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Bangor University DOCTOR of PHILOSOPHY Image and Reality In
Bangor University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Image and Reality in Medieval Weaponry and Warfare: Wales c.1100 – c.1450 Colcough, Samantha Award date: 2015 Awarding institution: Bangor University Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 BANGOR UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF HISTORY, WELSH HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY Note: Some of the images in this digital version of the thesis have been removed due to Copyright restrictions Image and Reality in Medieval Weaponry and Warfare: Wales c.1100 – c.1450 Samantha Jane Colclough Note: Some of the images in this digital version of the thesis have been removed due to Copyright restrictions [i] Summary The established image of the art of war in medieval Wales is based on the analysis of historical documents, the majority of which have been written by foreign hands, most notably those associated with the English court. -
Medieval, Bibliography 22/12/2003
A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales Select Bibliography, Northeast Wales Medieval A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales East and Northeast Wales – Medieval, bibliography 22/12/2003 Adams. B. 1999. 'The Latin Epitaphs in Brecon Cathedral’. Brycheiniog 31. 31-42. Adams. M. 1988. Abbeycwmhir: a survey of the ruins. CPAT report 1. August 1988. Alban. J & Thomas. W S K. 1993. 'The charters of the borough of Brecon 1276- 1517’. Brycheiniog 25. 31-56. Alcock. L. 1961. 'Beili Bedw Farm. St Harmon’. Archaeology in Wales 1. 14-15. Alcock. L. 1962. 'St Harmon’. Archaeology in Wales 2. 18. Allcroft. A H. 1908. Earthwork of England. London. Anon. 1849. 'Account of Cwmhir Abbey. Radnorshire’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 4. 229-30. Anon. 1863. ‘Brut y Saeson (translation)’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 9. 59-67. Anon. 1884. ‘Inscription on a grave-stone in Llanwddyn churchyard’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 245. Anon. 1884. 'Llanfechain. Montgomeryshire’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 146. Anon. 1884. 'Nerquis. Flintshire’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 247. Anon. 1884. ‘Oswestry. Ancient and Modern. and its Local Families’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 193-224. Anon. 1884. 'Report of Meeting’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 324-351. Anon. 1884. 'Restoration of Llanynys Church’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 318. Anon. 1884. ‘Restoration of Meliden Church’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 1. 317-8. Anon. 1885. 'Review - Old Stone Crosses of the Vale of Clwyd and Neighbouring Parishes’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 6. 158-160. Anon. 1887. 'Report of the Denbigh meeting of the Cambrian Archaeological Association’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 4. 339. Anon. 1887. 'The Carmelite Priory. Denbigh’. Archaeologia Cambrensis 16. 260- 273. Anon. 1891. ‘Report of the Holywell Meeting’. -
Flint Castle, Completed in 1284, Is One of Turner’S Greatest Welsh Landscapes
CSG Annual Conference - Wrexham - April 2015 - Flint Fig. 1. Flint Castle, completed in 1284, is one of Turner’s greatest Welsh landscapes. Joseph Mallord William Turner’s painting of Flint Castle with its vivid light and shade depicting the Dee estuary suffused in an orange sunrise was more than 10 years in the making. The watercolour sketch, over pencil, was composed in the early 1830s. Regarded as a landscape classic, he completed a second watercolour of the castle in 1835, which is now owned by the National Museums and Galleries of Wales (NMGW). The painting was sold at Sothebys, London, in 2010 for £541,000 to a purchaser who wished to remain anonymous. Flint Castle sides held the castle at various times, and, This castle was the product of King Edward l’s although garrisoned by Parliament after its first Welsh war of 1276-7, built a day’s march capture in 1646, the castle was made unusable from Chester. Work began on it and the adja- the following year. cent new town on a fresh site in the summer of The castle, originally set within a moat fed by 1277, making it the first of the king’s castles in the sea, has a large outer bailey, with some of north Wales. By 1284 most of the castle had the curtain wall surviving, and the remains of been built, at a cost of about £7,000, but the the outer gate has been excavated archaeologi- building accounts suggest that there was not cally. There are circular mural towers at three one continuous building programme, and that corners of the square inner ward; their upper the castle may have been damaged in the war floors provided accommodation. -
Grave Slab, Hawarden the Memorial Inscriptions in Hawarden Parish Church
