SAFETY

Our Fundamental Concept of Safety

Since the establishment of JR East, safety has been our top Overview of “Group Safety Plan 2023” management priority, and we have worked relentlessly to heighten our levels of safety. Our earnest efforts to learn from unfortunate accidents An age of great change and move up Protecting in the past have enabled JR East to further the prevention of future lives “Ultimate Safety Levels” Environmental changes Environmental changes accidents with our continued developments in both tangible and intan- outside of JR East within JR East gible aspects. To further reduce potential risk, JR East is committed to Decreasing birthrate and Rapid progress of “Conditions” that should be aging population generational changes Safety steadily improve tangible countermeasures and also to ensure that pursued continually Technological innovations Rapid advancement each one of its employees takes all possible intangible measures. including AI, loT, etc. of technology Zero accidents involving passenger Pursuit of safety measures can never end. We will continue to work Greater expectations Deepening of horizontal GOAL injuries or fatalities and zero accidents from society specialization tirelessly to improve safety by pursuing a goal of “zero accidents etc. etc. involving employee fatalities* involving passenger injuries or fatalities and zero accidents involving *Includes all people involved with railway-related work, Proper response to large including JR East, Group companies, and partner companies employee fatalities (including all people involved with railway-related environmental changes work, including JR East, Group companies, and partner companies).” Numerical targets are compared to FY2019 Priority commitment goals Things that must not Things that 5-year targets be changed should be changed

General principles of safety Safety initiatives “Evolution” “Move Up” According to new Railway accidents: 20% reduction promoted on an initiatives based on JR East has prescribed General Principles of Safety for the code of ongoing basis must technological innovations Totally eradicating accidents • Zero railway accidents attributable to conduct for its safety-related employees. respond to environmental caused by JR East JR East Group changes • 30% reduction of railway accidents with Realization of safer station Safty is the most important mission in transportation. casualty at platforms I. platforms and level crossings Group companies, partner companies, and affiliated companies join together • Steady reduction of level crossing accidents

Ensuring safety is based on exact observance of rules and Reducing risk of disasters and • Steady reduction of risks associated with terrorist incidents natural disasters Related goals II. procedures, and is achieved through constant practice. Aiming for “Ultimate Safety Levels”

Starting with the“ Safety Actions” of Each Person Zero serious incidents III. Enforcement of confirmation and complete contact is most important for ensuring safety. Basic concepts * Train accidents (train collisions, derailments, train fire), Accidents at rail crossings, Fatalities or injuries, and Physical damage to property Bring out the strengths of each employee I V. For ensuring safety, we should cooperate together and go Actively promote and deploy technological innovations beyond our official responsibility. • Safety measures which predict future conditions 3 Pillars of “Group Safety Plan 2023” • Enhancement of safety measures related to When we have questions or must choose among several options, • Promotion of railway system changes Evolution and moving up of each person’s “safety actions” V. we should remain calm, think by ourselves, and take the safest course Place greater focus on safety measures and accident prevention 1 after thorough consideration. measures for platforms, level crossings, disasters

2 Evolution and moving up of “safety management”

Training personnel to respond Detecting new risks and moving up Group Safety Plan 2023 to environmental change rules and systems CONTENTS Since our establishment, JR East has been implementing a series of Further evolution of our safety culture Our fundamental concept of safety...... 32 5-year safety plans. In November 2018, we formulated Group Safety Plan 2023, which is the 7th plan. Together with JR East Group JR East’s safety management organization..... 35 Maintenance of safety equipment by actively utilizing new technologies companies, partner companies, and affiliated companies, JR East as 3 Efforts to further improve safety levels...... 37 a whole group will aim for “Ultimate Safety Levels” starting with the “Safety Actions” of each person. https://www.jreast.co.jp/e/data/pdf/group_safety_plan.pdf Current safety record of JR East...... 46 JR East “Group Safety Plan 2023” consists of two building blocks: “Evolution” and “Move Up”, which are based on 3 Pillars: 1 Evolution and moving up of each person’s “safety actions”, protecting lives, while stability means ensuring on-time operations of Further evolution of our safety culture 2 Evolution and moving up of “safety management”, and our trains. However, though stable transport is important for us, 3 Maintenance of safety equipment by actively utilizing new The safety culture which JR East Group has continually placed safety comes first. Trying too hard to keep to schedule sometimes technologies. In consideration of rapid environmental changes both great value on, including the“5 Cultures,” “CS (Challenge Safety) results in not properly following safety confirmation procedures, within and outside the Group, we will take specific measures to Activity,” and “Three Actualities Principle,” is the foundation of which leads to risking the safety of train operations. properly respond to these environmental changes. various safety initiatives. To secure the safety of our railway operations, the whole JR East Group will always follow our firm code of conduct to “Stop the train if Stop the train if we feel something is dangerous we feel something is dangerous.” Safe and stable transport is important for our railways. Safety means

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Our Fundamental Concept of Safety JR East’s Safety Management Organization

