The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of

Project by the Loan of the world Bank RP386 VOL. 2

Public Disclosure Authorized The Report on the Social Evaluation

of the Water Supply & Drainage Project

in the Medium and Small Cities of Henan Province Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU

Public Disclosure Authorized * May 2005

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 1 Total 334 ...... ．口口．曰口口口目目 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply &Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Person in charge of the project: Gou Yuanyou

Writer of the report: Gou Yuanyou,

Wang Yahua, Tian Shimin

Translator of the report: Zhou Shulan

Person in charge of proofreading: Wen Xifu

Person examining and approving the report: Gou Yuanyou

Main participants:

Gou Yuanyou; Zhou Shulan, Wang Yahua,

Tian Shimin, Gou Wenjuan, Wen Xifu,

Zhang Humi n, Li Yongle,. Han Mengqi,

Guo Shuping, Wei Xinqiang, Li Shengji,

Song Qiuping, Liu Guijie, Wangqiang,

Liu Quanyong, Li Zhibin, Yu Min,

Chang Yan, She Xiaoguang, Yang Zicheng

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CONTENTS

1 PR EFA C E ...... 1

1.1 THE PURPOSE OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 1 1.2 THE TASKS OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 1 1.3 THE BASIS OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 2 1.4 THE AGENCIES TO WHICH THE REPORT IS SUBMITTED TO...... 3 1.5 THE RANGE OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 3 1.6 MAIN CONCLUSIONS...... 4 1.7 THE MAIN PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTIONS...... 7

2 THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 16

2.1 THE DRAFTING THE INVESTIGATING SCHEME OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 16 2.2 DEFINING THE INVESTIGATING SCOPE AND SUBJECTS OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION ...... 16 2.3 DEFINING OF THE INVESTIGATING METHODS OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION ...... 17 2.4 THE METHODS AND ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 19 2.5 ORGANIZATIONS OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION...... 20 2.6 THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE SOCIAL EVALUATION ...... 21

3 GENERAL SITUATION OF THE PROJECT-INFLUENCED AREA ...... 23

3.1 CONDITIONS OF THE NATURE, CLIMATE AND WATER RESOURCES ...... 23 3.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE PROJECT AREA ...... 25 3.2.1 A survey ofeconomy ...... 25 3.3 OVERVIEW OF EACH COUNTY ...... 28

4 THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH BENEFIT-RELATED GROUP...... 31

4.1 THE POPULATION STRUCTURE AND SOCIO ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SAMPLE URBAN FAMILIES 31 4.1.1 The population structure, educationallevel and work characteristicsofthe sample urban families...... 31 4.1.2 Income of urban workers and Housing Condition of urban inhabitants...... 36 4.2 THE POPULATION STRUCTURE AND THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MOVING INHABITANTS AND RURAL INHABITANTS...... 37 4.2.1 The population structure and education of moving inhabitantsand ruralinhabitants...... 37 4.2.2 The social and economic characteristicsofmoving inhabitantsand ruralfamilies...... 38 4.3 THE POPULATION STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTIC OF THE SAMPLE SETTLEMENT FAMILIES ...... 40 4.3.1 The population structure and education of the sample settlement families ...... 40 4.3.2 The economic characteristicofthe sample settlement families...... 41 4.4 CONSUMPTION STRUCTURE OF THE SAMPLE FAMILIES ...... 42 1. Consumption Structure of the sample urbanfamilies ...... 42

5 THE ABILITY AND WILL TO PAY WATER CHARGES OF THE SAMPLE RESIDENTS IN THE PROJECT COUNTIES OR CITIES...... 47

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47 WATERWORKS OF THE SAMPLE INHABITANTS IN THE PROJECT COUNTIES OR CITIES ...... 5.1.1 The attitude toward the construction of the waterworks and the wills to pay water charges ofsample urban inhabitants in all the project counties or cities...... 49 5.1.2 The attitude towardthe construction ofthe waterworks and their wills to pay water charges ofsample moving inhabitants in all the project counties or cities ...... 50 5.1.3 The attitude toward the construction of the waterworks and the wills to pay the water charges of sample resettlements in all the project counties or cities ...... 51 5.2 THE ANALYSIS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ANNUAL PER CAPITA NET INCOME AND THE ABILITY TO PAY WATER CHARGES OF THE SAMPLE FAMILIES...... 52 5.2.1 Analysis of the annual per capita net income of the sample urban families and their ability to pay water charges: ...... 54 5.2.2 The analysis of the distributionof the annualper capita net income of the sample moving families and their ability to pay water charges ...... 55 5.2.3 Analysis of the distribution of the per capita annual net income of the sample resettlement households and their ability to pay water charges ...... 57

6 THE INHABITANTS' UNDERSTANDING AND REFLECTION OF THE PROJECT...... 59

6.1 ANALYSIS OF THE SAMPLE INHABITANTS' UNDERSTANDING OF WATERWORKS ...... 59 6.2 THE WILL AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THE URBAN INHABITANTS, MOVING RESIDENTS AND RESETTLEMENTS TO PARTICIPATE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE WATERWORKS...... 60 6.2.1 Knowledge about the Project of the urban residents, moving residents and resettlements ...... 60 6.2.2 The opinions about the sewage treatment plants of the urban inhabitants,the moving residents and the inhabitants...... 62 6.2.3 The will to put forward opinions and suggestions about constructingwaterworks'or sewage treatment plants...... 63

7 WATER QUALITY AND DISEASES ...... 66

7.1 THE PRESENT SITUATION ON DRINKING WATER IN PROJECT-RELATED COUNTIES OR CITIES ...... 66 7.2 PHYSICAL CONDITION OF THE SAMPLE INHABITANTS OF THE PROJECT-RELATED COUNTIES OR CITIES 68 7.3 THE ANALYSIS ON THE RELATION BETWEEN WATER QUALITY AND DISEASES IN EACH PROJECT-RELATED COUNTIES OR CITIES ...... 69 7.3.1 North Henan...... 69 7.3.2 East Henan...... 70 7.3.3 West Henan and South-west Henan...... 70 7.3.4 South Henan ...... 70 7.3.5 M iddle part of Henan P...... 70

8 TENDENCIES OF DEVELOPING PIPELINE WATER SUPPLY AND THE FAVORABLE POLICIES AND PRACTICAL METHODS FOR LOW INCOME FAMILIES TO PAY FOR WATER CHARGES IN THE PROJECT COUNTIES OR CITIES ...... 72

8.1 THE DEVELOPING TENDENCIES OF SUPPLYING WATER BY PIPELINE IN THE PROJECT COUNTIES OR CITIES ... 72 8.2 THE FAVOURABLE POLICIES AND PAYMENT METHODS FOR THE LOW-INCOME FAMILIES TO PAY FOR WATER CHARGES...... 75 8.2.1 The favourable policiesfor the low-income families to pay for water charges...... 75

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8.2.2 Methods to pay for water charges ...... 76

9 RESETTLEMENT'S DEMANDS FOR RELOCATING AND RESETTLING...... 78

10 ETHNIC MINORITIES AND DISADVANTAGED GROUPS...... 80

10.1 ETHNIC MINORITIES ...... 80 10.1.1 The Huis'Religious Beliefs and Customs ...... 81 10.2 THE DISADVANTAGED GROUPS...... 84 10.2.1 The poor people...... 84 10.2.2 The old, women, and children ...... 86

11 THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS, NEGATIVE EFFECTS AND SOCIAL RISKS OF THIS PRO JECT...... 87

11.1 THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS ...... 87 11.2 THE DIRECT BENEFITS OF THIS PROJECT ...... 88 11.3 THE INDIRECT BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING THE PROJECT...... 88 11.4 ANALYSIS OF THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE PROJECT...... 89

12 THE SOCIAL SUPERVISION TARGETS IN THE PROCESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION O F THIS PRO JECT ...... 90

12.1 THE EXTERIOR SUPERVISING TARGETS IN THE PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTING THIS PROJECT ...... 90 12.2 THE EXTERIOR SUPERVISING TARGETS OF THE RESETTLEMENTS AND SOCIAL-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT...... 91

13 THE METHODS TO ENSURE THE PARTICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC AND THE INTEREST-RELATED RESIDENTS IN THIS PROJECT ...... 93

13.1 ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTEREST-RELATED PEOPLE IN THIS PROJECT OF SUPPLYING (DRAINING AWAY) WATER IN MEDIUM AND SMALL CITIES IN HENAN PROVINCE ...... 93 13.1.1 People having direct interests ...... 93 13.1.2 People having indirect interests...... 94 13.2 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND THE MEASURES TO ENSURE THE PARTICIPATION OF THE INTEREST- RELATED RESIDENTS IN THIS PROJECT ...... 96 13.2.1 Public Participation ...... 96 13.2.2 The measures that ensure the interest- relatedresidents 'participationin this project...... 97

R EFER EN C ES ...... 100

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The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan Province

1 Preface

According to The Memorandum of Understanding between the World Bank and the Foreign-loan Project Management Office of Henan Finance Bureau, entrusted by the Office, a research team, consisting of experts and workers from the Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU (North Water University), investigated, from January 24 to March 29, 2005, many aspects such as social & economic development in the influenced communities, the economic and social influence of the construction of the waterworks or sewage-treatment plants, and the social economy and consciousness of the urban citizens, inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside and the arrangement of resettlements, etc. They made on-the spot investigations on many aspects such as production, living standard, developing standard of social economy, the ability to bear water price, the will of drinking tap water and the operation of the social security system, the implementation of every project and the fulfillment of the resettlements' rights. On the basis of the investigation results, the Research Institute of NCWU finished the Report.

1. 1 The purpose of the social evaluation

The purpose of the Report is to systematically and wholly evaluate the groundwater quality, social and economic development, living condition of the urban citizens, of the inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside and of the resettlements, and the use of water in the cities and towns in the project regions in Henan Province so that we can conclude the problems and negative effects existing in the course of implementing the project, propose counter measures to solve the problems and to eliminate or reduce the negative effects, and offer the technological basis and social information for the implementation of the project. By doing so we will eliminate or reduce the negative social effects caused by the project implementation and can make our project design more suitable for the development of the project regions and can offer more opportunities for the inhabitants in the project regions so as to improve the efficiency of the project implementation, to enable the project to make a contribution to the development of the social development of the project regions, and to bring about a coordinated development between economy and society.

1. 2 The tasks of the social evaluation

The tasks of the social evaluation are as follows: (1) to investigate and analyze the

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social development orientation, the potential negative effects of the society and other social factors associated with the design and the implementation of the project, for example, the participation of the beneficiaries, the poverty problems, the social sex equality, the development of minorities, the social risks and the fragile groups (such as the elderly, the disabled, sick people, etc.) caused by land taken over or removed, etc. (2) to collect the social and economic data of every County involved by the project, the demographic characteristic of the people who are related to the project, and the information about the traditional culture, customs, religious beliefs, social organizations and social networks that will influence the project potentially;(3) to analyze the -social factors influencing the implementation of the project, the social risks and c.onsequences caused by the implementation of the project; (4) to put forward the specific measures and suggestions of optimizing the design plan of the project, of reducing or preventing negative social effects, of reducing social risks, and of increasing the effect of implementation of the project. The main tasks of the social evaluation of the water supply & drainage project are summarized as follows: (1) To discern the main people who are correlated with the interests of the project (including the groups influenced by the project and the groups ainied at by the project), to make a proper mechanism for them, especially for the poor and disadvantaged groups to participate in choosing, designing, implementing, monitoring and assessing of the schemes for the project. (2) To make sure that the benefited groups of the project can get the benefits brought about by the goal and the implementation of the project, and to consider sexes, nationalities and other social differences in the project contents and designs. (3) To assess the social influence of the investment project, to put forward the schemes to lessen the negative effects caused by the project under the circumstances that there are some negative effects for sure, and to make the measures and means of implementing the schemes meet the needs of the local customs. (4) To strengthen the ability of the target groups to participate in, to solve conflicts and to serve in the communities.

1.3 The Basis of the Social Evaluation

1) The Job Description on Social Evaluation of the World Bank. 2) The Operational Policies 4.12 of the Involuntary Settlement and the appendix by the World Bank. 3) The Land Management Laws of the People's Republic of China, August, 2004 4) Instructions on improving the compensation system of taking over the land for use (issued by the Ministry of State land management, No.238 2004) 5) Water Law of the People's Republic of China 6) The Law on Urban Planningof the People's Republic of China 7) Regulations of Urban Water Supply, decree of the State Council ofPRC' 8) Regulations Regarding Minimum Living Guarantee of Urban Population of the People's Republic of China.

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9) Regulations of Developing, Utilizing, Protectingand Managing Urban Groundwater, decree of the Ministry of Construction of PRC. 10) The Notice of Ensuring Water Supply to Cities of Ministry of Construction (No. 140, [2004], City Construction) 11) The ManagementMethod of Urban Water Supply of Henan, July 2002. 12) Implementation methods of Regulations Regarding Minimum Living Guarantee of Urban Population in Henan Province (No.65 government decree of Henan Province) . 13) Management Regulations of Preventingand Controlling the Pollution of the Source of Drinking-water in the Protection Zone, the document of State Bureau of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Public Health, Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Water Resources, Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources. 14) Measures of implementing Water Law in Henan Province. 15) Temporary regulations regarding managing the resources of urban groundwater in Henan Province 16) Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Planfor NationalEconomic and Social Development of Henan Province 17) Planningoutline of building a well-offsociety in Henan Province in an all-roundway 18) Decisions on accelerating urbanization by the Henan committee of the Communist Party of China and the Henan people's government. 19) The strategic ideas of the economic development of the central cities in Henan Province. 20) Master plans for every city in every project region. 21) The recommendation for the overall project, by means of the World Bank's loan, of the water supply in towns of Henan Province. 22) The detailed implementing regulations of managing the project fund for developing and sorting out land in Henan Province 23) Documents and policies regarding supplying the poor families free water for daily life in various counties in Henan Province. 24) Documents and policies regarding collecting charges for groundwater resources, sewage treatment and tap water in various counties in Henan Province.

1.4 The agencies to which the report is submitted to

According to The Understanding Memorandum between the World Bank and the Managing Office of Foreign Loan Projects, the report is submitted to the Managing Office of Foreign-Loan Projects, administrated by the Finance Bureau of Henan Province, and the World Bank (to which the Report is submitted by The Managing Office of the Foreign-Loan Projects)

1.5 The range of the social evaluation

The range of the social evaluation involves 38 sample counties of 12 cities in the region of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan Province. It includes production, living standard and social standard, and the operation of the social security system, and also includes the implementation of the duties of the administrative and The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 3 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan executive setups of each project region and the implementation of the rights of resettlements. The details are as follows: issues of population, religions, education, environment, protecting water resources, social security, as well as site-selection for the project, ways in which the infrastructure of the project are shared, measures of the social security for the employees of the enterprises in the region, policies of assigning rationally in the society and implementation of projects involved, etc.

1.6 Main conclusions

(1) The investigations made by the social and resettlements experts on the social economy of the urban citizens, inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside and the. resettlements of every town in the project region show that the annual income, the per capita annual expenditure and the Engle coefficients prove fhat they can afford the current water price. Among all the sample counties (or cities) in the project, Yuanyang County's lowest guarantee line is 80 for the needy families while that of City is 150 Yuan. According to the statistics of the sample urban families, the population of the sample poor families enjoying the lowest guarantee line occupies 4.47% of the population of the total sample families (The urban inhabitants enjoying the lowest-life guarantee in the whole province occupy 4.81% of the urban population); there are 115 people of 34 families at such poor level in the sample urban families. . As to the urban sample households belonging to the group of the lowest guarantee, they have poor paying ability. Considering their economic situation, according to the policies of Henan People's Government and of the related counties, the needy household can get 3 tons of water free of charge per month, which can meet the daily demands. But they have to pay the extra part, for example, water for baths. These policies have solved the problem of drinking water of needy households in cities and have been proved effective in the process of implementation. The annual lowest net income of inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside is 1500 Yuan, but they are not entitled to the lowest guarantee because they are farmers, so they have to pay water fee by themselves. In addition, some of them work in the field of construction and restaurants, and their employers usually arrange their board and lodging. The inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside have better health and skills, and most of them have business abilities. If they lose their jobs or lose money in business, they will resort to farming. The water supply project doesn't expand to rural area and is confined to cities and towns. Thus, it doesn't affect the life of farmers in rural areas. They can still use their own wells and need not pay water fee. (2) Town inhabitants, the inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside would like to pay at the current water price, also to pay if the current price rises a little. The resettlements mean that the waterworks takes up their land and they made contributions to the construction of the waterworks, so the government should pay all kinds of compensation in time in accordance to the related laws and policies. After the set up of the waterworks, they should get some benefits in water drinking and the best is to provide fixed amount supply free of charge, such as two tons of water supplies free of charge per person every month. They insist that they will use their own wells if they can't

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 4 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan get low price water. (3) The waterworks of related counties have installed water meters in every household and full-time inspectors are to copy the readings on the meters monthly. The readings are effective after affirmed by the consuming households Water fees can be charged monthly, like the charge of electricity fee so as to avoid the conflicts between waterworks and consuming households. As to the methods of water fee collection, the related counties adopt two ways. One of them is to go to every household, and the other one is to ask each household to pay at regulated place and date. (4) As a whole, town inhabitants, inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside and the resettlements strongly request to drink the tap water. They think it is convenient and hygienic to drink tap water and beneficial to their health. (5) Town inhabitants, inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside and the resettlements mostly (Details are shown in Part 6) think it is necessary to build sewage treatment plants. They can improve the ecological environment and living environment and are beneficial to improvement of agriculture yield. Sewage is the latent resources that can't be neglected, but some of the sewage can only be used for the farmland irrigation because of its low value. However, in the countryside, most of the sewage in farmland irrigation has not been treated through a special process, about 70%--80% cannot meet the request of the water quality in farmland irrigation. Moreover, most of the sewage is the mixture of domestic sewage and the industrial gewage, with complicated composition, having a great deal of poisonous and harmful organic matter and heavy metals. Therefore, we must increase our devotion to deal with sewage. In doing so, we can not only increase the use value, but also reduce the pollution to the ground environment and the shallow layer groundwater; meanwhile, it can also reduce the chemical pollution to the farm crops and increase the agriculture yield and quality of the farm crops. The irrigated areas with dirty water mostly take cities as centers; as a result, it becomes a serious threat or pollution to the city groundwater and farm crop. And additionally, the sewage treatment is also beneficial to the agriculture and health of the inhabitants in the local area and the downstream regions. (6) Through the investigation of population, the minority of this project is the Hui nationality moving in from the west more than 1000 years ago, their whole family settle down in the countryside of , of the Eastern Henan Province, with the same life style with the Han nationality. For their life style, except that the characteristics of their race were preserved in the food structure, other respect was almost the same with the Han nationality, and so was the political and economic status. In this project, the minority (the Hui nationality) does not belong to original inhabitants mentioned in 0D4.12. Because the Han nationality has the characteristics of going into business (mainly in dining industry, the quality of Hui nationality's dining industry is usually higher than that of Han's, mainly decided by their religious belief), so their economic income is slightly higher than the Han's. (7) Through the investigation of the sample county (city) in every project, we find that the supply of the tap water occupies 31.12% of the total amount of gross demand, they need to set up the new waterworks to meet the satisfy of the increasing water supply; In addition, in some project, the pipeline net of water supply is aging, the loss rate of water

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 5 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan supply is between 20%--25%, so they need to maintain and extend the pipeline net of water supply. (8) Through the investigation of the sample counties in every project, we find that in 30% of the sample counties in the project, tin the town exist the phenomenon of insufficiency and aging of the waterpower management organization, the water resources monitor organization, the organization of monitoring and managing the environmental protection and hygiene, the old-fashioned method of monitoring and the incomplete of the monitor data. Therefore, government of all levels should increase the investment of monitoring equipments. (9) The land of the project-related waterworks and of the headwaters of waterworks has been taken over and the compensation is paid according to related laws (Land Management Lav of People's Republic of China, No.28, 2004, document of the National Land Resources Ministry and Instructions on improving the compensation system of taking over the land for use The headwaters of waterworks are protected in terms of related laws issued by Environment Protection Bureau, Health Ministry, Construction Ministry, Water Conservancy Ministry and Ministry of Geology and Minerals. (10) Nitrates and nitrites, found in shallow groundwater in , , Fengqiu and Yuanyang, exceed the standard regulated by Specification of Drinking Water Quality. According to the standard, the maximum content of nitrates in drinking water is 20mg/L. However, the content of nitrates in shallow groundwater of the above-mentioned counties is between 20mg/L-30mg/L. Moreover, nitrites exceed the standard greatly. It is well known that this kind of drinking water can lead to cancer in the long run (Conclusion from Health Ministry). That is why esophagus cancer and stomach cancer are very common in these areas of North Henan. In addition, Yuanyang and Fengqiu are in the Plain of . The flooding of Yellow River buries bodies of animals and plants in the ground and they dissolve into groundwater after getting rotten. Therefore, large amount of organic matter has been found in the groundwater in Yuanyang region. Iron ion exceeds the standard to a large extent, and ferroferric oxide has been found in the groundwater. The correlation between water quality and some diseases are under research and analysis. Fluorine and alkali has been found exceeding the standard in shallow ground water in some places of east Henan, for example, in Kaifeng, , Shangqiu, etc. According to the regulation of the Specification of Drinking Water Quality, the maximum fluorine in drinking water is 1.0 mg/L. But fluorine content in these areas is between 1.1mg/L- 1.4mg/L. Therefore, people in these areas commonly suffer from decayed tooth and one or two cases of Kaschin-Beck disease or dental fluorosis or other related diseases are found in cities or counties of the region. The main reason is that people in these areas drink water rich in fluorine from wells of their own. The Health Bureau of reveals that the above-mentioned diseases have all been found in the following villages such as Duanmaliu, Zhshazheng, Sisuolou, etc. The Health department has confirmed that exceeding fluoride in drinking water is the prime culprit. On the other hand, alkali content, with a PH value between 8.5 and 8.8, also exceeds the standard of PH value between 6.5 and 8.5. Exceeding alkali content does not affect people's health, but drinking water in

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 6 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan these areas tastes bad. In all, it can solve the problem of the insufficient water supply with the project of water supply in the small town of Henan Province. It can provide the convenient drinking water of the superior quality for the inhabitants and inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside the towns, thus raise their living quality and healthy levels; The construction of the sewage treatment plant can solve the problem of dealing with the sewage in the County (city) of the project, and improve people's living environment and quality, being beneficial to people's health and the protection and recover of the ecological environment.