GRAVE SLAB, HAWARDEN THE MEMORIAL INSCRIPTIONS IN HAWARDEN PARISH CHURCH By W. Bell Jones HE parish church of St. Deiniol, Hawarden, T probably dates from the thirteenth century, but with the exception of a tombstone or coffin lid of about that date, of which a drawing is here in serted,1 it presents no object of any great antiquity. There are several reasons which account for this. No doubt this church, in common with others, suffered heavily at the time of the " Great Pillage," as it certainly did during the Commonwealth period, when the ancient stained glass, and probably much else, was destroyed.2 Again in 1742 the church underwent a " renovation," which consisted of plaster and whitewash and the removal of old woodwork. In 1816 further "improvements" were effected, the remains of the old rood screen being then removed, while to complete the devastation a fire occurred in 1857, which practically left nothing standing save the tower and the walls. These circumstances account for the meagreness of ancient memorials in a church with a history covering at least 700 years and in close proximity to an old border castle, the scene of many stirring events, and the 1 The stone is 31 inches long, 12 inches wide at the top and 9 inches at the bottom. It was used as a gravestone in 1777, but it is now placed in the church porch. 2 See Phillips, Civil War in Wales and the Marches. 170 The Memorial Inscriptions in home of the Montalts, Stanleys, and other noble families. In recording the various memorial inscriptions now remaining in the church, the first place may be given to those of the Ravenscrofts of Bretton. -
The River Dee
R-,jr-r, I DEAN 01 CHESS THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES THE RIVER DEE ITS ASPECT AND HISTORY THE RIVER DEE BY J. S. HOWSON, D.D. DEAN OF CHESTER ALFRED RIMMER WITH NINETY-THREE ILLUSTRATIONS ON WOOD FROM DRAWINGS BY ALFRED RIMMER LONDON J . S. VIRTUE & CO., LIMITED, 26, IVY LANE PATERNOSTER ROW 1889. LONDON : FEINTED BY J. S. VIRTUE A!CD CO., LIMITRD. CITV EOAD ID 3 \\-\84- PREFACE. N revising these pages for separate publication I have been made very conscious, both of the excellence and charm of their subject on the one hand, and, on the other hand, of the very inadequate and unworthy manner in which the subject is here treated. It would be a most pleasant task to me, if sufficient health and opportunity were granted to me, to endeavour to do more justice to the scenery and history of this river; but many difficulties the and I impeded even writing of these short chapters ; have been compelled in some degree to modify their original plan and arrangement, especially as regards the Estuary. Under these circumstances my friend Mr. Rimmer had the goodness to write the Tenth and Eleventh Chapters, having reference to the architectural topics, with which he is professionally conversant. J. S. II. COLWYN BAY, July \-jth, 1875. 1051243 PREFACE. 'ITH reference to the brief Preface which was written by the late Dean Howson, it may be said that he contemplated an enlarged edition, with many subjects added that he first limits of could not include in his ; and now, course, such a hope is past. -
Roman Deeside, Flintshire Archaeological Assessment
CPAT Report No. 1470 Roman Deeside, Flintshire Archaeological Assessment YMDDIRIEDOLAETH ARCHAEOLEGOL CLWYD-POWYS CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST Client name: Cadw CPAT Project No: 2104 Project Name: Roman Deeside Grid Reference: N/A County/LPA: Flintshire CPAT Report No: 1470 Event PRN: 140149 Report status: Final Confidential: Yes Prepared by: Checked by: Approved by: Nigel Jones Paul Belford Paul Belford Principal Archaeologist Director Director 27 March 2017 30 March 2017 30 March 2017 Bibliographic reference: Jones, N. W., 2017. Roman Deeside, Flintshire: Archaeological Assessment. CPAT Report No 1470. Cover photo: Rescue excavations funded by Cadw in 2013. Photo Fiona Grant YMDDIRIEDOLAETH ARCHAEOLEGOL CLWYD-POWYS CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST 41 Broad Street, Welshpool, Powys, SY21 7RR, United Kingdom +44 (0) 1938 553 670 [email protected] www.cpat.org.uk ©CPAT 2017 The Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust is a Registered Organisation with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists CPAT Report No 1470 Roman Deeside, Flintshire Archaeological Assessment CONTENTS SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................... II 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1 2 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 1 3 MILITARY ACTIVITY AND -
Number 6 March 2009 Price £2.50
