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HE ONTARIO NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION I VOLUME 24 FEBRUARY 198 5 PAGE 24 THE DESIGNERS : 19AJ-tQ115 O.N.A. OFFICERS Cast Preaidcnta: R.R.Rrkt~fuLi (1961-65) l..T. Snitt~(1965-61) V. Eltel ihh ( 1967-69) 0. Flick ilybv-71) English Milled Coinage CiI. Lainter (1971-73) W.E.P. Lambert (1973-7 5). E. Jephnon ( 197 5-77) 8.R. W*ttt (1977-81) I F.C. Jrhc-tt (19b1-I(3) The new silver groat *Deceased introduced in POLS1 DLSl 1836 at the su~gestion St e 1 1 r Hodge of Joseph Hume TI157 \ICE-PRESIDENT R . 14111I i ngnhcad ST(:( %I1 VICF.-PRtSlDENT K. Wilmot Halfcrown of 51 CRTIARY T. ?I.IR~ Urh William IV with crowned shield 1 kLASI 1I.R 6 111.MB61S11lP nrt~tt.H. Rasrmann reverse MA11 ISS ADURLSS Btra 33, Waterloo, C1nt.aa,iu, NZJ 326 ~tntr:Tc~ns ARt.4 Id It. W~itfirld lb I. Komrtaluk 2 C.D. lainter 3 R. Voaden 4 I. Fletcher i~ (in. Gordon 5h Tor Kennedy 11 V. Ilam 7 W. Ciona k F.. Kcrtch 'I I .n. FlrCcht-1 111 R. All~rrt HFAD Jf DGE Elmer Workman The ill-fated double florin 1.n. 2, Cannlnpton, Oa~tario,LOG IEO. struck only between 1887 and 1890 AUDIO-VISUAL SERVICE C.8. Laister lie J Highway Tlllsonbu~gc, Ontario, N4G 3JI EDITOR Bruce R. watt THE ONTARIO WVUISIATIST ir publiahrd by the Ontario 11 5.1 Nortltridge St., Yumiuatic Associrtlm. The publication can bo obtained . Oehara, Ontario, LIC 3~3 with memberchip in one of the follwing catoguriea~ Regular Membership $10.00 annually. Husband and rife LIBRARIAN (one.jaurnal) $12.00 annually. Junior (up to 18) Sj.00 T. Hahiera annually. Club Wcaberrhip 110.00 annually. Life Member- 823 Van Street, mhipa available for $75.00 after 3 yews of re(u1.r Lorldon, Ontario, membership. NSt tHB Remittances payable to the ONTARIONUnTSnATIC ASSOCTATTON, P.0. BOX 33, WATERLOO, ONTARIO, N2J 326. Page 25 THE DESIGNERS English Milled Coinage On the design and engraving side the of the.houses in the Mint. In 1844 he had Wyons were now firmly in the saddle, even been appointed Second Engraver when though Pisuucci's St George continued to Merlen retired and when his father, be used from time to time down to the William, died in 1851 he at age 24, was present reign. A little explanation as to who given the title of Modeller and Engraver. was who in the family is now needed. The various titles under which the Thomas (I) Wyon (1767-1830) has been designers and engravers worked will have appointed Chief Engraver of HM Seals on been noted, but to all intents and purposes 30 September 1816. His son Thomas (11) L C Wyon was Chief Engraver. He and his (1792-1817) was apprenticed to him but he father before him had a more profound also received training from Marchant. In effect on the coinage than any other 1811 he was appointed Probationer engravers and, including the work they did Engraver at the Mint and on 13 October for the colonial coinage, then getting into its 1815, age 23, he was appointed Chief stride, thqir output was tremendous. Engraver, unfortunately he developed consumption and died in September 1817. Crowned shleld On Thomas' death the post of Chief The coinage of William IV (1830-1837) Engraver was left vacant which left the way needs little comment. The obverses were all clear for his cousin, William Wyon (1795- by ChantreyWilliarn Wyon and the 1851), who had been appointed Assistant reverses by Merlen, that of the gold bearing Engraver in 1815 and for Pistrucci who held a crowned shield. The half-sovereign was the same position. struck on a slightly smaller flan in 1834 When Pistrucci was created Chief while those of 1836 had a slightly larger Medallist in 1828, William Wyon was head, being struck from the die for the appointed Chief Engraver. He was suc- sixpence. A 2 pound piece is known, struck ceeded by his son, Leonard Charles Wyon as a Proof only in 1831 with its reverse the (1826-1891), who was actually born in one same as the halfcrown. Page 26 Halfcrown of William IV with crowned shield reverse That piece had a crowned shield, heavily ' William Wyon and soon became known as a mantled, superimposed on the Collar of the 'Joey'. Order of the Garter, with the St George The reign of Victoria (1837-1901), the pendant incorrectly facing left. The shilling longest in British history, saw a great deal of and sixpence state their value in words. iriteresting work at the Mint, which itself within a crowned wreath. This type of went through a reform. The machinery reverse was used, both here and in the next installed in 1810and later was out of date by reign, to