1.7 The main problems and suggestions

(1) The survey shows that one of the main problems is that water consumers cannot go to the appointed places to pay their water fees in time. Suggestions: Water fee collection can be adjusted to local conditions. Consumers in some counties with good conditions can pay through banks. As to consumers in counties without the convenience, running water companies can send people to each household to collect on appointed date or let them pay partially in the bank and the rest will be collected by water companies. In short, paying patterns should be decided according to the opinions of consumers. (2) Both town resident and the resident moving to and fro between towns and the countryside are expecting the environment to be protected when the water factory is being built. For example, the pollution of mill dust and noise should be decreased; and the traffic should also be paid attention to when the project of pipes is being done. Suggestions: When the project is being done the environmental protect should be taken into account. All the necessary and applicable measures should be taken to decrease the noise pollution and the dust pollution. Try not to affect the traffic during the work progress. The counties win the town the pipes are being renewed, especially, should do the work gradually, and try to avoid a large area of excavation at one time and especially working at nigh should be prohibited. (3) As to the deserted earth and the other litter produced during the project's being carried, the suggestion is to dispose of them in time, and the water and soil loss and the dust pollution should also be paid attention to. (4) As to the counties (or cities) in the northern Henan, astern Henan and southern Henan, they are located on the alluvial plain of Haihe River, Yellow River and Huaihe River, so it is difficult for the ground water to saturate down and the ground water flows so slowly that the sinking of the ground is easily brought on when the water is drawn from the wells of each Riverhead. So the people there are worried that their water for agriculture and life will be influenced. Suggestions: When marking out and planning the site of the water head of the water factory, the protection and rational exploitation of the groundwater should be surely paid attention to. When laying the wells and marking out and planning the well spacing and the well depth, the indispensable technical measures should be taken to avoid the partial sinking and the decrease of the water inflow of certain well cause by the partial sinking of the ground so that the benefit of the well group can be brought up to the required standard

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and the influence on the local peasants of the sinking ground caused by the groundwater head can be decrease at the same time. Besides, the different situations of the replenishment of the groundwater in different periods such as high flow year, normal year, dry year, rainy season and dry season, etc. should be considered. When drawing water the quality of the water, the influence on the water table caused by the different areas, different periods of a year, different supplementation and different produced quantity should also be considered so as to avoid the ground sinking. (5) The expropriation of different counties or cities in this project' being done, people are worried that their compensation could be given in time. Suggestions: The people's governments at various levels are supposed to strictly abide by The Detailed Rules for Implementation on the Funds Control of the Project of Henan Provincial Land Developing and Planning and grant the resettlements their compensation. (6) The local inhabitants, the inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside in this project have a very limited understanding of the pipe water supply and they still greatly rely on the traditional well water supply. Suggestions: The people's governments at various levels in different counties (or cities) in this project are supposed to make more efforts to propagandize for the pipe water supply among the inhabitants and the resettlements and raise their cognition level of this way of water supplying so that they can know more about it and realize the harm done to their health by the well water which has always been used. Everything should be done to persuade them to.use the running water voluntarily, such as to teach and propagandize gradually and persistently, to make a clear comparison of the advintages and disadvantages between the two ways of water supplying respectively and to make them know the benefit got by those who are using running water now. So a good preparation for disusing the family made wells could be made. (7) The survey findings indicate that all the counties with waterworks have plans to close their own wells. However, what the inhabitants worry is that monopolized water price will go up and their living standard will be lowered, especially the poor families slightly above the lowest guarantee line. (Each family lower than the lowest guarantee line is supplied 3 tons of water free.) On the other hand, the administrative staff of enterprises also worries their cost will be higher with the water price going up, especially the administrative staff of enterprises making a loss or few profits. Suggestions: The wells of the related counties should be closed with proper measures and not by sheer administrative methods. Some wells with bad water quality should be closed.: * Wells with water of bad quality should be closed or filled up. * Wells with water of good quality should be used only when pipe nets can't work properly or under maintenance. * Wells with good water quality and large capacity should be bought back by waterworks. Hearings are suggested to hold to decide the price of the above-mentioned wells to guarantee the owners' legal rights. * The water price should be stable and the rise of price should be determined by the Price Bureau of each County with hearings participated by people from all walks

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of life, especially women representatives and those of weak groups (such as the elderly, the disabled, sick people, etc.). 0 Wells of the related counties should be closed. The change of water drinking habit involves a complicated process and this cannot be done only by administrative measures, or it may bring about some inconvenience to the local inhabitants and enterprises and this is opposed to the original intention of waterworks. (8) The survey findings show the shallow groundwater level contains too much fluoride that can lead to decayed tooth and Kaschin-Beck disease. According to the survey, 15% of the adults and elderly of the sample families suffer from decayed tooth, and 1 to 3 cases of Kaschin-Beck disease are found in the records of the Health Office in east and southeast of Henan province. Thus, it is suggested that in the reconnaissance and test of wells, each layer of ground water must be checked. If high fluoride water layers are found during the period of well construction, they should be sealed thoroughly. If the measure can't meet the requirement, water must be purified before supplying to consumers. (9) The ground water in west and southwest Henan province lacks iodine. Records of thyroid enlargement are found in the records of the Health Offices of the counties in west Henan province. The incidence of thyroid enlargement has declined year after year due to the popularization of iodine salt, but one to two cases are found in the records of the Health Offices of the counties. Suggestions: The popularization of iodine salt should be strengthened to get rid of the diseases resulted from lack of iodine. (10) The survey findings show the shallow groundwater contains too much nitrite that is very likely to lead to cancer (held by the preliminary research by' The Health Ministry). Esophagus cancer and stomach cancer are of high death rate. It is suggested ground water of shallow. layers be closed in the construction of wells in north Henan and contents of nitrite be tested so as to measure up to standard. (11) 89% of the urban inhabitants do not know their land will be taken over for building waterworks or waste-water treatment plants. Due to poor publicity, 11% of urban inhabitants do not know waterworks or sewage treatment plants are to be built, and most of them got the news only a few days before we reached there. Of the inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside, 79.3% of them know the news while 20.7% don't; of the resettlements, 52.5% know the news. When the survey was on the way, 29 project counties were carrying out formalities of land expropriation. However, 47.5% of the resettlements didn't know waterworks or sewage treatment plants would be built in their villages. Therefore, it should be made public to them and their involvements are required, such as airing their opinions and advices. In addition, resettlements should be informed regarding their compensation and their legal rights should be guaranteed. (12) Worries about loans from World Bank are blocking the construction of the waterworks and sewage treatment plants and governments' credit is also affected. It is suggested that World Bank quicken their steps in granting of loans so as to get rid of the worries from related counties and enterprises and this is beneficial for the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 9 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan implementation of the project. (13) The findings of the investigation team of social evaluation and resettlements program show that the related counties have not exchanged well about the findings of the investigation team of social evaluation and resettlements program show that the related counties have not exchanged well about t It is suggested that the administrative departments of the related counties strengthen their exchange and have a better understanding of the related information. (14) The water source of the related counties can be divided into three kinds, i.e. water from ground, reservoirs and Rivers. The conservancy of water source is indispensable to the safety and health of the masses and to the sustainable development of social economy. * Measures to be taken: Measures must be taken to guarantee the quality of water source according to laws. The related laws and regulations are as follows: Water Law of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the law of the Prevention of Water Contamination, Regulations of Contamination Prevention of Drinking Water Source jointly released by Environmental Protection Bureau, Health Ministry, Construction Ministry, Water Conservancy Ministry in 1989, as well as the Drinking Water Standard and Ground Water Quantity Standard. * Engineering measures should be taken to conserve water sources. Ground water is connected with surface water through soil and Rock strata, and is somewhat sealed and is not prone to contaminatioi.. However, once contaminated, it can lead to greater damage to the environment and more difficult to clean. The recovery will take dozens, even hundreds of years with polluting sources thoroughly cutting off. Therefore, improvement schemes of cleaning and conservancy of ground water must be propounded during the period of the engineering design in accordance with the present situation.. * Water sources should be protected when wells, Rivers and reservoirs are under construction so as to prevent pollutes from sinking into ground water or water sources. * Pipe nets of waste discharge in related counties should be tested and improved to prevent sewage from seeping. Seepage pits and leaching wells should not be used to discharge sewage into ground. Wells of water source should be properly sealed so as to avoid polluting. * Garbage near water sources should be disposed properly to keep it from contaminating surroundings. Only in this way can the surroundings near water sources be kept tidy. On the other hand, garbage can be recycled and economic benefit can be achieved. * Sewage disposal facilities should be built up in rural areas because seepage pits are very common tin the town and they have become a serious pollution sources. Then, phosphorous washing powder should be prohibited and cons.ervation and monitoring of soil and water be strengthened. In addition, deforesting should be stopped so as to conserve soil and minimize contamination during the period of flooding. * The application of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers should be brought under

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control. Water conservancy areas should be built in the water taking site of the Rivers and reservoirs and the application of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers be limited. Sewage irrigation should be prohibited and ecological agriculture and green industry be encouraged. Statistics show that 4%-6% of deposit, 52% of nitrogen and 47% of phosphor melted into surface water come from irrigation. 70-80% of fertilizers used penetrate into soil and this has become a polluting source. Thus, fertilizers should be used scientifically. In the meantime, organic fertilizers should be encouraged. The contamination of pesticides is more and more serious, especially pesticides which are not degraded easily. Therefore, it is suggested the harmless or pesticides with low toxicity be used. * Water conservancy areas should be built around waterworks and water sources. First class conservancy areas, with distinct signs, should be built within 30meters in radius around waterworks and supplying wells. Residing areas and poultry and livestock farms, water penetration toilets, sewage pits should not allowed to be built within 10 meters in radius around production areas of waterworks. Water penetration toilets, sewage pits, rubbish and waste collection should be prohibited within 30meters in radius around supplying wells. Second class conservancy area is to be built in the water production range. Industrial wastewater and sewage should not be used in irrigation. Pesticides with high and durable toxicity should not be allowed in the area. Deep wells used by industry should not be constructed to avoid water shortage or contamination in the area. In addition, sewage is not allowed to discharge into surface water in the area. The range of conservancy area and the regulations of water conservancy of the related counties should be agreed by administrative agencies and made public. Obvious marks or signs should be placed in the conservancy area. * Dynamic monitoring and controlling system of ground water should be established to protect water sources on long-term basis. After the base of water source is built, the water capacity, quality and level should be monitored and studied to provide information about the change of water quality and water level, especially the polluting condition of the water quality. On this basis, measures are to be taken to minimize negative effects appeared after water sources have been overexploited in an area. * The monitoring and control of the capacity and quality of surface water body should be enhanced to provide scientific basis for the related departments to centralize management and conserve water sources. It is of great importance to prevent surface water from being pollution source so far as the related counties are concerned whose water sources are from Rivers and reservoirs. (15) The survey shows that 70% of the related counties have not effectively monitored the water source and sewage due to shortage of funds and technical personnel and this leads to absence of information of water sources. It is suggested the related counties improve the monitoring networks of water source and strengthen dynamic monitoring of ground water and its quality, and supervision of its exploitation. The monitoring system of water sources should be improved and its monitoring database be established so that the related information can be shared and

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accurate basis can be provided for the management of water resources. Then, forecast about ground water should be made to guide its exploitation and to find out and prevent the negative effects to geological and ecological environment caused by exploitation of ground water. Next, the reliable information should be acquired by computer network and electronic information technology and the system of information management and distribution of water source be made to strengthen the combination use of water from ground, surface and air. In addition, the administrative, legal and economic measures should be taken and responsibilities of related departments be made clear. Water management should be carried out in accordance with the law to insure the improvement of water environment step-by-step and sustainable development and exploitation of ground water sources so as to manage the ground water scientifically, systematically. (16) This project has the some major socioeconomic risks as follows:

* The social risk resulting from the country's policy change. * The fund risk caused by price increase, including the price growth of construction materials and the payment increase of the labor force. * The risk of the project being delayed when related counties or cities couldn't get the loan on schedule. * The socioeconomic risk caused by decline of water demand when- the profit of the water consumption corporations declines and even some go bankrupted in poor economic situation. * With regard to the possibility that the waterworks can't gain its aimed economic benefit because of the difficulties of collecting water fees, when therising of the unemployment rate decreases the urban inhabitants' income. * The risk that the waterworks does not realize its aimed economic goal owning to difficulties of collecting water fees if urban citizens' income drop down. * The social risk that the population growth and economic development can't reach the anticipated level. * The economic risk of the corporation's profit declining caused by the errors in the process of the waterworks' reform. The economic risks caused by rise of water price owning to the collection of the water recourses fees and fees that are imposed on the companies releasing polluted water. (At present, the water recourses fee is still not collected by relevant administrative sectors in Henan province Suggestions: * When making the economic analysis of the feasibility research, the fiscal office of Henan Province and the related executive bodies in related counties should analyze the exchange rate risk caused by the fluctuation of international finance, and more important, present workable measures to avoid such risk. * Analyze the social and economic risks resulting from the changes of the country's policy and put forward practical precautions. * The outlay risk of the price increase, including the price growth of construction materials and the payment increase of the labor force, shall also be analyzed in the course of making feasibility research, and be paid much attention to when valuating

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the investment. 0 In case that related counties delay the project and the matched funds cannot be obtained on schedule, the project office of the fiscal office of Henan province should take administrative measures to ensure that the matched funds are provided as planned. " As for the risk- that the magnitude of water supply doesn't reach the planned level, when the profit of the water consumption corporation declines and even some go bankrupted, because of possibility of the economic slump, and thus water demand declines, the feasibility report should study and forecast the country's social and economic development, and bring forward precautionary measures as well. " With regard to the possibility that the waterworks can't gain its aimed economic benefit because of the difficulties of collecting water fees, when the rising of the unemployment rate decreases the urban citizens' income, the feasibility analysis shall analyze such risk and present preventative measures. * Dealing with the social risk that the population growth and economic development can't reach the anticipated level, the feasibility report should carefully analyze the layout reports of all related counties, and draw scientific conclusions when analyzing the size of water supply. * To avoid the economic risk of the corporation's profit declining that's caused by the errors in the process of the waterworks' reform, all related administrative sectors in relevant counties should enhance their management and supervisions in the process of the waterworks' reform, firmly carry out relevant national and provincial regulations and policies. The risk caused by the collection of water fees and other charges that are imposed on the companies releasing polluted water. This can add to the cost of water supply, and thus cause the increase of water price. The consumers won't pay such extra increase (At present, the water fee is still not collected by relevant administrative sectors in Henan Province) and this should also be analyzed in the feasibility research. All related administrative sectors should strengthen the publicity of collection of water fees and other fees. In addition, hearing attended people from all walks of life, especially women, should be held to determine water price increase caused by collecting water fees and other charges.

(17) The main negative influence of the project on social environment lies in the following points * The land expropriation of this project has caused some resettlements to lose some of their fields. Thus this project has negative influence on their production and lives. * The conduits of this project occupy some lands occasionally. * The construction of this project has negative influence on the local ecosystem, water conservancy, environment, and traffic. * Some of the construction materials will be purchased in the local market and that will cause the local price of the construction materials to go up in a short period. Although the dealers of the materials can benefit from this situation, it will exert negative influence on the other clients who purchase the same materials.

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* Although the construction of this project can offer more employment opportunities to the local people, the sudden increase of inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside (including the members of the building and installation companies coming from other places) will drive the price, especially the price of non-staple food, and make the price of the consumer goods go up slightly. This is beneficial to dealers, but it has negative influence on the local inhabitants (except on people in cities with booming business and convenient traffic. such as Yangshan in City.) * The construction of this project leads to the sudden increase of the external population and it has negative influence on the peace and traffic of the local people and it will affect their production and life. * During the construction of the project, the sewage and garbage produced by the people who engage in the construction will affect the local environment in a certain degree. * After the completion of the project, the domestic sewage and garbage produced by the staff will affect the production and life of the local inhabitants. * The environmental protection measures against the water resource have negative influence on the farming production of the locals. * The improper disposal of stacks of the production waste in the sewage factory will pollute the completion of the project, the sewage and garbage produced by the staff and the sewage treatment will affect the local environment in a certain degree and affect the health of the locals. Thus, there are some suggestions: * With regard to the situation the land expropriation caused some resettlements to lose some of their fields and the negative influences on the resettlements' production and lives, governments at all levels must carry out The Directing Opinion about Perfecting the System of the Compensation and Settlement of Land Expropriation (the document, No. 238 (2004}, issued by National Land Resource Department). The institutions of the resettlements settlement must plan the detailed measures of the resettlements settlement and guarantee that the resettlements' living level will not go down because of the loss of the fields. * As to the situation the conduits of this project occupy some lands and the negative influence on the resettlements' production and lives, the report of the resettlements settlement must plan the detailed measures and guarantee that the resettlements' living level will not go down because of the loss of the fields. In terms of the design of the conduit's construction, the report demands that the construction unit should backfill the dug soil and press down according to the soil structure and backfill the organic soil to the surface for the farmers' tilling and minimize the negative influence. * As to the negative influence on the local ecosystem, water conservancy, environment, traffic, etc., the construction unit should adopt measure's to decrease the influence. First of all, protect the vegetation while constructing, prevent the water and soil flow and scatter water in time to prevent the dust pollution (as the first suggestion).

