The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for March 1966 New York, New York 10019

THE AMERICAN ^

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MARCH 1966 LEGION Volume 80, Number 3 POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1954 Magazine Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for March 1966 New York, New York 10019

Publisher, James F. O'Neil Editor YOU MAY BE YOUR OWN BLOOD DONOR 4 Robert B. Pitkin BY JOHN THOMAS Assistant Editor Joliii Ancireula A peek at one facet of the world of tomorrow, Art Editor on ways to store human blood. based new Al Marshall Associate Editors NO ESCAPE FROM POWER FAILURE DISASTER? 8 Roy Miller James S. Svvartz BY MAURY DELMAN Production Manager Could you supply your own electricity when the Art lirelzfiekl public utilities fail? Here are the ABC's Copy Editor Grail S. Hanford of standby home generators. Circulation Manager Dean B. Nehon THE LIFE AND DEATH OF CASEY JONES 14 Indianapolis, Ind. Advertising Director BY TOM MAHONEY Robert P. Redden It was on the Illinois Central that Casey Jones "took his farewell Chicago-Detroit Sales Office

' trip to that Promised Land." In death he became Bart J. Burns America's most fabled railway engineer. 35 East Wacker Drive Chirago, 111. 60601 CEntral 6-2101 NEW "VIETNAMS" IN LATIN AMERICA? 18 BY CHARLES W. WILEY AND RICHARD J. BOOKLET Communist plans to make a new "Vietnam" of South and Central CHANGE OF ADDRESS: America have brought red guerrillas and terrorists to Notify Circulation Dept., P. 0. Box 1954, ^16206 using Post Office the shooting stage in Latin nations. Indianapolis, hid., four Form 3578. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses with ZIP Code number and current nieinbcrsliip card number. SHOULD PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL BE Also be sure to notify your Post Adjutant. PUT UNDER ANTITRUST LAWS? 22 TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION pro: rep. clement J. ZABLOCKI (D-WIS.) The American Legion con: rep. CHARLES L. WELTNER (D-GA.) Publications Commission:

James E. Powers, Macon, Ga. ( Chairman) ; Adolph F. Bremer, U inona, Minn. ( Vice The Battle of the Bulge—Part III Chairman) ; Lang Armstrong. Spokane, Wash.; THE BULGE IS ERASED 24 Charles E. Booth, Huntington, If . Va.\ John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa.; E. Cooper, Holly- Third J. and last of a series of articles on Hitler's final bid wood, Fid. ; Clovis Copeland, Little Rock, Duwningtotvn, Pa. to win the war in Europe in 1944-45. Ark. ; Paul B. Dague, ;

Raymond Fields, Guyman , Okln. ; Chris Her- nandez, Savannah, Ga.; George D. Levy, Sum- TEDDY ROOSEVELT'S WESTERN STAMPING GROUNDS 29 ter, S. C; Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa; Howard E. Lohman, Moorhead, Minn.; BY ALDEN STEVENS Frank C. Love, Syracuse. N.Y.; Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; H. Morris, Baton Rouge, A travel article for today's motorists about the old ranches of J. La.; Robert Mitchler, Oswego, HI.; Harry H. Roosevelt near Teddy Medora, North Dakota. Twentieth Schaffer, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Bradley J. Stephens, in the series "Seeing Historic America." Los Altos, Calif.: Wayne L. Talbert, Delphi, Ind.; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala. Edward Mc- WILL VIETNAM VETS GET WAR STATUS? 30 Sweeney, Armonk, N.Y. (Consultant) BY NATIONAL COMMANDER L. ELDON JAMES National Commander James warns that Vietnam vets may

not get the same program of federal benefits that The American Legion Magazine is published go to other war veterans. monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, Ky. 40201 by The American Legion. Copyright 1966 by The American Legion. Second-class

postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price ; single Cover Drawing By CARL ROSE copy, 20 cents ; yearly subscription, $2.00. Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- culation Department of The American Legion. Departments P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

Editorial and advertising offices: 720 5tli Ave., LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS 40 New York, N. Y. 10019. Wholly owned by The American Legion, with National Head- PERSONAL 48 quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. L. Eldon DATELINE WASHINGTON . 6 James, National Commander. BOOKS 52 VETERANS NEWSLETTER 31 LEGION SHOPPER 53 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 33 PARTING SHOTS 56 Publisher's Representative Northwest Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, The Harlowe Co. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Seattle, Wash. 98101

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 1 . —

vFirn siftA LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Letters published do not necessarily ex- FDR as Secretary of State, then press the policy of The American Legion. resign- TO $2,500 Keep letters short. Name and address must ing and also having his Vice President, be furnished. Expressions of ojjinion and Charles Curtis, resign, thus requests for personal services are appreci- automat- FOR YOUR ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or ically allowing the next in line, the answered, due to lack magazine of staff for Secretary of State, to succeed him. these purposes. Requests for personal serv- Now, ices which may be legitimately asked of of course, the line of succession has been ORGANI' The American Legion should be made to changed so that the Speaker of the your Post Service Officer or your state House ZATION? (Department) American Legion Hq. Send is next in line, after the Vice President. letters to the editor to: Letters, The Theodore Vaill, President American Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave- nue, New York, N.Y. 10019. The Winsted Evening Citizen Winsted, Conn. Mason JUNKED AUTOMOBILES Other readers have pointed Candy sir: As a member of the Governor's out that we did not give Committee to Keep Maine Scenic, may President Hoover his full term in office, and regret the can help I take this opportunity to commend you we error. Actually, on the publication of "The Inside Story President Hoover de- you! livered his last message to of Our Junked Automobiles" by Tom Congress the "lame duck" 72nd on Mahoney in the January issue. The arti- — December 6, 1932. The next State of the cle offers keen insight into the major Union speech was delivered in January 1934 blight problem of the nation. Speaking by Presi- dent Roosevelt, before the 73rd Con- for the Committee, I wish to point out gress. Roosevelt had earlier called the that Maine has a record of pride in the 73rd into extra session on 19.33. enforcement of her junked auto laws, March 9, While his address at that time whereas the article states that "except cannot be tagged an official State of the in Kentucky" such laws are seldom en- Union message, Roosevelt presented a forced. The Maine State Police investi- broad program for relief to banks, gated over 400 cases involving junkyards farmers and the unemployed, as well as other and junked autos during the last fiscal crisis measures, which was adopted year. Over two-thirds of the cases were during the "Ninety-nine Days." successfully cleared up during the year and solutions have been achieved in the BATTLE OF THE BULGE bulk of others. Maine's campaign against sir: Your article on auto blight has been waged effectively "The Battle of the Bulge" (January) is the since the program was launched in 1962. most accurate account of the world's The pride Maine citizens have in their greatest battle I have ever read. It will help fulfill . MA':,ON MINTS state has spurred this vital program. a wish which was so eloquently . ALMOND Daniel E. Lambert expressed COCOANUT in letter I Public Relations Director a received from Gen. Walter • ASSORTED Lauer, the 99th Department of Division commander, JELLIES Maine The American Legion now retired, in which he wrote, "Maybe, • CHOCOLATE God willing, the men who died for CHIFFON Orrington, Maine our country in Germany, at Christmastime,

NO MONEY IN ADVANCE ... NO RISK . . 1944, will receive the award due them sir: Congratulations on your excellent NO OBLIGATION. Mason supplies your and recognition of the heroic deeds they article on junked automobiles. It was group with a choice of beautifully boxed, and their buddies who survived them well received by the auto-wrecking in- top-quality Mason Candies and tells you deserve," dustry in Arizona and, I'm certain, in how your organization can make 40< on Harry S. Crossey the entire country. Chicago, III. every $1.00 box sold. At no extra charge Jack Flashberg, President each package is wrapped with your or- Used Auto and Truck Wreckers sir: Although not a member of the ganization's name and picture. Pay only Association of Arizona American Legion (I'm American, but AFTER you have sold the candy. RETURN Mesa, Ariz. a veteran of the Belgian Army), I read WHAT YOU DON'T SELL. For complete with considerable pleasure your mag- information, fill in and mail this coupon. CORRECTION azine. Your January issue, however, has sir: In his feature article, "The Story me somewhat disturbed. The article "The Behind the Presidents' Annual Mes- Battle of the Bulge" is well written, well MRS. MARY TAYLOR, DEPT. 702 MASON, in issue, Jerrold J. timed BOX 549, MINEOLA, N. Y. sages," the January and makes for passionate reading. PLEASE SEND ME, WITHOUT OBLIGATION, Mundis stated that President Hoover did One wonders, however, where the INFORMATION 0 N YO U R FU N D -RAISI NG not give a State of the Union message to Belgians were all this time. After all, PLAN. Congress in 1933 because in that year Bastogne is in Belgium. True, the bulk NAME- the date for taking office had been of the regular Belgian Army seems not up from March 4 to January 20. to have been involved in the last great AGE (IF UNDER 21) moved This is not so. The change did not be- German offensive, but there were, in ORGANIZATION come effective until FDR's second in- the Ardennes and in Limburg, Military ADDRESS auguration and he was thus the last Forces of the Resistance. These forces CITY_ President to be inaugurated on March were under the over-all command of 4 and the first to be inaugurated on Gen. Ivan Gerard (a regular army man) of the HOW MANY MEMBERS- January 20. and were engaged in the Battle Many older readers may recall how Bulge. I fail to find even a mention of PHONE President Hoover was criticized for not these forces on the accompanying map. stepping down from office as it was sug- In Limburg, the pressure was put on gested he could have done by naming by the Germans as a diversionary move-

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MAIRCH 1966 .

STRAIGHT KENTUCKY BOURBON WHISKY • 86 PROOF • ©ANCIENT AGE DISTILLING COMPANY. FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY ment to draw Allied forces to that sector, thus uncovering themselves even more in the Ardennes. A special force called Groupe de la Region Frontiere "If you can find a was formed, exclusively made up of Military Resistance Units, to support the British forces. A word for these gallant troops would not be inappropriate. better Bourbon...buy it!" I am familiar with this phase because I was in command of the 2200 Military Resistance Units in the area and thus also part of the Groupe de la Region Frontiere. Roger H. Charlier Chicago, III.

BRAILLE'S AID sir: My note is twofold. First, to express my thanks for the Braille edition of your magazine and, secondly, for the interesting article in the December issue, "Man's Conquest of Blindness." Miss Hazel Wilkinson Pasadena, Calif.

A MARINE SPEAKS OUT FROM VIETNAM sir: Today, I received the January issue of your magazine from my father, a veteran of World War I. Your whole- hearted support of us here in this war- torn land is appreciated. All of us here realize why we are here and why we must win here. The demonstrators against the U.S. policy are either traitors or fools. We here are lucky because we can repay, in a small way, our nation which has given us freedom and a good life. We have been gratified by the tremendous volume of support in letters, cards and gifts from the people in the States who are shocked and disgusted with the Vietniks. These young Marines, soldiers, airmen and sailors are magnificent and are doing an outstanding job in a cruel and strange war. The Vietnamese people have the right to be free and we are helping them in their goal. I've always been proud to be an American and a Marine, but never prouder than I am here in Vietnam. We miss our families, but still we are doing a greater service to them here than we could at home—we are protecting them. Maybe if we didn't fight here our families would not be in immediate danger, but sooner or later they would be. We must face the fact that we have to fight communism somewhere. Keep up the good work. I only hope that when I leave here I will be eligible to join your organization. Eugene R. Tirk, Major, U.S.M.C. Danang, Vietnam

PICS OF SHIPS SOUGHT SIR: The editorial department of Our "Hunt from Kenya to the Khyber Pass . . Navy Magazine needs pictures of many of the older U.S. Navy ships. Anyone you'll never find a better Bourbon!" having negatives or pictures of any of these ships may send a list to the magazine, which will be glad to pay for any used or arrange an exchange. The pictures will be returned. Lists should be sent to: Ted Maher, Editor Our Navy Magazine 1 Hanson Place Brooklyn, N.Y. 11217 America's Largest Selhng 6 Year Old Kentucky Bourbon! THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 3 THE WORLD OF THE FUTURE You may be your own blood donor

IF YOU SHOULD need a transfusion of blood, the best (two); Milwaukee; Birmingham, Ala.; Ottawa, Canada, blood for you would be your own, and the day is now and London, England. The equipment isn't cheap. The approaching when your own good blood, frozen when freezer used in the Huggins system costs $6,100; the you are well, will be waiting for you when you need it. thawer $9,985; the centrifuge for separating the red cells Doctors call the act of giving yourself your own blood $2,550 and a $12.75 plastic bag is needed for each frozen an "autologous" transfusion, and there's nothing new in unit of red cells. With increased production, prices may the idea itself. The very earliest blood transfusions of come down. any success were "autologous." In 1816, a London ob- "The general use of freezing techniques," says Dr. stetrician named James Blundell transfused ten women Huggins, "would permit blood banks to maintain adequate with blood that they lost in childbirth, putting it back into supplies of blood at all times and would reduce the costly them as they lost it, and half of them survived. In 1956, waste of blood by outdating." Eteuati Leiato, a young Samoan physician on the island The drama and difficulty of finding rare blood when of Manua, transfused a bleeding expectant mother with needed (which the freezing process may put an end to 1000-1500 cc. of her own lost blood. She delivered a in the long run) was illustrated by the recent case of a normal baby and recovered. Montreal man with a leg injury. There was no donor avail- But storing blood now for future use, and thus being able in all Canada to match his "Vel negative" type. An appeal able to store your own in health for your own use in sick- was made to the American Red Cross, which phoned the rare blood donor file of the American Asso- ness, is a wrinkle so new that it is presently too expensive ciation of Blood Banks in Milwaukee. There, Dr. Tibor for common use. It is chiefly used for long-term banking J. located of rare blood types. Greenwalt donors in San Francisco; Casper, Wyo.; Charlotte, N.C., and Portland, Ore. Blood units It was in 1900 that Dr. Karl Landsteiner made trans- flown from them saved the Montreal man's leg and prob- fusion from one person to another scientific by the dis- ably his life. covery of blood types. (Transfusion of the wrong blood If he ever needs blood again, he'll have it with less type can cause quick death.) In 1914, the late Dr. Richard trouble. Since his recovery he has gratefully given several Lewisohn of Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York, and others, pints of his rare red cells to his hospital, Saint-Luc de made possible blood banking by the discovery that the Montreal. They were flown to the U.S. Naval Hospital at addition of a little sodium citrate prevents coagulation of Chelsea, Mass., and frozen there. They can be thawed and blood, and that it can be bottled and used safely for 21 flown to the donor or any others with his rare type in a days. matter of hours. This permitted the donor and the patient to be as far There are only eight major blood types, but new, rare apart as a 21 -day express haul at the time of the trans- ones keep popping up. The major types are A,B,AB and fusion, and made it possible for expectant mothers, and O, each divided as to Rh-positive and Rh-negative. Even patients undergoing non-emergency surgery, to bank a some of these are fairly uncommon—only one person in unit or two of their own blood in advance of possible 100 is B and Rh-negative. But in the last 25 years at least need always with the 21 -day limit. In some hospitals — 60 new, rare types of importance have been found. When this has become a routine procedure. a new type is first discovered, its possessor is usually in But efforts to develop a process for freezing and thawing need of a transfusion and he's the only one known to whole blood as the most logical way to extend the 21 -day have it. One rare variety is called Bombay, first found in limit indefinitely had always proved fruitless. Then Capt. an injured railroad worker in Bombay, India. Only about Lewis L. Haynes (who survived the sinking of the U.S.S. 25 people in the world are known Bombay types. Rare Indianapolis in WW2) and other Navy scientists worked varieties like Kell, Duffy and Lutheran are named for the out process for separating out the vital red cells, treating a first patients in which they were found. The second person glycerol them with glycerol and freezing them. The was known to have Shabalala blood was a woman in need of a later washed out and the thawed red cells, used alone or transfusion to see her through childbirth in Philadelphia. combined with plasma or special blood fractions, were Only one person in the world could give it to her. Mrs. found to be useful indefinitely. Josephine Shabalala, of South Africa, for whom it was

The different blood types are characteristics of the red named, donated the blood and it was flown to Philadelphia.

cells, not the plasma, hence the freezing process success- Now that it is possible to freeze the red cells indefinitely, fully stores the essential characteristics of any blood type the cost will probably come down as the practice increases, for long-range future use. Rare red cells began to be and the ultimate in the future will be storage of his own frozen in this way at the U.S. Naval Hospital at Chelsea, blood for his own use by anyone who cares to. This will Mass., in 1956. The Navy now has several frozen blood do more than avoid the difficult problems of blood match- banks on ships. One is the recommissioned hospital ship ing and increase the total amount of blood that can be Repose, which is currently in Vietnam. accumulated and kept in blood banks. It will also spare Dr. Charles E. Huggins, of the Harvard Medical School even those with common blood types from the dangers of and the Massachusetts General Hospital, developed im- hepatitis or other undetectable infections that are some- provements on the Navy process, and today facilities for times transferred from donor to recipient during a freezing and storing at least very rare blood types are transfusion. also functioning at hospitals or blood centers in Chicago John Thomas

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 . ! _ !

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 5 s

COMPUTERS TO THE RESCUE. DATELINE FOUR YEARS FOR U.S. REPS? LOOKING BEYOND VIETNAM. WASHINGTON

Critics in and out of Congress are urging the leglsla~ PEOPLE AND QUOTES: tive branch of the Government to call in computers as a PEACE OVERTURES proposed rescue o peration. The idea is to give the legis- "We have put everything into lation-swamped House and Senate a fair chance to cope the basket of peace except the with the increasingly complex programs demanded by the surrender of South Vietnam." White House. Vice President Hubert H. In recent years, even the most industrious and best- Hiunphrey. staffed Members of Congress have had little or no opportunity to check Administration information, or to U.S. PURPOSE FIRM develop their own data on the important, controversial "But our adversaries should issues of the day. not take the American right to A Joint Congressional Committee, under Sen. "Mike" dissent as a sign of weakness or wavering of purpose." Arthur Monroney (D-Okla. ) and Rep. Ray J. Madden (D-Ind. ) , is expected to urge Congress to build up its own army of J. Goldberg, U.S. Ambassador experts in every legislative area, and to bring into to U.N. play computers and other ultramodern technological PRESIDENTIAL PRESS techniques needed to close the informational gap between STATEMENTS the legislative and executive. "It is the prerogative of the President to decide how he's going to make himself available

The President ' propo sal to raise the term of a House to the press and how and when member from two years to four via C ons t i tut i onal amend- he makes certain information ment faces dubious pros pects . known to the press." William D. It is an axiom that once elected, the primary task of Meyers, Presidential Press a House member is to start running for re-election. A Sec'y- four-year term, the President argues, would give the NEVER ENOUGH MONEY Congressmen more time for legislation, and ease the one strain of the fried-chicken circuit back home. The reply "In whatever direction is growing is that the present system permits the voters to express may turn, there a their will every two years, as against four years on need for increased funds for expenditures." Ex- the President, six on the Senators. government Wagner of New Mr. Johnson's tenure weakened his case urging that the Mayor Robert York City. new House coincide with that of the President. This tie- in would retain the traditional Presidential coat-tail EDUCATING THE LEADERS vote for Congress, and eliminate the traditional dip for "The academic world appears the party in power between Presidential races. Collec- to be approaching a point at tively, Congress is reluctant to strengthen White House which everyone will want to power. educate the technical expert who advises the leader, or the intellectual who stands off and The current state of public controversy over escalat- criticizes the leader, but no one ing or de-escalating the war in Vietnam and the debate will want to educate the leader about the United States staying in or pulling out fail himself." John W. Gardner,

to deal with the core issue , say experienced Washington Sec'y of Health, Education and observers. Welfare. Whether we accelerate or decelerate, whether we win, VIEW OF ECUMENiCALISM or stalemate or negotiate peace in Vietnam, the ultimate "We've got to get all this ecu- foe is Red China. The Sino-communists have openly de- menical spirit out of the hands clared undeclared war on the United States, have pledged of the scholars and get it down to run the United States out of Southeast Asia, and to the grass roots." Richard eventually to lead the underdeveloped countries of the Cardinal Cushing. world—with their masses of people — in crushing us. Thus, U.S. leaders and citizens alike must direct DE GAULLE ON U.S. their thinking not simply to Vietnam, but also to the "I am not anti-American, but U.S. interest in Asia and Red China's "interest" in us. I do not approve of the policy Meanwhile, with few exceptions, our Allies have lifted the United States is pursuing in hardly a finger to help us in Vietnam, and some have Asia." President Charles de even permitted their ships to supply our Vietnam foe. Gaulle of France.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 THE BULGE COMMAND The stories led Bradley, in a fury, to offer GENERAL Courtney Hodges died at the his resignation. Showing Eisenhower a age of 79 on the day we wrote these EDITOR'S bundle of American casualty lists (by then words. His death made us feel one of our nearly 70,000), Bradley said that the Amer- shortcomings more sharply. Our series on CORNER ican armies "bought this victory with cash the Battle of the Bulge ends in this issue, on the barrelhead, and these are the re- with Part III on page 24. It was neces- ceipts!" sary, in the writing and editing, to make The upshot was that Sir Winston two broad types of omission in order to It was a terrible blow to Der Fuehrer Churchill, in an address to Parliament give you the best big view of the whole when, unlike his bullied German generals, whose whole text was released, hailed Bulge Battle within the limited scope of a Eisenhower's responses were immediate the Bulge Battle as a tremendous victory to politics. It magazine serial. and made without regard for the American fighting man, and added was a worse blow when Ike split one of that Monty joined with him in this eulogy. First, we omitted the stories of many his own general's commands and put two Simultaneously, Monty insisted be- battle units which distinguished them- on American armies under the British coming named over-all ground commander un- selves in the Bulge. It was as impossible mander, Montgomery. der Ike, a job he had had in Normandy. for us to tell all of their tales as it was Montgomery was in the middle of two But his strategic views differed from Ike's for Hitler to achieve his Bulge objectives. touchy episodes in British-American rela- and he was refused. When Monty persisted Second, in order to tell as much of the tions which came to a head after the issue in this, Ike, sensitive to what a quarrel actual fighting as we could, we said very of the battle had been resolved, and they with an Allied subordinate might do to little in our space about the high com- were settled in a way to disappoint Hitler. the Alliance, prepared to submit his own mand's handling of the battle. Montgomery's battle decisions, though resignation. Courtney Hodges, who washed out of so cool and slow that they irritated the ag- The British staff officers sided with Ike, West Point and started all over as an en- gressive-minded American generals, stand and warned Monty that if the Combined listed man, was the commander of the out in history as astute. Three strategic Chiefs of Staff had to choose between American First at the time of the Army withdrawals of Monty's may have saved Eisenhower and Montgomery. Monty Bulge Battle. entire The battle was fought the U.S. 7th and 3rd Armored Divisions would come out second. Monty subsided. within the area he commanded on the and the 82nd Airborne, and prevented a These difficulties arose chiefly from opening day of enemy assault. German spearhead in corps strength from Montgomery's natural desire for his Brit- Gen. Troy Middleton (Eighth Corps breaking loose northwest in the Manhay ish command to share more largely in commander at Bastogne); Gen. Leonard area . . . which would have made it a new the final victory in a war in which Britain Gerow (whose Fifth Corps divisions held ballgame. had suffered so much. They struck a note the Germans off on the north shoulder of Then Monty was quoted in the press of personal disharmony. But the Alliance the Bulge); as well as Gen. Lawton Col- (misquoted he still says) as calling the itself stood firm, to Hitler's consternation. lins (whose Seventh Corps smashed the Bulge result a significant British victory! RBP nose of the Bulge), were Hodges' immediate subordinates. Over Hodges was Gen. Omar Bradley. As 12th Army Group commander, Brad- ley was directly answerable to Supreme Allied Commander Gen. Dwight D. Eisen- hower for (north to south) Simpson's Ninth Army, Hodges' First Army and Pat- ton's Third Army. Hodges, whose units took the whole German blow on Dec. 16, was in the middle of Bradley's group of armies. With the exception of the two Airborne divisions (82nd and 101st), which came from Gen. Lewis H. Brereton's temporarily unemployed First Allied Air- borne Army, and of one British corps (30th) which got into the final counterattack, nearly all the major Bulge reinforcements came from Bradley's three armies—Ninth, First and Third. It had been Hitler's hope that his big attack would cause a British-American rift. Eisenhower, he felt, could make no major decisions. He would have to consult with Roosevelt and Churchill, who would fall out over how to react. All the while Hitler would have his panzers rushing on to Antwerp. In the midst of the battle, Eisenhower split the Bulge on an east-west line across its center, temporarily taking First and Ninth Armies away from Bradley and giving them to 21st Army Group Com- mander Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, so that the Bulge south of AGED /YEARS La Roche remained Bradley's (and under him, Patton's), while all to the north of KENTUCKY STRAIGHT BOURBON WHISKY La Roche was Montgomery's (and under him, Hodges'). The Germans had struck ^ / "Buying whisky is as simple as A B C — so deep that Ike doubted that Bradley '^'w^ys Certain... with Dant!" could efficiently handle both the north and NewtKook^^O south sides of the Bulge.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 By MAURY DELMAN WHEN THE POWER wetit off in the entire U.S. northeast and in parts of Canada last Nov. 9, publisher William Morando had some five minutes to go to get to his two-story Syosset, Long Island, home. Arriving home in a darkened community, lacking even the familiar night glow in the sky from New York City, Mr. Morando hastened to his garage. There, after a couple of false starts, his private emer-

gency home generator kicked over. As it started, an automatic double-switch dis- connected his home wiring from the No Escape From power company lead-in, and connected up with his generator. For the rest of that strange and confused night, Morando's home glowed like a lighthouse on a dark POWER shore. To his blacked-out neighbors, Morando was a sort of local hero as he played host to a hungry and harried group, FAILURE Mr. Morando is one of an increasing number of suburban and town dwellers scattered about the country who decided some years ago that, public utilities or DISASTER ? no, an emergency electric generator for a private home may seem like a luxury,

but on occasion it could be a vital necessity.