Number 6 March 2009 Price £2.50 Welcome to the sixth Welsh Stone Forum Newsletter On 16th May Tim Palmer will lead an excursion and apologies for its late arrival. The Newsletter is to a number of sites in the Cross Hands area of totally dependent upon members providing material Carmarthenshire, beginning with a tour around the for publication and for this issue unfortunately, Abbey Masonry site where we will be shown around articles had been in short supply. However, after a by Anthony Kleinberg. On 12th June we move little arm twisting from Tim members have rallied to northwest to Strata Florida and Llanbadarn Fawr with the cause and have come forward with a good range John Davies and Tim Palmer and we finish the year’s of articles that reflect the wide range of interests that field meetings on 12th September in Llangollen and are to be found within the Forum. May I say a big Valle Crucis under the guidance of Jacqui Malpas thank you to all the authors, and to Jana Horak for and Raymond Roberts. formatting the text ready for printing. AGM 2009 The main articles also reflect our Wales-wide On 18th April we hold our AGM in Abergavenny and coverage. Raymond Roberts looks at the Upper following the formal part of the meeting Maddy Gray Carboniferous sandstones of northeast Wales, which will give a lecture on Stone sepulchral sculpture. you will have the opportunity to see once again in the After lunch we are hoping that their may be time for field on the Llangollen field meeting, while Graham an informal walk around the town to look at some of Lott gives pectrographic details of the different sandstones discussed. -
Recent Research on Parks, Gardens and Designed Landscapes of Medieval North Wales and the Shropshire Marches
Recent Research on Parks, Gardens and Designed Landscapes of Medieval North Wales and the Shropshire Marches Spencer Gavin Smith My PhD thesis is on the topic of ‘Parks, Gardens and Designed Landscapes of Medieval North Wales and the Shropshire Marches’ and I am grateful to the Editor for allowing me the opportunity to present some aspects of my research in this publication. The aim of my thesis is to examine the archaeological, historical, literary and visual arts evidence for the existence, distribution and use of medieval parks, gardens and designed landscapes associated with castles and related high- status occupation in North Wales and the Shropshire Marches. Digital mapping will be produced as part of the thesis in order to ensure that the data collated can be made available to researchers, academics and organisations who may find this information useful and relevant to their own remit or field of interest. The decision to undertake this thesis stems from the research, survey and excavation I directed at Sycharth Castle (Denbighshire) situated in the valley of the river Cynllaith to the south west of Oswestry (Shropshire). The llys or court at Sycharth and its surrounding landscape was the subject of a cywydd or praise poem composed c.1390 by the poet Iolo Goch. George Borrow translated the poem for his travelogue ‘Wild Wales’, first published in 1862 (Rhys (ed.) 1910) and the poem has subsequently been quoted in part by Higham and Barker (1992: 144-146 and 300-303), Landsberg (2004: 11), Creighton (2002: 179-180, 2009: 101) and Liddiard (2005: 116-117) when writing about an idealised medieval landscape in their publications on castles and medieval landscapes. -
Archaeological Desk Based Assessment
ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT NORTHOP ROAD FLINT FLINTSHIRE APRIL 2018 Local Planning Authority: Flintshire County Council Site centred at: SJ 240 718 Author: Emily Mercer BA MSc MCIfA Approved by: Simon Mortimer MA(Oxon) MCIfA Report Status: FINAL © CgMs Limited Issue Date: April 2018 No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report. CgMs Ref: © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction EM/23246/01 of the controller of HM Stationery Office. • Licence No: AL 100014723 Desk-Based Assessment Land at Northop Road, Flint, Flintshire Contents Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Planning Background and Development Plan Framework 3.0 Geology, Topography and Site Conditions 4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background, including Assessment of Significance 5.0 The Proposed Development and Impact on Heritage Assets 6.0 Conclusions Sources Consulted Appendix 1: Designated and Non-designated Assets Data Plots Appendix 2: LiDAR Plot Appendix 3: Gazetteer of Designated and Non-designated Archaeological Assets Appendix 4: Proposed Layout Appendix 5: Geophysical Survey Report Appendix 6: Cadw Consultation Response List of Illustrations Figure 1 Site location Figure 2 1840 Flint Tithe Map Figure 3 1871-3 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 4 1899 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 5 1912 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 6 1963-7 Ordnance Survey Map -
Flint Strategy and Masterplan 2021