Further ingraining the 5 Cultures The “Three Actualities Principle” Accidents and incidents always occur at the Genba*. This means that Safety management regulations Structures to Promote Safety Measures A culture of proper reporting the sources of accident prevention can also be found at the Genba. In response to a revision of the Railway Business Act, JR East In 1987, we established the Railway Safety Promotion Committee, The prompt and proper reporting of accidents and incidents, JR East Group continues to search for answers which cannot be formulated its safety management regulations in Oct. 2006. These chaired by the director general of The Railway Operations and the prevention of the recurrence of accidents. found on paper, based on the “Three Actualities Principle” as its stipulate various safety management-related matters such as the Headquarters, at the Head Office. This committee aims to enhance standard for action: actual locations, actual objects, and actual people. responsibilities of top management executives in ensuring the safety rail safety and prevent accidents by elucidating the causes of major A culture of noticing * Genba: “Genba” means actual locations, objects, and people directly related to the safety of operations and on organizational matters and the selection of chief accidents, formulating measures to prevent recurrence, and deter- of our operations including points of contact with our customers and fields or workplaces of safety management officers, operation managers, and train crew mining and promoting measures for safety-related equipment and The recognition and sharing of information regarding the potential transport or services. sources of accidents in order to prevent accidents and incidents. training managers. To ensure transportation safety, we have built a rolling stock. Actual locations: Actual objects: Actual people: system to promote operations centered on safety management We also have Regional Safety Promotion Committees, which are Viewing actual objects Meeting face to face Visiting actual locations officers and involving executives involved with safety. chaired by the heads of the Shinkansen General Management (rolling stock, equipment, with people involved A culture of direct confrontation and debate to understand actual In April 2019, we established the Shinkansen General Management Department, branch offices, and construction offices. These commit- machinery, tools, etc.) in to understand actual conditions The open and honest discussion and exchange of opinion in order to understand actual situations Department to integrate and specialize in managing Shinkansen- tees enhance railway safety at branch offices and seek to prevent investigating the causes of accidents and incidents in order to identify conditions related operations. accidents. They also liaise with the Rail Safety Promotion Committee the causes of accidents and to take truly effective countermeasures to conduct specific measures. Initiatives to emphasize from here on against their recurrence. Further Visit field sites regularly and make exhaustive evolution of efforts to discover risks the “Three A culture of learning Management structure for transport safety Actualities The continuous awareness of others, learning from accidents and Rather than simply going to field sites, also Principle” President incidents which occur in all places of work, not just in one’s own take the initiative to connect them to actions workplace, and the implementation of appropriate countermeasures. Initiatives which have been ingrained up to now * The chief safety management officer comprehensively and organically Visit field sites promotes works related to secure the safety of transport. 1 Railway Operations • Propose measures to prevent accidents and undesirable events Headquarters A culture of action • Instill the tragedy and danger of accidents into us

Safety can be ensured only by taking safe actions. Headquarters Think and act by yourself. This is at the core of our safety. Facilitate understanding of the “essence of work” Investment Planning Dept. Management Department Network System Dept. Transport Safety Dept. Energy Strategy Dept. 2 Transport & Rolling Construction Offices Construction Management Center Shinkansen General Shinkansen General Head of the Energy Head of the Energy To properly respond to large environmental changes, rather than Dept. Construction Electrical & Signal Electrical & Signal Strategies Dept. Marketing Dept. Work & Welfare Branch Offices Facilities Dept. Finance Dept. merely learning the procedures and methods of work, we must be Stock Dept. Challenge Safety Activity (CS Activity) conscious of the “7 Guidelines” which include the purposes of work, Branch Offices We encourage all employees to be autonomous (take the initiative) in

the origins of rules, and the operating principles of equipment, to

taking charge of safety, and we promote initiatives to share in safety- deepen our understanding of the “essence of work.” related deliberation in the workplace. Through our CS Activity, we aim to change our emphasis

7 Guidelines for Understanding the “Essence of Work” 2 Shinkansen Transport & General Affairs Div. Shinkansen Electrical & Signal Network System Shinkansen Planning Shinkansen Facilities 3 Drivers & Conductors Shinkansen General Marketing Div. Transport Div. from “reactive safety” to “proactive safety”, such that each employee Rolling Stock Dept. Facilities Div. Strategies Office Control Operation Center Key points and Control Center thinks about safety and acts autonomously. We cultivate a culture of Intentions, history, Safety Planning Office Safety Planning Office Objectives and important ideas Ingenuity and Safety Planning Group Dept. Dept.

origins, and Depots goals of work, for work, which know-how ongoing efforts to enhance safety, where individual employees are background such as “Why is must not be being applied behind the estab- aware of safety, and where field sites, branch offices and the head this work done?” neglected under any implicitly lishment of rules circumstances office, are united in the process of discussing safety and formulating

safety measures. Mechanisms, Overview Managing organization structures, and Images of risks To share information useful to this activity, we publish a monthly (relationships) operating principles such as “worst- of work and safety newsletter, “Challenge Safety Aoshingo,” and distribute it to all of equipment and case scenarios” Shinkansen Rolling Stock 3 Drivers & Conductors

business operations 3 Shinkansen Drivers & Facilities Maintenance Facilities Maintenance Rolling Stock Depots Shinkansen Facilities Construction Depots Construction devices used Maintenance Depots employees. Conductors Depots Stations Depots Depots Depots Depots In-field offices