Though the subject is completely strange to many, the number of Ameri- cans who have bought, or seriously considered buying, private generators has been growing for years. Long before the astonishing northeast blackout of last fall, the combination of unheadlined local More and more Americans are considering power blackouts on the one hand, and the ever-increasing dependence of homes on a constant supply of electricity on the other has produced this interest. private emergency generators for their homes.

It did not occur to everyone, but it occurred with almost frightening impact to some, that luck and nothing else pre- To many, it's a strange subject. vented the colossal power failure of Nov. 9 from visiting upon the nation a public catastrophe of almost unimaginable proportions. It would have taken nothing which might continue for weeks or only could their reserve source of heat

but a change in the date to have done so, months. The total mischief created by a disappear, taking with it heat in all homes as many soberly realized. Let the same million or so broken water pipes inside "blessed" with gas furnaces, but there thing occur on a howling zero night in buildings in midwinter actually defies would remain many open gas petcocks January or February instead of a mild, imagination. The effect of subfreezing and extinguished pilot lights as a po- moonlit, Indian summer evening in No- temperatures in their homes on most of tential gas-poisoning and fire hazard vember. The single item of failure of the the people in such an area, quite apart upon resumption of gas pressure. electrically-run heating plants in the from the vulnerability of their water The November power failure may homes and business buildings of most of pipes, could hardly be estimated in ad- have seemed bad enough to the millions the 30 million people in the aflfected area vance either. In many communities, an- who suffered the worst from it, but

would set off a chain reaction of horrible other side-effect of unpredictable plainly it was a picnic compared to what proportions. On such a night, in millions proportions would harry utility and pub- might have been. Even the potential at of buildings from New York to Buffalo, lic officials in the midst of all the other that time of a major urban fire disaster from northern New Jersey through all disaster. Millions of people with city gas subsided harmlessly. the New England states and into Canada, in their homes would rush to open all Small wonder that after the blackout water pipes would freeze and burst. Let burners to maintain some heat as the the President stepped in and ordered the the reader imagine the complications of electrically controlled furnaces and heat Federal Power Commission to make a that single result of prolonged power circulation systems failed. In some com- full-scale investigation. When the Com- failure in a densely populated northern munities, the abnormal drain on city gas mission's 19 points of recommendation clime. It has the makings of chaos, death, would lower the pressure to the point were published on December 7, two im- disaster, property ruin and mass exodus where the burners would flicker out. Not portant conclusions stood out:

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 WIDE WORLD

Rockefeller Center, N.Y. City, Nov. 9, 1965. A friendly moon and autos shed the only light. WIDE WORLD

New York's Consolidated Edison emergency control room, Nov. 10. . . . As puzzled as everyone. Power failures can do far worse than has happened yet, given certain conditions.

1. The nationwide electrical system ly independent of public utility supplies. law for hospitals, schools, subways and would have to be overhauled to embody The New York Times editorialized on privately owned multi-story buildings.

an over-all strategy for averting a wide- December 1 1 : "If the November 9 black- (Pennsylvania has long had a law requir- spread breakdown. out can be said to have served a purpose, ing enough standby power to maintain

2. Even then, no assurance could be it is that it focussed attention on the in- lighting in buildings that accommodate given that a major power failure could credible lack of private and public pro- the pubHc.) But the trend toward emer- not occur again. vision for the inevitable emergency." gency generators—more in large build- In view of this conclusion, both official Officialdom of course looked toward ings than in private homes, but in some and private attention was directed to the compelling public buildings to install of those too—had already been growing. increasing nationwide need for reserve auxiliary power. Plans went forward in Power failures from sleet storms, wind- sources of electricity that would be total- New York to require standby power by storms, accidents that knocked down THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE MARCH 1966 g lumbus, Indiana. "Because there is no power. You don't have to know what this way of predicting when or where power means, if you're the type who doesn't may go out next, independent standby know a volt from a bolt. Just make sure power units are needed to maintain es- that if you inquire about a generator se-

sential activities and services." Tull is riously, you talk with the man about one president of Cummins Engine Co., that matches your current. He knows

makers of diesel engines and generators. what it means. Much less publicized than the gener- Homes with certain appliances that ators for public buildings has been the draw a lot of power—electric stoves and quiet investigation of more and more some air-conditioners, etc.—have "dual No Escape From private citizens into the possibilities of voltage." The standard 1 10-120 volt cur- protecting their families with small, home rent goes to most outlets, but the special generators. It was ten years ago that extra-voltage appliances have separate POWER William Morando installed his gasoline- lines carrying (usually) 220-240 volts powered 3,500-watt generator in his ga- to them. If you want to feed one of these rage in Syosset, N.Y. A succession of appliances from a generator you need a FAILURE storm-caused, winter power failures had "dual voltage" generator—an extra-cost cut off his electricity time and again, item. It doesn't make economic sense to DISASTER? sometimes for as long as two days. go in for "dual voltage" if you hold your- Finally, when he lost $150 worth of self to a minimum generator for essential freezer-stored food he installed the gen- emergency needs. If you think about run- erator. In ten years' time he has had 25 ning an electric stove, think about a more

occasions to use it, which makes it, he powerful unit. thinks, a pretty good insurance buy. Where you have a choice in generator power poles and failures within public Now, the leading makers and sellers specifications is in the wattage that your power systems are nothing new, and an of small generators report a flood of in- generator will produce. The more watts, earlier disaster led to an active interest quiries and a substantial growth in sales the more stuff you can operate off of it. in standby power in 1960. In that year, of home generators since November. Once again, if you don't have the in- Hurricane Donna caused blackouts in Today, few private citizens know much stincts of an electrician or a handyman, areas from Massachusetts to Florida for about generators compared to forty you don't have to know what a watt is, two days. After that, many hospitals, years ago. Then, thousands of farm you just have to be able to read and add nursing homes, police and fire depart- homes and many private dwellings on and ask questions. A 50-watt bulb ments, office buildings, radio and TV the outskirts of towns and cities had (which is pretty feeble) says "50 watts" stations put in their own generators. Last their own power plants for full-time elec- on it and it draws, naturally, 50 watts. November 9, they well served those in tric production. The power lines hadn't Six of these, all by themselves, will take the northeast who had exercised such reached far out of the center of town. all the juice that a 300-watt generator foresight. In those days, Delco was perhaps the top will produce. Plainly, while there are In Boston, both the John Hancock and name in private power plants. Then, with some nifty little 300-watt generators the New England Mutual Insurance the Federal Rural Electrification and available at low cost, they were not made Company buildings went over to private the spreading of the private utility wire to operate even the minimum needs of power with enough to run pumps, fans networks, the home generator almost a home, though such generators are great and other vital services and to light stair- passed from the scene. Delco virtually for running a string of six weak light wells so that the tenants were able to got out of the home generator business bulbs around a tent in the country or one descend in safety. In New York City, and so did many of its competitors. They low-horsepower electric motor in the Altman's, a leading department store, focussed more on units for industrial and field. was the only one lit. When the store was commercial use. Though different appliance brands and built some sixty years ago, its own D.C. Today, the leading makers and/ or models vary, you can say that on the generators were incorporated into the sellers of home generators include Onan- average a home refrigerator takes 300 building. Over the years, suggestions Studebaker, of Minnesota; Kohler, of watts, a freezer does too, so does an oil have been made to Altman's manage- Wisconsin, and Homelite, a worldwide burner, and so does a forced home heat- ment to give up standby power, in the subsidiary of Textron Corp. All three of ing circulation system—either a hot-air interest of economy and because the them acknowledge a rush of inquiries blower or a pumped, water-circulation modern electrical facilities are wired for from private homeowners since last fall. system. So these four rather necessary alternating current. Altman's never The growth of sales is markedly up too, and common items to keep going in a heeded these recommendations. An offi- though many who inquire are deterred winter power failure burn 1,200 watts, cial interviewed after the northeast somewhat on learning the cost. Nor are at least, while running, and every one of blackout said, "After the November in- the inquirers as knowledgeable on the them that has a start-and-stop motor cident we never again would consider subject as a farm boy of a generation needs extra power in order to start. You giving up our standby power." ago would have been. should have an extra 1,000 watts to carry The trend to standby private gener- We made ourselves a committee of maximum loads of refrigerator, oil ators in large buildings "has increased one to get from them the basics of burner, heat circulation system and re- slowly but gradually all over the country standby generators for the home, to pass frigerator motors. That brings us to as a result of experiences in tornadoes. them on to readers who may be either 2,200 watts. Add 300 watts to keep six Hoods, hurricanes, snow and ice storms serious about wanting a generator or just 50-watt, or fewer higher wattage, light and power house failures that have in- plain curious to know what's involved. bulbs burning, and you have arrived at terrupted power from minutes to days in A generator has to match the type of our opinion that you should figure on a California, Alaska, Ohio, Louisiana, current in your home, because that's 2,500-watt generator as the minimum to Texas, Kansas, South Dakota. Wiscon- what all your appliances are geared to. keep essentials going in an average home sin, Illinois, Florida, Michigan, Indiana, Virtually the whole country is on 110- if you live in a cold clime. talking about and Missouri, " notes Don Tull of Co- 1 20 volts, alternating current, 60 cycle What, precisely, are we

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • f iRCH 1966 :

Publisher William Morando's Syosset, N.Y., home glowed "like a lighthouse on a dark shore" during the November blackout.

Morando and his 3,500-watt generator, which has been needed 25 times in 10 years. At right, he has his son's family in during blackout.

and what does this recommended mini- constant use in the hands of an experi- erated 2,500 watt-generator, installed, mum come to in money? enced industrial operator. We counsel including all expenses, costs about as A 2,500-watt generator (or any other against depending on city gas because the much as a fairly old, secondhand car. basic generator unit) has two main com- whole idea of a standby generator is to If you go in for some desirable but un- ponents—a motor and the generator it- be independent of power sources over necessary extras, the cost goes up to that self. The motor runs on gasoline or bot- which you have no control. In a big of a better, secondhand car. Approxi-

'' tled gas, and the generator turns the mo- emergency you might be served by a mate cost figures break down to : tor's energy into juice in your home wir- utility company that couldn't supply Generator-motor unit (not installed) ing. We skip mentioning generators that enough gas pressure to meet unusual de- So-called "budget-priced"—$275. First run on either diesel fuel or city gas, ex- mands. An unforeseen freak disaster

cept to counsel against depending on might cripple both gas and electric serv- * Generators are of course available in a either. For a number of reasons, diesel- ices at the same time. If you're buying wider price-range than noted anywhere in this article. It is not our aim to publish a catalog of powered generators aren't practical for independence, buy independence. all models, specifications, brands and dealers, but to give an easily digestible general idea of standby home use. They're better for A complete gasoline or bottled-gas op- the cost and nature of reliable equipment. THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 H The more expensive generator models With the minimum generator the fam-

are slow-running ( 1800 rpm). They last ily must be well trained not to draw more longer and run longer without attention juice than it can supply. The little woman (up to 50 hours between lubrications). mustn't turn on the electric toaster or The cheaper models make up in high the electric room-warmer, or coffee per- speed (3600 rpm) what they lack in colator. Appliances that produce heat solid, rugged performance. They wear burn far more watts than lights or mo- out sooner and need more frequent at- tors. Even a small toaster can gobble up tention (four hours between lubrications well over 1,000 watts. The washing ma- —or risk a burned out motor). chine, vacuum cleaner, TV, etc., should But some high-speed models run on a not be used, unless it has been carefully gas-oil mixture, like many outboard mo- figured out that one of them may be used tors, hence need little lubrication atten- while something else like the furnace or POWER tion. refrigerator is temporarily turned off. Now for some extras. One extra of Better yet, with a minimum generator, course is the "dual voltage" feature to just settle for heat, light and food storage FAILURE tie into things like electric stoves. As —at a time when the neighbors lack even noted, it doesn't make good sense to go those—and endure the other limitations DISASTER? in for that at the 2,500-watt level. There with a smile. are three kinds of turn-on devices. The You have to decide where to put your basic generator is started by hand, and generator. You need a place that satisfies can be as easy or as nasty as an outboard both you and any local ordinances.

A propane-run 5,000-watt Onan electric generator kept lights, power failure for this 7-room Carmel, N.Y., home. 600 lbs. of oil furnace, freezer and refrigerator going during the Nov. propane will run this ample generator for about 109 hours. line quality—$375 to $425. motor. Manual starting is the cheapest, Naturally a device that emits exhaust Professional installation: In the range but can be rough on women or elderly fumes must be so installed as to cause of $150 to $300, depending, of course, persons. Push-button remote control their safe discharge. on all the particulars of your situation starting (embraced in our maximum in- The choice of bottled gas or gasoline that aren't visible from here. Do not let stallation figures) operates off of a bat- power is also up to you, except that local an amateur install a generator. Not only tery, like an automobile self-starter. laws in some cases may limit the storage are certain safety and other installation Anyone can throw it in easily. Since you and use of one or the other on private features absolutely imperative, but vari- won't be running the generator every premises. In New York City (where few ous local laws, known to licensed electri- day, the starter battery could secretly go people have privately-owned one-family cians, must also be complied with. dead. You have to check up on it reg- homes anyway) bottled gas is illegal. If

Double throw switch: $60. The double ularly. Fully automatic starting is the the choice is yours, gasoline is more eco- switch prevents the power company line status symbol of the home generator nomical—though fuel economy doesn't and the generator from ever being tied clan. When the power goes off all over cut much ice where an engine isn't going into your home wiring at the same time. town, your lights flicker for an instant, to run many days a year. Bottled gas is It is an absolute, positive must. You then you go on with your card game. cleaner, and less of a fire hazard. It is don't want the city power to come pour- Such starting is triggered by the failure not only cleaner in storage, but it doesn't ing into your generator, and the city of outside power. You pay for it, of dirty up the engine's innards as fast as doesn't want your generator to knock a course—from about $250 to $1,000, de- gasoline does. An electric, shut-off valve lineman off of a pole when he's repairing pending on how fancy you want to get. can be installed to guard against explo- what he thinks is a dead wire. P.S. It's il- Strictly a luxury item in the home gen- sions or fire from leaks of bottled gas. legal not to have a double switch. erator field (it doesn't even make engi- Repairing the carburetor on a motor run

So the maximum cost figures of a first- neering sense unless your generator is a on bottled gas could be a minor prob- rate minimum standby generator for an powerful one), fully automatic starting lem. A lot more people know how to average home in a northern clime are is a necessity in the standby power plants overhaul and adjust a gasoline carburetor $425 plus $300 plus $60—or $785, al- of such establishments as hospitals, than a propane carburetor. For $30 to lowing for the most expensive likely in- where outside power can fail in the midst $50 you can install a combination car- stallation. Plainly, you can do better than of surgery, halt iron lungs, etc.''' buretor that can be switched from bot- that. The $300 installation figure is well tled gas to gasoline in about ten minutes. * Institutions like hospitals sometimes add above the norm, and has room in it for a There you have the basic information. wings, annexes and additional power-using push-button self-starter, which is desira- equipment, without retailoring their emergency Now how about a more powerful gen- power plants to meet the new demands. Such ble but not necessary. oversight can be an invitation to tragedy. erator? (Continued on page 44) 12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH ]966 Tiris HE MANS

Time to call it a day. Get hold of a 7-Up highball and unbend a bit. Seven-Up smooths out the corners and rounds off the edges in good drinking whiskey. Don't let anyone kid you. It's a man's world. Drink hearty. Seven-Up—the one you never outgrow. Copyright 1966 by The Seven-Up Company By TOM MAHONEY

Come all you rounders, if you want to hear A story 'bout a brave engineer- Casey Jones was the rounder's name On a six eight wheeler, boys, he won his fame. ^ THUS BEGINS what Carl Sandburg, the poet, calls "the greatest ballad ever written on the North Ameri- can continent." Who was Casey Jones? Just about everybody knows that Casey was a railroad engineer who was killed in a wreck. But the chances are that your facts are hazy unless you are a railroad history buff or live in Jackson, Tenn., where his old home has been converted into a museum and keeps his memory green for around 30,000 visitors a year. Casey Jones was born Johnathan Luther Jones in southeastern Missouri on March 14, 1863. When he was a boy, his schoolteacher father moved the family to the village of Cayce, Ky.. and be-

Casey roared out of a dense fog, and, too late, saw a caboose's red lights on the track ahead The Life and

His death at the throttle of IlHnois Central Engine 382

man. 6 feet 4 inches tall, Casey was then As jockeys carry their own saddles one of the best engineers of the Illinois from mount to mount, many of the engi- Central Railroad. The airplane had not neers had their own steam whistles that yet been invented. There were just a few they took from locomotive to locomo- automobiles, mostly around New York's tive. A St. Louis admirer gave Casey his Johnathan Luther (Casey) Jones Central Park, and no highways. Rail- whistle, a six-lute calliope affair that roads were the only means of getting played a "whippoorwill" tune like no cause of this Johnathan Luther became about thecountry. Many passenger sched- other. He was so famous for being on Casey. He was one of five children, four ules were as fast or faster than thev are time that people up and down the rail- boys and a girl. Three of the bovs became todav. The engineers who handled the road set their watches to the lonesome Illinois Central locomotive engineers. big steam locomotives that pulled the wail of his whistle. He did not drink, but His sister and two of his brothers died crack trains were the most glamorous had a reputation for speed and reckless- violently, but none so dramatically and men in the land. ness dating from his fast freight days. spectacularly as Casev in 1900. He had been suspended nine times for »n & .Seibert. A handsome, blue-eyed. 37-year-old issigned to Sh-ipirt rule infraction, but there been no N.Y. Used by Pen had 14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 The caboose and two cars were shattered, then No. 382 flipped over drunkenly and came to rest on its side. Only Casey died. Death of Casey Jones

with his whippoorwill whistle screaming, is still celebrated in song after 66 years.

ILLUSTRATED BY EUCLID SHOOK complaint against him for three years Negro fireman named Sim T. Webb and and no passenger was ever killed riding The Illinois Central had four fast pas- given a new locomotive. No. 382. It was with Casey Jones. also He was known for senger trains a day running between Chi- not "a six eight wheeler." There is no his kindness and consideration for the cago and New Orleans. Going south, such thing in railroad terminology. No. Negroes who fired and cared for his loco- they were No. 1 and No. 3. No. 1 was 382 was a fast ten-wheel McQueen with motives. called the New Orleans Special or Can- six driving wheels six feet high. nonball Express, and No. 2 the Chicago Casey and No. 382 brought No. 2 The caller called Casey at a half past four Fast Mail; but they were the line's fastest north into Memphis exactly on time at Kissed his wife at the station door trains and were all popularly called the 10 p.m., April 29, 1900. He was sched- Mounted to the cabin with his orders in Cannonball expresses. Casey drew the as- uled to rest there and take No. 1 south his hand signment early in 1900 of helping pilot at 11:35 p.m. the next day. But at the And he took his trip farewell to that these trains over the fast 1 88-mile stretch roundhouse he learned that Sam Tate, Promised Land." between Memphis, Tenn.. and Canton, the engineer due to take No. 1 south that

Miss., on a 50-mile-an-hour schedule. same evening, ill. • Copyright 1909 by Newton & Seibert. was Copyright renewed and as.signeU to Shapiro, Bernstein and Co., Inc.. New York, N.Y. Used by Permission He was assigned a worshipful, young (Continued on next page)

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 15 ,

CONTINUE "The Life and Death of Casey Jones

He toot-ed for the cross-ing with an aw - ful shrill The switch-man knew by the

en - gine's moan That the man at the throt - tie was Ca sey Jones.

"I'll double back," volunteered Casey. Put in your water and shovel your one scheduled train coming the other He needed the extra money. Thirteen coal, way, the northbound No. 2, so he con- years earlier, when he was 22 and she Put your head out the window, watch tinued to highball southward. 16, Casey had become a Catholic to them drivers roll "The old lady's got her high heel slip-

marry Jane Brady, the daughter of his I'll run her till she leaves the rail pers on tonight!" Jones shouted to Sim rooming-house keeper, in St. Mary's 'Cause I'm eight hours late with that across the cab. Church at Jackson, Tenn. They had Western mail* three children. Because of his new run. The switchman knew by the engine's Casey was planning to buy a house in "We'll have a pretty tough time getting moan Memphis and move his family there. into Canton on the dot, Sim, but I be- That the man at the throttle was Casey * His only condition for "doubling lieve we can make it," Casey told his Jones.

CASEY JONES R.R. MUSEUM

\ 698 MILES TO CHICAGO 221 MILES TO NEW ORLEANS

FIREMAN WEBB JUMPED HERE

' ' CANNON BALL" -> ^ ^r-', -I LONG FREIGHT ON SIDING HEADED NORTH

' I I FOUR CARS STALLED / /^O ' ^-^^ DOUBLE-HEADER FREIGHT ~^ - CASEY ON - y^^^ " " ON SIDING HEADED SOUTH : THE TORPEDO MAIN LINE FLAGMAN GIVES SIGNAL^

NORTH LOCAL PASSENGER TRAIN ON SIDING

On siding at Vaughan, Miss., freights were to begin "sawing" process so No. 382 could pass, when breakdown occurred, setting up crash.

back" was that he use his own engine. fireman. Sim shoveled the coal. With the He was almost on time when he made No. 382, with the whippoorwill whistle. whippoorwill whistle wailing at stations his last scheduled stop at Durant, 30 As the southbound Cannonball was run- and crossings, they began to make up miles to the south of Winona. He took ning late, there was time to give Casey's time as No. 382 roared southward. Casey the siding at Goodman a little farther

engine the usual servicing. In fact, it was poured on the steam. With bursts of on to let No. 2, the northbound Cannon- not 11:35 p.m., but 12:50 a.m. when speed more than 90 miles an hour, Casey ball, pass. This delayed him just five min- Casey Jones "mounted to the cabin" and made up 55 minutes of time in the utes and he sped onward at 75 miles an the 12-coach Cannonball, at least 75 straight, level 102-mile stretch to Gre- hour over a supposedly clear track. He minutes late, moved southward out of nada, Miss., his first stop. was only two minutes behind schedule the Poplar Street Station in Memphis. Milestones and telegraph poles flew as he approached Vaughan, 22 miles Sim Webb later said the train was 90 by as he kept up his blazing speed south of Durant and 14 miles north of minutes late. through the murky night. In the 23 miles Canton.

from Grenada to Winona, he made up Incredibly, Cannonball No. 1 had 15 minutes more. It was a single track made up 73 minutes of lost time in 174 CDpyrlKlll inon liy Newton & Sciheit. Copyright renewed and assijrned to shapi railroad, he to J. and Co.. Inc., Now York, N.Y. Used hy Per but had watch out for only miles. "This means," wrote Fred Lee, 16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE MARCH 1966 ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILHOAD an Illinois Central engineer of the time, "that there were times when she was driving through the night considerably in excess of 100 miles per hour, and hardly below 65 miles per hour at any time!" Twelve minutes more at the same speed and Casey would have arrived in Canton on time. But as he swept around an "S" curve into Vaughan, the red lights of a freight train caboose loomed up ahead in the foggy night. "We're gonna hit!" shouted Sim Webb, the fireman. Casey Jones reacted swiftly. He shut off the throttle, applied the air brakes, pulled the reverse lever, opened the sand dome wide and sounded a blast on the "whippoorwill" whistle. "Jump, Sim!" he shouted. "Unload!" As the express slowed from 75 to perhaps 50 miles an hour in a few yards. Sim jumped. Casey Jones stayed at the controls and just failed to brake his train collision. short of The only known picture of Casey in his cab was taken in 1898. Engine No. 638 was his"par' With a crash heard for miles, his loco- for five years. After Its retirement, Casey was given No. 382 and the Cannonball route. motive splintered the caboose at 3:52 a.m. It also plowed through a car of hay ahead and on into the next one which CASEY JONES was loaded with shelled corn. Tons of MY HUSBAND the scene. © By MRS. CASEY JONES In Collaboration with LYSLE TOMERLIN corn were scattered over No. 0. 382 then left the rails and turned on her side. The tender and all of the coaches of the Cannonball remained on the track. Casey Jones was the only person killed. He was found with an iron bolt driven through his neck and a bale of hay crushing his body. Sim Webb was picked up unconscious where he jumped, but was only bruised. He accepted $5 in full payment of any claim against the railroad. An express messenger who was badly bruised ac- The whippoorwill whistle. Most engineers In 1938, Casey's wife collaborated on a had their own, Casey among them, and song about him intended to offset an ear- cepted $23. Two postal clerks and a lady each carried his from engine to engine. lier, inaccurate, but successful, version. passenger accepted $1 each for their hurts. Cleaning up the wreckage, according to Illinois Central records, cost only $3,323.75, including $1,396.25 for repairing Engine No. 382 and returning her to service under another number.

How had it happened? Two freight trains, one northbound and one southbound, had been ordered to a siding at Vaughan, but their combined length was four cars longer than the 3,148-foot siding. To let passenger train No. 2 pass, they had executed what railroad men call a "saw by." They moved north on the siding until No. 2 stopped alongside on the main track. Then, they pulled back until the way was clear ahead. They repeated the ma- neuver to let a local passenger train into a spur on the other side of the Vaughan station. They were preparing to do a third "saw by" to let Casey Jones through when a rubber air hose broke and froze all the wheels of one of the freight trains, leaving four cars on the track in the path {Continued on page 42)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 17 :

New"Vietnams 95 in Latin America?

Just as in Vietnam, red rural guerrillas and city terrorists are

now taking on the authorities throughout Spanish America.

