well as livelier 一、 刊登更多簡潔、而有力的文章(「因為畢竟《香港律 photos/art work (“it is not an academic law journal”); 師》主要是供業務繁忙的執業律師閱讀的刊物」)； 3. more content targeted at groups such as in-house lawyers 二、 配合更輕柔的全新版面設計和更生動有趣的照片和插 (“prospective law firm clients”), the pro bono community (“Hong 圖(「《香港律師》並非一本學術期刊)； Kong is a developed jurisdiction and hence needs to give more focus to this”), and the overworked lawyer/business person (“more 三、 加入更多專為企業律師(「律師行的潛在客戶」)、公益 food reviews and travel pieces please, perhaps also an Agony Aunt 社群(「作為成熟的司法管轄區，香港有需要更關注公 column”) 益事務」)及被繁重的工作壓迫得喘不過氣的律師和商 We hear you, and we shall shape Hong Kong Lawyer towards gradually 人(「請刊載更多關於飲食、旅遊等文章，以及考慮增 meeting these responses, both in print and online at www.hk-lawyer. 設信箱式的傾訴和諮詢專欄)等群組而設的內容。 org, while adhering to basic editorial tenets such as provision of 我們明白到各位的訴求，而在堅守基本編輯原則(例如確 balanced views, content integrity and subject relevance. Our website 保文章持平地表達各種觀點、文章內容完善和文章主題 will be up early this month, and please do sign up for our enewsletter at 與法律業界有關等等)的同時，我們將逐步改革《香港律 www.sweetandmaxwell.com.hk/hk-lawyer. 師》印刷本及網上版本(www.hk-lawyer.org)，以迎合廣大 However, we will also need your help, in terms of contribution, to make 讀者的需要。網站將會在本月初開始運作，並在(www. this publication even more relevant to you, the reader. For example, I sweetandmaxwell.com.hk/hk-lawyer)登記接收我們的電子報。 was scouring the internet for legal humour and found that none of these sites - those in English at least – were based in Asia, much less in Hong 我們亦希望各位踴躍為《香港律師》撰文，令本刊與各位 Kong. So why not start a Legal Humour, Hong Kong column right here? 以至廣大讀者更加息息相關。舉例說，不久前我在網上搜 After all, I do have funny lawyer friends who laugh at themselves, albeit 尋一些詼諧的法律故事，而在過程中，我發覺這類網站(或 only from time to time. Alright, that was lame but you get my point. 至少英文網站)無一源於亞洲，更遑論源於香港。我們何不 Which is to call on you to write in to us with original jokes/anecdotes, 就在本刊創設一個屬於香港的「法律趣事」專欄？畢竟， travel pieces and food reviews, or simply issues at work that you feel 我確有一些喜歡不時自我幽默一番的律師朋友。不錯，這 needs to be shared. In return, if you are published, we will put up a 個例子不大貼切，但我相信各位知道我的想法。 profile of you in our all-new Contributors page, a concept well-received 所以，我誠邀各位向我們提供原創的笑話/趣聞、旅遊見 by feedback groups that were shown our proposed version of Hong Kong Lawyer. 聞、食評，或在日常工作過程中遇到的各位認為值得與大 家分享的事情。假如來稿獲本刊刊登，我們將把投稿人的 Please also tell us what you think of this publication or the stories that 簡歷刊載在本刊新設的「投稿者」專頁。這一個由我們構 we have featured, along with suggestions for improvement because, as with everything in life, we aim only to better ourselves. 思的概念，曾得到多方的積極反應。 We hope you enjoy our maiden effort, and all else that is to come. 此外，我們歡迎各位就本刊的內容和其他方面賜予意見和 建議，令本刊能不斷進步，貫徹我們精益求精的宗旨。 Thank you, 誠盼各位喜歡和支持本期及以後每一期的《香港律師》! Vince Chong Editor, Hong Kong Lawyer 張哲寧 Managing Editor, Sweet & Maxwell 《香港律師》編輯 Thomson Reuters Sweet & Maxwell執行主編 [email protected] 湯森路透

www.hk-lawyer.org 3 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

President’s Message 會長的話

Mr. Dieter Yih, President 葉 禮 德，會 長 an expansion of the legal service market but is aware of the potential problems ❝ I would like to commend our Working Party on Qianhai Project on the core values of the legal profession for their hard work and tireless efforts in exploring innovative posed by radical innovations, like ABS ways to capitalize on the opportunities open to Hong Kong legal which allow passive non-lawyer investors practitioners in the development of Qianhai. in business organisations that provide, among other services, legal services. Qianhai is situated in the west of to be sustainable. What is required The Report thus recommends that as Shenzhen enroute of the proposed is a mechanism that enables a closer a first step, partnership associations be railway link between the two airports of bond between the two parties to create allowed to operate as a legal disciplinary Hong Kong and Shenzhen. Since 2001, a seamless integration of talents and practice (“LDP”). The UK model of the state and local government of the opportunities. LDP refers to a law firm which has up PRC have promulgated a series of laws, On this front, the Report recommends to 25% non-lawyer partners. Unlike regulations and policies to facilitate the associations in Qianhai to take the form ABS, LDP may only provide the type establishment of the Qianhai-Shenzhen- of partnerships between Mainland law of services which can be provided by Hong Kong Modern Service Industry firms and Hong Kong law firms, with solicitors, notaries and foreign lawyers. Cooperation Zone. One of the proposals is each of these partnership associations For example, an accountant within an to develop Qianhai into a “model district will provide legal services in the LDP in the UK cannot perform audits of modern service industries” that adopts name of one partnership. To facilitate for clients, but he/she can provide tax internationally-accepted practices, rules internationalization of the legal service advice, general accounting services, and regulations which are not dissimilar market in the Mainland, it is also management advice or investment to those used in Hong Kong. recommended that Hong Kong lawyers advice within the limits of the Solicitors Financial Services (Scope) Rules 2001, The Study Report on The Development in the partnership should be permitted to because these are within the scope of a of The Legal Profession in Qianhai (the provide, in the Mainland, comprehensive solicitor’s practice. “Report”) was published at the beginning legal services involving the laws of Hong of November. The Report sets out in Kong and foreign jurisdictions. Mirroring this concept, the Report detail the findings of the Working Party’s The international legal arena is filled recommends that partnership study on the prospects and strategies of with news about the implementation of associations be allowed to provide the development of the legal profession Alternative Business Structures (“ABS”). legal and incidental services that are in Qianhai from various perspectives The long-term practical impact of the permitted to be carried out by law firms including policy, legality and practicality. innovative introduction of ABS on the and to offer interests in the partnership to On the basis of those findings, the legal profession still waits to be seen. non-lawyer managers up to a prescribed Report concludes with a number of The Working Party has conducted studies maximum percentage. This mode of recommendations. on ABS and various other forms of legal practice widens the scope of services that can be provided to clients. It also helps CEPA, the Closer Economic Partnership practice adopted in overseas jurisdictions retain non-lawyer talent by opening up Arrangement, started off in 2004 including legal disciplinary practice partnership prospects to non-lawyers permitting Hong Kong lawyers and (legal practice with participation by non- while keeping control of the legal practice Mainland lawyers to form associations. lawyer managers) and multi-disciplinary to qualified legal practitioners. Partnerships as a mode of association practice (integrated professional is expressly prohibited. However, a practice). The Working Party sees the To encourage Hong Kong practitioners loosely-structured association is unlikely benefits of one-stop service in facilitating to expand their practices to Qianhai,

4 www.hk-lawyer.org President’s Message 會 長 的 話 the Report urges the strengthening of ❝ 我謹此表揚香港律師會法律 因此，該報告建議，作為第一步，合伙組織 preferential measures such as widening 服務發展策略研究室-前海課題 可獲准以法律領域實務的模式運作（LDP） the scope of tax benefits, relaxing 組，他們辛勤和不懈地開拓創新 。英國模式的LDP是指一所最多擁有25％ foreign exchange controls, expediting 的方式，務求使前海的發展為香 非律師合伙人的律師事務所。而有別於ABS custom clearance procedures for 港的法律執業者所展開的機遇能 的是，LDP僅可提供由律師、公證人和外地 lawyers of the partnership associations. 得以充分利用。 律師所能提供的服務類別。例如，英國LDP Another significant recommendation 前海位於深圳西部，處於連接香港和深圳兩 內的會計師不得為客戶執行審計，但他/她 in the Report is the proposal on the 個機場之間的建議鐵路的途中。自2001年以 可以在《2001年律師財務服務（範圍）規 application of Hong Kong law in 來，中國的國家和地方政府已頒布了一系列 則》的限制內提供稅務意見、一般會計服 Qianhai. The applicable area of Hong 務、管理意見或投資意見，因為這些全屬律 Kong law currently is non-PRC civil and 的法律、法規和政策以促進「深圳前海─香 師的執業範疇。 commercial cases involving Hong Kong, 港現代服務業合作區」的建立。其中一項建 Macau and Taiwan. The Working Party 議是前海發展成採用類似香港所使用的國際 以這個概念為模仿對象，報告建議允許合伙 recommends the Shenzhen Municipal 公認慣例、規則及規例的「現代服務業示範 組織提供法律以及律師事務所獲准進行的 People’s Congress to consider making 區」。 附帶服務，並可向非律師的管理人員提供不 full use of the legislative powers 《法律界在前海的發展之研究報告》已在11 超過所規定的最高百分比之合伙權益。這種 conferred upon it by the National 月初出版。報告中詳細列明課題組從不同方 執業模式擴大了可以向客戶所提供的服務範 People’s Congress to expand the scope 面研究法律界在前海之發展前景和策略所得 圍，並且開放合伙的可能性予非律師有助於 of application of Hong Kong law in 挽留非律師人才，同時合資格的法律執業者 Qianhai. The wider the application of 出的結果，當中包括政策方針、合法性和實 亦可保持法律實務的控制。 Hong Kong law is, the stronger the 際性。在這些調查結果的基礎上，報告總結 confidence of international investors will 出一系列的建議。 為鼓勵香港的執業者擴展他們的實務至前 have in conducting business in Qianhai 《關於建立更緊密經貿關係的安排》 海，報告敦促為合伙組織的律師所提供的優 because Hong Kong laws conform with （CEPA）在2004年開始，允許香港律師和 惠措施應予以加強，例如擴大範圍的稅收優 international standards and provides a 內地律師成立聯營組織。而當中明確禁止以 惠、放寬外匯管制和加快通關手續。 familiar business environment for the 合伙作為聯營模式。然而，結構鬆散的聯營 investors to work in. 報告中另一個重要的建議是提議在前海施行 組織並不大可能得以持續。我們需要的是一 香港的法律。目前，香港的法律的適用領域 In view of the increasing participation 個能把雙方緊扣的機制，從而使優秀人才及 為涉及香港、澳門及台灣的非中國民事及商 in the provision of legal services by 運作得以無縫融合。 業案件。課題組建議深圳市人民代表大會考 Hong Kong lawyers in the Mainland, the Report also recommends that 就這方面，報告建議在前海的組織以內地的 慮充分利用由全國人民代表大會賦予它的立 Hong Kong and the Mainland should 律師事務所與香港的律師事務所之間的合伙 法權力，擴大香港的法律在前海的應用範 jointly establish a “Qianhai Lawyers 形式設立，及每個這些組織以一個合伙的名 圍。香港法律的應用範圍越廣，國際投資者 Association” as the regulatory body 義提供法律服務。為了促進內地法律服務市 在前海經營業務的信心將越強；這是因為香 responsible for regulating law firms and 場的國際化，報告亦建議該合伙的香港律師 港的法律符合國際標準，並能為投資者提供 lawyers in Qianhai. 應獲允許在內地提供涉及香港法律以及外國 一個熟悉的營商環境。 Other recommendations in the Report 司法管轄區法律的全面法律服務。 有鑑於香港律師在內地提供法律服務的參與 cover aspects on training, provision by 現時國際法律舞台上充滿著有關實施另類業 越趨增加，報告亦建議香港與內地應共同建 Hong Kong lawyers of legal services on 務架構（ABS）的消息。創新地引進ABS法律 立「前海律師協會作為監管機構，負責監管 WTO issues and expert legal opinions 界所帶來的長期實際影響仍有待觀察。課題 前海的律師事務所和律師。 to courts and tribunals in Qianhai. We 組已就ABS和其他海外司法管轄區所採用的 will send a copy of the Report to every 報告中的其他建議亦涵蓋了各方面──培 firm and the soft copy will also be 各種法律實務的形式進行研究，當中包括法 訓、香港律師就世界貿易組織的事宜提供法 uploaded on the Law Society’s website. 律領域實務（由非律師的管理人員參與法律 律服務，以及向前海的法院和審裁處提供專 Do spare some time to go through it. 實務）和跨領域實務（綜合專業實務）。課 家法律意見。我們將會把報告的副本發送 題組認為一站式服務促進法律服務市場的擴 至每所律師事務所，並其上載到律師會的網 ❞ 展有好處，但亦意識到激進的創新會對法律 站。務請騰出時間細讀。 Dieter Yih 界的核心價值觀造成潛在問題，就像ABS允 ❞ 許被動的非律師投資者參與商業組織，而該 葉禮德 等商業組織除了別的服務外，亦有提供法律 服務。

www.hk-lawyer.org 5 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012 Publisher’s note 出版者的話

Sweet & Maxwell, Thomson Reuters is proud to be appointed as the 湯森路透旗下Sweet & Maxwell獲香港律師會委任為其會刊《 Publisher of Hong Kong Lawyer, the official journal of the Law Society 香港律師》的出版人，深感榮幸。 of Hong Kong. 法律專業是以人為本的行業，而我們亦深信我們的團隊能 The legal industry is really about people, which ties in with one of 為《香港律師》帶來改變。本刊編輯張哲寧先生擁有法律博 our core beliefs that people make a difference. Vince, the editor of 士學位，亦是資深的新聞工作者，曾任職商業、政治及經濟 this magazine, has a Juris Doctor degree and a strong journalism 通訊記者達十年。他定將用心為各位打造一本內容充實的刊 background from being a business, politics and economics 物。本刊的版面設計師彭振生先生在出版界 ﹣ 特別在出版財 correspondent for almost 10 years – he knows how to tailor this 經及專業雜誌方面 ﹣ 具備豐富經驗。本刊的出版總經理史立 journal around you. Samson, the designer, has years of experience in the publishing industry, particularly with financial and professional 楓先生一向恪守著「刊物定須為讀者服務」的原則。 magazines. Neerav, the publishing director, goes by the principle that 我們深明各位在工作和生活上都十分忙碌。因此，在籌備《 a publication must “always remember the reader.” 香港律師》的過程中，我們以「精煉簡潔的文字內容，輔以 We know that you are busy with work and life. That’s why our guiding 優質的版面設計」的大原則為依歸，務求令各位在百忙中亦 principle is good succinct writing complemented by first-rate design, 不忘抽空閱讀本刊。 just so that you have good reason to flip through these pages. 我們的目標是與香港律師會攜手提升《香港律師》的質量， Working with the Law Society of Hong Kong, we aim to enhance the 具體方法包括： Hong Kong Lawyer in ways such as the following: 一、 訪問更多業界重量級人物； 1. More interviews with industry heavy-weights. 2. Broaden and deepen the scope of industry trends and case 二、 把業界動態和近期法庭判例撮要的內容範圍擴大和深 updates. 化； 3. Promote a livelier look that includes better photos and pictures. 三、 為本刊添上更生動活潑的面貌，包括加入更優質的照片 4. Leverage on the global media strengths within Thomson Reu- 和插圖； ters to add even more value to the journal. 四、 充分發揮湯森路透作為環球資訊媒體的優勢，提高本刊 Let me tell you a little about us. Thomson Reuters is the world’s 的可閱性和價值。 leading source of intelligent information for businesses and 請讓我們借此機會簡單地介紹自己。湯森路透的主要工作是 professionals. We employ more than 55,000 people in over 100 為全球業務和專業人士提供最新、最全面的資訊。湯森路透 countries worldwide. 在環球資訊業界享有領導地位，其辦事處和分公司遍佈超過 In Hong Kong, as in the rest of the world, Sweet & Maxwell is one of 100個國家和地區，員工總人數達55,000名以上。 the most respected providers for the regulatory and legal professions and we are delighted that we are now working with the Law Society of 在香港以至全世界，Sweet & Maxwell都是備受法律業界和機 Hong Kong on the Hong Kong Lawyer. 構監管業界尊崇的資訊供應商。我們很高興能夠與香港律師 會攜手出版《香港律師》。 Like any reader, we rate publications that are readable, indeed fun! We hope you enjoy Hong Kong Lawyer and we welcome your 正如任何讀者一樣，我們可閱性高、內容輕鬆有趣的刊物都 feedback. 會愛不釋手。期盼各位亦同樣喜歡這本全新的《香港律師》 Kind regards, ，並就其各方面賜予我們寶貴意見，讓本刊能不斷進步！

Klaus Pfeifer 范梓樺 Managing Director, North Asia, Legal 董事總經理 ，北亞．亞洲法律信息 Thomson Reuters 湯森路透 [email protected]

6 www.hk-lawyer.org Contributors 投 稿 者

Contributors 投 稿 者

Hans Mahncke – Hans Mahncke – City University of Hong Kong, 香港城市大學， Senior Coordinator for Projects 學務副校長室高級項目統籌 Hans coordinates institutional research and Hans負責協調學院的研究和規劃。他 planning. Having grown up in Hong Kong, Hans 在香港長大，於返回香港當上法律學 studied law in the U.K and in The Netherlands before 者前在英國和荷蘭修讀法律。他的研 returning to Hong Kong as a legal academic. His 究領域包括貿易法、競爭法和普通法 research interests include trade law, competition law 的傳統。Hans已婚並育有兩年幼的孩 and common law tradition. Hans is married with two 子。他在週末時經常跟他的兒子Mick在 young children. On weekends you will often find him 機場一同觀看飛機。 at the airport, watching planes with his son Mick.

Taylor Hui – 許揚 – Deacons, Partner 的近律師行合夥人 Taylor has extensive experience in the authorisation 許揚律師在供於香港公開銷售的投資基 of investment funds for public sale in Hong 金（包括首隻RQFII基金、首隻離岸人民 Kong (including the first RQFII funds, the first 幣債券基金、首隻中國A股基金及首隻 offshore RMB bond fund, the first China A-shares 對沖基金的基金）的認可，以及設立對 fund and the first fund of hedge funds), and the 沖基金及私人股票基金方面擁有豐富經 establishment of hedge funds and private equity 驗。許律師為客戶提供有關在香港設立 funds. He advises clients on the establishment of 基金管理業務、QFII和QDII事務，以及中 fund management operations in Hong Kong, on 國合營企業方面的意見。許律師在公餘 QFII and QDII issues, and on PRC joint ventures. When he is not in the office, he wears the hat of a 時間喜歡打高爾夫球、騎馬、打網球， golfer, a horse rider, a tennis player, and most of all 更愛與子女一起共度快樂時光。 a loving father to his daughter and son.

Penelope Shen – 沈汶蒑 – Deacons, Associate 的近律師行律師 Penelope has a wide range of experience in 沈汶蒑律師在成立和重組對沖基金及私 formation and restructuring of hedge funds and 人股票基金，包括QFII基金及點心債券基 private equity funds, including QFII funds and 金，以及處理監管事宜方面擁有豐富經 dim sum bond funds, and handling regulatory 驗。沈律師閒時喜愛划船，但近日只花 matters. She likes to paddle during her free 時間照顧其初生兒子。 time but these days she only has time for her newborn son.

www.hk-lawyer.org 7 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Sharon Ser – 施瑞玲 – Withers, Senior Regional Partner Asia 衛達仕律師事務所 Sharon’s practice focuses on family matters and 亞洲高級區域合夥人 international divorce cases involving jurisdiction 施律師主要從事涉及司法管轄區爭論點和 arguments and financial issues. She also advises 財務問題之家庭事務及國際離婚案件。此 on cases involving children, and was a member 外，她亦會對涉及兒童的案件提供意見； of the Working Party concerning Children’s 並曾擔任「關於兒童在家事訴訟中的權利 Rights in Family Proceedings. She is a former Chairman of the Hong Kong Family Law 之工作小組的成員之一。她亦是香港家庭 Association. 法律協會的前任主席。

Philippa Hewitt – Philippa Hewitt – Withers, Professional Support Lawyer Asia 衛達仕律師事務所亞洲專業支援律師 Philippa has specialised in family matters Philippa擅長處理英國和香港的家庭事務， in England and Hong Kong, practicing for a 並在香港執業多年。她是《Family Law and number of years in Hong Kong. She is the ed- Practice in Hong Kong》一書的編輯和合著 itor and co-author of Family Law and Practice 者，以及《Hong Kong Family Law Reports》 in Hong Kong and associate editor the Hong 的副編輯。 Kong Family Law Reports.

Gareth Thomas – 唐明仕 – Herbert Smith Freehills, Partner 史密夫律師事務所合夥人 Gareth heads the commercial litigation team of 唐明仕是史密夫律師事務所商業訴訟部的主管， Herbert Smith Freehills and is experienced in 他在各個業務領域的訴訟、仲裁和調解工作方 litigation, arbitration and mediation across a wide 面均擁有豐富經驗，唐律師並定期為同行律師 range of practice areas. Gareth co-authors Hong 及業內機構就有關的題材進行專題演講，而且是 Kong Civil Procedure, Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong Hong Kong Civil Procedure, Halsbury's Laws of Hong – Insurance, Chitty on Contracts (Hong Kong), and Kong–Insurance, Chitty on Contracts (Hong Kong)及 Hong Kong Law of Insurance. He regularly lectures Hong Kong Law of Insurance的合著作者之一。 to lawyers and industry bodies on a number of 在工餘時間，唐律師積極向女兒介紹威爾斯欖球 topics. In his free time he is trying to introduce his 賽刺激有趣之處，和向太太灌輸「只看不買，同 daughter to the joys of Welsh rugby and his wife to the concept of shopping without buying. 樣有趣」的概念。

Tara Grossman – 顧詩曼 – Herbert Smith Freehills, Senior Associate 史密夫律師事務所高級律師 Tara is a senior associate and leads the contentious 顧詩曼是一位高級律師，負責領導史密夫 employment practice of Herbert Smith Freehills. 律師事務所的爭訟僱傭事務。顧律師在英 Tara has a wide range of experience in employment 格蘭與威爾斯及香港處理僱傭法律事務方 matters both in England & Wales and Hong Kong 面均累積了豐富經驗，並曾就限制性契 and has written a number of articles on issues such 約、勞資審裁處事宜、有薪假期條款及進 as restrictive covenants, labour tribunal matters, gar- 行內部和監管調查時的員工待遇等議題撰 den leave clauses and the treatment of employees 寫了不少文章。 during internal and regulatory investigations. When not working Tara likes to sunbathe listening to 1950s 在工餘時間，顧律師會享受陽光與海灘、 jazz and partake in highly experimental cooking. 聽50年代的爵士樂和挑戰自己的廚藝。

8 www.hk-lawyer.org Contributors 投 稿 者

Jingzhou Tao – 陶景洲 – Dechert LLP, Managing Partner (Asia) 德杰律師事務所 Mr. Tao has advised leading companies on 亞洲業務執行合夥人 international mergers and acquisitions, arbitration 在過去的25年中，陶律師一直為著名 and corporate matters involving China for more 企業提供兼並與收購、仲裁和公司事 than 25 years. Mr. Tao has represented major 宜等方面與中國相關的法律服務。陶 American, European and Japanese companies 律師曾代表著名歐洲、日本和美國公 in hundreds of transactions in China involving 司辦理了數百項交易，所涉領域包括 joint ventures, tax planning, strategic alliances 合資企業、稅務計劃、戰略聯盟及知 and intellectual property protection. He also has 識產權保護。並且，對於中國境內和 significant experience in international arbitration 其他主要國際仲裁機構的國際仲裁程 proceedings both in China and before the major 序，陶律師具有非常豐富的經驗。 international arbitration institutions.

Gregory Louvel – 盧歌 – Dechert LLP, Asociate 德杰律師事務所律師 Gregory’s practice focuses on corporate and 盧歌律師的主要執業領域系為中國國內和 securities matters, leading mergers and acquisi- 其他國家客戶就中國公司法和證券法方面事 tions transactions in China for both international 務，以及為在華進行的重大兼並與收購交 and Chinese clients. He has also represented 易提供法律服務。其亦代表客戶處理自然資 clients in the natural resources, technology, life 源、科技、生命科學和金融服務行業相關問 sciences and financial services industries, and worked on the reform of the Chinese banking 題，並曾參與歐洲委員會就中國銀行系統改 system for the European Commission. Gregory’s 革所開展的工作。盧歌律師的執業活動亦包 practices also involve regularly advising clients 括為客戶提供與蒙古國相關的公司和金融交 on corporate and financing transactions in 易方面的建議。他曾就職於一家位於烏蘭巴 Mongolia. While working for a leading Mongo- 托的一流蒙古國律師事務所，該寶貴經驗使 lian law firm in Ulan Bator, he gained a rare, 他對當地商業環境擁有準確的了解。盧歌律 practical knowledge of local business conditions. 師的業餘愛好包括當代藝術和網球。 His interests outside of work include modern art and tennis.

Monica Wang – 王萌 – Dechert LLP, Associate 德杰律師事務所律師 Monica Wang focuses her practice on corporate and 王萌律師的主要職業領域為公司和商 commercial matters involving Chinese state-owned 業事務，客戶包括中國國有企業和公 enterprises and public institutions, leading interna- 共機構、著名國際公司、外資企業、 tional companies, foreign-invested enterprises, major 大型銀行和其他機構。她代表客戶處 banks and other institutions. She represented clients 理農業、製造業、金融服務業和能源 in agricultural, manufacturing, financial services and 產業方面的事務，項目包括外商投 energy industries, and worked on various foreign 資、兼併收購與公司重組改制等。 direct investment, merger and acquisition and corpo- rate restructuring and reorganization projects.

www.hk-lawyer.org 9 From the Council Table 理 事 會 議 題

from the council table 理事會議題

Law Society’s Press Statement 律師會聲明 The Law Society noted media reports on comments by the former 律師會留意到就前律政司司長對《基本法》的解釋及 Secretary for Justice on the interpretation of the Basic Law and the 中央政府和香港特區之間在有關內地孕婦在香港分娩 interaction between the Central Government and the HKSAR in relation 的迫切問題上的互動所作出的言論的報導。理事會已 to the pressing problems of the Mainland mothers giving birth in Hong 於2012年10月10日發表聲明，述明其對於保持司法 Kong. The Council issued a Press Statement on 10 October 2012 stating 機構獨立之重要性的強烈立場，指出「香港法官的質 its strongly-held views on the importance of maintaining an independent 素、品格及威望，一直都受到尊重。律師會表明政府 Judiciary, noting that the “quality, integrity and credibility of our judges 在考慮向人大常委會尋求對《基本法》第24( 2 )( 1 ) is well respected”. The Law Society indicated the Government should act 條作出解釋前，應該謹慎行事。 cautiously before considering a referral to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress under Article 24(2)(1) to interpret the Basic Law.

Overseas Lawyers (Qualification for Admission) Rules 《海外律師(認許資格)規則》

The Council has approved proposed amendments to the Overseas 理事會已對《海外律師(認許資格)規則》（下稱「規 Lawyers (Qualification for Admission) Rules (the “Rules”) that include 則」）的建議修訂作出批准，當中加入了香港憲法學 the addition of a written subject of Hong Kong Constitutional Law. Also, 的筆試。此外，根據第8條的建議修訂，如果申請人 under Rule 8 of the proposed amendments, if an applicant has been 已在一個以上的司法管轄區獲認許，則就海外律師資 admitted in more than one jurisdiction, he will be allowed to elect any 格考試（下稱「考試」）的目的而言，他將獲允許選 one of his jurisdictions as his jurisdiction of admission for the purpose of 擇其中任何一個司法管轄區作為其獲認許的司法管轄 the Overseas Lawyers Qualification Examination (the “Examination”). 區。建議修訂亦指明，就考試的目而言，可確認為 The proposed amendments specify as well the kind of experience that can be recognised as experience in the practice of law for the purpose of 法律實務經驗的經驗類型。這些修訂現會提交終審法 the Examination. These amendments will now be submitted to the Chief 院首席法官作最終批准，隨後將刊憲並提交立法會審 Justice for his final approval, after which they will be gazetted and tabled 議，經先訂立後審議的程序通過。 for consideration by the Legislative Council, followed by a negative vetting procedure.

10 www.hk-lawyer.org Contributors 投 稿 者 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

LAW SOCIETY NEWS 律師會新聞

International Visitors 國際探訪者

(Middle) Ms. Nicole Thomson, International Policy Advisor of the Law Society of England & Wales, visited the Law Society on 13 September 2012. Ms. Heidi Chu, Secretary General (left) and Mr. Joseph Li, Council Member and Chairman of International Legal On 24 September 2012, Mr. Reynah Tang, President-Elect of the Law Institute of Victoria (second from the Affairs Committee (right) met with Ms. Thomson to discuss the right) and Mr. William Lye, Executive Member of the Victorian Bar (second from left) visited the Law Society. developments of the legal profession in the two jurisdictions. Mr. Joseph Li, Council Member and Chairman of International Legal Affairs Committee (first from left), Mr. Ambrose Lam, Vice President of the Law Society (middle) and Ms. Heidi Chu, Secretary General of the Law （中）英格蘭及威爾斯律師會國際政策顧問Ms. Nicole Society, (first on the right) met with the guests. Thomson於2012年9月13日拜訪律師會。 秘書長朱潔冰小姐 於2012年9月24日，法律研究所（澳大利亞）主席當選人Mr. Reynah Tang （右二）和澳大利亞維多利亞 （左）和理事會成員及國際法律事務委員會主席李超華先生（ 州律師協會執行成員Mr. William Lye（左二）拜訪律師會。 理事會成員及國際法律事務委員會主席李超 右）Ms. Thomson會面討論英港兩個司法管轄區法律執業的 華先生（左一）律師會副主席林新強先生（中） 和律師會秘書長朱潔冰小姐（右一）與嘉賓會面。 發 展。

Leave a Trail – Along Shing could have had us falling into the sea; jogging, canoeing, clam-digging, sand Mun River Towards Wu Kai instead, it re-fuelled us for the run back. castle-building or simply strolling while enjoying the sunrise or sunset. Sha Seaside The discovery of such a beautiful Somewhere beyond the beach also I have always loved Wu Kai Sha seaside - a rare spot of natural beauty stands a village where people have their seaside for its tranquility and it was my in an urban city that we can proudly homes and lives. greatest delight to have been able to enjoy and share - has changed my share this with friends from the Law perspectives of Hong Kong. Wu Kai Here we find simple and affordable Society’s Long Distance Running Team Sha seaside, connected by a newly- luxuries that are open to all, unlike for one breezy Saturday morning on 15 constructed three-km promenade, is a instance, glamorous and expensive September 2012 . truly precious and well-loved area that homes that inevitably spring from many should be preserved and protected a reclamation and development plan. We started running from Shatin Plaza, against any plans for reclamation or all along Shing Mun River towards the Such peace and beauty should be redevelopment. It is a haven for the seaside – a distance of about eight km protected at all costs, for what it can local community - children, young - where we were stunned by its serenity offer and inspire is far beyond one’s people and the elderly alike - to engage in the early morning. We then stretched imagination. We need more of this. in healthy, meaningful activities and practised yoga on a wooden pier. like swimming, kite-flying, fishing, Catherine Lau Shuk Fan Had we not been fit enough, this

12 www.hk-lawyer.org Law Society News 律 師 會 新 聞

留下足跡－沿城門河往烏溪沙 海濱 我一向鍾情烏溪沙海濱的平靜。今年9月 15日（星期六），我十分慶幸能夠與律 師會長跑隊的一班朋友分享一個輕快的上 午。

我們由沙田廣場出發沿城門河跑往海濱， 全程約8公里，沿途不禁驚嘆海濱清晨的 寧靜。我們其後在一處木製的碼頭上舒展 筋骨和練習瑜珈。倘若我們體力不支，必 定已掉進水中；相反，這反而使我們恢復 精力準備回程的路。

烏溪沙海濱的確是這個繁囂城市裏難得的 自然美景，這個發現改變了我對香港的看 釣、慢步、筏獨木舟、掘蜆、堆沙城堡、 這一片寧靜和美景帶來的啟迪，遠遠超出 法。烏溪沙海濱與全長3公里新興建的海 或在散步時欣賞日出和日落。然而，這個 我們的想像，因此我們應竭盡所能給以保 濱長廊相連，對於這個既珍貴又廣受歡迎 沙灘背後座落了一個村莊，村民擁有自己 護。我們總是需要更多的寧靜和美。 的地方，我們應積極保護而不是讓它受到 的家園和各自的生活。 劉淑芬 填海和重建計劃的破壞。這個港口是為香 有別於隨著填海和發展計劃所帶來的高尚 港人而設的，讓小童、青少年和長者參與 昂貴住宅，我們在這裏找到了既簡單而價 各式各樣的活動，例如游泳，放風箏、垂 錢合理的奢侈。

YSG: Networking drinks Practitioners” organized by the gathering with law students Young Solicitors’ Group (“YSG”). Our wholehearted gratitude to the Over thirty undergraduate and Young Barristers’ Committee of postgraduate law students from The the Bar Association for sending six Chinese University of Hong Kong representatives in supporting the visited the Law Society Club House on event. 19 September 2012 for the “Drink with

年青律師組: 與法律系學 生的交流酒會 2012年9月19日，超過三十名來 自香港中文大學的法律系的學士 和研究生蒞臨香港律師會會所參 加由年青律師組舉辦的“與律師 會面酒會”。我們衷心感激大律 師公會的青年大律師委員會派出 六名代表參加是次活動。

www.hk-lawyer.org 13 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Hong Kong Academy of Law 香港法律學院 Mr. Christopher To, Executive Director of the Construction Industry Council, presenting at the seminar entitled “Resolving Disputes in the Construction Industry” organized by the Academy on 25 September 2012. 建造業議會執行總監陶榮先 生出席於2012年9月25日由香 港法律學院舉辦名為 “如何解決建造業爭議” 的講座。

Mr. Wan Exiang (middle), Vice-President of the Supreme People’s Court of China presenting at the seminar on international arbitration “國際 (From left to right) Ms. Regina Chen, Director & Head of Financial Services & Professions Group, Aon; 仲裁司法審查” jointly organised by the Academy and China Legal Ms. Katherine Forsyth, Director of Legal Services and Legal Officer, Essar; Ms. Evelyn Yan, Director Service (H.K.) Ltd. (“CLSHK”) on 6 October 2012. (On the right) Mr. Huen of Claims Services, Aon Hong Kong Ltd.; Mr. Murray Wood, Regional Director, Financial Services Wong, Past President of the Law Society of Hong Kong and Chairman Professional Group, Aon; Ms. Fiona Stewart, Account Director & Legal Officer, Essar; Mr. Vincent Chu, of the Academy and (on the left) Mr. Wang Li Xian, Chairman of CLSHK Partner, Fred Kan & Co, and Mr. Brian Baillie, Partner, Fred Kan & Co.; presenting at the CPD/RME presenting a souvenir to Mr. Wan. Over 130 participants attended the course entitled “Risk Management Issues for Solicitors and the Professional Indemnity Scheme” on 20 seminar. September 2012 organized by the Hong Kong Academy of Law. （中）萬 鄂 湘 副 院 長 ,中 華人 民 共 和 國 最 高 人 民 法 院 副 院 長 出 席 在 怡安通訊香港金融及專業服務亞洲區總監陳敏秋小姐；Ms. Katherine Forsyth, Director of 2012年10月6日由香港法律學院和中國法律服務(香港)有限公司 Legal Services and Legal Officer, Essar；甄笑美小姐, 理賠服務部總監；怡安通訊香港Financial (“CLSHK”)協辦的“國際仲裁司法審查”。（右）香港律師會前任主 Services & Professional Group亞洲地區總經理胡萬偉先生；Ms. Fiona Stewart, Account 席及香港法律學院主席王桂壎先生和 （左） 中國法律服務(香港)有 Director & Legal Officer, Essar；簡家驄律師行合夥人朱志輝律師和貝力恆律師，出席於2012年 限公司董事長王立憲先生向萬鄂湘副院長致送紀念品。超過130 人 9月20日由香港法律學院舉辦名為「訟務律師的風險管理及專業彌償保險計劃的持續專業進修課 參加 講 座。 程 / 風 險 管 理 教 育。

YSG: Community Services were chaperoning the children on the last 一班小學生在科學館渡過一個充實的星 day of a series of social service activities 期日。由年青律師組成員 A group of primary school students co-organized by the YSG and the Tung enjoyed a meaningful Sunday at the 東華三院賽馬會大角咀綜合服務中心協 Wah Group of Hospitals Jockey Club Tai Science Museum on 23 September 辦的一連串社區服務活動已經踏入最後 Kok Tsui Integrated Services Centre. 2012, thanks to the efforts of Young 一天，義工們帶領小朋友參觀科學館。 Solicitors’ Group (“YSG”) members and 年青律師組: 社區服務 Juris Doctor candidates at the Chinese 2012年9月23日，承蒙年青律師組成員和 University of Hong Kong. The volunteers 香港中文大學法律系博士生的共同努力，

A student being quizzed on his knowledge of science 測試學生在科學上的知識

14 www.hk-lawyer.org Law Society News 律 師 會 新 聞

The Law Society Dragon Boat Team competed in six races in 2012 and won four cups. 律師會龍舟隊在2012年的六次比賽中四次奪得獎杯。

Dragon Boat Team strikes assembly of athletic friends. 計師公會於筲箕灣舉辦的國際龍舟比賽 gold We warmly welcome you to join our 2013 中，律師會龍舟隊(下稱“龍舟隊”)奮力 衝刺並贏得冠軍寶座。 During the National Day and Mid- programme, which will start next March, Autumn Festival long weekend, the Law so look out for further announcements in 龍舟隊的隊長Gary Chui、KC Tai和Jeff the weekly Law Society Circulars. Society Dragon Boat Team (the “Team”) Wong帶領隊伍通過三場310米的精彩的 powered through to win a Gold Cup As the pictures show, our members 比賽，擊敗其他96支隊伍奪冠。是次佳 trophy at the HKICPA-organized emerged with more than just a trophy 績不但增加了龍舟隊的獎盃收藏，亦為 international dragonboat race in Shau and good memories: we scored a 體現了律師會體育的本領。過去數月， Kei Wan. galvanising workout, a fantastic story 龍舟隊的隊員為了今次比賽作每星期的 Led by Team Captains Gary Chui, KC and a great team of new friends. Join us 海陸訓練。 Tai and Jeff Wong, the Team competed starting March 2013! against 96 other teams and put on Congratulations to the Law Society 是次得獎是對龍舟隊最大的鼓舞，亦為 three electrifying performances, each Dragon Boat Team! 律師會2012年畫上圓滿的句號。龍舟隊 of 310m in length, to win the Gold Cup. 今年總共參加了六次比賽，陸上和海上 This adds to the Team’s impressive 律師會龍舟隊奪金 訓練的目標大大提升。然而，這令龍舟 trophy collection as well as the Law 在國慶和中秋節的長週末，由香港會 隊成為奪標的黑馬。 Society’s athletic prowess. Team members had been practicing in weekly 2013年的活動將於三月舉 water and land training sessions for 行，我們誠意邀請你踴躍參 months and were pumped and ready for 加。最新消息會在每週的律師 this race. 會通訊內公佈。

Winning the Gold Cup is the greatest 從圖片可以看到我們的成員留 accomplishment of the Team and was 下的不只是一個獎盃和美好的 a great way to end our 2012 season. 回憶：我們真正獲得的是努力 This year, the Team competed in six 帶來的激勵，動人的故事和一 races, dramatically raised our land 班志同道合的朋友。請在三月 training goals and set ambitiously- The Team reached its highest achievement by winning four prestigious 加入我們！ high standards while training in water. trophies. This turned the Team into a winning 龍舟隊奪得四次錦標，成就超然。 再一次恭喜律師會龍舟隊！

www.hk-lawyer.org 15 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Volleyball in Macau several new members and is now During the Mid-Autumn Festival and better prepared for the JPC matches National Day holidays between 29 with teams representing the Hong September and 1 October 2012, a 20- Kong Institute of Architects, the plus strong delegation of the Law Society Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors and Volleyball Team took to the challenge the Hong Kong Medical Association and competed in a fierce volleyball in December this year. Fellow Back row from left: Victoria Wu 胡仲霖, Serena Lim 林秋華, competition hosted by the Volleyball members, please do come and Katie Lam 林慧嘉, Cherry Lo 盧綽元, President & two other support/join us! members of Macau Volleyball Association, Kwok Sir, Nick Chan Association of Macau, China. 陳曉峰, Elsie Chu 朱嘉敏, Honnah Lee 李康南, Elizabeth Wong 黃美倫, Sally Ho 何佩琳. The team was led by Nick Chan and Serena Lim Front row from left: John Chan 陳博志, Vincent Chow 周俊榮, captained by Chris Chuang for the men’s Brandon Chuk 祝笑虹, Geoffrey Kam 金輝, Stanley Chong 莊祿 滔, Chris Chuang莊嚴, Cliff Ip 葉瑋璣, William Wong 黃偉強. team, and Honnah Lee for the women’s 澳門排球 team. 在9月29日中秋節和10月1日國慶期間， 進中秋節晚餐。各人在澳門渡過了美好時 Apart from the competitions, the team 二十多名精英組成的律師會排球代表隊接 光。 also shared quality time bonding in 受新的挑戰參加由中國澳門排球總會舉辦 排球隊吸引了數名新成員參加。他們蓄勢 Macau and gathered for a home-away- 的排球比賽。 待發準備迎接今年十二月與香港建築師學 from-home Mid-Autumn Festival dinner with our “Law Society volleyball family 排球隊由陳曉峰帶領，並由莊嚴和李康南 會、香港測量師學會和香港醫學會的JPC members”. Everyone had a great time in 分別擔任男子組和女子組的隊長。 比賽。希望各會員能夠到來支持和參加！ Macau. 比賽場外，各隊員在澳門互相交流聯誼， 林秋華 The team attracted the participation of 亦聚在一起與“律師會排球家庭成員”共

Inter-Professional Invitation as solicitors, to join our team next year - a (莊重慶律師事務所)、陳子遷(張廖律師事 Swimming Relay welcomed boost that will hopefully see us 務所)和劉志華(劉志華律師法律事務所)。 grasping the championship next year. On 13 October 2012, the Law Society 香港金融管理局在比賽中奪冠；律師會和 Swimming Team participated in the The Swimming Team has regular trainings 香港會計師公會得亞軍；而香港工程師學 inter-professional invitation relay at from 9:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. every 會得季軍。所有參賽者在比賽中表現出無 Wednesday at Wanchai Training Pool the Swimming Gala of the Hong Kong 比勇氣和體育精神。 Medical Association (“HKMA”) held at the at Harbour Road. We have on board a Hong Kong Polytechnic University. professional coach, Terrance Leung, to 我們期望一班即將於來年取得律師資格的 coach at our training sessions. Many 年輕游泳精英加入旗下的泳隊，為我們注 In addition to the Law Society and the members have already benefited from 入動力，使我們在來年取下錦標。 HKMA, the Hong Kong Institute of Terrance’s coaching so do not miss out on 游泳隊每逢星期三9時至10時都會於港灣 Engineers and the Hong Kong Institute this valuable opportunity! Please feel free of Certified Public Accountants also to contact Ms. Florence Tsang at florence@ 道的灣仔游泳池進行訓練。由專業游泳教 took part in the race. The Law Society’s hklawsoc.org.hk for more information if 練梁耀輝的指導下訓練。很多成員在梁教 team consisted of Eliza Chang Lai Shan you would like to join the training sessions. 練的指導下獲益良多，切勿錯過此難得的 (Cheng, Yeung & Co), May Tam (Solomon 機會。如欲取得更多資訊或有意參加訓練 Eliza Chang Lai Shan C. Chong & Co. ), Chan Tse Chin (Cheung Chairperson of the Recreation and Sports 者，歡迎電郵至[email protected] & Liu ) and Lau Chi Wah ( C.W. Lau & Co.). Committee 曾昭穎女士聯絡。 HKMA came first in the race. Our team 鄭麗珊女士 and the Hong Kong Institute of Certified 跨專業游泳接力邀請賽 康樂及體育委 Public Accountants came second. The 2012年10月13日，律師會游泳隊參加了 員會副主席 Hong Kong Society of Engineers came 在香港浸會大學由香港醫學會舉辦的水運 委員會 third. All swimmers demonstrated 會中的跨專業游泳接力賽。 courage and sportsmanship during the race. 除了律師會和香港醫學會，香港工程師學 Chan Tse Chin 陳子遷 (Cheung & Liu ), We are expecting a few talented and 會和香港會計師公會亦有參加比賽。律師 May Tam 譚玉瑜 (Solomon C. Chong & Co.), Eliza Chang Lai Shan 鄭麗珊 young swimmers, who will soon qualify 會的隊員包括鄭麗珊(鄭楊律師行)、譚玉瑜 (Cheng, Yeung & Co), and Lau Chi Wah 劉志華 ( C.W. Lau & Co.).