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* As to the situation that some of the construction materials will be purchased in the local market and that will cause the local price of the construction materials to go up in a short period, these materials' purchase will not be in large amount and should be through inviting public bidding in the city and decrease the purchases in the County. * As to the situation that the sudden increase of inhabitants moving to and fro between towns and countryside (including the members of the construction and equipment corporation coming from other places) will drive the price, especially the price of non-staple food, and make the price of the consumer goods go up slightly, the construction unit should purchase the non-staple food in the city and extend the range of the purchase. * As to the situation that the construction of this project leads to the sudden increase of the external population and it has negative influence on the peace and traffic of the local society and. it will affect the local people's production and life, the construction unit should manage its staff and be strict in discipline and decrease the number of the vehicles and people that go out in rush hour. * As to the situation that during the construction of the project, the sewage and garbage produced by the people who engage in the construction will affect the local environment in a certain degree and therefore has negative influence on the local people's production and life, the construction unit should deal with the sewage effectively and forbid dumping the sewage and garbage everywhere the town and clear up the garbage in time. 0 As to the situation that after the completion of the project, the life sewage and garbage produced by the staff of the sewage factory will affect the local environment and therefore has negative influence on the local people's production and life, the suggestion is the same with the above. * As to the situation that the environmental protection measure against the water resource in the source has negative influence on the farming production of the local farmers, the construction unit should give sufficient consideration to the farmers' benefit while planning the protection of the source and avoid attending to one thing and lose another. * As to the situation that the improper disposal of stacks of the production waste in the sewage plant will pollute the local environment in a certain degree and affect the health of the local people, the construction unit should carry on an scientific argumentation while studying the feasibility of the sewage factory and planning the factory to prevent the environmental pollution of the production waste.

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2 The Enforcement of the Social Evaluation

2. 1 The drafting the investigating scheme of the social evaluation

Under the requirements of the World Bank and the Foreign-loan Project Management Office of Henan Finance Ministry, we have paid attention to the following aspects in the process of our social evaluation: a. First, we have tried hard to draft a comprehensive, systematic and complete investigating scheme for this social evaluation. So that it is weU organized, reasonably structured b. After the first completion of the scheme draft, in order to draw on collective wisdom and study the contents of the investigating scheme fully, a forum attended by the *experts and members concerned has been held, so that we can make the scheme more perfect and operable and accord with the requirements of The Memorandum Of Understanding and The Task Book Of Social Evaluation. c. After the scheme completely finished, to carry out the social evaluation successfully, we have studied the various situations that we would encounter bn the spot, especially that the villagers would not tell us their exact total of income willingly, and put forward various solutions and countermeasures

2. 2 Defining the investigating scope and subjects of the social

evaluation

The defining of the subjects to investigate is an important index in the guarantee of its precision and accuracy. In order to guarantee that the result of the investigation and the evaluation is accurate, special emphasis has been put on the requirements of the sampling scope besides the choosing principles that we have adhered to in the past (they are the extensity of regionally horizontal distribution, the rationality of vertical distribution of the social classes, the representative of the economical level, the difference of the extents that the society and the project affect, the differences of the social value orientations, the participation of the groups of different interests, and the demand of the quantity which should be in accordance with the laws of statistics). The subjects to investigate are chosen as follows: a. In every County, we choose 5 enterprises, including 2 state-owned ones and 3 collective, individual or share enterprises. Among these enterprises one operates well, one bad and the other three just so-so. b. In every project-related county (or city), we choose 2 resident-committees as samples. c. The committees of the villages whose lands are used to build waterworks or sewage treatment plants in every project-related county (or city) are seen as the sample resettlement villages. d. We sample 20 urban families. Divided according to their jobs, among which there are 5 who do business, transport service and catering service, 10 who are working couples

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or cadres and 5 who are cadres or have only one worker. According to their properties, there are 2 rich ones, 2 poor ones and 16 mediocre ones. When we choose the samples we should take into consideration the families of various social classes. As to the poor old ones without support or the single-parent family, we investigate the financial aid that the local government and the social organization offer to them, and note down the causes of their poverty. e. We choose 10 commuter families. Generally, these inhabitants mainly do business, transport service and catering service, and the differences of their properties and jobs have been taken into consideration in our choice. f. Among the 5 resettlement sample families, one rich, one poor and the other 3 mediocre. If there are especially poor old people without a spouse or children or single-parent families, we choose one more as sample families and investigate the financial aid the local governments and the social organizations offer to them. Because the area of land occupied by the waterworks or sewage treatment plants in every project-related county (or city) is small and the average number of the families affected is 10, so the 5 resettlement sample families occupy 50% of the total resettlement families in every County (If there are less than 5 resettlement families in some counties investigated, we will investigate them all.) g. In addition, the experts of the social evaluation investigated every project-related county (or city) by random sampling. The experts note that the sample families can represent the differences shown by their different social status, profession and education; meanwhile they note the different reactions of people with related interests and the different reactions of people with the same interests. Then the samples can cover all social stratum and the groups of different interests. Table 2-2-1 The Choice of the Samples in every project-related county (or city)

Families of business, Single- Categories of samples Working-couple worker transport service, catering Total service, employment

Urban inhabitants 10 5 5 20

Inhabitants going between the city and 10 10 countryside

Resettlements 5 5

2. 3 Defining of the investigating methods of the social

evaluation

First, we discuss with the relative branches of the local government. The branches attending the discussion include the Water Conservancy Bureau, the City Construction

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Bureaus, the Health Bureaus, the Epidemic Prevention Stations, the Environmental Protection Bureaus, the Statistics Bureaus, the Civil Administration Bureau, the Land Bureaus, Chengguan Town and the Running Water Company. From the discussion, we can get to know, from micro level, the economic development level, environmental condition, medical care level, the interrelationship between drinking water and health, the productive and living standard of the groups of the concerned social interests in the project County, and various policies adopted by the governments of each level about the construction of the Water Work and the resettlements. Second, according to the task of the social evaluation, the plan and outline of the investigation, different teams of experts have been sent to the inhabitants' committees of the city and the resettlement villages to carry out the interview, informal discussion and questionnaire investigation. Then they can get the information about the general situation of the inhabitants' committees, the economic development of the communities, the social economy of the local counties, urban communities and families in quantitative statistics, the contents of the inner labor division and income shifting of the sample families and the basic understanding, opinions and suggestions of the inhabitants' committees, resettlement village' s committees and the interests concerned groups for the construction of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants. Third, according to the requirement of the investigating plan, the experts of social evaluation consult with the inhabitants' committees and the village's committees actively to determine the sample families. During the field investigation and interview with the samples, the experts fill in the investigation questions and the interview records to keep informed of the producing or living condition of the town inhabitants and their attitudes to the construction of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants, also to keep informed of the producing or living condition of the resettlements and their attitudes to the construction of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants and their attitude to and requirement of their cultivated lands requisitioned and rented. During the investigation in the -resettlement villages, in order to get accurate data, the experts have discussed in details each of the index of the production and income of industry and agriculture, researched each investment in the production of agriculture and its side occupation, and then checked the data with other villagers selected randomly. So the income and expenses data of agriculture and side occupation can reflect real situation of the resettlements. But as to the privately-owned enterprises, we cannot know clearly their income and expenses through discussion, so based on discussion and the interview about the income and expenses of the privately-owned enterprises of the whole resettlement village; we randomly select and examine some of these enterprises to check the truthfulness of the discussion and interview. There are some other data for the industry and commerce obtained from the statistics of the resettlement village's committee, we discuss them with the villagers randomly selected and get their confirmation. So the error of the income of industry and its side occupation is within 5%. As for the qualitative data which cannot be quantified, they can reflect the real wishes of both the sample resident families and the sample resettlements families perfectly. There are 38 counties (or cities) involved in the social evaluation, including 760 urban sample families (2,572 individuals), 380 commuter families (1,516 individuals), and

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170 resettlement families (689 individuals). Totally, there are 1310 sample families (4,777 individuals). The result of this vital statistics of all samples shows that the average population of urban household is 3.38, that of the household going between city and This County is 3.99 and the resettlement families 4.05, so the overall average is 3.66. of average population per family is nearly the same as the data released by the government is Henan Province in 2004, that is, 0.12 individual, i.e. 3.2%, higher than that in 2004. It because all the individuals and their children working or doing business outside long are not counted in their investigation. See table 2-3-1. Table 2-3-1 The number of the Sample Individuals

Category .Urban Moving residents Resettlements Total mnhabitants Families 760 380 170 1310 Individuals 2572 1516 689 4777 Average 3.38 3.99 4.05 3.66

2. 4 The methods and analysis of the social evaluation As the contents involved in this project are extensive and the social problems with which we are faced are complex, the indexes that can be quantified, such as the index population structure, the education level, social economy index, water quality and environment index, should be analyzed quantitatively. These quantitative indexes are always calculated, analyzed and evaluated objectively with the common mathematical methods. The qualitative indexes which cannot be quantified, should be analyzed and evaluated, according to the specific condition of the project county or city and the characteristics of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants, in a way combining the statistics analysis and qualitative analysis, but mainly the qualitative analysis. The first method used in this evaluation is have-or-not comparative analysis. We should investigate the social condition if there is no waterworks or sewage treatment plants, predict the influence of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants on the social condition of the locality, and through the comparative analysis define the social changes, that is the character and degree of the various benefits and influences caused by the construction of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants. The second method is logic framework analysis, which is used to analyze the causality. By analyzing a series of related changes of the project, we can make the goal and the prerequisite of the project clear, and then make the project plan more perfect. The third one is different interests groups analyzing & evaluating method. The different interest groups refer to all parties, such as the beneficiary and the sufferer of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants, the related governmental and non-governmental organizations and so on, which have common interests with the waterworks or sewage treatment plants directly or indirectly, and which can influence its construction directly or indirectly. Using this method, first we should have the schedule of the different interests groups, estimate the important role 'the different groups play in the construction, and then evaluate the importance of the different

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groups and at last put forward the measures we should take in the operation. (1) Evaluation of the social risks It means to determine the social risks caused by the changes of the social condition, to analyze the possible social changes caused by the social risks, and to pay particular attention to the controversial risks that are long-standing and influential extensively. (2) Participatory evaluation It means that all the interest-related groups should participate in the social evaluation. It will promote effectively the consultation of those correlated with each other in the interests of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants, promote the two-way exchange of information, and strengthen the feeling of ownership and commission among the target groups of this project. (3) Analysis of the interest-related groups It means to determine the main interests related groups and the interaction between them and the project activities, including the influence of the construction of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants over the related groups and that of the relative groups over the project, to determine the capacity of the poor and weak groups to stand the influence and the cost. (4) Analysis of the related organizations It means to confirm the ability of each related organization to carry out the necessary activities, to evaluate whether the inner parts of the organization are coordinated adequately, and to put forward measures to strengthen the ability of the organization if necessary. (5) Gender analysis It means to determine the ways and bottlenecks to prevent women from participating in the construction of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants, and to describe their activities and the channels existed for them to benefit. (6) Poverty evaluation It means, according to the line of the lowest-life guarantee, to determine-the goal and measures for the waterworks or sewage treatment plants to eliminate poverty to the largest extent, to determine the specific method to avoid risks and to seek for chances to develop, to establish effective, participatory systems and ways, and to analyze and evaluate the various plans. (7) Social evaluation It means to evaluate the distribution of the cost profits during the course of the construction among the different beneficiaries at different time, to determine the potential positive and negative effects of the waterworks or sewage treatment plants over the social environment, including the income, living standard, living quality, employment, the different interests related groups, the weak groups, male and female, local culture, education, public health, fundamental installation and social service, and to advance the points for attention and the proposal for resolving the problems.

2. 5 Organizations of the social evaluation

The scientific and reasonable social evaluation organization of the Henan Medium & Small-Sized Cities Water Supplying & Draining Project is the guarantee for the social The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 20 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan evaluation being accurate and in time. The social evaluation team consists of the social evaluating experts from NCWU and experts in resettlements. The experts pay special attention to the problem of gender, so there are 2 female experts in the team, which lays a good foundation for the evaluation. There is one point that should be emphasized that we carry out the social evaluation by depending on the help of the governmental institutions, the inhabitants' and village's committees in each project district, and the representatives and leaders of the inhabitants and resettlements. They recommend the residential samples and the resettlements samples from which we choose randomly, making sure that the samples can represent the high, middle and low level of the income of the people in the city, represent different education level and interests and intention of different social strata. And as a result, the data of the investigation can reflect the positive and negative effects of the project, the level of social development in the project counties (or cities) and the social ideology and intention of the influenced groups, and the directly and indirectly influenced groups can take part in the evaluation and the results would be more true and reasonable.

2. 6 The Enforcement of the social evaluation

From January to March 31,2005,the investigation group of social evaluation made the on-the-spot investigation of the project counties (or cities), discussed with the related government officials and the related representatives from all walks of life including the Bureau of Finance, Statistics, Construction, Water Conservancy, Health, Sanitary Cordon, Land, Civil Administration, Public Service and the village commission, street office whose land has been expropriated by running-water company and sewage plant, and also the main water-consuming enterprises in each counties(cities).Mainly there are: The related officials in City Financial Bureau of each province The head county (or city) commissioner of each project-related county (or city) The main officials and technology agent in related bureau of each project county (or city) The main officials in related town and countryside on land expropriated in each project county (or city) The main head and technology agent of the head enterprises and the representatives of the main water-consuming enterprises in each project county (or city) The related director of inhabitants' committee and members of the resettlement village commission in'each project county (or city) The related inhabitant representatives from various levels of society and the sample family in each project county (or city) The resettlement representatives in the related resettlement village and the sample family in each project county (or city) In addition to the discussion with the leaders of inhabitants and village's committees, the questionnaire, interview and discussion with the 1310 sampling families have also been made. After obtaining enough information, through mathematical statistics and qualitative analysis, the investigation groups 'of social evaluation make sure to make the data accurate and reliable, the analysis reasonable and perfect, the proposal'feasible, the

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experience typical and the evaluation faithful and accurate. When we are writing the report, the related officials and experts of the World Bank made some constructive opinions and suggestions, which has make sure of the quality of this report.

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3 General Situation of the Project-Influenced Area

3. 1 Conditions of the nature, climate and water resources

The project area covers all the 12 cities directly under the Henan provincial government. Located in Central China, towards the east, the mid and down9tream of the 0 Yellow River, and between 110021'E-116 0 39'E and 31o23'N-36 22'N, Henan Province adjoins Hebei, , , , and Shandong Provinces. It covers 580 km 2 from east to west, and 550 km from north to south. With the land area of 167,000 km Henan Province ranks 17 in China. Henan Province is well situated in the transitional area between the second and the third ladder, with good location and convenient transportation. Henan Province is located in the area between the north subtropics and the temperate zone. The temperate climate, sufficient sunlight and rainfall make it an ideal place for agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. To the north of the Qin Mountain and is an area with semi-humid and semi-arid climate, which stands 70% of the total area of Heman Province. To the south of the line is the humid and semi-humid zone of the subtropics, which stands 30% of the total area of Henan Province. As a result of the influence of the monsoon climate, and the latitude and topographic differences, there are more heat resources in south and east, less in north and west, and more rainfall in south and southeast, less in north arid northwest, and the regional climate differences are significant. Henan Province has a temperate climate; the annual average of the temperature is 12.8-15.50. It is cold in winter and hot in summer and has four distinct seasons. Its winter is long, cold and short of snow; spring arid, windy and dusty; summer hot and abundant. of rainfall; and autumn fine and full of sunlight. To be specific, the annual rainfall does not disperse evenly in time and space. Usually the rainfall of the whole year is mainly in summer, which takes about 45-60% of the whole amount. The rainfall instability is highly likely to cause disasters of floods and drought. The landforms in Henan Province: its terrain is high in the west and low in the east, the difference is significant. Henan Province is located in the transitional district between the second and the third geomorphologic ladder. The Taihang Mountain, Xiaoshan Mountain, Xiong'er Mountain, Songshan Mountain, Waifang Mountain and Funiu Mountain in the west are located in the second geomorphologic ladder. Yet the plains in the east, and the mounds to its east are parts of the third geomorphologic ladder. The general trend of the landforms in Henan Province is that it rises high and undulates greatly in the west and in the east it is low and plain. From the west to the east go the medium-sized mountains and small-sized mountains in order, and then from mounds to plains. The gap in elevation between the highest point and the lowest point in Henan Provicne is 2390.6m. Just because of this kind of landforms, most Rivers within Henan Porvince originate from the western mountains. In Henan Province, there are many very broad plains. The plains in the central, eastern and northern Henan Province are formed by the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Haihe River; as a result they are also called -Huai-Hai .Plain. From

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Taihang Mountain and the east edge of the hills in the west to the northern foot of Dabie Mountain in the south, in the east and the north to the provincial boundaries, the area is wide, the soil is fertile, and it is the important agro-farming area of our country. The southwest is the Nanyang Basin. With an area of about 260,000 sq. kin, it possesses the characteristics of obvious ring-type and ladder landforms; it is the largest basin among mountains in Henan Province. The terrain is smooth in the middle part of the basin, and its hot water resources are abundant, many kinds of plants grow here. The condition of hydrology in Henan Province is decided by the general terrain condition, which is high in the west and low in the east. So most of the Rivers in Henan Province originate in the western mountains, and then flow to the east, northeast or west along the slopes the mountains, forming a fan-shaped water system. The Rivers above 100 sq. km. of drainage area aads up to 493, of which there are 61 Rivers with more than 1000 sq. km of drainage area and 16 Rivers with more than 5000 sq. km. The total runoff of Rivers and creeks in Henan Province is about 165,700 million cubic meters, so it is a province with many Rivers, and certain runoff resources. All the Rivers in Henan Province belong to four River systems respectively. From the north to the south they are: the Haihe River River- system, the Yellow River River-system, the Huaihe River River-system and the Changjiang River River-system. Within Henan Province the Yellow River is about 720 km long; its drainage area is 3.6 million sq. kin, which accounts for 5.1% of the whole drainage area of the Yellow River and also 21.7% of the total area of Henan Province. Huaihe River originates from Tongbai Mounta:n, and flows east to Huaibing and further outside to other provinces. It is 340 kms long within the territory of Henan Province, its drainage area is 88,300 sq. km., which accounts for 46.2% of the total drainage areas of Huaihe River, and accounts for 52.8% of the total area of Henan Province; Tanghe, Baihe River and Danjiang River are important tributaries of the Hanshui River, which belong to the River system of the Yangtze River, their drainage area within the province is 27,400, sq. km which accounts for 16.3% of total area of Henan Province; Weihe River originates from the Taihang Mountain, and is the main tributary of Haihe River. It is more than 400 km long within the province, its drainage area is 15,300 sq. km, and accounts for 9.2% of the total area of the province. The groundwater resources in Henan Province are comparatively abundant too, but the amount of water resources per person is relatively low and the amount of the groundwater resources of the shallow layer are about 20,500 million cubic meters. Among them the plain and the River basin takes 3/4, and the hillock area accounts for 1/4. According to the depositing condition, it can be roughly divided into two regional types of water: one is the water from mountainous bedrock caves in the west and south Henan Province and the other is shallow phreatic water and deep artesian water under the eastern plains. The area of mountainous bedrock caves water all over the province is 52,310 sq. km. And in the plains the area of phreatic water (including hillocks) is 108,794 sq. km, and that of deep artesian water is 84,700 sq. km. To the end of 2004, there are 17 cities under the Henan provincial government, 1 municipality directly under the Henan Provincial Government, 21 cities of County level, 48 districts under the jurisdiction of the municipal government, 89 counties, 2,123 villages and. towns, 48,000 administrative villages. The cities under the Henan Provincial Government are: Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, ,

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Pingdingshan, , , Xinxiang, , , , , , Nanyang and Shangqiu; the prefectures under the Henan Provincial Government are: Zhoukou, and Xinyang, and the municipality directly under the provincial government .