PICTORIAL PARADE By CHARLES W. WILEY and

RICHARD J. BOCKLET

A LMOST UNNOTICED by most Ameri- /\ cans in their daily concern with I V the war in Vietnam, world communism is today far advanced on a project for coordinated warfare on the Viet Cong plan throughout Latin America. It may come as a shock to many readers to realize (1) That Peru has been in a state of siege since last July, its national army engaged in battles with red guerrillas in more than half of Peru's 23 states; (2) That rural red guerrillas run areas in six states of Colombia as if they were the government: (3) That many businessmen are leaving Guatemala following a wave of ransom kidnappings by Cuban-sponsored communists bands;

( 4 ) That at least a dozen combat guerrilla brigades, organized as the "Armed Forces of National Liberation" (FALN) are operating in some areas in over half of Venezuela's 20 states, while a separate group, the UTC (Tactical Combat Venezuela: A government soldier wounded in a rural skirmish is evacuated. Units), engages in hit-and-run terrorist blows in Venezuelan cities, like the Viet plan, the "war of national liberation," to govern or protect the nation's people. Cong in Saigon. enunciated by Khrushchev, designed in When attacked, the guerrillas slip

This pattern differs from the past his- detail bv Red China. It is the war in across international borders, hole up in tory of Latin American revolution and which, if possible, armies never meet; wild outlying areas or simply mingle political intrigue that has boiled and bub- the war in which terrorist bands, fed, with the civilian population. The cities bled for more than a century. It is or- armed and directed from the outside, themselves are attacked not by armies, ganized, directed and supported as a sin- work together in adjoining nations to a but by hit-run sabotage and terror inci- gle effort from the outside by the Soviet single purpose. Thev seek to destroy a dents and whatever mob disorders may Union, Red China and Castro's Cuba, country by terrorizing the rural areas, be incited. with more support from the communist eventually reducing a nation to isolated Latin America, largely undeveloped parties of other nations. and besieged cities, so that the govern- and plagued with great problems, with

The plan is precisely the Vietnam ment topples through its sheer inability much of its vast territory covered with

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MA RCH 1966 PICTORIAL PARADE

Venezuela: A city public service bus is bombed with a Molotov cocktail and five passengers are seriously injured.

jungles and mountains, is ideal for guer- bonds have been issued for "Defense victory. But the terror still waxes and rilla-terror wars. The communists are of National Sovereignty." Government wanes, especially in the hinterland. Guer- preparing for such wars in nearly every forces have given and received heavy cas- rillas continue to enter rural Venezuelan Latin nation, and are well into the shoot- ualties in jungle and Andes mountain towns in brief raids, to hold classes in ing stage in Peru, Colombia, Guatemala fighting, where heHcopters and bombers communist theory for residents; rob the and Venezuela. have been employed. In southern Peru, stores and banks; slaughter local police, U.S. Sec'y of State Dean Rusk re- military checkpoints dot major roads. On and kidnap officials for either ransom or cently put the case to the Organization the high Andes road near Cuzco, the an- murder. Peasants who resist are killed of American States, meeting in Rio de cient Inca capital, one of the authors of and their bodies publicly displayed as a Janeiro, when he noted that the Western this report (Wiley) was stopped eight warning. Venezuela's major wealth is oil, Hemisphere is "not yet free from the times in eight hours to be identified. Fol- and the pipelines from the oil fields to same threat" of "communist war of lib- lowing a bloody mountain battle east of the coast have been blasted by red sabo- eration" that is raging in South Vietnam. Lima, Jauja airport was jammed with teurs time and again. Murders, bomb- U.S. Senator Thomas Dodd (Conn.), stretcher bearers, doctors and nurses ings, assassinations of officials and the in a lengthy, factual report, asked the evacuating wounded soldiers. machinegunning of U.S.-owned com- Senate to ponder a "hemispheric Viet- In Venezuela, government forces have panies mark the activities of the city- nam" with "guerrilla uprisings occurring been stamping out red strongpoints for raiding communist UTC. During the last simultaneously" throughout the Latin na- years, only to see new ones arise. In 1963, two years, UTC killers have casually shot tions. the reds tried to throw the country into down on-duty city police week after In Peru, the army took over last sum- leaderless chaos by breaking up the na- week. After eight Caracas policemen mer when guerrilla activity could no tional elections. The government safe- had been slain on their beats in two

longer be controlled by local police or guarded the polls, fighting ofi" a bloody weeks last October, enraged National the national guard. Ten million dollars in communist campaign, to win a significant Guard officials put up a $5,000 dead-or-

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 19 CONTINUED New"Vietnams"/>2 Latin America?

mala City. They claim to have killed hundreds of government soldiers in mountain clashes. They regularly assas- sinate lone soldiers and police at night. In the city they have tossed random bombs (one killed ten soldiers during a parade in Guatemala City) .In 1965, they succeeded in assassinating the Minister of Defense. Today, armed soldiers, stationed at all government buildings in Guatemala City, demand identification of all visitors. The U.S. Embassy, guarded day and night, resembles a small fortress. Jeeps bearing armed soldiers patrol the streets of the capital 24 hours a day. Even traffic police are heavily armed. All of this activity gets unified leadership, money, arms, training, purpose and strategy on a continental scope from abroad—which is why Senator Dodd warned that it is something new—a potential "hemispheric Vietnam" and not to be taken as a series of isolated "ba- nana republic" revolutions. Let's briefly trace the resources of the terrorists in Peru, Colombia, Venezuela and Guatemala. Small arms and dynamite are easily obtained locally anywhere in Latin America, but heavier military equipment from Iron Curtain countries now flows across borders and beaches that are too extensive, wild and remote for constant Peru: Heavily armed government forces seek out red guerrillas in an Andes high- government patrol. In a dozen countries, land near Huancayo, following attacks on ranches and murders of police. insurgents and guerrilla bands have ma- alive reward for guerrilla leader Juan the guerrillas tax the people, hold court, chineguns, mortars, antitank and anti- Simon Almerida and two of his aides. control the planting and harvest, give aircraft guns. Colombia has been so riddled with men, women and children compulsory A large part of the Peruvian insurgent mob violence and organized terror that classes in Marxism, recruit and train arms comes through Bolivia, on the east,

it is estimated that 300,000 people have peasants to be terrorists and workers to and by way of Ecuador on the north. been killed there during and since the be union saboteurs. Rural training cen- Colombian rebel arms have been iden- riot that tore the capital city of Bogota ters are attended by student and faculty tified to be of Cuban and European com- apart in 1948. Fidel Castro, as a student, communists from the city universities. munist origin. The communists in Co-

took part in that and proclaimed it a The Colombian 6th Army Brigade, lombia even give arms to ordinary non-

communist revolution. But it was actual- backed by a fleet of helicopters, has been political outlaw robber bands, since they ly an explosion of Latin political rivalry, chasing two of the "independent repub- too help further the communist-desired communist urged anti-American provo- lic presidents" (Pedro "Sure Shot" Marin destruction of the fabric of law and or- cation and leftist student incitement that and Maj. Ciro Castano) around the der. went off with an unprecedented and un- mountains of Riochiquito for several Castro's Cuba, of course, has long run planned bang. months. weapons ashore on the Venezuelan coast. Today, the forces that produced the Guatemala, which had a brief red gov- In November 1963, police discovered a

bloody 1948 "Bogotazo" are being chan- ernment in 1 954, is yet another target of huge arms cache on a desolate beach op- nelled by the reds into the Vietnam pat- the "war of liberation." There the de- posite Cuba. Buried in a large hole were tern. Colombia is saturated with com- tails are similar to the pattern of Peru, $300,000 worth of 20mm antiaircraft munist activist groups similar to the Viet Venezuela and Colombia. Hit-and-run guns, antitank guns, .50 caliber machine- Cong. One of these alone, the "Worker- violence, based in the interior and mak- guns, bazookas and 60mm mortars. Ra- Student-Peasant Movement," has set up ing forays into Guatemala City, is now dio Havana has openly boasted that

17 armed revolutionary fronts in the outpacing the ability of the government Cuba is helping the "freedom fighters" of

mountains 100 miles northeast of Bo- to contain it. Venezuela "with all the means at our dis- gota. In the remote hinterland, various Two guerrilla forces control large posal." Colombian communist military organi- areas in two Guatemalan states, with Last July, $110,000 worth of arms, zations have proclaimed six "independ- power extending from the Gulf of Hon- medical supplies and radio transmitters ent republics," each with a trained com- duras several hundred miles along the were seized at a guerrilla camp in the munist "president." In these remote areas Minas mountain range east of Guate- Falcon State mountains. Venezuelan au- 20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 WIDE WORLD

Colombian hinterland: In the rural area of Tolima, Colombian army men seek out communist armed, financed and led bandit gangs.

CHARLES W. WILEY cities as well as remote areas. Lima, Peru, has seen as many as three or four communist robberies a night, a major hotel bombing and so many bank robberies that the banks have taken on extra guards. Last August, the Peruvian police reported capturing an agent known as "Kazan," a courier running foreign money in to the Peruvian guerrillas from La Paz, Bolivia. Police said he confessed that the funds originated in Cuba, Red China and Ben Bella's Algeria. A Peru- vian congressional committee estimated that $4 million of foreign money has been spent thus far to support organized red terror in South America, on a continental basis. Kidnapping for ransom and for terror purposes has reached such proportions in Colombia that the government has Colombian city: Followers of the Chinese Communist line bombed the War Ministry in set up a National Investigation Commis- Bogota, killing several women workers. sion for Kidnapping. In the last year, kidnappings there have averaged one every thorities said they were airdropped from ernment believes that guerrillas have three days. Wealthy people carry arms Cuban planes. These seizures, and other such plants still operating. constantly, and Colombian authorities stepped-up air, sea and border patrols, The Guatemalan Army says that the have told well-to-do residents that their have turned the guerrillas to a new tactic guerrillas in their country are getting safety can't be guaranteed. They have —making their own weapons. This came most of their arms from Castro by way been given arms and weapons-training to light last October when Venezuelan of the port of Belize in British Honduras, and urged to form self-defense groups. security police raided a terrorist training and still more through the mountain Occasionally, photos of Bogota society center in an innocent looking farmhouse wildernesses of Honduras. Additional women practicing on the firing range at Lagunita—25 miles southwest of Ca- arms, they say, come in through Mexico. have appeared in the papers. racas—and discovered it to be an arms Last August, police in Guatemala City Our own C.I.A. estimates that Vene- and munitions factory too. Beneath the uncovered a rebel arms cache with zuelan guerrillas have received over a one-story house was a complex system weapons of United States, French and million dollars from Cuba since 1960, of tunnels and underground workrooms Czechoslovakian manufacture. and the Soviet Union has been caught

behind electrically operated doors. Mod- The whole communist world is feeding red-handed pumping in money too. Last ern machinery was turning out mortars, money into Latin America's "Viet April, police arrested Moscow agent Dr. machineguns and other arms and am- Cong," while the armed terrorists there Alesandro Beltramini at the Caracas air- munition. A Russian flag was on the wall. also support themselves with the bank port with $330,000 in American money Authorities considered the raid to be robberies, store robberies, "taxation" of destined for the terrorists. Beltramini, a one of their most successful blows peasants in isolated rural towns and an Communist Party member of the Italian against the rgd terrorists. A Spanish com- increasing "trade" in kidnapping middle Chamber of Deputies, was accompanied munist scientist who directed the opera- and upper-class people for ransom. Rob- by two female communists from Spain tion was killed in the raid. But the gov- bery and kidnappings occur in the large {Continued on page 46)

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 21 BASEBALL SHOULD BE EXEMPT WASHINGTON PRO & CON OPPOSING VIEWS ON WHETHER PRO

SHOULD PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL

National League teams. In 1964, for example, the Rep. Clement J. Zablocki (D Wis.) and 4th District Columbia Broadcasting System bought the New York marking the first time a network had gained ALL PROFESSIONAL team Yankees, OF actual control of a baseball team. sports, organized baseball The power of TV over baseball also is apparent in alone is exempt from the re- the decision to move the Milwaukee Braves to Atlanta, strictions of the nation's anti- Ga. Milwaukee, which once set the National League at- trust laws. This highly privi- tendance record, is recognized as a good baseball town, position results from a leged geographical but it has a limited TV market because of 1922 U.S. Supreme Court de- location. Atlanta, on the other hand, is the focal point cision that professional baseball of a large area of the South and rich with potential was a "personal effort," a sport rather than a com- broadcasting money. That apparently is the reason the mercial venture. Although baseball and the times have Braves' owners want to move there. They are shame- changed drastically, the decision has remained, mainly thousands of either fully disregarding the hundreds of because it has never been seriously challenged Braves' fans m Wisconsin who loyally have supported in the courts or by Congress. the team for years. Baseball was principally a sport in 1922; today it is in televising There is, of course, nothing wrong first and foremost a big business. Major league fran- games or making a profit. But something is wrong with chises cost millions of dollars and generally are owned claiming an exemption from antitrust laws as a sport by syndicates of wealthy businessmen. These business- and then using that privilege for strictly business pur- men tend to view their teams as they would any other poses which flaunt the public interest. That is the investment, in terms of the profits to be made. Base- introduced a bill into Congress which very profitable, particularly reason I have ball, indeed, has become ex- would strip the baseball industry of its antitrust because of lucrative television and radio contracts. emption. In 1965, for example, organized professional baseball Stringent measures are necessary in order to re- of $25,310,000 from the sale of game reaped a total national store public confidence to what once was our broadcasting rights. Broadcasters, in turn, charged pastime. Congress cannot do more damage to the sport sponsors $85 million for advertising rights. The result than its owners have done already. has been that team owners are more concerned about the fan in the armchair at home than the fan in the stands. Baseball today is being operated not so much to quicken the clicks of the turnstiles at the ball park as to affect the click of TV channel selectors. Further evidence of the ties between baseball and broadcasting are the many persons with extensive holdings in radio and television stations and networks who are officials and major stockholders of American

of your Senators know how you feel If you wish to let your Congressman or one

facing page and mail it to him.— on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the FROM ANTITRUST LAWS BY REP. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, WIS., AND CHARLES LONGSTREET WELTNER, GAJ

BE PUT UNDER ANTITRUST LAWS?

Rep. Charles Longstreet Weltner "the orderly way to eliminate error or discrimination, (D-Ga.) 5th District if any there be, is by legislation and not by court de- ON January 4, 1965, a bill, cision." H.R. 6, was introduced in During the current session of Congress, bills have Congress which would place been introduced in both the House and Senate which, professional baseball under the with certain important exceptions, would place all complete jurisdiction of federal professional team sports under the jurisdiction of the antitrust laws. In my opinion antitrust laws. Antitrust laws will not apply to agree- such legislation, if enacted into ments and rules pertaining to: law, would prove detrimental to Equalization of competitive player strengths; the future of professional baseball. In the first place, Employment, selection or eligibility of players, or it would place such important business practices as the reservation, selection or assignment of player player drafts, reserve clauses and territorial franchises contracts; under the cloak of legal uncertainty. Also, such legis- The right to operate within specific geographic areas. lation would negate two Supreme Court decisions of This proposal, strongly supported by ex-Commis- 1922 and 1953 which held that professional baseball sioner Ford Frick and the Senate Judiciary Commit- was "not a subject of commerce," and thus was not tee, would clear up uncertainty pertaining to business subject to the antitrust laws. practices outlined above, would prohibit improper Professional baseball today is a highly competitive restraint and would allow all professional team sports enterprise, both on and off the field. Competition, not to continue to operate effectively by self-regulation.

monopoly, is the best assurance of success to baseball H.R. 6, however, poses a serious threat to self-regu- owners and players alike. lation because all business practices of professional In order to maintain equalization of competitive baseball would be subject to antitrust laws. strength between teams, it is necessary for clubs to Professional baseball has benefited immensely from engage in substantial cooperation—for example, in the self-regulation. If professional baseball is to continue distribution of player talent and in the granting of to serve the national interest, we must assure the con- territorial rights to team franchises. Under the Com- tinuance of those natural, competitive instincts which missioner of Baseball, baseball has managed its own have made it the national sport. house, and done so quite well. in opposing H.R. 6, I realize that during the 1950's the U.S. Supreme Court rendered two important opinions which place professional basketball, football and ice hockey squarely under the jurisdiction of the federal antitrust laws. Aware that these opinions collided with those on professional baseball, the Court stated,

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I have read in The American Legion Magazine IN MY OPINION PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL SHOULD SHOULD NOT BE PUT UNDER ANTITRUST LAWS. for [\^arch the arguments in PRO & CON:

SIGNED . Should Professional Baseball Be Put Under ADDRESS Antitrust Laws? TOWN STATE.,

I_.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 23 \

1 THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE" Part THREE The Bulge is Erased

From Bastogne to the Meuse the German

attack in the Bulge was finally stopped,

reversed, then erased in brutal blizzards.

At St. Vith, the 106th Division was in such terrible trouble on the very first This series of articles on the Battle day that when the Ninth Army (far to of the Bulge has no one author. It north) sent him the 7th Armored is based on (a) A manuscript by Col. the Barney Oldfield; (b) Hugh Cole's Division, Middleton placed the whole official Army history; (c) The 5-year research of Anthony Lazzarino for a division at and behind St. Vith. preparation for Columbia film still in the Third Army promptly sent release; (d) Interviews by the edi- When tors, by writer Pete Martin and him the 10th Armored Division from the others with Gen. Bruce Clarke, tank commander at St. Vith, and with south, Middleton kept but one of its three German Gen. von Manteuffel, Fifth Commands, CCB, at Bastogne. Panzer Army commander in the Combat Bulge, and (e) Numerous unit and The other two he sent to the German battle histories. Condensation to in the Echternach magazine-size is attributable to the Seventh Army front of this magazine. staff area, where it was feared that the enemy Seventh Army was trying to drive southwest (off map) to Luxemburg city. (It was split off south to the Echternach didn't. Its job was to seize and hold the theater, both by the sheer weight of the MOST POWERFUL and successful south flank of the Bulge to keep Patton's enemy on the middle. THEbreakthrough of the German Third Army from coming north into the Bastogne was left with only the 1 10th it, with two- armies in the Battle of the Bulge Bulge.). Regiment in front of and division in reserve. that began on December 16, 1944, was Middleton had a tank division of his thirds of an armored time there'd be the smash of six divisions (three of them own, the 9th Armored. He shared the Plainly, in a very short help, nor panzer—or armored) squarely over a wealth of the 9th too. St. Vith got CCB. nothing left of them without from free- piece of the original frontline that was The Echternach area had CCA at the anything to stop the invaders without conceivable limit, thinly manned by the beat-up and "rest- start and kept it. Middleton had CCR wheeling west, at Bastogne. out of the commanding Ardennes road- ing" 1 10th Infantry Regiment. This blow (reserve)

1 centered on Bastogne. fell on the frontline roughly due east of During December 6th and early into net latter reason, not only Middle- Houffalize and Bastogne (see map, p. the 17th he entertained no immediate For the high all the way 27). fears for Bastogne. In front of it (he ton, but the command Eisenhower, realized that The size of this blow only became ap- thought) were all three regiments of the up to General at all costs. An parent after Gen. Troy Middleton, in 28th Division under Gen. Norman D. Bastogne must be held perceived Bastogne, had dispatched most of his Cota, the 112th, 110th and 109th, from enemy invasion of the size now Bastogne's road junction available reserves and early reinforce- north to south. would require its future operations west. ments to his besieged divisions on other But when on December 16 and 17 the to support propose? parts of the Bulge front. enemy piled six divisions onto the mid- What did Middleton breathing time that dying men As Eighth Corps Commander, all of dle of the 28th Division front, the Ger- In the were giving him the American divisions from St. Vith mans gave Middleton's neighbors two of in front of Middleton he proposed that south to below Echternach were his his regiments that he hadn't intended to propose anything, tough, experienced 82nd and 101st babies (the U.S. 106th, 28th, 9th Ar- to give them. The 1 12th was cut off and the miles mored and 4th Divisions). forced north to St. Vith, and the 109th Airborne Divisions, resting 100 24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 Machinegunners guard Patton's tanks on the Bastogne perimeter as Hitler hurls eight divisions at the town in January.

4th Armored Division infantrymen, who broke into Bastogne, seek Paratroopers of the 82nd Airborne Division haul ammunition by out the enemy still assaulting that town 13 days after its relief. sled as the Allies mount their final counterattack in the Bulge. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 25 .

THE STORY OF BASTOGNE

Airborne paratroops hail arrival of 1 Survivors of the 110th Regiment. It held massive forces out 2 Now surrounded, 101st cleared on December 23rd. of Bastogne until the 101st Airborne Division could arrive. airdropped supplies as the weather

CONTINUED THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE" Part THREE The Bulge is Erased

jalopy can snarl traffic in a away at Rheims, France, be trucked Middleton did not bear down on Bas- overheated posthaste to Bastogne, where he'd throw togne at all in the first three days when city rush hour. days the 1 1 0th Regiment them up in a north-south Hne running the town might have "fallen like a ripe For three from Bastogne through HouffaUze, and plum." These were the 116th Panzer and bled its life away on the road nets before Bastogne at bridges, crossroads, artil- perhaps all the way to St. Vith, to block 560th Volksgrenadier (infantry) which — in hamlets with the whole German advance. Ike agreed. scooted by fast, wandered in search of an lery strongpoints, and like Clerf, Wiltz, Weiler, Hosin- (Which shows how little the size of the Ourthe River crossing, fought their first names Eschweiler. Slowly the German attack was grasped even on its big battle at Hotton, and ended up in the gen, Marnach, to dead, wounded second day.) Hotton-Marche area December 23, after 110th was reduced still had The two paratroop divisions got orders the tank division crossed the Ourthe at and stragglers, but the enemy miles between itself and Bastogne. to move late on the 17th, and were roll- La Roche on the 22nd. The arrow that some dissolved (its last ing east toward the Bulge in trucks in a passes closest to HoufTalize on our map As the regiment Wiltz, near few hours, with the 82nd leading. But shows these wanderings. organized unit fell apart at Bastogne, on the 19th), Middleton sent while they were still under way the situa- But back on the roads before Bastogne the 9th Armored to carry on tion in the north around Trois Fonts, the 2nd Panzer Division (whose arrow out CCR of virtually chewed to where the 1st SS Panzer Division was passes north of Bastogne), the Panzer the delay. It was tankers plunging, required that the 82nd Air- Lehr Division (whose arrow passes south pieces in one day and night. The organize any sort of battle, but borne peel off for there. That, and the of Bastogne), and the 26th VG (infan- couldn't divide into small taskforces to rapid push of the German center (the tail try) Division (not shown) all bore down had to feeding into Bastogne end of the 82nd was almost overrun near on Bastogne; while slicing along just to block road points Divi- the east. There they stood and con- HoufTalize on its way north), outmoded their south came the 5th Parachute from with their fire while they any notion of a north-south line through sion (not shown) fused the enemy hundreds in places with HoufTalize. Instead the question was: On an open field these powerful forces died by the Mageret and Aller- What would keep the German divisions could have been in Bastogne shortly after names like Longvilly, jumpofT the 16th, even if Mid- born. out of Bastogne until the 1 01st Airborne their on (9th) was disintegrating, its could get there, about the early morning dleton threw everything he had at them. As CCR survivors seeking backways of the 19th? But this was the Ardennes in winter, with chopped up paths to Bastogne to fight Hitler lent a hand. In his hurry to get its mud, snow, rain, fog, hills, gulches, and wood again, Middleton called on his last re- tanks west to the Meuse he was several narrow roads, limited tank-supporting sent out roadblock teams from days behind the Americans in realizing bridges, and its potential for traffic jams, serve and (10th). they in turn struggled the immense importance of the Bastogne supply pileups and general confusion. A CCB As places like NefTe and Mont, less than road center to his future operations. Two heroic defense by a midget could con- at four miles from Bastogne, it became the of the six German divisions in front of found a giant for a while, the way one 26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 morning of December 19. Then, as the surviving tankers THREE PHOTOGRAPHS seemed doomed to be consumed by the rising, angry Ger- man forces they had dammed in the road net, paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division "seemed to rise up about them on all sides."

The more than 1 1,000 men of the 101st had made the 100-mile truck run from Rheims in the time bought by the suicidal stand of Middleton's and Cota's last, thin line. One paratroop regiment went out to gather in the roadblock

survivors while the others, still rolling into Bastogne's open backdoor, set up a perimeter as they detrucked. A surpris- ing number of survivors of the infantry and tank units finally found their way into the perimeter, and before the German ring closed on Bastogne two fresh, independent, artillery battalions and one tank destroyer battalion came in the same backdoor that the paratroopers had entered. In the days that followed, these late-arriving artillerymen stood back-to-back and sprayed fire on every point of German attack around the circle that the enemy closed tight on the 21st. The surviving tankmen taught the paratroopers how to fight alongside of armor. The paratroopers, in turn, taught their new friends their own special way of life—fighting when surrounded. The Bastogne story is the best known of all the Bulge actions. Under 101st Airborne's Gen. Anthony McAuliffe, 3 Tanks of Patton's Third Army surge north over the Belgian coun- tryside. On Dec. 26 they cut the enemy ring and entered Bastogne.