Failure Success Initiatives to focus on accidents or events Initiatives to which have occurred, and to eliminate their focus also on successful points, causes by thoroughly implementing uncover the reasons for their success, and structural measures or rules based on the share their related ingenuity and know-how 1 Chief safety management officer 2 Operations manager 3 Train crew training manager Selected from the Director General of Railway Operations Headquarters Selected from the General Manager of Transport & Rolling Stock Dept., General Selected from the Manager of Drivers & Conductors Depots. lessons learned from them. with others. or its equivalent. Managers of Shinkansen Transport & Rolling Stock Dept. or their equivalent.

Complementary effects of both sides

Promote initiatives to not only learn from failures, but also focus on successful points

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JR East’s Safety Management Organization Efforts to Further Improve Safety Levels

By the end of FY2020, we had installed crew member simulators Rules for reporting accidents and incidents Investment in safety facilities Fostering safety-oriented personnel in all transport-related workplaces. We also opened the Shinkansen We endeavor to accurately understand accidents and incidents, JR East has invested more than 4.5 trillion yen in safety since its Safety education and training Education and Training Center, which is related to the equipment of analyze their causes, and implement measures to prevent them from establishment. In its Group Safety Plan 2023, JR East plans to invest To heighten safety awareness among employees by placing priority the Shinkansen, to learn knowledge about the specific rules and occurring and recurring. To this end, we work to further enhance approximately 1.2 trillion yen in safety measures during the five years on safety education and training, JR East is offering educational and mechanisms of the Shinkansen. safety through accident reporting and by establishing rules pertain- from FY2020 to FY2024. We will continue to focus on putting safety training opportunities to its employees at the JR East General Education In addition, at each branch office we have educational facilities for ing to classes of accidents. facilities in place. At the same time, we will more actively embrace Center (Shirakawa City, Fukushima Prefecture) and General Training learning about major incidents and accidents that occurred within new technologies and respond to new risks. Centers (branch offices), and on-the-job training in each workplace. that branch office’s jurisdiction, looking at preceding events and Railway accidents • Train accidents: Collisions, derailments, and fires The JR East General Education Center offers group training for countermeasures. We are promoting better safety awareness among • Level crossing accidents personnel development and improvement of knowledge and skills, all employees of JR East, Group companies, and partner companies • Railway accidents with casualty to achieve “ultimate safety levels”. • Railway accidents with material damages fostering the development of new train crews and also providing the necessary training for job transfers. Incidents requiring attention Thorough analysis • Events with possible risks of fatalities and countermeasures or injuries to customers / employees

Preventing Incidents requiring a report reoccurrences by • Events resulting from a failure utilizing 4M4E analysis Crew member simulator bringing the training Safety Tradition Museum in handling and other tools experience to life by using actual video at the Mito Branch Office JR East General Education Center

Nearmisses Active uncovering Development of personnel responsible for safety • Event that could lead to a of My Hiyatto We are responding to the rapid transition to the next generation of event failure in handling employees by moving forward on a variety of initiatives that empha- sizes cultivating employees that put safety at the core.

Practice safety initiatives and Practically carry out “familiarization”, development of personnel “instruction”, and “development of Trends in safety investment responsible for safety at locations successors” at field sites Practical drills on training tracks such as field sites Enhance training based on actual situations, in response (Billions of yen) Key Safety Jr. Safety Experts Leaders to environmental changes at 700 Accident History Exhibition Hall (Safety Expert candidates) field sites Expansion of Coordinate Coordinate General Training Centers and 618.0 In November 2002, we established the Accident History Exhibition people to become closely closely Skill Training Centers 600 Hall within the JR East General Education Center. This facility provides the core 371.9 Safety Experts opportunities for all employees to learn about and reflect on the (Safety Professional candidates) Safety 500 Professionals tragedies of past accidents and the major social responsibility railways Lead safety initiatives and bear. In October 2018, we expanded the Accident History Exhibition development of personnel Central role in safety initiatives 400 and development of personnel Hall and placed on exhibit the rolling stock involved in a 2014 accident responsible for safety at branch office supervising departments responsible for safety involving a derailed Keihin-Tohoku Line train at Kawasaki Station, as and field sites 300 well as a road-rail vehicle. We also opened the Interactive Learning 246.1 Hall to encourage consideration from various perspectives of the Safety storytellers (Narrators of Oral History) 200 train derailment accidents. To educate employees who can share and pass on safety-related knowl- edge, leadership, and technological capabilities within the Company, we 100 82.9 have appointed highly experi- 55.3 enced and technologically capa- 0 27.6 ’88 ’89 ’90 ’91 ’92 ’93 ’94 ’95 ’96 ’97 ’98 ’99 ’00 ’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 (FY) ble personnel in various specialized fields as safety story- Safety investment Other investment Accident Preservation Center Interactive Learning Hall tellers (Narrators of Oral History). Safety storyteller swearing-in ceremony Accident History Exhibition Hall