3. 2 Social and Economic Conditions in the Project Area

3. 2. 1 A survey of economy

The project concerns 12 cities under the Henan Procincial Government except Zhengzhou, Anyang, Hebi, Jiyaun, Puyang, Luohe, including Kaifeng, Luoyang, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Pingdingshan, Xuchang, Sanmenxia, Nanyang, Shangqiu, Xinyang, Zhoukou, Zhumadian etc, whose social and economic developing condition is fundamentally on the same level, but some index marks are little lower. According to Statistic Bulletin of Henan Province National Economy and Social Development in 2004 Henan Province realized relatively high velocity and quality of increase, all kinds of social courses developed harmoniously, the living conditions of people were raised, many index marks reached the best level during the recent years

3.2.1.1 Comprehensive survey

In 2004 the national economy of Henan Province develops smoothly, steadily, healthily, and relatively rapidly, the total economy amount and the income level per capita reach a new stage. Through initiative statistics, the total output value in the whole year reaches 881.509 billion Yuan, which is 13.7% more than last year, in which First Industry increases 164.748 billion Yuan, 12.8%; Second Industry increases 451.535 billion Yuan, 16.2%; Third Industry increases 265.226 billion Yuan, 10.6%. The three industry construction changes from 17.6: 50.5: 31.9 last year to 18.7: 51.2: 30.1. The total output value per capita breaks through US $1000. The quality of the economic operation is obviously improved. All the state industry enterprises and the non-state's having the sale of more than 5 million Yuan per year profit 37.652 billion Yuan, registering increase of 46.9%. The income of urban and rural citizens registers increase of 11.2% and 14.2% respectively. The prices of commodities in market are raised greatly. The total level of citizens' consuming prices increases 5.4%, in which the prices of food increase 13.5%, those of living 6.3%, those of industry products 10.2%, those of raw materials, fuel 15.7%, those of fixed assets investment 10.1% and those of agricultural producing materials 11.4%. The number of employment increases. At the end of this year 55.5 million people (150 thousand more than the people employed at the end of last year); among them there are 8.50 million employees in urban area, increasing by 100 thousand, are employed. The registered unemployment ratio is 3.4%.

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3.2.1.2 Agriculture

The planting industry has an overall harvest. The total yield of grain is 42.6 million tons, a new record. Henan province occupies the first position in grain yield. The total yield of summer crops is 25209.8 thousand tons, that of autumn crops 17390.2 thousand tons. The total yield of oil is 4087.5 thousand tons, that of cotton 666.7 thousand tons, that of tobacco 257.5 thousand tons, that of vegetables 52735.2 thousand tons. The construction of rural economy is further optimized. The area of planting high quality grain in Henan Province occupies 1731.33 thousand hectare, constitutes 36% of the grain planting area. The high quality ratio of domestic animals is highly raised. The scale of agricultural industrialization is continuously broadened. Animal husbandry develops rapidly. The total yield of meat is 6430 thousand tons; the total yield of egg reaches 3474 thousand tons; the production of milk keeps a rapid increase pace; its-total yield reaches 745 thousand tons; the total yield of aquatic product is 422 thousand tons.

3.2.1.3 Industry and architecture

The industrial production keeps a rapid increase. All industrial increment during the year is 386.218 billion Yuan, achieving a 17.0% increase. The industrial increment of the non-state enterprises having 500 million Yuan's sales per year is 233.268 billion Yuan, achieving 23.6% increase. The increment of state and state stockholding enterprises is 112.185 billion Yuan, achieving a 18.1% increase; the increment of collective enterprises is 27.102 billion Yuan, achieving a 20.0% increase; the increment of stock enterprises is 105.231 billion Yuan, achieving a 25.0% increase; the increment of enterprises invested by foreign merchants and Hongkong, Macow and Taiwan is 14.420 billion Yuan, achieving a 20.9% increase; the increment of light industry is 66.860 billioh Yuan, achieving a 19.7% increase, the increment of heavy industry is 166.408 billion Yuan, achieving25.4% increase. The increment of non-state industry during the whole year is 94.399 billion Yuan, achieving a 31.2% increase. The composite economic index of non-state industrial enterprises having more than 500 million Yuan sales per year is 148.8%, raising 17.4%, which sets the highest record. The sale of products is 706.533 billion Yuan, achieving a 34.2% increase. The profit tax is 74.287 billion Yuan, achieving 34.9%. The linking of products sale works well, the ratio of industrial product sale is 98.5%, achieving a 0.2% increase. The increment of architecture industry during the whole year is 65.317 billion Yuan, achieving an increase of 11.0%. The qualified architectural enterprises gain the profit tax of 3.92 billion Yuan, achieving a 31.7% increase.

3.2.1.4 Education and health

Education keeps developing in a relatively rapid pace. 5408 graduates will be enrolled in the whole province, 11853 graduates are still on study on campus and 2036 have graduated. 257.4 thousand students will be enrolled for common higher education;

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702.8 thousand are undergraduates and 134.3 thousand graduates. 151 thousand students will be enrolled in adult higher education, 337.4 thousand students are still on study, and 86.8 thousand will graduate. 439.6 thousand students will be enrolled in all kinds of middle professional education, and 1099.5 thousand are still on study, and 292.7 thousand will graduate. There are 613.3 thousand students enrolled in common junior schools, 1687.5 thousand students on study, 424.8 thousand graduated students. There are 1963.2 thousand students enrolled in junior schools, 5913.5 thousand on study, 1985.2 thousand graduated students. There are 1624.9 thousand students enrolled in common elementary schools, 10140.6 thousand on study and 2035.4 thousand graduated students. There are 2.7 thousand students enrolled in special education and 19.1 thousand on study. There are 1490.2 thousand children in kinder gardens. In the whole year 4817.7 thousand people completed the training in adult training schools. There are 136.7 thousand eliminated young and middle-aged illiterates. Health protection is developing continuously. At the end of the year there are 14119 health agencies in Henan province, including 3201 hospitals, 166 maternity and child care centers, 37 prophylaxis and treatment hospitals. There are 206.8 thousand hospital beds, 196.7 thousand of which are in hospitals. There are 288.8 thousand health professionals, in which there are 112.4 thousand practicing doctors and practicing assistant doctors, 78.0 thousand registered nurses. There are 182 sickness prevention and control centers (epidemic stations) 14.1 thousand health professionals. There are 33 health supervision and inspection agencies, in which there are 988 health professionals. There are 2065 hospitals in rural areas, in which there are 50.9 thousand hospital beds and 69.2 thousand health professionals.

3.2.1.5 Population, people's life and social security

The natural increase rate of population keeps decreasing. At the end of the year there are 97170 thousand people in whole province. 1130 thousand are newly born, the birth rate is 11.67%; 630 thousand are death population, the death rate is 6.47%; the net added population is 500 thousand, the natural increase rate is 5.2%. There is a population of 28090 thousand in cities and towns, occupying 28.9% among the total population. There are 69080 thousand people in rural areas, occupying 71.1% among the total population. Elder people above 65 years old occupy 7.4% of the total, i.e. 7190 thousand people. The living level of rural and town citizens have been improved. The governable income per capita of town citizens is 7704.9 Yuan, achieving a 11.2% increase. The consumption expenditure per capita of town citizens is 5294.2 Yuan, achieving a 7.1% increase. The net income per capita of rural citizens is 2553.15 Yuan, achieving a 14.2% increase; the consumption expenditure per capita of rural citizens is 1664.09 Yuan, achieving a 10.3% increase. The living condition of citizens is being improved. 31152.3 thousand square-meter- houses are completed in cities and towns, while 91770 thousand square meters in rural areas. 10553.7 square meters merchantable houses are sold, achieving a 22.3% increase. Social security is further developed. At the end of 2004, 7796.3 thousand people join in fundamental endowment insurance, in which there are 5984.3 insurance workers in active service and 1812 thousand retired workers. 6816.4 thousand people join in unemployment insurance, adding 20.4 thousand people. 5900 thousand people join in medical insurance, adding 231.5 thousand people, in which there are 4533 thousand workers in active service and 1367.9 retired workers. 0.91 billion Yuan lowest living

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 27 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan safeguard are given during the whole year, 1350 thousand people enjoin the lowest living safeguard, about 4.8% of the total population. Henan province government regulates: the rural residents having no labor ability and living source, at the same time, having no fostering responsibility, or those disabled, elder residents and minor although having fostering responsibility, if they live together, they can receive at least 1200 Yuan per year, but if they distributed, they can receive at least 1000 Yuan every year. The money resource turns from extra tax of agriculture to finance of their government. According to the statistics of the investigation, at present there are 492,600 families who enjoy the five guarantees, 517,600 people in the whole province, taking up 6.7% of the whole population. Social welfare business develops stably. There are 63.8 thousand welfare beds in all kinds of fostering welfare hospital, adopting 47.1 thousand people. 3155 service facilities in urban community are constructed, in which there are 349 community service centers. 3.21 billion Yuan are collected for social welfare. 18140 thousand Yuan are donated.

3.2.1.6 Resources and environment

There are 7179.2 thousand hectares for agricultural acreage in whole province. After the realization of occupying and supplementary balance 348.5 hectares are added. The work of returning land for farming to forestry is put into practice all round. 186.67 thousand hectares are returned to forestry. There is a tight relation between supply and demand in water resources. The total amount of water resources in the whole province is 40.5 billion cubic meters; per capita amount of water resources is 417 cubic meters; the average rainfall in the whole year is 807mm. The quality of the earth's surface water is steady as a whole. In the 83 quality expectation surveying and drawing sections of the four great Rivers under the Henan Provincial Government, 45.8% of them satisfy Class III of national water standard, achieving a 7.2% increase; 3.6% of them are Class IV, decreasing 3.6%; 8.4% are Class V, increasing 1.2%; 42.2% are those above Class V, increasing 4.8%. The protection of city environment is reinforced. 4 of the 18 construction areas under Henan Province reach Standard II of air quality; 8 of them reach Standard III. 230 noise attainment areas are completed, and there are 1416.3 square meters of the attainment area, achieving 48.4% and 44.2% increases respectively. 212 soot controls are completed in Henan Province, occupying 1813.1 square kilometers, achieving 32.5% and 29.8% respectively. The protection of ecological environment is continuously reinforced. 304.48 thousand hectares man-made forest is completed. At the end of the year 22 national ecological demonstration plots are ratified, achieving a 22.2% increase; there are 32 natural protection areas, occupying 718.06 thousand hectare, 8 of them are national natural protection areas; there are 6 national geology parks in Henan Province. (Note: Absolute number of Henan Province total output value and added value of all kinds of industries is calculated according to the present prices, the increase rate is calculated according to comparable prices.)

3. 3 Overview of Each County In the 38 sample counties or cities investigated, the average area of each sample

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 28 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan county or city is 1424.77km s; at the end of 2004, total population of each sample county or city on an average in 749.3 thousand people and the annual average population of each sample county or city is 730.2 thousand people. The average of employees in the first industry is 320.5 thousand people, in the second industry 60.5 thousand people (including people working in other places) and in the third industry 73.6 thousand people (including people working in other places). The per capita annual output value of the first industry is 3945 Yuan, 25059 Yuan of the second industry and 14004.99 Yuan of the third industry. The per capita GDP is 5403.39 Yuan. Table 3-3-1. The annual average employees and the annual average output value of the project counties or cities in 2004 items the first industry the second industry the third industry

Employees (10 thousand) 32.05 6.05 7.36

per capita annual output 3945.66 25059.52 14004.99

value (Yuan)

employees (10 thousand)

35 30 25 . 20 15 10 5T 0 The first industry The second industry The third industry

Per capita annual output value( Yuan) in 2004

30000 I 25000 20000 - 15000 10000 5000 F 0 The first industry The second industry The third industry

The GDP and per capita GDP of each County/town in the project district are lower

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than the per capita of the province. First, some counties in the district are poor counties of the national level, and some are of the provincial level. Second, some counties in the project district depend mostly on the agriculture production. Their industry and the second, the third industry are lagged far behind the cities tin the town. So their GNP and the per capita GDP are lower than the provincial per capita. Therefore, the per capita net income of the town inhabitants and peasants are lower than those of the cities while the per capita peasant net income is lower than that of the town inhabitants. The statistics and the research show that the net income of peasants is lower than half the income of the town inhabitants. According to the statistics of the 38 project counties or cities, in 2004, the annual per capita net income of the urban residents is 5019.2 Yuan, the average Engel'E coefficient is 0.37; the annual per capita net income of the moving residents is 3259.6 Yuan, the average Engel's coefficient is 0.43; the annual per capita net income of the resettlements is 2299.2 Yuan, the average Engel's coefficient is 0.44; they are generally at the well-to do level. (Details of the major social economy indexes of each project district in 2004 are shown in attached table 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3; the annual per capita net income is shown in Part V). The basic information of each County is offered in the appendixes to chapter 3. According to the statistics of the investigation, the project counties or. cities are in badly short of water supplies. The popularization rate of tap water on an average is 31.12%, and the shallow groundwater is polluted in varying degrees. So the project counties or cities are badly in need of the construction of waterworks or sewage treatment plants.

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4 The economic characteristics of each benefit-related group

4. 1 The population structure and socio economic characteristics of the

sample urban families

4. 1. 1 The population structure, educational level and work characteristics of the sample urban families 1. The population structure of the urban sample families This project of social evaluation evolves a sample of 38 counties, 20 families in each country. In this research, 760 families and 2572 people are surveyed, 3.38 people per family on average, which is slightly higher than that of the reported number of the whole province. And it's the phenomenon of overbearing that takes the responsibility for this. In the surveyed families, there are 1324 males relative to 1248 females, with a man to woman ratio of 1:0.94, which remains nearly level with that of the population statistics. As for the age structure, there are 475 children (1-16 years old), occupying 18.47% of the total; 1938 adults (17-60 years old), accounting for 75.35% of the total; and 159 old people (above the age of 60), making up 6.18% of the total, lower than the proportion 7.4% of the old made known by Henan Province in 2004. This shows that the aging problems in towns and counties are less serious than that in cities. 2. The education level of the urban sample families In the surveyed, 144 people have less than primary education, occupying 5.6% of the total; 309 people have primary education, accounting for 12.01% of the total; 1905 people have secondary education, making up 74.07% of the total; and 214 people have higher education, taking up 8.32% of the total. In summary, 0.19 person per family have less than primary education, occupying 5.59% of the average education level of the total surveyed families; 0.41 person per family have primary education, accounting for 11.99% of the total average; 2.51 people per family have secondary education, making up 73.94% of the total average; 0.28 person per family has higher education, taking up 8.31% of the total average. (See attached table 4-1-1-1 to 4-1-1-2), detailed information as follows:

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Education of the sample urban inhabitants

2500

2000

1500

1000 500 V~.4;

Below Pchoni hi ghschool university

3. The work characteristics of the urban sample residents and monthly income According to the statistics of the sample counties (or cities) in the projects, the work characteristics of urban inhabitants and workers in these counties (or cities) are almost the same, which can be generally divided into the following five categories: (1) Staff in government and institutions. This includes the people who work in local government and their functional bodies, as well the staff in the institutions of culture and education, hygiene and public welfare. (2) Staff in enterprise. It refers to the staff working in factories, enterprises (including state enterprises, privately-owned enterprises and foreign enterprises) of the counties or cities, either formal or informal. And these people take the major part in each of the sample counties or cities of the project. (3) Businessman. The Businessmen are mainly engaged in services such as restaurants, clothing, stores, transportation (not to list specifically in the town), meat, food and vegetable management, etc. (4) Employees working temporarily. They refer to those working temporarily in companies according to social customs. Some of them are the laid-off workers from some factories and enterprises, and the left are the young people in the cities and towns not having found regular work. Employees are divided into two kinds: native workers and workers from other places. Among the native workers, the male mainly distributes in construction, the female mainly distributes in the service. Under general circumstance, the workers who work in other places have the higher technical ability of production, higher cultural level and technical level, compared with those who work at native places. Certainly the healthy condition and the family condition are also factors that determine whether the workers go to other places to work. Among the employees, the male are mainly engaged in construction, the machinery processing, sales and services, computers and maintenance etc, while the female mainly work in the clothing process, store service, the guest house and hotel services, etc. (5) The unemployed and the future employees. They are mainly some laid-off workers who fail to find work temporarily, the college graduates failing to find

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work and other people. The working condition of the urban inhabitants in the counties of every project can be generally divided into five types, but because of the differences on regional economy and social development in the sample counties. The percentage of the five types of people mentioned above in each County (city) also varies. As for the employees in government and institutions in the sample counties (or cities) of the whole province, their salary standard that is regulated by our country and the provincial government is the same in various counties. To the workers in the enterprises of every sample county of the whole province, there is great difference on their salary. Because their salary is related with the benefit of the enterprises, the employees who have technology of the same level have the different salary in different enterprises. In addition, due to the regional differences, in enterprises of the same kind in the sample counties (or cities), the salary also differs greatly. In these sample counties (or cities), the workers' salary ranges from 400Yuan to 2000Yuan. That is to say, between the enterprises who have good economic benefit and those who have bad economic benefit, the salary of the workers with high techniques is five times higher than that of the employees. When it comes to business and transport, tin the town's greater difference in the worker's income. For the owners that go into business and transport, their monthly income depends-on the benefit. In the sample inhabitants in the investigation, the highest monthly income of owners of the dining and business have reached nearly 100,000 Yuan (this kind of data has been picked out in the statistics); To the owners of transport, the profit of each freight transportation truck monthly is between 1000and 3000 Yuan. To the owners of the passenger bus, the profit is between 3000 and 5000 Yuan; The monthly profit of other businessman differs more from each other, which is related with their management capital, management strategy and the management species; and their profits differ couples times, the monthly profit of the owner with small amount of capital is only 500 Yuan, while the monthly profit of the owner with large amount of capital is 500,000 to 800,000 Yuan (but this kind is not included in the statistics).. There is great difference in the income of the temporary employees. Due to the differences of geographic location, regional environment, the employees' working place, and their working types, their income also has great differences, which are analyzed in details as follows: The sample counties (or cities) of Northern Henan Province are close to Xinxiang City, which is an important industrial city of the Northern Henan Province. Xinfei refrigerator factory and Xinxiang steel factory are the main pillars of the city's industry. The farmers of the sample counties (or cities) mainly go to work in the native counties, Xinxiang City, and Zhengzhou City, and are engaged in construction, service or as transportation. The salary of the skilled worker is between 500 and 1000 Yuan, and the technical worker's is between 800 and 1000 Yuan. The working type of the employees in the sample counties (or cities) in Eastern Henan province is basically similar to that of the Northern Henan province, and the salary is similar as well, the difference is only the place win the town they work - they mainly go to Kaifeng City and Zhengzhou City. Zhengzhou City is the center of culture, politics and

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 33 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan transportation of Henan Province, and Kaifeng is the capital of seven dynasties, thus having abundant tourism resources. The transportation center position of Zhengzhou and Kaifeng provides attractive working environment. In Eastern Henan Province, the employees in Shangqiu City and Zhoukou City mainly go to work in the local places; the working types and the salary are also almost the same as other cities mentioned above. But there are some people (account for 20% of the employees) who go to Nanking City, City in Jiangsu Province or City to seek a job, their salary is between 1000 and 2500 Yuan, far higher than those who work in local places. In Western Henan Province, the sample counties of Luoyang City and Sanmenxia City have abundant minerals, mainly including coalmine, aluminum mineral and sulfur mineral. The local people'mainly go to work in the local County, nearby city and mines (but mainly engaged in the business management and transportation, some inhabitants buy the trucks to carry the mineral stone and passengers, business management is mainly the dining industry and the clothing industry), Their work is mainly construction, mining, and loading and unloading the mineral stone, with a salary between 1000 and 2000 Yuan. The employees in Xinyang Region in Eastern Southen Henan Province mainly go to Xinyang, City in Zhejiang Province and City in Wuhan Province to seek a job. They are mainly engaged in construction, clothing process, shoes and hats process, and some women in the dining service. Their salary is between 1000 and 3000 Yuan, which is related with their working location and their working skills. The detailed descriptions of the employment conditions of the sample counties (or cities) are stated in the appendixes to chapter 4: The statistical survey suggests: In the urban sample families, the average family number ranges from 2.7 to 4.0, and the man-woman ratio from 1:0.86 to 1:1.07. The birthrate of girls is lower than that of boys and thus the ratio of male to female is unbalanced. The population structure is rational on a whole ---- the ratio of children over the total sample population ranges from 10.29% to 27.78%, the labor force varies from 66.67% to 85.71%, and the old ranges from 1.59% to 12.00%. And this is because some town citizens give birth to a second child without permission, which helps rationalize the County's population structure relative to that of the media- and large- city, and keep a relative low rate of the aged. Based on survey, the nine-year compulsory education has been popularized in the County, which enables adults and youth to receive junior high education. Out of the surveyed citizens, 60.27%-84.06% have the junior high or senior high education certificate; on the average, 8.31% graduate from junior college or undergraduate college, 60% of who get adult education certificates. The total population in the 38 urban sample counties is 4 087 600, with an average of 107600 in each County; the number of staff in government and institutions is 121 900, 3200 per County on average, occupying 2.98% of the total population, which remains almost the same with the statistics of the whole province in the year of 2003; The number of workers in enterprises and factories is 1 323 200, with an average of 34800 in each County, which occupies 32.37% of the total population. Businessmen reached 314 200, each County having 8300 on average, about 7:69% of the total population; The employees who work in local places add up to 550 200, with an average of 14 500 per County,

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 34 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

making up 13.46% of the total population; And those who work in other places reached 287 600, with an average of 7600 per County, taking up 7.04% of the total population; Workers who go into transportation reached 148 800, 3900 per County on an average, occupying 3.46% of the total population; The number of children, students, old men and the unemployed is 1 341 800, with an average of 33 500 per County, accounting for 32.83% of the total population; the unemployment rate is 3.4%(see table 4-1-2-1).