16 www.hk-lawyer.org Law Society News 律 師 會 新 聞

www.hk-lawyer.org 17 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

A group photo of the officiating guest, the guest speakers, chief delegates of lawyers’ associations and representatives of the Law Society. 主禮嘉賓、演講嘉賓、部份律協代表和律師會代表合影。

Cross Strait Three Regions Forum started off on 12 October with a 兩岸三地青年律師論壇2012 - Young Lawyers’ Forum roundtable discussion amongst chief 「企業併購 - 邁向全球」 delegates of the respective participating 2012 - “Mergers and 香港律師會大中華法律事務委員會和年 associations on enhancing mutual Acquisitions: A Global 青律師組於2012年10月12至13日假跑 Perspective” cooperation, and a welcome reception. On 13 October, we were honoured to 馬地馬場舉行了「兩岸三地青年律師論 More than 150 lawyers from 19 have Mr. Frank Poon, JP, Solicitor- 壇2012」，吸引了超過150名來自19個 provinces, cities and regions attended General of the Department of Justice, 省、市和地區的年青律師參加。本年的論 the Cross Strait Three Regions Young as the officiating guest. The keynote 壇以「企業併購 - 邁向全球」為主題。於 Lawyers’ Forum 2012 on 12 and 13 speakers were Mr. George Liu, Managing October 2012 at the Happy Valley 10月12日舉行的參會律協首席代表圓桌 Director of China International Capital Racecourse. Jointly organised by 會議和歡迎酒會，為論壇揭開了序幕。在 Corporation, Dr. Edgar Chen, President the Greater China 10月13日的主論壇上，我們非常榮幸邀 of the Taipei Bar Association and Mr. Legal Affairs Anthony Chow, Former President of the 請香港律政司法律政策專員潘英光太平紳 Committee Law Society of Hong Kong. Nine leading 士作為主禮嘉賓。其他的主題演講嘉賓為 and the Young young lawyers from the Mainland, 中國國際金融公司投資銀行部董事總經理 Solicitors’ Taipei and Hong Kong also shared 劉鴻志先生、台北律師公會理事長陳彥希 Group, the with the participants their expertise 博士和香港律師會前會長周永健律師。9 knowledge on cross-border mergers and 位來自內地、台北和香港的年青律師也與 acquisitions. We are grateful for your 參會人士分享了他們在跨境併購方面的專 support, and look forward to seeing all 業經驗。我們非常感謝大家的支持，並期 of you again next year! 望在明年的論壇能與各位再見! Charles CC Chau Council Member 周致聰 Chairman, Young Solicitors’ Group 香港律師會理事 Chairman, Organising Committee of Cross Strait President Dieter Yih welcoming participants of the Forum in his 年青律師組主席 opening remarks. Three Regions Young Lawyers’ Forum 2012 兩岸三地青年律師論壇2012籌委會主席 香港律師會會長葉禮德律師致辭歡迎與會人仕

18 www.hk-lawyer.org Law Society News 律 師 會 新 聞

Mr. Frank Poon, JP, Solicitor-General of Department Mr. Ambrose Lam, Vice-President & Chairman of the Keynote speaker Dr. Edgar Chen, President of the Taipei Bar of Justice Greater China Legal Affairs Committee Association (left) and President Dieter Yih (right) 律政司法律政策專員潘英光太平紳士 香港律師會副會長暨大中華法律事務委員會主席 主題演講嘉賓台北律師公會理事長陳彥希博士及葉禮德 林新強律師 會長

(From left to right) Dr. Edgar Chen, President of the Taipei Bar Keynote speaker Mr. Anthony Chow, Past President of the Mr. Yu Ning Jie, Vice-President of Law Association, Mr. Ambrose Lam, Vice President & Chairman of Law Society of Hong Kong (left) and Mr. Ambrose Lam, Society of Fujian Province Greater China Legal Affairs Committee, and Mr. George Liu, Vice-President & Chairman of Greater China Legal Affairs 福建省律師協會副會長于寧杰律師 Managing Director of China International Capital Corporation Committee (right) (由左至右)主題演講嘉賓台北律師公會理事長陳彥希博士、副會 主題演講嘉賓香港律師會前會長周永健律師(左)及香港律 長暨大中華法律事務委員會主席林新强律師及主題演講嘉賓中 師會副會長暨大中華法律事務委員會主席林新强律師(右) 國國際金融公司投資銀行部董事總經理劉鴻志先生

President Dieter Yih (left) presenting a souvenir to Mr. Frank Poon, JP (centre) with Mr. Ambrose Lam, Vice-President & Chairman of Greater China Legal Affairs Committee. President Dieter Yih (centre) and representatives from mainland law societies 香港律師會會長葉禮德律師 (左)及副會長暨大中華法律事務委員會主 香港律師會會長葉禮德律師及內地律師協會代表 席林新强律師致送紀念品予潘英光太平紳士(中)

Mr. Ambrose Lam, Vice-President & Chairman of Greater China Legal Affairs Committee (centre), Mr. Charles Chau, Council Member & Vice-President Ambrose Lam (fourth from right) and Mr. Charles Chau, Council Member (fourth Chairman of the Organising Committee (right) with delegates from from right), Mr Neville Cheng, Committee Member of Greater China Legal Affairs Committee Liaoning Province. with young members of the Law Society 香港律師會副會長暨大中華法律事務委員會主席林新強律師 (中) 、 香港律師會副會長暨大中華法律事務委員會主席林新強律師(左四)、理事暨論壇籌委會主 香港律師會理事暨論壇籌委會主席周致聰律師 (右) 與來自遼寧省的 席周致聰律師 (右四)、大中華法律事務委員會委員鄭宗漢律師與律師會年輕律師合照 代 表 合 照。

www.hk-lawyer.org 19 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Views from Barcelona - AIJA 50th Annual Congress 28 August to 1 September 2012, Barcelona AIJA第51屆週年大會於2012年8月28日 至9月1日在巴塞羅那舉行 ─ 後感

Reports to the Law Society of Hong Kong For the first time, the Law Society offers sponsorship to young lawyers to attend the Annual Congress of AIJA - an international legal association that provides networking for young lawyers. Ms. Elaine Ng, Ms. Joanna Lee and Ms. Nadine Lai share their observations at the 50th Annual Congress.

By Elaine Ng, Senior Government Counsel, Department of Justice

arcelona came under the spotlight providing legal training and fostering designed to ensure the attendants Bthis year as some 500 lawyers the exchange of experiences and knowl- would take home the important points from around the world gathered in this edge among lawyers worldwide. as well as having the opportunity to charismatic Catalan city in late summer apply on the spot the lessons learnt. Polishing soft skills: Pre- to attend the 2012 Annual Congress of First, there was sharing by an Congress Seminar and one- AIJA, which also marked the 50th anni- experienced practitioner and a coach on-one coaching versary of the organization. AIJA stands “The Practical Negotiation Kit” and for Association Internationale des The five-day Congress warmed up with “The Practical Presentation Kit”. There Jeunes Avocats (otherwise known as a Pre-Congress Seminar to enhance were insightful tips to lawyers such the International Association of Young the participants’ negotiation and as how deadlocks could be used to Lawyers), an ambitious, vibrant, global presentation skills. Lawyers across one’s advantage in negotiations, and and sizeable association dedicated to different practice areas would find the how to make good use of BATNA (Best lawyers and in-house counsel aged 45 session useful as the soft skills are Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement). and under. The non-profit body has the indispensable regardless of the sphere Advice on how to utilize jokes, body aim of promoting professional coopera- of legal specialization. Entitled “From language, silence, time and even tion and friendship among young legal Good to Effective – Developing your irrationality proved to be handy tactics professionals on an international stage. Negotiation and Presentation Skills that in steering through difficult situations. Through organizing meetings, seminars will distinguish you from other Lawyers”, There was also the helpful reminder and workshops, AIJA is committed to the Pre-Congress Seminar was carefully that communication involved not only

20 www.hk-lawyer.org Special Report 特 別 報 告

delivery, but also deeper listening It was interesting to note how the including to what was not said. various sessions employed different Next, the session rolled into workshops formats to facilitate learning. In the in which there was live demonstration working session on “Family Enterprise by law firm partners of a telephone and Succession to Family Businesses”, conversation and a meeting, where we were given a made-up case of the the various negotiation techniques ‘Harry Potter’ family whereby a thriving introduced were illustrated in context. potions business gave rise to succession There were also mock presentations, issues involving a young pop-star wife one of which purposely incorporated the and a spendthrift of a son who was things-to-avoid, so that the audience in a tempestuous relationship with could learn from a negative example. his wife. Panel members then gave Participants then took part in a case different solutions to structure the family study in small groups, each taking up a business, taking into account role to negotiate, applying methods such any inheritance laws, estate as “hot potato”, “red herring” and “door duties and the enforceability into face”. The interactive experience was of marital agreements in their very effective. respective jurisdictions. The Pre-Congress Seminar aside, to In the session on “Sponsorship perfect our soft skills, the Congress of Sporting Events and Ambush distinctively included one-on-one Marketing after London 2012 – coaching sessions. I made use of the where are we at?”, speakers from facility to have a private appointment India to France discussed the reach with an executive coach to discuss of intellectual property law, and vivid aspects for personal improvement. images of clever advertisements around Building ties: dinners, the time of the London Olympics were parties, socials and fun Learning the law: working shown to demonstrate creative tricks Events such as this Congress are, after sessions and workshops adopted to carefully avoid violating all, about people – it was the meeting The Congress unfolded in full swing in any IP rights, increasingly common in and talking to other young lawyers at the following days, typically with two ambush marketing. In “Extradition – the Congress that was most inspiring or three working session or workshops The Long Arm of the Law”, a speaker and, for the purposes of the Law Society running in parallel each morning or for instance shared the latest UK delegation, the most efficient way to afternoon. Participants could opt to developments under the European promote Hong Kong. attend one each time depending on Convention on Extradition 1957. their professional interest. This being AIJA had to be one of the best in In “About Soft Skills in Hard Negotiations an Annual Congress rather than coming up with and implementing an – how to avoid being lost in translation the smaller topical events that AIJA unbeatably colourful social programme. in West-East dialogues”, the attention organizes throughout the year, a wide There were numerous networking turned to Asia as speakers from range of topics were covered, including opportunities throughout each day, Mainland China, Japan and India cross-cultural negotiation, intellectual taking different forms from casual to property and competition law, tourism gave tips on culture and etiquette formal held at varied venues, enabling industry, joint venture negotiation, ranging from seating arrangements, participants to get to know each other European Insolvency Regulation, family titles to negotiation habits in the East. in diverse settings. Conversations business, dispute resolution, events Participants were seated at round tables were stimulating – from “one country, sponsorship and ambush marketing, to discuss a hypothetical case, where a two systems” to the Euro crisis, from taxation, extradition, data protection, Western company proposed to build a military service in Germany to referenda emerging markets and human rights port at an Asian location. Cross- cultural in Switzerland – anything would be issues. issues were explored. discussed.

www.hk-lawyer.org 21 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Creative mingling activities included a “speed dating” in the first evening, where participants (regardless of sex) sat in facing rows and were given four minutes to talk to the person opposite before moving to the next seat. It was a lively occasion to meet new faces and to exchange contacts, and the Law Society brochures on the Hong Kong legal profession were received with interest. There was a “first timer lunch” at which those new to AIJA were introduced to the organization and its working commissions. The opening ceremony unveiled in style at the UNESCO World By Joanna Lee, India’s legal system. The panelist Heritage Site of Palau de la Musica Trainee Solicitor, Robertsons (representatives from China, US, Catalana, complete in true Spanish Japan and India) described how often During the AIJA 50th Congress there flavour with spectacular flamenco dialogues between legal parties were various social events that provided can often be lost in translation in performances. plenty of networking opportunities with Western- Eastern dialogues, especially A particularly thoughtful arrangement other delegates from around the world. when the parties are not aware of was the home hospitality dinner – the This included the Speed Dating session, the host country’s cultural practices. local lawyers would take the participants the First Timers Lunch, the Home For example, the American delegate Hospitality Dinner and the Gala Dinner. to their homes in small groups. In the emphasized the difference between a Such events created a platform for merry company of six others from the goal-orientated approach, which the young lawyers to interact and network UK, Switzerland, Austria, Germany and American legal industry tended to with other international colleagues from the Netherlands, I had a memorable uphold in comparison to Indian lawyers, a professional and personal level. I will evening tasting homemade pica pica who were more focused on building cherish the friendships I have made over and paella. The host even took us to relationships with their clients and their the past few days during the Congress. the rooftop afterwards to drink in the colleagues. Another contrast was the Barcelona night view over glasses of I found the Working Sessions on American’s use of the word “deadlines”, cava. Outdoor lovers could join the day topics such as “About Soft Skills, Hard as opposed to the Indian’s preference of out to the beach or the football match. Negotiations – how to avoid being lost using the phrase “agenda.” The Indian The Congress ended on a high note in translation in West – East dialogues” delegate explained that by avoiding with the grand gala dinner held at the and “Negotiation of a Joint Venture the usage of military-like vocabulary, splendid winery Cavas Codorniu, and Agreement: us vs them or us with them?” it facilitated a more friendly working pictures of previous Congresses were and a Workshop on “How to Close the background that would foster organic presented to track AIJA’s footsteps of 50 Deal- Practical Approach, Interactive working relationships rather than one years. Technicalities” to be very effective and based on the pursuit of goals and As the delegates hugged each other would make a valuable contribution to objectives. the promotion of the legal profession of goodbye, we knew it was not the end but The Chinese delegate explained the Hong Kong and to the learning of law. the beginning of friendships and being concept of “suspended disbelief’” a part of an international professional For example, in the Working Session notion practiced by Chinese business network – an immensely valuable asset on “About Soft Skills, Hard Negotiations lawyers. For example, when taking as the world becomes a global village. In – how to avoid being lost in translation instructions from a client about to fact, liaison is already under way as AIJA in West – East dialogues”, we discussed purchase a company in China, the is planning to hold a topical seminar in cultural differences between China, concept that due diligence is less Hong Kong in March 2014. Unites States of America, Japan and important than the act of good faith.

22 www.hk-lawyer.org Special Report 特 別 報 告

Two parties would prefer entering into a fostering a better understanding and This was a very fruitful experience as business deal based on mutual trust and communication amongst delegates who the academic and social programmes belief as opposed to the due diligence are less familiar with Hong Kong. were all tailored to the needs of young carried out on the potential Vendor. The Topics concerning the legal professions lawyers. Worth mentioning was a Chinese delegate explained that the in Hong Kong can be discussed in an session on joint ventures - rather than concept of transparency was of a less international environment, as world- having us all listen and be passive priority in a country where hierarchy and wide conferences do not focus only on participants, each table of 12 were bureaucracy were abundant. Often, the legal skills but equally importantly, on divided into groups of different parties to decision maker is not willing to disclose contributing to the broader professional joint venture agreements and we had to his reasons why or why not a certain development of its members which is of discuss the pros and cons from differing decision was made, and the officials that paramount importance to 21st century perspectives. This educational session rank below him should not enquire why lawyers. provided ample opportunities for me to such a conclusion was reached. interact with and face direct challenges Negotiation, management skills and from other young lawyers during the I realized by the end of the working the ability to work in a multi-cultural discussion. Such international “battles” sessions that the promotion and environment is something a young were both fun and enlightening, to say advancement of the legal education is member of the Law Society would also the least. an on-going process and that to press benefit from when joining conferences forward with the learning of law requires such as the AIJA Congress. Apart from the academic programmes, consolidation and utilization of various AIJA’s Annual Congress is the perfect I have already been invited to attend ground for nurturing international resources and lawyers fairing from the 51st AIJA Congress, to be held in relations with other young lawyers. varying jurisdictions around the world. Buenos Aires next year, as a National During the opening reception, I met The AIJA 50th Congress was a valuable Reporter for Hong Kong. As such, I have for the first time a young partner, Ms middle ground, an accessible platform been asked to actively participate in Eugenia Chuang, from Tsar & Tsai Law for which both legal practitioners panelist debates; by volunteering as a Firm of Taiwan. I subsequently invited and academics shared their valuable National Reporter, I ensure that I am Eugenia to be one of the speakers for the experiences and opinions. The working more involved in working sessions. It Law Society’s “Cross Strait Three Regions events were inevitably a key contributor will provide a platform in which to deal Young Lawyers Forum 2012”, which in supporting a viable and sustainable with topics a lawyer would face in daily was held in Happy Valley on 13 October intercontinental legal system. practice when contacted by foreign 2012. Therein lays one of the nicest We live in a world where globalization clients, while promoting the voice, surprises at international conferences: is increasingly important and in which, functions and goals of the Law Society of making valuable and lasting global major emerging countries come to join Hong Kong. connections. Furthermore, I still keep those already influential. We live above in touch with the lawyers I met at the all, in a world where new discoveries By Nadine Lai, Committee home hospitality programme, when a will require new legal standards, so that member, Young Solicitors’ local Spanish lawyer hosted dinner for young members of the Law Society will Group, The Law Society of several delegates at his home. I had a be asked to provide an insight into their good chat there with lawyers from Spain, everyday experience. Young Law Society Hong Kong and National Germany, Sweden, Greece, Turkey and members attending the international Representative of HKSAR, Poland, who were all very keen to know conference can therefore bring back a Young Lawyers’ Committee what lawyers do in Hong Kong. sense of the AIJA spirit. They would have of the International Bar th found cherished and potentially long- Association AIJA’s 50 Annual Congress will be held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. I would standing friends and established new The AIJA is the only international recommend that you do not miss out networks and legal contacts. They would association for young lawyers aged 45 this opportunity - by apply today for the be able to promote and explain how the or below and we were honoured to be young lawyer’s sponsorship to place Law Society of Hong Kong functions and able to meet other young lawyers and yourself at a truly meaningful event. how it operates to their legal colleagues, partners from all over the world.

www.hk-lawyer.org 23 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

致香港律師會的報告 香港律師會首次贊助年青的律師出席AIJA之 週年大會─AIJA為一所國際法律協會，為年 青的律師提供建立網絡的機會。吳珮淇小姐, 李惠琪小姐和黎蒑小姐分享她們於第50屆週 年大會的見聞和感想。

作者 律政司高級政府律師吳珮淇

年巴塞羅那成為眾人的焦點所 首先，富有經驗的從業者和導師就「實 工作會議或研討會同時進行。參加者可 今在，來自世界各地約500名律 用談判裝備和「實用匯報裝備」作出分 以根據自己的專業興趣選擇每次參加一 師在夏末聚集在這個魅力超凡的加泰 享，給予律師的秘訣可謂真知灼見，例 項。作為AIJA週年大會而並非其整個年 羅尼亞城市，出席AIJA的2012年週 如如何在談判中運用死結作為優勢，以 度均有舉辦的小型專題活動，是次涵蓋 年會議，而本年亦是該協會成立50週 及如何善加利用BATNA（談判協議外的 的議題範圍非常廣泛，當中包括跨文化 年的大日子。AIJA代表著Association 最佳替代品）。當中亦有就如何利用笑 談判、知識產權和競爭法、旅遊業、合 Internationale des Jeunes Avocats（或稱 話、肢體語言、沉默、甚至非理性的行 資談判、歐洲的破產法規、家族企業、 為國際青年律師協會），為一所進取、 為的提供意見，而事實證明這策略帶大 爭議解決、活動贊助及隱蔽式市場營 充滿活力、全球性的及具規模之協會， 家走出困局非常有用。分享中亦提醒我 銷、稅務、引渡、數據保護、新興市場 專為45歲及以下的律師和企業內部法律 們溝通不僅僅是為作出傳達，而亦涉及 和人權問題。 顧問而設。作為非牟利機構，其目的是 到更深層的聆聽，包括沒有說出的話。 有趣的是各項會議均採用不同的形式以 推動年青法律專業人士在國際舞台上的 接下來，我們走進工作坊，由律師事務 幫助我們學習。在「家族企業和家族業 專業合作和友誼。AIJA通過舉辦​​會議、 所合夥人現場示範電話談話與會議，從 務的繼承」的工作會議上，我們接到一 研討會和工作坊，致力於提供法律培 中說明介紹各種談判的技巧。此外亦有 宗關於「哈利波特」家庭的虛構案件， 訓，以及促進世界各地律師之間的經驗 不同的模擬匯報，其中一個特意加入應 案中蓬勃發展的藥水業務引起了繼承問 和知識交流。 避免的事情，讓觀眾能從反面的例子中 題，涉及年輕的流行歌手太太以及與妻 學習。接著，參加者參加以小組形式進 子關係惡劣的敗家子。然後，小組成 完善軟技能：會前研討會及一 行的案例研究，每人均需擔任一個角色 員就顧及各自的司法管轄區的任何繼承 對一的訓練 並應用「燙手山芋」、「轉移注意力和 法、遺產稅和婚前協議的可執行性下， 為期五天的會議由會前研討會作熱身， 「以退為進」等方法進行談判。這些互 對構建該家族的業務提出不同的解決方 以提升參加者的談判和匯報技巧。從事 動的體驗實屬非常有效。 案。 不同業務類別的律師均會覺得這研討會 除會前研討會外，大會為了完善我們的 在「2012年倫敦奧運會後的體育賽事贊 有用，因為不論是那個法律專業領域軟 軟技能，還特地提供一對一的指導課 助及隱蔽式市場營銷─現況如何」的會 技能都是不可缺少的。這個會前研討 程。我於是利用這機會約見了行政導師 議上，從印度到法國世界各地的講者論 會名為「從良好到高效─發展你的談判 以就個人改進方面進行討論。 述知識產權法能觸及的領域，並展示在 和演講技巧，使你從一眾律師中脫穎而 倫敦奧運會期間出現的巧妙廣告的生動 法律探討：工作會議和研討會 出，以精心設計確保參加者能把要點帶 畫面，來演示出所採用的創意招數以小 回家，而且還有機會即場運用所學到的 大會的項目在接下來的幾天全力展開， 心地避免違反任何知識產權，這在隱蔽 知識。 在每個早上或下午通常會有兩個或三個 式市場營銷中變得越來越普遍。另外，

24 www.hk-lawyer.org Special Report 特 別 報 告

在「引渡法─無遠不及的法律」中，舉 蘭明歌舞蹈表演​​結束。 東西方文化大不同」的工作會議中，我 例來說，其中一位講者跟我們分享英國 們討論到中國、美國、美國、日本和印 當中特別周到的安排莫過於在家中設宴 在《1957年歐洲引渡公約》下的最新發 度的法律制度之間的文化差異。專家小 ─當地的律師會以小組的形式帶參加者 展。 組成員﹝來自中國、美國、日本和印度 到他們家。陪伴我的為另外六名分別來 的代表﹞描述法律代表之間如何經常迷 在「關於艱苦談判中的軟技能─東西方 自英國、瑞士、奧地利、德國和荷蘭， 失於東西方的對話翻譯中，特別是當當 文化大不同」中，大家的注意力轉到亞 我們一同品嚐自製的pica pica和西班牙 事人並不了解東道國的文化習俗。例 洲。來自中國內地、日本和印度的講者 海鮮飯，渡過一個難忘的晚上。隨後 如，美國的代表強調採用美國法律界傾 向大家提供文化和禮儀上的秘訣，範圍 東道主甚至把我們帶到屋頂，一邊觀賞 向秉持的目標為本的做法，而印度律師 從東方的座位安排、頭銜到談判習慣不 巴塞羅那的夜景一邊品嚐西班牙氣泡酒 則更側重於與他們的客戶和他們的同事 等。參加者於圓桌會議中一同討論一宗 cava。戶外愛好者可以於當天前往海 建立關係。另一個對比是，美國使用「 假設性的案件，案中一家西方公司提出 灘或參加足球比賽。大會於壯麗的酒莊 最後期限」這詞，但印度卻偏好使用「 要在亞洲打造一個港口。我們對跨文化 Cavas Codorniu舉行盛大的慶祝晚宴高調 日程」這詞。印度代表解釋說，避免使 議題進行了探討。 結束，並展出歷屆大會的照片讓大家回 用像軍用的詞彙可形成促進有機的工作 顧AIJA過去50年的足跡。 建立聯繫：晚宴、派對、聯誼… 關係的友善工作背景，而非基於追求的 當會議代表互相擁抱道別時，我們便知 目標和目的工作背景。 樂在其中 道這並不是結束而是友誼的開始。由於 而中國的代表則就中國商業律師所實踐 是次大會就如其他活動一樣，畢竟人才 世界變得一個地球村，作為一個國際性 的「暫停懷疑」概念作出解釋。例如， 是主角。最富啟發性的莫過於在大會上 專業網絡的一分子等如擁有極為寶貴的 當中國律師向欲於中國購買公司的客戶 認識到其他年青律師，並跟他們談天說 資產。事實上，聯繫已經展開了─因為 拿取指示時，真誠的行為比盡職審查重 地；而且為履行律師會代表的目的，還 AIJA正籌劃在2014年3月在香港舉行專 要。雙方寧願以相互的信任和信心為基 有其他方式比這樣更有效宣傳香港嗎？ 題研討會。 礎進行商業交易，而非依賴對潛在賣方 不但能想出而且還完成一個無與倫比多 進行之盡職審查。中國的代表解釋說， 采多姿的社交活動，AIJA必屬最好的之 作者 羅拔臣律師事務所見習 對於一個等級制度和官僚作風充斥著的 一。每天均有大量的交流機會，並採取 國家，透明度的概念並非優先考慮的 律師李惠琪 從隨意到正規的不同形式，在不同的場 事。通常情況下，決策者並不願意透露 地舉行，讓參加者在多元設置中互相了 在AIJA第50屆週年大會期間，有各種形 他作出或不作出某決定的理由，而居於 解。所有的對話通通具有激發性─從「 形色色的社交活動為來自世界各地的代 他之下的官員不應該詢問為何得出該結 一國兩制」到歐元危機、從在德國服兵 表提供了大量的交流機會。當中包括「 論。 役到瑞士的全民公決─任何事情亦會討 快速約會、「新手午餐、「家中設宴」 論。 我在工作會議結束時領悟到促進和推動 及「慶祝晚宴」。此類活動為年青律 法律教育是一個持續不斷的過程，而且 具創意的融合活動包括第一天晚上的「 師創造了一個平台從專業和個人的層面 奮力向前研習法律是需要聯合和充分利 快速約會」，當中參加者（不論男女） 與其他國際同儕進行互動和聯誼。我會 用來自世界各地的不同的司法管轄區所 面對面坐著並有四分鐘的時間跟對面的 珍惜在大會期間的過去幾天所賺到的友 獻出的資源和律師。AIJA第50屆大會是 人交談，然後再移到下一個座位。這是 誼。 一個有價值的中間地帶及易於接近接觸 個讓大家認識新面孔及互相交換聯繫方 我覺得「關於艱苦談判中的軟技能─ 到的平台，讓法律界人士和學者均可分 式的熱鬧場合，而且大家對關於香港 東西方文化大不同」及「合資協議的談 享他們的寶貴經驗和意見。有關的工作 法律界的律師會小冊子非常感興趣。大 判：是敵是友？」等的工作會議議題， 會議在支持一個可行和可持續的洲際間 會亦安排了「新手午餐」以介紹新加入 以及「如何完成交易─實用的方法、互 法律體系上實在付出了重要的貢獻。 AIJA的人士予該機構和其工作委員會 動的技術性工作坊為非常有效的，並對 認識。具有氣派的開幕式於被聯合國教 我們生活在一個全球化變得越來越重要 於提升香港的法律界及學習法律會作出 科文組織列為世界遺產的加泰隆尼亞音 的世界中，除了已有影響力的國家外， 有價值的貢獻。 樂廳﹝Palau de la Musica Catalana﹞揭 一些主要的新興國家亦相繼出現。最重 幕，並以具有真正西班牙風味的壯觀佛 例如，在「關於艱苦談判中的軟技能─ 要的是，我們生活的這個世界充滿新的

www.hk-lawyer.org 25 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

發現，而這些發現需要我們訂下新的法 擔任國家記者，我保證會更投入地參與 討論過程中跟其他青年律師互動和面對 律標準；因此律師會的年輕成員將會被 工作會議。這將提供一個平台討論律師 直接的挑戰。這樣的國際性「戰鬥」至 要求他們的日常經驗有深入的了解。出 在接觸外地客戶時在日常工作中所面臨 少可以說是既有趣又富有啟發性。 Shilton Sharpe Quarry launches 席這個國際性的會議的律師會年青成員 的事項，同時亦可推動香港律師會的意 除了學術課程外，AIJA的週年大會是一 因此可以找回AIJA的精神意義。他們應 見、功能和目標。 個完美的場境與其他年輕律師培養國際 該已找到珍貴並可能是長久的友誼，並 關係。在開幕酒會上，我第一次遇到台 Hong Kong office. 建立了新的網絡與法律聯繫。他們應該 灣Tsar & Tsai律師事務所的年輕合夥人 能夠推廣和解釋香港律師會的功能，及 作者 香港律師會年青律師小 Eugenia Chuang女士。我隨後邀請她擔 在法律界如何運作，從而促進不太熟悉 組委員會成員及國際律師協會 任律師會於2012年10月13日在跑馬地舉 We are delighted to announce the launch of our Hong Kong office, Shilton 香港的代表建立理解和溝通。 年青律師委員會香港特別行政 行的「兩岸三地青年律師論壇2012」的 Sharpe Quarry’s first in Asia. 我們可以可在一個國際環境中討論有關 區代表黎蒑 其中一位演講嘉賓。這就是國際會議的 香港法律專業的題目，因為世界性的會 最好的驚喜之一：作出寶貴和持久的全 Since 2003, SSQ has grown its network substantially. In addition to Hong Kong we now AIJA是唯一一個為45歲或以下的年青律 議並不只注重法律方面的技能為主，同 球連繫。此外，我仍然與在家中設宴計 have offices in London, Frankfurt, Munich, Düsseldorf, Paris, Madrid, Milan and Rome. 師而設立的國際組織，我們很榮幸能夠 樣重要的是其成員的更廣泛專業發展作 劃中所認識的律師保持聯絡，計劃中一 We also have the capability to provide coverage in the MENA and CIS/CEE regions as 認識到來自世界各地的其他年輕律師和 出貢獻，而這對21世紀的律師來說極為 位西班牙的本地律師在其家中設宴款待 well as the USA and Australasia through exclusive association relationships. 合夥人。 重要。 幾位代表。我與來自西班牙，德國，瑞 這次是個非常寶貴的體驗，所有的學術 典，希臘，土耳其和波蘭的律師均有愉 Our consultants are highly experienced recruitment professionals with in-depth 在一個多元文化的環境中的談判、管理 和社交活動均是針對青年律師的需求而 快的交談，他們很有興趣知道香港律師 understanding of the legal sector. Many are qualified lawyers. A number of our 技能和工作能力正正就是律師會年輕成 打造。值得一提的是有關合資企業的會 的工作是怎樣的。 員參加如AIJA大會的會議時所能獲益 consultants were previously with Quarry Dougall/The QD Group. 議─我們並非只是作出聆聽的被動參與 的。 AIJA的第51屆週年大會將在阿根廷布 者，每桌的12位參與者分成小組代表合 宜諾斯艾利斯舉行。我建議大家千萬不 We have advised (and continue to advise) global law firms on headline making 我已獲邀請出席明年將在布宜諾斯艾利 資協議中不同的締約方，並須從不同的 要錯過這個機會─立即申請年青律師贊 mergers, alliances and start-ups in a variety of jurisdictions. In Europe we have 斯舉行的第51屆AIJA大會，並代表香 觀點討論當中的優點和缺點。這個富教 助，參與這個非常有意義的活動。 placed partners and teams into many leading City, US and other International firms. 港擔任國家記者。因此，我一直被要求 育意義的會議為我提供了充足的機會於 積極參與專題小組的辯論；而通過志願 Our in-house team works at the highest level with the biggest multinational corporates and financial institutions. We help them to grow and develop their legal functions through providing a sensible, practical and commercially focused service.

Our expertise is unrivalled. Our market knowledge is second to none. We have the resources, the know-how and the relationships to make a crucial difference to your business and to your career.

For further information, in complete confidence, and to meet one of our Hong Kong consultants in person, please contact Robert Rooney on +852 3977 0503 or +852 9730 3199 or email [email protected].

www.ssq.com

26 www.hk-lawyer.org Shilton Sharpe Quarry launches Hong Kong office.

We are delighted to announce the launch of our Hong Kong office, Shilton Sharpe Quarry’s first in Asia.

Since 2003, SSQ has grown its network substantially. In addition to Hong Kong we now have offices in London, Frankfurt, Munich, Düsseldorf, Paris, Madrid, Milan and Rome. We also have the capability to provide coverage in the MENA and CIS/CEE regions as well as the USA and Australasia through exclusive association relationships.

Our consultants are highly experienced recruitment professionals with in-depth understanding of the legal sector. Many are qualified lawyers. A number of our consultants were previously with Quarry Dougall/The QD Group.

We have advised (and continue to advise) global law firms on headline making mergers, alliances and start-ups in a variety of jurisdictions. In Europe we have placed partners and teams into many leading City, US and other International firms.

Our in-house team works at the highest level with the biggest multinational corporates and financial institutions. We help them to grow and develop their legal functions through providing a sensible, practical and commercially focused service.

Our expertise is unrivalled. Our market knowledge is second to none. We have the resources, the know-how and the relationships to make a crucial difference to your business and to your career.

For further information, in complete confidence, and to meet one of our Hong Kong consultants in person, please contact Robert Rooney on +852 3977 0503 or +852 9730 3199 or email [email protected]. www.ssq.com Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Face to Face With JUSTICE KEMAL BOKHARY: A LIFE IN LAW 在法律界的一生：專訪包致金法官

25 October 2012 saw the closing of a remarkable chapter in Hong Kong’s legal history, the retirement of the last founding judge of the Court of Final Appeal (CFA), Justice Kemal Bokhary. Although a lot more was said than these columns will allow, it is hoped that the following pages will yet do his amazing story some justice. The focus, incidentally, is not the law – for that one can read his many judgments. Rather, it is his life in law.

By Hans Mahncke, Senior Coordinator for Projects hen I first approached him Justice Bokhary picks up where he left City University of Hong Kong Wabout doing an interview, off, talking about his family. Justice Bokhary was hesitant. He commented that so much had Childhood already been written about him and He was born in Hong Kong in 1947 as his impending retirement. But this is the youngest son of Daoud Bokha- different, I said, the Hong Kong Law- ry and his wife Halima, née Arculli. yer wants this to be a biographical Justice Bokhary’s father originated piece. I know Justice Bokhary loves in Peshawar, British India, but came to tell a good story and so it proved. to Hong Kong in 1945 as part of the A few weeks later I am back at his British Indian liberation forces. It was office, on the corner between Cheung in Hong Kong that he met Justice Kong Park and St John’s Cathedral. Bokhary’s mother, whose ancestors Justice Bokhary offers me tea or had settled in Hong Kong even before coffee, adding that he always has tea. the founding of the British colony in I soon realise why - the Judiciary’s 1841, with Justice Bokhary’s great instant coffee is terrible. As St John’s great grandfather having arrived as a Cathedral clock tower strikes 10 am, sailor from Western India. It was his

28 www.hk-lawyer.org cover story 封 面 專 題

❝... the memory is freshest at the conclusion of a trial, which makes this the best time to give a judgment.❞

www.hk-lawyer.org 29 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

great grandfather, known to all simply at his favourite place growing up, the Justice Bokhary would spend his time as Dada, who first achieved promi- beach at Castle Peak. Little remains of watching trials. He preferred going to nence, building a successful business the Hong Kong he grew up in, and one the Strand rather than to the Old Bailey in the latter part of the 19th century. senses Justice Bokhary’s fondness of – after all it was the civil cases that he His grandfather took over the family those times. He mentions that it was far was most interested in. Back then, he business while his great uncles excelled easier to get around than is the case to- says, there was far more advocacy and at law and medicine. Justice Bokhary’s day. Perhaps it was this that helped him less pre-trial exchanges such as skele- father managed a Wharf godown before discover law, as it was family gatherings, ton arguments, which made hearings making his hobby into a profession by and in particular his great uncle Abbas so much more interesting to watch. He starting his own brokerage firm – a firm el Arculli, himself a solicitor in Hong reminisces about the times when he sat which today is run by Justice Bokhary’s Kong, who inspired Justice Bokhary to in court watching Lord Denning – what older brother Bagh. pursue his chosen career. Justice Bokha- a treat that must have been. He has ry also admired his older cousin by nine very fond memories too of Lord Diplock, years Ronald Arculli, who was admitted who would spend innumerable hours to the Bar when Justice Bokhary was with students on law and advocacy. just 14. It was his desire to study law It is clear that Justice Bokhary enjoyed which prompted him to move from St. his time in London, but there was still Francis Xavier’s School to King George the small matter of passing his exams. V School, allowing him to take the GCSE He has a simple answer: exams which he needed to study law in the United Kingdom. Moving out of the CFA Reading law 搬離終審法院 Justice Bokhary moved to London in 1967, staying in different bedsits – rent- ed accommodation -while reading for the Bar at Middle Temple. He says he “My mother with my elder brother on her left and did not attend classes much, prefer- me on her right, before my sister was born.” ring to go to the library to read United “與家母及兄長(左)合照。當時妹妹尚未出世。” States (“US”) law reports, particularly constitutional law cases. This was not Justice Bokhary’s earliest memories especially useful for his studies, but it date back to the early 1950s, when was what he loved doing and Marbury the family lived in different parts of v Madison 5 U.S. 137 (1803) became his the Kowloon peninsula. At home, the all-time favourite case. I ask him about Bokharys spoke a mixture of languag- his favourite US judge and without hes- es - English, Cantonese and Urdu. But itation, he says Chief Justice Marshall. English soon became predominant and I assume he means Thurgood Marshall Justice Bokhary regrets neglecting his – the first African-American judge on Cantonese reading over the years. He the US Supreme Court - but then realise remembers playing with the other chil- that Justice Bokhary said Chief Justice, dren on the streets of Tsim Sha Tsui and not Justice. He is always very precise. He Kowloon Tong, and in all the vacant lots meant John Marshall, who as US Chief around the family home. He recalls that Justice between 1801 and 1835 presided this was a time when there were houses over Marbury v Madison. with gardens in Ashley Road and when he could hop on a bus to go swimming When he was not reading US cases,

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“As a student you need to have a good memory for cases - as a barrister it is facts which you need to remember. But in any case you need a good memory.”