The Railway Safety Symposium Promoting the use of educational and training facilities As one aspect of its efforts toward training personnel to respond to To further enhance rail safety, environmental change, JR East is promoting the establishment of each year we hold the Railway educational and training facilities that facilitate an understanding of Safety Symposium. We strive to the “essence of work.” gain knowledge through discussion among domestic experts and share Railway Safety Symposium good initiatives at workplaces. 36 JR East Group | INTEGRATED REPORT 2020 JR East Group | INTEGRATED REPORT 2020 37 SAFETY

Efforts to Further Improve Safety Levels

Initiatives at JR Railway Service Co., Ltd. Dual safety measures Train approach alarm system JES-Net (JR East Safety Network) This company uses the Seiunkan, a training center completed in Procedures are in place to close train lines during rail construction, Workers are provided with warning devices to communicate the As the division of work increasingly progresses among Group and September 2019, to impart knowledge and enhance skills related to maintenance, and inspection (to prevent cars from entering). In “train approaching” signal. On segments where track circuits are in partner companies, the JR East Safety Network (JES-Net) was cleaning, train driving, and railcar maintenance. addition, train shunts are used to isolate the area of track being place, specialized wireless warning devices provide notice that trains established to further improve safety levels, given the essential worked on, and traffic signals are set to “stop.” We install this double are approaching track circuits. On segments where track circuits are nature of sharing common safety values and cooperation. safety measure as a further precaution to prevent trains from enter- undeveloped, we have installed GPS warning devices to communi- Membership includes 36 companies. JR East Group continues to ing the work location in case these other procedures fail. cate train and worker positions. promote measures for improve- GPS train approach alarm system ment and share issues to enhance safety levels across Operation Dedicated JES-Net through safety reviews Control Rail clamp server where frontline staff exchange Training session on wheel axle Drivers Training Simulator System shunt System GPS satellite measurement various opinions on site. GPS satellite Safety review underway

Mobile phone lines Shin-Aomori Dual safety measures Measures to prevent train collisions GPS on-board system

Measures to prevent train collisions Wireless system to help prevent collisions Device for Hirosaki maintenance workers Higashi- Aomori ATS and ATC Noshiro Following a February 2014 accident involving a derailed Keihin- To prevent collisions between trains, JR East has installed ATS Tohoku Line train near Kawasaki Station, we installed a wireless Oiwake Ōdate (Automatic Train Stop) and ATC (Automatic Train Control) systems for Hachinohe system to help prevent collisions. This system supplements the its conventional lines and ATC for Shinkansen lines on all of its rail- emergency brake in emergency situations. A dedicated wireless Shinkansen safety measures way lines. terminal is used to notify trains operating in the vicinity when a state Ōmagari In April 2019, we established the Shinkansen General Management Sakata of emergency occurs so that conductors can stop their trains. This Uchino Hanamaki Sakamachi Amarume system is being used on all conventional lines. Department as a new department for the centralized and dedicated Echigo-awaguchi Yoshida Niigata itakami Shinjō control of Shinkansen-related measures. Through this department, ashiwazaki Wireless system to help prevent collisions Naoetsu we aim to strengthen our response to and management of unknown Shibata Ichinoseki Legend Niitsu Yamagata Jōetsumyōkō Miyauchi Furukawa risks, training of Shinkansen specialists, maintenance and enhance- Lines with digital ATC Nagano Ayashi ment of unique technologies, and rapid decision-making. ita-Matsumoto Shiroishi 2 Train drivers activate brakes upon Lines with ATC, ATS-P oide ogota receiving emergency report As Shinkansen-related safety measures, we are steadily performing Lines with ATACS Ōmae Minakami Echigo-Yuzawa Matsumoto Aizu-Wakamatsu Ishinomaki construction to replace superannuated rail and installing equipment Lines with ATS-Ps Fukushima Yokokawa Shin-Shirakawa Higashi-Shiogama ōriyama to prevent rails from overturning. To reduce the amount of snow Stations with ATS-P Shibukawa Nikkō obuchizawa Asakanagamori Takasaki Sendai 1 Emergency is reported via radio on brought in on high-speed sections of the , we have installed currently installed uragano uroiso Aobadōri Hōshakuji exclusive lines Stations with ATS-Ps ōfu Oku-Tama Utsunomiya and begun using a trolley snow melting system at Okama Station on Iwaki Iwanuma Oyama currently installed arasuyama * At the same time, train protection measures are taken the . Stations planned to be Musashi-Itsukaichi Tomobe March 2020 marked the opening of the Shinkansen Education Ōmiya Ikebukuro Abiko Mito equipped with ATS-P ōzu Rule and Training Center. This employee safety training facility has

Narita ashima-Soccer Stadium Abnormality Atami crew training simulators at all locations. It also uses full-scale equip- (As of the end of Mar. 2020) reported Itō isarazu ment to encourage a better understanding of Shinkansen-specific atori urihama Narutō Chōshi rule mechanisms.