Map of the Bulge. The accompanying history is so written that readers can orient themselves to all the action on this map. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 27 CONTINUED THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE" Part THREE The Bulge is Erased who grunted an untranslatable "Nuts!" to a German invitation to "surrender honorably," the defenders fought off as- saults on all quarters. ("Nuts" came out "go to hell" in German.) On the 23rd, as casualties mounted and supplies ran low, the almost ceaseless rains and fogs cleared (in answer to a Christmas prayer issued by General Patton, says one sur- vivor). New supplies were airdropped and in the clear skies Allied airpower was able to add its toll to the German ring around the town. Why could not one German infantry division and two German tank divisions take Bastogne? Quite probably they could have. But how could the tanks plunge on to their first objective, the Meuse River, before the Allies could

make it impassable, and at the same time stop and fight for Bastogne? On the 20th. the 2nd Panzer commander asked permission to take Bas- togne. No! On to the Meuse! 2nd Panzer fought its way around the north of town and obediently headed west. The Bas- togne defenders made them fight a full day at a little suburb called Noville to get by! The infantrymen of 26th VG Divi- sion were given Bastogne to take. Panzer Lehr was ordered west, and most of it scooted by south of Bastogne, though the German command reluctantly let some

of it remain to help the infantry reduce the town. All to no avail. The defenders proved a match for the forces left there until the 26th, when the final chapter of another story was written. Far to the south, on Bradley, Dwight D. Eisenhower and George Patton sur- December 22, two entire corps of Pat- After the battle. Generals Omar vey the rubble of Bastogne, overnight one of history's great battle scenes. ton's U.S. Third Army performed a 90° wheel and moved north to relieve Bas- togne as well as push back the whole intrusion of the German Seventh Army, which had succeeded in getting a hold on the southern flank of the Bulge. It took several days for Patton's divisions to batter through the Seventh Army in a cruel struggle over nasty, chopped- up terrain. But on December 26, forward elements of the 4th Armored Division broke into Bastogne from the south. The siege was over, though Bastogne still had many long days of tough fighting ahead

of it. Up to this point, our three articles on the Bulge battle have traced the standolf of the attempted breakthrough from Elsenborn to Monschau; the week-long holdofT of the enemy advance at St. Vith; and the quick enemy breakthrough in the narrow gap between St. Vith and Elsenborn that bogged down north of Manteuffel, Generals review battle in 1964: Left to right— Bruce Clarke, Hasso von Trois Ponts in the early days. We have Robert Hasbrouck, Anthony McAuilffe. Clarke and Hasbrouck opposed von Manteuffel {Continued on page 49) with 7th Armored at St. Vith. McAuliffe opposed him with paratroops at Bastogne. 28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 (Readers may find this series of value on future motor trips or of interest to stu- SEEING HISTORIC AMERICA #20 dents of American history. We suggest you clip and save each as it appears.) A travel series for motorists

By ALDEN STEVENS Field Director, Mobil Travel Guide NEAR THE LITTLE town of Mcdora in western North Dakota, on east- west Interstate Route 94, close to the Montana Hne, there springs up out of the alternating rangeland and badland a well-preserved island of history. In a spot where the traveler least expects it, there stands today the chateau of a wouid-be French cattle baron, now for- gotten to history, and the ranch properties of a man who in his youth often visited that chateau—Theodore Roose- velt, 26th President of the United States.

In inset, Western -garbed Teddy Roosevelt. View is of T.R. Nat'l Memorial Park. TEDDY ROOSEVELT'S Western Stamping Grounds

Roosevelt's ranch, called the Maltese to Europe, leaving behind his elegant ranch, a restoration project of the ranch Cross, is now part of the Theodore mansion which is intriguing to come itself, and Joe Ferris' store—built in Roosevelt Memorial Park. It has an ex- upon today in that remote area. 1885 and a favorite hangout of young cellent museum and every year, during A few months after the Marquis' ar- Teddy Roosevelt's. The area also offers July and August, a historical drama, rival in 1883, young Teddy Roosevelt, underground burning lignite beds, the "Teddy Roosevelt's Life in North Da- also 25, came to the area. He was a sickly badlands of North Dakota and magnifi- kota," is presented in an amphitheater Easterner, apparently only seeking in the cent scenery. just south of Medora. The original ranch West a rugged life that might strengthen cabin built by T.R. has been moved to him. Roosevelt won local respect as the 1966 Motel and Restaurant Info: the Visitor Center at Medora. owner of the Maltese Cross and Elkhorn In Medora—Good—^Rough Riders' Hotel. On US The huge 26-room chateau of the Ranches and as organizer and first 10 in Medora. 13 A/C rooms, no room phones. Restaurant. Teddy Roosevelt's hangout, re- Marquis de Mores still stands and is cently rebuilt and refurnished. Rustic, old western decor. Phone Medora 2531. At Dickin- furnished much as it was in the early son, a thriving cattle city, 28 miles east: Very 1880's. Good—Queen City Motel, 1108 W. Villard St. (US 10 Business Route). 34 rooms, pool. Cafe Both Roosevelt and De Mores ar- opposite. (701) 224-5121. Very Good—West rived on the scene early in 1883. The Plains Motel, 841 W. Villard St. (US 10 Business Route). 22 rooms. (701) 224-5138. Very Good— Northern Pacific railroad had just been Esquire Steak House, 43 Sims St., 1 block north of US 10. Specialties: steak, sea food, chicken. finished to this point when the Marquis Bar. Closed Sunday. (701) 224-3291. There are came, intent on empire building. Hand- other motels, restaurants and a good hotel in Dickinson and still others in Beach, 25 miles some, ambitious, wealthy and 25 years west of Medora. See Mobil Travel Guide to the Northwest and Great Plains States. of age, he founded Medora, naming it for his beautiful young wife. The Mar- smarck-* quis bought land and cattle and built a Your visit to any historic area is meat packing plant and icehouse (they greatly enriched if you read about it are now in ruins). He planned to ship President of the Little Missouri Stock- first. The National Park Service's brief, packed beef East in the newly-invented men's Ass'n. The wan Easterner went good booklet "Theodore Roosevelt and refrigerator cars, saving vast sums by on to become world famous as a soldier, the Dakota Badlands" is available at the eliminating the expense of shipping live explorer, conservationist and, finally, Medora 'Visitor Center. Roosevelt wrote animals East for fattening and butcher- President of the United States. several books about his Dakota experi- ing. The idea was good, but soon ran into In Medora, you can see, along with ences, including "Hunting Trips of a trouble. Roosevelt Park and the Marquis' cha- Ranchman." His "The Wirming of the De Mores did not understand the raw teau, St. Mary's Catholic Church (built West" (4 volumes) is one of his most society of the West and knew little about by the Marquis), the Rough Riders' famous works. Consult your librarian beef cattle. Pacing failure, he returned Hotel, an accurate model of Roosevelt's for other references.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 29 —

FOR YOUR INFORMATION Will Vietnam Vets Get War Status?

By NATIONAL COMMANDER

THE American Legion has placed a bill (HR12186) in enact a "Cold War" GI Bill going all the way back to Congress to extend wartime benefits to servicemen and 1955, that would extend more liberal benefits than the usual servicewomen with honorable active duty during any part "peacetime benefits" to men and women who have been of the period beginning when our forces first engaged in in service ever since the close of the Korean war. open warfare with North Vietnam (Aug. 5, 1964) until such There is much to be said for such a bill. Our present "peacetime as hostilities cease. time benefits" aren't much. They were conceived chiefly for "Wartime benefits" would include a new "GI Bill" to pro- times when our entire armed forces were made up of career vide readjustment programs similar to the GI Bills enacted men, who weren't expected to become civilians before re- for WW2 and Korea veterans. They would also include the tirement, and who weren't inducted under pressure of the other benefits to which veterans of earlier wars are entitled draft. We have had continuous peacetime drafting since 1955. such things as hospitalization, disability compensation at It is right and just to provide something better than the wartime rates, etc. usual peacetime benefits for veterans of any period when

News of our bill, and other proposals, is reported briefly young men have been set back in their civilian careers by in the "Newsletter" on the facing page. Here I want to say involuntary induction into military service. I have personally the that for more, because, in spite of broad support for new legislation supported idea, but not without noting Vietnam era veterans peacetime program is inadequate. for "Cold War" veterans, the extension of full wartime status an improved Those and who have served since Aug. 5, 1964, to veterans of the Vietnam period is by no means assured. men women have been in wartime duty, and are entitled to equal status Even though quick action of some sort now seems certain, with other war veterans. there are lesser proposals in the works which fall short of the Yet at the present writing it does not seem likely that mark. One is HR11985, a bill which seems to show the fine that is what they'll get, but rather that the Vietnam vets hand of the Bureau of the Budget. It would only provide will be lumped under an improved peacetime "Cold War" educational benefits, and no other wartime benefits. It would bill with less than wartime benefits. distinguish between veterans according to where they served, But they have a right to full war veteran status which any- and according to what medals they received! Such a distinc- one can understand. Their right flows from the facts, not the tion is unworthy of this country. To take an extreme case, fictions. The Government felt a legalistic need for the fiction consider that two WW2 soldiers survived the loss of both that the Korean war was a "conflict" and not a war. Now it arms and legs—one on Okinav/a and the other in a Vermont pursues the fiction that the strife in Vietnam is not a war. air crash. Both deserved more than we could do for them. The need for these fictions may be quite real, but it has no But the artificial distinction proposed in HR 11985 would, if bearing on what our servicemen are doing. applied to them, downgrade the man who lost both arms and The casualty reports, the combat news and the draft calls legs in Vermont. The same principle applies with respect to cry out beyond argument that if Vietnam is not a war in an education bill such as HRl 1985. A youngster who is called the halls of the UN or at the tables of Geneva, it is a war in into service in wartime has his education interrupted exactly the full sense of all other wars for every person now sworn the same regardless of where he serves. As noted in our into the military service of the United States. "Newsletter," this same bill would send some of its benefici- If we extend the nonwar fiction to them, if we refuse them aries to the Veterans Administration with their claims, and full wartime benefits, we will deny them a fair shake and others to the Department of Health Education & Welfare. put a dishonorable blotch on the integrity of our country .The That is a naked attempt, poorly disguised in a benefits bill, to Legion is not wifling to share the guilt of demanding war break up the Veterans Administration and deprive veterans of service when we induct them, then denying that it was a single agency responsible for their welfare under the law. war service when we discharge them. The Legion's bill All the limiting proposals in HRl 1985 represent objectives (HR12186) will, if passed, extend wartime benefits to Viet- the of Bureau of the Budget that have failed to pass on their nam vets. We seek the active support of every honorable own merits for than a decade. more Any demand for their American to help see that that's what they get, whether it adoption now as a condition for giving minimal benefits to be through our bill, or by amending the "Cold War" bill so

Vietnam vets is reprehensible. that it starts by assuring full war veteran status for veterans There is nothing mean, but there is much that is inadequate, of the Vietnam period. It will take action. That idea is not in another proposal now favored in Congress. That is to the front runner at present.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 , ,

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU MARCH 1966

VIETNAM Gl BILL MOVEMENT SOURED In support of the latter bill. BY OLD BUREAUCRATIC PROPOSALS: Legion Nat ' 1 Commander L. Eldon James A familiar old song of the Budget told the press: Bureau is throwing a dismal pall over "The American Legion's 2y2 million the movement speedily to enact a GI members, together with our 900,000 Auxiliary membership, support this Bill for Vietnam veterans . . . Two major bills to provide broad benefits bill with all the force and sin- for Vietnam vets have been put in the cerity we can muster. The brave men and women of our Armed Forces who are legislative hopper . . . One of them (HR11985) is not only a pinch- serving at great sacrifice and hero- penny bill which would provide only ism, under circumstances every bit a fraction of the GI benefits au- as dangerous as any war in history, thorized in the WW2 and Korea GI deserve to be protected by this rich and its grateful citizens. Bills, but it makes pawns of the nation Vietnam vets in the old inter-agency The American Legion is most apprecia- struggle to hand Veterans Administra- tive of the fact that fellow Legion- tion functions over to the Department naire Olin E. Teague, Chairman of the House Committee on Veterans Affairs, of Health, Education and Welfare . . . The bill would specifically place has expressed an urgent interest most educational benefits for in new benefits for Vietnam vets." Vietnam vets in HEW, rather than in the agency established to admin- BULGE VETERANS AID COLUMBIA ister veterans benefits and services PICTURES IN FILM RESEARCH: . . . Such dissipation of agency Readers of this magazine, in re- responsibility to vets has long been sponse to a request in our January an aim of the Budget Bureau . . . "Newsletter," are giving Columbia Historically, the Veterans Adminis- Pictures insights into various as- tration was created shortly after WWl pects of the Battle of Bulge which because, when veterans benefits were all previous historians have missed split among agencies with other func- ... We asked in January if Bulge tions, the veterans got the short end veterans with eyewitness incidents of the stick in a royal bureaucratic which they believe are worth telling buck-passing game . . . After a few would cooperate with Columbia by years of individual vets being tossed writing of their experiences to: from pillar to post by bureaucrats Anthony Lazzarino C olumbia Pictures with no special interest in them, Corp. ; 1458 N_^ Gower St. , Holl yw ood, was VA established to put an end to Calif. 90028. Mr. Lazzarino has been the shameful game and to bear undi- researching the battle for five years vided responsibility in the matter of with the aim of producing a Bulge vets' claims At the time VA was ... film that is true to history (as not created, the buck-passing had become all are) ... He reports more than a national scandal. 300 valuable additions to Bulge his- At the request of The American tory received so far, and he would Legion, Rep. Olin E. Teague, Chair- welcome more. man of the House Veterans Affairs Committee, introduced a different bill MEDICARE MEDICAL INSURANCE (HR12186) on Jan. 19 ... It would APPLICATION DEADLINE FOR extend GI benefits to those with "OVER-65'S" IS MARCH 31: service since Aug. 5, 1964, that are s imilar to the WW2 and Korea benefits A large number of Americans who are over are facing important providing educational assistance ; 65 a rather

death and disability compensation; . deadline between now and March 31 farm, home and business loans and ... On that date, their first op- other benefits, including VA assist- portunity to elect voluntary medical ance in the purchase of automobiles insurance under Medicare will expire

for certain seriously disabled . . . Medicare (a health insurance

vets . . . And the bill would make program added to Social Security last the VA responsible for the success- year) comes in two parts —hosp ital

ful administration of its benefits. insurance and medical insurance . . .

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 ,

CONTINUED VETERANS NEWSLETTER

Hospital insurance is automatically mortality experience varies among

embraced in new Social Security de- them . . . VA estimates that $209

ductions and benefits . . . But med- million in dividends will be paid in ical insurance under Medicare covers 1966 to some 4.5 million holders of partial payment of doctor bills and WW2 and Korea NSLI policies, with an

other services not included in hos- average payment of about $47 . . . pitalization, and it applies only to About $15.2 million will go to some people over 65 who enroll volun- 200,000 holders of Will USGLI policies, tarily ... An enrollee pays $3 a averaging about $75. month and the Federal Gov't puts up Payment of the dividends on or about

another $3 a month . . . The benefits the anniversary date of each policy program goes into effect next July 1, is handled automati c ally by the VA

but Americans who were 65 before Jan. . . . Veterans need not and should

1, 1966, and who do not come into the not apply for them . . . Handling program voluntarily by March 31 will unnecessary letters of inquiry simply not be able to apply again until slows down the regular operations of Oct. 1, 1967. the VA insurance division. Most eligibles have received literature giving more details from LAST Gl LOAN ELIGIBILITY Social Security offices, and anyone FOR WW2 VETS ENDS JULY 25, 1967: lacking them may get more details The Veterans Administration notes office . . . from a Social Security that in less than a year and a half, to cover people There are provisions no more Gl loans will be made based over 65 whether or not they ever on WW2 service . . . The final dead- worked in employment covered by line for home, farm or business loans Social Security . . . This is a re- for WW2 vets who have not yet used minder, for those who may have for- up their entitlement is July 25, 1967, gotten, that March 31 is the deadline though the deadline has already come period. for the first enrollment and gone for some. There is a general formula for the Gl INSURANCE DIVIDEND PAYMENTS deadline that applies to each WW2 vet SWITCHED BACK TO ANNIVERSARY DATE: individually . . . The veteran adds Regular annual dividends on all ten years to the date of his last Gov't veterans life insurance will discharge from wartime service, and be paid in 1966 on the anniversary then adds another year for each 90 dates of the individual policies days of that service (which comes out

. . . So if you are entitled to a roughly to an additional four years dividend and didn't get it right of eligibility for each year of WW2 after New Year's Day as you did in active duty or one year for every recent years, don't let that be cause three months) ... On that basis, a

for worry . . . The dividends were vet who entered service in July 1942, always paid on the anniversary date and was discharged in Jan. 1946, of each policy until 1961, when the would have ten years from Jan. 1946, late President Kennedy ordered all plus 12 years for his duty up to dividends to be paid early in Janu- July 1945, plus two years for the

ary . . . The dividends are paid only six months from July 1945, to Jan. on participating policies . . . They 1946 — or 24 years in all after Jan.

represent a refund of part of the 1946 . . . That would bring him to policyholder's premium payments Jan. 1970, as his final Gl loan dead- hence are not income and are not tax- line . . . But July 25, 1967, is the

able . . . Refunds are possible be- final deadline in all cases, so the cause the death rate of insured formula only serves to make an earlier veterans continues to be lower than final deadline in some cases. that anticipated when the premium The same formula applies to Korea rates were set by law, hence more is War veterans, but for them the final being collected in premiums than is deadline is Jan. 31, 1975.

required to meet death claims . . . In the case of veterans who were The size of the dividends varies, discharged for service-connected dis- naturally, with the size of the pol- abilities, and of widows of veterans

icy . . . It also varies among differ- who died of service-connected causes, ent age groups and among holders of the formula does not apply and they different types of policies as the all have until the final deadline.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 OF THE NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAI RS MARCH 1966

(94.51 by Jan. 10) and fulfilled its pledge, '66 Membership Soars As has been declared the 1966 winner of the Henry L. Stevens, Jr., Trophy. This States Vie For Honors Department, which annually enrolls more than one-half of the eligible vet- Fifty departments top Jan. 10 target date quotas; erans in the state, was also the first De- partment to reach its nationally assigned Legion lists 34,728 more members than on same date final membership goal for 1966 (on Jan. in '65; Louisiana, Ohio lead for convention housing. 12) and thereby won the Gen. Henri

Gouraud Trophy for 1966. This is the Competition is sizzling among Legion membership of the smallest U.S. Depart- 18th time in the last 19 years that North Departments for awards, convention ment.) The problem of what to do with Dakota has been the first Department to housing preference, and, eventually, con- the missing tenth award has been re- reach this goal. The Gouraud Trophy vention parade positions—all tied to ferred to the Nat'l Membership Com- was donated to The American Legion by membership achievements. The 1966 mittee. the Republic of France in 1930. Since membership campaign exceeded its The nine Big Ten Departments so far 1948, North Dakota has virtually mo- quota for the third target date. Trans- determined are: nopolized it. Louisiana won it in 1953 mittals postmarked not later than Jan. and tied North Dakota for it in 1954. 10, 1966, were far ahead of January 10, Per Cent North Dakota and South Dakota tied 1965. (At press time, about February 4, of Goal for it in 1962. the Legion listed 2,048,243 paid mem- Category I Priorities for housing at the Nat'l bers, 34,728 more than on the same date 1st Iowa 85.83 Convention in Washington, D.C., next a year ago.) 2nd 'Wisconsin 82.40 August are determined by the relation Fifty of the 58 Departments exceeded Category II of the Jan. 10 turn-ins to the average the Jan. 10 quotas they had pledged to 1st Louisiana 87.44 total membership for the past four years. Nat'l Cmdr L. Eldon James during the 2nd Nebraska 83.73 Louisiana captured first place in conven- annual Commanders and Adjutants Category III Conference. 1st South Dakota 86.30 tion housing, closely followed by Ohio. Mississippi 76.81 With an increase of 167.59 per cent The quota for Jan. 10 was 1,861,786. 2nd Category IV in its Sons of The American Legion en- A total of 1,947,380 paid memberships 1st North Dakota 94.51 rollment for the were submitted to Nat'l Headquarters by 1965, Ohio won Arthur 2nd South Carolina 77.52 D. Houghton Trophy. The trophy goes that target date. This was more than Category V (state organiza- 60,000 over the membership pledged by to the SAL detachment 1st Delaware 78.30 tion) with the highest percentage increase Department commanders for the Jan. 10 in membership over the preceding year. turn-in, and about the same figure over North Dakota, which pledged the Ohio recorded 870 SAL members in 1965 membership on the same date last year. highest percentage of its 1966 goal 1964 and by Dec. 31, 1965 had 1.458. Commander James voiced his deep appreciation for the cooperation of De- partment and post leaders in the rapid is progress of the 1966 campaign to date. From Everywhere, U.S.A., This the Picture At the same time, he pointed to March

3 1 as the next big target date. The Nat'l Membership and Post Activities Com- mittee has a goal of 2,303,090 by the end of March. The Jan. 10 turn-ins also established the Big Ten of 1966 among the Legion's 58 Departments (leader and runner-up in each of five categories rated according to the size of the membership goal), except that there are only nine Depart- ments in the Big Ten unless the Nat'l Membership Committee can come up with a solution to a previously unencoun- tered problem. In Category 5, which is made up of departments with membership goals of less than 10,000, Delaware was the only eligible Department to fulfill its pledge. (Foreign Departments are Characteristic of the surge of giving gifts, money, services from Americans to Gl's ruled out of Big Ten competition unless — — in Vietnam and elsewhere is this contribution from telephone employees in Chicago. their membership is greater than the The Legionnaire is Ed Deyette, of Post 242, and he is wearing a flag lapel pin. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 33 NEWS.

Vietnam Fund Total: $39,536 Legion Honored 61 Employers in 1965 Created to aid the war-racked South Vietnamese civilians. The American For Hiring Handicapped and Older Workers Legion Relief Fund reached, at press Sixty-one employers received Nat'l with the job problems of handicapped time, the total of $39,536.45, from 4,879 American Legion citations for good em- and older veterans stimulated the grant- contributors an average gift of $8.10. — ployment practices in 1965. Thirty-four ing of the annual citations. Nat'l Cmdr L. Eldon James has asked were cited for their practices in hiring Handicapped awards are usually made members of the Legion and its Auxiliary the handicapped, and twenty-eight for in connection with annual Employ the to donate a dollar or whatever they feel their practices in hiring older workers. Handicapped Week (first full week in they can give to the Fund as a meaning- The 62 citations (New Jersey gave one October), and represent part of the Le- ful demonstration that the people of this firm both awards) represent a drop of gion's participation in the programs of nation are behind the efforts of Ameri- two from 1964. the President's Committee on Employ- cans serving the cause of freedom in National awards are made on the rec- ment of the Handicapped. Vietnam. ommendation of a State or other Depart- Older worker awards are usually made The full amount of each donation ment organization of The American Le- in conjunction with the Legion's Hire (nothing deducted for expenses) will go gion which nominates employers each the Older Worker Week (first full week to back up the efforts of U.S. servicemen year for the National hiring-the-handi- in May). Among those receiving awards and official civilian agencies in their civic capped award, and the National older- in 1965 were commercial firms, govern- action programs among the South Viet- worker citation. ment agencies, and educational institu- namese people. Awards are made by the Legion's Nat'l tions. Below is a list of all employers re- Cmdr James launched the fund drive Economic Commission, whose intimacy ceiving National awards in 1965: after his return from an inspection trip to South Vietnam. There he had an op- Cited for employment Cited for employment portunity to observe our servicemen's State of the handicapped of older workers efforts among the South Vietnamese and International what these efforts mean toward winning ALABAMA The Parnell Sewing Shop, Hayes the struggle there for freedom, and the Gadsden Corp., Birmingham rehabilitation of villages and villagers. ALASKA none United States Smelting,

As the fund drive has progressed, it Refining & Mining Co., has taken on an important and perhaps Fairbanks unique People-to-People approach. ARIZONA none Babbitt Bros. Trading Those at the giver's end are almost ex- Co., Flagstaff clusively veterans or members of veteran ARKANSAS none none families. In short, it is aid essentially CALIFORNIA none none from men and their families who have Kuner-Empson Co., Miss Annie M. Dunston, known war in the past to a people who COLORADO Brighton MESA County Clerk and know it today. Notes and letters included with contributions from a husband and Recorder, Grand Junction wife frequently will reflect sympathy for these people and for our servicemen. CONNECTICUT none none 'Add our names to the roll of those be- DELAWARE none none hind this cause," letters often say. FLORIDA Sunbeam Electronics, none Never did the Legion envision, how- Industrial Airpark, ever, such a literal "Red Blooded Amer- Fort Lauderdale ican" response as that made by a GEORGIA Suncraft of California, Rosenberg Brothers, Cincinnatian, who literally gave a pint of Columbus Albany blood for the cause at almost the very HAWAII First National Bank of Dillingham Corp., moment he got the message. A $ 1 5 check Hawaii, Honolulu Honolulu sent to The American Legion Vietnam Relief Fund is the proof. IDAHO none none Chance was the factor in the Cincin- ILLINOIS George D. Roper Co., Barrett Hardware Co., nati man's decision. With the check paid Kankakee Div. Joliet him as a blood donor by the University INDIANA none Bock Industries, of Cincinnati Blood Transfusion Center, Elkhart the Ohioan sent a note explaining how IOWA Fawn Engineering Co., 1. Maddens Dry Goods he happened to pick up an American Des Moines and Ready-To-Wear, Legion Magazine while waiting at the Ottumwa University Blood Center. He read in one 2. National Handcraft of the magazine's articles a plea for con- Institute, Inc., tributions of funds to back up U.S. ser- Des Moines vicemen's relief efforts among the South none none Vietnamese people. "I decided then to KANSAS

turn the money that I received for my KENTUCKY Jerry's Restaurant, Dixie Cup Div. of Lexington American Can Co., Contributions to The American Lexington Legion Vietnam Relief Fund should LOUISIANA Seymour Weiss, Fontainebleau Motor be sent to P. O. Box 1055. Indianapo- Roosevelt Hotel, Hotel, New Orleans lis, huL, 46206. New Orleans

34 THE AME;R'C^N LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1965 A ,

NEWS

Cited for employment Cited for employment blood donation over to your Vietnam State of the handicapped of older workers (Relief) Fund," he wrote. In Vietnam, the Airmobile First Cav- MAINE 1 . The Bates Division of none alry Division got a boost from an old the Bates Manufactur- friend. Mrs. Ben H. Dorcy, 80-year-old ing Co., Inc., Lewiston "Mother of the First Cavalry Division," 2. G. H. Bass and Co. Wilton who designed the division's patch in 1920, has voiced her strong support of MARYLAND Belfort Instrument Co., General Automatic the Vietnam Fund. The widow of Col. Baltimore Products Corp., Ben H. Dorcy, she wrote to the Legion: Baltimore "The enclosed (contribution to the Construction MASSACHUSETTS Ace Electronics Asso- Morgan Legion's Vietnam Relief Fund) will ex- Inc., Somerville Co., Worcester ciates, press my complete loyalty to the great MICHIGAN American Motors Corp., none work you have elected to forward. I will Kelvinator Division, try to give more from time to time and

VJ 1 d 1 1 U 1V ct IJ 1 U o urge others." In Norwood, Mass., Post 70 placed MINNESO 1 none none

T 1 A Tl J' I_ 0 C collection boxes around town and, aided MISSISSIPPI Jake Mladmich & Son, none by a gift from the Lithuanian American Oultport Council, raised about $300. The Whitlash School Kalispell role and MONTANA The Vietnam Relief Fund is the sec- Board, Whitlash Timber Co., Kalispell ond phase of the Legion's "Operation NEBRASKA Sheraton Fontenelle Marshall Nurseries, Show Your Colors" which began as a Hotel, Omaha Arlington counter measure against the anti-Viet- NEVADA Harvey A. Gross, none nam and anti-draft demonstrations. The Harvey's Resort Hotel Legion distributed free in the operation's Casino, Stateline first phase nearly 14 million small Amer-

1 * \ 1 7 1a —* 1 J. A T i. ican flags to be worn in the lapel. Small NEW HAMPSHIRE Wright Electric Motors, none cards to promote the effort were also Manchester distributed with the tiny metal flags. AT 1_ 4.4. 01_ • 4. ™ NEW JERSEY Manhattan Shirt Co., Manhattan Shirt Co., In following through on "Operation Paterson Paterson Show Your Colors," Post 23, Salem, NEW MEXICO B.P.O. Elks Club # MAI Friendly Chrysler- Mass., gave more than 10,000 lapel flags Farmington Plymouth, Alamogordo to school children. Posters were also dis- NEW YORK Oberdorter Foundries. Thomas J. Lipton, Inc., tributed. In the photo below, a poster Inc., Syracuse Albion is shown by Post 23 Cmdr Frank J. Sos-

XT/^T^TTT A r TXT A r~\ r»L. ~at'ii t ^ NORTH CAROLINA The Three Mountaineers, D. E. Rhyne Mills, Inc., Asheville Lincolnton

T~'I_ T 1 J A T £ OHIO The Lockwood Manufac- Westinghouse Electric turing Co., Cincinnati Corp., Mansfield frf ATT /~\ ATA OKLAHOMA The Borden Co., Serv-Air, Inc., Uklaboma City Enid OREGON Tektronix, Inc., Toledo Products Co., Beaverton Toledo PENNSYLVANIAT» f—' XTXTO'\/'T \ 7 A XTT A Veterans Administration "Philadelphia Inquirer" TT 1 Al*. Hospital, Altoona

RHODE ISLAND E. A. Adams, Inc., none r awiucKei SOUTH DAKOTA Kolberg Manufacturing The Huron Publishing Co., Yankton Co., Huron Brass checks Post 23, Mass., project.