And Justice Bokhary certainly has it, recalling events from 45 years ago as if they happened just last week. “The Li Court. (L-R: Bob Ribeiro, me, Andrew Li, Patrick Chan and Tony Mason)” Practicing with a certain “李氏法院 - 左起：李義、本人、李國能、陳兆愷、梅師賢” Ronald Arculli and Andrew Li Justice Bokhary started his pupillage in chambers. His cousin Ronald had pupillage. They met again shortly after London in 1970 and finished it in Hong already established himself in the same Justice Bokhary became a tenant in Kong in 1971. Back then, he remembers, chambers, and both he and Oswald chambers and Verina joined as a pupil. it was possible to split pupillage into Cheung became Justice Bokhary’s pupil One of the rarely-told stories of Justice Bokhary’s life is his deep affection for two halves. So after a three-and-a-half masters. Their chambers were located in Verina and their wonderful love story year absence, he returned to Hong Prince’s Building, where Justice Bokhary that spans more than 40 years. In Kong around Chinese New Year 1971, would soon be joined by Andrew Li, later many ways, one gets the very distinct and immediately set about continu- to become Chief Justice. Justice Bokhary feeling that had he not met Verina, Jus- recalls that, at some point or another, ing his pupillage in Oswald Cheung’s tice Bokhary would not have managed all founding justices of the CFA, includ- to achieve all that he has done. ing Henry Litton and Charles Ching, had worked in the north-east corner of Justice Bokhary’s work centred on com- Prince’s Building. mercial and business law. He says his cousin Ronald was a once-in-a-gener- For a while, Justice Bokhary shared a ation authority on Hong Kong business room with Andrew Li and Patrick Fung, law and practice and that he, along or “Three Men in a Tub” as he describes with everyone else, struggled when it with a big grin on his face. But it Ronald left the chambers. Sometimes, soon became clear that while such an Justice Bokhary had to take on criminal arrangement was commonplace in cases. Back then, the cab rank rule was the UK, it did not work as well in Hong not limited to cases in areas which one Kong. The reason was not his room- normally practiced in, and so he found mates – of them he speaks in the most himself defending around 20 murder affectionate tones. Rather it was that cases, while leading just one murder while UK solicitors tended to provide full prosecution. He is glad this practice written instructions, Hong Kong “solici- has changed, as even the most accom- tors provide only a short brief and then plished barrister might not be cut out expect to come over and tell the tale in for dealing with the criminal law and its conference” – something that did not consequences. He recalls one barrister lend itself to room-sharing. who, although he had valiantly defend- It was also at Oswald Cheung’s cham- ed his client, never quite got to terms bers that Justice Bokhary met his wife with the fact that the client was eventu- Verina. The first time he saw her was ally hanged. (continued on p.34) when Verina came to be interviewed for

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REUTERS/Bobby Yip

Justice Bokhary leaving the court 28 February 1999 after responding to a request by the Hong Kong government to clarify a January ruling on residency rights, which forced the first legal showdown with Beijing in the former British colony. 1999年2月28日，包致金法官回應香港特區政府的要求，讓法庭澄清在Ng Ka Ling v Director of Immigration [1999] 1 HKLRD 315一案中有關居港權的裁決。

2012年10月25日，終審法院首批法官的其中一員 者首次接觸包法官以期安排訪問 筆時，他是顯得有點猶疑的。他指 包致金先生光榮引退，結束了香港法律史上光輝的 出坊間已有很多有關他和他行將退休的 一章。包法官最近曾接受筆者訪問，而筆者希望利 文章。筆者強調今次訪問的性質不同， 因為本刊希望出版一篇關於包法官的 用有限的篇幅，簡要地介紹包法官精彩的一生。本 傳記式文章。筆者知道包法官喜歡說故 文的重點不在於談論法律本身 — 畢竟包法官過往 事，今次訪問亦證明了這一點。數星期 已在多份判詞中詳述他對各個法律議題的看法。本 後，筆者應邀到包法官在終審法院大樓 的辦公室進行訪問。包法官問筆者要茶 文反而旨在描繪包法官在法律界的一生。 還是咖啡，並告訴筆者他只會選茶。筆 者很快便知道原因：司法機構所提供的 即沖咖啡，味道強差人意。包法官的辦 作者 Hans Mahncke，學務副校長室高級項目統籌 香港城市大學 公室位於長江公園和聖約翰座堂之間的

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一角，而到了上午10時正，聖約翰座堂 求，促使包法官從聖 響起莊嚴而清澈的鐘聲，包法官亦暫時 芳濟書院轉讀英皇佐 放下工作，向筆者講述他的故事。 治五世學校，讓他有 機會考取綜合中等教 童年 育證書(GCSE)，從 包法官於1947年在香港出生，是 Daoud 而能夠到英國修讀法 Bokhary 先生和其太太 Halima, née 律。 Arculli 女士所生的幼子。包法官的父親 來自英屬印度的白夏瓦，於1945年以英 修讀法律

屬印度自由軍成員身份來到香港，並在 包法官於1967年遠 香港認識 Halima, née Arculli 女士。她 赴倫敦修讀法律，目 的祖先早於1841年香港成為英國殖民地 標是獲中殿法學堂賦 前已在香港定居。包法官的曾曾祖父則 予大律師資格。在修 是在行船時從西印度來到香港。包法官 讀法律的數年期間， 的曾祖父 — 家族各人都稱他為 Dada — 他曾租住不同的臥室和房間。他說他 包法官固然享受身在倫敦的日子，但身為 在19世紀末成功創業，受社會囑目。包 經常缺課，寧願到圖書館借閱美國案 學生，他始終要為考試及格這樁「小事」 法官的祖父其後繼承父業，接管家族生 例彙編，尤其是憲法案例。雖然此舉 而努力。為此，他給了簡單的答案： 意，曾叔父則精通法律和醫學。包法官 無助學業，但他偏偏喜愛這樣做，而 的父親曾管理一個碼頭貨倉，其後化興 在芸芸案例中，Marbury v Madison 5 「學生須要牢記案例， 趣為事業，創立一所經紀行。該行現由 U.S. 137 (1803) 就成了包法官歷年來 大律師須要牢記案情。 包法官的胞兄 Bagh 打理。 最喜歡的案例。筆者問誰是他最喜愛 說到底，你的記性 包法官可憶起的最久遠事情，追溯到 的美國法官，而他毫不猶豫地回答說 要很好。」 1950年代初，當時他的家人住在九龍 「首席法官Marshall」。筆者還以為這是 半島各處。在家中，包法官與家人以多 指美國最高法院首位黑人法官 Thurgood 包法官的記性無疑甚佳 — 他在憶述45年 種語言溝通，包括英語、廣東話和烏都 Marshall 先生，其後才察覺包法官所說的 前的事情時，詳盡程度就好像那些往事是 語。不久，英語成了主流語言，而至今 是首席法官而不是法官。他的用詞總是 剛才發生似的！ 包法官仍然後悔多年來沒有好好地學習 十分精確。他其實是指由1801年到1835 廣東話。他還記得年幼時經常在尖沙咀 與夏佳理和李國能一起執業 年間出任美國首席法官並曾主審 Marbury 和九龍塘的街道上和寓所附近的空地上 包法官的大律師實習過程於1970年在倫 v Madison 一案的 John Marshall 先生。 與其他小孩玩耍。他憶述當時亞士厘道 敦開始，於翌年在香港完成。他還記得當 除了閱讀美國案例外，包法官亦喜歡到 一帶有不少花園洋房，而且他常常乘巴 時容許實習大律師分兩個階段完成實習。 法庭旁聽審訊。與位於 Old Bailey 的中央 士到他最喜愛的青山灣泳灘暢泳，這個 離港三年半後，他在1971年農曆新年前 地方更可說是陪伴他成長。滄海桑田， 刑事法庭相比，他寧願到 Strand 的法庭 後返回香港，並隨即加入當時位於太子大 包法官所憶述的香港現已面目全非，但 聽審 — 畢竟他最感興趣的是民事案件。 廈的張奧偉大律師事務所繼續實習。包法 他對於童年時的景象和往事仍然回味無 他指出，昔日的法律程序並無審訊前交 官的表哥夏佳理先生當時已經在該大律師 窮。他提到以前到任何地方都比現在容 換如論點概要等文件的過程，因此很著 事務所任職大律師，因此他和張奧偉先生 易得多。可能是這個原因，讓他有機會 重與訟各方的代表大律師在審訊時在庭 兩人成為了包法官的師傅。其後李國能先 接觸法律。多次的家庭聚會，特別是任 上陳述論據和進行辯論，使審訊過程極 生亦加入同一間事務所，而眾所周知，李 職事務律師的曾叔父 Abbas el Arculli， 具可觀性。包法官回想經常旁聽 Denning 國能先生後來出任終審法院首席法官。包 啟發包法官決定投身法律事業。包法官 勳爵審案 — 這想必是難忘的經歷！包法 法官憶述，終審法院的首批法官，包括烈 亦很仰慕比他年長九年的表兄夏佳理先 官亦憶起 Diplock 勳爵毫不吝嗇時間，與 顯倫先生和沈澄先生，都曾於某段時間在 生，他在包法官年僅14歲時便取得執 學生探討法律和訟辯問題，令學生獲益 這一所位於太子大廈東北一角的大律師事 業大律師的資格。正是對修讀法律的渴 良多。 務所工作。

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有一段時間，包法官曾經與李國能先生 和馮柏楝先生在同一個房間工作。包法 官笑說，他們是「浴缸中的三個男人」 。雖然這種辦公房間安排在英國十分普 遍，在香港則不然。原因絕不在於與包 法官同房工作的人 — 事實上，他對李 先生和馮先生讚賞不絕。實情是，在 英國，事務律師在延聘大律師處理案件 時，習慣提供內容詳盡完整的委聘書， 但在香港，「事務律師只會提供簡短的 委聘書，然後期待到大律師辦公室開 會，屆時才提供更多資料」，而這種方 式難以容許多位大律師在同一房間工 作。

包法官亦是在張奧偉大律師事務所遇 上他未來的妻子 Verina。他首次看見 Court bench”. Justice Bokhary did not Verina 時，她正在該大律師事務所準備 Being Queen’s Counsel and judge take long to say “yes”. He now says that 出席面試，因為她應徵了到該處實習。 In 1983, Justice Bokhary was appoint- even if he had given himself more time 不久後，當包法官成為駐所大律師，而 ed Queen’s Counsel. By then he had to think about it, he could never in fact Verina 加入成為實習大律師之時，他們 started his own practice, not because have said “no” to a dear friend. To this 再次遇上。一個鮮為人知的故事，是關 he wanted to but because Oswald day, Justice Bokhary affectionately calls 於包法官對 Verina 的愛慕之情以及他 Cheung’s chambers had grown to the Yang “Chief”. 們之間長達四十載的愛情故事。包法官 point of opening an annex, which, for Dealing with cases 的故事令人覺得，倘若他當初沒有遇上 administrative reasons, was easier to On the bench, Justice Bokhary became Verina，他不會取得今天的成就。 run as separate chambers. He remained known for his ex tempore judgments. focused on company and commercial Almost all of his Court of First Instance 任職大律師期間，包法官主要處理涉及 law, while also delving an area that has judgments were rendered on the last 商業法的案件。他說他的表哥夏佳理先 always captured his interest: personal hearing date, and if not, then usually on 生當年是香港商業法律與實務方面的權 injury involving quadri- and paraplegics. the very next day (this was fact-checked 威，而當夏佳理先生離職時，他與事務 Then, in 1987, he got an invitation to without Justice Bokhary even mention- 所內其他人都感到十分可惜。包法官 have lunch with the Chief Justice, Sir TL ing it -- he is not one to blow his horn; 有時也要處理刑事案件。當時，「不得 Yang. Yang wanted Justice Bokhary to in fact, I doubt he even realises it). As 選擇客戶」規則並不只適用於涉及一名 sit as a Deputy Judge during the sum- he says, the memory is freshest at the 大律師通常處理的法律範疇的案件，因 mer term. By then, Verina had already conclusion of a trial, which makes this 此，例如在謀殺案件中，包法官大多代 given up practice to become a magis- the best time to give a judgment. Ev- 表辯方，很少代表控方。上述規則的弊 trate. With three young daughters, this erything is still in front of you, including was a deliberate decision by the Bokha- 端是，一名大律師即使如何出色，也不 counsels’ submissions, and can hence rys to ensure that there was someone 能避免處理刑事案件和承受其後果。包 be quickly referenced. When it is not at home with the children while Justice 法官仍記得曾有一名大律師，他雖然極 possible to give a judgment ex tempore, Bokhary himself was working late. In he advises never to reserve judgment. 力為其當事人抗辯，但該人最終仍被判 1989, it was Justice Bokhary’s turn to Instead, set a judgment date so as to 謀殺罪成立和被問吊，而該名大律師一 join his wife on the bench on a full-time impose a deadline on oneself. After all, 直無法接受該事實。包法官很高興見到 basis. He remembers Yang’s words he says, “you cannot let things pile up.” 上述規則現已有所放寬。(續36頁) precisely: “I am offering you the High

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Of course, he cautions that this ap- had to hold a press conference - even justices. He had not only reached the proach works best when one sits alone. though there was nothing much I could pinnacle of a stunning career, but also But even on appeal he has found that it say - but people had to be reassured completed a 30-year journey to end up is possible to render judgments ex tem- that the inquiry was underway and that right where it all began, reading consti- pore, provided that, during the judges’ we would work expeditiously.” tutional law judgments. Only that he was “whispered conversations”, a consensus now the one writing them. His passion This was the only inquiry that he has emerges. for constitutional law had thus found ever been involved with, he says, which the ultimate outlet, a job which entailed Justice Bokhary was thrust into the had no political undercurrents. Everyone frequently applying, interpreting and de- limelight, and into a completely differ- was there to assist and cooperate. In veloping constitutional law in one of the ent world, when tragedy struck just after the end, he felt the police could not be world’s most exciting legal settings. midnight on 1 January 1993. There had blamed. Had they implemented stricter been a stampede in Lan Kwai Fong, and crowd control measures, people would Indeed, the CFA started off as something 20 people were dead. When I asked him have criticised them for over-policing. of an untried experiment, with non-per- about this, his sprightly eyes suddenly But a tragedy focuses the mind, and manent foreign judges, a new consti- turn sad: “It seemed like a perfect New stricter crowd control became the norm. tutional order within a very traditional Year’s Day until I picked up the newspa- Hence, as Justice Bokhary advises, any common law environment, as well as per.” Later that same morning, TL Yang inquiry report should be treated with a the infamous Article 158 that provides called and said that the then-governor, degree of flexibility. When recommen- Beijing with the ultimate power of inter- Chris Patten, wanted Justice Bokhary to dations get too specific, he cautions, pretation. The joke back then was that it lead the inquiry. He was told things had initiative tends to be stifled as enforcing was the “Court of Not-so-final Appeal”. to move quickly as Chinese New Year agencies end up doing only what is But in the end, things worked out beyond was only a month away and there had specified and no more. anyone’s expectations. Of course, justices to be an interim report before then to could draw on the experience of the Privy ensure that there was to be no repeat The “Court of Not-so-final Council, which also had a tradition of in- of the incident. Justice Bokhary believes Appeal” cluding justices from other common law he may have been chosen because he In 1997, Justice Bokhary was appoint- jurisdictions. Justice Bokhary says the was seen as a brisk worker. He adds “I ed to the CFA as one of four founding much-vaunted anecdote that overseas justices were brought in to safeguard human rights is nonsense: “Overseas judges would and could never be watch- men watching over other justices”.

As his own days on Hong Kong’s highest court draw to a close, Justice Bokha- ry lauds the collegiality on the court. Although opinions have differed, he says he never encountered anything less than a highly-cooperative attitude, both at the

“The cartoon shown above is a refinement of the first of my crocodile cartoons, "這是本人繪製的首幅「卡通鱷魚」的改良版。這幅卡通 which was prompted by (Court of Final Appeal judge) Bob Ribeiro’s dissent in 的靈感,來自李義在終審法院案例 Official Receiver v Chan the case of Official Receiver v Chan Wing Hing (2006) 9 HKCFAR 545. That case Wing Hing (2006) 9 HKCFAR 545 中的小數法官判決。 concerned a provision in the Bankruptcy Ordinance. In regard to undischarged 該案牽涉《破產條例》其中一項條文，就未獲解除破產的 bankrupts, that provisoin imposed a restriction on the right to travel guaranteed 人而言，該條文限制了《基本法》所保障的旅行自由。案 by the Basic Law. By a majority to which I was party, the Court of Final Appeal 中大多數法官(包括本人)裁定該限制超越了為保障債權人 struck down the restriction on the ground that it went beyond what was 權益所需的限制範圍,故屬無效。李義則持相反意見，認 necessary for the protection of creditors. Bob, taking the view that the restriction 為該限制未有超越所需範圍。本人把這個觀點稱為「保守 did not go too far, dissented. It was what I would call a “conservative” dissent.” 的」異議。" - an excerpt from Justice Bokhary’s memoirs, which will be published by Sweet - 節錄自包致金法官的回憶錄，而此回憶錄將由Sweet & & Maxwell by the end of the year Maxwell在本年底出版

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hearing and judgment-writing stages. to my students, whom he would gather 楊爵士的話仍然記憶猶新：「我誠邀你 Sometimes the justices would discuss in his office and start sharing anecdotes, 擔任高等法院法官。」包法官不用費煞 a case immediately after its conclusion, captivating even those who would rarely 思量便接受了邀請。多年後的今日，他 and at other times, afterwards, but in turn up to lectures. He has that ability; 仍然覺得，即使當時他給自己更多時間 every case, whether they were unani- it seems he was born with it, and Hong 考慮，他也不可能拒絕好友的邀請。包 mous or split, justices would come up Kong University will be a lot richer for it. 法官現仍然親切地稱呼楊爵士為「楊大 with an agreeable allocation of writing Justice Bokhary also wants to learn 人」。 duties. Many judgments evolved col- more about arbitration as he regrets laboratively, he says, with words spoken never having had the time to fully ap- 審案心得 during discussions flowing straight into preciate this important part of the legal 包法官最為法律界熟悉的審案特 the drafts. system. Then there are his memoirs, 色，是他經常即席作出判決。他出 After more than four decades in prac- which he intends to publish with Sweet 任原訟法庭法官時，幾乎所有判 tice and on the bench in Hong Kong, & Maxwell, and which, judging by the 決都是在審訊最後一天作出，否則 who then, is the judge to have left the conversations I was fortunate enough 通常也會在審訊結束翌日作出。 biggest impression on him? Justice to have had with him, should make for （這是經核證的事實，而非出自 Bokhary does not dither in his answer: fascinating reading. 包法官的口中。他並非喜歡自吹 TL Yang, a man of “great dignity and Justice Bokhary checks the time and re- 自擂的人，而事實上，筆者懷疑 immeasurable calmness”, known simply alises it is already past one pm. Having 他自己是否知道上述事實。） as the “Chief”. What about his favourite patiently sat and talked about his life 他指出，審訊剛剛結束時，法官對案件 CFA judgment? Justice Bokhary takes for many hours, he is suddenly in a rush some time to eventually single out one: 的記憶最為深刻，所有與案有關的資料 – like most days, he is off to have lunch Donald Nicholls’ judgment in Albert （包括大律師的陳詞）亦盡在眼前，可 with his wife and he seems as eager to Cheng v Paul Tse [2000] 3 HKCFAR 339 供隨時查閱，因此法官也最適合在該時 get there as a young teenager on a first because “it is the only Court of Final Ap- 候作出判決。包法官亦認為，即使無法 date. peal judgment in common law which is 即時作出判決，法官也不宜保留判決， truly original.”Further, he adds, Nicholls 而是應當為自己訂下作出判決的期限。 has an “inimitable” talent for addressing 成為御用大律師和法官 畢竟，正如包法官所言：「你總不能任 fundamental legal issues in a manner 1983年，包法官獲委任為御用大律師。 由工作不斷堆積的。」包法官指出，當 which touches a chord with laymen. 其後，他開始自行執業 — 這並非他的意 審訊在單一名法官席前進行時，即席作 願，而只是因為當時張奧偉大律師事務 出判決固然十分可行；但即使是上訴案 Life after the CFA 所已擴展至有需要開設附屬事務所，而 件，包法官發覺仍有可能在案件審結當 Like Nicholls, Justice Bokhary will next 基於行政上的理由，設立獨立的附屬事 天作出判決，條件是一眾法官在「細語 become a non-permanent justice and 務所將便於管理。包法官繼續專注於從 one senses that he will miss the bench 討論」的過程中能夠就裁決達致共識。 事公司法和商業法業務，同時亦涉足一 very much. Or maybe it is the law that 1993年1月1日零晨，剛踏入新一年， 個一直令他著迷的範疇：涉及四肢癱瘓 he will miss. Perhaps, that is a more 蘭桂坊發生了一宗「人踏人」慘劇，導 和下身癱瘓者的人身傷害案件。 accurate way of putting it, as he excit- 致20人不幸喪生。這事件令包法官成為 edly starts talking about his new role 1987年，包法官應邀與當時的首席按察 社會焦點，亦把他帶到另一個世界。當 as an Honorary Professor at Hong Kong 司楊鐵樑爵士共晉午膳。楊爵士表示希 筆者問及他這件事時，他原本充滿生氣 University. He says he does not quite 望包法官能在該年夏季出任暫委法官。 的眼神頓時變得憂傷：「我本來懷著興 know what to expect but still cannot 當時，Verina 已經沒有執業，並轉當裁 奮的心情迎接該個元旦日，但當天清早 wait to be in front of the students. It 判官。這是包法官和 Verina 刻意作出的 打開報紙一看，感覺就侊如晴天霹靂。 seems apparent that he will thrive in 決定，因為當時他們育有三名女兒，並 this role of imparting his wealth of 」當天早上，包法官接到楊鐵樑爵士的 knowledge to a new generation of legal 要確保包法官在忙於工作時各名女兒仍 來電，楊爵士表示當時的港督彭定康先 minds, not least because he has always 然得到適當的照顧。到了1989年，包法 生希望包法官能夠率領一個專為調查該 been very generous in offering his time 官決定跟隨妻子擔任全職法官。他對於 慘劇而設的小組，而且小組必須迅速工

36 www.hk-lawyer.org cover story 封 面 專 題

作，因為一個月後便是農曆新年，而為了 任成員。外界不時流傳一種說法，意指 法律的普通人也能產生共鳴的方式處理 確保同類事件不再發生，包法官被要求於 引進海外法官的目的是維護人權，但包 根本的法律問題。 農曆新年前撰備一份臨時報告。包法官相 法官直指這種說法屬無稽之談：「海外 信，他獲委以該項重任，可能是因為眾人 法官既不會也不能以看守人的身份監察 離開終審法院後的生活 認為他的工作效率甚高。他補充說：「我 其他法官。」 包法官御任終審法院常任法官一職後， 還要主持一個記者會 — 雖然我沒有甚麼話 將如Nicholls勳爵般轉任非常任法官。我 對於這個他快將離開的香港最高級法 可以說，但我們要向市民保證，我們正在 們覺得包法官會十分懷念擔任法官的日 院，包法官力讚在法院共事的一眾同 調查事件的起因，並將盡快發表報告。」 子。又或者他會對法律依依不捨。這也 袍。他指出，雖然有時各名法官在法律 許是更準確的說法，因為他在談及即將 是次調查是包法官在其工作生涯中唯一有 議題上意見不一，但不論在聆訊期間還 擔任香港大學榮譽教授一事時顯得十分 份參與的突發事件調查。他表示，該次調 是在撰寫判詞時，同袍們都抱著非常合 興奮。他說雖然不知應抱有甚麼期望， 查並無任何政治成分，而各方都全力提供 作的態度。法官有時會在案件審結後立 但他熱切地期待面向學生授課。他無疑 協助和配合。經過調查，包法官覺得不應 即討論案件，有時則稍後才進行討論， 會致力將他多年來累積的知識和經驗傳 把「人踏人」事件歸咎於警方。假如警方 但對於每一件案件，不論各名法官是否 授給年輕一代的法律系學生，不只是因 當時採取更嚴謹的人流管制措施，市民定 持一致意見，他們都會協定如何分配撰 為他一直慷慨地在百忙中抽空與筆者的 必會批評警方管制過份。然而，一旦悲劇 寫判詞的工作。包法官指出，很多判詞 學生在他的辦公室聚會，分享他的所見 發生，各人便專注於如何加強人流管制。 是各名法官在討論的過程中把討論的內 所聞，即使是經常缺課的學生也聚精會 因此，包法官建議任何調查報告都要保留 容直接轉化成判詞草稿，故此實屬一眾 神地聆聽他的分享。他擁有這種似乎是 一定的彈性，並且指出，假如報告提出過 同袍的合作成果。 於具體的建議，執行當局便只會按建議辦 與生俱來的凝聚力，而香港大學亦會因 先後以執業大律師和法官身份在香港工 事，令建議無法達到預期目的。 此而得享更大裨益。 作逾四十載的包法官，對哪一位本地法 包法官亦希望學習更多仲裁方面的知 官的印象最深刻？他毫不猶疑地回答： 半終審法院 識，因為他一直無暇深入了解這個重 人人稱之為「楊大人」的楊鐵樑爵士。 1997年，包法官成為首批獲委任為終審 要的法制部份。他更打算與 Sweet & 在包法官眼中，楊爵士是一位「具有高 法院法官的四位法官的其中一員。擔任終 Maxwell 合作出版回憶錄。從筆者有幸能 尚情操和無比鎮定」的人。那麼，包法 審法院法官，固然標誌著包法官的事業到 與他進行的交談看來，這本回憶錄的內 官最喜歡哪一份本地判詞？他思考了一 達了巔峰，但同時也表示著，經過了30 容應會十分吸引。 會後回答：Donald Nicholls 勳爵在 Albert 年的工作光景，包法官將重渡當初在求學 Cheng v Paul Tse (2000) 3 HKCFAR 談到這裡，包法官看一看時鐘，發覺已 期間閱讀憲法案例的日子，唯一不同的是 339 一案中的判詞，因為「在終審法院 是下午一時。花了數小時耐心地向筆者 他現在還要負責撰寫判詞。他對憲法的熱 就普通法而作出的眾多判詞中，這是唯 講述他的一生後，包法官突然又顯得十 誠，最終找到了抒發的渠道：身為終審法 一一份真正充滿原創性的」。包法官補 分匆忙 — 他如常地相約了妻子共晉午 院法官，他將在全世界其中一個最成熟和 充說，Nicholls勳爵擁有一種「無與倫 膳，但他著急赴約的程度，絕不遜於一 充滿挑戰的法律體系下，積極地參與憲法 比」的天賦，這就是他能夠透過令不諳 名急不及待出席初次約會的年青人！ 的應用、詮釋和發展。

事實上，終審法院在香港是一個前所未有 的實驗 — 該法院的法官包括非常任的外 國法官、該法院代表著在根深蒂固的普通 法背景下一個全新的憲法秩序，還有《基 本法》下一項備受議論的條文，即賦予中 央政府最終釋法權的第158條。終審法院 運作初期，更曾有人開玩笑說，該法院是 一個「半終審法院」。但最終事情的發展 超出了各人的預期。終審法院法官當然可 以汲取樞密院的經驗，而樞密院亦一直有 邀請來自其他普通法司法管轄區的法官出

www.hk-lawyer.org 37 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Unleashing the Qualified Foreign Investor 放寛對合格境外投資者的規限

The PRC market has undergone much capital market liberalisation since the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) scheme was first introduced in 2002. This successfully attracted foreign and fund managers’ interest in China A-shares and the domestic bond markets. Regulators followed this up with the introduction of the Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”) scheme in December 2011, which again attracted similar attention, following, since 2010, the national policy of internationalising the Renminbi. The Financial Service Group at Deacons, which represented 15 of the 25 RQFII funds and exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) introduced to the HK market in 2011/2012, tells Hong Kong Lawyer what it is all about.

By Taylor Hui, Partner Deacons Penelope Shen, Associate Deacons

38 www.hk-lawyer.org funds 基 金

Relaxing the rules cent financial year. Under the old rules, While rigorous requirements were im- a QFII commercial bank applicant had posed on the QFII scheme at the initial to be ranked within the top 100 in the stage, with high-entry thresholds, limited world by total assets; now it may apply quotas and stringent foreign exchange for the scheme if it has a minimum of restrictions, the regulators of the PRC 10 years’ experience in the banking 1 capital markets, namely the China Securi- industry, with a tier 1 capital of not ties Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”), the less than US$300 million and at least State Administration of Foreign Exchange US$5 billion of AUM in the most recent (“SAFE”), and the People’s Bank of China financial year. have recently relaxed overall regulations The application process has also be- to attract more foreign investment. come less onerous under the new regu- This year, regulators have further relaxed lations. Applications can be submitted QFII rules, subsequent to revisions issued online via the CSRC’s website, provided in August 2006 and September 2009. that this is followed by a hard copy. Also, the applicant is no longer required The latest rules came into force on 27 to submit its articles of association or a July 2012. The most significant change Chinese translation thereof, or its QFII is the lowering of qualifying thresholds custodian agreement – the submission for QFII applicants. For asset manage- of an authorisation letter is now deemed ment institutional applicants, insurance sufficient. Further, the applicant now company applicants and other institu- only needs submit the audited financial tional investors - including pension funds, statements of the most recent year, charitable funds, donation funds, trust instead of those of the last three years. companies and government investment In all, the new procedures are less companies – the minimum asset under burdensome, while a more streamlined management (“AUM”) threshold is now process enables the regulators to be US$500 million, down from US$5 billion, more efficient. whilst the required minimum period of REUTERS/Claro Cortes operation is two years instead of five. Meanwhile, the regulators have in- creased the total QFII investment quota An attendant prepares tea in the The QFII qualifying criteria for securities to US$80 billion from US$30 billion, assembly hall in Beijing’s Great companies and commercial banks have and are granting quotas to QFIIs at an Hall of the People during an annual been lowered significantly. Previously, parliamentary session. The PRC unprecedented speed. According to has made internationalising the securities company applicants were re- SAFE, as of 19 September 2012, 157 Renminbi a national policy. quired to have at least 30 years’ experi- foreign institutions were granted quotas 年度國會會議在北京人民大會堂舉行期 ence in the industry, paid-up capital of amounting to US$30.82 billion, a third 間，服務員在禮堂裡準備茶點。中國將人 US$1 billion, and AUM of at least US$10 民幣國際化成為一項國家政策。 of which were approved in 2012. The billion. Under the new rules, a securities approval process has also been expedit- company will qualify if it has five years’ ed – it is now possible to obtain a QFII experience, US$500 million in net assets, licence and quota in about six months, and US$5 billion of AUM in the most re- when it used to take one to two years.

1. Tier 1 capital is a term used to describe the capital adequacy of a bank. It represents core capital which includes equity capital and disclosed reserves.

www.hk-lawyer.org 39 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

The loosening of restrictions has also tors. It is one of the two major channels, Kong the major asset management hub extended to other areas of the QFII the other being offshore RMB-denom- in Asia. scheme. Where previously - due to a inated “dim sum” bond funds, which Whilst offshore RMB-denominated technical problem with the Shenzhen provide investors outside the PRC with funds allow foreign financial institutions Stock Exchange and the Shanghai RMB-denominated investment prod- to invest in financial products denomi- Stock Exchange - a QFII may only trade ucts. Both channels are attractive to nated in RMB outside mainland China, through one Chinese broker on each foreign investors due to optimism over such as “dim sum” bonds, the RQFII exchange, it is now possible to open the appreciation of the RMB in the past scheme allows Hong Kong-based asset multiple securities accounts in each two years. Since Deacons acted for Hai management arms of Chinese financial exchange and trade through multiple Tong Asset Management (HK) Ltd. on firms to invest offshore RMB deposits Chinese brokers: this encourages com- its Haitong Global RMB Fixed Income back into the Chinese capital markets. petition amongst brokers, which may Fund in 2010, which was the first Only Hong Kong subsidiaries of PRC bring down brokerage fees and promote offshore RMB-denominated fund in the firms can qualify for an RQFII licence. better services for QFIIs. world, we have witnessed a remarkable RQFIIs are eligible to invest in both Permitted investments for interbank and stock exchange QFIIs have expanded: QFIIs traded securities. are now allowed to (a) par- Although the number of eli- ticipate in Mainland China’s gible applicants for the RQFII interbank bond market and licence is still rather limited, the (b) invest in bonds of small- scheme has already undergone and medium-sized companies notable developments in rela- through private placements. tion to new products. In July Further, all QFIIs (and 2012, the first RQFII A-share investors investing through ETF was listed on the Stock Ex- QFIIs) may now collectively change of Hong Kong, followed hold up to 30%, up from 20% by three other ETFs with the under the previous regula- tions, of the total outstanding latest offering dual currency A-shares in a single listed trading in both RMB and Hong company. Kong Dollars.

Quite simply, the new rules As its name suggests, an RQFII focus on expanding the appli- A-share ETF involves a couple cant base for potential QFIIs of components – it is a product from mutual fund managers under the RQFII scheme and to smaller private fund man- it is an ETF which tracks the agers, while at the same time performance of the Mainland resolving the technical issue capital markets. It differentiates surrounding brokerages and enabling from traditional A-share ETFs a wider range of permitted investments growth in the number of RMB-denom- in that an A-share ETF is a synthetic – all of which have been well-received inated funds both in retail and private replication through investing in deriva- by the market. funds space. The Securities and Futures tive instruments provided by investment Commission have been encouraging banks that have QFII quotas to repli- RQFII – What is new? the range of such products launching cate the performance of the underlying The RQFII scheme was launched in De- in Hong Kong. This is in line with the index. A RQFII A-share ETF, however, is cember 2011 and has captivated inves- government’s policy of making Hong a physical full replication or representa-

40 www.hk-lawyer.org funds 基 金

tive sampling through investing directly 中國市場自合格境外機構投資者（「QFII」）最先於2002年推 in A-shares that represent the composi- 行起已變得更為資本市場自由化，這成功吸引了外商及基金經理 tion of the underlying A-share index. A RQFII A-share ETF has less exposure to 中國A股及境內債券市場的興趣，自始中國市場變得更為資本市 counterparty and collateral risks. 場自由化。監管機構於2011年12月推行人民幣合格境外機構投 PRC regulators have been raising RQFII 資者（「RQFII」）計劃，吸引了國際市場的注目。此計劃由自 investment quota since the launch 2010年起將人民幣國際化的國家政策所促成。的近律師行之金 of the RQFII scheme. In April 2012, the overall quota was significantly 融服務部代表了於2011/2012年度25隻在香港市場推出的RQFII increased to RMB 70 billion from RMB 基金及交易所買賣基金（「ETF」）中的15隻，現給本刊詳述當 20 billion. 中實際情況。

Outlook 作者 許揚，合夥人 的近律師行 Looking forward, the RQFII scheme will 沈汶蒑 ，律師 的近律師行 continue to undergo further develop- ments in terms of product variety (the 放寬規則 根據新的規則，具有5年經驗、5億美元 first batch of RQFII funds lack product QFII計劃在推行初期有嚴格的規定，當中 淨資產及在最近的財政年度至少有管理 differentiation). Whilst the investment 資產50億美元的證券公司符合資格。在 quota for both RQFII and QFII is set to 包括高的門檻、有限的額度及嚴緊的外匯 舊有的規則下，QFII商業銀行申請者需以 increase continually, it is also hopeful 限制，惟中國資本市場的監管機構，即中 總資產計排名在世界首100位以內；而現 that a more variety of foreign financial 國證券監督管理委員會（「CSRC」）、 時，如果商業銀行在銀行業內最少有10 institutions will qualify to participate in 國家外匯管理局（「SAFE」）及中國人 年經驗，擁有一級資本1 不少於3億美元 the QFII scheme. 民銀行最近已全面放寛有關規例，以吸引 更多外商投資。 及在最近的財政年度至少有管理資產50 Continuous liberalisation of the PRC 億美元，則可申請計劃。 capital market, the internationalisation 繼於2006年8月及2009年9月頒布修訂 在新規例下，申請手續亦已變得簡化。 of RMB and the potential cooperation 後，監管機構已於本年度進一步放寛QFII 申請可透過CSRC的網站在網上提交，惟 with the proposed Qianhai special zone 規則。 will come with immense opportunities 隨後需提交印刷本的申請書。此外，申 for Hong Kong. In its recent policy 最新的規則於2012年7月27日生效，當 請者再無需提交其組織章程細則或其中 address, the Hong Kong Government 中最重要的更改是降低QFII申請者符合資 文譯本，或其QFII託管協議 - 提交授權書 reiterated its plan to promote the use 格的門檻。就資產管理機構申請者、保 現時已視作足夠。再者，申請者目前只 and circulation of RMB funds and 險公司申請者及其他機構投資者 – 包括 需提供最近一個年度，而非最近三個年 establish strong and extensive links 退休基金、慈善基金、捐贈基金、信託 度的經審核財務報表。總體而言，新的 with the PRC onshore RMB market. We 公司及政府投資公司而言，管理資產（ 程序不再如以往般繁複，而經簡化的程 believe the asset management industry 「AUM」）的最低門檻由50億美元降低 序使監管機構更有效率。 will continue to expand in response to 至目前的5億美元，而所規定的最短營運 與此同時，監管機構已將QFII投資額度總 such positive policies, giving rise to the 期則由五年縮短至兩年。 further development of relevant regula- 額由300億美元增加至800億美元，並以 證券公司及商業銀行的QFII資格規定已大 tions, in both Hong Kong and the PRC. 前所未有的速度授予QFII更多額度。根據 幅調低。在以前，證券公司申請者需在 SAFE，截至2012年9月19日，有157家 業內至少具30年經驗，已繳足股本10億 境外機構獲授予達308.2億美元的額度， 美元，以及至少有管理資產100億美元。 當中三分之一於2012年獲批。審批過程

1. 一級資本是一個用作形容一家銀行的資本充足水平的詞語，其代表核心資本，包括股本及已 披露儲備。

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亦已加快 – 現時可能約需六個月則可 境外投資者。由於的近律師行於2010年 的投資銀行提供的衍生工具複製相關指 取得QFII牌照及額度，而以往則需時一至 為海通資產管理（香港）有限公司代其 數表現的合成複製。然而，RQFII A股 兩年。 海通環球人民幣收益基金（全球首隻離 ETF是一項透過直接投資於A股而代表相 岸人民幣計價基金）行事，我們已見證 關A股指數成分的實物全面複製或代表抽 放寛限制亦延伸至QFII計劃其他範疇。在 人民幣計價基金的數目在零售及私人基 樣。RQFII A股ETF須承受對手方及抵押 以前，由於深圳證券交易所及上海證券 金領域內均有超凡的增長。證券及期貨 品風險。 交易所技術上的問題，QFII在每個交易所 事務監察委員會鼓勵在香港推出該等產 只可透過一名中國經紀進行交易，而現 中國監管機構自RQFII計劃推出以來已不 品類型，配合政府打造香港成為亞洲主 時則可在每個交易所開立多個證券戶口 斷增加RQFII投資額度。在2012年4月， 要資產管理樞紐的政策。 及透過多名中國經紀進行交易；此舉鼓 整體額度由人民幣200億元大幅增加至人 勵經紀之間的競爭，可能使經紀費得以 當離岸人民幣計價基金容許境外金融 民幣700億元。 調低及為QFII提供更佳的服務。 機構在中國內地境外投資於以人民幣 計價的金融產品（如點心債券）之同 展望 QFII的獲准投資：QFII現時獲准(a)參與中 時，RQFII計劃容許中國金融機構駐香港 放眼未來，以產品種類而言，RQFII計劃 國內地的銀行間債券市場及(b)透過私人 的資產管理分部將離岸人民幣存款投資 將繼續進一步發展（首批RQFII基金缺乏 配售投資於中小型公司的債券。再者， 回中國資本市場。只有中國公司的香港 產品種類區分）。在RQFII 及QFII的投資 所有QFII（及透過QFII進行投資的投資 子公司方可符合資格獲取RQFII牌照的公 額度已設定不斷增加之同時，亦希望將 者）在單一上市公司合共持有的已發行A 司。RQFII具資格同時投資於銀行間及交 會有更多不同類型的境外金融機構符合 股，可由在先前的規例下佔總額的20% 易所買賣證券。 資格參與RQFII計劃。 ，增加至目前最高達30%。 儘管RQFII牌照的合資格申請者的數量仍 中國資本市場、人民幣國際化及與建議 簡單而言，新規則的焦點在於把潛在QFII 然較為有限，惟計劃已就新產品進行顯 的前海特區的潛在合作，為香港帶來無 申請者的層面由互惠基金經理擴闊至較 限機遇。在最近的施政報告中，香港政 小型的私人基金經理，而在同時間，解 著的發展。於2012年7月，首隻RQFII A 府重申其計劃，促進人民幣資金的運用 決圍繞著經紀業務的技術問題及有助擴 股ETF在香港交易所上市，隨後有另外三 大獲准的投資範圍 – 以上種種均廣為市 隻EFT，最近以人民幣及港元雙幣買賣形 和流通，以及建立與中國境內人民幣市 場所接受。 式發售。 場的穩建和廣泛的連繫。我們相信，資 產管理行業將繼續因應該等積極的政策 RQFII A股ETF從名稱已令人聯想得到其 而拓展，引致香港及中國兩地的相關規 RQFII – 有何最新動向？ 牽涉多種成分 – 是RQFII計劃下的一項 例進一步發展。 RQFII計劃於2011年12月推出，深受投 產品，亦是追蹤中國內地資本市場表現 資者歡迎。QFII計劃是向中國境外投資者 的一項ETF，其有別於傳統的A股ETF。 提供人民幣計價投資產品的兩個主要渠 A股ETF是一項透過投資於由具QFII額度 道之一，而另一個則是離岸人民幣計價 「點心」債券基金。該兩個渠道吸引對 人民幣在過去兩年的升值抱樂觀態度的

42 www.hk-lawyer.org

Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Putting more focus on children: the Children’s Dispute Resolution Pilot Scheme 更側重於兒童： 兒童糾紛調解試點計劃 REUTERS/STRINGER Hong Kong

A girl investigates a paper Hong Kong continues with its advancement in family law and cutout of the Hong Kong skyline. particularly on issues concerning children with new Practice Direction 一個女孩研究一個用紙張造成的 15.13 (the “Practice Direction”), published on 3 October 2012, which 香港建築 物。 relates to the new Children’s Dispute Resolution Pilot Scheme. This mandatory pilot scheme will be for a three-year period, unless otherwise directed by the Chief Justice. The procedure will apply to all new disputes relating to children, except those relating to adoption, filed on or after 3 October 2012. By Sharon Ser, Senior Regional Partner Asia Withers Philippa Hewitt, Professional Support Lawyer Asia Withers

44 www.hk-lawyer.org Family Law 家 庭 法

Introduction each parent will be financially, once the over their children, which is how the The Practice Direction was approved question of where the children are to legislation currently reads. There by the Chief Justice following the reside and how much time each parent has been significant debate over the recommendations of a Working Group will have with the children, has been past few years in Hong Kong as to formed in April 2010 chaired by Mr resolved. whether the current legislature should Justice Hartmann to consider and make be amended to be more in line with The Objective recommendations concerning the other common law jurisdictions. The advancement of children’s interests in The objective of the practice direction is debate began in 2005 with the Law family proceedings. The Working Group clear: Reform Commission’s report on Child Custody and Access. This recommended comprised of members of the Judiciary, “The underlying objective is to support a change in terminology away from the Official Solicitors Office, Legal Aid, mothers and fathers, so that they are custody and access and towards an the Social Welfare Department, the Bar able to effectively parent their children assumption of ongoing joint parental and the Law Society and, crucially, as post separation or divorce. The intention responsibility. The joint parental so often in matters of legal reform, the is to ensure that whilst the welfare of responsibility model recognizes Hong Kong Family Law Association. children remains the court’s paramount that, even if a couple divorce, if they concern, that lasting agreements Research was conducted by comparing have children, they still have a joint concerning the children are obtained what processes were available in responsibility towards their welfare. quickly and in a less adversarial other jurisdictions where there was a The report recommended adopting atmosphere. The focus is on the best growing awareness of the importance the clearer terminology of residence interests of the children as well as of involving children, when appropriate, and contact, custody having some the duties and responsibilities of their in the decision-making process that so connotations of ownership and taking parents.” affected them. the parties away from the complications Putting more focus on children: Under the new procedure, the court involved in advising a client whether to The Practice Direction is to be read requires detailed information in apply for joint or sole custody. in conjunction with Practice Direction respect of the children, their current the Children’s Dispute Resolution 15.11, the Financial Dispute Resolution Many members of the legal arrangements and the proposed Pilot Scheme, with which practitioners profession supported the Law Reform arrangements for their future. It puts of family law in Hong Kong will now be Commission’s recommendations, Pilot Scheme the children firmly back into focus well familiar. The Children’s Dispute but the results of a consultation and enables the parties and the court Resolution procedure is very similar, paper dated December 2011 entitled to fulfill their obligations under the in that there is also a preliminary “Child Custody and Access: Whether welfare principle contained in the hearing, the “Children’s Appointment”, to Implement the “Joint Parental newly-amended Section 3 of the followed by the substantive hearing, Responsibility Model” by Legislative Guardianship of Minor’s Ordinance (Cap the “Children’s Dispute Resolution means” led to a decision not to change 13) which states that “In relation to the hearing” (the “CDR”) and then the trial, the legislature. The debate was open custody or upbringing of a minor…in should the CDR not be successful. In to the public and major stakeholder any proceedings before any court… the many instances, in practice, the first including social workers and women’s court…. shall regard the best interests stage of the new process, the Children’s groups and they expressed reservations of the minor as the first and paramount Appointment, will no doubt fall on the on the basis that the new arrangements consideration, and shall take into same date as the First Appointment may be used by trouble making or account the child’s views”. to avoid multiple court appearances. hostile parents to obstruct and harass Thereafter, however, the CDR will It goes some way to modernize the law the other parent and that there was probably take place before the FDR, as in Hong Kong in respect of children sufficient provision under the current it is generally accepted that it is clearer with the emphasis on the duties and law of joint custody to cater for parents to the parties and to the court, what responsibilities of parents rather than who could co-operate with each other in the liabilities and responsibilities of the rights and authority of parents the best interests of the children.