Ōami Furthermore, we are conducting various types of test runs using

Azusa-ameyama the ALFA-X test railcar, which is under development with a view to realizing the next-generation Shinkansen. Installation plan for ATS-P and ATS-Ps systems

Areas for planned installation Installation status as of the end of FY2020

Mainly for railway sections with frequent train operations Completed installation in 9 major stations and railway ATS-P system in the Tokyo metropolitan area sections for 2,405.8km (service km)

Provincial city areas and major railway sections excluding Completed installation in 72 major stations and railway ATS-Ps system the Tokyo metropolitan area sections for 210.8km

Shinkansen Education Rule and The ALFA-X, a type E956 Shinkansen Training Center test railcar

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Efforts to Further Improve Safety Levels

Measures to travel path departures on Shinkansen lines Measures against tsunami Measures for rainfall Preparedness against natural disaster We have measures in place to prevent Shinkansen trains from Before the Great East Earthquake, we had set operational Measures for rainfall Our measures against earthquakes departing from their path of travel even in the event of derailment due restriction methods and tsunami danger zones for each location, To prevent landslides due to rainfall, JR East takes disaster prevention Seismic reinforcement measures to an earthquake. prepared manuals, and were holding study sessions and conducting measures for wayside embankments in all railway sections in accor- drills on guiding passengers to deboard trains for evacuation. We dance with its plans. Especially in the Tokyo metropolitan area and Since 1993, we have been enacting measures to prevent bridge col- L-shaped car guide lapses and seismically reinforce elevated railway track pillars and Axle center believe that these efforts led to the prompt evacuation of passengers for all Shinkansen routes, we take thorough measures to secure safe bridge piers. Since FY2013, following the Great East Japan Earthquake, away from tsunami danger zones at the time of the earthquake. and stable transport. we have proceeded with measures on sections identified as high- Countermeasures for rainfall priority. Based on knowledge gained from leading-edge earthquake research, in FY2018 we expanded the countermeasure area and began new reinforcement measures targeting Shinkansen girder seams.

Tsunami evacuation Drill to guide passengers to alight from a L-shaped car guide L-shaped car guide Cutting slope protection (spray framework) Embankment slope protection manual train for evacuation (spray framework)

Preventing breaks at glued insulation joints Rail rollover prevention devices Formulating action guidelines for evacuation to avoid tsunami Initiatives to address flooding To prepare for a case when there is no time before the arrival of a Having suffered significant damage due to the impact of Typhoon Seismic reinforcement of embankment Seismic reinforcement of tsunami, JR East formulated action guidelines for evacuation during elevated railway tracks No. 19 (Hagibis) in October 2019, as overflowing rivers caused Before improving glued insulated joints tsunamis for each one of its employees to follow in January 2012. damage to railcars on the , we have clarified flood prevention measures. For each railway facility, we consider Emergency train stopping measures Action guidelines for evacuation to avoid tsunami We are constructing systems to ensure that high-speed trains can 1. At a time of a large earthquake, be prepared for tsunamis. Gather information both tangible and intangible flood countermeasures given an by yourselves and if communication lines are disconnected, make your own assumed scale of rainfall*1. stop as quickly as possible in the event of an earthquake. For the After improving glued insulated joints decisions for evacuation. (Do not be afraid to make a mistake.) Shinkansen, we have installed seismographs along our railway lines, For railcars, we have put in place decision standards for railcar 2. Once decided to evacuate, by judging the conditions of customers, promptly 2 in coastal areas and inland, to provide early warnings of even minor General emergency drills guide customers to evacuate. evacuation based on the maximum expected amount of rainfall* . movements. In addition, we employ earthquake early warnings from Every year, we conduct a comprehensive disaster-preparedness drill, 3. In alighting from trains, evacuating and gathering information, ask customers We are also moving forward with the development and and local people to cooperate. the Japan Meteorological Agency and underwater seismograph assuming an earthquake has struck. These drills are timed around implementation of such indicators in a system to support decisions disaster prevention week, which includes September 1. Training 4. Even after evacuation, go to a higher place without being satisfied and on railcar evacuation. information from the National Research Institute for Earth Science thinking this would be high enough. and Disaster Resilience in our Shinkansen early-stage earthquake includes countermeasure headquarters operational drills, rescue/ *1 This is the probable maximum level of precipitation stipulated by the Flood Control Act 5. Stay evacuated with customers and do not return to field offices or trains while Enforcement Regulations (the level of precipitation used for preparation of river works). warning system. lifesaving training, and training on evacuation guidance. We conduct tsunami warnings are still issued. The annual probability for this level of rainfall is from one in several tens to one in 200. such training in cooperation with local government agencies. *2 This is the maximum level of precipitation stipulated in the Flood Control Act, with an Using the seismic information provided by this Shinkansen annual probability of around 1/1,000. system, we have also installed an early earthquake warning system Tsunami evacuation navigation system Indicators to aid decisions about evacuating railcars on conventional lines to provide emergency stop notification if large- Learning from the tsunami evacuation at the time of the Great East Japan

scale earthquakes are observed. Earthquake, we have developed and introduced tools to help crew on River Water Water level Embankments and Water Levels operating trains guide passenger evacuations in unfamiliar locations. Levels Measured Forecast water level water level Standard River water level Standard value in railyards value