TENNESSEE none none nowski; Col. (Fr.) Herbert J. Leger, USA

TEXAS 1 . Screwworm Eradica- 1. United States Naval Chaplain (Ret.), pastor of St. Anne's tion Center, Mission Air Station, Church; Capt. Henry C. Nichols, USN 2. Marvel Manufacturing Corpus Christi (Ret.), Past Cmdr, Post 23; and Col. Co., San Antonio 2. Maritime Guard, Inc., Lawrence J. Fitzpatrick, USAFR, supt. Port Arthur of schools. UTAH none Ketchum Builders Supply In Troy, N.Y., Post 237 and Post 628 Co., Salt Lake City and their Auxiliaries, along with the Rensselaer County Committee, gave VERMONT 1. Industrial Services none 1,000 of the flag pins to various city Corp., Springfield department heads. Post 196 (Falstaff 2. St. Johnsbury House, Brewing Co.), St. Louis, Mo., distributed xiJic, OL. juiiiiouui y 3,000 pins and cards to employees and VIRGINIA none none their friends. In the photo on the follow- WEST VIRGINIA Central Hydraulic Serv- none ing page, Harvey Beffa, left, chairman of ice, Inc., Monaville the Board, gets a flag pin from James

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 35 NEWS.

pital, informing the vets that upon their Engle New VA Medical Chief return they were to be given a Night On Dr. Martin H. Engle has been ap- The Town. The idea came from the pointed Chief Medical Director of the area's Letter Carriers, who expected to Veterans Administration, succeeding Dr. pay all expenses. The local merchants Joseph H. McNinch, who retired Jan. 1. agreed the re- to plan but refused any The announcement was made by William muneration. When each vet returns, he J. Driver, VA Administrator. With the will treated to be a complete grooming since Two of 3,000 flag pins from Post 196, Mo. VA 1946 and most recently direc- by a local barber (a Legionnaire), his tor of the 6,000-bed Los Angeles VA Lashley, while Clarence Compton, right, uniform will be serviced, and he will get Center, the 51 -year-old Dr. Engle is the Post 196 Cmdr, pins one on president a corsage for his lady guest. They will first VA career physician ever to be Joseph Griesedieck. have dinner at Marty Horn's Mayfair named Chief Medical Director of the and go to the theater of their choice. agency, which operates 165 hospitals and From Here to Vietnam About 300 persons attended a special 224 clinics, and employs some 5,000 doc- Post 419, Chicago, 111., and Unit 419 Vigil For Peace service at St. Joseph's tors and 15,000 nurses. collected more than 25,000 Christmas Church in Waterloo, Iowa, called by gifts (see photo below) for GI's in Viet- Msgr. Duane A. Brady, the pastor, who nam—among the 240,000 gifts rounded is a member of Post 138, Waterloo. He up in the "We Care" drive in Illinois, had asked the post to assist him in getting Iowa and Wisconsin. The gifts were air- all veterans and all vets groups to attend lifted through the cooperation of the Air the service. Rev. George Griebenow, Force Reserve and the Air Nat'l Guard. Chaplain of Post 138, gave the prayer. Several sets of colors were advanced. Post 716, Los Alamitos, Calif., had a hand in maintaining Operation Christ- mas Star, whereby gift packages for Viet- nam GI's were deposited at Texaco gas stations, collected by members of local Legion posts, and eventually flown by

Marine Corps aircraft to Vietnam. Over Dr. H. Martin Engle, right, is congratu- four-and-one-half tons of packages were lated on his appointment as Chief Medical Gifts for GI's In Vietnam, via airlift. transported. In the Legion's 29th Dis- Director of the VA by William J. Driver, left. Administrator of Veterans Affairs. Post 227, Totowa, N.J., assisted by trict, about 20,000 civilians are writing the Auxiliary, sent packages of food in to men in Vietnam. Dr. Engle served from 1942 to 1946 metal containers to local boys serving in Post 36, Windsor Locks, Conn., initi- with the Army Medical Corps, attaining all parts of the world. To date, 40 pack- ated Operation Fruit Cake, wherein 39 the rank of Major. He joined the VA as ages have been sent, each costing about two-pound fruit cakes were sent to 13 a medical officer at the VA center in $15. Unit 227 sent a Christmas card and local servicemen in Vietnam. The Oper- Fort Harrison, Mont., following his dis- a $5 money order to each man. Names ation is being extended to send razor charge from WW2 service in August of the servicemen were gathered by the blades, soap, and toilet articles, also. 1 946. After top jobs in various VA hos- local newspapers. pitals, he was assigned in May 1960 to Post 149, Jamestown, N.Y., sends the VA Hq in Washington, D.C., as Deputy week-end edition of the local newspaper Chief Medical Director. In this capacity, to its men in Vietnam. he received the VA's highest honor, the Post 821, Clayton, N.Y., sends three- Exceptional Service Award. He served pound fruit cakes to local vets serving both as Deputy and as Acting Chief in Vietnam. The post is also preparing Medical Director from March 1, 1963 for Good Will Day, the joint Canadian- until Dr. McNinch was appointed Chief American participation of three posts Medical Director on June 3, 1963. on the U.S. side of the St. Lawrence River and three Canadian branches, Legion-Boys' Clubs Tie-in slated for Post 904, Alexandria Bay, in Boys' Clubs of America, the national May. youth-guidance organization serving Vietnam children get friendship bags. Post 373, Baldwinville, Mass., along 700,000 youngsters through 675 Boys' with Unit 373 and the Junior Auxiliary, Post and Unit 888, Northlake (Chi- Clubs, has asked The American Legion canvassed the entire town and turned in cago), 111., sent 144 friendship bags to to participate in a special program dur- over $250 to Joint Venture, an area drive South Vietnamese children through the ing Nat'l Boys' Clubs Week, March 27- for funds to improve and extend USO American Red Cross. Each bag con- April 2. In conjunction with its 60th facilities for our servicemen in Vietnam. tained a water color paint set, pencils, anniversary, BCA will offer to the Legion Post 119, Greenfield, Ind., through its sharpener, paper, comb, soap, ruler, a "Why Boys' Clubs?"—a program of Tape Worm Club, offers to record taped toy, and toothbrush and paste. Present- films and speakers describing how the messages from family members and ing the gifts to a Red Cross worker in Clubs combat juvenile delinquency and friends to be forwarded to Vietnam the photo above are (1. to rt.): Clyde build juvenile decency. servicemen. Nelson, Post 888 Cmdr; Mrs. Arthur BCA hopes many Legion posts will Twenty-six Vietnam vets (at last Borucki, Unit 888 President; Mrs. Orvis support existing Boys' Clubs or consider count) from the Montclair and Verona, Preston, Auxiliary child welfare chair- establishing new clubs where need exists. N.J., area were sent Christmas cards by man; Mary Lou Wagner, of the Red If you have a Boys' Club in your city, the student nurses of St. Michael's Hos- Cross; and Orvis Preston, PPC. you can arrange with the executive direc-

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 —

NEWS

tor to present a BC program at your convention delegates, the resolution went bert gave Ridgway a certificate from the meeting. If you do not have one, you can to President Johnson as a message of city. South Dakota Sportwriters Assoc. write to Field Service Dep't, Boys' Clubs "gratitude, commendation, and support designated the 1965 Legion World Series of America, 771 First Ave., New York for our gallant fighting men in Vietnam as South Dakota's "Sports Moment of 10017. It will provide a program of films, from the 82,000 public school teachers the Year." slides and speakers. and administrators who comprise the area." BRIEFLY NOTED Citations for service to the vets of North A group tour for Legionnaires, their Dakota and the 7th District of Minnesota relatives, and friends who may be plan- were presented to five statesmen at a ning to attend the dedication of the banquet in Fargo, N. Dak. Saluted for Pacific War Memorial at the Nat'l Ceme- their efforts in helping prevent the closing tery in Honolulu, Hawaii, on May 1st is of the Fargo Regional Office and the VA being arranged by Nat'l Convention Miles City, Mont., VA Hospital were Consultants, 2010 R St. N.W., Washing- North Dakota's Congressional Delega- ton, D.C., to whom write for details. tion Senators Milton R. Young and — Tour will leave by jet clipper from Los Quentin Burdick and Congressmen Angeles, stay five days, four nights in Mark Andrews and RoUand Redlin Honolulu with side tours, cocktail party. and Congressman Odin Langen of Meals not included. Fee is $305 per per- Minnesota's 7th District. Sponsor of the son when two in a room. awards was The Organized United Vet- erans for Retention of the Fargo VA The Washington-Hilton Hotel will be Regional Offices. King-size membership card at Post 566, Pa. The American Legion's official headquarters hotel during the 48th annual George Verrill, Adjutant of Post 566, The American Legion's Nat'l Organiza- Nat'l Convention in Washington, D.C., Glenolden, Pa., promised to gift wrap tion has issued NO authorization for the Aug. 26 to Sept. 1, 1966. The Shoreham any membership card that was bought as manufacture and sale interstate of so- Hotel has been designated the headquar- a Christmas present. When Mom Flynn, called Vietnam bumper stickers bearing ters hotel for the Legion Auxiliary. of Unit 566, sent in her son Bill's dues, the name and emblem of The American George not only did a gift wrapping job Legion. POSTS IN ACTION but made a king-size card which, in Post 24, Aberdeen, S. Dak., paid trib- photo above. Mom presented to Bill. The first American Legion baseball ute to those persons who staged the 1965 player to be formally drafted by the Little World Series of baseball at Aber- Post 272, Rockaway Beach, N.Y., turned major leagues has been signed by the deen. At an appreciation dinner. Post (Previously, in $300 to the Legion's Louisiana Dis- New York Mets. Legion Cmdr Larry Englehart presented to Ed aster Relief Fund. The post encouraged players made individual contract ar- W. Ridgway, general chairman of the letter writing to local boys in Vietnam. rangements with the pro teams.) The post's planning committee for the base- of the replies read as follows: player is One Legion Bob Yodice, a 17-year- ball finals, a trophy (see photo below) "Dear Sirs: I wish to thank the officers old catcher from Brooklyn, N.Y., who from the post, and a Louisville Slugger as a senior at Lafayette H.S. batted .451, and members of Post 272 for their very bat engraved with the names of all the appreciated vote of confidence. Any per- with five home runs in 10 games, and was Nat'l American Legion champions, the son, stationed voted all-city. He later hit .420 with 10 in the Republic of Viet- Post 9, Charlotte, N.C., players. In the homers in 16 games for Legion Post nam, who has walked through a village, photo are (1. to rt.): Ridgway, Robert and who has been greeted by young and 1437. The Mets had first choice in the Grabenbauer, a department vice cmdr, old alike with as much appreciative draft and picked Yodice, who was also who was master of ceremonies, and En- thankfulness as I have, knows why we sought by seven other clubs. He will be glehart. A bat was given to George are over here, and feels deep down that assigned to the Mets' affiliate club at Au- Rulon, director of Legion baseball, on all the Government's efforts are for a burn, N.Y., in the N.Y.-Pa. League. behalf of the manufacturer. Similar bats very good cause. were presented to Mayor Cliff Hurlbert, "For all those misinformed citizens The American Legion has approved a Cmdr Engelhart, Dep't Cmdr Earl Hood, who are against the U.S. policy, one look $10,000 grant to the Joint Commission and Frank Sieh (a co-founder of the Le- on Correctional Manpower Train- at a Vietnamese child playing with his and gion baseball program). A bat is to be friends should dispel any doubts as to ing, a private organization of business, presented to Gov. Nils Boe. Mayor Hurl- civic and government leaders, to conduct the intentions of the United States, and a three-year study on the problems of other free countries, to keep this child, correctional institutions and to make and every Vietnam citizen, free from recommendations for their solution. communist aggression, and able to find Congress has passed, and the President his mark in a free world. has signed, a bill that would make avail- "Please accept this letter as my token able some $2.5 million for the study. of gratitude to you for all you are doing." (signed) Daniel H. Morgan Legion Nat'l Cmdr L. Eldon James has SP/4 820 Ammo Ord. Co. sent his congratulations to the Ohio Edu- cation Assoc. for its convention's recent Post 102, Anoka, Minn., arranged for a action in unanimously adopting a resolu- duck dinner for patients at St. Paul VA tion supporting American fighting men Hospital. The ducks were supplied by in South Vietnam. Approved by 1,000 Post 24, S.Dak., rewards Ed Ridgway. the Ward Transfer paraplegic trapshoot THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 37 NEWS team which shot the birds from a blind Among the letters received by posts from Post 1221, Brooklyn, N.Y. gave $1,000 on the Hamilton Shooting Preserve. The servicemen in answer to Christmas cards, toward the rebuilding of the interior of gunners were transported by Legion- etc., was the following, addressed to Post the Sons of Israel synagogue, which had naires and team coaches on Luther 1311, Edmeston, N.Y.: "Gentlemen: been scorched by fire. This brings the LeVasseur's Catigator. Net haul: 30 Since I was the recipient of a Christmas post's contributions to various causes for birds. Color slides and a tape of the card from your organization this year, the past year to over $25,000. How'd shoot were shown at the dinner. Post 102 I assume many other servicemen from they do it? Bingo—under the direction will show the slides and tape to other the Edmeston area were also remem- of VC George A. Schiro, Past Cmdr. posts on request. bered. I wanted to take the opportunity to send you this note of appreciation for Post 1034, Wallkill, N.Y., sends used Post 24, BIytheville, Ark., has set up a my card, as well as for those which you United States and foreign stamps to vets have sent scholarship fund which will produce may to other military per- in VA Hospitals throughout the state. sonnel. about $300 a year. The fund will be The first mailing was 20,000 stamps, sent financed by a 25-cent-per-year assess- "In these days of draft card burnings, to Brooklyn, Bronx, Northport, Castle ment on each post member. 'Peace Marches' and miscellaneous dem- Point, Montrose, Bath, and Albany. The onstrations against our foreign policy, post mails a mimeo information sheet it is refreshing to find a Post 628, Troy, N.Y., gave over $1,500 group of peo- to stamp collectors all over the country ple to local Child Welfare projects in the with that deep sense of patriotism and Canada, telling of the project and past year. Among the money raising and love of country which must have saying, "If you can donate any duplicate the projects is an annual Dog Show, which prompted sending of these cards." stamps you may have, on or off paper, draws over 850 show dogs, all happy to (signed) William V. Kinch just send them along and we'll gladly do give their earnings to Child Welfare. Captain U.S.A. F. the rest." Mail stamps to: Stamps for McGuire AFB, N.J. Veterans Committee, American Legion

Post nil's Senior Color Guard is the Post 1034, Wallkill, N.Y. 12589 1965 Sixth District champion and winner at the Department convention. The NEW POSTS post helps support The Pantherettes, an The American Legion has recently all-girl Junior Color Guard, which for chartered the following new posts: John the third straight year won the District P. Burns Post 36, Tucson, Ariz.; Cypress title and placed third at the 1965 State Post 295, Cypress, Calif.; Robbins Me- championship meet. Post 1311 sponsors morial Post 1281, Robbins, III.; and a Scout troop, various community ser- Pleasantville Post 564, Houston, Texas. vices, and organizes the Memorial Day IN parade. What is interesting is that Post PEOPLE THE NEWS 1311 has a membership of less than 25. A. Leo Anderson, formerly Massachu- setts Dep't Adjutant, named Director,

Post 80, Downers Grove, 111., and Unit Dep't of Veterans Afl'airs, District of 80 took $720 worth of gifts to 150 ser- Columbia. He succeeds Waldron E. vicemen at Great Lakes Naval Hospital, Leonard, retired, along with four entertainer teams. Rev. John J. Howard, of Hampton, Va,, Post 216, Centralia, Kans., donated Past Nat'l Chaplain (1963-64) conva- of flags from Va. One 42 Post 327, $6,000 toward the construction of Care lescing at home after suffering a broken Post 327, Norfolk, Va., celebrated Citi- Home for Senior Citizens. Unit 216 gave leg in a fall, zenship Day by presenting 42 flags to be $1,000 to the same cause. used in classrooms of Northside Junior Maurice F. Devine, of Post 2, Manches- H.S. In the photo above, Northside stu- ter, N.H., a member of the Nat'l Legis- American Legion Life Insurance dents Suzanne Savedge and Tommy Dail lative Commission and a former Chair- IVIonth Ending December 31, 1965 accept the gift from Post 327 Past Cmdr man of it, and past Nat'l Executive Com- Benefits paid Jan. 1-Dec. 31, 1965 ? 694,834 John D. Kilgore. Benefits paid since April 1958 3,060,984 mittee member, named Chairman of the Basic Units in force (number) 119,847 Judicial Council of the State of New New Applications approved since Jan. 1, 1965 13,914 Hampshire. Post Bunnell, Fla., sponsored its 115, New Applications rejected 2,355 first annual South Eastern Surfing cham- American Legion Life Insurance is an official program of the American Legion, adopted by DIED pionships (open to Floridians only) with tlie Nal'l Executive Committee, 1958. It is reducing term insurance, issued on application, five trophies awarded in each event. It Oswald W. McNeese, of Washington, subject to approval based on health and em- was designed as a youth activity and in- ployment statement to paid up members of The D.C., Past Nat'l Executive Committee- American Legion. Death benefits range from man (1921-22) from Louisiana. cluded a dance. $9,200 (full unit up to age 35) in reducing steps with age to termination of insurance at end of year in which 75th birthday occurs. For calendar year 1966 there is a 15'; "across the Rich, longtime director of Friends of Post 13, Hot Springs, Ark., Dwight The board" increase in benefits to all participants Michi- among the business firms and merchants in the group insurance plan. Available in half American Legion Boys State of and full units at flat rate of $12 or S24 a year gan. of the city gave the post a full page, two- on a calendar year basis, pro-rated during first year at $1 or $2 a month for insurance color ad in the Sunday Sentinel-Record, approved after Jan. 1. Underwritten by two showing photos of all the boys from the commercial life insurance companies, Ameri- Edmond A. Littlefield, of Los Altos, can Legion Insurance Trust Fund managed by Calif., Past Nat'l Vice (1943-44). community sponsored at Boys State, and trustee operating under the laws of Missouri. Cmdr presenting a record of the post's cash No other insurance may use the full words "American Legion " Administered by The gifts and rehabilitation and other serv- American Legion Insurance Department, P. O. Leiand L. Day, of Denver, Colo., Legion Box 5609. Chicago, 111. 60680, to which write 1 963- 1 ices to the city. for more details. Dep't Adjutant of Colorado ( 966).

