Article Elephantid Genomes Reveal the Molecular Bases of Woolly Mammoth Adaptations to the Arctic Graphical Abstract Authors Vincent J. Lynch, Oscar C. Bedoya-Reina, Aakrosh Ratan, ..., George H. Perry, Webb Miller, Stephan C. Schuster Correspondence
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[email protected] (W.M.) In Brief Lynch et al. sequence complete genomes from three Asian elephants and two woolly mammoths and identify amino acid changes unique to woolly mammoths. Woolly-mammoth-specific amino acid changes underlie cold- adapted traits in mammoths, including small ears, thick fur, and altered temperature sensation. Highlights d Complete genomes of three Asian elephants and two woolly mammoths were sequenced d Mammoth-specific amino acid changes were found in 1,642 protein-coding genes d Genes with mammoth-specific changes are associated with adaptation to extreme cold d An amino acid change in TRPV3 may have altered temperature sensation in mammoths Lynch et al., 2015, Cell Reports 12, 217–228 July 14, 2015 ª2015 The Authors http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.06.027 Cell Reports Article Elephantid Genomes Reveal the Molecular Bases of Woolly Mammoth Adaptations to the Arctic Vincent J. Lynch,1,* Oscar C. Bedoya-Reina,2,4 Aakrosh Ratan,2,5 Michael Sulak,1 Daniela I. Drautz-Moses,2,6 George H. Perry,3 Webb Miller,2,* and Stephan C. Schuster2,6 1Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, CLSC 319C, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 2Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Pennsylvania State University, 506B