Embank- River water Drills to operate an on-site disaster counter- Drill to rescue passengers with firefighters Time Current time ment level measure headquarters Basin Rainfall Japan Meteorological Agency indicator Index Indicator of Forecast indicato Note: We determine the level of urgency Preparing rescue kits and first aid kits actual of flood disasters based by Standard Indicator quantifying conditions comparing the basin rainfall index value In the case of an earthquake with an epicenter directly beneath the the potential for publicized by the Japan Tokyo metropolitan area, many passengers might be injured and we river flooding near Meteorological Agency with flood warnings and other standard values. railyards Time might need to save the lives of passengers with the help of a limited Current time number of our employees. For a major earthquake, JR East has Basin rainfall Amount of rainfall River Basin Amount of rainfall Actual Predicted amount of rainfall prepared the following first aid kits and is also conducting drills to amount within the river basin in of rainfall Standard give personnel necessary first aid skills. the upstream area of value railyards Time Current time Railyard Note: In addition to these indicators, we use general meteorological information to make a comprehensive decision on railcar evacuation.

Tsunami evacuation navigations

40 JR East Group | INTEGRATED REPORT 2020 JR East Japan rescue/lifesaving course Rescue kits JR East Group | INTEGRATED REPORT 2020 41 SAFETY

Efforts to Further Improve Safety Levels

Protecting against strong winds and gusts Operation control method against wind gust using Doppler radar Going forward, we plan to proactively deploy newly developed Since a train accident on the in December 2005, we We have collaborated with the Japan Meteorological Agency’s Safety measures at platforms Smart Platform Doors. As a result, by around the end of FY2033 we have introduced the major wind-related initiatives described below. Meteorological Research Institute on a system that detects vortexes To prevent accidents involving customers falling from platforms or plan to have installed platform doors at all the stations on the major by using Doppler radar to measure the movement of raindrops in the coming into contact with trains, we are installing platform doors. By conventional lines in the Tokyo metropolitan area (330 stations by Increased number of anemometers (wind meters) air and sounds an alarm if these vortexes come near train lines. We the end of FY2020, we completed the installation of platform doors at line, including the 243 stations where we have completed the We typically install multiple anemometers on sections wind-based have put in place operating restrictions using this system in winter on 48 stations mainly on the Yamanote, Keihin-Tohoku, and Negishi installation to date). operating restrictions that are in effect. We have also increased the the Uetsu Main Line and sections of the Rikuu West Line. We are lines (a total of 57 stations* by line). * No. of stations is counted by line, e.g., Yurakucho Station is counted as two stations, one for the and one for the Keihin Tohoku Line. number of anemometers in locations where windbreaks have been also expanding the scope of measurement employing operating installed. To ensure accuracy, we are also moving toward the installa- restrictions and working with the Meteorological Research Institute tion of dual anemometers. on research using AI to detect gusts of wind.

Doppler radar observation method Railway lines where platform doors are scheduled for installation by the end of FY2033 (as of March 2018) Installation of windbreak fences Kawagoe Omiya We install windbreaks to protect Step 1 Detection A Step 4 Mega Train operation Utsunomiya, Takasaki, Tohoku Freight Lines (9 stations) railcars from the wind. vortex control Sakata Toride (26 stations) Musashi-Urawa Minami-Urawa Expected range Step 2 Tracking of its route Uetsu Main Line, between Sagoshi Amarume Keihin-Tohoku Line (36 stations) Approx. every and Kita-Amarume Vortex Joban Rapid Line (10 stations) 30 sec. Saikyo and Kawagoe Lines (20 stations) Akabane Cumulonimbus Kiyokawa Shim-Matsudo cloud Joban Local Line (13 stations) Ome Line (6 stations) Oku Nishi-Kokubunji Expanded introduction of the gale warning system Step 3 Calculate the Haijima route of the vortex Hachioji Tachikawa Tabata Takao With this system, operations are halted if the values measured by Ikebukuro Funabashi Nishi- Expected range Kinshicho

Nippori Chiba its route anemometers exceed regulation levels. Wind speed regulations also Iragawa Shinjuku Chuo, Sobu Local Line (39 stations) call for the halting of operations if the maximum predicted wind Operation Control Center Chuo Rapid Line (24 stations) Sobu Rapid Line speed a short time in the future is expected to exceed regulation Fuchu-Hommachi Doppler radar Display Dispatcher (26 stations) Yamanote Freight Line (5 stations) Tokyo (11 stations)

levels, based on measured values on a time axis. We have installed Soga Keiyo Line (17 stations) (19 stations) Yamanote Line (30 stations) this system on all sections of conventional lines where wind restric- Vortex (local Data processing