• 38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE I RCH 1966 E

NEWS

OUTFIT REUNIONS 533rd AA AW Bn— (June) Leston H. Tanner, LIFE MEMBERSHIPS 315 W. 11th St., Crane, Tex. 79731 Reunion will be held in month indicated. For 537th Eng, Light Pontoon Co— (June) Gail E. The award of a life membership to a Legion- particulars, write person whose address is Schultz, 758 W. Broadway, Winona, Minn. naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who given. 544th AAA AW Bn— (Aug.) Thomas V. Raynak, know him best that he has served The Ameri- Notices accepted on official form only. For 1218 Standard Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio 44113 can Legion well. form send stamped, addressed return envelope 742nd MP Bn (WW2)— (Aug.) Roy L. Maring, Below are listed some of the previously un- to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, Box 61, Moulton, Iowa 52572 published life membership Post awards that 720 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Notices 753rd Rwy Shop Bn— (June) Ray Tittle, Rt. 1, have been reported to the editors. They are should be received at least five months before Huron, Ohio 44839 arranged by States or Departments. scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary 786th Eng Petrol Distr Co— (Aug.) Julian A. to get form. Cline, 3162 Norfolk Lane, Falls Church, Va. Clyde W. Duncan and James M. Harbuck, Jr. Earliest submission favored when volume of 22042 and Wendell H. Lowery (all 1963), Post 35, Bn, Charles requests is too great to print all. 896th AAA AW Bat A— (May) M. Birmingham, Ala. Bierley, 250 E. 6th St., Frederick, Md. W. C. Chambers and B. E. Cole and Frank ARMY 1620th MP— (July) Bernell S. Lewis, Box 54, Crouch and Grady Davis and Clarence Elmore Pesotum, 111. 61863 (all 1957), Post 49, Athens, Ala. 1st Cav Div— (Aug.) Mitchel Piper, 1125 NW Army Ambulance Serv (WWl) (July) Jas. J. — Wm. H. Golden and W. Duke Gullatt (both 107th St., Miami, Fla. 33168 Cummings, 803 E. Tioga St., Philadelphia, Pa. 1965), Post 135, Phenix City, Ala. 1st Div— (Sept.) Arthur L. Chaitt, 5 Mont- D. D. Dldelow and Hugh L. Didelow and gomery Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19118 NAVY Harry F. Flster and Leslie I. Harris (all 1965), 1st Inf Reg't, Co (Aug.) J. Corteville, H— Wm. 1st Marine Div— (Aug.) E. C. Clarke, Box 84, Post 14, San Bernardino, Calif. 13122 8th St., Grandview, Mo. Alexandria, Va. 22313 Frank W. Crocker and Glenn W. Croft and 4th Arm'd Div (New York City Chapter)— 3rd Marine Div Band (July) James E. Steffens, — Carl A. Danlelson and Ralph B. Dlmmltt (all (Apr.) Ed Rapp, 144-47 72nd Rd., Flushing, 2854 N. Melvina, Chicago, 111. 60634 1965) and James H. Estus, Post 291, Newport N.Y. 11367 (July) L. Haines, 3rd Spec Seabees— Ivo Genoa, Beach, Calif. 4th Illinois—130th Inf— (Sept.) John III. 60135 W. Land- Carl W. Sonne (1965), Post 134, Morton saw, 216 Clark St., Paris, 111. 61944 4th Marine Div (June) Gerald L. Pines, 1732 — Grove, 111. 5th Eng Spec Brigade, 4143rd Serv Co (Sept.) S. Horne St., Oceanside, Calif. — Leslie Casler, John Oyston (1958) and O. D. Seekamp (1959) Henry Nice, 4835 Main St., Snyder, N.Y. 29th Seabees— (Aug.) 4722 Win- throp Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. and T. E. Bailey (1960), Post 280, Benton, III. 5th Inf Reg't— (July) Robert T. Weston, P.O. 61st Seabees— (July) Perry N. Harrell, 1002 Jack Bold and Leo Duryea and James E. Box 2161, South Portland, Maine 04106 Carlton Ct., Leesburg, Fla. Goulding (all 1965), Post 348, Chicago, 111. 8th Arm'd Div— (July) Henry B. Rothenberg, 88th Seabees— (Aug.) Clyde H. Armstrong, 704 Theodore A. Smith and Dudley M. Waters Rm 1300, 134 N. LaSalle St., Chicago, 111. N. Ireland St., Greensburg, Ind. (both 1964), Post Chicago, 111. 60602 987, Bishop's Point, Pearl Harbor (July) George K. Carl A. Dalke and Carl S. Jante Robert 10th Arm'd Div— (Sept.) Jack Garrity, 1010 — and Maile, P.O. Box 331. Waimanalo, Oahu, G. Wheeler, Sr. (all Sunset Dr., Somerdale, N.J. 1965), Post 94, Valparaiso, Hawaii Ind. 11th Eng (WWl)— (May) Joseph V. Boyle, 326 USS Brlareus (AR12)— ( Junel James Clark, York St., Jersey City, N.J. Harry E. Bowman (1952) and Piatt C. Rice 07302 P.O. Box 660, Wayne, N.J. 07471 17th Sig (1964) and Malbert Kubiak and William Turpln Oper Bn (WW2)— (Sept.) E. F. Hof- Concord (CL 10)— (Aug.) Ray G. Schmitt, meister, USS (both 1965), Post 180, Highland, Ind. 710 Crown Ave., Scranton, Pa. R #1, Chaska, Minn. 55318 191h Coast Art'y— Harry J. Trester (1965), Post 231, Aurora, Ind. (June) Milton Herbel, R.R. USS Elmore— (July) Robert H. Zirwes, 4879 #1, Box 26, Leon, Kans. Columbia Rd., Apt #7, North Olmsted, Ohio Raymond R. Klrkpatrick (1965), Post 19, 21st Eng Aviation, 2nd Bn, Co D— (June) Winchester, Ky. Richard 44070 Langford, Box 296, Factoryville, Pa. USS Cleaves (DD 423)— (July) Jim Burke, Box Michael J. Hayes and Oscar A. Johnson and 18419 93 Gibbs Pond Rd., Nesconset, N.Y. 11767 Charles D. Maclnnls and Thomas F. Mahoney 26th Eng (WWl)— (June) W. P. Guinn, 7514 USS Laurens (APA 153)— (July) Harry Calli- (all 1966), Post 28, Northampton, Mass. Inwood St., Houston, Tex. 77017 coat. 10920 Annette, Tampa. Fla. C. L. Meredith (1965), Post 180, Hudson, 27th Div (WW1&2)— (Sept.) John F. Freeman, USS Picking (DD685, WW2)— (July) Ralph Mich. P.O. Box 96, Webster, N.Y. 14581 Reitmeyer, 537 E. Garden Rd., Pittsburgh, Pa. John F. Hunter and Hugh D. McPhall and 28th Div (AEF)— (June) George W. Styer, 202 USS Richard W. Suesens (DE 342)— (June) Cal Anthony C. Panfil and Leo A. Thaldorf (all Ash St., Danville, Pa. 17821 Krause, 422 S. Dewey Ave., Jefferson, Wis. 1965), Post 210, Detroit, Mich. 33rd Div— (June) William L. Engel, 176 W. Rollin F. Becker (1964), Post 246, Detroit, Adam St., Rm. 1634, Chicago, 111. 60603 AIR Mich. 34th Ene Reg't (WWl)— (Sept.) George Rem- ple, 2523 N. Main St., Dayton, Ohio 45405 27th Aero Sqdn (WWl)— (June) R. A. Shirek, Archie Lawrence, Sr. and Carl Mounteer and 39th Combat Eng— (Sept.) Thomas Sweares, 2441 Hunter St., Los Angeles, Calif. Duane L. Taylor and Lee E. Taylor (all 1962), 2217 E. Raymond St., Indianapolis, Ind. 46203 401st Bomb Gp (H), 614th Bomb Sqdn, Ground Post 315, Brooklyn, Mich. Personnel Niagara Falls, (Aug.) 42nd Div (Florida Chapter)— (Apr.) Robert J. at Canada— Robert J. Grimes and Reuben J. Hagstrom Dillon, 8681 E. Dixie Hwy, Miami, Fla. 33138 John S. Shourds, 116 W. Park St., Albion, and Clarence M. Olafson and Thomas E. Qulnn 63rd Inf Div— (July) Edward G. Witt, 1790 Ed- N.Y. 14411 (all 1965), Post 71, Duluth, Minn. (L), 668th, 669th, 670th, 671st sel Dr., Trenton, Mich. 48183 416th Bomb Gp Charles A. Haussner (1965), Post 168, White (Aug.) R. Ayles- 63rd Slg Bn (WW2)— (July) J. R. Turner, Jr., Bomb Sqdns— Theodore Bear Lake, Minn. 15 St., Mansfield, Pa. 16933 56 N. Cedar St., McDonough, Ga. 30253 worth, Decker J. Earle Dunigan and D. K. Robblns (both 67th Slg Bn, Co A— (July) Armand J. Albert, 1960), Post 121, Mound City, Mo. 61 Clinton Ave., Winslow, Maine 04901 MISCELLANEOUS George William Hegel (1965), Post 283, Im- 76th Coast Art'y, 933rd AA (Fort Bragg, 1941)— F Assoc— (July) John J. Boyle, 62 Augustine perial, Mo. (Sept.) James E. Harris, 630 E. Summit St., St., Brockton, Mass. 02401 John W. Stepp (1962) and Louis Hauschlld, Gainesville, Ga. Sr. and W. E. D. Schmidt (both 1963), Post 32, 93rd Arm'd Field Art'y Bn— (June) Del Mar Papillion, Nebr. Beetzel, First National Bank, Springfield, 111. THE AMERICAN LEGION Clarence Tasler and Lloyd E. Thompson and 102nd Inf Div— (July) Abe Mitchell, 2 McKay NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS August Troshynski and Frank J. Weber and Rd., Bethel, Conn. D CEMBER 31. 1 965 Allen C. White (all 1964), Post 86, Atkinson, 105th Sta Hosp— (July) Richard W. Wagner, ASSETS Nebr. MD., RR #8, Huntington, Ind. Cash on hand and on deposit $ .3.093,',094.85 John Maack (1963) and John Doran and Gail 108th Field Art'y, Bat C— (July) Edwin S. Receivable 224, 175.72 Herbst and I. M. Tretiak (all 1965), Post 112, Snyder, 1269 Liberty St., Franklin, Pa. 16323 Inventories 341 339. .38 Omaha, Nebr. 119th Field Art'y— (May) 119th F. A. Veterans Invested Funds 2.^^B. 488.83 Wade R. Hoover (1965), Post 134, Haigler, Ass'n, Box 9021, Lansing, Mich. 48909 Nebr. Trust Funds : 1.34th Inf, Co B (WW2)— (July) Jim Heiser, Overseas Graves Decoration John Burke, Sr. and Edward Constine and 2105 Fulton, Falls City, Nebr, 68355 Trust Fund 286,682.58 Archie Marcoux and John Ouellette (all 1959) 163rd Inf, Co L— (July) C. L. Reifsneider, 23 Employees Retirement and Dana Huntress (1962), Post 47, Rollinsford, Knox Ave., Berwyn, Pa. 19312 Trust Fund 3,658,724.65 3.945. 407.23 N.H. 185th Inf, Co G— (Mar.) V. G. F. Sr. Cherbak, Camp Real Estate 819,,469.33 Eugene Eisemann, and Louis J. Haege San Luis Obisno, San Luis ObisDo, F. Cah'f. 934^2 Furniture & Fixtures, Less Depreciation 211,,097.98 and Thomas Hayden and Thomas Horan (all 247th Ord Supply Depot Co— (July) Floyd D. 1965), Post 301, Queens Village, N.Y. Deferred Cliarges 87, ,4 57.94 Freeman, 22332 S. Western, Torrance, Calif. William C. Reldy and Julian M. Rlssier and 531.26 301st Slg Oper Bn (WW2)— (Aug.) Joseph J. Remsen B. Sickles and Malcolm Sidney and DiCaro, 1008 3rd Ave., Brackenridge, Pa. LL'^BILITIES. DEFERRED REVENUe Samuel Weintraub (all 1965), Post 391, Brook- 302nd Medical Bn— (May) Glenn Marrero, 3430 AND NET WORTH lyn, N.Y. Kennedy Blvd., Jersev Citv, N.J. 07307 Current Liabilities $ 1,029,,213.01 Edward W. Elvin (1965), Post 152, Jefferson, 313th Ammo Train, Co D (WWl)— (June) Mrs. Funds Restricted as to >ise 34, 577.82 Ohio. Clark Harris, Idana, Kans. 67453 Deferred Income 3,553 ,677.46 Alphonse Etzkorn and Cletus Grine and 323rd Medical Bn, Hq Det— (Aug.) Wilmer I. Trust Funds : Frank N. Tiell and Ehrhard M. Wank and Honabach, 826 S. Grant St., Palmyra, Pa. Overseas Graves Decoration Evart J. Ward (all 1965), Post 354, New Riegel, 17078 Trust Fund 286,682.58 Ohio. 331st Inf Reg't, Co I (WW2)— (June) George Emidoyees Retirement Frank X. Clarey (1965), Post 50, Sisseton, S. Ketterman, Lititz, Pa. Trust Fund 3,658,724.65 3,945 Dak. 339th Field Hosp (WWl)— (June) Floyd A. Net Worth : Smaltz, Wall Lake, Ofland, Ind. 46776 Reserve Fund 25.119.11 Life Memberships are accepted for publica- 346th Enar, Co D (WW2)— (July) Wayne B. Restricted Fund 436.644.72 tion only on an official form, which we provide. Clark, R #2, Mt. Vernon, Iowa 52314 Real Estate 819,469.33 Reports received only from Commander, Ad- 356th AA Sit Bn, Semimoblle (WW2)— (July) Reserve for Rehabilitation 528.607.84 jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded Harold Bogard, 5636 Oakland Dr., Kalamazoo, Reserve for Child Welfare 124.025.71 the life membership. Mich. 49001 Reserve lor Convention .... 60,000.00 They may get form by sending stamped, self- 360th Eng Reg't, GS— (June) Edw. E. Ziats, Box Reserve for Mail List addressed return envelope to: 257, Marianna, Pa. 15345 Conversion 289,034.84 "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 471st AAA AW Bn— (Aug.) Sylvester J. Bales, 2,282.901.55 5th Ave., New York, N.Y." 10019. R.R. #1, Kewaskum, Wis. Unrestricted Capital -134 ,754.19 2,717 , 655.74 On a comer of the return envelope write the 531st Eng Shore Reg't— (July) Herbert Sloan, Jl 1,280" 531.26 number of names you wish to report. No 1010 Glen Ct., Waukegan, 111. written letter necessary to get forms. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 39 "

FREE TO YOUR GROUP LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS

Big Bluegills Are Possible SPECIAL

YOUR LIFE depended upon your catching charcoal briquets in a coffee IF can and floats at least one fish, which species would you the can in the hole. When the briquets are go after? You'd be wise to choose the blue- about to burn out, he pops in a couple more. 80 CUP gill, one of the commonest and the most Even snow won't put them out. They keep beautiful freshwater sunfish, say biologists. the water surface warm enough to stay un- URN There are a lot of them and they are always frozen. hungry. In fact, it's lack of food that keeps FREE this royal member of the sunfish clan so POCKET-SIZE PURIFIER will provide small. But these biologists now are calling safe drinking water from a doubtful stream, For Selling $48.00 of M-K Products. him the "fish with a future" because they pond or well during your hunting or fishing believe that with proper management, which junket. Called the Pall Guard Pumpster, it's Virite today for details and special lyrder fcrrm. Money raising offers too. means adequate feeding, he can grow as large as a black bass! As proof, the world's MARION-KAY record stands at AVi pounds, 15'/2 inches. PRODUCTS CO., INC. Only his small size is his present handi- cap as a game fish. Pound-for-pound he'll Dept. 1 8-C Brownslown, Indiana outfight any black bass. He'll take any live or artificial bait; sometimes he'll even hit Matchbooks Pay Salesmen a bass plug as large as himself. And as a panfish he's tops in taste. All this adds up >7 MILLION A YEAR! to a potential angling bonanza. Get started in Your Locality with Actually, the bluegills caught are stunted midgets, and fish culturists say it is basically this ^15 Outfit FREE to Producers. angler's fault because he doesn't catch In the past a lot of smart Salesmen have ignored the little Matchbook enough of them and those he does catch he simply because they didn't know the throws back. The result is a tremendous facts. What are the facts? For one thing, businessmen buy IVIatchbooks bluegill population with not enough natural to the tune of A BILLION A DAY. food to go around. A six-inch female lays Every day, Matchbook Salesmen pocket $64,000 in profits —more than 100,000 eggs. About 4,000 survive to adult- $7 MILLION^A YEAR. That's a big business. That's hood. But on a starvation diet, these young big money. It's so big it warrants the attention of America's top salesmen. Why don't you get the facts. adults stop growing whereas, with an abun- They'll come to you Free and postage prepaid. Don't pass up this hidden goldmine another day. Send your dance of food, a bluegill will never stop The Pall Guard Pumpster name to me. Robert E. Oakes. Matchcorp of America, growing—until caught. The more taken 3433 W. 48th Place, Dept. EX-36, Chicago, 111. 60632. from a lake or pond, the better the fishing a small plastic hand pump which filters wa- will be, obviously because there will be ter through a replaceable cartridge con- FREE CATALOG more food for those that remain and they'll taining millions of openings 1/170,000 of BANQUET/MEETING grow larger and raise even larger families. an inch in size, small enough to filter out FURNITURE In man-made farm ponds stocked with all bacteria. Made by: Pall Corp., 30 Sea- black bass, bluegills often are stocked also cliff Ave., Glen Cove, N.Y. COAT/ HAT RACKS as fodder for their larger cousins. But even in these, there's sometimes danger of their Immediate Delivery DO YOU HAVE AN OLD BUCK as tough crowding out the bass. The recommended m as shoe leather in your freezer? Make him remedy in such a case is interesting just — as tender as a fawn; marinate him. Mix Vs Adirondack add a few voracious pickerel to thin them qt. of vinegar. % qt. of water. 2 chopped 276-0 S., Park Ave. N.Y.C. 10010 down. A pond with a happy balance of blue- onions, a few cloves, some celery, leeks, PITTSBURGH • CHICAGO • BOSTON • DALLAS • ATLANTA • LOS ANGELES gills and bass, maintained by fishing it con- parsley and carrots to taste. Bring it to a stantly, can yield as much as 200 pounds boil and when cool, pour it over the steaks of edible fish per acre per year. Plus all the Shrinks Hemorrhoids or chops and let soak until tender, usually happy angling that goes with it! 24 hours. For the best sport, use a very wispy fly New Way Without Surgery rod; you can get one as light as an ounce IF YOU WEAR GLASSES while you're and on it a half-pound bluegill will put up out hunting or fishing, rain or snow will Stops Itch -Relieves Pain a fight you'll remember. With dry flies, fish streak them and obstruct your vision. But the shallows near shore. For the largest fish, For the first time science has found a you can make them streakproof. While new healinn' sub.stance with the astonishing sink a wet fly or nymph near a deep weed they're still dry, wipe each lens with a piece ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve bed. If you and your angling friends will of newspaper. Or put a small dry soap mark pain — without surg-ery. concentrate on reducing the sunfish popula- each spread it over the surface with In case after case, while gently relieving on and pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. tion in your pond for a few seasons, the day your finger, then polish. The lenses will Most amazing of all — results were so will come when in that weed bed there'll be look clear, but water will run right off them. thorough that sufferers made astonishing lurking some monster bluegills that will re- statements like "Piles have ceased to be a problem! quire a king-size frying pan. If you have a helpful idea for this feature The secret is a new healing substance send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you (Bio-Dyne®) — discovery of a world-famous $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- that tend to freeze research institute. ICE-FISHING HOLES turn, or enter into correspondence concern- This substance is now available in sup- over can be kept open in a number of ways. ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, pository or ointment form under the name An unusual one is suggested by W. W. Ros- The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth Preparation H®. Ask for it at all drug counters. set of Northwood, N.D. He lights a few Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. 40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 and your good health qualify you

for one of America's best insurance bargains.

And this year your Official American Legion Life Insurance Plan Official American Legion Life Insurance was created exclusively Legionnaire. is a better bargain than ever. for you. It's just one more advantage of being a First, your benefits have been increased. Increased by 15% of AMOUNT OF INSURANCE, DETERMINED BY AGE* all ages throughout 1966.

their insurance in force up Second, Legionnaires may now keep Age Basic Full Unit Total Coverage During 1966 to age 75. (Previously insured members whose coverage termi- Under 35 $8,000 $9,200.00 nated at age 70 may reinstate their insurance after submitting 35-44 4,500 5,175.00 evidence of insurability.) 45-54 2,200 2,530.00 55-59 1,200 1,380.00 And Legionnaires get these extra advantages at no increase in 60-64 800 920.00 premium. You still pay only $2 a month — less than 7^ a day. 65-69 500 575.00 To apply, just mail the application with your check for $1 8. That 70-74 330 379.50 will the full unit of insurance for the rest 1966. buy you of * After you sign up, your coverage gradually reduces, as shown in Normally, no medical examination is required. If your applica- chart.

tion is not accepted, your $18 will be promptly refunded.

r- OFFICIAL APPLICATION for YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE INSURANCE for MEMBERS of THE AMERICAN LEGION AMERICAN PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS CHECK MUST ACCOMPANY THIS APPLICATION LEGION LIFE Full Name Birth Date INSURANCE Last First Middle Mo. Day Year PLAN Permanent Residence IMPORTANT Street No. City State If you reside in New Name of Beneficiary _ .Relationship York, North Carolina, Example; Print "Helen Louise Jones," Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" Ohio, Texas, Wiscon- sin, Illinois, New Jer- Membership Card No. Year Post No. _ .State sey, or Puerto Rico, I apply for a Full Unit of insurance at Annual Premium of $24.00 or a Half Unit at $12.00 do not use this form. The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this Instead, write to The application: American Legion Life Insurance Plan, P.O. 1. Present occupation? . Are you now actively working? Box 5609, Chicago, Illinois 60680. Appli- Yes No If No, give reason.

cations and benefits 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If Yes, give date, length of vary slightly In some

areas. If your applica- stay and cause tion is not accepted, 3. Do you now have, or during the past five years have you had, heart disease, lung disease, cancer, diabetes your premium will be refunded. or any other serious illness? No Yes If Yes, give dates and details MAIL TO:

I represent that, to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this application AMERICAN LEGION

are true and complete. I agree that this application shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under LIFE INSURANCE the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may PLAN, attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. P.O. BOX 5609, Dated. 19. Signature of Applicant. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS OCCIDENTAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, Home Office: Los Angeles 60680 GMA-300-6 ED. 5-63

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . MARCH 1966 41 THE LIFE AND DEATH OF CASEY JONES righted it in 1 909, with words by T. Law- (Continued from page 17) rence Seibert and music by Eddie New- ton. It was superior in tune and rhyme, of onrushing Cannonball No. 1. What marvel and mystery is how Engineer but much less accurate than that of Wal- happened next has been a matter of con- Jones stopped that train. The railroad lace Saunders. In fact, they placed the troversy ever since. men themselves wondered at it, and of wreck on a Western line near San Fran- Regulations required that warning tor- course the uninitiated could not do less. cisco and added a verse suggesting that pedoes be placed on the track "30 tele- But stop it he did, in a way that showed Mrs. Jones had another husband "on graph poles away," that a fusee be lighted his complete mastery of his engine, as the Salt Lake Line." It was a best-seller and a trainman be sent with a lantern well as his sublime heroism." just before World War I. Both Seibert to intercept the oncoming train. A flag- Hauser predicted "the Vaughan wreck and Newton were dead when their origi- man named John M. Newberry was dis- will be talked about in roundhouses, nal copyright ran out in 1937, but their patched from the southbound freight to lunchrooms, and cabooses for the next heirs renewed this and it has been a do all these things. According to an offi- six months." It was talked about for steady seller in records and sheet music. cial investigator's report, Sim Webb and years. One of Casey's friends, Wallace the crews of the three trains waiting at Saunders, a Negro engine-wiper at the From Casey's death, Mrs. Jones re- Vaughan agreed that Newberry had done Canton shops of the Illinois Central, ceived the money from two $1,500 pol- his job and the torpedoes exploded. composed a chantey about the wreck and icies with the Locomotive Engineers Life Accident Insurance '"Engineer Jones was solely responsible began to sing it. Mutual & Asso- for the collision by reason of having dis- "Casey Jones," sang Saunders. "Casey ciation, a benefit of Casey's belonging to regarded the signals given by Flagman Jones. He was all right. Stuck to his duty the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engi- neers. To rear her three children she Newberry," concluded this report by both day and night. Casey Jones . . . A. W. Sullivan, then general superin- Fireman say, Casey you're runnin' too turned her home in Jackson into a board- ing house for railroad men. One son. tendent of the Illinois Central. fast . . . Out run yo' signal last station John Lloyd, sometimes known as Casey yo' passed . . . Casey Jones, he died at FOR MANY YEARS before his death in the throttle, with the whistle in his hand!" Jr. (his Catholic mother wouldn't call Memphis on July 13, 1957, Sim Saunders, who could neither read nor him Luther), became an automobile Webb told and recorded a different story, write, allowed his ballad to be copied by truck repairman mechanic and served in insisting: ""We saw no flagman or fusee! William Leighton, an Illinois Central en- the Army in World War I at Knoxville.

We heard no torpedoes." gineer. Leighton passed it along to his He died in 1934. The Jones' daughter, In any event, admirers of Casey rallied brothers, Bert and Frank Leighton, who Helen, married D. C. McKenzie, a Gulf,

to his defense. This is what made the were vaudeville performers. It is said that Mobile & Ohio storekeeper. They live in mishap different from the 27 other rear- Saunders first refused to allow the song Mobile. The other son, Charles, retired end collisions on U.S. railroads that to be written, but changed his mind when at 72 in 1960, after 43 years in the Illi- month. First detailed news of the wreck an engineer friend of William Leighton's nois Central shops as a pipefitter. He was a story in the New Orleans Times gave him a bottle of gin. The vaudevil- lives in Jackson, Tenn. His son, Charles. Democrat from a former employee, lians sang variations of the ballad to a Jr., Casey Jones' grandson, is an Illinois Adam Hauser, who was one of the pas- tune close to Steamboat Bill and spread Central diesel mechanic in Fulton, Ky. sengers on the Cannonball who may have it throughout the land. Somebody else owed their lives to Casey's heroism. had Casey "a no-good scab who refused A REBUTTAL to the Scibcrt-Newton "Engineer Jones did a wonderful as to strike with the Southern Pacific boys." As song, Mrs. Jones, with the help of well as an heroic piece of work, at the A professional song-writing team Lysle Tomerlin, a local man, in 1938 cost of his life," wrote Hauser. "The wrote the best known version and copy- wrote and pubUshed a song, "My Hus- band Casey Jones." Few copies were sold outside of Tennessee but it spurred a re- vival of interest in Casey. She was present that year when Sen. Alben Barkley sang Casey's praises at the unveiling of a monument erected to him on Highway 94 at Cayce, Ky., by the Hickman Lions Club. The bronze plaque said that Casey's mishap was "by no fault of his."

Fred J. Lee, a retired Illinois Central engineer who had known Casey, wrote a book about him the next year. Only one edition was printed in Tennessee and

it is now a collector's item, but it added to the lore. Mrs. Jones was a guest at the 1939 New York World's Fair. A mo- tion picture and a series of radio dramas based on the Casey Jones story followed. In 1947, Lucius Beebe and Charles Clegg, railroad historians, replaced the simple wooden cross marking Casey's grave in Jackson's Calvary Cemetery alongside the I.C. tracks with a granite monument. The top shows Engine No. 382 and the inscription on the side says: "To the {Continued on page 44) "'""-""on Sk

.... '"^''-nl

Enameled Flag. New!

Die struck rhodium finlslied heavy metal with full color baked enamel Flag. Jewelers quality for lifetime Flag Tab with Card wear. Available with nail and clutch back (No. 80099); Pin and Silk screen, full color metal Flag tab. Comes with safety catch (No. or 80098); Ringed statement of purpose and support card. Continue charm (No. 80097) $1.50 this most worthwhile program. Over 13 million Flag tabs with cards have been given to the public by American Legion Posts and Auxiliary Units on a free distribution basis. No. 80095 Flag tabs with cards, per package of 1,000 $4.90 PREPAID.