Table 4-1-1-1 The work characteristics of the town residents in the 38 sample counties (or cities) Unit: ten thousand people . workers in.emlys population workers employees County government Business- transport in County enterprise local other -others (city) and means workers city n n and factory place places mnstitution total 408.76 12.19 132.32 31.42 55.02 28.76 14.88 134.18 population______per capita 10.76 0.32 3.48 0.83 1.45 0.76 0.39 3.53 population percentage of the total 2.98% 32.37% 7.69% 13.46% 7.04% 3.64% 32.83% population I _ _ _

Among the inhabitants in the sample counties (or cities) of the project, most of them work in enterprises and factories, and those doing manual work ranks the second. But the surveyed counties (or cities) differ in their understanding of employment. When making statistics, some counties think only those who work in the original state enterprises can be regarded as workers in enterprises and factories, and those who work in private and foreign enterprises are just employees; but it is not the case in other counties (or cities). Therefore, the number of people who can all be called workers in enterprises takes up 52.87% of the total population of the sample counties (or cities).

The work characteristics of the town residents

35. 00%

30. 00%

25. 00% e

20. 00%

15. 00%

10. 00%

5.00%

0,00% workers worke Business Emp.loyes Employees t rsr o orke others governmrnt and enterprise enn Local place institutiol and factory

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 35 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

4. 1. 2 Income of urban workers and Housing Condition of

urban inhabitants

Of the town inhabitants involved in this project, some work in government section, public institution and enterprise, some are engaged in business and transportation, others are being employees or odd-jobbers. In regard to the income condition, government staff and the personnel in business and transportation earn more, employees earn less, and the idle personnel almost have no income. The income of the officers and the enterprise staff is more stable but their working strength is lower, while the personnel in business and transportation can earn more but their working strength is higher. Among the workers of business and transport service, their earnings are different because of the different professions, managing methods and different time of a year. Among the employers, local employees usually earn less than non-local ones; skilled workers can earn more than ordinary workers. Such difference is not great in one city. Details are shown in Table 4-1-2-1. The income structure and difference of the town inhabitants will be analyzed in detail in Part Five. As the social investigation shows: the government officials and the workers of public institutions have per capita income of 16282.2 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprises have per capita income of 10609.7 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 26238 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7329.4 Yuan a year, and that of a local well-trained worker is 6398.3 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19867.7 Yuan a year, and that of a well-trained worker is 11440.1 Yuan a year. The workers in transportation have per capita income of 34314.1 Yuan a year; the odd-jobbers can only earn 3163.6 Yuan a year. The work characteristics of the town residents 40000. 0 35000. 0

30000. 0

25000. 0

20000.0 -

15000.0

10000.0

5000.0

0. 0 workersof the orkers of the busnessm local the local the skilled the well- the employers others cven.ententerprise skilled well-skilled workers of skilled of the sectionand the workers workers other laces workers of transportation oulic other laces

As the above chart says, the workers in transportation can earn the most a year, then comes the business sector. Actually it is rather difficult for us to know how much the businessman can earn a year, because they don't want to tell. The reasons are, firstly, it is a business secret; secondly, as Chinese, they don't want to be known for being rich.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 36 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

There are two kinds of houses for urban workers and residents. Some o-yn their own houses and some rent houses to live in. The houses fall into 3 kinds according to the building materials: houses of brick-wood structure, of brick-concrete structure and of other materials (and details are shown in Table 4-1-2-2). The analysis of social investigation shows that the average housing area for each sample county (city) in this project is 29.24 m2 . 93.08%of the town inhabitants have their own houses, 6.92% are tenants. 88.87% of the houses are of brick-concrete structure; only 11.13% are of brick-wood structure. The inhabitant's housing condition is better than those in big and moderate cities. Details of incomes of urban workers and housing condition of urban inhabitants are shown in the appendixes to chapter 4.

4. 2 The population structure and the social and economic

characteristics of moving inhabitants and rural inhabitants

4. 2. 1 The population structure and education of moving inhabitants and rural inhabitants The moving and rural inhabitants refer to the peasants working temporarily in counties and towns and living in the countryside. Their registered permanent residence is in the countryside, and they have cultivated fields to produce cultural products. Some of them work the whole year in the counties or towns, while some go to counties or towns to work in slack seasons in farming but come back to the countryside .to work in the field, and still in some others families, some people go out to work while some stay at home to work in the field. Their population structure and the social and economic characteristics are as follows: 1. The population structure of moving inhabitants and rural inhabitants In the 380 moving and rural sample families investigated, there are 1516 sample people; i.e., there is an average of 3.99 people in per family; the male: 777 people, the female 739 people; the proportion of male to female is 1:0.95 which is basically the same with the proportion issued by Henan Province; there are 301 teenagers from the age ofl to 16, 1130 adults and 85 old people above the age of 60; The teenagers take up 19.85% of the total sample inhabitants, the adults 74.54% and the old people 5.61%, these proportions are basically the same with the statistical results issued by Henan Province. (Details are shown in table 4-2-1-1). In all the sample families investigated, there is an average of from 3.5 to 4.3 people in per family; the proportion of male to female varies from 1:0.78 to 1:1.11; the proportion of children to the total sample inhabitants varies from 10.00% to 26.32%; the proportion of the working inhabitants to the total sample inhabitants varies from 65.79% to 85.00%; the proportion of the old to the-total sample inhabitants varies from 2.22% to 14.29%. The population structure is basically reasonable. 2. The education of moving inhabitants and rural inhabitants In the moving and rural sample families, the total population is 1516 people. Among these people, 120 people are under elementary school education and take up 7.92% of the total population; 212 people have received elementary school education and take up 7.92%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 37 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

of the total population; 1132 people have received high school education and take up 74.64% of the total population; 52 people have received college education and take up 3.46% of the total population. In a word, among the residents of all the sample counties, there are 64.29%-86.67% population who have received middle school education or high school education and there are 3.46% population in average who have received junior college education or college education (Details are shown in table 4-2-1- 2)

Eckation of the sanpl ei nab itants

12M0

1000

n Below Pri nary schoni H gh school university

4.2.2 The social and economic characteristics of moving

inhabitants and rural families

Those who frequently go to and fro between city and rural area still have their residence in the countryside. They go to the County (or city) to be employees, do business or transportation service during the slack season or for years. Their basic differences from the city inhabitants are: Firstly, they are of countryside residence, not permanent living inhabitants in the city and having no right to enjoy the welfare for the city inhabitants, for example, the lowest living assurance, etc. Secondly, the feature of their occupation is instability; their jobs and working places can be changed at any time. Therefore, their income is not stable. They are of the type of people that are changing with the change of economic environment, social surroundings and production conditions. Their work opportunities, occupations and kinds of their business management also change with that of the market economic environment as well as their salaries and profits. They adjust their occupations and business to the change of market economy. The original motive to spur them to work and do business is the economic profits of the market economy. The principle of their choice for occupations and types of business is "protect the interests of both sides and choose the better one at the same time". They can either go to the city to work or go back to hometown to farm. The economic risk of their going to city to work and do business exists all the time. For example, it occasionally happens that the employee's salary is delayed. Of the employees, some have to eat or even sleep outside; some have to suffer from the coldness. Even so, they still work hard. Of the businessmen,

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 38 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan some may make a fortune after a long and tough time, some may be doing very well, and some may have lost all their original capital. These employees and businessmen are the brave creators of the socialist market economy. At the same time, they are the hardest ones of the city workers and business people. They go back to farm when it is the busiest harvest time, and then come back to city to work; only they themselves know the hardships and risks. Their occupations and types of businesses are the following ones: Business: Mostly, they manage grocery store, restaurant, clothes shop and some services as well as some small business such as selling vegetables, meat. *Transportation: It has two kinds, transporting goods or passengers. The destination of the latter one is usually to the nearby places, and its passengers are mostly going-out workers, businessmen and on-business people, etc. Compared with goods transportation, the source and service object are stable. Goods transportation mainly refers to construction materials transportation and merchandise transportation, their transporting destinations are not fixed. * Machining and machinery repairing: They mainly do some simple machining and making as well as agricultural machinery and truck repairing. * Be employees: These people always work for restaurant, some certain services, construction and some other companies, enterprises. The employees are divided into two parts: technicians and non-technicians. The former have better working conditions and incomes than that of the latter. The people who often travel to and fro between the city and town and the countryside engage in trade, transportation, machining and manual work. They are not fairly well off. The less idle funds and limited investment and business scope restrict their income. Furthermore, they have no time. to do domestic stock and poultry breading and industrial crop planting due to their working outside far from homes all the year round. Yet they have certain farming income per year. Among their jobs, the income of dealers is more than that of employees; the income of skilled employees is more than that of the unskilled ones. But one thing to be mentioned, those surveyed dealers mostly deal in fruits, vegetables sales or at small restaurants, groceries, but they wouldn't exactly report their net profit, the statistic figure is rather low. The details of the differences in the income of the inhabitants moving shown in the to and fro between cities and countryside is analyzed in Part V. The details of their employment, management and income are shown in the appendixes 4.2. The analysis of the social investigation shows: For each sample county in this project investigated, people going to and fro between city and rural area come up to 454.760 thousand, 63.790 thousand of which being businessmen, 53.930 thousand engaged in transportation, the total number of employees amounting to 296.420 thousand, and 40.440 thousand people taking up other occupations. The average figure for each of these occupations in every County is as follows: The number of inhabitants going to and fro between cities and countryside is 11.970 thousand, 1,680 of which is businessmen, occupying 13.8% of the total; 53.930 thousand works in transportation, occupying 11.7% of the total; 7,800 is employees, occupying 64.7%; 1,060 is taking other occupations, occupying 9.8%. From the above we can find, being employed is the main way to take jobs for the people going to and fro between cities and countryside, doing small trades

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 39 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan follows. Details are shown in Table 4-2-1-3.

40000. 0

35000. 0

30000. 0

25000. 0 20000.0

15000.0

10000.0

5000.0

0.0 Trarspotati on Trackngstaff Skilled orkers of Qher techtcal ther skiIIed w pesorrue td I I ngand n t ny r kers orkers

According to the survey of the sample counties, the per capita annual net income is RMB3431.1 in transportation service while the per capita annual net income is RMB 13119.2 in dealing in vegetables, fruits sales and at small restaurants, grocery stores. But through the observation, their net income reported by the owners is 20%-30% lower than their real income. In recent years, the income of mechanics is on the rise due to the shortage of machining technicians. Likewise the income of building technicians is on the rise; their average annual net income is RMB 13953.4. The income of other technicians is lower, about RM B7329.4. Some heads of skilled workers are often behind in payment, so their wages are very low and their average annual net income is RMB6398.3. Details are shown in Table 4-2-1-4.

4. 3 The population structure and social and economic characteristic

of the sample settlement families

4. 3. 1 The population structure and education of the sample settlenient families

All the 689 residents in the 107 sample families are the resettlements because their land was taken over for waterworks or sewage treatment plants. There are 4.05 people in each sample family; the average of people in each family is more than that in the urban families and the moving families. Among the 689 resettlements investigated there are 361 male people and 328 female people and the proportion of male to female is 1:0.91 which is a little higher than that in counties and towns. This is because some rural women go to the town because of marriage. Among the sample families there are 129young pieople below the age of 16, taking up 18.72%; 527 adults from the age of 17 to 60 take up 76.49%; 33 old people above the age of 60 take up 4.79%. Details are shown in attached Table 4-3-1-1. Among the 689 sample resettlements, 69 people under the level of elementary school take up 10.01%; 136 people graduating. from elementary school take up 19.74%. They are

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 40 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan mainly childien and the old. 469 people graduating from high school take up 68.07%. The widespread of nine-year compulsory education in the countryside provides an opportunity for the young and the middle-aged to go to high school. 15 children of the sample resettlements studying at colleges or universities take up 2.18%. Compared with the education degree of urban inhabitants and inhabitants who often move to and fro between the city and the town, their education degree is lower. Details are shown in Table 4-3-1-2

Edcai on of the sanpl e restti enrts

4s;n 4n

,;n ?nn in r%n T -

Below s hi ghschool university

Among the 38 project counties or cities, only in MengJin County there are 23 families with the inhabitants of 92 having to move because of the occupation of sewage treatment plant. As originally planned, MengJin sewage treatment plant will be built on the cultivated land of this village, but NO.7 production group of this village used to live in the remote hillside. According to the village plan, they are willing to move to the administrative village with transport facilities. The sewage treatment plant can be built on the original site of NO.7 production group so as to avoid occupying the cultivated land. It's indeed a "kill two birds with one stone" decision. The sample resettlements of the waterworks and sewage treatment plants are the subjects of this investigation, because the research reports of each individual waterworks or sewage treatment plant have not been finished and the land for water sources have not been decided.

4. 3. 2 The economic characteristic of the sample settlement

families

The income of settlement families is roughly equivalent to the income of country-to -town families in business and transportation and other fields. They engage in agricultural production as well as sideline production such as planting vegetables and crops and domestic breading and other plantings. They sell their side products and stocks and poultry and eggs to the town, this kind of income accounts for 30%-40% of total income while other income such as business, transportation and catering trade account for 60%-70% of total income. Most women do farming, domestic breading and planting at home, a small number of women (15% of the whole women) take their side products to the town market, even smaller number of women (10% of the whole women) open small shops to do

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 41 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan business dealing. The project has little effect on the settlers because a small number of families have to move. Therefore, their economic development and structure remain as before. And we don't dwell on it.

4. 4 Consumption Structure of the Sample Families

The permutation order of the inhabitants' income should be the urban inhabitants, the moving residents and then the migrants. Because the moving residents still cultivate land in the countryside, their annual incomes include agricultural incomes, so 20% of them have higher income than the urban inhabitants. Among the migrant sample families investigated, some migrants live in the places that are "city villages", and.some in the outskirts. They often go to town to do business or to work as temporary laborers. So 25%-30% of them have higher income than the urban inhabitants. But generally speaking, according to the average of the per capita income, the order should be so (Details are shown in part V). So, their consumption levels are also arranged as above. 1. Consumption Structure of the sample urban families This questionnaire has offered a detailed investigation about the consumption kinds of urban inhabitants. The consumption contents include everything about the daily necessities. As classified into 10 kinds of statistics, they are staple & non-staple food costs (water charges included), clothes expenditures, groceries costs, transportation fares, electricity cost, medical care expenditures, furniture costs, tuition fee and telephone expenditures. From table 4-4-1-1 it can be found: the staple & non-staple food expenditure accounts for 35.89% of the total, at the rich level wholly; clothing expenditure ranks the second, accounting for 13.79% of the total; the telephone rate ranks the third, accounting for 13.27% of the total, which means communication expenditure has become the main expenditure of their daily expenditures; after that follows the tuition fee, and it accounts for 9.46% of the total. The educational investment of the urban inhabitants is increasing year by year. It is partly influenced by the education expenditures. Transportation expenditures rank the last and it only accounts for 2.46% of the total. The per capita balance of urban inhabitants is 2007.9 Yuan in 2004. See Table 4-4-1-1 Table 4-4-1 -1 The consumption structure of the sample urban families

T Population staple & Clothes groceries Fuel ransportation Electricity medical treatment furniture tuition telephone total

2572 1080.8 415.2 194.7 116.7 74.1 100.7 132.1 212.7 284.9 399.5 3011.3

Percentage % 35.89 13.79 6.46 3.87 2.46 3.34 4.39 7.06 9.46 13.27 , 100

The per capita net income of all the sample urban inhabitants of all the sample counties and cities in the project is 5019.2 Yuan in 2004; the per capita expenditure of staple & non-staple food is 1080.8 Yuan, the per capita annual water charges are 25.8 Yuan, and other expenditures are 2052.9 Yuan; water charges account for 2.39% of.the staple & non-staple food expenditure, 0.27% of the total. So, on the whole, urban inhabitants have the ability to pay current water charges. In fact inhabitants are satisfied with the current water price while surveying and studying. The average Engel coefficient of all sample counties is 0.36. The detailed expenditures of the sample urban families and the percentage

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 42 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan of the expenditures over the total expenditures are shown in the attached Tables 4-4-1-4, 4-4-1-5, 4-4-1-6.

The consumption structure of the sample urban families

40. 00% 35. 00% 30. 00%

25. 00% 20. 00% 15. 00% 10.00% 5.00%

0.00% Staple Clothes Grocery Fuel Transportati Electrici Medical Furniture Tuiton Telephon Wate on ty treatment

Note: The proportion of the water charges refers to the percentage of the water charges to the expenditure of staple & non-staple food; The proportion of other consumption refers to the percentage of other consumption to the total expenditures. It is the same in the following.