tions are in place. gust) Hiratsuka Shinagawa Narita Airport Terminal 2 · 3 Station Narita Airport Station Restriction Ofuna Musashi-Kosugi Observation Operation (13 stations) data information cancellation Yokohama Utilizing meteorological information for operation control order Sea of Japan Shonai Sand Dunes Shonai Plain Higashi-Kanagawa Kawasaki We have developed a method to restrict operations by using Zushi Tokaido Line (11 stations) Trial introduction stations (2 stations): meteorological information, such as rain intensity measured by the (11 stations) Machida station (Yokohama Line), Haijima station (Hachiko Line) Japan Meteorological Agency’s weather radar and the agency’s nowcasts on the likelihood of tornados, using this information to predict gusts of wind that could be generated by cumulonimbus Stations where platform doors are installed or scheduled for installation in FY2021(as of April 2020) clouds. We are currently using this system along sections on Nishi-Kawaguchi Kami-Nakazato Minami-Urawa Legend the Sea of Japan during winter. Higashi-Jujo Kita-Urawa Saitama- Kawaguchi Shintoshin Nishi-Nippori Akabane

Warabi Stations where platform doors are in place Tabata Urawa Omiya Yono Display of operation control area Ouji by utilizing meteorological information (image) Scheduled for installation by the end of FY2021 Nippori Ugo-Honjo Komagome Keihin-Tohoku Line Ikebukuro Sugamo Uguisudani Otsuka Mejiro Caution area [Yellow] Ueno Ochanomizu Suidoubashi Shinanomachi Predicting the direction of Takadanobaba Akihabara Sakata Sendagaya

cumulonimbus clouds Iidabashi Okachimachi Chuo, Sobu Local Line

Amarume Ichigaya Shin-okubo Yotsuya Kiyokawa Sakata Shinjuku

Yokohama Line Amarume Asakusabashi Ryogoku Kinshicho Kameido Hirai Shin-Koiwa Koiwa Yoyogi Kanda Kiyokawa Doppler radar installed at Kuromori, Sakata Harajuku Murakami Hurunobe Gotanda Kobuchi Shibuya Yamanote Line Tokyo Niigata Osaki

Shinhotta Cumulonimbus cloud Yurakucho Machida*2 Ebisu warning [Red]

Niitsu Shinbashi Yahiko Negishi Line Meguro Sobu Rapid Line Hachiko Line Cumulonimbus Higashi-Sanjo Hamamatsucho cloud warning • • • •

Kashi- Tamachi wazaki Nagaoka Warning area Shin-Koiwa Narita Airport Narita Airport Haijima Shinagawa* Takanawa Gateway Kannai Sakuragicho Yokahama Higashi-Kanagawa Shin-Koyasu Tsurumi Kawasaki Kamata Omori Oimachi Terminal 2 · 3

*1 Already in place at stations leading toward Yokohama on the Keihin-Tohoku Line 1 *2 Test operations of Smart Platform Doors are complete, and we are now installing them during replacement and new construction.

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Efforts to Further Improve Safety Levels

CP (color psychology) lines Dot-Braille blocks that indicate which direction Installation of high-resolution ITVs Increasing the Level of Sophistication of Obstacle Detectors with Measures to prevent level crossing accidents 3D Laser Radar is away from the edge of the platform Conventional ITV High-resolution ITV We are working to reduce accidents on roads that cross railways.

Our efforts to eliminate level crossings Detection area Our principal measure for preventing accidents at level crossings is Lines use colors that people associate with We have installed high-resolution monitors for Area for detecting to eliminate such crossings. We are working with people in local fallen objects danger to encourage a visual and psycho- We have designed linear protrusions on the insides of station employees and customers to check. communities to elevate, consolidate, and eliminate tracks. Where logical connection between danger and the platforms and put in place blocks that make it easy to edges of platforms. distinguish platforms’ insides from their outsides. eliminating level crossings is difficult, such as for Class 3 and Class 4 crossings, we are converting them to Class 1 crossings. Function for detecting fallen objects In the past, devices did not detect in certain areas to avoid over-sensitivity, No. of eliminated level crossings such as detecting small animals. We overcame this shortcoming by adding by measures such as the introduction of overhead crossings a function that broadens the detection area around the object in question. (excluding those transferred to third sectors) Noise removal function We added a function to reduce false positives, akin to the process of using FY 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 snow removal to eliminate floating substances. No. eliminated 18 42 20 17 7 No. of locations with obstacle detectors (as of the end of Mar. every year)

Changes to the number of level crossings (as of April 1st every year) (No. of locations)

(No. of locations) 3,000 2,783 2,803 2,822 2,833 2,850 9,000 8,358

8,000 2,000 1,294 6,897 6,860 6,841 7,000 6,774 6,673 801 412 396 377 348 202 319 200 198 196 191 1,000 6,000