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The consultation period ended on 30 The Children's Form Finally, a section on future parenting April 2012. The general frustration felt Form J is the substantive form for the arrangements provides the parties with by many in the legal profession as a CDR and is called the Children’s Form. the beginnings of a parenting plan and result of the failure to implement the As with Form E in FDR, both parties also encourages the parents to think 2005 recommendations undoubtedly must complete the form and exchange about matters which they may not provided the impetus behind the it and file it in good time (14 days under otherwise do, such as how they propose Working Group and the new Practice this procedure) before the Children’s to maintain communication with the Direction. Appointment and the parties must other parent, or their friends and other family members and who will care for The Procedure make full, frank and clear disclosure of all relevant information and the children if they themselves are not As with FDR, the procedure for CDR circumstances and sign the statement available. is designed to promote settlement of truth on the last page. between the parties and The Children's Appointment a faster resolution to The objective of the practice direction is clear: At the Children’s Appointment, the dispute and a less “The underlying objective is to support mothers the judge will give directions as complicated and thus necessary for the further conduct less emotionally draining and fathers, so that they are able to effectively of the CDR. This includes directions and damaging process. parent their children post separation or divorce. to provide for the filing of a social The judge adopts the role The intention is to ensure that whilst the welfare welfare report or other expert of settlement facilitator. of children remains the court’s paramount reports, the filing of limited Unlike FDR, the judge who concern, that lasting agreements concerning affidavits by the parents or third hears the CDR can take the children are obtained quickly and in a less parties; make final or interim the matter on to trial if adversarial atmosphere. The focus is on the best orders for custody and access, the CDR is not successful, interests of the children as well as the duties adjourn the matter for mediation, as the procedure at CDR collaborative practice or further is not privileged ensuring and responsibilities of their parents.” negotiation; direct that the parents that the best interests of attend counseling or a parenting a child are discussed openly and not In addition to the usual details to be education programme and provide for subject to side bargaining that cannot provided as to age, name and gender, the further conduct of the case, including be brought to the attention of the it contains detailed information on the fixing a date for the CDR or trial as the Judge. children’s current living arrangements, case may be. including where they sleep and who A Notice of Children’s Appointment helps them with their homework, The Children’s Appointment also is issued by the court (Form I and the arrangements as to access and how gives an opportunity to the child to equivalent of Form C in FDR) notifying and when the children communicate voice his views. The Judge can appoint the parties of the date for the Children’s with both parties and third parties, separate representation for the child, by Appointment. This will notify the parties what the children do when the parents appointing a guardian ad litem, either of their need to provide to the court are at work and what happens in the the Official Solicitor or such other fit and to the other side, within 14 days of holidays. Details are also to be provided person, if appropriate. Guidance has the CDR, a Children’s Form in Form J in respect of the children’s schooling, been given on this topic by the Chief and a concise statement of issues. If including travel arrangements and Justice in July 20121 to assist Judges the Children’s Appointment is not to what happens after school and how the and family practitioners as to when be heard at the same time as the First children’s schooling is currently dealt such separate representation would be Appointment in the FDR procedure, a appropriate. In addition, where a child brief chronology and list of directions with and how it will be dealt with in has indicated that he would like to see and orders sought should also be future. prepared and filed 14 days before the 1. Guidance on Separate Representation for Children in Matrimonial and Family Proceedings 23rd CDR. July 2012

46 www.hk-lawyer.org Family Law 家 庭 法

the Judge, or if the Judge deems it appropriate, he can direct that a judicial interview shall take place. This is a very important development as, although Judges could have seen children in the past, there was a marked reluctance to do. The recognition that children have a voice and can be heard and to have that acknowledgement now written into the CDR process is an important step forward in enabling children the right to speak frankly to a Judge and have the Judge say to their parents how their children feel in a remarkably controlled REUTERS/Jairo Castilla environment. the CDR may be adjourned from time to better with each other for the future 2. Hong Kong is a signatory to the United time to assist settlement negotiations. benefit of their children and the Nations Convention on the Rights of the As with FDR, if settlement is not mediation based environment should Child. Article 12 provides that a child’s achieved at the CDR, the matter will discourage the parties from taking views should be taken into account proceed to trial in the usual way. “positions” which they may normally do either directly or indirectly whether in in traditional litigation. By discussing person or through a representative. The Summary and moving forward, the options available, the parties can new procedure therefore provides the the Children's Ombudsman see that solutions can be worked out Family Court with greater opportunities The new procedure is to be welcomed for the benefit of their children with an to hear the child in accordance with as a genuine attempt by the Family understanding of the terminology, often its obligations under domestic and Court in Hong Kong to bring a more so damaging to settlement, of the tricky international law. conciliatory approach to dispute labels of custody and access. resolution in cases relating to children. The Children's Dispute By shortening the time with which the It is without a doubt in the best interests Resolution Hearing matter comes to court, which hopefully of children to ensure that the separation will happen on this strict timetable, Once a date has been given for the CDR, of their parents has the minimum disputes concerning children will not a Notice in Form K will be issued by the impact on them. court. A detailed Statement of Proposals run into months and years, creating Minimising the impact can be achieved relating to the future arrangements uncertainty and long term damage in a number of ways. For example the for the children must be filed and to the child. Finally, hearing the voice Children’s Form encourages the parents simultaneously exchanged with the of the child has, at last, found a place to think deeply about the arrangements other side no later than 14 days prior to in Hong Kong family law procedure for their children, both current and in the CDR. Both parties must attend the which leads to the drive for the next the future and prepares them for the CDR as well as the Social Welfare officer innovation in Hong Kong, the long desired end result – a parenting plan and other witnesses and experts if so awaited and much discussed Children’s which both parties and the children can directed at the Children’s Appointment. Ombudsman. Now Hong Kong has live by in the future with the minimum The Judge acts as a conciliator and recognized children’s rights with this of upset and frustration. can address the parties directly. The new Practice Direction one feels the parties are expected to use their best The less formal approach in court may Government should feel some sense of endeavours to reach an agreement and encourage the parents to communicate obligation to ensure there is a formal champion to advise children and assist 2. Recently the Chief Justice has provided guidance on when this may be appropriate in March 2012 in the enforcement of such rights. ‘Guidance on Meeting Children’ 28th March 2012

www.hk-lawyer.org 47 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

香港一直致力完善家庭法，尤其關注兒童方面，並於2012年10月3日公佈了有關新兒童 糾紛調解試點計劃 — 新實務指示第15.13條（「實務指示」）。該強制性試點計劃為期 三年，終審法院首席法官另有指示則除外。該程序將適用於所有2012年10月3日或之後 提呈涉及兒童的新糾紛，惟當中涉及領養者除外。

作者 施瑞玲，亞洲高級區域合夥人 衛達仕律師事務所 Philippa Hewitt，亞洲專業支援律師 衛達仕律師事務所 序言 經於2010年4月成立並由香港終審法院 夏正民法官擔任主席的工作組推薦後， 實務指示由終審法院首席法官批准。成 立該工作組旨在就有關提高兒童在家庭 訴訟中的利益提出建議，工作組的成員 包括司法機構、政府律師辦公室、法律 援助署、社會福利署、大律師公會和律 REUTERS/Hazir Reka 師公會，以及在法律改革問題中舉足輕 分居或離婚後有效地教養孩子。旨在確 示，即使夫妻已離異，倘彼等有孩子， 重的香港家庭法律協會。 保兒童利益依然為法院最重要的考慮因 彼等仍然對孩子的福利存有共同責任。 研究乃透過比較在其他司法權區可以取 素，有關兒童的長期協議能快速及於較 該報告建議採用更明晰術語：居住和聯 得訴訟程序，該等司法權區日漸意識到 少敵對氛圍下達成。側重點為兒童的最 繫，而監護則具有擁有的涵義，及將當 涉及兒童訴訟（倘合適）在裁決過程的 佳利益以及有關父母的義務與責任。」 事人從複雜的境況中解脫出來，建議客 重要性，而此等裁決過程對兒童影響深 根據新程序，法院需要相關兒童的詳盡 戶申請聯合或單獨監護權。 遠。 資料、彼等當前的安排及彼等未來的建 法律界多方支持法律改革委員會的建 實務指示應與金融糾紛調解試點計劃實 議安排，並明確將重點放在兒童身上， 議，惟一份日期為2011年12月主題為「 務指示第15.11條一併閱讀，香港家庭法 及使當事人及法院根據新修訂未成年人 兒童監護和探視：是否透過立法手段實 的從業者現時亦對該指示非常熟悉。兒 監護條例（第13章）第3條所載的利益原 現「共同父母責任模式」」的諮詢文件 童糾紛調解過程亦非常相似：先有初步 則履行義務，該利益原則規定「有關未 的調查結果顯示，結論為不修訂法例。 聆訊、「兒童指定預約」，隨後為實質 成年人的管養或教養問題...在任何法院進 該辯論讓公眾參與，主要參與者包括社 聆訊、「兒童糾紛調解聆訊」（「兒童 行的法律程序中...法院...須以未成年人的 工及婦女團體，彼等表達了保留意見， 糾紛調解」），及倘兒童糾紛調解未獲 最佳利益作為首要考慮事項，及應考慮 理由為新安排或會被愛找麻煩或具有敵 成功，則執行審訊。在大多數情況下， 兒童的意見」。 意的父母加以利用以阻撓及騷擾對方， 在新程序中的首階段，即兒童指定預 以及共同監護的現行法律足以滿足為兒 約，將必然與首次指定預約為同一日， 此計劃在若干程度上使香港有關兒童的 童最佳利益著想而相互合作的家長。諮 以免屢次出庭。然而，兒童糾紛調解或 法律更切合現代需要，現行立法詮釋 詢期已於2012年4月30日結束。由於未 會於金融糾紛調解之前進行，因為大家 為：強調父母的義務與責任，而非父母 能實施2005年建議，眾多法律界人士感 普遍認為，無論對當事人和法院而言， 對其孩子的權利與權力。於過往數年， 到沮喪，而此亦無疑為工作組及新實務 一旦決定好孩子與誰生活及父母各自陪 在香港就是否應修訂當前立法以與其 指示帶來了推動力。 同孩子的時間問題後，則父母各自在經 他普通法司法權區看齊一直存在重大爭 濟上的義務及責任將更為明確清晰。 論。隨著法律改革委員會於2005年發佈 關於兒童監護權及探視權的報告，爭論 程序 目標 旋即展開。該報告建議更改術語，避免 與金融糾紛調解一致，兒童糾紛調解程 實務指示的目標明確： 使用監護和探視字眼，及預期假設持續 序旨在促進當事人之間的和解、提供更 「基本目標是支持父母，以便彼等能在 的共同父母責任。共同父母責任模式表 快捷的爭議解決方案，以及達致一個不

48 www.hk-lawyer.org Family Law 家 庭 法

太複雜以致避免投入過多感情和破壞的 定做的事，例如建議與父母另一方保持 兒童糾紛調解聆訊 共識，其中，法官將扮演調解者的角 聯繫，或倘當事人無法照看兒童時由朋 一旦確定兒童糾紛調解的日期，法院將 色。兒童糾紛調解程序有別於金融糾紛 友及其他家族成員代為照看兒童。 以表格K發佈通告。有關兒童日後安排的 調解，倘無法進行兒童糾紛調解，則 詳盡建議聲明須於兒童糾紛調解前十四 兒童指定預約 聽審法官可進行判決，原因為兒童糾紛 天內存檔並同時與對方交換。雙方均須 有關兒童指定預約，法官將作出必要指 調解程序並無獲授權以確保兒童的最佳 出席兒童糾紛調解，如兒童指定預約有 利益將以公開方式進行討論，兒童糾紛 示以進一步展開兒童糾紛調解。此等指 指示，則社會福利署人員及其他證人及 調解程序及法官判決均不存在斡旋的餘 示包括提交社會福利報告或其他專家報 專家亦須出席。法官擔任調解人，並可 地。 告、父母或第三方提交的有限責任宣誓 直接向雙方發問。雙方應盡全力達致協 書、就監護權及探視權作出最終決議或 法院將發出兒童指定預約通知（表格I及 議，且兒童糾紛調解可不時休會，以便 臨時裁、終止調解、協同行使或進一步 相當於金融糾紛調解當中的表格C），知 和解談判。與金融糾紛調解相同，倘於 協商；指示父母參加輔導或教養計劃並 會當事人兒童指定預約的日期，並將知 兒童糾紛調解未達致和解，則問題將循 就此提供進一步指導，包括（視情況而 會當事人須於兒童糾紛調解日期起十四 一般方式著手審訊。 定）釐定兒童糾紛調解或審訊日期。 天內向法院及向另一方提供載於表格J的 總結及下一個議題，兒童監察專員法案 兒童表格及簡明問題陳述。倘兒童指定 兒童指定預約亦是兒童表達意見看法的 新程序是香港家庭法院的一項實際試行 預約無法與金融糾紛調解程序中的首次 機會。法官可透過委任法定監護人的方 舉措，為就有關兒童案例的糾紛調解提 指定預約同時進行聽證，則須於兒童糾 式委任不同的兒童律師代表，此等兒童 供一種更為緩和的方法，備受歡迎。毫 紛調解前十四天編製及提交簡明年表及 律師代表可為法定代表律師或其他合適 無疑問，新程序符合兒童的最佳利益， 所尋求的指示及指令列表。 人士（如適用）。首席法官已於2012 以確保父母離異帶來的影響減至最低。 年7月就此等事項作出指導1以於法官及 將影響減至最小可通過多種方式達致。 兒童表格 家庭法執業者擔任不同的兒童律師代表 如兒童表格鼓勵父母多為孩子的當前及 時提供協助支持。此外，倘兒童提出與 表格J為兒童糾紛調解適用的表格，即 日後安排深思熟慮，並為他們準備令人 法官見面，或倘法官認為合適時，法官 兒童表格。與金融糾紛調解的表格E一 滿意的成果 — 父母雙方及孩子可於日後 可直接展開司法探訪。儘管過往法官也 致，當事人須於兒童指定預約前適當時 經歷最少不安及挫折的養育計劃。 可與兒童見面，惟仍存在阻礙法官與兒 間（執行程序十四天內）填妥表格後交 童接觸的情況，故此項指導實屬重大進 在法院以相對不拘謹的方式處理，可使 換及提交存檔，當事人須充分，坦誠及 展。我們無法否定的是，兒童亦有自己 父母雙方就孩子的未來利益彼此有更好 清晰地披露所有相關資料及情況並於事 的看法，亦想其他人聆聽自己的意見， 的溝通，而調解的氛圍則使雙方不再處 實陳述末頁簽名。 現時於兒童糾紛調解程序當中書面規定 於對立的「位置」（與傳統訴訟中的立 除披露年齡、姓名及性別等一般細節 須考慮兒童的意見和看法，保障兒童與 場不同）。經商討可行的選擇後，雙方 外，亦須載有兒童當前生活安排的詳細 法官坦誠交流的權利，法官將就兒童於 發現如果理解監護權及探視權此等深奧 資料，包括兒童的住宿和功課輔導的安 受控環境下的感受轉述予其父母，可謂 棘手的術語（通常無助和解），則可得 排、兒童接觸當事人的安排及與當事人 別具重大意義。 出符合孩子利益的解決方案。 及第三方聯繫的方式和時間，以至父母 香港為聯合國《兒童權利公約》的締約 通過縮短庭審時間（按此嚴格時間表有 工作期間兒童的活動及假期安排。詳細 城市2。第12條規定，兒童的直接或間接 望發生），涉及兒童的爭端將不再耗時 資料亦須披露兒童在校的情況，包括接 （無論本人親自或通過代表）的意見應 數月及數年，耗時越長會產生不確定因 送安排及放學後活動，以及兒童學校教 給予適當的看待。因此，根據本地法律 素且對兒童造成長遠傷害。聆聽孩子的 育當前情況及日後計劃。 及國際法賦予家事法庭的義務，新的程 意見最終在香港家庭法程序中佔得一席 最後，未來養育安排亦有指導當事人訂 序將為家事法庭提供更多機會傾聽兒童 之地，這將引領香港的下一次變革，即 定養育計劃，並鼓勵父母考慮他們不一 的意見。 人們期待已久並經多番討論的兒童監察 專員法案。香港當前已通過此新實務指

1. 日期為2012年7月23日的Guidance on Separate Representation for Children in Matrimonial 示確認兒童的權利，人們認為政府應有 and Family Proceedings 所承擔，以保障兒童有權發表意見，並 2. 終審法院首席法官最近已於2012年3月在日期為2012年3月28日的「Guidance on Meeting 協助執行該等權利。 Children」中就何時適合提供指引

www.hk-lawyer.org 49 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012 Bonuses – The dangers of oral announcements 花紅—口頭公佈的危險

IT is November and for some, the promise of bonus announcements looms large in the near future. Employers however, would for now do well to watch what they say, literally, to their employees about this – or risk paying the price, as demonstrated in the recent English High Court case of Attrill & Ors v Dresdner Kleinwort & Anr (2012) EWHC 1189 (QB). What had seemed like an innocuous announcement in this case cost the employer Dresdner Kleinwort Limited (“Dresdner”) US$66m (HK$511.74m) in additional bonus payments.

By gareth Thomas, Partner Herbert Smith Freehills Tara Grossman, Senior Associate Herbert Smith Freehills

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Background “The provisional bonus award stated Dresdner operated a discretionary bonus above is subject to review in the event that scheme that aimed to ensure that the additional material deviations in Dresd- bank retained maximum flexibility over ner Kleinwort’s revenue and earnings, as bonuses granted to individual employ- against the forecast for the months of ees. Each year the bonus pool would be November and December 2008, are iden- announced in November, with individual tified during preparation of the annual bonuses communicated in December and financial statements for 2008. paid in January. i.e. that Dresdner Kleinwort’s earnings In early 2008 negotiations started for the position does not deteriorate materially in sale of Dresdner from Allianz to Com- this period. This will be reviewed in Janu- merzbank. The resulting uncertainty over ary 2009 by Stefan Jentzsch. In the event the future of the bank led many Dresdner that such additional material deviations investment bankers to defect or consider are identified, the Company reserves the resigning. In order to stem the tide of right to review the provisional award and, departures and give reassurance to the if necessary, to reduce the provisional regulatory Financial Services Authority award……” (“FSA”), which had placed the bank on its Dr Jentzsch stated that it was very unlikely watch-list due to the risk of substantial that the bank would seek to rely on the employee defections, the Board of Dresd- clause. ner Bank AG approved the creation and Following completion of the sale, Stefan communication of a €400m (HK$3.99b) Jentzsch was replaced by a new CEO. bonus pool. On 18 February 2009, the new CEO sent Staff Meeting letters to all employees invoking the MAC clause and informing them that all bonus- At a meeting open to all Dresdner staff ei- es previously announced would be reduced ther in person or through a live video link, by 90%. After the 10% bonuses were paid, the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the 104 employees brought a claim against investment banking arm Stefan Jentzsch Dresdner for the remaining sum. announced a guaranteed minimum bonus REUTERS/Alex Grimm pool for 2008 (the “Announcement”). Did the Announcement amount A woman in a money-hat Following the collapse of Lehman Broth- to a Contractually-Binding during demonstrations in Frankfurt against ers in September 2008 and the ensuing Commitment? Commerzbank’s plans financial crisis, Commerzbank’s attitude The Court had to decide whether the to cut jobs and shrink to honouring this commitment changed, investment bank Dresdner Announcement amounted to a contractual in part due to concerns over likely public Kleinwort. The tall building commitment to a bonus pool of €400m, is the Commerzbank Tower. reaction to the payment of large bonuses with individual employees entitled to a when it had just had to accept substantial 一 名 婦 女 帶 著「金 錢 帽 子」在 法 discretionary share of that pool. 蘭克福抗議Commerzbank對投 funding from the German government. 資銀行Dresdner Kleinwort提出 Much of the argument centred on what 的 削 減 職 位 及 收 縮 計 劃。高 層 建 築為Commerzbank Tower。 MAC Clause was actually said by Dr Jentzsch at the On 19 December 2008 letters were sent staff meeting, as there was no formal to individual employees confirming their record of the meeting either on video or on provisional bonus awards. These were paper. The judge ruled that Dr Jentzsch subject to a material adverse change had promised a minimum bonus pool no (“MAC”) clause which stated: matter what happened later, to be allo

www.hk-lawyer.org 51 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

cated in the usual way, and that this had 1. an offer by the Bank; ensuring the stability of the bank. been agreed by the parent company. 2. acceptance by the employees; There was also clear intention to create The Court also looked at if the An- 3. consideration; a legally-binding obligation, given the nouncement amounted to a unilateral 4. intention to create legally binding use of the word “guaranteed” and the variation of the Bank’s bonus scheme obligations; and fact that it would not have otherwise achieved its intended effect of stabilis- and if the Announcement amounted to 5. sufficient certainty. a new contract. ing the workforce and assuaging the FSA’s concerns. The use In relation to a uni- As employers, the two key lessons here are that: of an announcement at lateral variation of a staff meeting did not contract, the Bank’s 1. oral announcements to staff regarding bonuses belie this contractual staff handbook stated need to be carefully scripted to avoid promising intent, given that it was that: employees more than they are entitled to; and chosen as the quickest “The Company and most effective way reserves the right to 2. managers need to be trained in making an- of communicating to vary the terms and nouncements to staff about bonuses and other all staff and in practice conditions described everyone knew of the in this handbook and employee benefits to avoid conveying casual Announcement within a the terms and condi- promises, while making sure they stay on mes- very short space of time tions of your employ- sage. after the meeting. The ment generally. Such fact that the amount changes can only of the pool was not These were satisfied, ruled the Court. be made by a member of the Human dependent on the number of employees The offer of a minimum bonus pool was Resources Department and must be at the time of distribution (and therefore sufficiently certain, notwithstanding that communicated to you in writing. When the entirety would be payable to one in- it was usual practice for a very small the change affects a group of employ- dividual if only one remained), and that percentage of bonus pools to be left un- ees, notification may be by display on it was payable irrespective of the banks’ allocated for contingencies. In relation notice boards or Company Intranet.” financial position at the end of the year, to acceptance, even though each indi- equally did not prevent the finding of The first part of this was satisfied as, fol- vidual employee did not communicate contractual intent – these were risks lowing the Announcement, the head of acceptance of the offer, it was held that the bank had chosen to take in order to Human Resources (“HR’) sent an email Dresdner had waived the requirement of achieve its aim of retaining staff. to all Dresdner personnel referring to communication of acceptance because, it. The second part was met with the one, no response was required from the Was the introduction of the posting of Frequently Asked Questions employees; and two, the nature of the MAC clause a breach of (“FAQs”) on the intranet that addressed promise was not one that needed to be contract? the Announcement. accepted (the Court compared such a The intention of the MAC clause was to The Court therefore found that the Bank promise to a pay rise that is communi- give the Bank the opportunity to renege had unilaterally varied the employees’ cated to a group of employees where on the contractual commitment it had contracts by making the Announce- no communication of acceptance is made (that there would be a minimum ment. needed). bonus pool of €400m) and thus the In the alternative, the Court examined With regard to consideration, the Court introduction of the MAC clause in the whether a new contract had been followed the modern approach of de- provisional bonus letters was a breach created by the Announcement. In order termining whether the promisor (i.e. the of contract. The Court also considered to do this, it needed to satisfy the classic Bank) received a practical benefit from that, even if there was no contractual elements for a contract: the promise, and ruled that it did, in obligation to pay the full award, the

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In summary, the introduc- Appeal tion of the MAC clause was Commerzbank have applied to the itself a breach of contract Court of Appeal for leave to appeal this and even if it had not been decision, with this application due to be one, Dresdner failed to heard between 15 August and 24 Octo- comply with the terms of ber 2012. It has stated that its decision the MAC clause. to reduce bonuses in the circumstances was justified and responsible, no doubt Conclusion buoyed by the general public mood The Court found for the against bankers’ bonuses. employees, and ordered that they were entitled It will be interesting to see whether the to the remainder of their Court of Appeal can be persuaded to individual awards as rule that the Commerzbank move was stated in the 19 December justified not just morally, but legally as 2008 bonus letters, which well. The detailed High Court judg- amounted to US$66m. ment and findings of fact, however, suggest that this may be an uphill The main takeaway from struggle. this case is that an oral promise relating to the Key points size of a bonus pool, rather • Verbal promise/announcement at than to an individual non-mandatory staff meeting can employee’s bonus com- be contractually binding municated on paper, will REUTERS/Kin Cheung not itself stop the prom- • Announcement of bonus pool can We know what you want for Christmas ise being contractually be contractually binding 我們知道你對聖誕的期待 binding. • Consider introducing language to staff handbook allowing for unilater- introduction of the MAC clause would Key observations al changes to terms of employment nevertheless have been, under the One reason why the Court found against to be made by HR only and in a circumstances, a breach of the duty of the Bank here appears driven by the specific way implied trust and confidence. evidence. • Be careful not to breach implied Finally, the bank had failed to operate First, Stefan Jentzsch appeared as the term of trust and confidence if uni- the MAC clause properly, as it had: main witness for the employees. The fact laterally varying contract that he had made the Announcement, 1. used the incorrect forecast for the • Training for managers may be and declared its intention to be legally bank to determine whether there had appropriate to raise awareness of binding, is likely to have played some been “additional material deviations” above points. They should avoid ca- part in the Court’s decision-making. in the bank’s profits; sual promises and stay on message Second, the Court criticised two of the 2. the review and reduction should • If need to make such promises, con- Bank’s witnesses for perceived failings: have been carried out by Dr Jentzsch sider language carefully and ensure one had witnessed the critical An- (whereas it had been carried out by conditions are attached (i.e. relating nouncement but failed to mention this the new CEO); and to number of employees in pool or fact in his witness statement, while the financial performance of company) 3. the review had been carried out in other, the head of HR, had omitted from • Draft bonus scheme carefully – en- February 2009 when it should have his witness statement the fact that he sure discretions are not fettered been carried out in January 2009. had authored a key document.

www.hk-lawyer.org 53 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

現在是十一月，對於一些人而言，公佈派發花紅是他們近期最期待的事。然而僱主應小心 他們就此對僱員說的話，不然有可能要付出代價，就如最近英國高等法院的案例(Attrill & Ors v Dresdner Kleinwort & Anr (2012) EWHC 1189 (QB)) 所示般。 該案內一項看似無關痛癢的公佈，令僱主Dresdner Kleinwort Limited (“Dresdner”) 須額外支 付6600萬美元（約5.1174億港元）的花紅。 雖然這是英國案例，但如果出現類似情況，此合約原則同樣適用於香港。

作者 唐明仕，合夥人 史密夫律師事務所 顧詩曼，高級律師 史密夫律師事務所

背景 MAC條款 的行政總裁發信給全體僱員，引用MAC Dresdner實施酌情性質的花紅計劃，目 他們於2008年12月19日發信給個別僱 條款通知他們，先前公佈的所有花紅將 的在確保銀行對個別僱員的花紅保留最 員，確認他們的臨時花紅。這些花紅受 削減90%。在10%花紅支付後，104名 大的彈性。每年11月會公佈花紅共享 重大不利改變(“MAC”)條款規限，該 僱員向Dresdner提出索償，追討餘款。 款，並會在12月通知個別僱員及在翌年1 條款說： 公佈是否構成有合約約束力的承 月支付。 “倘若在制定2008年的年度財務報表 諾？ 2008年初，Allianz開始與Commerzbank 期間發現，對比2008年11月和12月 法院須決定該公佈是否構成合約承諾， 協商出售Dresdner。銀行未來的前景 的預測，Dresdner Kleinwort的收益和 提供4億歐元的花紅共享款，讓個別僱員 不明朗令Dresdner很多投資銀行人員 收入有額外重大偏差時，上述臨時花 得到該共享款中按酌情決定的份額。 離開或考慮辭職。為阻止離職潮及給 紅獎勵須予檢討。 予監管機構金融服務管理局(Financial 大部分爭論的焦點在於Jentzsch博士 即Dresdner Kleinwort 的收入在這段期 Services Authority，下稱“FSA”)再保 在職員會議上實際說的話，因為會議 間沒有嚴重惡化。Stefan Jentzsch將 證，Dresdner Bank AG 批准設立和公佈 沒有正式的錄像或文件記錄。法官裁 於2009年1月對此作出檢討。倘若發 作出4億歐元(即39.9億港元)的花紅共享 定，Jentzsch博士曾承諾，無論日後發生 現有額外重大偏差，公司保留權利， 款。 什麼情況，均會有最低的花紅共享款， 檢討臨時獎勵及(如有必要)減少臨時 按照慣常的方式分派予僱員，而且這點 獎勵。” 職員會議 已得到母公司的首肯。 在一個公開讓職員親身或 僱主在此得到的兩項主要教訓是： 法院又考慮，如果該公佈構 通過視像連結出席的會議 成單方面更改銀行的花紅計 上，投資銀行業務的行政 1. 給僱員關於花紅的口頭公佈須小心用字， 劃，該公佈是否構成新的合 總裁Stefan Jentzsch(行政 約。 總裁”)公佈2008年的最 以免承諾給予僱員比他們應得的更多； 關於單方面更改合約，銀行 低花紅共享款(“公佈”) 2. 管理人員向職員公佈花紅及其他僱員福利 的職員手冊載明： 。 時須接受培訓，以免隨便作出承諾，並確 在雷曼兄弟於2008年9月 “公司保留權利，一般更改 倒閉和隨後的金融風暴發 保他們訊息一致。 本手冊內說明你受聘的條款 生之後，Commerzbank關 及條件。此等更改只可由 Jentzsch博士說銀行非常不可能尋求倚賴 於履行承諾的態度有所改變，部分原因 人力資源部的同事作出，且必須以書 此條條款。 是擔心公眾對於他們接受德國政府提供 面通知你。如更改影響一組僱員時， 的大額資金援助的同時支付大筆花紅的 銷售完成之後，Stefan Jentzsch 為新的 可以在告示板或公司的內聯網發出通 反應。 行政總裁所取代。2009年2月18日，新 知。”

54 www.hk-lawyer.org IHL Focus 企 業 律 師 焦 點

此條規定的上半部分獲得符合，因為在 餘一名僱員時，應全部支付給該僱員)， 其具法律約束力的這點事實，很可能在 公佈作出後，人力資源部(“人力資源 而且不論銀行於年底時的財政狀況如何 法院的決定內起了部分作用。 部”)主管曾發電郵予Dresdner全體人 仍須支付等事實，同樣不妨礙合約意願 第二，法院批評銀行的兩名證人理解力 員，提及該公佈。經於內聯網上張貼常 的裁定——這些都是銀行選擇承受的風 有問題：其中一人見證關鍵的公佈但沒 見問題(“常見問題”)，對該公佈作出說 險，以達到保留職員的目的。 有在其證人證詞內提及這點事實；而另 明後，下半部分也獲得符合。 一人即人力資源部的主管則在其證人證 引入MAC條款是否違反合約？ 法院因此認定，銀行通過作出該公佈， 詞內遺漏提述他擬定一分重要文件的這 單方面修改了僱員的合約。 MAC條款的原意是給予銀行機會，背棄 點事實。 其已作的合約承諾(4億歐元最低花紅共 代之，法院又審視了該公佈是否產生新 享款)，因此在臨時花紅信件內引入MAC 上訴 的合約。為此，新合約須符合以下的標 條款是違反合約的。法院同時考慮到 Commerzbank已向上訴庭申請許可，就 準條件： 即使沒有合約責任支付全數獎勵，引入 此項決定提出上訴，關於該申請的聆訊 1. 由銀行作出的要約； MAC條款在此情況下仍然違反隱含的信 將於2012年8月15日至10月24日期間 2. 僱員接受要約； 託和保密責任。 進行。據他們說關於減少花紅的決定在

3. 代價； 最後，銀行沒有適當操作MAC條款，因 本案情況下是有理由支持而且是負責任 的決定。毫無疑問，鑒於反對銀行人員 4. 產生有法律約束力責任的意向；及 為它： 獲派花紅的情緒，一般公眾也會支持他 1. 使用不正確的預測讓銀行決定其利潤 5. 足夠明確。 們。 法院判定以上條件得到滿足。儘管根 內是否有“額外重大偏差”； 上訴庭會否認同，Commerzbank的做法 據慣常的做法，花紅共享款中只有很 2. 檢討和扣減應由Jentzsch博士進行(現 不但道德上而且法律上也有理由支持， 少百分比會保留以應付突發事件，提 由新的行政總裁進行)；及 是人們關注之處。然而，詳盡的高等法 供最低花紅共享款的這項要約仍然足夠 3. 檢討於2009年2月進行，但其實應於 院裁決和事實裁斷均認為，這項工作非 清晰。關於接受，即使不是每名個別僱 2009年1月進行。 常艱巨。 員都將接受要約通知對方，法院仍裁 總而言之，引入MAC條款本身就是違 定，Dresdner已豁免將接受要約通知對 要點 方的這項要求，因為第一，僱員無須回 約，即使沒有違約，Dresdner也沒有符 • 非強制出席的職員會議上作出口頭 應；第二，承諾按性質無須得到接受(法 合MAC條款的條件。 承諾/公佈，可以具有合約約束力 院將該要約與增薪承諾相比較，後者的 結論 關於花紅共享款的公佈可以具有合 承諾會通知一批僱員，但無須他們通知 • 約約束力 接受)。 法院裁定僱員勝訴，並命令謂他們有權 取得在2008年12月19日花紅信件內說 • 考慮在職員手冊內引入條文，只容 至於代價，法院在決定承諾人(即銀行)從 明他們個別可得的獎勵的餘款，共計達 許人力資源部以特定方式單方面修 該承諾中有沒有收到實際利益時沿用了 6600萬美元。 改僱用條件 現代方式，並裁定有，就是確保銀行的 如果單方面變更合約，小心不要違 穩定。 本案的主要損害，在於口頭承諾花紅共 • 享款的數額(而不是口頭承諾已書面通知 反隱含的信託和保密條款 鑒於“擔保”一詞的使用，以及不然的 個別僱員的花紅數額)本身不會令承諾停 • 為管理人員提供培訓，可適當提高 話不會達到勞動力穩定及緩和FSA的關注 止具合約約束力。 他們對上述各點的認知。他們應避 等效力這點事實，可見有清楚的意願產 免隨便作出承諾，並應確保訊息一致 生具法律約束力的責任。鑒於選擇在職 主要觀察所得 如有需要作出承諾，應小心考慮用 員會議上作出公佈，是最快和最有效通 • 法院裁定銀行敗訴的其中一個原因看來 字，並且確保附有條件(即合資格僱 知全體職員的通訊方式(事實上每人都於 是證據使然。 員的數目或公司的財務表現等) 會後短時間內知悉公佈的內容)，使用這 種做法並不與此合約意願相左。共享款 第一，Stefan Jentzsch看來是僱員方面 • 小心起草花紅計劃——確保酌情權 金額不取決於分派時的僱員數目(因此只 的主要證人。他作出公佈並宣佈有意令 不受束縛

www.hk-lawyer.org 55 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Dealing with China’s card monopoly 中國電子支付服務市場

In a recent update, China has decided not to appeal a WTO Dispute Settlement Body decision dated 16 July 2012 ruling that China UnionPay (“CUP”) holds a monopoly on renminbi (“RMB”) payment cards. This was ruled to have violated WTO rules by making it mandatory that all RMB-denominated payment cards issued in China imprint the logo of CUP and work through the network belonging to CUP (the “WTO Ruling”).

By Jingzhou Tao, Managing Partner (Asia) Dechert LLP gregory Louvel, Asociate Dechert LLP Monica Wang, Asociate Dechert LLP

56 www.hk-lawyer.org On China 中 國 實 務

Is China really paving the way to ing with the number “4” with the Visa logo open up its e-payment services should not take the CUP clearing channel market? when operated outside mainland China. In September 2010, the United States filed a The whole dispute was particularly interest- request for consultations under the WTO Dis- ing because of the many angles covered: pute Settlement Body contending that CUP - from a legal perspective, whereas the was the only provider of electronic payment WTO Ruling has been presented widely as cards in China, and prevented other compa- a victory for foreign suppliers of electronic nies from entering the Chinese market, which payment services, China seems satisfied violated Article 16 and 17 of the WTO General with its content. The WTO Ruling gives Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). A clear guidance on several complex tech- complaint was lodged by the United States nical aspects (including dealing with the in February 2011, contending that China scope of services at issue and interconnec- breached the commitments it had made tion and clearing of money in China). when joining the WTO by offering CUP a mo- - from an economic perspective, it is gen- nopoly position for providing electronic pay- erally considered that China will overtake ment services in China. The complaint also the U.S. as the largest market for credit argued that certain Chinese requirements, cards by 2020, with about 900 million including that all payment cards issued in cards in circulation. CUP processed $2.36 China must work with the CUP network and trillion in credit and debit card purchases bear its logo, and all terminal equipment in last year, a 46 percent increase from 2010 China must be capable of accepting cards and because of China’s size, it is crucial for with the logo, are inconsistent with China’s foreign companies to access this market. national treatment obligations for foreign China’s decision not to appeal the WTO operators. Dealing with China’s Ruling was widely publicized and welcomed As was extensively elaborated in the WTO by the United States. China is committed Ruling, one of the major issues debated be- to gradually opening its electronic payment tween the parties is related to China’s specific card monopoly services market to competition. Organiza- commitments concerning the services at tions other than CUP can contemplate in the issue. The United States claimed that under future issuing payment cards in RMB and the heading “Banking and Other Financial eventually directly tap the local currency Services” of China’s GATS Schedule, Chi- market and customers. The present article na undertook market access and national REUTERS/Stringer China will discuss the legal and practical implica- treatment commitments with respect to tions of such decision and will try to assess The logo of the China subsector (d), which reads “[a]ll payment UnionPay as seen at a its impact for foreign suppliers of electronic and money transmission services, including bank in Taiyuan, Shanxi payment services. credit, charge and debit cards, travellers province. Foreign bank card suppliers looking to cheques and bankers draft (including import take on China UnionPay 1. What is the content of the WTO and export settlement)”. According to the in its home market will Ruling? United States, the said subsector (d) includes be battling a deeply Currently, international payment companies the electronic payment services supplied in entrenched incumbent with 2.5 billion cards in are able to issue dual-currency credit cards connection with “credit, charge and debit circulation worldwide. with CUP, while CUP is still the only domes- cards”, and other payment card transactions. 在山西太原市的銀聯信用咭 tic clearing system for domestic currency However, it was China’s view that the clearing 廣 告 牌。面 對 銀 聯 在 世界各地 transactions. In June 2010, Visa sent a letter and settlement services at issue fell under 擁有2.5億的信用咭流通量， 若想爭奪市場佔有率，外國的 to its member banks worldwide, requiring a subsector for which no commitments had 信用咭供應商必要面對一場 that any dual-currency credit cards start- been made in China’s GATS Schedule. 激 烈的 競爭。

www.hk-lawyer.org 57 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Given the above, the WTO Dispute domestic legislation, thus forming a Also, in a recent draft of the Administra- Settlement Body gave its interpretation parallel system. tive Measures for Bank Card Acquiring of the said subsector (d) and reached the Business issued by the PBOC in June 2012 2.2 Expected legal impact conclusion that “[a]ll payment and mon- for public discussion, PBOC proposed ey transmission services, clearing and Based on the above, it is expected that the settlement of funds between settlement services concerning transac- that relevant PRC laws will have to be different legal entities be conducted via tions under payment cards are properly amended to be in conformity with the lawful bank card settlement institutions classified under subsector (d)”. The WTO WTO Ruling. The process is likely to take duly approved by the PBOC. It remains Dispute Settlement Body determined a lot of effort. For the time being, the unclear at this stage how the PBOC will that CUP had a monopoly on certain interpretation of the WTO Ruling is still adjust its drafting to the WTO Ruling. types of RMB payment card transactions, discussed in China, and the main issue specifically, RMB payment cards issued is to determine to what extent CUP’s 3. The Reality: what Practical in Mainland China and used in Hong monopoly exists. The US claim on this impact of the WTO Ruling Kong or Macau; as well as those issued in point was rejected and this aspect is for international e-payment Hong Kong or Macau and used in Main- extremely controversial. Additionally, organizations? how a foreign bank-card issuer would land China. However, it rejected the US Even though the Chinese e-payment enter the market needs to be clarified. claim that China maintained CUP as an market will eventually open up to interna- China has established a stringent re- “across the board monopoly supplier” for tional e-payment organizations, several gime over banking and financial services processing all payment card transactions practical concerns may hamper the reality institutions. Foreign competitors may denominated in RMB. of the opening and impact business per- be allowed to enter the e-payment ser- spectives. General operational require- 2. What is the expected impact vices market if they apply and obtain a ments for foreign financial institutions of the WTO Ruling on PRC specific permit and the main regulatory to enter the Chinese market are seen as law? authority (i.e., the China Banking Reg- quite high. Thus foreign entities usually 2.1 Integration of international law/ ulatory Commission or CBRC) and/or need several years of business operations PRC domestic law the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) have in China and even consecutive years of yet to issue appropriate regulations for There is no unified legal stipulation under profitability prior to their application. Chinese laws on how to integrate inter- granting relevant permits. Furthermore, Additionally, costs for international national law into domestic law. Chinese under the Foreign Investment Industrial e-payment organizations to acquire or law is mostly silent concerning the rela- Guidance Catalogue, revised in 2011 and establish a new clearing system in China tionship between international law and which entered into force in early 2012, may be too high to make it attractive to domestic law. According to the generally bankcard services are likely to belong PRC domestic banks, whose bank card accepted doctrine, the question should to the restricted category and foreign service rates are much lower than those be dealt with in the following way: direct investment in such category is limited (approval procedures will be of the international market, and payment, 1) If there is a conflict between domestic more stringent). To bring the WTO Rul- clearing and settlement would still have laws and a treaty signed and ratified ing into reality, relevant provisions of the to be made through CUP’s interbank by China of a civil and commercial na- Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance transfer network. ture, such treaty will prevail and apply Catalogue will have to be revised. The If the WTO Ruling is good news for directly into the domestic legal system set-up of an application process for foreign enterprises that contemplate (save for due reservation made at the overseas bankcard issuers to obtain entering China’s e-payment market, it time of signing); permits allowing them to enter the remains to be seen how much impact the 2) For some treaties (concerning WTO Chinese market (not taking into account WTO Ruling will have on actual access to or human rights, for example), their the review process itself) is likely to take such market. The current political context provisions need to be transferred into some time. Difficult negotiations are in China, with a once in a decade change the domestic legal system; likely to take place between the CBRC of leadership about to occur, might just 3) Certain specific treaties will be and the Ministry of Commerce on the make reform take place at a slower pace directly applied along with specific scope of power of each entity. and at a higher cost.