(Quantity Prices for 50,000 or More)

Jeweled Flag Pin

New! Sparkling colored stones set in yellow gold metal outlines a Flag for full fashion wear on ail occasions. No. 80096 $1.75

WRITE FOR QUANTITY PRICES ON ALL ITEMS ON THIS PAGE

THE AMERICAN LEGION, NATIONAL EMBLEM SALES /ee Presentation Set P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 ideal for home or office. A specially Enclosed is $_ Please rush the following designed set, offered for the first time as a part of The American Legion's "OPERATION SHOW YOUR COLORS." Printed rayon 8 x 12" Flag, golden fringe with cord and tassels, mounted on a vacuum- gold plated wood staff with spear, on a heavy weight plastic base. Gift boxed. No. 72880 $2.50 CITY STATE Send free catalog. Membership Card No. THE LIFE AND DEATH OF CASEY JONES AGE 50 to 80? (Continued from page 42) memory of the locomotive engineer, given to the Casey Jones Museum by Discover How To Apply For Old whose name as 'Casey Jones,' became a the City of Jackson and many other rail- Line Legal Reserve Life Policy! part of the folklore and the American road relics were given to the Museum language: For I'm to run her till she the Illinois If you're between 50 and 80, you may by Central. leaves the rails or make it on time with This was opened with ceremony on still apply for the same kind of life the southbound mail." April 30, 1956, after the city purchased insurance available when you were Activities in connection with the ap- the home where the Jones' had lived at younger. You handle entirely by mail. proaching centennial of the Illinois Cen- the time of the accident, and installed No one will call on you. No obUgation. tral resulted in a 1950 commemorative one of Mrs. Jones' friends, Mrs. Martha stamp, not for the railroad but in honor Vance Gilland, as manager. Mrs. Jones Write for more information today. of Casey Jones! The first-day-sale cere- gave Casey's watch and many other per- Just tear out this ad and mail it with monies for this brown three-cent stamp sonal relics of the engineer to the mu- address year birth your name, and of to on April 29, 1950, the day before the seum before her death in a Jackson nurs- Old American Insurance Co., 4900 Oak, 50th anniversary of Casey's last run, ing home on November 21, 1958. His Dept. L357M, Kansas City, Mo. 64141. drew the biggest crowd in the town's his- original "whippoorwill" whistle is now story to Jackson, Tenn. Postmaster Roy owned by a collector of railroad relics in Make Rubber Stamps for BIG PAY Gilbert sold a million stamps and can- Bonne Terre, Mo., but Charles B. Jones celed 440,000 first-day covers. Mrs. has made and given a duplicate of it to Need more money? Earn $60-175 aweek, spare time, at home mak- Jones and Sim Webb received the first the museum in Jackson. As nearly all '^^-1-^ ing rubber stamps for offices, fac- tories, individuals. Hundreds of sheets. The late I. B. Tigrett, president steam locomotives and steam whistles uses. Hundreds of prospects— everywhere. Right in your own com- and chairman of the Gulf, Mobile & have followed Casey to "the promised munity. Turn out special stamps for names, addresses, notices, prices, etc., Ohio, for which Casey had worked as land," museum visitors study the whistle in minutes with table-top machine. We famish everything and help finance you, at telegrapher and fireman before joining very intently. teee than bank rates. Write (or free facta. No eaiesman will call. Rubber Stamp DIv., 1512 Jarvis, Dept. R-8-CX, Chicago 60626 the I.e., and other speakers compared There is also a memorial marker to him to Paul Bunyan and Johnny Apple- Casey Jones at the Vaughan, Miss., LEARN seed. wreck site. Placed there by the Missis- MEAT CUTTING Five railroad presidents were present, sippi Historical Commission, it reads: Train quickly In 8 short weeks at though not the president of the Illinois "Casey Jones : A famous ballad, the folk- Toledo for a bright future with security in the vital meat business. Big pay, Central. J. Corliss, historian full-lime Jobs—HAVE A PROFITAIiI.E C. of the lore of American railroading and a post- MARKET OP YOUR OWN! Pay after graduation. Diploma given. Job help. railroad, however, dealt generously with age stamp commemorate the colorful Thousands of successful graduates. Our ' 43ra year! Send now for big, new Casey Jones in its centennial history, and courageous engineer who was killed illusUated FREE c.ntalog. No obligafion. G. I. Approved. "Main Line of Mid-America," but nat- in a wreck here in 1900." Corn grows urally stuck to the official account of the each year at the scene, self-seeded from torpedoes exploding at Vaughan. A lo- the grain scattered by Casey's locomo- STAMPS FREE comotive of the type of No. 382 was tive. THE END New Issues—New Countries—Triangles—RocAete — Olympics— Scouts—Birds—Flowers—Animala —ALSO Old Canadian and U.S. postage stamps. All genuine. Plus complete illustrated Canadian Stamp Catalog. Send ten cents for mailing. Gray Stamp Co., Dept. L4, Toronto, Can. NO ESCAPE FROM POWER FAILURE DISASTER? (Continued from page 12)

PLAY RIGHT AWAY! units to Even If You Don't Kno Good 3,000-watt are be had Where do you buy generators? They a Note of Music Now in the price range of $450 to $600, not are sold by mail-order houses and local it's EASY to Nowlearn any instrument. No boring exer- installed. distributors. Local distributors are listed cises. Play real pieces by notes right away. A 5,000-watt (or 5 kilowatt, same under "generators" in the yellow pages Amazing progress home, in spare I thing) generator will bring the average of phonebooks. Of course some of those students. Write f< Music Studio 463. Port Washington Estah. 1898. Lie, N Y. State Educa middle-class home close to its normal listed deal only in automobile generators supply of electricity (not all the way, but or big industrial units. While an indus- NO NEED TO WEAR close). A good 5,000-watt model costs trial user should have no problems with approximately $800, not installed. mail-order purchase, it would seem that A fully electrified home can operate a novice in the field would be well ad- as if nothing had happened down at the vised to use a dealer as close to home as A TRUSS power plant on a 7,500-watt generator. possible, in order to consult at the time A top quality 7,500-watt unit, not in- of purchase and to have someone to turn FOR RUPTURE stalled, runs in the neighborhood of to in case of trouble. $1,100. Installation and double switch Engineering counseling to fit a home That Binds, Cuts, Gouges, costs change little with the power of the generator to your stated needs and to all Slips and Does Not Hold If you must wear a Truss for Rupture, don't unit. technical and legal requirements is a reg- miss this. A Post Card, with name and address, You might be wondering about some ular part of the distributor service of the will get you FREE, and without obligation, the inter- complete, modernized Rice Plan of Reducible other things. Does something bad happen three nationally known firms we Rupture Control. Now in daily use by thou- if the generator is running full tilt but viewed—Onan, Kohler and Homelite. sands who say they never dreamed possible aren't drawing any power from it? Homelite's advertising literature, such secure, dependable and comfortable rup- you ture protection. Safely blocks rupture opening, No. Nothing at all. What happens to a which boasts that all its models are porta- prevents escape, without need for bulky, cum- generator that's overloaded while run- ble (4,500 watts is Homelite's biggest) bersome Trusses, tormenting springs or harsh, gouging pad pressure. Regardless of how long ning? An overload could burn out the and air-cooled, emphasizes service to ruptured, size, occupation, or trusses you have unit, so most of them have fuses or cir- novice buyers. Homelite says that its worn. TRY THIS, and send your Post Card exactly today to W. S. Rice, Inc., Adams, N.Y. Dept. 8W. cuit breakers to shut off overloads. agents will "show you what you 44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 PICK STRAWBERRIES IN 60 DAYS need, and how it can be installed with complete compliance with all safety regulations." The literature promises "a test- demonstration to prove that the rec- CLIMBING run ommended generator will run all the equipment you will require during an emergency." Onan and Kohler, both of whom also STRAWBERRIES make more powerful units, were em- EVERBEARING (NOT JUNE-BEARING) phatic that their dealers (who frequently install large commercial units) wouldn't PRODUCE ALL SUMMER UNTIL FROST take a back seat to Homelite in consum- er counseling. The one thing that sometimes trips up even the most satisfied customers of any 4 *1

• LARGE JUICY BERRIES! • PRODUCES BERRIES FROM BOTTOM TO TOP • BEARS FRUIT FIRST YEAR! • EVER-BEARING PERENNIALS GROW YEAR AFTER YEAR • CAN BE TRAINED ON ANY TRELLIS, FENCE OR POLE! • EASY TO GROW -SIMPLE TO PLANT!

It's true! A beautiful climbing strawberry. A strawberry plant that produces delicious, honey-sweet red strawberries the whole way up! Read these facts and learn how you can grow these beautiful ornamental plants that produces berries that you can pick from the vine. Imagine the curiosity, the envy of your neighbors as they watch you grow strawberries on a pole, trellis or fence. Imagine the interest grow them in . . . only a couple of square feet and excitement as they watch this richly foli- of ground per plant! Imagine a climbing aged plant reaching vigorously upward. Im- — strawberry plant from only 2 square feet of agine your own delight as you watch enticing ground! Amazing, but true. Planting and bright red strawberries appear. Just picture care are simple and full directions with yourself leisurely walking through your gar- come your order. den picking real, red strawberries from your own exotic climbing strawberry plants . . . STRAWBERRIES FROM SPRING picking delightful tasting strawberries right UNTIL FROST off the vine . . . without having to wash off Offer Will Not Be Repeated This Year. "Your weekly recreation period is over." the dirt . . . and popping them into your mouth to enjoy their vine-fresh flavor! Climbing strawberries grow, climb and bear succulent berries until killing frost. Planted THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE in early spring, these climbing strawberry CLIMBING STRAWBERRIES plants start producing berries around July of the standby models is that when a cou- ARE PERENNIALS and continue to produce week after week, ple of years go by without any power until frost. can enjoy firm texture, Ever-Bearing — Produce All Summer You the failure, the long-unused motor may not Until Frost tempting fragrance and delightful taste of these magnificent strawberries for months. start. All the makers warn that if you You don't have to buy and plant these But that's not all! These plants are as beau- have a standby generator you should give Climbing Strawberries every year! Because tiful as they are practical. Not only do they it a trial run at frequent intervals. they are hardy perennials, they'll grow year produce delicious fruit, but they also help to Finally, if after reading this you are after year. And each spring they'll produce dress up your garden with beautiful greenery even more lustily, increasing in length moved to get up and go and read the decked generously with bright red berries. A quickly and forming 5 to 6 rosettes at inter- splendid ornamental plant with luxurious wattages on your various appliances, you vals. These rosettes produce clusters of wax-green foliage. Act today! may be distressed to note that some of flowers from which the berries fruit pro- Because supplies are limited — them list amperes and not watts. Am- fusely this year. In turn, the rosettes produce more runners which bear more flowers and this offer will not be repeated this year. peres times volts equals watts. My little fruit. A prolific, splendid plant to enjoy for So rush your order in today toaster is labeled at 110 volts and 10.5 years and years. It is truly everbearing. to avoid disappointment. amperes and not a word about watts. But Plants will be Shipped in Time 10.5 times 110 is 1,155 and that's the EASY TO GROW for Proper Planting in Your Area wattage of the toaster. the end

These plants have proven their ability to j RUSH ORDER TODAY 1 thrive and produce and withstand severe CLIMBING STRAWBERRIES winters. And you don't need a lot of space to DEPT. CS-AM 4 Plants Only $1 CARBONDALE, ILLINOIS 10 Plants Only $2 KEEP FREEDOM Please rush me my CLIMBING STRAWBERRY 3-MONTH WRITTEN GUARANTEE PLANTS 4 for $1.00 ... or 10 for $2.00. IN YOUR FUTURE Climbing Strawberry plants are shipped to SEND CLIMBING STRAWBERRY PLANTS.

arrive in perfect condition for planting . . . ENCLOSED IS $ to grow and produce berries or plants will WITH (ADD FOR POSTAGE AND be replaced absolutely FREE anytime 25(f HANDLING) within 3 months! NAME S. CLIMBING U. SAYINGS BONDS STRAWBERRIES ADDRESS CARBONDALE, ILLINOIS ******* CITY -STATE_ ZIP. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 45 —

NEW "VIETNAMS" IN LATIN AMERICA? year-old professional communist agent (Continued from page 21) who studied sociology at the Sorbonne in Paris, and received communist "lib- and Argentina (the latter Yugoslavian- in Guatemala and all Latin countries. eration war" training in Algeria, born). Authorities earmarked the seized Communist agents and reinforcements Red China, Cuba and North Vietnam. has money to aid victims of the communist from Cuba freely enter Guatemala by He reportedly fought with the Viet Cong. terror and sent Beltramini back to Italy, way of the jungle-clad Honduran and where he was reported re-arrested. Mexican borders. Hondurans, too, are Although communist insurrection is always represented as a "rising of the When Venezuelan red guerrillas raid sHpped in, both to help the Guatemalan workers," students, college faculty mem- small communities, Viet Cong style, they terrorists and to learn how to carry on bers and other intellectuals are the fire- seldom fail to rob the stores and banks later in Honduras. Experts have decoded brands and most willing Latin tools of as a sideline to their terror program. secret messages to the guerrillas in some the overseas communist directors, just The American C.I. A. estimates that of the daily Havana broadcasts praising as they are elsewhere. In Latin America, Castro had pumped $250,000 into the Guatemalan revolutionary move- where students over the decades have Guatemalan "liberation" by 1965. Kid- ment. joined virtually every revolution, the uni- napping the well-to-do and businessmen Luis de la Puente, the best known versities are the heart and soul of the for ransom was infrequent in Guatemala guerrilla leader in Peru, was a personal "war of liberation" as an organized until the last four months of 1965. Then, friend of Castro. He received revolution- movement. in a short period, 15 prominent people were taken and held for amounts ranging Colombia, a majority of the student from $25,000 to $250,000. Fearing for IN unions in the country's 23 public uni- the safety of themselves and their fam- versities are communist-controlled, as is ilies, some businessmen pulled out for the nationwide National University Fed- Miami. The Guatemalan guerrillas fre- eration. Free University, in Bogota, has quently attack remote offices of the been communist-controlled for the last United Fruit Company and steal the pay- five years, and communist funds are roll. They shot down one United Fruit channelled to it by red leader Perez Company helicopter, killing two men, in Vines. A pro-Peking communist, Ar- search of a payroll—but none was mando Correa, is president of the student aboard. Large landowners in rural union at Bogota's National University. Guatemala are invited to pay tribute or In an interview, he told co-author Wiley have their plantations wrecked. that a communist victory throughout Tons of propaganda come into these Latin America is "inevitable." The ex- nations from Peking and Moscow, by ample of Castro is his main bulwark of way of Hong Kong, Mexico, Uruguay faith. and Cuba. Key guerrillas are trained in control the schools abroad and political leadership Communists student body comes from dedicated, hard-line com- at Central University in Caracas, Vene- munists. Peruvian sources estimate that zuela (which enrolls more than half of 1,055 Peruvian guerrillas were trained that country's college students) and at three of the other four state-run univer- last year in the Soviet Union, Red China, North Vietnam and Cuba. Hundreds of sities. Many professors and even some deans are communists. Central Univer- Colombians now organizing rural rebel "I got my coat off the bed. Why?" sity students distribute red literature, rob bands in the hills were trained in Cuba, to aid the guerrillas, where a thousand Colombians are said THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE banks and even in hills fighting to be training at present. spend weekends the with ary training in Cuba and behind the Iron them. Student Freddy Munoz was arrested and jailed after secretly visiting ACCORDING TO a dcfcctor from Cas- Curtain and visited Red China. Accord- in jail elected tro's General Directorate of Intel- ing to documents seized at the former Cuba. While he was he was ligence, a top Cuban agent went secretly Cuban Embassy in Lima, Castro had president of the Central University student body. couple of to Venezuela in 1962 as Castro's per- financed de la Puente's Peruvian revolu- A hundred Vene- sonal agent to direct the "liberation" tionary work since 1960. A 37-year-old zuelan youths a year surreptitiously go there. The defector said that the agent lawyer, he broke with the Peruvian op- to communist schools abroad, in Cuba, the Moscow and elsewhere, and many return Maj. Abelardo Colome—was still there position political party about time to lead communist campus organizations at least two years later. There is nothing Castro took over Cuba, and formed the secret about the role of Cuba, of course. "Leftist Revolutionary Movement" or organize in the hinterlands.

Castro is to all of the red organizations in which sparked Peru's guerrilla organiza- Communist students in Guatemala's Latin America as Ho Chi Minh is to the tions. De la Puente was convicted of San Carlos University take up collections Viet Cong in South Vietnam. Havana murder in 1962 and became a fugitive. for the guerrillas, and have been caught Radio openly exhorts revolution. It tells In the guerrilla hideout areas in the high printing guerrilla news releases. Some

Guatemalans that their country is the Andes he organized the Indians to pro- are involved in terrorism, and the ranks "revolutionary spark" that will ignite all tect the guerrillas and invade private of the guerrillas swell during the vacation of Central America. The Guatemalan ranches. He was on his way to becoming months as communist and just plain "Revolutionary Armed Forces" (FAR) a legendary figure, with the status of a thrill-happy students take to the moun- was set up at a secret communist con- Castro in communist eyes, when he was tains to wage outlaw warfare on their gress in Havana in November 1964, at- reported killed with seven of his men in own people. tended by representatives of the so-called a battle with government forces in the The very center of communist strength

Guatemalan Labor Party, which is the mountains last October 24. in Peru is Lima's San Marcos University. communist party in that country. The If de la Puente is really dead, the red When the leader of the University Fed- congress issued a communique pledging mantle of leadership in Peru could read- eration, Licurgo Pinto, was recently ar- all-out support for the "freedom fighters" ily pass to Guillermo Lobarton, a 35- rested on charges of aiding the guerrillas.

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 troops had towage a bloody battle against the continent may turn on the yet un- communist-led students to seize him. In- proved ability of the reds to get real, CHECKER MARATHON terviewed by co-author Wiley a week be- armed peasant uprisings going. fore his arrest, Pinto was found to be an In Colombia, the reds found it hard intelligent, dedicated, Peking-line com- going when they tried to take over the munist. He made it clear that no opposi- 250,000-member Colombian Workers tion would be tolerated after a commu- Confederation, which purged communist nist victory in Peru. elements from its leadership ranks two The strength of the communists years ago. They are still active on the among labor and the peasantry in these local level, and have retaliated by form- four Latin nations varies. Neither group ing a rival national labor union of their provides much in the way of leadership, own which claims 166,000 members. and, as elsewhere in the world, they are the militaristic-intellectual wooed by MORE and less success, Latin communists as Indians, not chiefs. In the WITH American governments are active- "a car and 1/2'' of value Peru that is literally the case, Andes of ly combatting the "liberation wars," Takes the grunts and groans out as some of the Indian peasantry has been though many of them have lost nearly all of getting in and out! Checker de- organized to fight beside the guerrillas, control of some outlying areas. The sit- livers comfort, interior room and on occasion even with bow-and-arrow. style continuity unmatched by any uation in Colombia is a dismal one. What they understand of "Marxism-Len- other car built in the U.S.; interior Venezuela has fought back so vigorously appointments that rival Europe's largest and inism," or the "dictatorship of the pro- that some believe the government forces most-luxurious limousines. letariat," or the fine speeches of the uni- Only Checker offers practical have the tide in their favor. The Guate- features such versity communists is a moot question. as a 37>2-foot turning circle, flat rear floors, malan Government is losing control of and no yearly style changes. It's like getting "a As elsewhere, the peasantry is recruited orderly process, not gaining. car and K" of value ... of room ... of comfort sometimes by force and terror, some- . . . at no extra cost! Write directly to the factory The Peruvian regular army is fighting times for the sheer joy of defying au- for a brochure and name of a dealer near you. in the field within its national borders. I The situation in Bolivia can progress to 1 Checker Motors Corporation In Brazil, | the shooting stage at any time. Dept. 52, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007 j where a few years ago the populace rose I to prevent a communist NAME up en masse I takeover of the government, things are now shakier than at any time since then. We leave the Dominican Republic to whatever news appears in your morning

paper. The picture is not much brighter "I've averaged in any nation of the Caribbean, Central

America or South America, be it Pan- ama, Haiti, Ecuador, Paraguay or you mosf of it clear profit!"! name it. Even if the present situation WRITES CHARLES LEMMING , 1 could be reversed by militant govern- • In a small city, Charles Lem ment efforts in many Latin countries, the started his own business, averaged $100 a day during first year. international "war of liberation," with No special skill or big investment needed. You clean furni- its bases abroad, to powerful promises ture on customers' premises. be tireless unless the gates can be Homes, hotels, offices, clubs offer big profit possibilities. slammed shut. Operate from home. We help you to start and to succeed. The key gate is Castro's Cuba. As long Write today for FREE booklet as the communist regime remains in that tells the whole profit story. No obligation. SCHRADER MFG. CO. • PI., Cuba, it will be a direct avenue for Soviet VON 317 "D" Racine, Wi«. "I didn't get the raise, but he broi

Confederation of Peru is strong, as at- General Giap, commander of the red Vou get Mo. Pmt. # Pmls. tested by crude hammer-and-sickle em- North Vietnam Army, who said: "If the WUP TO $ 252.38 $14 24 blems painted on peasants' doors. Peru- special warfare that the U.S. imperialists 3 YEARS $ 708.16 $31 30 vian communism is weak among top un- are testing in South Vietnam is over- TO REPAY $1,138.02 $42 36 ion leadership, but is making headway come, this means that it can be defeated Insurance available to qualified borrowers, with the more gullible union locals. everywhere." The reverse may be true. r 1 Of the several thousand guerrillas un- A communist failure in Vietnam may be TRANS-CON FINANCE CORPORATION der arms in Venezuela, few are peasants. the only thing that could check them p. O. Box 2393 Fort Worth, Texas 76101 LGN-3-6 The hard core are the recruits from the from putting us to the final test on a super Name Address colleges, while the peasants have dubbed scale closer to home, in an all-out, red- C ity State them asesinos communistas—commu- run "hemispheric Vietnam" in the Amer- Occupation. - Age- nist assassins. The real test throughout icas. THE END THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 47 —

"WILLYOU SMOKE MY NEW KIND OF PIPE... SAVINGS EARN MORE. WORKER SHORTAGE. 30 Days at My Risk?" New principle that con- PERSONAL COST OF NEW HOMES UP. tradicts every idea you've ever had about pipe smoking. I guarantee it to smoke cool and The higher interest rates the Government is promoting to prevent inflation mild hour after hour, can be a boon to you if you have any cash to lay away. In that event, banks day after day, without — rest, without bite, bit- and savings and loan associations will woo you with the promise of even- terness or sludge. higher payoffs. Interest on straight savings accounts has risen to around To prove it, I'll^ 4y2% and the loan associations quote 4.85% to well over 5%. let you try a new Carey Pipe. Send But the big new lure these days is the "bank savings bond" or "certificate your name and address today for my FREE of deposit." Here's how it works: complete trial ofTer. Write to : E. A. CAREY, • You deposit a fixed amount of money for a fixed time period. The 1920Sunnyside Ave., Dept.246-C, Chicago 40. amount can range from $25 to many thousands. The fixed time is one to five years. • Obviously you don't need a passbook since you don't add to or subtract from the account. You can, however, cash in before maturity if you give the bank proper notice. (If you cash too quickly, though, you lose your interest.) • You can choose from several plans—a face-value bond on which you accumulate interest; a bond which pays interest at regular intervals or a discount bond. All are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. • The interest is around 4.8% (or about 5.4% when compounded), which is higher than on regular deposits or Government savings bonds. But suppose, instead of being able to save money and collect higher in-

TRIM THAT WAISTLINE—NEW! NEW! Great new heat belt! terest, you must borrow? What will the higher rates do to you? Not much Fits snugly around waist to create heat with the slightest (except on mortgages). For the ordinary fellow, money will continue to be in exertion. Ruggedly built to give with any type of movement without slipping down or up. Wear it to work or a good supply and the rates will move only slightly, if at all. workout! Send waist size. $2.75. House of Health, 310 East 1st St., Dept. 7, Dayton, Ohio 45402 Whereas a year ago the big domestic worry was where to find jobs for the Book Authors! unemployed, the big worry now is where to get new workers. Unemployment Join our successful authors In a com FREE is down to rock bottom (among skilled people, it's a mere ZV2%, which means plete and reliable publishing program a severe shortage is developing). The upshot is a lot of recruiting, luring, publicity, advertising, handsome books. Send for FREE report on your manu and "pirating"—often involving long-distance moving on the part of em- script & copy of How To Publish Your ployees. Note that some of the expenses of shifting around are deductible Book. CARLTON PRESS Dept. ALC from your federal tax: 84 Fifth Ave., New York, lOOU You may deduct the actual costs of transporting your household and personal effects; storage; plus travel costs, meals and lodging for yourself and rnj^GAME SUPPLIES your family. However, the move must be more than 20 miles; you must be

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POEMS WANTED Construction of new homes this year will be about the same as last around 1 million. Meantime, about 600,000 new apartment units will be built, To Be Set To Music up a bit over 1965. Send one or more of your best poems today for FREE EXAMINATION. Any The new houses will cost more (the average this year will be $18,000 com- Subject. Immediate Consideration. pared to $17,000 in the past season) . One reason is that buyers want bigger Phonograph Records Made is are higher. In fact, hourly pay CROWN MUSIC CO., 49 W. 32 St., Studio 946, New York 1 and better homes. Another that wage rates in the construction industry has increased 18% in the past five years, where- AMAZING as materials costs have remained very steady. Mortgage rates, too, will be up. But the supply of mortgage money will be plentiful.

