Program & Abstracts

Program & Abstracts 2014 The Stockholm Criminology Symposium 2014 Program & Abstracts The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå) P.O. Box 1386, SE-111 93 Stockholm Phone: +46 (0)8 401 87 00. Fax: +46 (0)8 411 90 75 E-mail: [email protected] Brå on the Internet: www.bra.se Photo: Pawel Flato (p. 5), Liselotte van der Meijs (p. 7) Printing: Lenanders Grafiska AB 2014 Production: Ordförrådet AB © 2014 The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå) ISBN 978-91-87335-28-0 URN:NBN:SE:BRA-552 Table of contents A message from the Swedish Minister for Justice 5 Welcome to the Stockholm Criminology Symposium 7 The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention 8 The Stockholm Prize in Criminology 10 The 2014 prize winners 11 Map of City Conference Centre (Norra Latin) 12 Symposium overwiew 14 PROGRAM Detailed program 21 Monday, June 9 22 Tuesday, June 10 34 Wednesday, June 11 44 Abstracts 51 Monday, June 9 52 Tuesday, June 10 115 Wednesday, June 11 153 Speakers Index 192 A message from the Swedish Minister for Justice Knowledge is a fundamental pillar in creating a better society for all. Only when we have evidence of what works and what doesn’t can we create more effective policies. For all of us who strive to reduce crime and increase safety, the Stockholm Criminology Symposium offers an opportunity to come together to share such knowledge. For the ninth consecutive year, researchers, policymakers and practitioners will gather to learn from each other. I am confident that we will all be enriched with new insights and by meetings with inspiring and knowledgeable people. Crime is expensive – not only in monetary but also, more importantly, in human terms. Every physical and psychological violation leaves damag- ing marks on the individuals involved as well as on society. The suffering caused may have long-term consequences affecting many people. There- fore, our ultimate aspiration is to prevent crime from happening at all. A fundamental condition for crime prevention is a society where each individual has the opportunity to develop. Besides that, more specific, but versatile, interventions are needed. Interventions that are most likely to succeed if all relevant societal stakeholders come together. Lately there has been a welcome trend of falling victimisation rates in Swe- den, as well as in a number of other countries. There are also indications that young people have increasingly negative attitudes towards deviant behaviour, which instils further hope for the future. Nonetheless, every day a large number of individuals in Sweden and around the world are victims of crime. And when this happens, a highly functional criminal justice system needs to be in place. When an individual commits a criminal act, we must send a clear message that society deems this unacceptable. By holding individuals responsible for their actions, they and others may be deterred, victims are given an opportunity for restitution, and the state meets its responsibilities to citizens. Since society and the conception of legality change over time, maintaining and improving the legal system is a constant process. But a guiding principle is that the legal system must be built on trust. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance that criminal sanctions are perceived as fair and credible. They must match the severity of the crime and the hurt caused to the victims and society as a whole. To bring about durable change, we also need to give individuals support in choosing a better way of life. In this regard, the content of prison and 5 community corrections is crucial. It is important to gain an even greater understanding of which processes and treatments are most effective in preventing relapses into crime. Since every person is different, one important challenge is how implementation can be adapted to the needs of the individual while preserving safety and legal security. Another challenge is how to best make use of the individual’s own willingness to change. The criminal justice system plays an important role in these efforts. But success requires other stakeholders to take charge of the potential for rehabilitation as well. Many offenders, particularly recidivists, live hard lives characterised by harsh upbringings, exposure to crime, alcohol and drug abuse, and poor social relations. Their needs cannot be met by the criminal justice system alone. To help these individuals, we must build a solid bridge between the prison and probation system and the surrounding society. As in crime prevention, collaboration is crucial. Only by working together will we be able to give each individual the greatest opportunity to find solid ground to stand on. In order to achieve these aspirations, in many respects we can look to research for guidance. The work done by this year’s prize winners, Profes- sor Petersilia and Professor Nagin, offers great examples of how research can influence policy. They have contributed important insights that have helped to reshape the use of criminal sanctions in the United States. I would like to wish you all a very warm welcome to the 2014 Stockholm Criminology Symposium. Beatrice Ask Minister for Justice 6 Welcome to the Stockholm Criminology Symposium It is a privilege to welcome you to the ninth Stock- holm Criminology Symposium. The symposium is an established annual international meeting-place for criminologists, policymakers and others with an interest in criminal policy. In this forum we learn of the latest research findings, exchange experience between researchers and practitioners, and expand our networks. The two major themes for the Stockholm Criminology Symposium 2014 are: • Punishment and Crime. The Design, Imple- mentation and Effects of Criminal Sanctions • Contemporary Criminology The sanctions awarded by the criminal justice system have long been a key aspect of societal reactions to crime, and there are many factors that need to be taken into consideration when sanctions are designed and imple- mented. One recurring challenge is that of finding the right balance between on the one hand ensuring a sufficient response to crime and on the other the risk for negative consequences associated with incarceration. The symposium is organized in conjunction with the award ceremony of the Stockholm Prize in Criminology. This year’s prize winners, Professor Daniel Nagin of Carnegie Mellon University, USA and Professor Joan Petersilia of Stanford University, USA, will deliver a lecture at the symposium. The prize ceremony and gala dinner is held at Stockholm City Hall. This year the Jerry Lee Lecture will be given by Grant Duwe, Director of Research and Evaluation for the Minnesota Department of Corrections. The lecture will focus on the importance of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) and why they are more important than ever in corrections. Apart from the exchange of knowledge during the symposium, it is important to increase visibility of criminological research in society. We hope and believe that the symposium and the prize help to achieve this and that our knowledge will benefit society and those working in the fields of fight- ing and preventing crime. And I foresee that after the symposium you will return home with new knowledge and rewarding impressions, and with nice memories of Stockholm. Erik Wennerström Director General, The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention 7 The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå) – an agency un- der the Ministry of Justice – is a centre for research and development within the judicial system. Brå assists the agencies of the criminal justice system by improving their knowledge and developing new methods. Brå’s research is a major source of information for decision makers within the criminal justice system (including the police), the Parliament and the Government. Brå’s operations may be divided into six different areas of activity, which correspond to the agency’s six specialist divisions: • Research and Development. The task of the division is to conduct applied research and development work in the field of crime policy. The division produces knowledge as a basis for decision-making in the area of crime policy and for use in the criminal justice system. • Research into Economic and Organised Crime. The division serves as a national body of expertise in the area of economic crime in a broad sense, to disseminate findings and to conduct various research projects. • Evaluation and Policing. The task of the division is to conduct large- scale evaluations of changes within the judicial system. These evaluations are often commissioned by the Swedish Government. The task of the division is also to evaluate social service efforts to prevent young people to commit crime and offend once again. • Development of Crime Prevention Work. The task of the division is to create interest and encourage involvement in crime prevention work at the local level. Amongst other things the division provides support and supplies funding for the development of municipal crime prevention projects. The division is also responsible for evaluating this work. • Crime Statistics. The division is responsible for the production of Sweden’s official statistics on crime and criminal offenders. In addition to its continuous statistical production, the division works to further improve Sweden’s official crime statistics. • Statistical Surveys. The division is responsible for the periodic surveys carried out with specific data collection, including survey methods. They are in charge of producing the Swedish Crime Survey and the hate crime statistics. 8 Brå often works in collaboration with other organisations and public sector agencies. The target groups comprise decision makers and employ- ees within the judicial system, actors in the field of crime prevention and those members of the general public with an interest in the knowledge we possess.

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