58 www.hk-lawyer.org On China 中 國 實 務

REUTERS/Kim Kyung Hoon

據近期報道，中國已決定不就世界貿易組織（WTO）爭端解決 An advertisement board in the electronic shopping district of 機構針對中國銀聯（銀聯）的一項裁決進行上訴。該項裁決於 Akihabara, Tokyo features Chinese bank card Unionpay – a move aimed 2012年7月16日作出，認定在中國境內發行的所有以人民幣計 at attracting the Chinese shopper. 價的支付卡均必須標有銀聯標識並通過銀聯的清算系統進行結 銀聯信用卡廣告牌在東京電子購物區秋葉 算，這使銀聯在人民幣支付卡方面具有壟斷地位並違反WTO規 原 - 此舉旨在吸引中國的購物者。 則（WTO裁決）。

作者 陶景洲， 亞洲業務執行合夥人 德杰律師事務所 盧歌，律師 德杰律師事務所 王萌，律師 德杰律師事務所

中國電子支付服務市場是否即將 - 從經濟學角度講，一個普遍認為的觀 升競爭。銀聯之外的其他組織在未來能 開閘？ 點是到2020年，中國將趕超美國而 夠預期的是，在上述承諾實現後，他們 擁有全世界最大的信用卡市場，流通 將能夠發行以人民幣計價的支付卡並最 這起爭端由於涉及諸多方面，因此十分 終直接開發本地貨幣市場及顧客。本文 有趣： 的信用卡約達到9億張。去年，經銀 聯處理的信用卡及借記卡消費額達 將討論該決定的法律及現實後果，並試 - 從法律角度講，即使該WTO裁決被 到2.36萬億美元，比2010年增長了 圖估計其對外國電子支付服務提供商的 廣泛認為判定外國電子支付服務提 46%。考慮到中國之大，外國公司將 影響。 供商勝出，中國貌似亦對裁決內容滿 進入中國市場視為關鍵。 意。WTO裁決就許多雜的技術層面的 1. WTO裁決的內容是什麼？ 問題發出了明確的指引，包括界定了 中國未就WTO裁決進行上訴的決定被廣 目前，國際電子支付組織可以同銀聯合 涉案服務的範圍、互聯及中國境內資 泛公布並得到美國的歡迎。中國承諾將 作發行雙幣種信用卡，但銀聯仍然是國 金清算。 循序漸進開放其電子支付服務市場並提 內貨幣交易的唯一清算系統。2010年6

www.hk-lawyer.org 59 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

月，Visa向其全球會員銀行發函，要求 國內地使用的人民幣卡，銀聯處於壟斷 生效的《外商投資產業指導目錄》的規 任何標有銀聯標識的4字頭雙幣種信用卡 地位。但是，WTO爭端解決機構駁回了 定，銀行卡服務可能被認定是由銀行提 在中國內地以外使用時不得走銀聯的清 美方關於中國使銀聯成為進行所有以人 供的金融服務，從而歸為限制類，這意 算通道。2010年9月，美國向WTO爭端 民幣計價交易的支付卡“跨境壟斷提供 味著在該行業的外商直接投資受到限制 解決機構提起磋商請求，認為銀聯是中 商”的指控。 （即面臨更嚴格的審批程序）。為實現 國境內唯一的電子支付卡提供商，阻礙 WTO裁決，應當對上述目錄的相關規定 了其他提供商進入中國市場，因此違反 2. WTO規則對中國法律的預期 予以修改。設立相關申請程序允許境外 了WTO《服務貿易總協定》（GATS） 影響是什麼？ 銀行卡發行人獲得進入中國市場的許可 第16條和第17條。2011年2月，美國提 2.1 國際法/中國國內法的關係 （不考慮審查流程本身）可能需要一些 起申訴，認為中國給予銀聯在中國境內 就國際法如何在中國適用，中國法律缺 時間。銀監會與商務部之間可能會就各 提供電子支付服務的壟斷地位，因而違 乏統一的規定。中國法律總體上並沒有 自的權限展開艱難的談判。 反了其加入WTO時所作的承諾。請求中 規定國際法和國內法的關係是怎樣的。 此外，在人民銀行2012年6月公開徵求 還提到，中國的一些要求也不符合其應 根據獲普遍接受之原則，該問題應當以 意見的《銀行卡收單業務管理辦法（徵 承擔的給予外國公司國民待遇的義務， 如下方式解決： 求意見稿）》中，人民銀行提議由其批 這些要求包括在中國發行的所有支付卡 1) 如果中國簽訂或批准的國際條約中相 准的合法銀行卡結算機構來開展不同法 都必須使用銀聯的系統和標有銀聯標 關民事或商事條款的規定與國內法存 人實體之間的資金結算業務。從現階段 識，且所有位於中國的終端設備都必須 在不一致，則直接在國內法律體系內 看，人民銀行將會如何根據WTO的裁決 能夠接受標有銀聯標識的銀行卡。 適用該國際條約的規定（但中國在簽 來調整該意見稿尚不明朗。 正如WTO裁決中所廣泛論述的，雙方當 訂時聲明保留的條款除外）。 3. 現實：WTO裁決對國際電子 事國之間辯論的一個主要焦點是關於中 2) 某些條約（如關於WTO或人權等）的 支付組織的將會產生哪些實 國就涉案服務的具體承諾。美國認為在 條款需要轉化入本國法律體係。 際影響？ 中國《服務貿易具體承諾減讓表》的“ 銀行和其他金融服務”標題項下，中國 3) 某些特定條約可以與相關國內法同時 儘管中國電子支付市場的閘門終將對國 對第（d）子項“所有支付和匯劃服務， 適用，因此形成並行適用的體係。 際電子支付組織開啟，但尚存的幾點現 包括信用卡、簽賬卡和借記卡、旅行支 實考慮可能阻礙市場的開放並影響商業 2.2 預期將產生的法律影響 票和銀行匯票(包括進出口結算)”，保 前景。外國金融機構進入中國市場須滿 依據上文所述情況，可以預測中國的相 證履行市場准入和國民待遇承諾。美方 足較高的總體運行要求，也就是說，外 關法律將根據本次WTO裁決進行修訂， 認為第（d）子項包括所提供的與“信用 國機構通常需要在中國從事幾年經營活 且各方在修訂的過程中很可能需要付出 卡、簽賬卡和借記卡”以及其他支付卡 動，且在申請前連續盈利。 巨大的努力。眼下，中國國內仍對此次 交易相關的電子支付服務。然而，中方 此外，國際電子支付組織在華購買或建 WTO裁決進行熱議，主要問題在於明確 認為涉案的清算和結算服務屬於中國在 立新清算系統的成本過高，可能導致其 銀聯在多大程度上構成壟斷。美國關於 《服務貿易具體承諾減讓表》中未做承 服務很難吸引貨幣結算費用較國際市場 這一點的主張被駁回，這一方面的問題 諾的子項。 標准低廉很多的本地銀行。支付、清算 非常值得討論研究。此外，外國銀行卡 和結算可能仍須通過銀聯的銀行間轉賬 鑒於上述分歧，WTO爭端解決機構對第 發行人進入中國市場的方式仍須進一步 系統完成。 （d）子項作出解釋並得出結論：“與支 明確。中國現行制度對於銀行和金融服 付卡交易相關的所有支付和匯劃服務、 務機構嚴格執行准入制。外國競爭者如 如果此次WTO裁決對於計劃進入中國 清算和結算服務均可合理歸類到第（d） 希望進入中國電子支付市場，需要申請 電子支付市場的外國公司來說是利好消 子項下。”WTO爭端解決機構認定在 並獲得特定許可。但主要監管機構（中 息，那麼仍須觀望的是該裁決於進入 一些特定類型人民幣計價的支付卡交易 國銀行業監督管理委員會，即銀監會） 中國市場的實際渠道究竟有多大的影響 上，銀聯具有壟斷地位，具體來說，在 和/或中國人民銀行（人民銀行）尚未 力。在中國當前的政治環境（即正面臨 中國內地發行、在香港、澳門使用的人 頒布配套法規細化相關許可的授予。並 十年一次的領導換屆）之下，該項改革 民幣卡，以及在香港、澳門發行、在中 且，根據2011年修訂並且於2012年初 可能會相對緩慢且代價高昂。

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www.hk-lawyer.org 61 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Industry Insights 業 界 透 視

Employment 僱傭關係

Minimum Wage Rate Changes It has been widely reported that the Min- imum Wage Commission (the “Commis- Securities 證券 sion”) has recommended that the statutory 最低工資水平的調整 minimum wage be increased from HK$28 據傳媒廣泛報導，最低工資委員會 Board Diversity - Public per hour to HK$30 per hour. If the Chief ﹝「委員會」﹞建議把法定最低工 Executive in Council accepts the recom- 資水平從時薪港幣28元調高至港幣 Consultation by HKEx mendation then it is likely that the new 30元。倘若行政長官會同行政會 9 November 2012 is the deadline for minimum rate will be effective from May 議接納有關建議，則新的最低工資 comments on Hong Kong Exchang- 2013 - two years after the initial introduc- 水平很可能會於2013年5月開始生 es and Clearing Limited‘s (“HKEx”) tion of the minimum wage legislation. 效，即當初引入最低工資的法例後 Consultation Paper on Board Diversity. The HK$30 rate is a political compromise 兩年。 Amendments are proposed to Appendix between the rates demanded by union- 14 of the Rules Governing the Listing of 港幣30元這水平乃工會與雇主之間 ists (of HK$33-HK$35) and the employer Securities in Hong Kong. The aim is to 的政治妥協，工會要求港幣33至 35 demands of minimal or zero increase. promote more effective decision-mak- 元，而雇主則要求最小或零增長。 The fact that much of the debate of the ing, better governance and monitoring. 事實上，委員會大部分的辯論均公 Commission was made public is a cause In essence: 之於眾，究竟未來的檢討過程是否 of concern to the smooth operation of the 可順利進行實在值得我們關注。 - requiring a “diversity of perspectives” review process in the future. to be considered when reviewing - Mayer Brown JSM - 孖士打律師行 board membership;

62 www.hk-lawyer.org Industry Insights 業 界 透 視

﹣ the term “diversity” will not be de- Commercial 商業 fined by HKEx and is left intentionally broad; Consultation on ﹣ requiring a board diversity policy to Subsidiary Legislation be in place and available as part of the corporate governance report. for Implementation of Non-compliance to be explained; the new Companies ﹣ where a policy exists, measurable Ordinance – Phase One objectives for policy implementation The new Companies Ordinance (“CO”) and progress on those objectives to was gazetted on 10 August 2012 and be disclosed. is expected to take effect in 2014. For Comments in response to the Consul- Source: http://www.hkex.com.hk/eng/ the purpose of facilitating the imple- tation Paper should be submitted on or newsconsul/mktconsul/Documents/ mentation of the new CO, 12 pieces of before 9 November 2012. cp201209.pdf subsidiary legislation are required to be - Mayer Brown JSM legislated to provide for administrative, - Mayer Brown JSM. technical and procedural matters. 為推行新《公司條例》而 The Government intends to conduct 董事會成員多元化─香港 consultation on the 12 pieces of subsid- 制訂的附屬法例的公眾諮 交易所徵詢公眾意見 iary legislation in two phases. The first 詢─第一階段 phase commenced on 28 September 香港交易及結算所有限公司（「香港交 2012 where the Financial Services and 新《公司條例》於2012年8月10日刊 易所」）有關董事會成員多元化的諮 the Treasury Bureau and the Compa- 憲，並預期於2014年生效。為促進落實 詢文件的諮詢截止日期為2012年11月 nies Registry published the “Subsidiary 新《公司條例》，有十二條附屬法例需要 9號。諮詢文件建議修訂香港《上市規 Legislation for Implementation of the 進行立法以訂明行政、技術和程序上的事 則》的附錄14，其目的為推動有效的 new Companies Ordinance – Phase One 宜。政府打算為該12條附屬法例分兩個階 決策及更佳的管治和監察。修訂主要如 Consultation Document” (“Consultation 段進行諮詢。 Paper”) to consult the public on the 下： 第一階段於2012年9月28日展開，而財 following seven pieces of subsidiary - 於檢討董事會組成時，須從「多元化 經事務及庫務局和公司註冊處公佈了《為 legislation: 的觀點角度」作出考慮； 推行新《公司條例》而制訂的附屬法例– • Companies (Summary Financial 第一期諮詢文件》（「諮詢文件」），就 - 香港交易所不會界定何謂「多元化」 Reports) Regulation 下列七條附屬法例諮詢公眾： ，並擬取「多元化」的廣義； • Companies (Directors’ Report) - 公司（財務摘要報告）規例 須制定有關董事會成員多元化的政策， Regulation 並且在企業管治報告內披露有關政 - 公司（董事報告）規例 • Companies (Specification of 策。須對任何的不遵守作出解釋； - 公司（指明名稱)令 Names) Order - 有關政策應載有其為執行政策而訂定 - 公司（非香港公司）規例 • Companies (Non-Hong Kong Com- 的任何可量度目標，以及達成目標的 - 公司紀錄（查閱及提供文本）規例 panies) Regulation 進展。 - 公司（章程細則範本）公告 • Company Records (Inspection and 來源：http://www.hkex.com.hk/eng/ Provision of Copies) Regulation - 公司（會計準則（訂明團體））規例 newsconsul/mktconsul/Documents/ 就諮詢文件所提出的意見需於2012年11 cp201209.pdf . • Companies (Model Articles) Notice 月9日或之前提交。 • Companies (Accounting Standards - 孖士打律師行 (Prescribed Body)) Regulation - 孖士打律師行

www.hk-lawyer.org 63 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Construction 建設

Buildings Energy Efficiency Ordinance Now in Effect The Buildings Energy Efficiency Ordinance (Cap. 610) (“BEEO”) came into effect on 21 September 2012. The objective of the BEEO is to promote the enhancement of energy efficiency in Hong Kong’s buildings.

The BEEO has implemented a num- REUTERS/Handout ber of requirements, a contravention of which may be subject to a fine and An example of an energy efficient development: the Greenbridge project in North Carolina, United States, which uses half the energy of a traditional building. may even result in imprisonment. The 高效節能發展的其中一個例子：在美國北卡羅萊納州一個Greenbridge項目，它採用一個傳統的建築的一半 requirements include: 能 源。 • The developer of a prescribed new building must ensure the Building sirable or impracticable to comply with 效益實務守則》（簡稱「守則」）指 Services Installations (“BSI”) – the requirements. 明的最低能源效益規定； namely the electrical, air-condition- Reference • 如在現有訂明的建築物進行涉及安裝 ing, lighting and lift and escalator 1. http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/gener- 或更換裝備裝置的工程，則擁有人或 installations – meet the minimum al/201209/21/P201209210227.htm 負責人須確保有關裝備裝置符合守 energy efficiency requirements 則； specified in the Code of Practice 2. http://www.beeo.emsd.gov.hk/en/ for Energy Efficiency of Building mibec_beeo.html • 商業建築物的擁有人須每十年對建 築物的中央裝備裝置進行一次能源審 Services Installation (“CoP”); 3. Building Energy Efficiency Ordinance 核。有關擁有人須在該建築物的主要 • If specified works involving the (Cap. 610) . 入口展示能源審核表格的文本。 installation or replacement of BSI in - Mayer Brown JSM an existing prescribed building are 有關人士可向機電工程署申請豁免上述 carried out, the owner/responsible 的規定。如﹝因保存文物、技術或操作 person must ensure the BSI comply 《建築物能源效益條例》 上的理由﹞有關規定屬不可取或並非切 with the CoP; 現已生效 實可行，則可能會授予豁免。 • The owner of a commercial building 參考： 香港法例第610章《建築物能源效益條 must carry out an energy audit every 1. http://www.info.gov.hk/ 10 years in respect of central BSI of 例》﹝「能源效益條例」﹞已於 2012 gia/general/201209/21/ the building. The owner must exhib- 年 9 月 21 日 起生效。能源效益條例 it a copy of the Energy Audit Form at 的目的為推廣提升香港建築物的能源效 P201209210227.htm the main entrance of the building. 益。能源效益條例實施了多項規定，違 2. http://www.beeo.emsd.gov.hk/en/ 反有關規定可能會被處以罰款及甚至可 The above requirements may be mibec_beeo.html 能導致監禁。有關規定包括： exempted upon application to the Elec- 3. 香港法例第610章《建築物能源效益 trical and Mechanical Services Depart- • 條例訂明的新建築物的發展商須確保 條例》 ment. An exemption may be granted 屋宇裝備裝置﹝「裝備裝置」﹞，即 (for heritage conservation, technical or 電力、空調、照明、升降機及自動梯 - 孖士打律師行 operational reasons), where it is unde- 的裝置，均符合《屋宇裝備裝置能源

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M&A 並購 in the VAT Business, there is speculation 公開對VIE模式提出異議。鑒於本次反壟 that another reason for the conditional 斷審查中做出的附條件批準，商務部及 MOFCOM’s ruling casts approval was that MOFCOM wanted to 其他部門可能通過這種方式間接表達對 discourage VIE structures. 於VIE模式的反對態度。 doubt on VIE structures In the past MOFCOM and other PRC - 美國艾金.崗波律師事務所 On 13 August , 2012, the PRC Minis- governmental authorities avoided try of Commerce (“MOFCOM”) gave openly challenging VIE structures. Given conditional clearance for Wal-Mart’s the latest conditional clearance for an- acquisition of Niuhai Information Tech- ti-monopoly review, MOFCOM and other nology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“Niuhai PRC governmental authorities may be Project Finance/Energy Shanghai”). Niuhai Shanghai operates using ways to indirectly challenge VIE the Yihaodian business, being one of structures. 項目融資/能源 the largest online retailers in China. The Yihaodian business covered online di- - Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP Chinese-Owned Ralls rect sales and value added telecommu- Corp. names President nications services in the form of a B2C 商務部裁定引發對於VIE Obama as a defendant online market place (“VAT Business”). 模式的疑慮 Based on publicly available information, for his decision to block it appears that Niuhai Shanghai exerts 2012年8月13日，中國商務部附條件批 Oregon wind-farm control over the VAT Business using a 準沃爾瑪收購紐海信息技術（上海）有 project variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, 限公司（“紐海上海”）。紐海上海旗 On 1 October, 2012, Ralls Corp., a Dela- whereby a wholly-foreign owned enter- 下的實益多一號店是中國最大的一家網 ware-based wind energy company, add- prise controls the operation of a Chinese 上零售商。一號店的業務包括通過B2C ed President Obama as an additional domestic enterprise through various 網上商場經營網絡直銷和電信增值服務 defendant to a lawsuit originally filed on contractual arrangements. VIE struc- （“VAT業務”）。根據公開信息，紐 September 12, 2012 challenging a de- tures are commonly used for foreign 海上海對其電信增值業務行使控制采取 cision by the Committee on Foreign In- investors to participate in highly regu- 的是可變利益實體（VIE）模式，即外 vestment in the United States (“CFIUS”) lated sectors in the PRC where foreign 商獨資企業通過各種合同安排來控制中 to block its Oregon wind-farm project. investment is restricted or prohibited. 國國內企業的經營。外國投資人通常會 CFIUS is an inter-agency committee au- The VAT Business involves activities in 采取VIE模式進入中國那些監管程度較 thorized by the Exon-Florio amendment value added telecommunications ser- 高的、外國投資受到限制或禁止的行業 to the Defense Production Act to review vices, an industry where foreign invest- 領域。VAT業務涉及電信增值業務，在 transactions that could result in control ment is restricted. In giving conditional 這一領域的外國投資受到嚴格限制。在 of an American business by a foreign clearance to Wal-Mart, MOFCOM only 對沃爾瑪做出的附條件批準中，商務部 person in order to determine the effect permitted Wal-Mart to acquire Yihao- 僅批準沃爾瑪收購一號店的網上直銷業 of such a transaction on the national dian’s online direct sales business and 務，不包括一號店的VAT業務，同時明 security of the United States. not Yihaodian’s VAT Business, expressly 確禁止沃爾瑪直接通過紐海上海或間接 On 28 September, 2012, upon the prohibiting Wal-Mart from operating 通過VIE模式經營VAT業務。盡管商務 recommendation of CFIUS, President the VAT Business directly through 部在其做出的附條件批準是以“杠桿理 Obama formally ordered Ralls Corp. to Niuhai Shanghai or indirectly through 論”為理由，即沃爾瑪會調動自身在零 remove all property and installations a VIE structure. While MOFCOM used 售業務方面的優勢和一號店在VAT業務 from the wind-farm sites and divest all the “leverage theory” to support its of its interests in the wind-farm project conditional clearance, i.e., Wal-Mart 方面的優勢，不利於VAT業務領域的競 within 90 days. This presidential order could leverage its strength in its retail 爭，但人們疑慮，其中的另一個理由是 was the first time in 22 years that a stores and Yihaodian’s strength in the 商務部想借此表示不鼓勵采取VIE模式。 president has blocked a transaction on VAT Business to eliminate competition 過去，商務部以及其他政府部門均避免

www.hk-lawyer.org 65 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

national security grounds. CFIUS cited the location of the wind farm project, near the Naval Weapons Systems Training Facility used by the Navy to conduct training and combat maneu- vers, as the reason for its actions. Ralls Corp. is owned by two executives of China’s Sany Group Co., China’s biggest machinery maker. Earlier this year, Ralls Corp. acquired four Oregon companies with wind-farm assets and development rights and closed the transaction without first submitting a voluntary notice to CFIUS. CFIUS exer- cised its statutory authority to conduct a review when it subsequently learned of the transaction. Ralls Corp.’s lawsuit brought in the U.S. District Court for the District of Colum- bia represents a rare legal challenge 些時候，羅爾斯公司收購了擁有風電資 to the authority of CFIUS. One of Ralls 三一重工將美國總統奧巴 產和開發權益的四家俄勒岡州企業，並 Corp.’s arguments is that CFIUS and 馬推上被告席 且在未向CFIUS進行主動申報的情況下達 President Obama have unconstitution- 成了交易。CFIUS在得知該項交易之後， ally deprived the company of its prop- 2012年10月1日，位於美國特拉華州的 依據其法定權限對交易進行審查。羅爾 erty without due process. In addition, 風能企業羅爾斯公司將美國總統奧巴馬 斯公司在哥倫比亞特區的美國聯邦地區 according to Ralls Corp.’s amended 列入該公司最初於2012年9月12日提起 法院提出的訴訟，是針對CFIUS權限所提 complaint, numerous other wind farms 的訴訟案被告名單，該案是針對美國外 出的非常罕見的法律挑戰。羅爾斯公司 with foreign ownership are located in or 國投資委員會（“CFIUS”）作出的關於 提出的一個理由是，CFIUS和奧巴馬總統 near the Navy’s restricted military area 禁止該公司在俄勒岡州建設風力發電場 未經正當程序剝奪該公司的資產，此舉 and the Chinese-owned Ralls Corp. has 項目而提出的。CFIUS是根據《軍工生產 是違憲的。此外，根據羅爾斯公司提出 been unfairly targeted. 法》“埃克森-佛羅裏奧修正案”由多個 部門組成的聯委會，負責對可能導致外 的補充訴狀，已經有許多其他外國投資 The statutory grounds for reviewing 國人對美國企業擁有控制權的相關交易 的風電項目在那個地區運作，因此單單 CFIUS decisions and the judicial branch 進行審查，以評估此類交易對美國國家 以中國投資的羅爾斯公司為目標是不公 historically has given great deference 安全造成的影響。2012年9月28日，根 平的。傳統上，在對CFIUS決定以及司法 to the executive branch on issues of 據CFIUS的建議，美國總統奧巴門正式下 部門的法定審核權限方面，給予行政部 national security and foreign policy. 令要求羅爾斯公司在90天內撤走風電場 門在涉及國家安全和外交政策的問題上 Whatever the outcome, the Ralls Corp. 內的所有設備和設施，並撤出在該風電 非常大的發言權。無論結果如何，羅爾 case will be groundbreaking. Parties 場項目內的所有投資。這也是22年來美 斯公司的訴訟案都是史無前例的。涉及 to foreign transactions should pay 國總統首次以國家安全為由否決一項商 外國投資的交易各方都有必要關註該案 attention to how the case unfolds and 業交易。CFIUS提出的理由是，該風電場 的進展，同時也要充分了解在沒有獲得 understand the significant risks of com- 項目靠近美國海軍一處進行訓練和演習 CFIUS批準的情況下達成交易所蘊含的重 pleting a transaction without CFIUS 的武器測試基地。 大風險。。 approval. 羅爾斯公司是由中國最大的機械制造企 - 美國艾金.崗波律師事務所 - Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP 業三一重工的兩名高管建立的。今年早

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Funds 基金

China’s 12th five-year plan for financial industry development and reform On September 17, 2012, China issued its “12th Five-Year Plan for the Devel- opment and Reform of the Financial Industry” (the “Plan”) which laid out the blueprint of further financial reform in REUTERS/Yusuf Ahmad the country. The Plan will further en- hance the development of the financial A miner in Indonesia’s Central Sulawesi province industry by introducing more changes to 在印尼中蘇拉威西省的一位礦工 regulate and develop the market focus- ing on increasing convertibility of RMB, the popularity of the Indonesian mining Mining Law development of asset management industry among Hong Kong investors, it business, promotion of financial holding Implementation remains unclear whether this new dives- companies, opening up of the domes- Regulations Require ture requirement will curb the appetite tic financial market and relaxation of of Hong Kong investors. Increased Foreign regulations. Divestment - Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP In particular, the Plan encourages the The Indonesian government has development of the asset management released implementing regulations for 礦產法實施條例要求進一 industry and expansion of the group of the Indonesian mining law adopted 步降低外資持股比例 institutional investors. It encourages in 2009 which markedly increase the securities companies and asset man- requirement for foreign divestment of 印度尼西亞政府最近頒布了2009年礦產 agement companies to continuously Indonesian mining companies. The 法的實施條例，進一步要求外資降低持 expand their assets management busi- implementing regulations require for- 有印尼礦產企業股份比例。根據實施條 ness and envisages the participation of eign shareholders of Indonesian mining 例的要求，持有采礦許可證的印尼礦產 mid to long term funds including social companies that hold a mining license 企業的外國股東應當自投入商業生產的 security funds and corporate pension to divest shares in stages each year 第6年開始，分階段降低其持股比例，在 funds in the capital market. beginning on the sixth year after the 投入商業生產第10年出售的股權至少應 It also hopes to stimulate growth of commencement of commercial produc- 當達到51%。實施條例規定，股權出售 the private equity funds industry in a tion with a divestiture requirement of at 需以要約的形式並應當優先提供給中央 steady and regulated way. It is also least 51% by the tenth year after com- 政府。盡管印尼目前的外商投資增速迅 reassuring that the Plan re-emphasized mencement of commercial operation. 猛，而且香港投資人對印尼礦產行業表 the importance of developing closer The implementing regulations require 現出極大的興趣，但這一降低外國股權 economic cooperation between Hong a tender to be made for the divestment 比例的要求是否會遏制香港投資人的投 Kong and Shanghai as financial centers with shares offered first to the central 資熱情，目前尚有待觀察。 in the region. government. Even with Indonesia’s ro- bust increase in foreign investment and - 美國艾金.崗波律師事務所 - Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP

www.hk-lawyer.org 67 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

中國推出金融業發展和改 革十二五規劃

2012年9月17日，中國發布了“金融業 發展和改革十二五規劃”（“規劃”） ，為中國今後進一步推進金融業改革制 訂了藍圖。規劃提出的推動金融業發展 的舉措包括，在市場監管和市場培育方 面進行更多改革，提高人民幣的可兌換 性，大力發展資產管理機構，促進金融 控股公司建設，開放國內金融市場並放 寬監管。特別是，規劃鼓勵發展資產管 理行業並壯大多元化機構投資者隊伍。 規劃鼓勵證券公司、基金管理公司等金 融機構不斷擴大資產管理業務，繼續推 then be initiated by the complainant 達成的共識應以「調解紀錄」記錄並簽 動社會保障基金、企業年金等中長期資 serving the respondent(s) with a Media- 署作實。有鑑於PD 31，顯然司法機構已 金參與資本市場。規劃還提出促進私募 tion Notice who must, upon receipt, file 頒布調解，及使用調解服務的訴訟人把 基金行業穩健規範發展。規劃再次強調 and serve a Mediation Response within 調解帶到了最前沿，成為香港解決爭議 上海和香港這兩大金融中心建立更加緊 14 days. Any agreement between the 的其中一個方法。 密合作關系的重要性。 parties shall be signed and recorded in - 寶德楊律師行 - 美國艾金.崗波律師事務所 the Mediation Minutes. In light of PD 31, it is clear that the judiciary has promul- gated Mediation and mediation services to litigants brought it to the forefront as Trust 信託 Litigation & Dispute one of the methods of dispute resolu- Resolution 訴訟及爭議調解 tion in Hong Kong. Consultation on Hong - Boughton Peterson Yang Anderson Judicial Promotion Kong’s Trust Law and Enforcement of Reform Proposals 香港從司法方面對調解所 Mediation in Hong Kong Hong Kong continues its efforts to 作之推廣和執行 update its regime regulating financial Practice Direction 31 (“PD 31”) has suc- services. A long overdue target for re- cessfully imported alternative dispute 實務指示第31條﹝「PD 31」﹞已成 vamp is Hong Kong’s Trustee Ordinance resolution, and notably mediation, as a 功引進替代性爭議解決機制，尤其是調 (“TO”) which is based on the English permanent feature of Hong Kong’s civil 解，成為香港民事訴訟程序中的永久特 Trustee Act of 1925. After a series of procedure. Under PD 31, the court is 色。根據PD 31，現在法院必須鼓勵爭 public consultations, the Government now obliged to encourage the parties to 議各方使用調解，並在適當情況下促進 proposed in March 2012 the following use and facilitate the adoption of medi- 採用調解。PD 31的第二部分訂定由律師 amendments to the TO: ation where appropriate. Part II of PD 31 代表之訴訟人的執行程序。此部份要求 stipulates the enforcement procedure 由律師代表之訴訟人同時把「調解證明 1. a statutory standard of care imposing for legally represented litigants. It re- 書」及「設定時間表的問卷」存檔，並 a higher standard on professional quires represented litigants to simulta- 表明他們是否有意嘗試進行調解。當原 trustees by taking their experience neously file a Mediation Certificate and 訴人把「調解證明書」送達予答辯人， into account; Timetabling Questionnaire and indicate 調解程序隨即展開；而答辯人於收到「 2. a general rule that professional whether or not they intend to attempt 調解證明書」後，必須在14天內把「調 trustees are entitled to reasonable mediation. The mediation process will 解回覆書」存檔及送達予原訴人。各方 remuneration;

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3. a rule that the terms of a trust may 2. 訂明專業受託人有權收取酬金的通 not (i) relieve a remunerated trustee 例； from liability for fraudulent breach of 3. 訂明信託的條款不可(i) 解除收取酬金 trust, wilful misconduct or reckless 的受託人因欺詐性的違反信託、故意 act/ omission, or (ii) indemnify the 作出的不當行為或罔顧後果的作為/ trustee for the liability in those cir- 疏漏而所須承擔的法律責任，或(ii)在 cumstances; 該等情況下向受託人提供任何彌償； 4. a provision stipulating that a trust is 4. 訂立條文述明任何信託不會僅因財產 not invalid only because the settlor 授予人保留投資或資產管理權力而無 reserves investment or asset man- 效； agement powers; 5. 在修訂條例草案生效當日或之後生效 5. abolishing the rules against perpetu- 的信託文書，不受反財產恆繼和反收 ity and against excessive accumula- 益過度累積兩項規則限制﹝慈善信託 tion of income (except for charitable 除外﹞； trusts) for trust instruments taking 6. 訂立條文保護香港法例的信託不受外 effect on or after commencement of 地強制繼承權規則影響；及 the amendment bill; 7. 提高受託人的委託權力，但須負上監 6. provisions protecting Hong Kong 督獲轉授人的責任。 Ki [1996] 2 HKLR 401, such that there is law trusts from claims under foreign sufficient evidence to test whether the 政府的目標是在今年年底公佈草案，並 forced heirship rules; and Cookson v Knowles rate of 4.5% should 在2013年第一季度提交由律政司草擬的 be modified.” 7. improving trustee’s powers of delega- 修訂草案。如果一切順利的話，新的法 tion with obligations for oversight of 例將在明年夏天立法會休會前生效。 As a result, Bharwaney J directed that the delegatee. the following be tried as a preliminary The Government aims at publishing the - 寶德楊律師行 issue on 6 and 7 November 2012: draft bill late this year and introducing Whether, having regard to economic the amendment bill drafted by the developments from 1995 up to the Department of Justice in Q1 2013. If all Insurance 保險 present time, the Cookson v Knowles as- goes smoothly, the new law will be in sumption of a net rate of return of 4.5% force before LegCo breaks for summer remains valid in Hong Kong and, if not, next year. . Conventional Multipliers what the net rate of return based upon - Boughton Peterson Yang Anderson still applicable? which multipliers ought to be assessed and awarded is. Following a two-day hearing before Mr 香港信託法改革建議的諮 Justice Bharwaney on 17 and 18 Septem- Leave was given to the parties to ber 2012, and after hearing arguments adduce expert evidence on the interpre- 詢 from parties’ leading counsel, Michael tation of historical data of the invest- Ozorio SC for the Plaintiffs and Kumar ment returns, net of inflation, of various 香港不斷致力革新其金融服務的監管制 Ramanathan SC for the Defendants, in investment vehicles from 1995 to date. 度。而以英國《1925年受託人法》為依 three personal injury claims, Bharwaney The underlying application was prompt- 據的香港《受託人條例》屬當中期待已 J ruled that: ed by the decision in Simon v Helmot 久的改革目標之一。經過一系列的公眾 “I am persuaded that sufficient evidence handed down in Guernsey, which ques- 諮詢，政府於2012年3月就《受託人條 has been adduced before me to demon- tioned the discount rate to be applied to 例》提出以下修訂： strate that there has been a substantial awards in personal injuries claims, given 1. 訂明法定謹慎責任，考慮到專業受託 change in the economic landscape since the current rate of return on index linked 人的經驗而向其委以較高的標準； the Court of Appeal decision of Chan Pui gilts and the difference between earn

www.hk-lawyer.org 69 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

ings inflation and price inflation. The Offshore 離岸 consents to such communication. decision in Guernsey led to a significant Shareholders may now seek a statu- increase in the damages awarded and Changes in BVI law tory compliance order against a BVI the decision to allow expert evidence company and its directors for any The BVI Business Companies (Amend- on the interpretation of historical data historical conduct that has breached ment) Act, 2012, (the “Amendment could pave the way for a similar decision the memorandum and articles of Act”) and the BVI Business Compa- in Hong Kong. association or the Act. nies Regulations, 2012 (the “Regula- - Deacons • Company Names tions”) came into effect on 15 October 2012. The Amendment Act and the The Registrar of Corporate Affairs is 傳統乘數仍然適用嗎? Regulations, which introduce various permitted to re-use names previ- improvements and refinements to the ously used by companies that have 三宗人身傷害索償在2012年9月17及18 BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (the changed their name, been struck 日一連兩天由包華禮法官審理，於聽取 “Act”), further enhance the flexibility off or dissolved or which have been 雙方首席大律師﹝歐文豪資深大律師代 and attractiveness of BVI companies. discontinued from the BVI. Detailed 表原告人及林孟達資深大律師代表被告 The major changes implemented are set new rules allowing BVI companies 人﹞所作的論點後，包華禮法官裁定： out below: to have a second foreign character name have been introduced. 「我相信足夠的證據已援引到本席前， • Asset and Share Security • Listed Companies and Funds 證明經濟環境自1996年上訴法庭對Chan In respect of security interests over Pui Ki [1996] 2 HKLR 401 一案的判決 the assets of a BVI company which New regulations have been adopted 以來，已有相當大的轉變，而現已有足 are publicly filed with the Registrar for the purpose of modifying the ap- 夠的證據去測試究竟Cookson v Knowles of Corporate Affairs, the Amend- plicability of certain provisions of the Act to listed companies and funds. 的比率是否應作修改。」 ment Act introduces a new provision deeming third parties to have notice • Voluntary Liquidations 因此，包華禮法官指示下列事項應作為 of such security interests. A number of new rules has been 初步爭論點於2012年11月6及7日審理： • Written Board Resolutions and introduced in relation to voluntary 在考慮到從1995年直至現時的經濟發 Alternate Directors liquidations of BVI companies, includ- 展，究竟Cookson v Knowles裁定的4.5 Written resolutions of the directors ing clarificatory rules confirming that ％淨回報率假設是否仍然適用於香港， of a BVI company may be adopted by a BVI company can only be liquidated 及如果不再適用的話，我們應該依據怎 such majority of directors as is speci- on a voluntary basis if (a) it has no 樣的淨回報率以評估並頒發乘數。 fied in the memorandum and articles liabilities; or (b) it is able to pay its 法庭給予各方許可援引專家證據，對從 of association. Alternate directors are debts as they fall due and the value 1995年至今各種投資工具於扣除通脹後 now permitted to sign written reso- of its assets equals or exceeds its liabilities. New procedures have been 所得的投資回報之歷史數據作出詮釋。 lutions in place of their appointing directors. introduced for the appointment of 有關的基礎應用乃由在格恩西對Simon v joint liquidators, to remove voluntary • Shareholder Meetings, Electronic Helmot一案的裁決所引起─該裁決鑑於 liquidators and to permit creditors Notices and Additional Shareholder 指數掛鉤債券以及收入通脹和物價通脹 to petition for the appointment of an Protections 之間的差異，而對適用於人身傷害索償 insolvency practitioner if the relevant The memorandum and articles of 的折扣率提出質疑。格恩西的裁決導致 company is in fact insolvent. association are permitted to contain a 所判給的損害賠償顯著增加，而且允許 • Strike-Off higher majority to waive short notice 就歷史數據的詮釋提出專家證據的決定 (including 100% of shareholders). Where a BVI company has been 可能會為香港類似的決定鋪路。 There is also a new provision en- struck-off, it will now be automatical- ly dissolved after seven years. - 的近律師行 abling notices to shareholders to be delivered electronically if the member - Conyers Dill & Pearman