prevent the pieces being gilded 1870 and subject to breakdowns. New and passed as sovereigns or half-sovereigns, presses began to be installed in 1872 and on which happened when either had arms. 1 February 1882 work was stop;ed for ten What is said by some to be a pattern for a months while the remaining old machinery 5 pounds was struck in gold in 1831. In fact was removed and the whole place refitted. it was really a pattern crown, struck at the Electrically driven machinery increased request of a private individual. Some after the setting up of a generiting station pattern crowns were also struck in silver, in within the Mint and elecmc lighting one case in Icad, all these having the followed. halfcrown type reverse and on an undated After a great deal of discussion .the silver example Merlen seems to have administration was changed in 1870, the noticed that the pendant St George had Chancellor of the Exchequer became titular been facing in the wrong direction, and has Master and the Mint was run by the Deputy turned him to face right. Master. The position is the same today. The new silver groat introduced in 1836 at the suggestion of Joseph Hume A new silver coin, the groat or fourpence, Queen Victoria came to the throne on 20 with a seated Britannia on the reverse June 1837 and, by what must have been a appeared in 1836 and 1837 at the suggestion considerable effort at the Mint and by of Joseph Hume, who is said to have been William Wyon, the sovereign, half- . angry at giving a cabman a half-sovereign sovereign, shilling, sixpence, Britannia tip on a dark night in mistake for a groat anda threepenceadditional to, but of sixpence. The new piece was entirely by the same design as the Maundy coin, had all Page 27 appeared by 1838. The halfcrown followed lettered and plain edges in 1847, a Proof in in 1839 and the crown in 1844. gold with plain edge in 1847 and patterns The obverses were designed and with lettered and plain edges in 1853. engraved by William Wyon, whose portrait These details are given since the coins of the Queen received considerable have always aroused speculation as to approbation, while all the reverses were whether they were ever intended for designed by Merlen and engraved either by circulation. Rayner and L&S hope that the William or L C Wyon. The crowns and question has now been settled, pieces of halfcrowns had a crowned shield of ms both 1847 and 1853 which have circulated and a wreath with rose, thistle and have certainly been seen. shamrock below. The shillings and sixp- The reason for striking these crowns has ences stated their value within a crowned never been made clear. Forrer says 8,000 The Young Head portrait of Victoria designed and engraved by William Wyon , I wreath. The Britannia groat was entirely,by were struck by Royal Command for William Wyon, as was the threepence, distribution to London bankers. The writer though the obverse was engraved by has often wondered whether they com- Merlen. memorate the fact that the House of Lords All this series are known to collectors as moved into its new chamber on 15 April the Young Head type and take us up to 1847 and &e Commons into theirs on 4 1887. There were however two exceptions, November 1852. The whole structure of the Gothic crowns of 1847 and 1853 and the the New Palace of Westminster is Victorian Godless and Gothic florins of 1849-1887, sham Gothic by Sir Charles Barry (1795- and of these a short account is necessary. 1860). The Gothic crown, so called because of William Wyon designed and engraved its mediaeval style, was struck for the obverse which had a bust of the Queen, circulation in 1847 and 1853. There was a wearing a crown and a lace edged dress. pattern with plain edge in 1846, Proofs with The reverse was designed by William Dyce The Gothic crown, so called because of its mediaeval style Page 2 8 and engraved by Wyon and the four of the coinage. The Silver Jubilee of 1862 crowned shields of arms with rose, thistle passed without numismatic comment. The and shamrock in the angles and the Star of obverse of the Jubilee coins showed the the Garter in the centre was revived with Queen in 'widow's weeds' as they were lettering in the Gothic style. How Dyce sometimes called, since Albert, Prince (1806-1864) came into the picture is not Consort had died in 1861. Perched known. This account differs slightly from apparently precariously on top of her head that in the writer's book on the same was a small dress crown.
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