2. Consumption Structure of the moving and rural inhabitants The table of investigation gives a detailed investigation about the consumption types of inhabitants shuttling from towns to countryside. It concerns all basic necessities of life which are counted in 10 classes, that is, staple and non-staple food (including water consumption), clothes, articles of everyday, communication, electricity, medi6al, furniture, education and telephone. From table 4-4-1-2, we can see that the consumption of staple and non-staple food occupies 42.93% of the total, which is 7% more than that of town inhabitants, which is wholly in the state of relatively comfortable life; the consumption of clothes is in the second position, which occupies 13.66% of the total; that of education is in the third position, which occupies 12.57% of the total, which is 3% more than that of town inhabitants, but the actual expenditures are essentially the same with that of town inhabitants; the consumption of telephone is in the fourth position, occupying 4.36% of the total, which is 9% less than that of town inhabitants. To conclude, the consumption level of the inhabitants shuttling from towns to countryside is not better than that of town inhabitants; the minorities of consumption in the total are communication and electricity, occupying 3.85% and 3.83% respectively. (Details are shown in Table 4-4-1-2). The following Table shows the consumption of the sample families going to and fro between towns and countryside in each sample county. The per capita net income of all the sample moving inhabitants of all the sample counties and cities in the project is 3259.6 Yuan in 2004; the per capita expenditure of staple & non-staple food is 634.9 Yuan, much less than 1080.8 Yuan of the sample urban inhabitants. That is because most of their relatives are in the countryside; the per capita annual water charges are is 13.8 Yuan, 12 Yuan less than that of town inhabitants, and the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 43 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

reasons are same as the previous ones; the expenditure of other items consumption is 1461.8 Yuan, 591 Yuan less than that of town inhabitants. Although they live together with the town inhabitants in the same city, there is great difference between their expenditure, and maybe this is because their relatives and children do not often live in the cities or towns; the water expenditure occupies 2.18% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; less than that of the urban inhabitants. So on the whole, the inhabitants going to and fro between towns and the countryside have the ability to afford the present water price. Actually the inhabitants going to and fro between towns and the countryside show their satisfaction with the present water price; the average Engel coefficient of all sample counties is 0.43. The detailed expenditures of the sample moving families and the percentage of the expenditures over the total expenditures are shown in the attached Tables 4-4-1-7, 4-4-1-8 and 4-4-1-9. Table 4.4.1.2 Consumption structure of the moving residents

Staple -Article and Inhabita Clothe s of Traffi Electri Medic Furnit Educat Telephon non-st Fuel Total nts s everyd C city al ure ion e aple food ay 1516 634.9 202.1 60.6 63.6 56.9 56.6 63.0 91.1 185.9 64.4 1479.1 %of 42.93 13.66 4.09 4.30 3.85 3.83 4.26 6.16 12.57 4.36% 10 the total % % % % % % % % %

Structure of Sample Families of Town Inhabitants 50. 00% 45. 00% 40. 00% 35. 00% 30.00% 25. 00% 20. 00% 15. 00% -

10. 00%

5.00% 0. 00% Main and Clothes Arficles Fuel Con-nnicatio Electricity Medical Furniure Educadon Telephoe Wat non-sutple

Note: The percentage of the water charges refers to that of the charges of water to the expenditure of staple & non-staple food ; the percentage of other consumption refers to the percentage in the total. It is the same in the following.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 44 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

3. Consumption Structure of the moving and rural inhabitants The survey also involves resettlements' consuming type---daily necessities and other expenditures that can be divided into 10 categories: staple and non-staple food (water charge included), clothing, incidental expenditures, traffic, power, medicine, furniture, tuition and telephone. Figure 4-4-1-3 shows that staple and non-staple food occupies 44.34% of the total expenditure and 1.5% higher than that of the moving inhabitants and 8.5% higher than that of urban inhabitants. It indicates the living standard of the resettlements belongs to the level of well-being. The tuition ranks the second and occupies 14.07% among the total. Clothing ranks the third with the rate of 12.54%. The other expenditures share the same rate but lower than those of moving inhabitants and urban inhabitants. Therefore, the consuming level of the resettlements is lower than that of moving inhabitants and urban inhabitants. The average expenditure per capita of the whole year is 1399.74 Yuan with an average surplus of 899.4 Yuan. (Details are shown in Table4-4-1-3)

Table 4-4-1-3 The consuming structure of sample urban families

total Population staple & non-staple food Clothes groceries Fuel Transportation Electricity medical treatment furniture tuition telephone

689 601.5 177.4 63.6 69 46.2 45.9 52.6 68.8 195.8 79.01 1399.7

Percentage 44.34 12.54 4.51 4.90 3.30 3.27 3.78 4.79 14.07 4.50 100%

families of sample urban consuming structure 550. 00%0 The 45. 00% 40.00% 35.00% 30. 00% 25.00% 20. 00% 15.00% 10. 00% 5.00% 0.00% staple & Clothes groceries Fuel Transpor Electri medical furniture tuition telephone non-stapl tation city treatment

e tood

Note: Charges of water refer to the cost of private wells, because it is small, there is no need to list it the table or chart.

Drinking water of all the resettlements is from wells of their own. The cost of their drinking water includes charge of power for water pumping and the investment and maintenance for the wells of their own. The per capita net income of all the sample resettlements of all the sample counties

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 45 Total 334 The Report on the Socal Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan and cities in the project is 2299.2 Yuan in 2004; the per capita expenditure of staple & non-staple food is 619.2 Yuan, slightly less than 634.9 Yuan of the sample moving inhabitants, but much less than 1080.8 Yuan of the sample urban inhabitants. That is because though the resettlements live in counties or towns, they plant vegetables and produce other agricultural products and by-products. The expenditure of these products is not included in the statistics. They are still at the consumption level of the countryside. They have their own wells and their annual per capita water charges is 1.7 Yuan, less than 10% of that for the inhabitants in cities and towns. The other expenditure is 1389 Yuan, 72.8 Yuan less than 1461.8 Yuan of the moving inhabitants and 663.1 Yuan less than 2052.9 Yuan of the inhabitants in cities and towns. In fact the living standards of resettlements and moving inhabitants are almost the same with each other (while resettlements have no expenditure of renting houses rent and of traffic) but lower than the living standard of the inhabitants in cities and towns. The average Engel coefficient for the resettlements of the sample counties is 0.44. The detailed expenditures of the sample resettlement families and the percentage of the expenditures over the total expenditures are shown in the attached Tables 4-4-1-10, 4-4-1-11 and 4-4-1-12.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 46 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

5 The Ability and Will to Pay Water Charges of the Sample

Residents in the Project Counties or Cities

5. 1 The will to pay water charges and the attitudes towards the

construction of the waterworks of the sample inhabitants in the

project counties or cities

The sample households' will of paying the water charges and their attitudes toward the construction of the tap waterworks vary greatly in all the sample counties or cities. So far as the family members are concerned, the couples and their children are different from each other in attitudes. Families having the same opinion only account for 25% of the total sample inhabitants. Generally speaking, they express their own opinions respectively. Informal discussions show that: men tend to be conservative; women tend to look for novelty, and so do the children. In the discussions, men express their satisfaction with the current situation, but those who have wells of their own (including the urban inhabitants, the moving inhabitants between towns and the countryside and the resettlements), especially the elderly male are indifferent towards the construction of tap waterworks. 15% of the middle-aged men also express the same attitude. As to whether to change to use tap water or not, their opinion is "both OK". But things are different with the housewives. They express great interests in the construction of tap waterworks and welcome tap water, and so do the children. Further talks show: men express their worries that though now the water charges is not high and they can afford, the fee will go up and then they will have heavy economic burden with the closing of their wells. Women believe that the water quality of their own wells is relatively low, which will affect their health, especially their children's. This is what they worry most about. The construction of tap waterworks will enable them to drink clean tap water, and will improve their health, so they believe "It doesn't matter to spend some more money." Besides, the realization of drinking tap water can reduce the women's burden of doing housework (women often pump water in those families who have wells of their own). So, women and children are the supporters of the construction of tap waterworks. According to the income, the low-income households express their worries about the rise of water charges. Wells of their own enable them to have the independence of using water. Once their own wells are closed and the water charges rise, they will have to shoulder heavy burden. In addition, tap waterworks often cut off water in the urban areas in summer so they also worry whether the water supply will be sufficient after the construction. Although they support the construction of tap waterworks, as to whether use it or not, they take a wait-and-see attitude. So the low-income households take equivocal attitude towards drinking tap water. The families of the medium and high income support the construction of tap waterworks and prefer tap water. They believe drinking tap water can improve their living standard and health. They say "tap waterworks should have been The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 47 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

constructed long time ago." The urban inhabitants, the moving inhabitants between towns and the countryside and the resettlement take a very different attitude. First of all, nearly all the urban inhabitants support the construction of tap waterworks and drinking tap water. Those who are now using tap water say that the construction of the tap waterworks can ease the situation of cutting off tap water in summer; and those who are using wells of their own say that they don't want to use the wells of their own but have to, because the pipe network has not laid near their houses, so they can not use tap water, and that even tap water is available to them, they have to use wells of their own because water supply is often cut off. So, -among the urban inhabitants, the young and the middle-aged inhabitants, men and women, all support the construction of tap waterworks and using tap water; only some old men say they don't care, and only a few old men say that they have used the wells of their own all their lives, so it is unnecessary to change. Second, the supporting rate of the moving inhabitants between towns and the countryside is lower than that of the urban inhabitants. In fact the moving people do not have wells of their own, because nearly all of them rent houses in cities and towns and the wells they use belong to their landlords; and some workers working in building site or service are accommodated by their employers. Because of the different solvency, the psychology of temporarily inhabiting and different water-drinking habit, their attitudes are different to a certain degree. Third, the supporting rate of the moving inhabitants is smaller than that of the urban inhabitants, and so is their demanding degree of tap water, because the tap waterworks have taken up their cultivated land, and their interests are affected. So though half of them express the idea of supporting the construction of tap waterworks and of needing tap water, they state the contribution they have made and hope to be given the favor in tap water using (Details are shown in Table 5-1-1). Among the sample resettlements, people who take not-care attitude increase, compared with the former two, and people who disagree increase too. They need the government's preferential. policies and they need the governments to do publicity work. They want to take part in the discussions about the construction of the tap.waterworks, especially in the full distribution of the compensations to the resettlements on time. Details are shown in Table 5-1-1. Table 5-1-1 Attitudes to the construction of the waterworks and the need for tap water in all the sample counties (or cities at county level)

For Or Against Demanding State For Or Against Demanding State (%) Populati (Population) (Population) Category on not for not care against yes no for not care against yes not care no care

Urban 2572 1873 563 136 1868 540 164 72.82 21.89 5.29 72.63 21.00 6.38 Moving 1516 1028 414 74 989 446 81 67.81 27.31 4.88 65.24 29.42 5.34 residents Resettle 689 395 245 49 409 230 50 37.59% 55.30% 7.11% 59.36% 33.38% 7.26% ment *

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 48 Total 334 Henan The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of

For or against the construction

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 . 10 LA 0 For Not care Against

0 urban Moving resettlement

Demanding state (%)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20

Yes Not care No

0 urban E moving E resettlement

5. 1. 1 The attitude toward the construction of the waterworks and the wills to pay water charges of sample urban inhabitants in all the project counties or cities Just as stated in the above chapter, generally speaking, people support the construction of the waterworks and the average supporting rate is 72.82%; among all the sample counties or cities, the lowest supporting rate is 58.75% (in Yuanyang County); the highest supporting rate is 84.06% (in Pingdingshan City). As a result, most of the urban inhabitants do support the construction of tap waterworks. In addition, another 21.89% of the sample inhabitants maintain that the construction has nothing to do with them, so they the do not care, and neither support nor oppose it. And still another 5. 29% is against construction. They think that they have used the wells of their own for generations, and all are healthy, so there is no need to build the waterworks. And after the completion of the construction, the governments will surely close the wells of their own, and then they will have to pay extra money for tap water. So, they hold a negative attitude. Same as the above: among the urban iphabitants, people who are willing to pay the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 49 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan water charges are nearly equal to those who support the construction of tap waterworks. An average of 72.63% are willing to use and pay for the tap water. There is a difference of only 0.19%, 5 persons, less than the average rate of supporting the construction. Among all the sample counties, the lowest supporting rate of paying the water charges is 55.26% and the highest is 85.71%. In all the sample counties, the rate of supporting the construction is different from that of using the tap water and paying for it. In some counties, they are nearly the same, and the biggest gap is 10%. People who take a not-care attitude toward whether to use or not account for 21% of the total sample inhabitants, which is almost equal to or only 0.89% less than that of supporting the construction. Similarly there is a difference between the inhabitants who takes a not-care attitude toward the construction and the inhabitants who takes a not-care attitude toward whether to drink the tap water or not, and the biggest gap is 13%. People against drinking tap water account for 6.38% of the total sample inhabitants. Their reasons against it have been stated above. The urban sample inhabitants' attitude toward the construction of the tap waterworks and their wills of paying the water charges are shown Table 5-1-1-1.

5. 1. 2 The attitude toward the construction of the waterworks and their wills to pay water charges of sample moving inhabitants in all the project counties or cities Generally speaking, the moving inhabitants between towns and the countryside support the construction of tap waterworks. Among all the sample counties or cities, the lowest supporting rate is 48.89%, and the highest is 92.5%. Owing to the different situations in different places, the supporting rate varies greatly in different places. This is closely related to the local water quality and the income of the moving inhabitants. The local income level and the water quality of their wells determine their attitude to the construction of tap waterworks. Generally speaking, the higher the income level and better the water quality, the more they support the construction of the tap waterworks, and vice versa. The rate of the moving inhabitants supporting the construction of the tap waterworks in all the sample counties or cities is 67.81%, lower than that of the urban inhabitants. This is mainly because the moving people have lower income than the urban inhabitanis. In addition, 27.31% of the moving inhabitants. express that the construction of the tap waterworks has nothing to do with them, because they are temporary urban inhabitants. As a result, there are a bigger proportion of the moving inhabitants who hold the not-care attitude than that of the urban inhabitants, and they neither oppose nor support the construction of the -tap waterworks. And another 4.88% of the moving sample inhabitants express opposing the project, lower than that of the urban inhabitants, and they don't strongly oppose if they oppose the construction. Actually they don't understand the construction and think it unnecessary. Same as the above: among the sample moving inhabitants, people who are willing to pay the water charges are nearly equal to those who support the construction of tap waterworks. An average of 65.24% are willing to use and pay for the tap water. There is a difference of only 2.57% less than the average rate of supporting the construction. Among all the sample counties, the lowest supporting rate of paying the water charges is 47.5% and the highest is 87.5%. Both of them are lower than that of the urban inhabitants. The

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 50 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan reasons have been stated above. Like the sample urban inhabitants, the rate Qf supporting the construction is different from that of using the tap water and paying for it. In some counties, they are nearly the same, and the biggest gap is 5%, less than that of the sample urban inhabitants. People, taking a not-care attitude towards whether to use or not, account for 29.42% of the total moving sample inhabitants, and that is higher than that of the sample urban inhabitants. There is a difference of 2.119%, less than the inhabitants taking a not-care attitude toward the construction. This difference is bigger than that of the sample urban inhabitants. Similarly there is a difference between the inhabitants who takes a not-care attitude toward the construction and the inhabitants who takes a not-care attitude toward whether to drink the tap water or not, and the biggest gap is 32%. This shows the difference in their income and their concern for the society. People against drinking tap water account for 5.34%, which is lower than the sample urban inhabitants by 1.04%. They don't oppose as strongly as the sample urban inhabitants do. The moving wills sample inhabitants' attitude toward the construction of the tap waterworks and their of paying the water charges in all the sample counties or cities are shown in Table 5-1-2-1.

5. 1. 3 The attitude toward the construction of the waterworks and the wills to pay the water charges of sample resettlements in all the project counties or cities The resettlements generally support the construction of the waterworks. Among the sample counties or cities, the rate of supporting the construction of the waterworks varies greatly from place to place because of the different conditions of each place. The reasons are same with the previous. The rate of all the resettlements supporting the construction of the waterworks is 35.56%, less than that of the urban inhabitants. This is mainly because the construction of the waterworks will cause inconvenience to their production and life. Moreover, 57.32%.of all the resettlements show indifference towards the construction of the waterworks, because the waterworks didn't. take up too much land, causing little - inconvenience, and all kinds of the compensation for resettlement are comparatively high. Then 7.11% of them oppose the construction of the waterworks because they cause their inconvenience. And some resettlements show their objection to the construction of the waterworks. More resettlements object to the construction of the waterworks than the sample urban inhabitants and the sample moving inhabitants. Very few resettlements show their severe objection, so the governments at all levels should work actively to persuade them and try to implement all kinds of compensation timely. The resettlements differ from the urban inhabitants and the moving inhabitants in the following: the average rate of supporting drinking tap water is 59.36%, higher than the rate of supporting the construction of the waterworks by 21.77%rks; some of them (about 22% of the total sample resettlements) show neither support nor opposition (i.e. indifference) towards constructing the waterworks, but they hope to drink tap water, that is, they are in mental conflict. And they want preferential price of water, as has been discussed above. The resettlements showing indifference towards drinking tap water make up 33.38% of all the sample resettlements, higher than the rate of the sample urban inhabitants and the moving residents. 7.26% of them show their opposition to drinking tap water, higher than the rate of the sample urban inhabitants and moving residents, because the waterworks make up their land to construct. They will support drinking tap water if the water is

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 51 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

supplied free. Details of the sample resettlement' attitude and their wills of paying the water charges are shown in Table 5-1-3-1.

5. 2 The analysis of the distribution of the annual per capita net income

and the ability to pay water charges of the sample families

The ability to pay water charges of inhabitants in the related counties is determined by their annual per capita net income. According to the analysis of the income of the sample urban inhabitants, the moving inhabitants and the resettlements, all of them have the ability to pay water charges except a few needy ones. This is because before water price is decided, each county will consider 2 things: the cost of tap water in each county under the municipality and the social & economic development of the county in question and the paying ability of the consumer family. Taking the cost, social economic level and endurance into consideration (Details are shown in Table 5-2), water price is appraised and decided by Price Bureau after a hearing is held. In addition, Table 5 shows the per capita net income of the sample urban inhabitants is 5019.2 Yuan with per capita 25.8 Yuan of water expenditure. We can see clearly that the former is much more than the latter. Furthermore, water charges make up merely 2.39% of expenditures of the staple and non-staple food; water charges makes up 0.87% of the total expenditure. Therefore, the sample urban inhabitants have the ability to pay water charges. On the other hand, the per capita net income of sample moving households is 3259.6 Yuan with per capita 13.8 Yuan. of water expenditure. We can see clearly that the former is much more than the latter. Water charges make up merely 2.18% of expenditures of the staple and non-staple food; water charges makes up 0.94% of the total expenditure. Table.5-2 Table of income and expenditure of the related counties Unit: Yuan per capita total Water Fee

Occupying Water Fee Non-staple Income Number of per Staple and Occupying Related Food Engel Items Sample capiita Non-staple Total Population Expenditure Water Coefficient Household Income other Total Food Expenditure per capita Fee Expenditure (%)

Cities & 760 2572 5019. 2 1080. 8 25. 8 2927. 1 2952. 9 2.39 0.87 0.37 Towns Moving 380 1516 3259. 6 634. 9 13. 8 1461. 8 1475. 6 2. 18 0. 94 0. 430 inhabitants Resettlement 170 689 2299.2 619.2 1.7 1398.0 1399.7 0.28 0. 12 0.44 So the sample moving households have the ability to pay water charges. But one point should be made known. The moving households spend only 8-10 months in the cities and towns each year, so their water expenditure is lower comparing with that.of the urban inhabitants. On the other hand, workers of the moving inhabitants, especially those working in construction sites, restaurants and shops, their board and lodging is arranged by their employers. Thus, their water expenditure is of no significance. The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 52 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

All the sample households of resettlement use their own wells and their water expenditure is to maintain water drainage equipments. Judging from the per capita net income of all the resettlements and the water- price of tap water, they also have paying ability. Given their own wells closed, the resettlements will use as much tap water as inhabitants in cities and towns.