70 www.hk-lawyer.org Industry Insights 業 界 透 視

英屬維爾京群島法律變化 的多數董事通過。現允許替補董事代 • 上市公司和基金 替委任他們的董事簽署書面決議。 實施新規定旨在修訂《公司法》中某 《2012 BVI商業公司法（修訂案）》（ 股東會議，電子通知和新增股東保護 些條款對上市公司和基金的適用性。 下稱“修訂案”）和《2012 BVI商業公 《修訂案》將明確允許章程大綱與細 • 自願清盤 司規定》（下稱“法規”）2012年10月 則設置一個更高的百分比以豁免臨時 15日起在英屬維爾京群島（下稱“BVI” 有關自願清盤BVI公司設立了一系列 通知（包括100%的股東）。另有新 ）生效。修訂案和法規對《2004 BVI商 新規則，包括確認BVI公司僅在(a) 沒 條款允許通過電子途徑送達股東通知 業公司法》（下稱“公司法”）作出了 有負債；或(b)在債務到期時可全額 只要股東同意上述溝通方式。 許多改進和完善，使BVI公司更具靈活 支付且其資產等於或超過其負債時方 股東可就違反章程大綱與細則及《公 性和吸引力。新施行的主要修訂如下所 可基於自願清盤而進行清盤。已就聘 司法》的任何過往行為尋求針對BVI 述： 任聯合清盤人，解任自願清盤人及允 公司和其董事的法定合規判令。 許債權人在相關公司事實上資不抵債 • 資產和股份擔保 • 公司名稱 時呈請聘任破產執行人設立了新的程 就BVI公司資產上設置的擔保權益（ 允許公司事務註冊處重新使用已經變 序。 向BVI公司事務註冊處公開進行了呈 更了名稱，註銷或解散或已經從BVI • 註銷 報），《修訂案》引入新條款規定視 終止的公司之名稱。《法規》亦已 若BVI公司已經註銷，現經過七年將 第三方知曉該擔保權益。 經設立具體的新規則，允許BVI公司 自動解散 • 書面董事決議於替補董事 擁有以外國文字書寫的第二個公司名 《修訂案》確認BVI公司的董事書面 稱。 - 康德明律師事務所 決議可由章程大綱與細則中具體說明

www.hk-lawyer.org 71 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012 caseS in Brief 案 例 撮 要

normally order costs on an indemnity 裁決 — 下令按彌償基準評定有關訟費： basis. In exercising its discretion as to 在缺乏特殊情況下，假如訴訟方尋求撤 costs under O.62 r.5(1) of the Rules of the High Court (Cap.4A, Sub.Leg.), 銷或阻止強制執行仲裁裁決但不成功， ARBITRATION 仲裁 the court had to take into account the 則法院通常會下令該方支付按彌償基準 Civil Justice Reform and its underlying 計算的訟費。法庭在根據《高等法院規 Arbitral award — unsuccessful objectives, namely that indemnity costs 則》(第4章，附屬法例A)第62號命令第 challenge before courts —costs could be awarded “to ensure fairness 5(1)條規則對訟費行使酌情權時，須考 normally ordered on indemnity between the parties”. The fact that the basis against unsuccessful 慮民事司法制度改革及其基本目標，即 challenge was reasonably arguable was 可以在「確保在訴訟各方達致公平」的 party challenging or resisting not a special circumstance. There were 情況下判給按彌償基準計算的訟費。即 enforcement of arbitration award no special circumstances in this case. — unless there were special 使有關質疑可合理地辯證成立，這亦不 circumstances 構成特殊情況。本案並不存在任何特殊 仲裁裁決 — 提出質疑，但遭法庭 情況。 Grand Pacific Holdings Ltd v Pacific China Holdings Ltd (in liq) (No 2) 駁回 — 假如某方對仲裁裁決提出 [2012] 4 HKLRD 569 質疑或尋求阻止強制執行仲裁裁決 Court of Appeal 但不成功，則 法庭通常下令該方支 Civil Appeal No 136 of 2011 付按彌償基準計算的訟費 — 除非 Tang V-P, Kwan and Fok JJA 有特殊情況 BANKRUPTCY 破產 23 July 2012 Order for production of documents Ms Teresa Cheng SC and Mr Adrian Lai, Grand Pacific Holdings Ltd v Pacific and for examination — principles instructed by Herbert Smith, for the China Holdings Ltd (in liq) (No 2) — information must be reasonably applicant/defendant. [2012] 4 HKLRD 569 required for trustee in bankruptcy 上訴法庭 Mr Charles Manzoni SC, instructed to carry out his functions — if by Sidley Austin, for the respondent/ 上訴法庭民事上訴2011年第136號 reasonably required, great plaintiff. 上訴法庭副庭長鄧楨，上訴法庭法 weight would be given to views of 官關淑馨及霍兆剛 trustee — mere fishing expedition The defendant successfully appealed 2012年7月23日 not permissible — order for against the setting aside of an arbitral examination more oppressive than award. At issue was whether its costs of 鄭若驊資深大律師及黎逸軒大律師(受史 order for production — Bankruptcy the appeal and at first instance awarded 密夫律師事務所延聘)代表申請人/被告 Ordinance (Cap.6) s.29 in favour of the defendant should be 人。 taxed on an indemnity basis Re Lee Priscilla Hwang (bankrupt) 資深大律師 Charles Manzoni (受盛德律師 [2012] 4 HKLRD 581 Held, ordering that the costs be taxed 事務所延聘)代表答辯人／原告人。 Court of First Instance on an indemnity basis, that: Bankruptcy Proceedings Nos 7452 涉案仲裁裁決被撤銷，而被告人提出上 In the absence of special circumstances, and 7453 of 2009 訴，並獲判得直。爭議點是：判給被告 where a party was unsuccessful in Recorder Anderson Chow SC in setting aside or resisting enforcement 人獲判給的上訴訟費及原訟訟費，應否 Chambers of the arbitral award, the court would 按彌償基準評定? 23 July 2012

72 www.hk-lawyer.org Cases in brief 案 例 撮 要

Mr Paul Carolan, instructed by Deacons, factors, that there was a proper case for 受託人合理地需要，則法庭將重視 for the trustees in both cases. such an order to be made; and 受託人的看法 — 不能以「漁翁撒 Mr William Wong, instructed by Liu, (d) If the information or document 網」的方式尋求資料 — 訊問有關 Choi & Chan, for the respondents in was reasonably required to enable the 人士的命令較出示文件的命令更具 both cases. trustee to carry out his functions, great 欺壓性 — 《破產條例》（第6章） weight would be given to the views of The bankrupts ceased to be the the trustee. 第29條 directors of a company (the Company), upon their bankruptcy. The Trustees (e) Finally a mere “fishing” expedition Re Lee Priscilla Hwang (bankrupt) applied for discovery pursuant to s.29 was not permissible. [2012] 4 HKLRD 581 of the Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap.6) of Present case 原訟法庭 various documents from the Company, the former general manager of the The documents sought by the Trustees, 高院破產案件2009年第7452及 Company (the general manager), except those relating to the source of 7453號 and a partner at a law firm who had payments from the Settlement, were 原訟法庭特委法官周家明資深大律 represented, inter alia, the second reasonably required by Trustees. The 師(內庭聆訊) bankrupt during complex litigation documents contained information 2012年7月23日 which was settled (the Settlement). The which could be used to determine 賈樂體資深大律師(受的近律師行延聘)代 Trustees also sought to examine the the bankrupt’s level of income during general manager. their bankruptcy period, the amount of 表兩案中的破產受託人。 indebtedness owed by the Company Held, allowing part of the 王嗚峰大律師(受廖蔡陳律師行延聘)代表 and their recoverability, the second applications, that: 兩案中的答辯人。 bankrupt’s right under the Settlement. The court’s power under s.29 of the These included documents evidencing 涉案兩名破產人在破產後停任某家公司 Ordinance was to help a trustee to payments made by the Company on (下稱「涉案公司」)的董事。破產受託人 discover the truth and circumstances behalf of the bankrupts in relation to 根據《破產條例》(第6章)第29條提出申 connected with and to gather the bankrupts’ expenses since their 請，要求下列人士披露各類文件：(一) information about the bankrupt’s bankruptcy; documents relating to 涉案公司；(二)涉案公司的前總經理(下 property, affairs and dealings, in order past loans made by the bankrupts to 稱「總經理」)；及(三)曾經在一宗已和 that the trustee might be able, as the Company and repayments; the effectively as possible, and with as little management accounts of the Company; 解的複雜訴訟(下稱「涉案和解」)中代表 expense as possible, to complete his and a non-redacted copy of the 第二破產人及其他人的一名律師行合夥 function. In deciding how to exercise the Settlement. The Trustees were entitled 人。破產受託人亦要求法庭下令總經理 court’s discretion under s.29: to seek information from different 接受訊問。 sources in order to thoroughly carry (a) The trustee must satisfy the court 裁決 — 批准部份申請： out their investigation and were not that the provision of information or confined to obtaining information from 法庭行使《破產條例》第29條所賦予的 documents was reasonably required for the bankrupt himself. him to carry out his functions; 權力，是為了協助破產受託人就有關破 An order for examination, which was 產人的財產、事務和業務找出真相和實 (b) The trustee must also establish a more oppressive than an order for the 情以及搜集資料，以致受託人能夠盡量 prima facie case that the respondent production of documents, would be 以最有效的方法和最少的開支來履行其 was able to provide such information or ordered against the general manager, documents; 職能。法庭在決定如何行使第29條下的 who was the Company’s former 酌情權時： (c) If the above criteria were met, the manager and had been dealing with the court must carefully strike a balance Trustees. (1) 受託人必須令法庭信納，為了履行職 between the trustee’s reasonable 能，受託人合理地需要有關人士提供資 requirements and the need to avoid 料或文件； making an order which was wholly 下令有關人士出示文件和接受訊 (2) 受託人亦必須提出充分的表面證據， unreasonable, unnecessary or 問 — 適用原則 — 有關資料必須 oppressive to the person concerned. 以證明答辯人能夠提供該等資料或文件； 是破產受託人為執行其職能而合理 The burden was on the trustee to satisfy (3) 假如受託人達到上述要求，則法庭必 地需要的資料 — 假如資料是破產 the court, after balancing all relevant 須謹慎地在下列兩者之間取得平衡：(一)

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受託人的合理要求；及(二)有需要避免對 facts on which existing cause limitation defence was arguable, leaving 有關人士作出毫不合理、毫無必要或極 of action based — Limitation the limitation issue to be argued at trial. 具欺壓性的命令。受託人有責任令法庭 Ordinance (Cap.347) s.35(1)(b) At issue before the Court of Appeal was 信納，在權衡所有相關因素後，作出有 which approach should be applied. Global Bridge Assets Ltd v Sun Hung 關命令在案中乃屬恰當之舉；及 Held, applying the Welsh Kai Financial Ltd [2012] 4 HKLRD 474 Development Agency approach and (4) 假如有關資料或文件是為了讓受託人 Court of Appeal allowing the appeal, that 能履行其職能而合理地需要，則法庭將 Civil Appeal Nos 242, 243 and 275 重視受託人的看法。 of 2011 The Welsh Development Agency Kwan and Fok JJA and Johnson Lam J approach applied. Leave to amend (5) 最後，法庭不容許受託人以「漁翁撒 3 August 2012 should not be given if its effect would be 網」的方式尋求資料。 to deprive the defendant of an accrued Mr Ambrose Ho SC and Ms Bonnie 本案情況 limitation defence, which would be Cheng, instructed by Waller Ma lost as a result of the operation of the 本案破產受託人所尋求的文件，除了關 Huang & Yeung, for the first to third relation back rule in s.35(1)(b) of the LO. 乎涉案和解所涉付款的來源外，都是受 plaintiffs (appellants in CACV 242/2011; The correct approach was to refuse leave 託人合理地所需的。這些文件所載的資 respondents in CACV 243 and to amend, unless the plaintiff could 275/2011). 料，可用來證實破產人在破產期間的收 show that the defendant did not have a 入水平、涉案公司的負債和該等債項可 Mr Gerard McCoy SC and Mr Steven reasonably arguable case on limitation, or that the new claim arose out of 否予以討回，以及第二破產人在涉案和 Kwan, instructed by Leland Chu & Co, the same or substantially the same 解下的權利。這些文件包括：證明涉案 for the defendant (respondent in CACV 242/2011; appellant in CACV 243 and facts as a cause of action in respect of 公司自兩名破產人破產後代表他們支付 275/2011). which relief had already been claimed 其開支的文件；有關破產人過往貸款予 in the existing action. The injustice to Section 35(1)(b) of the Limitation 涉案公司和還款紀錄的文件；以及一份 the defendant of depriving him of an Ordinance (Cap.347) provides that “any 未經修訂的涉案和解紀錄。受託人並非 arguable limitation defence was thereby new claim made in the course of any 只能向破產人尋求資料；他們有權從不 avoided without denying the plaintiff the action shall be deemed to be a separate 同來源尋求資料，以便進行徹底調查。 right to bring a fresh action to which, if action and to have been commenced … he was correct, there was no limitation [in the case of any new claim excluding 對於曾經出任涉案公司經理並一直負責 defence. The Extramoney approach was that made in or by way of third party 與受託人聯絡的總經理，本庭下令總經 not to be followed. 理接受訊問。此項命令較出示文件的命 proceedings] on the same date as the original action.” This is known as the This approach still applied where, as 令更具欺壓性。 “relation back rule”. It can operate to here, the extension of the limitation the prejudice of a defendant so as to period in s.26 was relied upon. It applied deprive him of an accrued limitation irrespective of whether the limitation defence if a new claim is permitted period was to run from the date when to be added by amendment after the the cause of action accrued under s.4(1) expiry of the relevant limitation period. or from the date of discovery of the CIVIL PROCEDURE The approach of the English Court of fraud or concealment under s.26(1). 民事訴訟程序 Appeal in Welsh Development Agency v Where the application of s.26 was itself Redpath Dorman Long Ltd [1994] 1 WLR New claims in pending actions — disputed, the right course was to refuse 1409 (Welsh Development Agency) was whether granting leave to amend to allow the amendment and to let the to refuse an amendment where there is to add new claims would deprive question of whether s.26 applied to be an arguable limitation defence unless defendant of accrued limitation determined in a fresh action. the new cause(s) of action arose out of defence as result of s.35(1)(b) — substantially the same facts as those on It was appropriate to refuse leave to correct approach was to refuse which the existing causes of action were amend on the basis that the plaintiffs leave to amend unless plaintiff based. On the other hand, the approach were at liberty to issue a fresh writ. As could show that defendant did not of the Hong Kong Court of Appeal in the plaintiffs relied on s.26, they would have reasonably arguable case on Extramoney Ltd v Chan, Lai, Pang & Co be well within time if they were to issue limitation, or that new claim arose [1992] 1 HKLR 244 (Extramoney) was a fresh writ in 2012 and no prejudice out of same or substantially same to allow the amendment where the would be caused to them in that situation.

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例Welsh Development Agency v Redpath 訟，以解決第26條是否適用的問題。 Dorman Long Ltd [1994] 1 WLR 1409 待決訴訟中的新申索 — 准許原告 在本案中，基於相關原告人可選擇發出 中，當地上訴法院的做法是，假如 人藉修改申索陳述書而加入新申 新令狀而拒絕准許他們修改申索陳述 「申索逾時失效」抗辯理由有可能辯 索，會否令被告人因第35(1)(b)條 書，乃屬恰當的做法。由於他們倚賴第 證成立，則法院將不容許原告人藉修 而無法提出本來可供其使用的「申 26條，因此，即使他們於2012年發出新 改申索陳述書而加入有關的新申索， 索逾時失效」抗辯理由 — 正確的 令狀，他們的申索仍未超逾起訴期限， 除非該新申索的訴因與現存訴因的基礎 做法是拒絕准許原告人修改申索陳 而在該情況下，他們的權益不會因未獲 事實大致相同。另一方面，在香港案 准修改申索陳述書而受到損害。 述書，除非原告人能證明被告人在 例 Extramoney Ltd v Chan, Lai, Pang & 時效方面的理據不能合理地辯證 Co [1992] 1 HKLR 244中，上訴法庭的 成立，又或新申索所源於的事實與 做法是，假如「申索逾時失效」抗辯理 現存訴因的基礎事實相同或大致相 由有可能辯證成立，則法庭將容許原告 同 —《時效條例》（第347章）第 人藉修改申索陳述書而加入有關的新申 COMPANY LAW 公司法 35(1)(b)條 索，並把時效方面的爭議點留待主審法 庭處理。在本案中，上訴法庭所要審理 Statutory derivative action — Global Bridge Assets Ltd v Sun 的爭議點是應當採納上述哪一種做法。 for or on behalf of “specified Hung Kai Financial Ltd [2012] 4 corporation” — included non-Hong 裁決 — 採納 Welsh Development HKLRD 474 Kong company — non-Hong Kong Agency 一案的做法，並裁定上訴得直： company if had established place 上訴法庭 of business in Hong Kong — did Welsh Development Agency 一案的做 上訴法庭民事上訴案2011年 not have to have place of business 第242、243及275號 法適用。假如准許原告人修改申索陳述 in Hong Kong when s.168BC 上訴法庭法官關淑馨及霍兆剛， 書的效果是令被告人因《時效條例》第 invoked — s.168A unfair and 原訟法庭法官林文瀚 35(1)(b)條下的「起訴日追溯」規則適 prejudicial conduct petition struck 2012年8月3日 用而無法提出其本可使用的「申索逾時 out as complaints could not be 失效」抗辯理由，則法庭不應批予該許 regarded as mismanagement of 何沛謙資深大律師及鄭欣琪大律師(受華 可。正確的做法是拒絕准許原告人修改 company — Companies Ordinance 馬黃楊律師行延聘)代表第一至第三原告 申索陳述書，除非原告人能證明：(一)被 (Cap.32) ss.2(1), 168BC, 332 人(上訴法庭民事上訴案2011年第242號 告人在時效方面的理據不能合理地辯證 中的上訴人；上訴法庭民事上訴案2011 Re Gen2 Partners Inc [2012] 4 成立；或(二)新申索所源於的事實，與原 HKLRD 511 年第243及275號中的答辯人)。 告人已就之而尋求濟助的現存訟案的訴 Court of First Instance 麥高義資深大律師及關文渭大律師(受諸 因背後的事實相同或大致相同。這做法 Miscellaneous Proceedings Nos 1255 立明律師事務所延聘)代表被告人(上訴法 一方面能避免出現被告人因被剝奪本有 and 1991 of 2011 庭民事上訴案2011年第242號中的答辯 可能辯證成立的「申索逾時失效」抗辯 Barma J in Chambers 人；上訴法庭民事上訴案2011年第243 理由而蒙受不公的情況，同時又不會否 15 June 2012 及275號中的上訴人)。 定原告人提出新申索的權利(假設該人指 Mr Charles Sussex SC and Mr Jose 《時效條例》(第347章)第35(1)(b)條規 「申索逾時失效」抗辯理由不成立的說 Maurellet, instructed by Kennedys, for 定：「凡於任何訴訟過程中作出的新申 法正確)。法庭不應依循 Extramoney 一 the plaintiff (HCMP 1255/2011) and for 索，須當作為一宗獨立的，並於以下日 案的做法。 the petitioner (HCMP 1991/2011). 期展開的訴訟 — [如屬並非在第三方法律 在倚賴《時效條例》第26條下的延長時 Mr Benjamin Yu SC and Ms Sara 程序中作出的或以第三方法律程序方式 效期限的情況下，上述做法仍然適用。 Tong, instructed by Dechert, for the 作出的新申索]在原訴訟展開的日期。」 不論時效期限是由訴因根據第4(1)條產 interveners (HCMP 1255/2011) and for 這稱為「起訴日追溯」規則。這項規則 生之日開始計算還是由第26(1)條所指的 the first to fourth respondents (HCMP 1991/2011). 的效果可以對被告人不利：儘管相關的 發覺欺詐或隱瞞行為當日開始計算，上 訴訟時效已屆滿，假如法庭准許原告 述做法均適用。 Gen2 Partners Inc (Gen2) was a BVI 人藉修改申索陳述書而加入新申索，則 company. In a shareholder’s dispute, 假如與訟各方對於運用第26條本身存有 被告人將無法提出本來可供其使用的 the applicant claimed that the other 爭議，則正確的做法是拒絕准許原告人 「申索逾時失效」抗辯理由。在英國案 two shareholders acted in breach of 修改申索陳述書，並讓各方另行提起訴

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the Shareholders’ Agreement and in This was so even if the substantial 原訟法庭法官鮑晏明(內庭聆訊) breach of the fiduciary duties they owed number of introductions of potential to Gen2 as directors by channelling investors made by the applicant’s 2012年6月15日 to their own companies investments shareholder resulted in no business. The 沙惜時資深大律師及毛樂禮大律師(受肯 which should otherwise have been amendment to the definition of place 尼狄律師行延聘)代表原告人(高院雜項案 placed with Gen2. The applicant sought of business in s.341 suggested that a 件2011年第1255號)及呈請人(高院雜項 leave under s.168BC of the Companies company might have a place of business Ordinance (Cap.32) to intervene to in Hong Kong notwithstanding that no 案件2011年第1991號)。 bring a statutory derivative action based legally binding obligations were entered 余若海資深大律師及唐思佩大律師(受德 on these complaints. This raised the into here. 杰律師事務所延聘)代表介入人(高院雜項 issue of whether Gen2 was a “specified As for the s.168A petition, where 案件2011年第1255號)及第一至第四答 corporation” under s.168BC. The the essence of the claim was not 辯人(高院雜項案件2011年第1991號)。 applicant further presented a s.168A mismanagement of a company, but petition based on substantially the Gen2 Partners Inc (下稱「Gen2」)是一 consisted of complaints of breaches same complaints. The respondents of duty owed to the company or other 家在英屬處女島成立的公司。Gen2的 applied to strike out the s.168A petition. misconduct actionable by the company 股東出現爭議，而申請人聲稱另外兩名 Held, allowing the s.168BC itself, the proper vehicle for relief was 股東違反股東協議和違反他們身為Gen2 application and striking out the not an unfair prejudice petition, but a 的董事而負有的受信責任，把本應委託 s.168A petition, that: derivative claim. The court would also Gen2處理的投資引導到該兩名股東所擁 decline to deal with a claim in a s.168A In determining whether a company was 有的公司。申請人根據《公司條例》(第 petition if it could not conveniently a non-Hong Kong company and thus a 32章)第168BC條申請許可介入，使該 be dealt with at the hearing of the “specified corporation” under s.168BC, 人能根據上述指控提出法定衍生訴訟。 petition. However, a buyout could only s.332 only required a company to have 這帶出了以下爭議點：Gen2是否屬於第 be obtained in s.168A proceedings, and established a place of business in Hong the petition would not be dismissed 168BC條所指的「指明法團」申請人亦 Kong. There was nothing to require the altogether: the applicant would be 根據大致相同的指控，按第168A條提出 continued existence of such place of allowed to amend the petition so as 呈請，各名答辯人則申請剔除該呈請。 business for such status to continue. to plead matters that might justify the It was not necessary for a company to 裁決 — 批准根據第168BC條提出的 making of a buy-out order in its favour. have a place of business in Hong Kong 申請，並剔除根據第168A條提出的 at the time when s.168BC was invoked. 呈請： Further whether a company had 法定衍生訴訟 — 代表「指明法 registered under s.333 was irrelevant 在決定一家公司是否非香港公司，從而 to the question of whether it was a 團」 —准許原告人藉修改申索陳述 屬於第168BA條所指的「指明法團」 non-Hong Kong company within the 書而加入新申索，會否令被告人因 時，第332條只要求公司已在香港設立營 meaning of s.332. The obligation to 第35(1)(b)條而無法提出本來可供 業地點。有關條文並無規定營業地點要 register only arose after a company had 其使用的「申索逾時失效」抗辯理 繼續存在，以作為公司維持非香港公司 established a place of business in Hong 身份的條件。在援引第168BC條時，公 Kong and hence had become a non- 由 — 正確的做法是拒絕准許原告 司毋須在香港設有營業地點。再者，一 Hong Kong company. 人修改申索陳述書，除非原告人能 家公司已否根據第333條註冊，與該公司 證明被告人在時效方面的理據不能 In this case Gen2 had established 是否屬於第332條所指的非香港公司並無 a place of business in Hong Kong 合理地辯證成立，又或新申索所源 關係。註冊的責任只在公司已在香港成 prior to the s.168BC application; and 於的事實與現存訴因的基礎事實相 立營業地點、從而成為非香港公司之後 Gen2 was a non-Hong Kong company 同或大致相同 —《時效條例》（第 and a “specified corporation” for the 才產生。 347章）第35(1)(b)條 purposes of s.168BC and the applicant 在本案中，Gen2在第168BC條被援引前 was entitled to make the application Re Gen2 Partners Inc [2012] 4 已在香港成立營業地點。就第168BC條 pursuant to s.168BC. Its shareholders HKLRD 511 的目的而言，Gen2是一家非香港公司和 intended from the outset that it should 原訟法庭 「指明公司」，因此申請人有權根據第 carry on business in Hong Kong. It had 168BC條提出申請。Gen2的股東從一開 for a period of time held out an address 高院雜項案件2011年第1255及 in Hong Kong as its place of business. 1991號 始已打算在香港營業，而該公司顯示一個

76 www.hk-lawyer.org Cases in brief 案 例 撮 要

香港地址作為營業地點的做法亦已維持一 Prosecutions. 存訴因的基礎事實相同或大致相 段時間。即使申請人的股東介紹的大批潛 The defendants followed a 17-year- 同 —《時效條例》（第347章）第 在投資者並無為該公司帶來業務，情況亦 old female student (the victim), as 35(1)(b)條 然。對於第341條下「營業地點」一詞的 she returned home at 5 am. The 定義所作出的修訂，意味著一家公司即使 second defendant kept a lookout at 香港特別行政區訴古國偉 [2012] 4 沒有在香港承擔具法律約束力的責任，仍 the entrance to the building, as the HKLRD 511 可能在香港設有營業地點。 first defendant entered the lobby and 上訴法庭 pushed the victim in the back as she 上訴法庭刑事上訴案2012年第14號 至於根據第168A條提出的呈請，假如申 waited for a lift while talking on her 上訴法庭副庭長楊振權，上訴法庭 索的精髓並不在於公司管理失當，而是 i-Phone. The first defendant snatched 法官倫明高 涉及指稱有人違反向公司所負的責任或 the i-Phone and fled. The victim 2012年7月18日 干犯其他可由公司本身提出起訴的失當 shouted, “Robbery!”. The defendants 行為，則尋求濟助的適當渠道並非提出 pleaded guilty to robbery. The Deputy 韋厚善大律師(受法律援助署署長委派余 「不公平損害」呈請，而是提出衍生申 Judge noted that there were no “tariff” 美蓮律師行延聘)代表兩名申請人。 索。此外，假如法庭無法在第168A條 guidelines for unarmed robbery and took a starting point of 3 years and 律政司刑事檢控科高級檢控官關百安代 呈請的聆訊中便捷地處理該呈請所載的 3 months, reduced it for plea and 表刑事檢控專員。 某項申索，則法庭亦會拒絕處理該項申 sentenced D1-2 each to 2 years and 2 本案兩名被告人承認搶劫罪。案中受害 索。然而，「全面收購股份」的命令只 months’ imprisonment. The Deputy 人是一名17歲的女學生，案情指出，案 能在第168A條程序中獲得，而本案呈請 Judge took into account that the victim 發當日清晨5時左右，兩名被告人跟隨正 不會完全被撤銷：本庭准許申請人修改 was confronted by only one robber; 呈請書，以申辯各項可能支持法庭作出 no weapon was used; the robbery 在歸家途中的受害人。她進入大廈後， 對申請人有利的「全面收購股份」的命 was committed in a public place; the 第二被告人在大廈門口把風，第一被告 令的事宜。 violence used did not cause any injuries; 人則進入大堂，從後推倒正在等候電梯 and the defendants had clear records. 和使用「蘋果」手機講電話的受害人， The defendants applied for leave to 並隨即搶去該部手機和逃走。受害人大 appeal against sentence. 叫「搶劫！」。原審暫委法官在判刑時 Held, dismissing the application, that: 指出，對於不涉及持械的搶劫罪，法庭 CRIMINAL SENTENCING The starting point adopted was 並無訂下刑期指引。暫委法官就每名被 告人採納監禁3年3個月為量刑基準， 判刑 appropriate. The circumstances were a “step up from a theft or snatching” 並因該人認罪而把刑期扣減至兩年兩個 Robbery — unarmed robbery in that the first defendant pushed the 月。暫委法官曾考慮到受害人只是面對 — victim was 17-year-old girl — young female victim in the back whilst 一名劫匪、案件不涉及使用武器、罪行 returning home in early morning snatching her i-Phone. V remained 在公眾地方發生、所使用的武力沒有令 — pushed in back while i-Phone composed enough to shout “robbery!” 受害人身體受傷，以及兩名被告人沒有 and was aware of the presence of one snatched - circumstances were 定罪紀錄。兩名被告人不服判刑，申請 robber only. On the other hand, V was “one step up from a theft or 許可提出上訴。 snatching” targeted and her i-Phone was valuable. As a young woman returning home 裁決 — 駁回申請： HKSAR v Ku Kwok Wai [2012] 4 alone in the early hours of the morning 暫委法官所採納的量刑基準恰當。涉案 HKLRD 563 she was vulnerable to this kind of Court of Appeal cowardly attack. 情況「較盜竊或搶掠稍為嚴重」，因 為第一被告人從後把年輕的女受害人推 Criminal Appeal No 14 of 2012 Yeung V-P and Lunn JA 倒，並搶去其「蘋果」手機。受害人能 18 July 2012 搶劫罪 — 不涉及持械的搶劫 — 受 保持鎮定並大叫「搶劫！」，並只意識 害人是一名17歲的少女 — 正確的 到當時只有一名劫匪。另一方面，兩名 Mr Frederic Whitehouse, instructed by 做法是拒絕准許原告人修改申索陳 被告人刻意以受害人為目標，而被搶去 C Yu & Co, assigned by the Director of 的手機價值不菲。受害人是一名少女， Legal Aid, for the applicants. 述書，除非原告人能證明被告人在 時效方面的理據不能合理地辯證成 而且在零晨時份獨自回家，對於這種卑 Mr Franco Kuan, Senior Public 鄙的襲擊可說是無可防備。 Prosecutor, for the Director of Public 立，又或新申索所源於的事實與現

www.hk-lawyer.org 77 Legislation Updates 立 法 新 知

Legislation Updates 立法新知 REUTERS/Bobby Yip

Ordinances • 2012/146 Legal Aid (Assessment of Resources and 2012/28 Companies Ordinance - 《公司條例》 Contributions) (Amendment) Regulation 2012 - 《2012年 法律援助 (評定資源及分擔費用) (修訂) 規例》

• 2012/147 Immigration (Amendment) Ordinance 2012 Legal Notices (Commencement) Notice -《〈2012年入境 (修訂) 條 Amendments to Ordinances/Subsidiary Legislation 例〉(生效日期) 公告》

• 2012/139 United Nations Sanctions (Cote d’Ivoire) • 2012/148 Legal Aid Ordinance--Resolution of the Regulation 2012 -《2012年聯合國制裁(科特迪瓦)規例》 Legislative Council (Commencement) Notice -《法律援助 條例》--《立法會決議 (生效日期) 公告》 • 2012/140 United Nations Sanctions (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) (Amendment) Regulation 2012 -《2012 • 2012/149 Construction Industry Legislation (Miscellaneous 年聯合國制裁 (朝鮮民主主義人民共和國)(修訂) 規例》 Amendments) Ordinance 2012 (Commencement) Notice - 《〈2012年建造業法例 (雜項修訂) 條例〉(生效日期) • 2012/141 United Nations Sanctions (Guinea-Bissau) 公告》 Regulation -《聯合國制裁(幾內亞比紹)規例》 • 2012/150 Designation of Libraries (Amendment) Order • 2012/142 United Nations Sanctions (Somalia) 2012 -《2012年圖書館指定 (修訂) 令》 (Amendment) Regulation 2012 -《2012年聯合國制裁(索 • 2012/151 Solicitors’ Accounts (Amendment) Rules 2012 - 馬里) (修訂)規例》 《2012年律師帳目 (修訂) 規則》

• 2012/143 Prevention and Control of Disease (Amendment) • 2012/152 Accountant’s Report (Amendment) Rules 2012 - Regulation 2012 -《2012年預防及控制疾病 (修訂) 規 《2012年會計師報告 (修訂) 規則》 例》 • 2012/153 Solicitors (Professional Indemnity) (Amendment) • 2012/144 Prevention and Control of Disease Ordinance Rules 2012 - 《2012年律師 (專業彌償) (修訂) 規則》 (Amendment of Schedules 1 and 2) Notice 2012 -《2012 • 2012/154 Solicitors’ Practice (Amendment) Rules 2012 - 年預防及控制疾病條例 (修訂附表1及2) 公告》 《2012年律師執業 (修訂) 規則》

• 2012/145 Legal Aid (Amendment) Regulation 2012 - • 2012/155 Foreign Lawyers Practice (Amendment) Rules 《2012年法律援助 (修訂) 規例》 2012 -《2012年外地律師執業 (修訂) 規則》

78 www.hk-lawyer.org professional moves 會 員 動 向

professional moves 會員動向

Newly - Admitted Members 新會員 ZHOU TAO DAVID EATON JOHN ANTHONY 周 韜 HAITONG INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES GROUP LTD. PIKE KATHERINE VENETIAN MARKETING SERVICES LTD. WONG HING YEE BONNY WEI GUANGQIN 黃馨儀 衛光欽 CHONG WAI LOEY FRIED, FRANK, HARRIS, SHRIVER & JACOBSON 莊煒檑 法朗克律師行 CHEUNG & CO., D.S. 張岱樞律師事務所

CHENG YAN YAN CHERYL NIJAR KAMALPRIT KAUR 鄭茵茵 SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM TAM, PUN & YIPP 世達國際律師事務所 譚潘葉律師行

CHAN LAP KEI 陳立基 NG BERNARD YU KUI SQUIRE SANDERS 吳宇駒 翰宇國際律師事務所 WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION LEE KA YAN 李嘉恩 HASTINGS & CO. 希仕廷律師行 FUNG KI YUEN 馮麒元 NG YIM HUNG 吳艷紅 LI & PARTNERS 李偉斌律師行 CHAN CHUNG MING 陳仲銘 FAIRBAIRN CATLEY LOW & KONG LEE KWUN TING 范紀羅江律師行 李冠霆 CHEONG MEI YIN TO & CO., W.K. 張美妍 杜偉強律師事務所 LAM JOHN, LAW & CO., SOLICITORS 林啟貽羅慧晶律師事務所

www.hk-lawyer.org 79 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Partnerships and Firms SHAO ZHONGJIE changes received as from 1 September 2012 取自2012年9月1日起香港律師會所提供之最新資料 邵鍾杰 合夥人及律師行變動 DECHERT 德杰律師事務所 • CARMICHAEL ANDREW JAMES • LAM HO KONG ANTHONY joined Linklaters as a partner as from joined Thomas Li & Yu as a partner as CHAN KA FUNG 24/09/2012. from 17/09/2012. 陳家鋒 自2012年9月24日加入年利達律師事 林浩剛 CHEUNG VINCENT T.K., YAP & CO. 務所為合夥人。 自2012年9月17日加入陳愛倫律 張葉司徒陳律師事務所 • FREEMAN EDWARD GEOFFREY 師行為合夥人。 joined Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer as WONG SUI KI • MAK ALEXANDER a partner as from 13/09/2012. 黃瑞琪 commenced practice as the sole 自2012年9月13日加入富而德律師事 KAN & CO., FRED practitioner in the name of Mak 務所為合夥人。 簡家驄律師行 Solicitors as from 03/10/2012. • GREGORY DOMINIC JAMES FERGUSSON 麥曉峯 WAN CHUNG MAN joined Ashurst Hong Kong as a partner as 自2012年10月3日獨資經營新開 尹頌文 from 03/09/2012. 業麥律師行。 自2012年9月3日加入亞司特律師事務 WOO, KWAN, LEE & LO • ROSS ANGUS JOHN 所為合夥人。 胡關李羅律師行 joined Ashurst Hong Kong as a • HO CHUEN KING CHARLES partner as from 03/10/2012. TSANG YING TING DIANA joined Kevin L.H. Kwong & Co. as a partner 雷浩基 曾纓婷 as from 28/09/2012 and remains as a 自2012年10月3日加入亞司特律 MAYER BROWN JSM partner of Tam, Pun & Yip. 師事務所為合夥人。 孖士打律師行 何傳經 自2012年9月28日加入鄺來興律師行 • SASSI ANTONY ROBERT HO SZE MAY MINDY 為合夥人，但仍繼續擔任譚潘葉律師 joined Smyth & Co. as a partner as 何思鎇 行合夥人一職。 from 13/09/2012. LOONG & YEUNG 自2012年9月13日加入SMYTH & • HUNT JEREMY DAVID 龍炳坤、楊永安律師行 CO為合夥人。 joined Morrison & Foerster as a partner as TSO NATALIE from 01/10/2012. • WAN LI 曹馨文 自2012年10月1日加入美富律師事務 joined DLA Piper Hong Kong as a CHEUNG & LIU, SOLICITORS 所為合夥人。 partner as from 08/10/2012. 張廖律師事務所 • HYDE PHILIP ANDREW 萬 利 joined Hogan Lovells as a partner as from 自2012年10月8日加入歐華律師 CHAN YIK CHONG 13/09/2012. 事務所為合夥人。 陳奕妝 自2012年9月13日加入霍金路偉律師 • WATKINS DAVID GLYNN TO & CO., W.K. 行為合夥人。 joined Slaughter and May as a partner 杜偉強律師事務所 • KWAN CHEUK KUI as from 17/09/2012. POON FUNG CHI FARAH joined Rowdget W. Young & Co. as a 自2012年9月17日加入司力達律 partner as from 03/10/2012. 潘鳳芝 師樓為合夥人。 關卓鉅 SIAO, WEN AND LEUNG 蕭溫梁律師行 自2012年10月3日加入楊振文律師行 為合夥人。

Specialist in Partners and teams moves in Hong Kong, Beijing and Shanghai. Visit us at: www.tullyrecruit.com

80 www.hk-lawyer.org professional moves 會 員 動 向

• CHAN SIU WING SELWYN • FUNG TAT WAH PETER • LEONG KWOK ON HAROLD became a partner of Alan Lam, Yam & ceased to be a partner of Shum Wong ceased to be a partner of Mayer Pe as from 25/09/2012. & Co., Solicitors as from 28/09/2012, Brown JSM as from 29/09/2012. 陳兆榮 and joined Simon C.W. Yung & Co. as a 梁國安 自2012年9月25日成為林、任、白 consultant as from 03/10/2012. 自2012年9月29日辭去孖士打律 律師行合夥人。 馮達華 師行合夥人一職。 自2012年9月28日辭去沈黃律師事 • WITHINGTON MICHAEL RONALD • McCONNELL SIMON JOHN 務所合夥人一職，並自2012年10 became a partner of Gall as from ceased to be a partner of 月3日加入翁宗榮律師行為顧問。 06/09/2012. Allens Arthur Robinson as from 韋兆敦 • GOH CHOO HWEE 30/09/2012, and joined Clyde & Co. 自2012年9月6日成為高嘉力律師行 ceased to be a partner of Tsun & as a partner as from 01/10/2012. 合夥人。 Partners as from 11/09/2012, and 馬康利 joined Ma Tang & Co. as a partner as 自2012年9月30日辭去安德慎律 • CHAN KAI WING from 13/09/2012. 師事務所合夥人一職，並自2012 ceased to be a partner of Lo, Chan & 吳慈飛 年10月1日加入其禮律師行為合 Leung and remains as a consultant of 自2012年9月11日辭去秦覺忠律師 夥人。 the firm as from 01/10/2012. 行合夥人一職，並自2012年9月13 • NG KAM CHEUNG 陳啟榮 日加入馬世欽鄧文政黃和崢吳慈飛 ceased to be a partner of Kevin L.H. 自2012年10月1日辭去羅陳梁律師 律師行為合夥人。 行合夥人一職，但仍繼續擔任該行 Kwong & Co. and remains as an 顧問一職。 • HIRSCH DAVID WILLIAM assistant solicitor of the firm as from ceased to be a partner of Cleary 01/10/2012. • CHEUNG JIT KING Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton (Hong 吳錦祥 ceased to be a partner of Thomas Li & Kong) as from 01/10/2012. 自2012年10月1日辭去鄺來興律 Yu and remains as a consultant of the 自2012年10月1日辭去佳利(香港) 師行合夥人一職，但仍繼續擔任 firm as from 17/09/2012. 律師事務所合夥人一職。 該行助理律師一職。 張捷京 • HUI MAN KIT PATRICK 自2012年9月17日辭去陳愛倫律師 • SMITH EDWARD PAUL ceased to be a partner of Yu & 行合夥人一職，但仍繼續擔任該行 ceased to be a partner of Linklaters Associates as from 30/09/2012, and 顧問一職。 as from 21/09/2012. joined Kenneth Sit as a partner as from 自2012年9月21日辭去年利達律 • CHIK PUI HONG 01/10/2012. 師事務所合夥人一職。 ceased to be a partner of Baker & 許文傑 • SO HON LEUNG ALVIN McKenzie as from 15/09/2012. 自2012年9月30日辭去余大峰律師 ceased to be a partner of CWL 植沛康 行合夥人一職，並自2012年10月1 Partners as from 01/10/2012. 自2012年9月15日辭去貝克‧麥堅 日加入薛海華律師行為合夥人。 蘇漢亮 時律師事務所合夥人一職。 • LAM CHI YEUNG JIMMY 自2012年10月1日辭去鄭黃林律 • CHOW SUK HAN ANNA ceased to be a partner of Munros 師行合夥人一職。 ceased to be a partner of Peter C. as from 01/10/2012, and joined Y.T. Wong, Chow & Chow and remains Chan & Co. as a consultant as from • YEOW MUN as a consultant of the firm as from 03/10/2012. ceased to be a partner of 01/10/2012. 林子洋 Allens Arthur Robinson as from 周淑嫻 自2012年10月1日辭去文禮律師行 30/09/2012, and joined Clyde & Co. as a partner as from 01/10/2012. 自2012年10月1日辭去王澤長．周 合夥人一職，並自2012年10月3日 張 敏 淑嫻．周永健律師行合夥人一職， 加入陳應達律師事務所為顧問。 自2012年9月30日辭去安德慎律 但仍繼續擔任該行顧問一職。 • LEE MARK 師事務所合夥人一職，並自2012 ceased to be a partner of Orrick, • CHUI YIM PING 年10月1日加入其禮律師行為合 Herrington & Sutcliffe as from ceased to be a partner of Keith Lam 夥人。 Lau & Chan as from 30/09/2012. 08/09/2012. 自2012年9月8日辭去奧睿律師事 徐艷萍 務所合夥人一職。 自2012年9月30日辭去劉林陳律師 行合夥人一職。

www.hk-lawyer.org 81 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

❝Let Your Cups Never Rest!❞ - Li Bai 「杯莫停」- 李白 REUTERS/Victor Fraile A man examines a glass of red wine from Spain during a tasting session at Vinexpo Asia-Pacific in Hong Kong. 在香港亞太Vinexpo的品酒會中 ， 一個男人品嚐來自西班牙的紅酒。

“Let me be forever drunk and never come to reason! Sober men of olden days and sages are forgotten, And only the great drinkers are famous for all time.” – Bring In The Wine As illustrated by this poetic excerpt from the Tang Dynasty, wine has been part of Chinese culture for centuries. Aptly enough, Li Bai - the famous poet who was also known as the “Immortal of Wine” - wrote them during a banquet.