PSORIASIS Here are two recent trends in the appliance field: STORY FOREIGN-BUILT RADIOS are setting new price lows. Production in Taiwan is now at a 500,000-a-year clip, with the result that some AM-FM

Pittsburgh, Pa. "Doctored for psoriasis 30 years. models are getting into the $7 class. Incidentally, much of the Taiwan output Spent much money to no avail. Then used GHP is subcontract work for Japanese firms which, along with makers in Hong Ointment and Tablets for 2 weeks. Scales disap- peared as if by magic. \n 6 weeks skin completely Kong, keep prices churning downward. cleared and clean. First time in .^0 years. Thanks MICROWAVE OVENS look like the next frill in cooking. Several makers for your marvelous products." This much abbrevi- are beginning production on versions ranging from $200 to $500. ated report tells of a user's success with a dual treatment for the outward s>'mptoms of psoriasis. —By Edgar A. Grunwald Full information and details of a 14 day trial plan from Canam Co., Dept. 400, Rockport, Mass. 48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 The Battle of the Bulge Part III THE BULGE IS ERASED (Continued from page 28) 8 times more power hinted (that's all we can do, short of a 82nd Airborne. (East of Trois Fonts, to relieve pain of book-length volume) at the struggle on the 30th, 1st, 2nd and 99th Divisions the enemy Seventh Army front in the were already holding the line to the HEMORRHOIDS! Echternach area, where outmanned units shoulder at Elsenborn.) of the 4th Division, and parts of the From Manhay west to Hotton, the 3rd Soothing Nupercainal concentrates on pa in! 28th and the 9th and 10th Armored, Armored. Prolonged relief of pain, burning and itching starts in minutes. fought a stubborn holding action (that From Hotton to just west of Marche, the 84th Infantry. was partly successful) until reinforced If you suffer from the misery of hem- by Patton's march north. We have given West of there, the 2nd Armored. orrhoids, remember this about remedies some picture of little isolated engineer- But it wasn't that simple. When the you can buy for temporary relief. The ing and supply units that were blocking 7th Armored and its assorted colleagues leading "shrinking" preparation con- tains no anesthetic to relieve pain. roads, blasting bridges (sometimes with were ordered to back away from St. Vith No wonder so many doctors recom- miraculous effect) right across the center before they could be completely over- mend Nupercainal. Soothing Nuper- whelmed on the 23rd, the exhausted cainal relieves pain, itching, burning survivors wedged in at Manhay for a fast... gives prolonged relief .. .because stand. new it has over eight times more pain-killing The 75th Division was being brought power than the other most commonly- down in back of the 2nd Armored, too. used topical anesthetic! In the days before Christmas, panzers Nupercainal quickly puts raw nerve

ends to sleep . . . thus puts pain and enemy infantry from the east, slip- to sleep. Lets you go about your business ... re- ping past Elsenborn and through the St. lieved of the pain, burning and itching Vith area, smashed against the 82nd Air- torment of hemorrhoids. Get Nuper- borne and 3rd Armored, and made a cainal Suppositories today — with free, mighty drive to burst northwest in the handy pocket-pack. Start to live again, Manhay-Hotton sector. They were in comfort! (Ointment also available.) stopped in ruthless combat that led Brit- ish Field Marshal Montgomery (who was given command of the whole north side of the Bulge) to pull the 82nd back

to a tight line before it should be wrecked. Nupercainal The 116th Panzer, with its infantry pal 560th VG, was the first German I WANT EVERY READER contingent from the Bastogne area on the this Paper to have my biq red northwest scene. It overran advance ele- Sof ^ M EARUANATOM/VID ments of the 3rd south of Hot- Armored IG OF THE EARLIES" ton, fought engineers and 3rd Armored Ig solid, scarlet fruit, disease resistant, heavy yielder. Ideal for at Hotton, around through men backed ;able or canning. Send 10c for big _iacket or 25c for 3 packets "Something I ate upset you, dear?" La Roche and came up to Marche only mm PDFF* and copy of Seed and Nursery Catalog. •^^ to into THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE run the nose of the 84th Division R. H. SHUMWAY SEEDSMAN ILLINOIS there, which checked it in more bloody, Dept. 308 ROCKFORD, 61101 of the Bulge. Now, with Bastogne's situ- savage fighting. ation up to the day after Christmas outlined, there remains one more thoroughly ALL THIS HAPPENED at a time when the MARTINS FLAGS confused chapter of the German advance American divisions along the line DISPLAYS FOR and Allied reaction. were attempting to shape up to launch an ORGANIZATIONS- TOWNS-SCHOOLS-FAIRS It all came to a head, as any reader attack of their own. The Germans were Prompt shipment. Ask for our may have guessed from the map, in the on them before they were expected, and colorful WHOLESALE Catalog No. 66A area along the northwest border of the the Germans in turn didn't expect to /MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE. IOWA Bulge, from Trois Fonts west, where all meet anyone at first. These U.S. divi- the German arrows converge. sions, all rushed to the scene in the time Military historians have succeeded in bought by the original frontline de- describing, event by event, all the strug- fenders, were forced into defensive gles, large and small, that occurred in fighting that spoiled their preparations Enjoy the things yoo want NOW with a confidential this area between December 20 and for a big attack and kept them tied down LOAN-by-MAIL — eet any amount, $100 to $1,000. Pay back in Christmas, 1944. But no one has ever in desperate engagements to block roads small monthly installments to fit your paycheck. Noco-makers. boiled them down to a simple, straight- north. Also, Credit Life Insurance is available, at nominal cost, which will pay forward story and never will—because Then, away out at the end, at Roche- the balance of your loan in case of death. Nomatter where you live, rush this coupon that isn't what they were. fort and beyond, 2nd Panzer and Panzer now. Loan Order Blank mailed FREE Casti 36 Monthly in a plain envelope. No obligation. ActI You Gct J^yi The north edge of the Bulge had Lehr came steaming up from Bastogne DIAL FINANCE CO., 410 Kilpatrick BIdg. $819;57T$33.00~ - 1009.9.36 40.00 numerous roads slanting northwest to and moved right into the assembly area Dept. 3-092 Omaha, Nebraska 68102 I the Meuse, and the edge of the Bulge of the U.S. 2nd Armored Division, which i DIAL FINANCE CO., 410 Kilpatrick BIdg. Dept. 3-092 • Omaha, Nebraska 68102 I itself represents a line of divi- was Collins' intended strong right arm Please rush FREE Loan Order Blank. American I sions hastily thrown in to block all these for the big American counterattack. The Name routes and shape up a counterattack. day before Christmas there was unit by Address-

For the record, these divisions were: unit combat and mad scrambling to re- I City, State Zip Code. Amount you want to borrow From Trois Fonts west to Manhay, the (Continued on page 50) I f

THE AMER iCAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 49 —

The Battle of the Bulge Part THE BULGE IS ERASED (Continued from page 49)

MONEY organize west of Rocheforte, aided by it collapsed in one climactic day of two British armored outfits that came slaughter. Now, even Hitler knew better across the Meuse to block 2nd Panzer's than to push any of the remaining divi- BY nose-thrust toward Dinant on the river. sions forward for a the MAIL dose of same. To add to this show of German The Battle of the Bulge should have FAST, CONFIDENTIAL SERVICE UNDER strength hammering all along the north- ended at this point. For that matter, with GOVERNMENT REGULATION CASH 36 YOU MONTHLT If you're between 25 and 65, steadily employed, you RECEIVE PAVMENT5* west Bulge line, several fresh enemy di- her last resource for major military can borrow up to (800 on your signature alone. We $400 S17 81 visions and brigades from the east were counterattack having failed, notify no one. We are Government regulated, operat- SSOO 22.21 Germany $600 26.14 ing under the Missouri State Division ol Finance, De- should have j;oo 29 BS rapidly closing behind 2nd Panzer and surrendered. In historical partment of Business Administration. Fill in the coupon S800 33 50 below; we'tt send application papers by return mail. Panzer Lehr. Yet Collins saw, and was perspective, the 76,000 American casual- *The above payments include Creditor Life Insurance n^^^^^^H eager to take advantage of, the fact that ties and the hundreds of thousands of [ MURDOCK ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION dept. 363 the German position was actually be- servicemen who fought in the Bulge bat- P.O.BOX 659 / POPUR BLUFF, MISSOURI j coming more foolish every minute, in tle won the true climax battle of the war

I Name spite of the formidable forces on the in Europe, though they fought it on the Address I scene and coming up. defensive. The war continued until May City State. I only RENDERING FHITHFUL SERVICE FOR A QUARTER CENTURY With the failure of the enemy to break because of Hitler's mad decision north through Marche, Hotton and that Germany should fight to the last man, and his Ardennes Offensive, now OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN Manhay (thanks to the terrible sacrifices lost, went right on too. BIG MONEYSHOE BUSINESS! of the 84th, 3rd Armored, 7th Armored Run your own profitable 'shoe store' and 82nd Airborne Divisions) 2nd business /n>/nAa/n« In spare or full Panzer and Panzer Lehr were now trying December 26. Hitler, without giv- time. We give you—fflff— com- ON plete Starting Outfit that makes to run an old-time German Blitzkrieg ing up any of the Bulge area, bor- EXTRA month you *21J.OO tteh rowed forces from every point, sent new for just 2 easy orders a day. You spearhead to the Meuse with their flanks feature 275 fast-selling dress, reserves in from Germany and turned sport, work shoe styles for men naked. many special features! them south in a savage determination to and women. Air-cushion shoes, other Even when you are in good shape, you AAAA to EEEE. Draw on 300,000 Sizes ZViXo 16—widths take Bastogne. The decision to take Bas- pairstock. Your own shoes FREE. Discounts to your fam- do not push a spearhead when fresh, you. ily. Prizes, bonuses—even a new car—at no cost to togne when it was no longer of any use

. . forces lie along your Rush postcard for your FREE Starting Outfit today . Now! powerful opposing smacks of a frustrated child kicking the MASON SHOE, Dept G-63. CHIPPEWA FAILS. WIS. flanks. Yet that is what the panzers' push cat. A huge battle shaped up. Patton's to the Meuse was doing under the lash Third Army vanguard, which had just en- of Hitler's military idiocy. And they were ZIP, ZIP, Hurray! tered Bastogne on the 26th, pressed to not in good shape. Zip Code ALL your mail widen the corridor into the city while Hit- When new Postal Regulations go into ler hurled new divisions in to choke them effect, mail wiil be delayed if , your GERMAN SUPPLY lines were pretty bad it doesn't show your Zip Code. Start off. The fighting grew more furious than now to give your Zip Code as part and getting worse fast. The road net it had been in the early days of the siege, of your address on ALL your mail. at Bastogne was denied them. Since the but Bastogne held again. And while the HELP YOUR POSTOFFICE HELP YOU weather had cleared on the 23rd, fighter Third Army men and the 101 st Airborne bombers had whacked every forward DRAINS cellars, cisterns, wash tubs; paratroopers gradually increased and of German supply. La Roche IRRIGATES - CIRCULATES - SPRAYS movement widened their hold, six Allied corps else- Type P Pump has 1,001 uses. Stainless had been air blasted. The advancing shaft. Won't rust or clog! Use 1/6 HP where on the rim of the Bulge finally S^^f™*! motor or larger ... 34 HP for up to 2,400 German divisions were taking artillery vW> i _OPH; 4.50 GPH 80' higrh; or 1,800 GPH * . flteMfrom 25' well. 1" inlet; 34" outlet. organized a coordinated counterattack to 1 VSf^ Coupling included free $8.95 fire from the Allied wall on their north 4 Heavy il Duty Bail-Bearing Pump. Up to erase the whole Bulge. They moved in on III .5.200 r.PH: 11/4" inlet; 1" outlet, $12.95 Postpaid if cash with order. Money Back all the way back to Elsenborn. In Ger- Guarantee. Also other sizes, types. all sides at once, starting on January 3. many itself, transport to the front was LABAWCO PUMPS, Belle Mead 56, N.I. The erasing of the Bulge, though in- being pounded from the air. German exorable, was as brutal as any of the supply coming through the Eifel strug- earlier going. The weather went to zero, gled with snowdrifts as well as air attack. the snow piled up and the desperate Are you miserable with pain and aches of leg I When Christmas dawned, 2nd Panzer ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous J Germans exacted a price for every foot congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- I and Panzer Lehr were woefully short of I juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that of the way. On January 16, Third Army works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back gas for their armor. 2nd Panzer was the I men from the south and First Army men I guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. most exposed, and Collins, though told L. E. VISCOSE COMPANY from the north and west met at Houf- to "roll with the punch," calmly decided 1 100 W. Chicago Ave.. Chicago 10. III. falize. On January 23, the 7th Armored to lead with his right. The U.S. 2nd Division had the privilege of retaking St. Armored Division ran, fanned out, Vith, the scene of its bitter holding action RUPTURE AGONY straight through Panzer from north 2nd of December 17-23. Early in February, to south, shooting up its vehicles right Removed f the frontline was about as it had been left, Rochefort west. The Brit- and from on December 15. The Battle of the Bulge a WHEN you slip into ish units tore into the nose of 2nd Panzer. low-cost, contour-designed was over. the end Brooks Patented Air Cush- The biggest array of fighter bombers in ion Appliance! Your *re- the Bulge to date plastered 2nd Panzer CHANGE OF ADDRESS ducible rupture will be held out of a clear, blue sky. Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box in securely yet gently—or When Christmas ended, the 2nd 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206, using the trial costs you nothing! This invention Post Office 3578. Attach old has made millions of sufferers happy. You Panzer Division was destroyed, and all Form can enjoy heavenly comfort night and day at German forward movement in the Bulge address label and give old and new work and play— or the Appliance costs you addresses with zip code and current was ended for good. In ten days it had NOTHING. Isn't this worth a no-risk trial by membership card number. Also be driven 60 miles deep to a point in sight you? If interested, write for free facts now. sure to notify your Post Adjutant. BROOKS CO., 302-C STATE ST., MARSHALL, MICH. of the Meuse River at Dinant, and then

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 My Zoysia Grass Succeeds Where Other Grass Fails

It's Easy To Care For A Beautiful Lawn That Stays Green And Choices Out Weeds All Summer Long— Year After Year After Year!

By Mike Senkiw, Agronomist, Zoysia Farm Nurseries

Every CUTS MOWING 2/3 Plug Is Zoysia As a turf specialist, I test and observe My Grass will save you time and GUARANTEED TO GROW grasses every day. Every Trarisplanf money in many ways. It won't winter-kill Plug is grown under my supervision. — has survived temps 30° below zero. IN YOUR SOIL • IN YOUR AREA In my experience, there is no more beautiful grass in the wor/d than Goes off its green color after killing frosts, • WON'T WINTER KILL - has survived tem- AMAZOY. (Reg. T.M.) regains new beauty every spring — a true perature 30° below zero! perennial. It ends the need for crabgrass • WON'T HEAT KILL - when other grasses killers. Fertilizing and water (water costs burn out. Amazoy turns its loveliest! Some people think it's hard work to im- money too) are rarely if ever needed. EVERY PLUG MUST GROW WITHIN 45 DAYS OR prove and beautify a lawn. Not so with Cuts pushing a mower under a blazing WE REPLACE IT FREE— ENTIRELY AT OUR RISK Zoysia Grass. Home owners coast to summer sun by %. AND EXPENSE. Since we're hardly in business coast have found my grass makes it easy. for the fun of it, you know we have to be sure There's no heavy digging, no seedbed to ZOYSIA 1 of our product. prepare, no worry about wash-out. GRASSES PROVEN NO. IN DURABILITY BY Unlimited Transplants When your Amazoy lawn is No Need To Rip Out LARGEST U. S. UNIVERSITY established, you can take up plugs for planting other America's largest university tested 13 areas as desired. Each plug spreads to leading grasses for resistance to foot Your Present Grass cover many times its own area, while the traffic, wheel damage, etc. Special paddle transplant area grows over again. Trans- You can plug my grass into part of your wheels smashed the grass, spiked rollers plant all season long if you like. It's an present lawn, or start a completely new ripped and tore its blades. endless supply! lawn as you desire. You can plug it into Result: The grasses most praised by turf Start A "Weed-Proof" Lawn poor soils where other grasses have failed experts, the Zoysia Grasses (Matrella and Or Correct Problem Areas Now you, like "builder's soil," clay or sandy meyeri species) led all others resist- in Considering soils — even salty beach areas. ance. the work and investment in your lawn, you'll agree these's no sub- Perfect For Slopes stitute for quality and experience. Also NO SOD, NO SEED that no lawn can be any better than its grass itself. can plug it into slopes, let You it stop Planting grass as live plugs is the modern So start a perennial lawn that grows erosion. You can plug it into hard-to- method — recommended by turf experts. cover more beautiful each year. spots, play-worn areas, and I guar- It's like planting a shrub; you can see Start a lawn that will never burn out antee it will grow! How can you lose — what you are getting. Never sold as a in drought and heat . . . that never needs think what you stand to gain! slab of field grown sod you must cut up reseeding ... a lawn that is weed-proof in order to plant. WON'T WINTER KILL all summer long — including hated crab- There is no seed that produces the famous, grass! An Amazoy lawn grows so thick and winter-hardy Meyer Z-52 Zoysia Grass as Based on our experience, and our guar- rich, it resists perfected by footwear, cookouts, lawn the U. S. Dept. of Agricul- antee your beautiful grass must live and furniture and children's daily ture. (In fact, true play. In fact, Meyer Zoysia seed grow ... the only thing you will lose is if you're like us you'll enjoy inviting vis- does not exist.) lawn care and needless expense. itors to walk it, on for walking on a Meyer That's why every Amazoy plug is 3 sq. Whether you order a hundred plugs or Zoysia lawn is an unforgettable experi- inches and soil rich . . . producing perma- thousands of plugs, they will be taken ence. Underfoot it's like a thick, pile nent, perennial, winter-hardy turf with a from the ground to your order and carpet — so resistant to lawn enemies it root system- reaching down 2 to 3 feet shipped to you that same day. Clip the never needs replacement. deep! coupon below and order now.

Meyer Z-52 Zoysia Grass Was Perfected By The U. S. Govt., Approved By The U. S. Golf Association

Work Less • Worry Less • Spend Less USE THIS COUPON TO ORDER NOW • Perfect for Problem Areas • Reduces Mowing 2/3 I To: Mr. Mike Senkiw, Zoysia Farm Nurseries, Dept. 226 • Chokes Out Crabgrass • Resists Blight, Insect, j6414 Reisterstown Rd., Boltimore, Md. 21215 • 618 Little BIdg., Boston, Mass. 02116 • N. Ave., Chicago, Illinois Won't Winter Kill Diseases I 333 Michigon 60601

• Stays Green Through • Perfected By U. S. Dept. I Dear Mr. Senkiw: Please send me the quantity of guaranteed Amazoy as checked below. Droughts Agriculture I • Laughs At Water Bans I Full Size $^95 100 $e95 100 Plugs $095 Plugger Plugs *D & Plugger *0 No Need To Rip Out Your Present Grass 200 $1120 0 200 Plugs 300 Plugs $1075 $1* 775 Plug In Amazoy Plugs *l 1 & Plugger *I0 & Plugger 1 / Just set Amazoy plugs into holes 600 Plugs n 1100 PlueS tOnQR ''° enciose handling chge. STEP-ON $0795 o nl..™, * ^H^** »" >»00 plug orders. Shipped & Plugger 1 & Plugger UU only FOB Md. Nursery Farm. in ground like a cork in a bottle. PLUGGER (Plant 1 foot apart, FREE (Patented) 1 1 Enclose $ Check.. checkerboard With Larger Orders HOW ORDERS ARE SHIPPED style.) Easy planting instructions I Money Order. Saves bending, time, work. Won- If you live East of Rocky Mts., add with each order. derful for planting, invaluable for NAME 75c - 100 plugs. If you live West transplanting and other garden I of ko,.Kies, add $2.25 per 100 plugs uses. Gives faster growth for plant- ADDRESS.. and we pay all shipping. If you Dept. 226 Zoysia Farms I ing in existing prefer to omit handling charge, en- lawns, as it clears CITY close payment for grass only 6414 Reisterstown Road away competing grasses at time of AND and planting. Order separately at I you will then pay transportation $4.95 I STATE: Balto., Md. 21215 or FREE with larger charge on delivery. orders. I

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 51 Ifthe people you ^ ^ ^ ^ work with don't notice the aroma of your Field & Stream Pipe Tobacco,

^ ^ ^ ^ John Adams. Hubert H. Humphrey. you must be working TWO ASPECTS OF in the North Woods. AMERICA'S PAST AMERICAN ROULETTE, The History the President and the image of the party and Dilemma of the Vice Presidency, by that helped elect both men. Nevcnhcless, in New open-air cut Donald Young, holj, rinehart and wins- Mr. ^ oung's view, the Vice Presidency is still ton, NEW YORK, N.Y., $6.95. very much what the President and the Vice Being elected Vice President of the United President make it.

States is a matter of chance and luck, both Henry Wallace came to the office as a for the man wlio is victorious and for the working Vice President and those who have people he must serve, in the view of author held the office since the 40's have coniinucd Donald Voung. Hence the title of his history to play a more prominent role than did of our nation's second highest political oflice. earlier Vice Presidents. When President Starting with the comment of our first Johnson was elected Vice President under Vice President, John Adams (who wrote in John F. Kennedy he staled, "I am going to

1789, "Is not iny election to this office . . . try to be the kind of Vice President that I

a curse rather than a blessing?") , Mr. Young would want if 1 were President." tells the story of each Vice Presidential cam- The men the Vice Presidential campaigns paign up to the most recent one. which propelled to fame, or oblivion: the political elected Hubert H. Humphrey. platforms they endorsed and carried out A product o( Philip Morris Inc. Adams' view lias largely been replaced in with more or less success; their eclipse or recent years by one that sees the Vice Presi- triumph in the arena of public life are all dency as an ollice providing an opportunity here in this look back at U.S. historv. for hard work, which will assist the nation.

THE INVISIBLE SCAR, by Caroline Bird. DAViu mckay, inc., n.y., n.y., $5.95. Writing from the vantage of one who was in college in the 30's, the author of this book about the Depression years has com- piled reams of historical data, statistics, incidents both pathetic and funny, and recol- lections of others who were in school or starting out working at that time. The re-

sult is a fascinating, thought provoking and,

if your political convictions differ from the writer's, controversial book. Unemployed in Cleveland, Oct. 9, 1930. The book espouses such theories as: (1) the great Depression won't happen again: areas, migrant workers and the mentally re-

(2) the New Deal failed only because it tarded. Among her more amusing observa-

didn't accomplish enough, and (3) the De- tions on the fads and foibles of the Depres- pression's great contribution to U.S. society sion years. Miss Bird sees the length of

that for the first time it made us really skirts as an index to prosperity Your gift speaks for was women's our aware of poverty, not as an evil due to indi- —in good times skirts are short, e.g. the America when you feed vidual sloth, but as one caused by circum- 60's, in bad times hems drop along with hungry people with stances o\er which tlie poor themselves had our spirits. $1 no control. A careful reading of Caroline Bird's book Food Crusade packages One of the benefits of the Depression as may help explain to all who are economic- sees it that it led us to ally politically conservative just what through CARE, York Miss Bird was or New seek a means for poverty's cure in regard to vision (or is it a hainiting spectre?) is influ- 10016. our nation's most underprivileged: the un- encing the "spend and spend" theorists pres- living in depressed ently guiding U.S. economic policies. gsh v:educated, unskilled, those 52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 —

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54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 ! ^ ——

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THE AMERIICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . MARCH 1966 55 PATRIOTS Hers was a life of trifles. PARTING SHOTS His was a life of rifles; She trifled with rifles of fusileers, He rifled the trifles of lovey-dears: And when he had done with the trifles. And she had disposed of the rifles, They rifled and trifled and married, these two. This flirt of fine calibre, this soldier true, Till, rifling and trifling, they speedily made A young little rifle and trifle brigade. Nathan House THE TORTOISE AND THE HARE In these days of jet travel the only long trips left are from downtown to the airports. Will Conway THE BACHELOR A bachelor's smart. He isn't a dunce: He never makes The same mistake once. Richard Armour

COST OF GIVING This past Christmas it cost more to amuse

"Try just a drop of cherry coke behind each ear." an average child than it once did to educate his father. Joseph Salak RETURN MATCH I've proved I can "take it" And smile, but I'll make it PERVERSE PLAYMATES Quite clear, with no shadow of doubt, A five-year-old boy had just been vaccinated and the nurse prepared Though "taking it" shows a bandage to place over the spot on his arm. I've got guts, I suppose. "Nurse," said the youngster, "will you put it on my other arm, please?" Gosh HOW I'd love dishing it out! Dirck Poore "But I must put it over the spot on your arm that is going to be sore,"

explained the nurse. "You see, I'm trying to protect it so your playmates SAD CASE won't hit it." Could suitcases a wife packs in going home "That's why I want it on the other arm," declared the lad. "You don't to mother be called grips of wrath? know my playmates!" Raymond J. Cvikota F. G. Kernan

COOL CUSTOMER A man opened the door of his refrigerator one day and saw a rabbit reclining on the top shelf. Surprised, he nevertheless asked, "And just what do you think you're doing in my refrigerator, Eabbit?" The rabbit said, "What does it say on the door, fwiend?" The man looked and answered, "Why, nothing but 'Westinghouse'." "Well," replied the rabbit, settling himself more comfortably, "I'se westing." Nick Kozmeniuk

DELAYED ANNOUNCEMENT The kindergarten teacher had just spent twenty minutes getting one little character into her sweater, snowsuit and galoshes so she'd be ready

for the bus when it came to whisk her homeward in the sub-zero weather. As teacher fastened the final complicated buckle, the child plaintively observed: "This isn't my snowsuit." Patiently the teacher unfastened the hooks and clasps and as the little

girl stepped out of it, asked: "Now, where is yours?" U "It's being 0^ home washed," answered the child. "I'm wearing my brother's today!" "Mrs. Spalding is here for her 1,000 meal Ivan John Clark check-up!"

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1966 SEAGRAM DISTILLERS COMPANY. N.Y.C., BLENDED WHISKEY. 86 PROOF. 65% GRAIN NEUTRAL SPIRITS. COPYRIGHT© 19S6, THE COCA-COLA COMPANY. ' 'COCA-COLA" AND "COKC* ARE REGISTERED TRADE-MARKS WHICH ID ENTIFY ON LY THE PRODUCT OF THE COCA-COLA COMPANY.

The fifth bottle will taste as good as the first. How come? Simple. Because Coca-Cola has the refreshing taste you never get tired of. Which is why things f^^^ go better with Coke after Coke after Coke.