Per capiita income

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0 Cities & Towns Moving between towns Resettlement and the countryside Comparing their per capita net income and per capita expenditure of the resettlements with the per capita water charges of the inhabitants in cities and towns, we can find that the per capita water charges of the urban inhabitants makes up 1.12% of the per capita net income of the per capita expenditure of the resettlements; the water charges of the inhabitants in cities and towns makes up 1.85% of the per capita total expenditure of resettlements. Therefore, resettlements have paying ability if their own wells are closed. The above-mentioned three kinds of inhabitants all have paying ability, but their paying willingness varies greatly. Generally speaking, the inhabitants in cities and towns support the project and the present water price; the moving inhabitants care less about closing their own wells and drinking tap water, because they are now basically drinking tap water; parts of those employed in the construction sites, shops and restaurants have their employers provide them board and lodging so they show no interest in it and think it doesn't matter. Though they have paying ability, the resettlements insist that they should get a discount or get water free of charge because waterworks have occupied their land and they have made contributions to the project. Parts of the resettlements insist that they should get a 50% discount while others demand that they should get certain amount of water free of charge, for example, 1 or 2 tons per person each month. If their demands cannot be met, they will go on using their own wells. (Since the resettlements still live in the countryside, they are still farmers.) Details will be shown as follows.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 53 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

5. 2. 1 Analysis of the annual per capita net income of the sample urban families and their ability to pay water charges:

5.2.1.1 The analysis of the distribution of the annual per capita net income of the sample urban families

Of all the sample households of the inhabitants in cities and towns of the sample counties (of cites), 425 households, 1435 people have the per capita annual net income less than or equal to that of all the sample households, making up 55.80% of all the sample people; 336 households, 1137 people have the per capita annual net income more than that of all the sample households, making up 44.20% of all the sample people. So there is a seriously unequal distribution. The needy inhabitants with the least per capita annual net income of all the sample households are those enjoying the minimum life-guarantee allowance of the poor counties at the country level (for example, Yuanyang County). Their monthly per capita net income is only 80 Yuan. The lowest guarantee allowance of the needy in Pingdingshan and Xinyang City is monthly per capita net income 150 Yuan a month. So the minimum life-guarantee allowance of the poor of all the sample counties or cities is 80 to 150 Yuan a month. The needy inhabitants enjoying the allowance make up 4.47% of the whole sample inhabitants. (The urban inhabitants of the entire province enjoying the minimum life-guarantee allowance make up 4.81% of that). Of the sample inhabitants, there are 4 households, 13 people, having the highest annual net income of 5-2-1-1 The annual per capita net income of the sample families in cities and towns number The annual per capita net income(Yuan) number of people Percentage of the total of households

960<1, 1800 34 115 447%

1800

3000<1344000 108 365 14.21%

4000<1 I4-5019.2 224 758 29.47%

5019.2< ls46000 136 460 17.89%

6000<16<8000 108 365 14.21%

8000<17-10000 76 257 10.00%

10000

total 760 2572 100.00% 26,00OYuan. The highest annual net income is 27 times as much as the lowest. So it's a big gap Details are shown in Table 5-2-1-1

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 54 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

The annual per capita net income of the sample households of Moving Residents

50. 00% 45. 00% 40. 00% 35. 00% 30. 00% 25. 00% 20.00% - 15.00% - 10.00% - 5.00% z rn __ 7] -

5.2.1.2 Analysis of the ability of the sample urban families to pay water charges

We can see from the distribution of the per capita annual net income of the sample families in cities and towns that 4.47% of belong to the group of needy families enjoying the guarantee allowance and that they have a weaker paying ability. According to the policies of People's Government of Henan province and of the related counties, each of the special needy households can get 3 tons of water free of charge per month, which can meet their daily demands. But they have to pay for the extra water, for example, water for baths, just like others do. As regard to the inhabitants in the poor counties at province and state level (actually included in the 4.47% mentioned above) whose income is a more or less than those who enjoy the minimum life-guarantee allowance, they have the ability to pay water charges. This is because the per capita water charges of the inhabitants in cites and towns is only 25.8 Yuan; additionally, they are poorer, thus they consume less daily water and their water charges is less than the average; so they can use the part of the per capita net.income above the guarantee allowance to pay for their tap water. Not to mention the families with high income. Therefore, the survey suggests that all the households in the related counties have the ability to pay water charges except some whose net income is below the lowest line of the guarantee allowance.

5. 2. 2 The analysis of the distribution of the annual per capita net income of the sample moving families and their ability to pay water charges

5.2.2.1 The analysis of the distribution of the annual per capita' annual net income of the sample moving inhabitants

net income equal to or less than that In the sample families with the per capita annual * of the whole sample households moving to and fro between towns and countryside, there

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 55 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan are 201 families, 802 people, making up 52.89% of the total; 179 households, 714 people whose income is above that of the whole sample households, make up 47.11% of the total. The distribution of the per capita net income of the sample families moving to and fro between towns and countryside is also like a pyramid and far from the rugby type, the reasonable distribution. The dispersion of the data is comparatively centralized, but the phenomenon of uneven distribution is superior to that of town sample households. Table 5-2-2-1 The distribution of the per capita annual net income of the sample households of Moving Inhabitants annual per capita Number of Number of people Percentage of the total net income(Yuan) households 1500

The annual per capita net income of the sample households of Moving Residents

50. 00% 45. 00% 40. 00% 35. 00% 30. 00% 25. 00% 20. 00% 15.00% 10. 00%

1Lii

Of the entire sample inhabitants surveyed in the related counties, the lowest per capita annual net income is 1,500 Yuan while the highest one is 15,000 Yuan. (There is only one such household with 3 people). The highest per capita annual net income is ten times as much as the lowest one. Details are shown in Table 5-2-2-1.

5.2.2.2 Analysis of the ability to pay water charges the sample moving families

The distribution of the annual per capita net income of the sample moving households shows that their living standard is above the line of the minimum life-guarantee (They are farmers and they don't enjoy the minimum life-guarantee allowance.) As mentioned above, those working in the construction sites, restaurants and other service areas have their water charges paid by their employers, and only their family members pay for the tap water

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 56 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan charges. If they lose their job, they will turn to farming. Therefore, the survey suggests that all the households moving between towns and the countryside in the related counties have the ability to pay for the tap water charges.

5. 2. 3 Analysis of the distribution of the per capita annual net income of the

sample resettlement households and their ability to pay water charges

5.2.3.1 Analysis of the distribution of the per capita annual net income of the sample resettlement households

Altogether there are 170 sample resettlement families, 689 persons; their Per capita annual net income is 2299.2 Yuan. Among them, 93 families, 377 persons, accounting for 54.71% of the total sample people, have the per capita annual net income less than or equal to that of the total sample families; 77 families, 312 persons, accounting f6r 45.29% of the total sample people, have the per capita annual net income more than that of the total sample families. So, the per capita annual net income of the sample resettlements is like the shape of an olive. The dispersion of the data is comparatively centralized, and the moving inhabitants have a comparatively mean income; 111 families, 550 persons, accounting for 65.29% of the total sample resettlement families, have an annual net income of 2,000 to 3,000 Yuan; the uneven phenomenon of social distribution is superior to that of the sample urban families. Among all the sample resettlements investigated in all sample counties (of cities at county level), the lowest per capita annual net income of the low-income households is 1,500 Yuan; the highest is 7,000 Yuan, and altogether there is I such family, 4 persons. The highest per capita annual net income is 4.67 times as much as that of the lowest. Details are shown in Table 5-2-3-1

Table 5-2-3-1 The distribution of the annual per capita net income of the sample resettlement households the annual per capita net income(Yuan) Household Number Population Percentage 1500

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 57 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

The annual per capita net income of the sample households of Moving Residents

40. 00% 35.00% 30.00% --- m 25.00% -- 20.00% - -_ _ _- _-- 15.00% ------10.00% - - 5.00% - - - 0.00% MIMS""

5.2.3.2 The ability to pay water charges of the sample resettlement households

The per capita annual net income sample resettlement families' distribution shows the incomes of the sample resettlement families comparatively do not vary a lot. Among the sample resettlement families investigated, the lowest per capita annual net income is 1,500 Yuan; the per capita water charges of the urban inhabitants is 25.8 Yuan per person; and the annual per capita expenses on water account for 1.72% of the lowest income. As a result, the moving residents have the economic ability to pay the water charges. So, the statistics of the social evaluation show: according to the income analysis, the sample resettlement families do have the ability to pay the water charges. Because the tap waterworks don't occupy too much land, so we don't find destitute households while investigating.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 58 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

* 6 The inhabitants' understanding and reflection of the project

6. 1 Analysis of the sample inhabitants' understanding of waterworks

With the increase of the living condition of the people in all the sample counties and cities and the increase of income, the inhabitants demand higher quality of water. Tap water is superior to well water not only in convenience but also in water quality. That is suspicion of the general opinion in the investigation. However, some inhabitants have water quantity and quality because at present some waterworks have some problems with water supply and water quality. The following is the detailed description of the understanding of tap water and well water of the urban inhabitants, the resettlements and the moving residents investigated: In all the sample 38 counties or cities investigated, there are 2,572 sample urban inhabitants, 2,478 of whom, (making up 96.4% of the total), think tap water is superior to well water in water quality and convenience. All the sample urban inhabitants in show their complete affirmation towards tap water. The lowest supporting rate, (i.e. 92.1%), is in Yuanyang County. Maybe this is because there is no tap water in the County. And the inhabitants didn't know very well about the water quality and its convenience. But water in by their experience, they understand that tap water is certainly superior to well convenience and water quality. The rate of the positive attitude towards tap water is 92.1%-100%. To sum up, the sample inhabitants in cities and towns take a positive attitude towards tap water. Of the 1,516 sample moving inhabitants, 1,405 think that tap water is superior to well water in water quality and convenience. The inhabitants taking a positive attitude towards the tap water make up 92.7% of all the sample inhabitants. The lowest supporting rate is also in Yuanyang County (i.e. 89.7%); the highest supporting rate is in , (i.e. 97.4%). The situation of Yuanyang County has been discussed above, while Xichuan County is the source of the Middle Line of The South-North Water Diversion. The urban inhabitants and the moving inhabitants know tap water very well. So the rate of inhabitants supporting tap water is the highest, from 89.7% to 97.4%. To sum up, the moving residents generally think that tap water is superior to well water in water quality and convenience, though the rate of supporting tap water is lower than that of urban inhabitants. In the sample 689 resettlements, 611 of -them, i.e. 88.7% of the total sample resettlements, think that tap water is superior to well water in water quality and convenience. The lowest rate of resettlements supporting tap water is in , which is 80%, while the highest is in , which is 95.2%. The supporting rate is from 80% to 95.2%. Although all the resettlements drink private-well water, on the whole they take a positive attitude towards tap water quality and convenience. Though the rate of resettlements supporting the construction of the waterworks is only 37.59% because the waterworks make up their land and affect their interest, they know very well that tap water is superior to well water. Some sample inhabitants have the following reasons to take negative attitude toward tap water: some waterworks in the sample counties or cities have problems in water supply The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 59 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

and water quality, as discussed above, especially in the direct-water-supply counties or cities, some inhabitants think that well water is little different from tap water, except that tap water is more convenient, but the cost of tap water is higher that of well water; moreover, it is a waste to give up their well pumping equipment. To sum up, all the sample inhabitants generally take the attitude that tap water is superior to well water in water quality and convenience; A tiny minority of the inhabitants think that tap water is little different from well water in that there are some problems in tap water, such as water supply and water quality. And some of the sample inhabitants think that it is a waste to give up their well pumping equipment once tap water is used. So suggestions are made as follows: firstly, the management of water supply equipment should be reinforced in order to avoid cutting off water; secondly, the direct water supply should be put an end to in order to guarantee water quality; thirdly, the legal rights of the inhabitants for using well water should be protected when private wells are closed; their benefits should be considered; we should let the sample inhabitants drinking private well water turn to drink tap water willingly by tap water of high quality, by good service and by the example of the inhabitants drinking tap water, but not by the absolute government orders. The supporting rate of inhabitants is shown in the following table. The Rate of Thinking That Tap Water is Superior to Well Water(%)

98.0O 96. 0 94. 0 92. 0 90.0

86. 0 84. 0 Urban inhabitants Moving Resettlements

6. 2 The will and the possibility of the urban inhabitants, moving

residents and resettlements to participate - in the

construction of the waterworks

6. 2. 1 Knowledge about the Project of the urban residents, moving residents and resettlements In each project counties or cities, the town residents, those who go to and fro between town and countryside and the resettlement heard about the building of tap water company or sewage plant in 2004, but usually verbal survey among the residents. They receive the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 60 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan notice only several days before the investigating group come to the spot. Before this, the media and propaganda organs give nothing about it. This is because the project counties or cities still have doubt about whether they will be permitted to get the loan of the World Bank (because the project is still in early period of proving and asking permission). Therefore, in order to make sure, they haven't published the news officially. So they tell the residents only in investigation. According to the analysis of the questionnaire, the sample residents' recognition of this project is that: (1) Town residents. In the sample counties or cities, an average of 89% of the town residents know the construction of waterworks and sewage treatment plants. But still 11% do not know; among them, some residents get informed just a few days before we go there. The social evaluation groups play the publicizing roles unconsciously in the discussion with benefit-related people. The lowest rate of town residents knowing .constructing waterworks and sewage treatment plants is 70.2% of the total sample town residents, while 29.8% do not know. The highest rate is 98.4% (in ), but they get the information at the time mentioned above. The time when they know has been stated above. (2) Residents go to and-fro between town and countryside. An average of 79.3% of the moving residents get informed about the construction of waterworks and sewage treatment plants, but 20.7% show they do not know. The lowest rate of the moving residents knowing constructing waterworks and sewage treatment plants is 60% of the total sample population (in Xiayi County); while the highest rate is 97.4%(in Xi County), which is lower than the former, maybe this is because of their work fluidity and they being not the natives (3) Resettlement. An average of 52.5% of the resettlements get informed about the construction of waterworks and sewage treatment plants, while 47.5% do not, because when the investigation was being made, 29 sample counties and cities were busy taking over land and because they are not the natives. (Although the ninth item of On Guiding of Improving the System of Compensating Resettlement for taking over land made by the Ministry of Land and Resources stipulates: "the local Department of Land and Resources should inform, in written form, the collective groups and farmers whose land is taken over of the usage and the position of the land to be taken over, the compensation standard and the ways to arrange the resettlements, etc.). The lowest rate of the resettlements knowing constructing waterworks and sewage treatment plants is 22.7% (in Huangchuang County) while 77.3% of the sample resettlements do not know that waterworks or sewage treatment plants are to be built. The highest rate of the resettlements knowing constructing waterworks and sewage treatment plants is 72.2% (in S6ng County). Therefore, among the sample resettlements, those knowing the construction of the waterworks or the sewage treatment plants take up 22.7%-77.2%. Details are shown in the attached Table 6-2-2-1, 6-2-2-2 and 6-2-2-3. It is found in the investigation that the conversation with them shows that some residents and resettlements actually support the construction of the basic installation, though they have different opinions about the construction of the waterworks and sewage treatment plant. The residents and the resettlements in' Yuanyang County feel deep pity that their county is the only one without a waterworks, so they think they have responsibility

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and honor to support the construction of waterworks and sewage treatment plants and intend to put forward their own suggestions and advice. But they have different choice when answering the questionnaire because of their different personalities and mental activities. They actually know very well that the water on the land surface and groundwater has been rather polluted during recent years, and that drinking well water for a long time will certainly cause diseases. They have realized what the seriously polluted water will bring to the environment. The elderly people can still recall the pa9t situation in the last 70's when rivers are clean and a great quantity of living things were living in the rivers, children were playing in the rivers and catching fish. That will bring them back to their childhood. They fill great pity that the environment has been polluted. They say "the development of modem industry is based on destroying the environment and does evil to our descendants." They confess that the construction of the waterworks is beneficial to them. But they have different opinions about how to compensate for their loss, and they worry about whether the national policies and government promise can be implemented. At the end of the conversation with them some subjects said: "although we said so many (referring to their different opinions and advise), we really support the construction of the waterworks and sewage treatment plants". The suggestions are made as follows: all the sample counties and towns should reinforce publicizing the construction of the waterworks and sewage treatment plants, earnestly implement Land Administration Law of People's Republic of China and its regulations, and inform every resettlement before land to be taken over.

6. 2. 2 The opinions about the sewage treatment plants of the urban inhabitants, the moving residents and the inhabitants According to the findings of the questionnaire, in the project-related counties, an average of 76% of the urban inhabitants think it necessary to treat sewage while 5.3% think the environment is ok and the sewage treatment plant can be postponed and it depends on the economic condition of each county or city. 18.7% don't care about the matter. The lowest rate of the small urban inhabitants thinking it necessary to*treat sewage is 66.3% of the total. The highest rate is 84.6% of the total. On the whole, they think it necessary to treat sewage. In the project-related counties, an average of 63.7% of the moving residents think it necessary to treat sewage while 7.2% think the environment is ok and the sewage treatment plant can be postponed and it depends on the economic condition of each county or city. 29.1%' don't care about the matter. The lowest rate of the small moving residents thinking it necessary to treat sewage is 35.5% of the total. The highest rate is 82.9% of the total. On the whole, they think it necessary to treat sewage. The supporting rate is lower than that of the former. This is because of their work fluidity and they being not the natives. In the project-related counties, an average of 64.9% of the resettlements think it necessary to treat sewage while 6.2% think the environment is ok because they live in the suburbs of towns and cities and their environment is superior to that of the towns and cities. 29.1% of the resettlements don't care about the matter. The lowest rate of the small resettlements thinking it necessary to treat gewage is 38.1% of the total. The highest rate is

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 62 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

90% of the total. In the western mountain areas of Henan, where environment is superior to others', the highest supporting rate is 90% of the total. So on the whole, the sample resettlements thinking it necessary to treat sewages. Make up from 38.1% to 90%. Details are shown in Table 6-2-1 and attached Table 6-2-2-1, 6-2-2-2 and 6-2-2-3. Investigations reveal that sample households hold different views and opinions about the sewage treatment due to their different natural surroundings, industries and water pollution. The western mountainous areas lie in the source of Huai River. The industrial sewage pollutes the lower reaches of Huai River along with the stream. So they have shallow experience while the upper reaches have a good understanding of the environmental pollution. Even in the same county they have different reactions to the sewage treatment. The urban inhabitants are permanent inhabitants; the moving residents are temporary inhabitants. The resettlements have a relative good environment. They even have different opinions about a same problem because of their different economic interests. Therefore, their different opinions reflect their true will. On the whole, they have a good understanding of the environmental pollution and think it necessary to treat sewage.

6. 2. 3 The will to put forward opinions and suggestions about constructing waterworks or sewage treatment plants According to the findings of the questionnaire, in the project-related counties, an average of 76.6% of the sample urban inhabitants are willing to express their own opinions about the construction of waterworks and sewage treatment plants but 7.2% don't show much care about the construction, don't want to express their own opinions ard won't take part in the construction. 16.2% think they will take part in the informal discussion about the project if they are allowed to and they will not if they are not allowed. In all the sample urban inhabitants; 61%-85% of the sample urban inhabitants are willing to express their opinions and proposals; 0%-22% of the sample urban inhabitants are unwilling; the rest hold indifferent attitudes. On the whole they would like to express their ideas about the project. Table 6-2-1 Analysis of the willingness to take pare in the construction of waterworks or sewage treatment plants of the sample residents in the sample counties or cities at county level or not Necessary or not Willing Type Knowing or not knowing % not% Necessary % Indifferent% not% Willing % Neutral % not% urban residents 89.0 11.0 76.0 18.7 5.3 76.6 16.2 7.2 moving 79.3 20.7 63.7 29.1 7.2 66.9 26.3 6.8 residents residents 52.5 47.5 64.9 28.9 6.2 62.1 29.6 8.3

This can also be shown in the bar chart.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 63 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Knowing or not about the construction o the waterworks and the sewage treatment plants

100.

80.

60.

40.

20.

0. knowing not knowing

cities and towns moving 3 resettlement

Necessary or not to treat sewages.