By Kamilia Lahrichi

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t is 5:30pm on a Friday. Already, north-western areas such as Shandong dish is combined with one kind of wine Ieffluvia of wine embalm the elevator (namely the Yantai prefecture), Shanxi so as to accentuate flavours. Foie gras, of a Sheung Wan building. On the 15th and Gansu provinces and the Ningxia for instance, is matched with fruity and floor, Jennie Mack, Managing Director region. Yunnan, in the south-west, very sweet wine that has great acidity. at the Asia Wine Service and Education is another wine producing province. “In the West, you eat in your own plate. Centre, has been tasting wine since Popular Chinese wines include Grace You won’t share your [delectable] beef 10am. Vineyard, Dynasty, Great Wall and with others,” he says half in jest. You Changyu. In contrast, Hong Kong does ought to trust Mr Chow’s know-how as With the enthusiasm of a wine not produce any wine as the weather is his fondness for alcohol dates far back. aficionado and the stained lips of a not suitable for growing grapes. Most Indeed, he explains that he grew up in a practitioner, she has no time to waste. of the wines available in the city hail “drinking family” and used to down one Ms Mack is on a mission to educate from traditional European producers and a half bottles of cognac a day. Hong Kongers and foreigners in the (eg France and the UK) as well as city on the sensational experience The one big mistake that Westerners New World wine makers (eg US and that their palate and senses can offer. make, he continues, is to apply their Australia). Despite the Mainland’s “Suddenly, you are very conscious about pairing technique to the great variety of heavy production, its reputation on smells, experiences and, actually, your Asian food. Peking Duck does not have international markets does not follow enjoyment of life,” she tells Hong Kong to be accompanied with Merlot. Brisket as the majority of Chinese wines are Lawyer. As she explains with great does not have to be matched with Napa consumed locally. Tastes are indeed conviction, “wine is not supposed to be Valley Cabernet-Sauvignon. Chinese evolving in the Mainland. A penchant for snobbish. It is supposed to be fun and culture indeed is about sharing different strong spirits means Chinese prefer red approachable.” food items. Thus, there is no exact wine than white because it has higher sequence when serving dishes. “Chinese A booming industry alcoholic content. Chinese, it appears, people have always had a mixed palate Wine is commonly called the “water have always been used to strong palate and [enjoyed] mixed textures and of history” among Chinese as wine sensations, explains Nelson Chow, flavours,” Mr Chow said. anecdotes are intertwined with the Chairman of the Hong Kong Sommelier country’s history. Today, the industry Association. is booming both in Hong Kong and Along with trade, consumption is mainland China. A May 2012 report booming too. Hong Kong’s per capita A man examines a glass of red wine from Spain during a tasting by the Hong Kong Trade Development session at Vinexpo Asia-Pacific in Hong Kong. wine consumption is the highest in Council (HKTDC) noted that Hong 在香港亞太Vinexpo的品酒會中 ， 一個男人品嚐來自西班牙的紅酒。 the region, stresses a 2012 survey Kong’s total wine exports in January - commissioned by French trade group March 2012 registered a 43.7% growth Vinexpo and conducted by International from 2011. It amounted to HK$594 Wine & Spirit Research. million (or 4.7 million litres of wine). Even more spectacular are wine sales The art of pairing wine and food in mainland China, which grew 143% As he raises his voice above the jazzy per annum in value terms, and 79% background of a Causeway Bay café, per annum in volume terms in the past Mr Chow is adamant that pairing wine five years. This added up to HK$256.6 with Asian food is entirely different billion (or 3.9 billion litres of wine) in than when doing so with Western 2011. cuisine. In Western philosophy, each Mainland China is the 6th largest wine producer in the world. Cradles of Jennie Mack, Managing Director at the Asia wine production are located mainly in Wine Service and Education Centre Jennie Mack，亞洲侍酒及教育中心董事總經理

www.hk-lawyer.org 83 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

Ms Mack says this “mixed” tone is often-called the “fifth taste” after “sweet”, “sour”, “salty” and “bitter”, and describes it as “full, rich and complex”. She calls it “umami” (from the Japanese term うま味 ), and cites its presence in Asian foods like seaweed, dry mushrooms, Miso soup, soy sauce and fermented beans.

“Umami” makes wine bitter and dry, she adds, specifically recommending that oaky wines with tannin should be avoided with such flavours. In wine parlance, tannin is a family of natural organic compounds found in grape skins, seems and stems. It gives wine its astringent quality. All is not lost though, REUTERS/Bobby Yip as adding salt mitigates the “umami” Visitors taste wine at a booth promoting French wine during Vinexpo Asia-Pacific in Hong Kong. effect and allows for say, oysters to be 在香港亞太Vinexpo的品酒會中的一個攤位，遊客品嚐正推廣的法國紅酒。 matched with wine. Ms Mack explains, describing the pairing of wine and food as a “journey.” suggests an Australian Shiraz or a Exalting your senses To pair wine and cuisines, one needs Chilean Merlot. As she slightly tilts her glass of red to look into the characteristic of each There are also wines that are drunk as wine, Ms Mack observes with attention cuisine. Cantonese people favour fresh appetizers. For her last birthday, for the complexity of its flavours. “It is vegetables and seafood, on account of example, Ms Mack had a rare Austrian a very complex, dry and full-bodied Guangdong’s proximity to the South Trockenbeerenauslese - it is so sweet wine. It is very smooth and has velvety China Sea. Mr Chow thus suggests that she had to sip it very slowly. tannin. It has a lot of red and black matching raw fish with wines of great fruits characteristics as well as spices. acidity. A fresh Sauvignon Blanc, for Wine, more wine When you let the wine roll around your instance, would be a perfect match. As Hong Kong is deemed Asia’s culinary mouth, it lingers on,” she says, as she Shanghai cuisine, which is oily, stands capital, wine amateurs ought to know lets her senses get exalted. “You can out due to its soy-based taste and how to switch wines during dinner to feel the woody finish. This wine would emphasis on sugar, rice wine and rice avoid headaches the next day, such is be [succulent] with veal or lamb,” Ms vinegar. To balance these powerful the variety of foods on offer. This is due Mack goes on. flavours, Mr Chow proposes stronger, mainly to the high amount of sulphites To describe a wine with Ms Mack’s heavier and more structured wines that some wines contain. Sulphite is passion, one has to master three steps: that carry oxidised agents. These a preservative used in winemaking sight, smell and taste. After that, the are perfectly partnered with the soy to maintain wine’s freshness. It is acts of sniffing, swirling, gargling and character of the Shanghai gastronomy. also linked to migraine. Mr Chow slurping wine will be mysteries no more. Sichuan cuisine uses a lot of herbs and recommends wine that has no more spices, producing a plethora of flavours. than 3.5 grams of sulphites, as well as Sight Mr Chow recommends fruity wines with mix alcohols such as wine, cognac and Sight is the first step to taste wine. It great acidity, while Ms Mack further whiskey. enables one to discern its character

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or condition. A healthy wine is clear is therefore no need to stick your nose the substance acts as a magnet to pick and bright. If it is hazy, which is an inside the glass, the way you would do up sediments. indication of fault, it is probably when tasting a simple or neutral wine. For prospective wine connoisseurs, because the producer did not filter it Smelling a good wine is an unique however, humility ought to be key, as he/she did not want to strip it of its adventure that takes you through say experts, as suggests the following flavours, explains Ms Mack. One should different layers of evocation, experts anecdote: also observe the viscosity of the wine. say. When you first swirl the glass to Sommeliers swirl the glass of wine to open up the aromas, you should get About 20 year ago, when Mr Chow find out the wine’s “thickness”. The a whiff of smells such as cherry, mint was working in one of the best French ‘wine lick’ forms when the or pepper. After awhile, you will smell restaurants in Hong Kong, he once served an old vintage wine worth alcohol sticks to the glass. Although some varieties of smokiness, If this is thick and drips grapes with thick skin produce deep- tobacco or HK$47,000 to two customers. One down slowly, the wine is coloured wines and thus leave marks coffee scents. of them, as the paying host of such on the lips and teeth, such stains do likely to be full-bodied not say anything about the quality of Later, you should expensive wine, sought to prescribe and, hence, offer stronger the wine. detect various advice to his guest. But, having sensations, says Mr spices, chocolate misunderstood the use of egg white in Chow. If the ‘wine lick’ cannot be and cinnamon. the wine-making process, he explained formed on the glass, it means that the to his guest instead that the right way Taste wine’s flavour did not and will not come to drink wine was with an egg in the out, no matter how long it ages, due to Mr Chow explains that the most glass. He then promptly cracked and its high level of acidity. Colour is also important thing, when tasting, is to mixed two raw eggs into his glass of an important factor when tasting wine. make sure that acidity, astringency and wine and drank it up. Usually, when a red wine is young, fruitiness are balanced in wine. From it looks purplish, like a ruby. When it this, you can identify the wine once you The wine industry is divided ages, it turns into garnet, Ms Mack have enough experience. For instance, between the old and new worlds. Chablis has all the characteristics of In the old world, wine is based on adds. Hence, if you are unable to tell if geographical location (eg Chianti and a 1960 Bordeaux wine (which is quite the wine-producing Burgundy region in Barolo come from Italy; Bordeaux France. and Chablis are from France, Rioja is old) looks ruby or garnet, it is from Spain). New world wines such as probably faulty. Red wine must be drunk in a Alongside those from Australia and the US focus wider glass than white wine because on wine varieties in addition to the these three Smell it needs a larger surface area to location. develop its flavours. Sparkling wine senses, one’s “Nosing” is the pinnacle of must be drunk in flutes as bubbles personal feel wine appreciation, which is last longer in long-shaped glasses. for a wine why many pundits prefer The average Hong Kong matters too, sniffing wine rather than drinking resident consumes twice as argues Ms it, contends Mr Chow. Yet, detecting much wine as the average Mack, as it introduces an emotional the aromas in wine is the most difficult attachment to wine-tasting that is Japanese (2.4 litres per of- exercise. Ms Mack adds, “When we are unique only to you. age inhabitant per year) and young, we learn how to draw shapes Singaporean (2.2 litres per [and pick] colours but we do not [learn Conclusion year), and four times more than to] smell. Of course, we know what As the wine industry thrives in Hong the average mainlander (1.3 good and bad smells are but we cannot Kong, interest in the sommelier art is litres per year). Yet, it still has identify it.” growing too. For instance, as compared litres to go before competing Sniffing wine identifies the to the past, more and more know now with the 52 litres per year of characteristics of the grapes. Some that egg white is used to refine red wine the average French oenophiles! are aromatic and easy to detect. There - by stirring this into a barrel of wine,

www.hk-lawyer.org 85 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012

「但願長醉不願醒。 古來聖賢皆寂寞， 惟有飲者留其名。」—《將進酒》 這段節選的唐詩詮釋了幾個世紀以 來，酒文化一直是中國文化的一部 分。非常巧合地是，李白，這位影 響深遠且素有「酒仙」雅號的詩人 正是在一次宴會上留下此詩句。

作者 柳秋智 REUTERS/Claro Cortes Wine lovers try red wine during a Chateau Haut Brion wine-tasting event in Beijing 在北京Chateau Haut Brion的品酒會，葡萄酒愛好者嘗試紅酒期間 期五下午五時三十分，上環一座大 廈的電梯裏瀰漫著葡萄酒的香氣。 星 莊、王朝、長城和張裕。截然不同的是， 個「飲酒家庭」長大，曾經一天喝下一瓶 來到十五樓，亞洲侍酒及教育中心董事總 由於氣候並不適宜種植葡萄，香港並無生 半白蘭地。 經理Jennie Mack於上午十時便已開始在 產任何葡萄酒。這座城市供應的葡萄酒大 他繼續指出，西方犯下一個錯誤，便是將 品酒。 部分來自法國和英國等這些傳統的歐洲生 他們的佐餐技巧運用到菜饌繁多的亞洲食 Jennie Mack既是葡萄酒愛好者，同時身為 產國，以及美國和歐洲等新世界葡萄種植 物上。北京填鴨不一定配搭梅露(Merlot) 酒業從業員，她可謂是杯不離手。Mack女 者。儘管內地大量生產葡萄酒，但其在國 酒，而胸肉不一定配搭納帕谷赤霞珠 士肩負著向香港人和這座城市的外國人傳 際市場上的聲譽卻明顯不及其產量，因為 (Napa Valley Cabernet-Sauvignon)紅葡萄 授如何通過味覺和感官品味歡樂時光。她 絕大部分的中國葡萄酒均為內銷。內地對 酒。事實上，中國文化是一種分享不同菜 告訴Hong Kong Lawyer，「就一瞬間， 酒的口味也確實在轉變，對烈酒的喜好意 式的文化。因此，上菜並不會按照確切的 你會對嗅覺、感受充滿好奇，實際上你是 味著中國人偏愛紅葡萄酒勝過白葡萄酒， 順序。周先生說：「中國人總是混合各種 在品位人生。」帶著一臉不得不令人信服 原因是前者的酒精含量更高。香港專業品 味覺，[品嘗]形形色色的口感和風味」。 的表情，她接著解釋道：「葡萄酒本當充 酒師協會主席周國明先生解釋道，中國人 Mack女士說，這種「混合」味道通常被稱 滿樂趣、平易近人，而不是俗不可耐」。 似乎都偏愛重口味。 為繼「甜」、「酸」、「鹹」和「苦」之 蓬勃發展的行業 香港葡萄酒消耗量亦隨著貿易發展而攀 後的「第五種味道」，形容為「飽滿、豐 升。法國貿易組織國際葡萄酒及烈酒展覽 由於酒軼事與中國的歷史頗有淵源，中國 盈而複雜」。她稱之為「鮮味」（該詞來 會(Vinexpo)委託國際葡萄酒及烈酒研究 人普遍稱酒為「陳年老釀」。今天，葡萄 自日語うま味），並舉證海鮮、香菇、味 所(International Wine & Spirit Research)所 酒行業在香港和中國內地蓬勃發展。據香 噌湯、醬油和豆腐乳等亞洲食物中都存在 作的一項2012年調查顯示，香港人均葡 港貿易發展局（香港貿發局）2012年5月 這種鮮味。 萄酒消耗量冠絕亞洲地區。 的報告所載，2012年1月至3月，香港葡 她補充道：「鮮味」令葡萄酒干澀，特別提 萄酒出口總額達5.94億港元，總量達470 葡萄酒佐餐藝術 醒含有單寧的橡木葡萄酒應避免與這些味道 萬升，較2011年增長43.7%。中國內地的 銅鑼灣一家咖啡店播放著爵士音樂，周先 一起飲用。在葡萄酒的術語當中，單寧是 葡萄酒銷售則更令人刮目相看，在過去五 生提高嗓音，堅信葡萄酒與亞洲菜式和西 在葡萄皮、籽及梗中發現的一種天然有機合 年，銷售額每年增長143%，銷量每年提 方菜餚的搭配截然不同。西方觀點認為， 成物，讓葡萄酒有種澀澀的口感。但不用擔 升79%。2011年的數據分別為2,566億港 不同的菜式須配搭不同的葡萄酒，令兩者 心，因加鹽會減低「鮮味」，生蠔便可佐以 元和39億升。 味道相得益彰。例如，鵝肝配搭果味香甜 葡萄酒。Mack女士一邊解釋，一邊將葡萄 中國內地是全球第六大葡萄酒生產國。葡 而酸度高的葡萄酒。他半開玩笑地說：「 酒的佐餐比喻為一趟「旅程」。 萄酒生產發源地主要位於山東（煙台縣） 在西方，你吃自己碟中的食物就好，不用 為配搭葡萄酒和佳餚，需要仔細研究每道 、山西和西北地區的甘肅省以及寧夏地 跟其他人分享[美味]的牛排」。周先生品 菜式的特色。因廣東近南海，廣東人喜愛 區。地處西南的雲南是另一個葡萄酒生產 酒資歷深厚，日子有功，你應該相信他的 新鮮蔬菜和海鮮。於是，周先生建議進食 大省。受歡迎的中國葡萄酒包括怡園酒 專業知識。事實上，他解釋說，他是在一 生魚時飲用酸度高的葡萄酒。例如，鮮酸

86 www.hk-lawyer.org after work 工 餘 閒 情

的白蘇維翁(Sauvignon Blanc)應該是絕 辨識酒的品質或狀態。健康的葡萄酒是 歷程，將帶領你穿越不同層次。當你首次 配。滬菜濃油赤醬，使用大量糖、黃酒 清澈明亮的。Mack女士解釋說，如果出 旋晃玻璃杯打開香氣時，你會聞到一陣夾 和醋。為中和如此渾厚的味道，周先生 現渾濁（此乃一大瑕疵），可能是生產 雜著櫻桃、薄荷或胡椒粉的香氣。不久， 建議配搭含氧化物、更堅固、豐盈和結 商並未過濾，是不想去掉酒的風味。品 你便會聞到煙燻、菸草或咖啡味。最後， 構緊湊的葡萄酒。這些特質與滬菜中的 酒之人亦要觀察酒的黏稠度。品酒師旋 你會感受出各種香料、巧克力和肉桂的味 醬油特性配合得天衣無縫。川 晃酒杯，以觀察葡 道。 菜多用香草和香料，味厚，故 萄酒的「濃稠度」 儘管某些厚皮的葡萄品種生 嚐其味 周先生建議配搭酸度高的水果 產出深色的葡萄酒，並在嘴唇 。當酒精黏在玻璃 周先生解釋道，嚐味時，最重要的是確 味葡萄酒，而Mack女士特別推 和牙齒上留下印跡，但染色與 杯上時，便形成「 葡萄酒品質並無任何關聯。 保葡萄酒中的酸度、乾澀和水果味均衡和 介澳洲西拉(Shiraz) 或智利梅 掛杯」。「掛杯」 諧。藉此，你只要有足夠的經驗，便可識 露(Merlot)。 若是長、慢且厚， 別葡萄酒。例如，夏布利(Chablis)具有法 葡萄酒亦可作開胃酒飲用。例如，Mack 可能表示酒體重，從而帶來濃郁的口 國勃艮第(Burgundy)地區葡萄酒釀製的所 女士上個生日，曾開出一瓶罕有的奧地 感，周先生說。杯上若未形成「掛杯」 有特色。 利乾漿果佳釀(Trockenbeerenauslese) 。 ，意味著酒的風味並未亦將不會揮發出 Mack女士認為，除這三種感官外，個人 由於此酒味甜，她不得不細味啜飲。 來，而不論年限是否久遠，因為酒的酸 度高。顏色也是品酒的一項重要因素。 對葡萄酒的感覺亦值得一提，因對個人而 來，再來一杯 通常，紅酒愈年輕，看上去愈略帶紫 言獨一無二的品酒感受恰恰源自其對葡萄 由於香港被視為亞洲美食之都，食物種 色，像一塊紅寶石。成年後，則變為深 酒的情感依戀。 類應有盡有，葡萄酒愛好者應該知道在 紅色，Mack女士補充道。因此，如果你 進餐時如何轉換葡萄酒， 不能區分一瓶1960年波 結語 才不致於第二天會頭痛。 紅葡萄酒杯的杯口比白葡 爾多紅酒（年份非常老） 隨著香港葡萄酒行業的日趨繁盛，人們對 這主要是因為有些葡萄酒 萄酒杯更寬，因為紅葡萄酒需 看上去是寶石紅或深紅 品酒藝術的興趣愈來愈濃厚。例如，相比 要更大的空間揮發風味。氣泡 含有大量亞硫酸鹽。亞硫 過去，現在越來越多的人知道將蛋清攪 酒須用高腳杯，原因是氣泡在 色，表示可能是劣質的。 酸鹽是釀酒過程中加入的 長身的玻璃杯中更持久。 入一桶紅酒，即可達到淨化紅葡萄酒的效 聞其香 一種防腐劑，防止變質和 果。在這個過程中，蛋清扮演著磁鐵的角 氧化。這種物質也和偏頭痛有著一定的 「嗅聞」是葡萄酒鑒賞過 色，吸附沉澱物。 程中的塔尖，這就是許多專家更喜歡通過 關聯。周先生建議紅酒中的亞硫酸鹽不 然而，對即將成為葡萄酒鑒賞家者而言， 嗅聞而非嘗味來鑒賞葡萄酒的原因，周先 應該超過3.5克，紅酒、白蘭地和威士忌 專家認為謙遜是關鍵，分享以下一則逸聞 生解釋。然而，辨識葡萄酒的香氣是最難 等混合釀製的酒類品種同樣適用。 趣事以共勉： 的一環。Mack女士補充道：「年輕時， 釋放您的感官 我們學習如何畫形狀[和選]顏色，但是我 大概20年前，周先生在香港一間頂級的 Mack女士稍稍傾斜紅酒杯，留意觀察到 們無法[學習]嗅聞。當然，我們知道什麽 法國餐廳任職，他曾為兩位顧客開出一瓶 此杯酒風味雜陳。她邊品酒，邊暢說感 是好和不好的氣味，但是我們無法去識 價值47,000港元的葡萄酒陳釀。其中一 受：「非常複雜、不甜、酒體重。口感 別。」 位為這瓶昂貴紅酒付帳的顧客熱切地向賓 滑順，單寧柔和。含有大量的紅色和黑 客發表他對酒的高見。但是，他卻向賓客 嗅聞葡萄酒是辨識葡萄品質好壞的過 色果質和香料。當你抿一口酒，酒香在 解釋，飲紅酒的正確做法是在酒杯中打入 程。某些酒是芳香的，容易辨識。因 嘴裡迴蕩，餘味無窮。」「你可以感受 一隻雞蛋，完全誤解蛋清僅用於釀酒過 此，無需將你的鼻子貼到杯子裏面，這 到酒的餘韵。這款酒是多汁小牛肉或羊 程。說畢，他隨即將兩隻生雞蛋敲入酒杯 是你在品嘗單調或中性葡萄酒時所用的 羔的理想搭配。」Mack女士款款道來。 並攪拌，然後喝光。 方法。嗅聞佳釀是一次前所未有的冒險 要像Mack女士一樣深情款款地描述一款 香港居民平均消耗量較日本（成年 紅酒，必須掌握三個步驟：觀其色、聞 葡萄酒行業分為傳統世界和新世界。 其香、嚐其味。之後，嗅聞、旋晃、漱 傳統世界的葡萄酒主要以地理位置來區 居民每年2.4升）及新加坡（每年 2.2升）的平均消耗量高出一倍，是 口和咀嚼這些舉動便不再神秘不可言。 分，如意大利產的基安蒂(Chianti)和巴羅洛 (Barolo)；法國產的波爾多(Bordeaux)和夏 內地人均年消耗量1.3升的四倍多。 觀其色 布利(Chablis)；西班牙產的里奧哈(Rioja)。 然而，與嗜酒的法國人平均每年消 新世界的葡萄酒則來自澳洲和美國，除產地 耗52升相比，香港仍有增長空間。 觀色是品酒的第一步。通過觀色，可以 外，還注重葡萄酒的品種。

www.hk-lawyer.org 87 Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師 • NOVEMBER 2012 the last word 趣 味

Abercrombie and Fitch models “took over the gym!” 中健身房已被Abercrombie & Fitch的 The general populace has been left bemused - and a little breathless - at 模特兒「佔領」了 the Abercrombie and Fitch (“A&F”) global marketing campaign involving Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) 的全球市場推廣活動帶來 topless, well-chiseled male models greeting shoppers at their shops. 肌肉型男於其商店迎接顧客，相信普羅大眾離開商店 Visiting businessmen in a certain hotel were however, less than amused 時都會感到困惑，甚至有點喘不過氣來。 when they found the gym “invaded” by the same models were flown in to attend the brand’s Hong Kong store opening. “It was like a scene out 不過有些來訪香港的商人卻一點也不覺得有趣，因為 of 300,” one foreign lawyer told Hong Kong Lawyer, referring to the 2006 他們發現某酒店的健身房竟被同一群飛來香港出席該 movie about 300 soldiers from Sparta, each of whom resembled, well, an 品牌開幕活動的型男大舉「入侵」！有一位外來律師 A&F model. “Apart 告訴香港律師，情況就猶如2006年上映的電影「戰 from the fact that 狼300的場面一樣」，當中所描述的300個斯巴達戰 they took over all the machines, working 士簡直跟A&F的模特兒沒兩樣。「除了他們接管了所 out alongside them 有的機械之外，其實要跟他們一起健身實在使我心裡 made me feel really 感到不是味兒！」 bad!” Shoppers frolicking with A&F models on one of the brand’s global marketing campaigns 顧客與A&F的模特兒在該品牌的全球市場推廣活動中打鬧嬉戲

Innocence of Muslims producer arrested for 回教徒的無知的製片人因違反緩刑被捕 violating probation 據路透社報導，備受爭議的新反伊斯蘭電影回教徒的無 The producer of controversial new anti-Islam film Innocence of Muslims has 知的製片人因違反源自2010年的銀行欺詐定罪的感化條 been held without bond for violating the terms of his probation stemming 款，而被拘留並不予保釋。 from a 2010 bank fraud conviction, Reuters reported. Nakoula Basseley Nakoula在2010年被裁定四項銀行欺 Nakoula Basseley Nakoula was convicted on four counts of bank fraud and 詐和身份盜竊罪成，並被判在聯邦監獄服刑21個月。他 identity theft in 2010 and sentenced to serve 21 months in federal prison. 在2011年6月獲釋。他的感化條款禁止他於未經感化主 He was released in June, 2011. The terms of his probation banned him from 任批准下使用電腦或互聯網。 using computers or the Internet without the approval of a probation officer. 他在2012年9月27日（星期四）被逮捕，並在洛杉磯 He was arrested on Thursday, 27 September 2012 and appeared in a federal court in Los Angeles for a preliminary bail hearing, where Chief Magistrate 的聯邦法院就初步保釋聆訊應訊。首席地方法官Judge Judge Suzanne Segal decided to hold him in custody without bond. She said Suzanne Segal決定將他羈押不予保釋。她說「被告此時 there was a “lack of trust in the defendant at this time” and that he posed a 缺乏誠信」而且有潛逃的風險。據信他被逮捕是源於其 flight risk. It is believed the arrest stemmed from his controversial online film, 具爭議性的網上電影，該電影引發了中東地區猛烈的反 which has sparked violent anti-America protests in the Middle East. 美抗議。

Keeping chatty colleagues out of your office 如何把愛聊天的同事趕走？ We all get this more than once in a while – a talkative or needy 我們時而會遇到這樣的事情：一個愛說話或依賴性強的同事走 colleague walks in without asking looking simply to vent or chat or 進來，然後並沒有詢問過你便滔滔不絕的宣洩、聊天或把自己 dump their problems on you. This is fine most of the time but when one 的問題扔到你身上來。大多數時候這並沒有問題，可是當一個 is really swamped, or do not particularly like talking to certain people, 人已被工作淹沒、或不是特別喜歡某些人說話時，要趕走對方 turning away conversations is easier said than done for many, especially if one is not used to being brusque. Lawyers tell Hong Kong Lawyer what 實在不容易，尤其是當你從來也並非一個唐突的人。大家不妨 they do: 參考一下律師們告訴香港律師的辦法： - pretend to answer the phone - 假裝在接聽電話 - stare intensely at the monitor while typing hard and loudly - 牢牢盯著在顯示器上，使勁和大聲地打字 - appear distracted and say “What?” from time to time - 顯得心煩意亂並時不時說「什麼？」 - go to the toilet - 逃到洗手間去 - remain unresponsive and say nothing - 不反應亦不說話

88 www.hk-lawyer.org The Last Word 趣 味

German undertaker sues dominatrix for pain and 德國送葬者控告施虐者傷害及盜竊 theft 據路透社報導，柏林法院下令一名女性施虐者向當地的慈 A Berlin court has ordered a dominatrix to pay 200 euros (HK$2,005) 善機構支付200歐元（港幣2,005元），作為其客戶指控 to a local charity as a penance after a client accused her of hurting and 她傷害及搶劫他的補贖。科隆地區法院發言人Dirk Esser robbing him, Reuters reported. Cologne district court spokesman Dirk Esser said the plaintiff had accused the woman he hired for sex last month 表示，原告人指控他上月為性交而聘請的女子拿刀架著他 of holding a kitchen knife to his throat before demanding his debit card 的喉嚨，要求他交出扣帳卡和密碼。 and PIN number.

What do you do when an illegal immigrant 當非法移民通過了律師資格考試，那該怎 passes the bar exam? 麼辦？ This is the question facing Florida’s Supreme Court, which now has to 這正是佛羅里達州最高法院要面對的問題，該法院目前要 consider the implications of issuing a law license to an undocumented 考慮向一名非法移民兼法律學院畢業生發出律師執照所帶 immigrant and law school graduate who passed the Florida Bar exam, 來的影響。這名非法移民通過了佛羅里達州的律師考試， after disclosing he was in the United States illegally. 但被揭發他在美國是非法居留的。 The court grilled lawyers in proceedings on the peculiar case early last 據路透社報導，法院上月初對這案情奇特的訴訟中的律師 month, Reuters reported. As 26-year-old Jose Manuel Godinez-Samperio 作出拷問。當現年26歲墨西哥藉的Jose Manuel Godinez- of Mexico watched from the gallery, one judge accused the Florida Board of Bar Examiners of putting the state in an awkward situation. Samperio在法院席上觀看時，一名法官指責佛羅里達州的 律師資格考試委員會令國家陷入尷尬的局面。 “It seems very strange,” Justice R. Fred Lewis said in chastising the attorney for the board on why it allowed Godinez-Samperio to take the bar exam in 大法官R. Fred Lewis 說「這看起來非常奇怪」，他嚴厲斥 the first place if it was not prepared to admit him when he passed. 責委員會的代表律師─如果即使Godinez-Samperio通過考 “You bring a person to the edge and you push him off the cliff ... I’m just at 試，委員會亦不準備認許他的話，那為何委員會首先會允 a loss as to how the board put the state in this kind of position.” 許他參加律師資格考試？ 「你把一個人帶到邊緣並把他從懸崖推下去… 我只是就委 員會竟把國家弄到這樣的境況而感到困惑不解。」

Breach of trust in world’s smallest state 在世界上最小的國家違反誠信 The Vatican has certainly seen more sensational trials in its long history. 梵蒂岡在其漫長的歷史中肯定歷經過更轟動的審訊。宗教 The Inquisition ordered Galileo to recant his theory that the earth revolves 法庭下令伽利略宣布放棄他指地球圍繞著太陽公轉的理 around the sun, and philosopher Giordano Bruno was burned at the stake 論，及哲學家布魯諾因信仰異教而被處以火刑。 for heresy. 據路透社報導，即使該兩宗發生在17世紀的案件，均不 But even those cases, both in the 17th century, did not involve a breach 涉及羅馬教皇的助手違反誠信的問題。現年46歲Paolo of trust by a papal aide, Reuters reported. Paolo Gabriele, 46, Pope Benedict’s former butler who leaked sensitive Vatican documents, was Gabriele為教宗本篤十六世的前管家，他洩露敏感的梵蒂 last month convicted of aggravated theft and sentenced to 18 months 岡文件，於上月被裁定嚴重盜竊罪名成立，判處18個月 under house arrest. The pope, who reigns as a sovereign monarch in 軟禁。普遍預期作為主權君主統治梵蒂岡城的教宗會赦免 Vatican City, is widely expected to pardon Gabriele. Gabriele。 Gabriele said during the trial that he did not consider himself a thief but Gabriele在審訊過程中表示他並不認為自己是一個竊賊，而 leaked documents that alleged corruption in the Vatican out of what he 他洩露關於梵蒂岡涉嫌貪污的文件，乃出於他對教會和教 called a “visceral” love for the Church and the pope. 宗有他稱之為「內心深處」的愛。 However, Gabriele’s swift conviction by the court after only four sessions 然而，法院於僅僅四次開庭後便迅速把Gabriele定罪，令人 left lingering suspicions that he may have been a pawn in a much larger 懷疑他可能只是涉及教皇法庭內訌而更大的梵蒂岡陰謀下 Vatican intrigue involving infighting in the papal court. The documents he leaked constituted one of the biggest crises of Benedict’s papacy, 的一隻棋子。他洩露的文件對本篤十六世教皇世系構成其 embarrassing the Vatican as it struggled to overcome a string of child sex 中最大的危機之一，對努力克服一連串涉及神職人員的兒 abuse scandals involving clerics and mismanagement at its bank. 童性虐待醜聞和銀行的不善管理的梵蒂岡造成阻礙。

For full Reuters reports, please visit reuters.com 如欲查閱路透社的完整報導，請瀏覽reuters.com

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K your profession our passion Debt Capital Markets energy in-House Capital Markets (us) Hong Kong. 5 pQe+. Hong Kong. 3-5 pQe. Hong Kong. 6-8 pQe. Working within the busy, market leading One of the world’s largest international law A fund manager with a profound presence in financial markets team at this international firms is seeking an experienced lawyer to Hong Kong and internationally is seeking a law firm, you will focus on advising on a join its busy energy and projects group. You strong corporate finance lawyer who combines wide variety of financial markets products, will focus predominantly on energy deals local experience and commercial legal skills specialising in debt capital markets. To and projects in Greater China and provide with a high competency in respect to US (SEC) succeed, your experience comes from an advice to many of the firm’s regional and related legal matters. Their business covers international law firm, working on Chinese multinational energy clients. You must be PE and real estate funds, as well as property transactions, with a genuine focus on DCM. common law qualified and speak Mandarin development, so an exposure to the latter Fluency in Mandarin is essential. ref: 1028869 and English. ref: 1030207 would be ideal. Chinese and English proficiency is mandatory. ref: 1029968 M&a Legal Counsel (energy) Hong Kong. 3-6 pQe. Hong Kong. 5-8 pQe. senior Legal Counsel (Global Markets) Hong Kong. 10+ pQe. This global US law firm has an opening for A pan-Asian upstream oil and gas company a mid to senior M&A lawyer to join their is seeking a hands-on, mid-level corporate/ An international securities house, with China corporate practice. You will advise on commercial lawyer, for its Hong Kong tremendous reach in Greater China, a wide range of cross-border and domestic office, supporting global ventures. Excellent has created a new, senior position for a corporate deals, covering both inbound and Mandarin and English language skills, good derivatives and structured products-savvy outbound investment, for multi-nationals commercial and business acumen, a strong lawyer to help spearhead its offshore and based in Asia and around the globe. You knowledge of Hong Kong listings rules and cross border business. Product and service must have solid corporate law experience local PQE are required. Experience in the lines covered will include alternative (fund) and strong Mandarin skills. ref: 1028867 energy sector and/or transactional M&A skills investment, FI, equity derivatives and prime are an advantage. ref: 1028353 services. Regularity and compliance advisory shipping will be key to the role and individuals must Hong Kong. 2-8 pQe+. Legal Counsel (M&a) have ten or more years PQE including solid Hong Kong. 7+ pQe. A fantastic opportunity for an enthusiastic experience working in a financial institution and driven shipping lawyer exists to join A leading financial services company seeks an or regulatory body. ref: 1030131 this growing practice headed up by one of academically achieved, international firm- Contract Legal Counsel (financial services) the most prominent shipping partners in trained, transactional corporate M&A lawyer Hong Kong. 8-10 pQe. the market. You must have experience in a to join its APAC team. You must have honed variety of shipping litigation matters. As a cross-border M&A skills from a top firm. You Six months leave coverage is urgently sought senior level applicant, you have a significant will have demonstrable commercial aptitude by this global financial services provider. You client following/book of business. Chinese or experience as well as a solid work ethic, a will be immediately available and common language skills are preferable, but not willingness to get complex problems resolved law qualified, with strong commercial/ essential. ref: 1029358 and openness to reasonable but occasionally contracts experience in a comparable working hectic, deal-driven travel. ref: 1023747 environment. Ideally, you should have a handy insurance Litigation knowledge of complex financial products Hong Kong. 4-5 pQe. regional Legal Counsel (apaC) and contentious as well as non-contentious Hong Kong. 6+ pQe. An exciting opportunity exists to join a experience, particularly in relation to tier one insurance litigation practice at The regional office of a global employment law matters. ref: 1029481 this UK international law firm. You must insurance company has created have gained significant insurance litigation a new permanent position for an experience within a reputable practice and Asia-based life insurance lawyer. You be comfortable with business development will be common law qualified, with and client interaction. A strong command of experience as a commercial lawyer Mandarin/Cantonese would be preferable, in the insurance industry, particularly but not essential. ref: 1028418 with product related matters such as regulatory and compliance work and product release and development. Enthusiasm and business acumen, as well as excellent English and drafting skills are mandatory. ref: 1142057

for in-house opportunities contact Daryl Hodes at [email protected] or +852 2521 1460. for law firm opportunities contact Kirsty Galbraith at [email protected] or +852 2521 1460. unit 5805-07, 58/f, The Center, 99 Queen’s road Central, Hong Kong hays.com.hk Hayden Gordine Manager For these and hundreds of the Hong Kong very best global legal opportunities visit taylorroot.com taylorroot.com

In-House Commerce & Industry Roles Corporate Counsel Hong Kong IP/Commercial Counsel Hong Kong Shipping Shanghai Leading conglomerate is now seeking a Hong Renowned fashion house is currently looking US shipping company seeks a legal counsel Kong qualifi ed lawyer to join its team. You for someone with broad IP legal experience to to assist in a range of legal affairs within the will be advising management on all corporate join its growing legal team. Candidates with company. Candidates must be PRC-qualifi ed, transactions and compliance matters. You must good corporate/commercial experience will also with shipping (contentious/non-contentious) be fl uent in Mandarin and familiar with Hong be considered. You should be willing to travel. and international trade experience gained in US Kong listing rules. Ref: 187470. 6+ years Ref: 187020. 5-10+ years or other MNCs in China. Ref: 187960. 5-8 years Compliance Counsel Hong Kong Insurance Shanghai US Conglomerate Beijing Expect professional advice US MNC now seeks a compliance counsel to A leading global insurance company is seeking a Great opportunity to join a NASDAQ listed assist in all compliance matters relating to HK, US legal counsel to handle all legal and compliance company as its legal and compliance counsel for and other regions. Candidates must have a solid matters. You must be a PRC lawyer with a strong APAC. You will be the sole counsel responsible corporate fi nance background and knowledge of corporate/commercial background. Experience for legal and commercial matters, managing the from real professionals HK compliance work. Strong Chinese skills are from the insurance industry is preferred, while regional compliance program. Good remuneration essential. Ref: 187620. 4-8 years great prospects are on offer. Ref: 186350. 8+ years is on offer. Ref: 187730. 10+ years

At Taylor Root, most of our consultants have trained and practiced as lawyers. That’s why In-House Financial Services Roles they’re well qualifi ed to advise you on your next career move. And it’s one of the reasons we’ve been the market leader in legal recruitment for more than 13 years in Asia. Taylor Investment Banking Hong Kong Equity Capital Markets Hong Kong Employment Hong Kong Root has dedicated consultants in Hong Kong and Singapore focusing on the Banking & Investment brokerage fi rm seeks a Mandarin Leading global investment bank is seeking an Top-tier investment bank seeks an employment Finance and Commerce & Industry legal sectors and the Compliance market. For more speaking lawyer to support a small IB business experienced equity capital markets/corporate lawyer to join its busy APAC team in a hybrid team. Focusing largely on underwriting and lawyer to move into a business advisory role. legal, human resources capacity. You will information, contact us on or visit our website +852 2973 633 taylorroot.com fi nancial advisory services to enterprises with Supporting business teams offering solutions be advising managers, key stakeholders IPO M&A & corporate bonds transactions. HK IPO around equity capital raisings to corporate and the bank’s employees in regards to all experience and HK admission is essential. Ref: clients in the North East. Excellent remuneration aspects of the employment relationship. 187910. 5-7+ years potential. Ref: 187371. 5+ years Ref: 187630. 5+ years Structured Products Hong Kong Banking Hong Kong Compliance Hong Kong Bulge bracket investment bank seeks a lawyer Renowned investment bank seeks a Mandarin Hong Kong investment bank seeks a compliance to focus on structured products, equities/fund speaking lawyer to assist a legal counsel providing offi cer to oversee compliance matters for the derivatives and structured funds. Ideal for candidates support to its investment banking division. company. Applicants should have solid experience with broad derivatives experience and funds Applicants should be Hong Kong qualifi ed and in fi xed income compliance and hands-on exposure. An excellent working environment with have some knowledge or experience with HK knowledge of fi xed income products. Mandarin plenty of support. Ref: 187910. 3-7 years IPOs. Ref: 187801. NQ-2+ years language is essential. Ref: 187811. 5+ years

To discuss any of these roles, call Hayden Gordine on +852 2973 6333 or email [email protected]

Please note our advertisements use PQE purely as a guide. We are happy to consider applications from all candidates who are able to demonstrate the skills necessary to fulfi l the role.