Flint Strategy and Masterplan 2021 March 2012 111CP900 PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL www.dtz.com Final Draft Flint Strategy and Masterplan 2021 | Flintshire County Council Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................ i 1.0 Flint Today ........................................................................................................................................ 1 2.0 Flint‟s Potential .................................................................................................................................. 7 3.0 The New Strategy for Flint .............................................................................................................. 11 4.0 The Spatial Framework and Indicative Masterplan......................................................................... 27 5.0 Action Plan ...................................................................................................................................... 41 6.0 Implementation Strategy ................................................................................................................. 54 Final Draft Flint Strategy and Masterplan 2021 | Flintshire County Council Executive Summary The Flint Strategy and Masterplan sets out a route map for the transformation of Flint, building upon its many assets and overcoming its challenges. It has been prepared by Flintshire County Council in partnership with local residents, local businesses -
The Spiral Stair Or Vice: Its Origins, Role and Meaning in Medieval Stone Castles. Thesis Submitted in Accordance with the Requ
The Spiral Stair or Vice: its origins, role and meaning in medieval stone castles. Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Charles Ryder February 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS For all their help and support, I wish to record my warmest thanks to the staff of the British Library, John Ryland‟s Library, the University of Liverpool and especially the staff of the University of Chester; to the owners of structures with spiral stairs who opened their doors to me, especially the de Vere family at Hedingham Castle and Mr Louis de Wett and Ms Gabrielle Drake at Much Wenlock Priory; to the custodians and managers of historical sites and in particular the lady who gave me a private tour of Charlemagne‟s Chapel, Aachen whose name I never knew and Mr N Fahy at Castle Rising; to a number of members of the Castle Studies Group, the M6 Group and the Liverpool Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies who gave good advice that assisted in my research both when crossing muddy fields in cold rain to visit castles, in warm lecture rooms and by various forms of mail; to people in Japan and China who were pleased to answer my questions and send photographs and articles; to Jean Mesqui, who encouraged my early research and corrected my French writing; almost finally, to my wife who, enduring much, visited almost as many castles as me and developed a excellent eye – far better than mine – for spotting castle features; however, above all I give thanks to my primary supervisor, Professor Peter Gaunt, who was my rock in the storm and from whom I learned many things, not always related to history and castles. -
WHQS 2020 Programme Staff Copy
WHQS 2020 Programme Housing Asset Management Flintshire County Council Staff Copy WHQS – Interpretation The Welsh Housing Quality Standard (WHQS) is a national standard of quality for homes. This is set by the Welsh Government. It means that all tenants in Wales should have the opportunity to live in good quality homes which meet the requirements of that household. The Capital Works Team is responsible for delivering Internal & External upgrades to all Council owned properties, complying with the WHQS by the year 2020. WHQS – The Journey So Far… Agreed the 2020 Business Plan with Welsh Government. Completed the independent Stock Condition Survey. Consulted with Members. Conducted Tenant Federation Workshops. Conducted Tenant Consultation Workshops. Sent & Received Tenant Questionnaires. WHQS – The Journey So Far… Determined the various Work Streams and the New District Areas for Project Delivery as a result of consultation feedback. Packaged the Work Streams into Years based upon Manageable Numbers & Geographical Locations. Tendered each Work Stream. Conducted Interviews with Contractors utilising Tenants & Volunteers. WHQS – Work Streams The Internal Works will comprise of Kitchens, Bathroom and Heating Upgrades. The Envelope Works will consist of the following elements; Roofing, Chimney Repairs, Rain Water Goods, Rendering/ Pointing, Windows/ Doors etc. The External Works will consist of Footpaths and Fencing etc. within the curtilage of the properties. The Environmental Work Stream is set to target issues that affect the community such as parking and communal walk ways etc. The Garage Review will form part of the Planning Process and Survey Work will commence in 2015. WHQS – New District Areas The New District Areas were created to allow the works to be split into Six Manageable Areas of the County as apposed to One Area.