235 5,000 6,263 6,283 6,264 6,266 6,230 6,163 0 1988 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 0 (FY) 1988 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 (FY) Class 1: With alarms and crossing gates Class 3: With alarms Installing omnidirectional warning lights Class 4: Without alarms and crossing gates Regarding level crossing warning lights to notify the approaching of a Installing obstacle detectors train, we are replacing conventional warning lights with omnidirectional To train derailment due to collisions with automobiles (including large warning lights so that they can be easily detected by the elderly with lower ones), we are installing equipment to detect automobiles stuck at sight lines and automobile drivers who enter level crossings from roads. level crossings that trains will be passing through. Conventional warning light Our obstacle detectors use 3D laser radar to detect the overall level crossing areas. Going beyond conventional functionality (the Can be detected from limited directions. Fall detection mat Emergency stop buttons on platforms Platform doors ability to detect pedestrians), the new devices feature technologies We are installing platform doors to prevent people to detect people who have fallen. We began installing these devices On platform pillars, we from coming into contact with trains or falling onto in FY2020 and are steadily increasing their number. have installed emer- tracks. gency stop buttons so people on platforms can notify drivers, conduc- A mat placed on the tracks along the platform tors, and station staff of Omnidirectional warning light detects whether a person has fallen onto the danger. tracks and notifies incoming trains to stop. Can be detected from all directions. Three-dimensional laser radar obstacle detector JR East is currently working to install an increased number of emergency stop buttons on platforms and dot-Braille blocks that indicate which direction is away from the edge of the platform. Moreover, to ask customers for their cooperation in preventing accidents, we are promoting platform zero accident campaigns.

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Efforts to Further Improve Safety Levels

* From the third quarter of FY2014, incidents which could not be determined to be a suicide are involved in Level crossing for easier passage Initiatives involving Class 4 level crossings Occurrences of railway accidents accidents at rail crossings or fatalities or injuries. Based on the Act on Promotion of Level Crossings, we are Class 4 level crossings are not No. of cases elevating and widening roads at level crossings designated for equipped with alarms or crossing 400 376 improvement. In addition, where necessary we are using colored gates. We are working with local Train accidents 124 Level crossing accidents pavements or adopting other approaches for roads that cross railways communities to eliminate such Railway accidents with casualties Railway accidents with material (such as building pedestrian overpasses), making improvements as crossings or upgrade them to Class damages 300 dictated by local conditions. 1 level crossings. In addition, as another measure to prevent acci- dents at level crossings we are 247

erecting signs calling for caution Class 4 level crossing 200 and erecting whistle boards to warn people at crossings of approaching trains. 137 107 100

In cooperation with road administrators, we are increasing the width of level crossings and separating crossings for pedestrians from those for automobiles by changing the colors of the roads and walkways. 29 0 5 1 ’88 ’89 ’90 ’91 ’92 ’93 ’94 ’95 ’96 ’97 ’98 ’99 ’00 ’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20

Safety efforts with customers and people in local communities Train accidents Incidents Rather than conducting initiatives on our own as a railway operator, we communicate information to the people who use our services and elicit In FY2020, an accident occurred on the section of track between their cooperation in our efforts to enhance the safety of station platforms and level crossings. We also collaborate with related institutions in Shibukawa Station and Shikishima Station on the Joetsu Line, when JR East recorded one incident (equipment failure) in FY2020. conducting awareness activities targeting schools. Each year, we also run campaigns, broadcasting television commercials in the JR East a train hit landslide rubble (including uprooted trees) from a nearby “Incidents” mean situations that could lead to a railway acci- slope, derailing the train. Service area, as well as broadcasting radio commercials jointly with other railway operators. Incidents dent. The definitions of incidents are stipulated by the rules and regulations for railway accidents that require reporting.

Transport disorders Employee accident

JR East recorded 1,234 cases of transport disorder in FY2020. In FY2020, three lives were lost due to accidents, and 146 accidents resulted in lost work time. Except railway accidents, there are transport disorders, which encompass train service cancellations due to failures of trains or Transport Accidents with lost work time and fatality Accidents with lost work time and fatality facilities, mishandling by employees, or disasters, or delays to disorders (JR East employees) (employees of JES-Net, etc.) passenger trains for over 30 min. or other trains for (persons) (persons) Holding a level crossing safety lesson Awareness activity: hands-on simulation of over 1 hour. pressing the emergency button at a level 150 150 Natural phenomena such as powerful storms, heavy rainfall, crossing Disaster heavy snowfall, flooding, high tides, earthquakes, tsunamis, etc. 116 101 Level crossing zero accident campaign Platform zero accident campaign External External factors such as trespassing or suicide 100 100 90 factors 81 Internal Internal factors such as those related to staff, trains, or facilities 59 factors 53 50 50

No. of transport disorders

Current Safety Record of JR East (No. of cases) 0 0 2018 2019 2020 (FY) 2018 2019 2020 (FY) 1,500 1,366 1,307 1,347 Casualty Serious injury Minor injury 1,253 1,234 300 382 283 Train accidents Train collisions, derailments, and train fire 257 267 Railway accidents accidents 1,000 Level crossing People or automobiles being hit by trains In FY2020, JR East recorded 137 railway accidents, down accidents 860 973 1,046 1,012 940 Railway accidents People killed or injured by train operation significantly from the level at the Company’s foundation. “Railway 500 with casualties excluding suicide accident with casualty” account for approximately 80 percent of the Railway accidents Accidents causing more than 5 million yen damage to 393 334 320 335 total number of “railway accidents.” with material 294 property by train operation 0 damages 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 (FY) (Preliminary Intern external factors External factors Disaster figures)

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