THE SR GROUP . BREWER MORRIS . CARTER MURRAY . FRAZER JONES . SR SEARCH . TAYLOR ROOT LONDON . DUBAI . HONG KONG . SINGAPORE . SYDNEY . MELBOURNE

037296-280x420-HKlawyer.indd 1-2 24/10/2012 16:25 Hayden Gordine Manager For these and hundreds of the Hong Kong very best global legal opportunities visit taylorroot.com taylorroot.com

In-House Commerce & Industry Roles Corporate Counsel Hong Kong IP/Commercial Counsel Hong Kong Shipping Shanghai Leading conglomerate is now seeking a Hong Renowned fashion house is currently looking US shipping company seeks a legal counsel Kong qualifi ed lawyer to join its team. You for someone with broad IP legal experience to to assist in a range of legal affairs within the will be advising management on all corporate join its growing legal team. Candidates with company. Candidates must be PRC-qualifi ed, transactions and compliance matters. You must good corporate/commercial experience will also with shipping (contentious/non-contentious) be fl uent in Mandarin and familiar with Hong be considered. You should be willing to travel. and international trade experience gained in US Kong listing rules. Ref: 187470. 6+ years Ref: 187020. 5-10+ years or other MNCs in China. Ref: 187960. 5-8 years Compliance Counsel Hong Kong Insurance Shanghai US Conglomerate Beijing Expect professional advice US MNC now seeks a compliance counsel to A leading global insurance company is seeking a Great opportunity to join a NASDAQ listed assist in all compliance matters relating to HK, US legal counsel to handle all legal and compliance company as its legal and compliance counsel for and other regions. Candidates must have a solid matters. You must be a PRC lawyer with a strong APAC. You will be the sole counsel responsible corporate fi nance background and knowledge of corporate/commercial background. Experience for legal and commercial matters, managing the from real professionals HK compliance work. Strong Chinese skills are from the insurance industry is preferred, while regional compliance program. Good remuneration essential. Ref: 187620. 4-8 years great prospects are on offer. Ref: 186350. 8+ years is on offer. Ref: 187730. 10+ years

At Taylor Root, most of our consultants have trained and practiced as lawyers. That’s why In-House Financial Services Roles they’re well qualifi ed to advise you on your next career move. And it’s one of the reasons we’ve been the market leader in legal recruitment for more than 13 years in Asia. Taylor Investment Banking Hong Kong Equity Capital Markets Hong Kong Employment Hong Kong Root has dedicated consultants in Hong Kong and Singapore focusing on the Banking & Investment brokerage fi rm seeks a Mandarin Leading global investment bank is seeking an Top-tier investment bank seeks an employment Finance and Commerce & Industry legal sectors and the Compliance market. For more speaking lawyer to support a small IB business experienced equity capital markets/corporate lawyer to join its busy APAC team in a hybrid team. Focusing largely on underwriting and lawyer to move into a business advisory role. legal, human resources capacity. You will information, contact us on or visit our website +852 2973 633 taylorroot.com fi nancial advisory services to enterprises with Supporting business teams offering solutions be advising managers, key stakeholders IPO M&A & corporate bonds transactions. HK IPO around equity capital raisings to corporate and the bank’s employees in regards to all experience and HK admission is essential. Ref: clients in the North East. Excellent remuneration aspects of the employment relationship. 187910. 5-7+ years potential. Ref: 187371. 5+ years Ref: 187630. 5+ years Structured Products Hong Kong Banking Hong Kong Compliance Hong Kong Bulge bracket investment bank seeks a lawyer Renowned investment bank seeks a Mandarin Hong Kong investment bank seeks a compliance to focus on structured products, equities/fund speaking lawyer to assist a legal counsel providing offi cer to oversee compliance matters for the derivatives and structured funds. Ideal for candidates support to its investment banking division. company. Applicants should have solid experience with broad derivatives experience and funds Applicants should be Hong Kong qualifi ed and in fi xed income compliance and hands-on exposure. An excellent working environment with have some knowledge or experience with HK knowledge of fi xed income products. Mandarin plenty of support. Ref: 187910. 3-7 years IPOs. Ref: 187801. NQ-2+ years language is essential. Ref: 187811. 5+ years

To discuss any of these roles, call Hayden Gordine on +852 2973 6333 or email [email protected]

Please note our advertisements use PQE purely as a guide. We are happy to consider applications from all candidates who are able to demonstrate the skills necessary to fulfi l the role.

THE SR GROUP . BREWER MORRIS . CARTER MURRAY . FRAZER JONES . SR SEARCH . TAYLOR ROOT LONDON . DUBAI . HONG KONG . SINGAPORE . SYDNEY . MELBOURNE

037296-280x420-HKlawyer.indd 1-2 24/10/2012 16:25 www.michaelpage.com.cn www.michaelpage.com.hk Global Network. Local Expertise.

With 164 offices in 34 countries, we have the resources and expertise to help you take the next step in your legal career.

Opportunities in Hong Kong Opportunities in Shanghai

US Securities Associate Legal Counsel Private Equity Lawyer Funds Lawyer US Law Firm 3+ Years PQE Reputable Private Bank 4-6 Years PQE Leading Financial Institution 3–7 Years PQE Boutique PE Fund 4-6 Years PQE A leading international US firm requires a Securities Associate to join Our client is a sizable private bank with offices around the globe, Reporting to the Head of Legal and working in a team of 5 lawyers, A leading and innovative private equity fund is looking for a mid to the U.S. Corporate and Capital Markets group in Hong Kong. The ideal currently seeking a Legal Counsel to join their group. Based in Hong you will handle a full range of private equity and direct investment senior level fund lawyer to join their Shanghai investment team. You candidate will have a minimum of 3 years relevant experience, including Kong, you will work closely with existing lawyers in the team, to prepare work. You will work with various businesses including assisting the will work closely with the investment partners on a wide range of cross-border mergers and acquisitions, private equity investments and and review a full range of legal documents. You should have 4 to 6 direct investment team in reviewing term sheets, advising compliance investment deals from negotiation, transaction documents preparation, compliance for Asia-based companies. Having trained and currently years’ post qualification experience gained in commercial banking team in SFC consultations and ensuring all business activities are in to the management of external counsels. The ideal candidate should working at a leading U.S. law firm, the successful candidate should be and qualified in common law. You must be familiar with the Banking compliance with local laws. You should have at least 3 years’ post have at least 4 years’ legal practice experience gained in reputable law U.S. qualified with excellent technical skills. The candidate must be a Ordinance, SFO and related regulatory requirements by the HKMA and qualification experience private equity lawyer qualified in Hong Kong, firms in China. Fluency in both Mandarin and English languages are Mandarin speaking native and have a high level of fluency in written SFC. Fluency in both English and Chinese including Mandarin language with fluency in business English and Chinese languages. highly preferred. Admission to the PRC Bar is an advantage. and spoken English language. skills are required. Ref: H1500570 Ref: H1495730 Ref: H1497880 Ref: H1465450

Corporate Associate Commercial Litigation Lawyer Regulatory & Employment Litigator Legal Director International Law Firm 3-5 Years PQE Global Law Firm 1-3 Years PQE Top Tier Global Bank 3-8 Years PQE Commercial Property Developer 10+ Years PQE Based in Hong Kong, this international firm is looking for a Corporate An excellent opportunity to join a reputable practice, with a focus Reporting to the Head of Litigation and working in a team of 5, you Our client is one of the leading commercial property developers in Lawyer to join their expanding team. The role includes a mixture on commercial and civil litigation matters. As an Associate with this will conduct investigations and inquiries into regulatory issues in Asia. In this role, you will report directly to the Head of Legal in Hong of transactional corporate finance work such as acquisitions and prestigious, international law firm, you will play an active part in connection with APAC businesses and provide legal colleagues in other Kong, and your major responsibilities include drafting/ reviewing disposals, financing and refinancing, general commercial work including complex litigation and arbitration matters including debt recovery, regions with local assistance in connection to foreign litigation. You legal documents, providing professional advice and legal consultancy service level, agency and distributorship agreements. The successful employment disputes, on top of other commercial disputes. Candidates will also advise on swaps and credit derivatives documentation and services to other departments, and ensuring all activities align with candidate should have a minimum of 3 years’ post qualification should be Hong Kong qualified, and have between 3 to 5 years’ related disputes. The ideal candidate should possess at least 3 years’ post local compliance requirements. You should be a qualified lawyer with experience gained in an international law firm, and is familiar with HK post qualification experience working in an international firm. Good qualification experience, gained in both areas of regulatory litigation at least 10 years’ experience in commercial or corporate law. Fluency listing rules and related local regulatory guidelines. Excellent Chinese English language skills are essential, whilst a good command of spoken and employment law. Whilst Chinese language skills are preferred, it is in English and Mandarin languages (both written and spoken) are and English language skills are both required. Cantonese and Mandarin languages would be an advantage. not mandatory. essential. This position is based in Shanghai. Ref: H1418470 Ref: H1371100 Ref: H1496590 Ref: H1411130

M&A Lawyer Legal Counsel Regional Counsel China Counsel Prominent Internet-based Business 4-6 Years PQE Private Equity Investment Group 6-8 Years PQE Healthcare & Pharmaceutical Leader 10+ Years PQE US MNC 10+ Years PQE An exciting opportunity for an M&A lawyer to join a sizable legal team. A newly created position has arisen for an experienced corporate In this newly created role, you will provide a full range of commercial, This is a newly created in-house lawyer position in Shanghai. Due to You will support the corporate legal team on corporate and commercial lawyer to join an investment group with nearly US$2 billion in market compliance and corporate legal services covering the APAC region. the company’s success and expansion across the Asian markets, they matters, including drafting, reviewing and negotiating of commercial value. Working independently, you will be responsible for all SEC You will draft, advise and negotiate agreements such as distribution, are currently seeking an in-house lawyer. Reporting to the General agreements, preparing board, shareholders and committee resolutions. queries, maintaining the registrations, ensuring compliance with the consultancy, clinical trials and other healthcare business related Counsel in the United States, you will be responsible for drafting You must be familiar with handling corporate transactions such as SEC requirements and relevant statutory requirements. The successful agreements. Overseeing FCPA and related compliance matters, you will and negotiating a range of commercial documents, overseeing FCPA private equity, venture capital, as well as merger and acquisitions. candidate will have 6 to 8 years’ post qualification experience gained assist in the implementation and training of the compliance program. compliance work, and providing legal advice to internal business units. The successful candidate should have 4 to 6 years’ post qualification in the corporate practice from international law firms or financial The candidate should have at least 10 years’ post qualification The successful candidate should be a commercially savvy individual experience gained in the corporate practice from international law firms institutions. In addition, the candidate should be familiar with corporate experience with strong in-house exposure having taken on a well with experience in handling corporate and general commercial work. or prominent local firms. Excellent communication skills in both English finance deals and possesses strong knowledge of SEC compliance. rounded role, ideally with APAC exposure. Both English and Chinese Fluency in both English and Mandarin languages are required. and Mandarin are mandatory. Excellent communication skills in both English and Chinese languages, languages are required. Ref: H1478630 Ref: H1404420 including Mandarin are required. Ref: H1497900

#13503 Ref: H1493540

To apply for any of the above positions, please go to www.michaelpage.com.hk/apply or www.michaelpage.com.cn/apply quoting the relevant reference number. To discuss other Private Practice, Financial Services or In-House opportunities, please contact: Olga Yung, Senior Manager of Legal Division (Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Guangzhou) on +852 2848 4791 Janet Chan, Manager of Legal Division (Beijing & Shanghai) on +86 21 6122 2633 Diana Low, Director of Legal Division (Singapore) on +65 6416 9410 Specialists in legal recruitment Legal www.michaelpage.com.hk

13503.PRINT.indd All Pages 19/10/2012 11:42:46 AM www.michaelpage.com.cn www.michaelpage.com.hk Global Network. Local Expertise.

With 164 offices in 34 countries, we have the resources and expertise to help you take the next step in your legal career.

Opportunities in Hong Kong Opportunities in Shanghai

US Securities Associate Legal Counsel Private Equity Lawyer Funds Lawyer US Law Firm 3+ Years PQE Reputable Private Bank 4-6 Years PQE Leading Financial Institution 3–7 Years PQE Boutique PE Fund 4-6 Years PQE A leading international US firm requires a Securities Associate to join Our client is a sizable private bank with offices around the globe, Reporting to the Head of Legal and working in a team of 5 lawyers, A leading and innovative private equity fund is looking for a mid to the U.S. Corporate and Capital Markets group in Hong Kong. The ideal currently seeking a Legal Counsel to join their group. Based in Hong you will handle a full range of private equity and direct investment senior level fund lawyer to join their Shanghai investment team. You candidate will have a minimum of 3 years relevant experience, including Kong, you will work closely with existing lawyers in the team, to prepare work. You will work with various businesses including assisting the will work closely with the investment partners on a wide range of cross-border mergers and acquisitions, private equity investments and and review a full range of legal documents. You should have 4 to 6 direct investment team in reviewing term sheets, advising compliance investment deals from negotiation, transaction documents preparation, compliance for Asia-based companies. Having trained and currently years’ post qualification experience gained in commercial banking team in SFC consultations and ensuring all business activities are in to the management of external counsels. The ideal candidate should working at a leading U.S. law firm, the successful candidate should be and qualified in common law. You must be familiar with the Banking compliance with local laws. You should have at least 3 years’ post have at least 4 years’ legal practice experience gained in reputable law U.S. qualified with excellent technical skills. The candidate must be a Ordinance, SFO and related regulatory requirements by the HKMA and qualification experience private equity lawyer qualified in Hong Kong, firms in China. Fluency in both Mandarin and English languages are Mandarin speaking native and have a high level of fluency in written SFC. Fluency in both English and Chinese including Mandarin language with fluency in business English and Chinese languages. highly preferred. Admission to the PRC Bar is an advantage. and spoken English language. skills are required. Ref: H1500570 Ref: H1495730 Ref: H1497880 Ref: H1465450

Corporate Associate Commercial Litigation Lawyer Regulatory & Employment Litigator Legal Director International Law Firm 3-5 Years PQE Global Law Firm 1-3 Years PQE Top Tier Global Bank 3-8 Years PQE Commercial Property Developer 10+ Years PQE Based in Hong Kong, this international firm is looking for a Corporate An excellent opportunity to join a reputable practice, with a focus Reporting to the Head of Litigation and working in a team of 5, you Our client is one of the leading commercial property developers in Lawyer to join their expanding team. The role includes a mixture on commercial and civil litigation matters. As an Associate with this will conduct investigations and inquiries into regulatory issues in Asia. In this role, you will report directly to the Head of Legal in Hong of transactional corporate finance work such as acquisitions and prestigious, international law firm, you will play an active part in connection with APAC businesses and provide legal colleagues in other Kong, and your major responsibilities include drafting/ reviewing disposals, financing and refinancing, general commercial work including complex litigation and arbitration matters including debt recovery, regions with local assistance in connection to foreign litigation. You legal documents, providing professional advice and legal consultancy service level, agency and distributorship agreements. The successful employment disputes, on top of other commercial disputes. Candidates will also advise on swaps and credit derivatives documentation and services to other departments, and ensuring all activities align with candidate should have a minimum of 3 years’ post qualification should be Hong Kong qualified, and have between 3 to 5 years’ related disputes. The ideal candidate should possess at least 3 years’ post local compliance requirements. You should be a qualified lawyer with experience gained in an international law firm, and is familiar with HK post qualification experience working in an international firm. Good qualification experience, gained in both areas of regulatory litigation at least 10 years’ experience in commercial or corporate law. Fluency listing rules and related local regulatory guidelines. Excellent Chinese English language skills are essential, whilst a good command of spoken and employment law. Whilst Chinese language skills are preferred, it is in English and Mandarin languages (both written and spoken) are and English language skills are both required. Cantonese and Mandarin languages would be an advantage. not mandatory. essential. This position is based in Shanghai. Ref: H1418470 Ref: H1371100 Ref: H1496590 Ref: H1411130

M&A Lawyer Legal Counsel Regional Counsel China Counsel Prominent Internet-based Business 4-6 Years PQE Private Equity Investment Group 6-8 Years PQE Healthcare & Pharmaceutical Leader 10+ Years PQE US MNC 10+ Years PQE An exciting opportunity for an M&A lawyer to join a sizable legal team. A newly created position has arisen for an experienced corporate In this newly created role, you will provide a full range of commercial, This is a newly created in-house lawyer position in Shanghai. Due to You will support the corporate legal team on corporate and commercial lawyer to join an investment group with nearly US$2 billion in market compliance and corporate legal services covering the APAC region. the company’s success and expansion across the Asian markets, they matters, including drafting, reviewing and negotiating of commercial value. Working independently, you will be responsible for all SEC You will draft, advise and negotiate agreements such as distribution, are currently seeking an in-house lawyer. Reporting to the General agreements, preparing board, shareholders and committee resolutions. queries, maintaining the registrations, ensuring compliance with the consultancy, clinical trials and other healthcare business related Counsel in the United States, you will be responsible for drafting You must be familiar with handling corporate transactions such as SEC requirements and relevant statutory requirements. The successful agreements. Overseeing FCPA and related compliance matters, you will and negotiating a range of commercial documents, overseeing FCPA private equity, venture capital, as well as merger and acquisitions. candidate will have 6 to 8 years’ post qualification experience gained assist in the implementation and training of the compliance program. compliance work, and providing legal advice to internal business units. The successful candidate should have 4 to 6 years’ post qualification in the corporate practice from international law firms or financial The candidate should have at least 10 years’ post qualification The successful candidate should be a commercially savvy individual experience gained in the corporate practice from international law firms institutions. In addition, the candidate should be familiar with corporate experience with strong in-house exposure having taken on a well with experience in handling corporate and general commercial work. or prominent local firms. Excellent communication skills in both English finance deals and possesses strong knowledge of SEC compliance. rounded role, ideally with APAC exposure. Both English and Chinese Fluency in both English and Mandarin languages are required. and Mandarin are mandatory. Excellent communication skills in both English and Chinese languages, languages are required. Ref: H1478630 Ref: H1404420 including Mandarin are required. Ref: H1497900

#13503 Ref: H1493540

To apply for any of the above positions, please go to www.michaelpage.com.hk/apply or www.michaelpage.com.cn/apply quoting the relevant reference number. To discuss other Private Practice, Financial Services or In-House opportunities, please contact: Olga Yung, Senior Manager of Legal Division (Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Guangzhou) on +852 2848 4791 Janet Chan, Manager of Legal Division (Beijing & Shanghai) on +86 21 6122 2633 Diana Low, Director of Legal Division (Singapore) on +65 6416 9410 Specialists in legal recruitment Legal www.michaelpage.com.hk

13503.PRINT.indd All Pages 19/10/2012 11:42:46 AM Hong Kong • Singapore • Beijing • Shanghai • UAE

Private Practice In-House

CORPORATE Hong Kong Consultant/Partner WEALTH MANAGEMENT Singapore Head of Legal

Excellent platform for a senior consultant/partner to join a well-known city Our client is a global full service bank with a strong foothold in the Asia Pac firm. This role would be ideal for someone who has strong contacts and is wealth management market. With a regional office in Singapore they now looking to grow their book of business with a full-serviced firm’s support. seek to appoint a senior lawyer to work closely with the business as Competitive package with great career prospects. (HKL 8749) Singapore’s Head of Legal. You must be able to demonstrate significant and broad wealth management experience. (HKL 8755) CORPORATE Singapore 6-10 PQE SENIOR LEGAL COUNSEL Shanghai 8+ PQE Well known international law firm is expanding its Singapore corporate practice and is looking to hire a senior associate from a top tier firm to handle A global FMCG giant seeking a Senior Legal Counsel to lead the legal efforts a range of M&A and corporate work. Lawyers in Hong Kong looking to for a major part of the group. Reporting directly to the business unit head, this transfer will be considered. (HKL 8762) role will manage all legal issues, covering both manufacturing and commercial business and requires a lawyer with extensive experience from the FMCG or BANKING Beijing 5-8 PQE manufacturing industries. (HKL 8647)

This Top 20 global law firm has an opportunity for a mid- to senior banking & FUNDS LAWYER Singapore 7+ PQE finance lawyer to play a key role in the firm's well established banking practice. Experience in project finance would also be helpful. Mandarin skills Newly created role with a US investment management group for a regional are required for this position. (HKL 8362) counsel. Ideal candidate will be a funds lawyer in private practice or an in-house lawyer with an investment management business. (HKL 8759) M&A / ENERGY Hong Kong 3-5 PQE HEDGE FUND Hong Kong 5-10 PQE This highly successful practice is looking for an additional associate to join their Hong Kong based energy team. You will have a minimum of 3 years post A leading hedge fund is seeking an experienced legal counsel to support the qualification experience gained in a top-tier energy or projects practice. business on various legal, regulatory and compliance issues. Candidates will Business level Mandarin and fluent written Chinese essential for be business orientated and have experience in the hedge fund/asset consideration. (HKL 8752) management space. Law firm and in-house candidates will be considered. (HKL 8734)

LITIGATION Hong Kong 2-6 PQE GLOBAL MARKETS Hong Kong 5+ PQE

Dynamic and collegiate international disputes practice seeks an ambitious Attractive opportunity to support the global markets platform of an associate to join their growing practice. Chance to gain excellent exposure to international investment bank. This is a diverse, business orientated role that high profile deals within a close knit team. Work will focus on financial will primarily advise on Fixed Income, FX and Commodities but will also services and regulatory cases. Excellent career progression and competitive include some coverage of Equity products. (HKL 8693) remuneration on offer. (HKL 8633) COMMERCIAL COUNSEL Hong Kong 3-5 PQE PRIVATE EQUITY Hong Kong 2-5 PQE Opportunity for a mid-level corporate/commercial lawyer to join this International firm with leading private equity practice seeks a mid-level M&A well-known and highly regarded professional services firm. The role will be specialist with fluent Mandarin. Opportunity to work with one of the leading primarily focused on commercial contracts, engagement related matters, and private equity firms on high quality deals spanning the region. New York rates general corporate transactions, supporting the business from both a legal and plus COLA on offer. (HKL 8764) commercial perspective. (HKL 8577)

CORPORATE Hong Kong 2-5 PQE PART TIME – CORPORATE/COMMERCIAL Hong Kong 3+ PQE

Premier US firm is looking for a mid-level lawyer with private equity This retail holding company is looking to appoint a mid-level lawyer, initially experience to join its prestigious team. Attractive opportunity to work with a on a part-time basis. The role will involve a range of corporate, commercial group of key players in the market and learn from the best. Mandarin skills matters, listed compliance and general legal support. Strong drafting skills and preferred. (HKL 8764) the ability to work with some degree of independence is required. (HKL 8779)

ese are a small selection of our current vacancies. If you require further details or wish to have a condential discussion about your career, market trends, or would like salary information, then please contact one of the following consultants in Hong Kong: Andrew Skinner, Jennifer Donnelly, Michael Godby, Natalie Wong or Nisha Chugh.

Hong Kong Singapore Beijing Shanghai UAE (852) 2920 9100 (65) 6557 4163 (86) 10 6567 8728 (86) 21 6372 1058 (971) 2412 4132 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Hong Kong • Singapore • Beijing • Shanghai • UAE

Private Practice In-House

CORPORATE Hong Kong Consultant/Partner WEALTH MANAGEMENT Singapore Head of Legal

Excellent platform for a senior consultant/partner to join a well-known city Our client is a global full service bank with a strong foothold in the Asia Pac firm. This role would be ideal for someone who has strong contacts and is wealth management market. With a regional office in Singapore they now looking to grow their book of business with a full-serviced firm’s support. seek to appoint a senior lawyer to work closely with the business as Competitive package with great career prospects. (HKL 8749) Singapore’s Head of Legal. You must be able to demonstrate significant and broad wealth management experience. (HKL 8755) CORPORATE Singapore 6-10 PQE SENIOR LEGAL COUNSEL Shanghai 8+ PQE Well known international law firm is expanding its Singapore corporate practice and is looking to hire a senior associate from a top tier firm to handle A global FMCG giant seeking a Senior Legal Counsel to lead the legal efforts a range of M&A and corporate work. Lawyers in Hong Kong looking to for a major part of the group. Reporting directly to the business unit head, this transfer will be considered. (HKL 8762) role will manage all legal issues, covering both manufacturing and commercial business and requires a lawyer with extensive experience from the FMCG or BANKING Beijing 5-8 PQE manufacturing industries. (HKL 8647)

This Top 20 global law firm has an opportunity for a mid- to senior banking & FUNDS LAWYER Singapore 7+ PQE finance lawyer to play a key role in the firm's well established banking practice. Experience in project finance would also be helpful. Mandarin skills Newly created role with a US investment management group for a regional are required for this position. (HKL 8362) counsel. Ideal candidate will be a funds lawyer in private practice or an in-house lawyer with an investment management business. (HKL 8759) M&A / ENERGY Hong Kong 3-5 PQE HEDGE FUND Hong Kong 5-10 PQE This highly successful practice is looking for an additional associate to join their Hong Kong based energy team. You will have a minimum of 3 years post A leading hedge fund is seeking an experienced legal counsel to support the qualification experience gained in a top-tier energy or projects practice. business on various legal, regulatory and compliance issues. Candidates will Business level Mandarin and fluent written Chinese essential for be business orientated and have experience in the hedge fund/asset consideration. (HKL 8752) management space. Law firm and in-house candidates will be considered. (HKL 8734)

LITIGATION Hong Kong 2-6 PQE GLOBAL MARKETS Hong Kong 5+ PQE

Dynamic and collegiate international disputes practice seeks an ambitious Attractive opportunity to support the global markets platform of an associate to join their growing practice. Chance to gain excellent exposure to international investment bank. This is a diverse, business orientated role that high profile deals within a close knit team. Work will focus on financial will primarily advise on Fixed Income, FX and Commodities but will also services and regulatory cases. Excellent career progression and competitive include some coverage of Equity products. (HKL 8693) remuneration on offer. (HKL 8633) COMMERCIAL COUNSEL Hong Kong 3-5 PQE PRIVATE EQUITY Hong Kong 2-5 PQE Opportunity for a mid-level corporate/commercial lawyer to join this International firm with leading private equity practice seeks a mid-level M&A well-known and highly regarded professional services firm. The role will be specialist with fluent Mandarin. Opportunity to work with one of the leading primarily focused on commercial contracts, engagement related matters, and private equity firms on high quality deals spanning the region. New York rates general corporate transactions, supporting the business from both a legal and plus COLA on offer. (HKL 8764) commercial perspective. (HKL 8577)

CORPORATE Hong Kong 2-5 PQE PART TIME – CORPORATE/COMMERCIAL Hong Kong 3+ PQE

Premier US firm is looking for a mid-level lawyer with private equity This retail holding company is looking to appoint a mid-level lawyer, initially experience to join its prestigious team. Attractive opportunity to work with a on a part-time basis. The role will involve a range of corporate, commercial group of key players in the market and learn from the best. Mandarin skills matters, listed compliance and general legal support. Strong drafting skills and preferred. (HKL 8764) the ability to work with some degree of independence is required. (HKL 8779)

ese are a small selection of our current vacancies. If you require further details or wish to have a condential discussion about your career, market trends, or would like salary information, then please contact one of the following consultants in Hong Kong: Andrew Skinner, Jennifer Donnelly, Michael Godby, Natalie Wong or Nisha Chugh.

Hong Kong Singapore Beijing Shanghai UAE (852) 2920 9100 (65) 6557 4163 (86) 10 6567 8728 (86) 21 6372 1058 (971) 2412 4132 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Dedicated to providing legal recruitment solutions at all levels, tailor-made for you. Below are examples of current vacancies. To view more career opportunities at all levels, please visit our website www.staranise.com.hk or contact us on [email protected].

Funds Lawyer Litigation Partner Hedge Fund International Law Firm 8+ Years PQE Excellent Prospects

An experienced funds lawyer is sought to advise senior management on This international rising star in the Asia market is hiring an ambitious rainmaking investment management and custodian agreements, ISDA related litigation partner to complement its successful disputes practice in Hong Kong. matters as well as prospectuses and management account mandates. Ideally you should be Hong Kong qualified with strong Chinese language skills, Candidates should be qualified in a common law jurisdiction with with a strong portable business and a passion for business development and international funds regulatory exposure. Excellent communication skills client relationship management. A solid PRC disputes practice would be an and fluency in English are required. Ref: 500436 asset. Excellent prospects await the successful candidate. Ref: 500418

Regional Legal & Compliance Counsel Banking and Finance Associate Multi-national Corporation International Law Firm 4+ Years PQE 2-6 Years PQE

Reporting to the APAC General Counsel, you will provide legal support to This prestigious international law firm is seeking an additional banking and the business units on its commercial activities and transactions in the finance lawyer for its award winning team. As part of this role you will manage region. In addition, you will be advising on compliance and risk a broad range of general banking and finance transactional matters for global management. To qualify, you will have at least 4 years PQE gained in an blue-chip clients. Applicants should be qualified in Hong Kong or another international law firm. Fluent English and strong organisational skills are common law jurisdiction with excellent academics and top tier firm experience. required, whilst Chinese skills are advantageous. Ref: 500435 First rate English is essential for this position. Ref: 500438

Insurance Lawyer Litigation Associate Major International Insurer International Law Firm 5+ Years PQE 2-4 Years PQE

Advising on the client’s general commercial insurance business with an This leading international law firm is seeking a mid-junior level litigator to assist emphasis on professional indemnity and D&O insurance, you will also with a broad range of commercial litigation matters. The ideal candidate should advise Underwriters on new product developments and legal, regulatory be qualified in Hong Kong with excellent academics and commercial litigation and operational matters arising out of the distribution of insurance products. experience gained from a major international law firm. Exposure to financial Solid D&O litigation or professional indemnity insurance experience services disputes or contentious regulatory experience is a definite bonus. required. No Chinese languages are required for this role. Ref: 500434 Fluent written and spoken Cantonese and Mandarin are preferred. Ref: 500441

For a confidential discussion regarding career opportunities, please contact: Annie Tang on (852) 2810 9077 Chris Tang on (852) 2810 9078 [email protected] [email protected]

LEGAL RECRUITMENT www.staranise.com.hk

In-House Private Practice

LEGAL COUNSEL - FINANCIAL MKTS HONG KONG 5+ years STRUCTURED PRODUCTS/BANKING HONG KONG 1-3 years International bank in HK seeks a legal counsel to provide transactional & Excellent opportunity for a junior banking & finance lawyer to broaden documentation support to the structured products, fixed income sales & their expertise to include structured products & financial services matters trading, commodities & equity derivatives teams. Experience in debt/equity at this top tier firm. Fluent Mandarin & Cantonese are essential in this capital markets would be helpful. Chinese is not essential. HKL3810 role. Open to candidates looking to re-train. HKL3329

COMMERCIAL/MEDIA BEIJING 3-5 years US SECURITIES ASSOCIATE HONG KONG 3-5 years Multinational media company with strong Asia presence & extensive US firm seeks a mid-level US securities associate to join its US corporate & operations in the region seeks a China corporate/commercial lawyer to capital markets group in Asia. You will be US qualified with a JD from a top- advise the business in China. Experience from a law firm or in-house will be tier university & currently working at a leading US securities firm. Fluency in considered. You must be a native Mandarin speaker. HKL3856 written & spoken English & native Mandarin required. HKL3863

FUNDS & SECURITIES HONG KONG 3-5 years REGULATORY/FINANCIAL SERVICES HONG KONG 1-4 years Globally renowned investment bank seeks a junior to mid-level legal Top tier firm seeks a 1-4 year HK qualified lawyer to advise a rangeof counsel to join the legal team that supports the funds & securities business financial institutions & listed companies. The ideal candidate will have function. You should have broad funds experience in onshore & offshore experience in financial services, corporate regulatory & compliance issues funds, authorized funds, hedge fund & private equity funds. HKL3615 with some exposure to contentious matters. HKL3841

CONSTRUCTION HONG KONG 8-12 years LITIGATION HONG KONG 5-8 years Global name in the hospitality sector seeks a senior construction lawyer UK firm seeks a mid to senior level general commercial litigator for its HK to manage global projects across Asia, Africa, Europe & the Middle East. office. You will have solid general commercial litigation experience gained The ideal candidate will have a mix of front end & back end experience & from other major law firms in HK. Strong drafting skills & ability to work will be capable of managing projects with minimal supervision. HKL3807 independently are essential. Fluent English & Chinese are a must. HKL3858

TRANSACTIONAL COUNSEL HONG KONG 5-8 years ARBITRATION SINGAPORE 1-3 years Global asset manager with a number of entities in the Asia region seeks a Top US firm seeks a junior associate to join its market-leading Singapore mid-level corporate lawyer for its legal team. You will have solid M&A & PE team. The successful candidate will be Singapore qualified & have experience & exposure to China related deals. Retail funds experience an arbitration experience from a leading international firm. Fluency in written advantage & fluent Mandarin essential. HKL3868 & spoken English is a must & Mandarin is helpful. HKL3843

LEGAL MANAGER - SECURITIES HONG KONG 5-10 years REAL ESTATE HONG KONG 2-4 years Good opportunity for a corporate lawyer looking for a change in career Global firm with a strong real estate practice seeks a junior to mid-level direction & good hours to focus on regulatory policy formulation. Strong real estate lawyer for its HK team. The ideal candidate will have strong regulatory background & knowledge of the operation of the securities real estate/conveyancing experience gained from an international firm or market are essential. Fluent English & Chinese are required. HKL3783 top tier local firm. Fluent English & Cantonese are essential. HKL3846

CORPORATE HONG KONG 5+ years REGULATORY PARTNER HONG KONG 8-15 years Global insurance company seeks a corporate lawyer to handle joint UK firm seeks a senior/partner level lawyer to join the regulatory practice ventures, product development & general compliance. At least 5 years’ of the financial markets group of its HK office. Significant experience in experience gained at an international firm or financial services organisation regulatory/financial services work gained from a top international or HK firm is essential. Fluent written & spoken English & Chinese are a must. HKL3821 is a must. Fluent written & spoken Cantonese & Mandarin is helpful. HKL2937

This is a small selection of our current vacancies. Please refer to our website for a more comprehensive list of openings. Please contact Emily Lewis + 852 2537 7408, Lindsey Sanders +852 2537 7409, Eleanor Cheung + 852 2537 7413, Chris Chu + 852 2537 7415, Andrea Richey + 852 2537 7413, Owain Jones +852 2537 7448 or email [email protected]

www.lewissanders.com Nov_la_hkl hi-res.pdf 1 17/10/12 5:06 PM

PRIVATE PRACTICE IN-HOUSE

MID-LEVEL REGULATORY ASSOCIATE SENIOR LITIGATOR, TOP-TIER INVESTMENT BANK One of the world’s most admired firms seeks a lawyer with regulatory Top-tier I Bank seeks a senior lawyer with a strong litigation or advisory experience in the financial services environment (funds, regulatory background to provide first class legal advice to all lines of securities brokers or banks) from a well-respected firm. You will business in Asia in respect of litigation, disputes and regulatory work alongside an acclaimed Partner. (PTEW3106) 2-5 PQE issues. Chinese language skills are not required. (ISEW1450) 7 PQE+

CAPITAL MARKETS ASSOCIATE, WELL-RESPECTED US FIRM AVP LEGAL COUNSEL, FINANCIAL SERVICES Highly Esteemed US firm is recruiting a lawyer with HK capital Global financial services company is looking to recruit a lawyer to markets experience to join its well-reputed capital markets team. assist the Asia General Counsel in providing and delivering high The team has a strong tie to leading issuers. Significant client quality legal services. Corporate/commercial experience gained contact is guaranteed. (PTEW3085) 4-7 PQE from an in-house environment is required. (ISEW1548) 3-6 PQE

LITIGATION ASSOCIATE, TOP TIER INTERNATIONAL FIRM CORPORATE COUNSEL, HIGHLY RESPECTED CONGLOMERATE Market leading international practice seeks a lawyer to join its notable Asia’s largest conglomerate seeks a lawyer to join its vibrant

C Litigation Group. You will advise high profile international clients in regional legal team. You should have some experience in corporate every industry sector on complex and high-stakes ligation. General finance transactions with good knowledge of Hong Kong Listing M commercial litigation experience is required. (PTEW3080) 3-6 PQE Rules. Chinese language skills are required. (ISEW1541) 4-7 PQE Y

CM FINANCE ASSOCIATE, PROMINENT US FIRM JUNIOR IN-HOUSE CAPITAL MARKETS LAWYER, I-BANK MY This premier law firm is inviting an experienced finance lawyer to A lawyer is sought by this leading I-Bank to work closely with the CY join its growing team which has recently been boosted to the top business in structuring and executing cutting-edge transactions. You

CMY ranking in Asia. The role will most suit a lawyer looking for a will work on high profile IPOs and secondary offerings transactions fast-growth career track. (PTEW3093) 1-4 PQE as well as cross-border M&A deals. (ISEW1544) 2 PQE+ K

SENIOR FINANCE/REGULATORY ASSOCIATE LEGAL COUNSEL, LARGE-SCALE RETAILER This firm has established itself as the world’s leading adviser in the One of Asia’s largest and most diversified retail groups is seeking an financial regulatory rime. Its deep-rooted Regulatory team will English & Chinese speaking lawyer with general legal and regulatory provide both terrific training and support to junior lawyers seeking to experience to join its regional legal team based in HK. You will have specialize in this highly demanded area. (PTEW3084) 4 PQE+ extensive participation in business decisions. (ISEW1551) 3-7 PQE

JUNIOR/MID-LEVEL M&A ASSOCIATE MID TO SENIOR LEVEL LITIGATOR, FINANCIAL SERVICES This is a superb opportunity to get out of your boxed area of work and This is a very rare opportunity for a litigator to go in-house and work to get involved in a range of cutting-edge cross-border M&A/private with a true leader in the financial services. You will find yourself equity transactions with this leading international firm. Candidates enjoying great work life balance and excellent quality work. must be fluent in English and Chinese. (PTEW3091) 2 PQE+ (ISEW1536) 3-10 PQE

US SECURITIES ASSOCIATE, TOP INTERNATIONAL FIRM LEGAL ADVISER, WELL-REGARDED PRIVATE EQUITY FIRM This top tier corporate practice seeks a US Securities lawyer to join An experienced corporate finance lawyer is required by this award its highly regarded team. You will work closely with ‘name’ partners winning private equity adviser to provide legal advice on high profile on a variety of US securities and general corporate matters. High cross-border private equity and M&A transactions. Chinese quality work and excellent training on offer. (PTEW3086) 2-5 PQE language skills required. (ISEW1537) 3-7 PQE

HONG KONG OFFICE Please contact us at at (852) 2521 0306 or email [email protected] SINGAPORE OFFICE www.law-alliance.com Please contact us at (65) 6829 7155 or email [email protected] Visit our website to see the latest in-house TOKYO OFFICE and private practice vacancies worldwide. Please contact us at (81) 3 4550 1526 or email [email protected] ASIA

Competition/Antitrust 2-3 PQE Hong Kong Corporate/Energy 3-5 PQE Hong Kong Commercial Litigation 3-7 PQE Hong Kong A fantastic opportunity with this US firm for a Join one of the strongest energy platforms in the This is an excellent opportunity for a Chinese- lawyer with competition exposure to join highly region working alongside truly market leading speaking litigator looking for a work/life balance, regarded individuals in an award-winning, partners on innovative corporate/finance work stable platform and collegiate environment. collegiate team focusing on regional work. within the energy sector. Mandarin essential; oil Work on headline cases with renowned partners Excellent prospects on offer. HKL3007 & gas exposure ideal. HKL3014 and banking clients. HKL2807

Banking & Finance 3-5 PQE Hong Kong Commercial Litigation NQ-5 PQE Hong Kong Real Estate 3+ PQE Hong Kong This highly recognized partner seeks a capable Join this growing team working for collegiate This is a stellar opportunity to get your career on associate to focus on market-leading secured partners and access high-end China-related track with this established real estate practice lending work across the APAC market. Asset cases in this newly established office. Prior servicing local and international developers / finance exposure helpful; excellent drafting cross-border exposure is not essential; HK investors on cross-border work. Great career skills essential. HKL3006 admission and Chinese required. HKL2998 prospects on offer. HKL2706

Corporate/Regulatory 3+ PQE Hong Kong PSL 4+ PQE Hong Kong Legal Manager 1+PQE Hong Kong A great opportunity to step away from This highly collegiate firm with a market-leading A unique opportunity exists for a qualified transactional work and advise on headline reputation seeks a corporate lawyer looking to corporate lawyer with managerial exposure cross-border work alongside reputable partners. achieve a real sense of work/life balance. Assist to step away from fee earning in a managerial Strong knowledge of HK listing rules and the with precedents / client updates and training support role within the paralegal department of SFO essential; fund formation useful. HKL3003 part- or full-time. HKL2993 this prestigious US firm. HKL3001

Project Finance 3+ PQE Beijing Corporate Counsel/Partner Beijing Arbitration Partner Shanghai Prestigious firm with regarded projects partner Fantastic opportunity to build the newly opened This international firm with a strong reputation seeks an associate to work with investors and office of this leading firm. Candidates will have for their work in this field seeks an arbitrator lenders from various industry sectors. Candidates in-/outbound investment experience from a to further this collegiate practice. Candidates will possess international law firm experience leading local or international law firm with a will have a strong book of contacts; excellent and common law qualification. HKL2411 strong network of contacts. HKL2743 prospects on offer. HKL3022

Arbitration 2-5 PQE Singapore Corporate M&A 4-6 PQE Singapore Banking & Finance 1-3 PQE Jakarta This growing arbitration practice seeks an One of the strongest practices in the Asia region This is an excellent opportunity for a junior associate with Asia experience to join a partner seeks a Singapore qualified M&A associate lawyer looking to develop their career in an renowned for excellent client care. A fantastic looking to return and access leading, innovative exciting jurisdiction. The ideal candidate will opportunity with long term career prospects; no work. Strong academics and top tier law firm possess project finance experience; no local language requirement. HKL2775 experience essential. HKL2862 admission/language requirement. HKL3021

Legal Officer 1-3 PQE Hong Kong Funds Legal Counsel 10+ PQE Beijing This is an excellent opportunity for a PRC An opportunity exists for a senior lawyer looking One of the largest developments in China is qualified lawyer to join this HK listed company. for a work life balance with an MNC. Candidates seeking a senior real estate lawyer to head Prior in-house experience ideal; you will focus must possess a diverse range of funds formation/ its legal and compliance functions. This is an on contract drafting and disputes management management experience and ideally possess unrivalled opportunity to working on a unique, in HK/China. HKL3016 Mandarin language skills. HKL3015 market changing project. HKL3012

This is a selection of our current vacancies; please visit our website for more opportunities or for more information in complete confidence, please call us on +852 2972 4264 or

contact [email protected], [email protected] or [email protected] www.atticuslegal.com.hk

trust | honesty | integrity | partnership Tough market?

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[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Pure Search: Candidate Referral Scheme

As one of the leading multi-disciplinary recruitment firms in Asia Pacific, Pure Search has access to an unrivalled breadth of opportunities across the market.

We are proud that our exceptional service levels and market coverage is reflected in the fact that almost 30% of our candidates come to us as referrals.

To show our appreciation for a personal recommendation, we offer a candidate referral scheme. If you know someone who may benefit from our services, please contact one of our consultants for more information.

Private Practice Roz Etkind +852 2168 0788 [email protected]

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Offices in London +44 20 7429 4400 | Hong Kong +852 2168 0798 | Singapore +65 6407 1205 www.puresearch.com 二零一二年十一月 November 2012 HK$280 HONG KONG LAWYER HONG KONG LAWYER 香港 THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF HONG KONG 香港律師會會刊 律師 h k - l a w y e r . org NOVEMBER NOVEMBER 2012

2012 封面專題 年

11 專訪包致金法官： 月 在法律界的一生

Cover Story Face to Face With Justice Kemal Bokhary: A Life in Law

FUNDS 基 金 FAMILY LAW 家 庭 法 IHL FOCUS 企 業 律 師 焦 點 Unleashing the Qualified Foreign Investor Putting more focus on children: Bonuses – The dangers of 放寬對合格境外投資者的規限 the Children’s Dispute Resolution oral announcements Pilot Scheme 花紅—口頭公佈的危險 ON CHINA 中 國 實 務 更側重於兒童： Dealing with China’s card monopoly 兒童糾紛調解試點計劃 中國電子支付服務市場 香 港 律 師