00

0. O

0. O

'no 30.0 80.0 WIlinvl i ndi ffer ent unwil ny r. 70.0 60. 0 0cities and towns moving O resettleents

50. 0______40. 0 30. 0 Wliened t touh forwar me opiniontribugtions bothe construction of the twoand ther

nThe n ndScial ReettleentIstiuewage NCWUen p aglantsal.3 VV Ii ny i ndi fferent unW IIiiny

cities and towns moving resettlements

In the project-related counties, an average of 66.9% of the moving residents are willing to utter their own voice, express their own opinions and make their suggestions even though they are not permanent inhabitants in the town. Their voices are seldom listened to though they make great contribution to the construction of the town and their

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 64 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan opinions and suggestions are often ignored. So, though they are not the hosts of towns, their responsibilities urge them to put forward their opinions and suggestions about the project. Their will is stronger and their proportion is bigger than that of the urban inhabitants. But 6.8% of the urban inhabitants don't care about the project. They think they are "nothing" and they have no right to involve in "the big business" and that the government cannot adopt their suggestions, so they don't want to express their own advice and suggestion. 26.3% of the moving residents hold a not-care attitude if asked, they will take part in the discussion and they won't if not. In all the sample urban inhabitants, 51.3%-88% of the sample urban inhabitants express willingly their opinions a'nd proposals about the project; 0%-20% make it known that they are unwilling to take part in the construction; 6.8% of the urban inhabitants don't care about the project. They think they are "nothing" and they have no right to involve in "the big business" and that the government cannot adopt their suggestions. The rest hold a not-care attitude. On the whole they are will to express their ideas and make their suggestions about the project. In the project-related counties, an average of 62.1% of the resettlements is willing to utter their own voice, express their own opinions and make their suggestions. They express strongly their opinions and suggestions by writing letters to the government officials or visiting them in person because the construction of the project has a direct influence on their economic interest. Still 8.3% resettlements don't care about the construction. They are unwilling to express their opinions and proposals about the project. They think that the government cannot adopt their opinions and suggestions and they will not take part in the activities of the project. 29.6% resettlements take a not-care attitude and think they will if they are asked to take part in the informal discussion about making suggestions. In all the sample resettlements, 27.3%-80% are willing to put forward their opinions and proposals about the project; 0%-31% make it known that they are unwilling to take part in the discussion; So their distinct attitudes attribute to the working ability, incorruption and working in terms of people's interests of the. local government. Those who are indifferent to the project are utterly helpless. Findings of the investigation show that there are quite different attitudes to the construction because of the different social surroundings, executive ability and work.style of the local governments. Suggestions are made as follows: every local government should purify the social environment, abolish corruption, strengthen executive ability and take people as of prime importance. Now large numbers of the Communist Party in our country are receiving education of "keeping the Communist Party advanced". In the course of the construction of the project, the governments should try their best to consult the broad masses and listen to their voices and adopt their reasonable proposals. The local governments pledge to enforce the law strictly and guarantee against the unlawful practice and create an agreeable and harmonious social environment.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 65 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

7 Water quality and diseases

7. 1 The present situation on drinking water in project-related

counties or cities

There is some difference in water supply in different project-related counties or cities because of regional differences. Thus, drinking water of the sample inhabitants can be divided into three kinds: Firstly, all the sample inhabitants have to drink water from wells of their own because there is no waterworks in a county. Of all the counties/cities, only Yuanyang County is under this situation. Secondly, there is waterworks in a county, but the water supply of the waterworks is not sufficient enough to meet the needs of the inhabitants (Details can be found in chapter three). Some inhabitants there drink tap water, while other inhabitants depend on wells of their own. Except Yuanyang County, all the other project-related counties/cities are generally under this situation. Thirdly, because the above second situation remains, the tap water is frequently cut off in summer. Catering to demand, some inhabitants and workers of some small-sized enterprises and institutions also have wells of their own to deal with cutting off water in summer. As a result, 35 percent of the inhabitants and the staff of small-sized corporation or institutions in the sample counties or cities drink both tap water and well water. It is common in -all the project-related counties/cities. But it is hard to get the precise statistics in survey because of the prescription of drinking two kinds of water. The quality of drinking water cannot be guaranteed. Firstly, the quality of water from the wells of their own cannot be guaranteed. All the project-related counties/cities lie in four river valleys (referring to chapter 2) over the province. Differences in geology, surface runoff, and groundwater runoff result in the different terrene pollution. So, the drinking water from the wells of the inhabitants cannot match the quality of daily water. Water quality may be divided into several types according to different regions. Besides, chromaticity of water is turbid, and rode organic substance contains in the water-with yellow and red floccules. Kaifeng city, Shangqiu city, Zhoukou city and Zhumadian city in the eastern and southeastern Henan Province situate in Huaihe River drainage valley. The shallow groundwater in the area exceeds the set standard in fluorine, which results in dental caries among the inhabitants. One or two fluorine-related cases will happen in each county every year. Especially in the counties subordinate to Zhumadian city, not only fluorine exceeds the set standard but also organic substances of COD, BOD in the shallow groundwater also exceed the set standard. The water is turbid and the scale incrustation is yellow in boiled water. Though fluorine in water of the counties subordinate to Xinyang city in the south of Henan province, decreases a little, organic substance of COD, BOD is comparatively higher and the content of heavy metals (such as Mn and Quick silver ions) in water is also higher. The content reaches to the upper extreme of standard of drinking water though not excel. But the content of phosphorus, non-ionic ammonia and nitrite nitrogen in the shallow groundwater.also exceeds the set standard because of the wide use

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 66 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan of fertilizer and pesticides. Xichuan county and city in the southwest of Henan Province, is in the drainage valley of Danjiang, the branch of Yangtze River. Because of the steep mountains and deep valleys everywhere in the upper reaches and the slow development of industry and agriculture, the surface runoff and shallow groundwater is hardly polluted and the water of the shallow groundwater from the wells of their own is fit for drinking. While in and , the surface water and shallow groundwater basically meets the standard of drinking water though it is polluted a bit. Pingdingshan city and Xuchang city in the south of Henan province belong to Huaihe River drainage valley. Because they lie in the upper reaches of Huaihe River, the surface runoff and shallow groundwater is less polluted. Thus, water there is more limpid and purer than that of other project-related counties and various ions don't exceed the set standard. The counties of Luoyang city and Sanmenxia city stand in mountain areas in western Henan province and belong to Yellow River drainage valley; Shan county, Xin'an County and Mengjin County all situate in the main stream of Yellow River and the water level is deep. Inhabitants there pump water from their wells. The water is of high quality and fit for drinking. The surface water and shallow groundwater is polluted slightly. Songxian county and Yiyang county of Luoyang city lie in the lower reaches of Luohe River, the branch of Yellow River. Because there are few industries in the upper reaches, the surface runoff and shallow groundwater are polluted slightly. Water of their wells is of high quality and fit for drinking. But the rigidity is comparatively high and the content of calcium carbonate exceeds the set standard in some areas. Secondly, the tap water the inhabitants drink is of different quality, mainly because the source wells of waterworks use mixture of shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. Direct water supply also exists, which cannot guarantee the quality of water for drinking. Such tap water is a little better than that of their wells and still influences the health of inhabitants. Problems concerning the quality of drinking water are as follows: First, 75%of the waterworks in the sample counties/cities were built much earlier, and they pump shallow groundwater and deep groundwater at the same time as the source of tap water, not pumping it separately. With the increasing pollution of shallow groundwater in past years, the quality of tap water cannot be guaranteed in water sources and tap water from some direct water supply waterworks cannot reach the drinking standard. That certain influences the life and health of inhabitants. Second, the pipe networks have long been out of repair, lack maintenance and age, and such problems as water-leaking, water running and water-emitting are severe; the diameter of pipes is much thin, the laying area of water pipes is much limited; water level of waterworks decreases and groundwater source of the waterworks is polluted by industrial development. All the problems above lead to unqualified water for drinking. We suggest: Firstly, wells in the water sources should reach the quality of water tested by the demonstration report of water resource. Pumping shallow "groundwater should be severely prohibited in the land of headwaters where the shallow groundwater is polluted and meanwhile mixed water should be avoided. Shallow groundwater should be blocked when wells are designed; furthermore, it should also be banned to take out mixed water for economisation of investment and for water quantity of one well, which are

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 67 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan contradictive to original intention. Secondly, tap water supply is generally not enough and there are too many wells of their own. In order to take care of inhabitants' health and to meet the requirement of modernization of city development, the quantity of tap water supply should be designed according to the requirement of city development, the layout of town development, and water demand in the future of a certain city. Measures should be taken to both avoid shortage of water supply when the waterworks is designed too small, and avoid waste of water when the waterworks is designed too large. Information of inhabitants drinking tap water and water from wells of their own and popularisation of tap water is shown in attached Table 6-1 -1. Statistics of the social evaluation show that inhabitants drinking tap water make up 31.2 %of the total sample inhabitants in the project-related county or city at county level. The urban inhabitants drinking water from wells of their own make up 68.8% of the total urban inhabitants. We conclude that tap water supply is out of harmony to the idea of social development and of human beings-center, which will surely harm people's health. So the construction of waterworks in all the sample counties or cities is an important measure to improve the living standard and health of the sample inhabitants and it is a very important choice in the city development.

7. 2 Physical condition of the sample inhabitants of the

project-related counties or cities

Inhabitants of all the project-related counties/cities (including urban inhabitants, moving residents and resettlements) are in a healthy condition. No local diseases result from water quality. Per capita lifespan in 2004 in Henan province is 71.5 years, higher than that of the nation; and the per capita lifespan of male is 70 years and that of female is 73 years. These attribute to the economic and social development and the improvement of life and medical condition. Pollution of surface runoff is going from bad to worse; Huaihe River drainage valley, in particular, has brought the national concern. Though shallow groundwater has been polluted to a certain degree and a small number of ions exceed the set standard the drinking standard and affect people' health, but they are not rich enough to bring about local diseases. But, nitrite and nitrate in Xinxiatig County, and Yuanyang County exceeds the set standard. Cancer of the oesophagus and gastric cancer contemporarily prevail there, which has brought great concern of the national government. To study the relation between drinking water and tuniors of digestive system, the National Health Ministry has purposefully set an inspection office in Anyang city to find that nitrite may cause tumors of digestive system. But the definite connection is in the further research by the experts and scholars of Health Ministry. The National Health Ministry and the Provincial Health Department base the comments above on the preliminary research.. Water in counties of Kaifeng city, Zhoukou city and Shangqiu City has a higher content of fluorine, which results in dental caries among the inhabitants. One or two fluorine-related cases will happen in each county every year. The above is the conclusion resulting from our investigation in board of health in each county. Because of short of iodine in drinking water, goitre cases were once common in the counties/cities of Luoyang city, Shanxian

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 68 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan county of Sanmenxia city and Xichuan county of Nanyang city in the western mountain area and in the southwest mountain area. With the spread of iodine salt, goitre case has been reduced year by year. In 2004, only one or two cases go to see a doctor in each county/city, much less than ten to twenty cases in the 1990's in each county each year. Dental caries cases are comparatively common in eastern Henan province. 60% of grown-up inhabitants suffer decayed tooth but two to three fluorine-related cases in each project-related county/city are not a general phenomenon. Statistics of investigation shows that: in each project-related county/city, inhabitants are healthy; the current local diseases no longer exist; and per capita lifespan is increasing year after year. The first five factors for death from 2001 to 2004 in each project-related county/city are shown in Table 7-2-1 attached. Table 7-2-1 The first five factors for death in each project-related county/city 1999 2000 2001 2002 Blood vessel brain Blood vessel of Blood vessel of First Malignancy disease heart disease heart disease

Blood vessel of Blood vessel of Blood vessel brain Second Malignancy brain disease heart disease disease

Blood vessel of Blood vessel brain Third Malignancy Malignancy heart disease disease

Respiratory Respiratory tract Respiratory tract Respiratory tract Fourth tract disease disease disease disease

Fifth Accident Accident Accident Accident

7. 3 The analysis on the relation between water quality and diseases

in each project-related counties or cities

7. 3. 1 North Henan

Due to the increasing environmental pollution in Mengzhou city, Xinxiang county, Fengqiu county and Yuanyang county, water quality there reduces and groundwater has been polluted. Presently, so groundwater there is no longer fit for drinking any more. Water from 1.5% of the private wells investigated taste salty and astringent. Water there contains nitrite and nitrate, and meet boiled in such water looks fresh and tastes tender and delicious, but will lead to cancer if it is used for a long term (the preliminary conclusion of the Health Ministry). Nitrite and nitrate are severely banned to use in food processing according to the health of the standard Health Ministry. Because of the water quality,

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 69 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan cancer of the oesophagus and gastric cancer prevail in northern Henan Province. While Mengzhou city, Xinxiang county, Yuanyang county and Fengqiu county are just on the edge of this area. Every time after the flood of Yellow River, the dead bodies of animals and plants are buried under ground. Thus the bodies after decaying for a long time dissolve into the groundwater. Furthermore, lying in the alluvial plains of Yellow River, water in Yuanyang County and Fengqiu County contains a large number of organic substances of the yellow or red solutes of decayed bodies of animals and plants and thus the boiled water float a layer of yellow or red floccules. Too much of Iron ions in water make the lower layer of water contain some red flocks. Tests show that flocks are ferroferric oxide resulting from the reaction of iron and oxygen (magnetic iron ores out of oxidized reaction). The direct correlation between water quality and disease is still under the study and analysis of the National Health Ministry.

7. 3. 2 East Henan

Due to increasing environmental pollution in the past years, groundwat6r in Kaifeng city, Zhoukou city and Shangqiu city contains a higher quantity of fluorine and alkali. There are cases of dental caries and one or two Kaschin-Beck diseases and fluorine-spotted teeth case(s) in each county/city. The main reason for these cases is that the shallow groundwater from the private wells contains higher content of fluorine. The Public Health Bereau of each county reports that the above diseases appear in Duanmaliu village, Zhushazhen village and Sisuolou village while there is no such case within the city proper. Some health departments confirm that such cases result from drinking higher fluoric water.

7. 3. 3 West Henan and South-west Henan

Groundwater of each county under administration of Luoyang City, Sanmenxia City and Nanyang City is of rigidity and high content of calcium carbonate. It may also result in goiter because of lack of iodine, as mentioned above.

7. 3. 4 South Henan

Shallow groundwater in the counties under administration of Zhumadian City and Xinyang City has an excessive content of mercury and arsenic. Although excessive content of such elements will do harm to body health, as declared by some medical experts, diseases concerned are not found in the investigation of the social evaluation; no related cases have been reported by the health departments of all the counties. Thus no direct relationship between such an excessive content and those diseases can be confirmed at present.

7. 3. 5 Middle part of Henan P

In the middle south area of Henan Province such as the counties under the administration of Pingdingshan City, Xuchang City, the shallow groundwater is polluted; since they are located at the upper reaches of the Huai River, surface runoff is polluted slightly, so is the shallow groundwater. Deep groundwater is qualified for drinking

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 70 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan according to the drinking water standard. No related disease is found. The statistics of the social evaluation show that: at present, shallow groundwater of each county in the project, polluted to various degrees, is no more suitable for drinking in a long term. But such diseases mentioned above are related with the special geologic structures of Henan Province, caused by the historical forming of plains. Western Henan Province has always been an area of too much tumors of digestive system for thousands of years in history. Lack of iodine is also caused by the geologic structures of the groundwater. Cases of swelling of the thyroid are decreasing year after for the growing widely use of salt containing iodine. Decayed tooth diseases are also reducing. Therefore, despite that these diseases are related with drinking water, no complete statistics and evidences of established scientific research can show at present other diseases can be caused by the pollution of shallow groundwater. Some singular research report of feasibility lacks effective and complete conclusions of medical researches. The Report of the social evaluation thinks that shallow groundwater is not suitable for long term drinking because shallow groundwater is polluted to various degrees and private wells using shallow groundwater are to be closed gradually in line with local conditions.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 71 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henarn

8 Tendencies of Developing Pipeline Water supply and the Favorable

Policies and Practical Methods for Low Income Families to pay for

Water Charges in the Project Counties or Cities

8. 1 The Developing Tendencies of Supplying Water by Pipeline in the

Project Counties or Cities

In all the project counties of Henan Province, pipeline water supply started in the 70s of last century and improved to a basic scale at the end of it. Now, the daily tap water supply reaches 402,800 tons per day. As to water from private wells, it has reached 888,000 tons per-day. They add up to 1,290,800 tons per day. However, tap water supply only takes up 31.12% of the amount demanded. 68.78% of the town consuming water is from private wells. Water for industries depends totally on private wells (Details are shown in Table 8-1). According to this survey, we know each project county pumps 1,500,000 tons of water daily. Therefore, daily water for inhabitants and water for governments, institutes and enterprises amounts to total 2,790,800 tons. But at present, the daily watei supply of each project county only takes up 14.43% of the demands. That is to say, the other 85.57% of the demands, including inhabitants' everyday water and water for commerce, special trades, governments, enterprises, organizations comes from private wells. Even after the establishment of the tap waterworks of the project, tap water still can't meet the needs of industries. There will also be a wide space for development of pipeline water supply because of the water shortage of 1,500,000 tons, including water for industrial production. With the continuous increase of town inhabitants, the improvement of inhabitants' living standards, and the continuous developing of industries, 'the demands for water in town will continually growing. Besides, rural areas under the administration of each project county are now completely using water from private wells, including the industries and enterprises. They will turn to tap water gradually as the fast growing of economy and people's standards of living. However, the amount of water from private wells is still unknown, because of lacking relative survey and research statistics. From the analysis of the statistics above, we can find that the popularization rate of tap water is rather low. The popularization rate of tap water in a lot of towns has not become 31.12%, or some has even been zero. With such a kind of water supply situation and a fast grow of inhabitants, people's standard of living and demands for water in town, the waterworks cannot meet the needs. What's more, most of the private wells in town are decreasing in output because of a continuously falling water level and the water is polluted to various degrees. Thus private wells cannot meet the needs of living and producing, both in quality and quantity. Therefore, it's totally necessary to build tap waterworks; concerning the needs for water of industry production, and some project counties are to build second-term projects of water supply Based on the outlays of tap water supply of the project counties, all the inhabitants' The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 72 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan private wells are to be closed within the areas of the pipelines in three years (2007), The first measure will be the economic lever of "make the cost of water from the private wells in the public pipeline areas higher than that of the tap water step by step", according to Item 3 of the Notice of promoting water price reform in order to economize the water consumption and water conservancy issued by the State Council (2004, No.36). Cities under the direct administration of Henan Province issued documents on increasing the charges of private well water one after another. By the end of May 10, 2005, the average ratio between the price of private well water for daily life and industries and the price of tap water is 1:1.27 in each county. Considering the cost of pumping water from their private well, till the end of this month, the actual cost of each ton of water as daily life from private wells is to be the same as that of each ton tap water. With further adjustments, price of water from private wells is going to be higher than that of tap water in nearly a year. The second measure will be administrative. Within the city area coveted by water pipelines when water source charges are higher than those of tap water, some users of private well may close down their private wells willingly, considering the convenience and price advantage of tap water. Those who use private wells secretly will be punished and their private wells are to be closed according to The Administration Methods of City Water supply in Henan Province and other policies, rules, and laws. The third measure will be educational. All the inhabitants will be educated to use tap water by pointing out the defects of drinking shallow groundwater and advocacy on the advantage pf tap water. These measures taken, the project counties plan to make all the urban inhabitants within the coverage of pipeline network drink tap water and make industry productions use tap water. Of course, since the project counties are lagging behind in economy comparing with cities directly under the administration of Henan Province, their steps in closing down private wells will surely be slower. Despite this, all the private wells within the pipeline coverage area will be closed down by 2010, according to the policy of Henan Province and the county. As to water for industry, since most of the project counties are relatively lagging behind in industry except Pingdingshan City and the and Yangshan District of Xinyang City. The he first five industry categories in each project county/city are fertilizer factories, power plants, foods and brewing factories, paper mill and machining. These factories have different demands on water quality because of their different productions and crafts. Fertilizer factories have a relative low quality requirement on water and they are now using mixed groundwater by pumping both shallow groundwater and deep groundwater from private wells. The owners of These factories expressed their preference to tap water since the cost for private water and tap water are basically the same, worrying simultaneously about the great damages that may be caused by a sudden water cut-off that could happen because at present in China there are no laws, codes or policies on compensating the loss caused by tap water cut-off. According to the Item 22 of the Regulations of City Water Supply issued by the State Council of China, "city enterprises providing tap water and those who offer external water with their self-built facilities should keep their water supply continuous. If water cut-off is unavoidable because of project constructions, device maintains and other reasons, the city administrative departments supplying water should authorize it and inform users 24 hours

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ahead. If announcements are not possible to make because of disasters or emergencies, suppliers should rush to repair to get water supply recover as soon as possible and to notify both the users and water administration departments". In addition to the Item 24 of The Administration Measures of City Water Supply in Henan Province, issued by Henan Province, which has exactly the same content with the one mentioned above, in item 41; it also said that, "any enterprise against the City Water supply Statute and The Administration Measures of City Water Supply in Henan Province, issued by Henan Province, with any of the following activities, should be blamed and urged to correct themselves, with a possibility of being fined; (1) any enterprise whose water quality and water pressure does not come up to the national regulations is- subject to a fine from 1,000 to 5,000 Yuan; (2) those who make bold to cut off water supply at their own will or do not carry out their responsibilities of notifying are subject to a fine from 2,000 to 10,000 Yuan. Since the regulations above do not justify the compensation demands of the damaged enterprises for loses of cutting off water supply against the tap waterworks, they worry that once there would be a water supply cut-off they may suffer from great damages. Besides, according to the Item 2 of Circular of the Construction Ministry on Assurance of City Water supply of (City Construction No.40, 2000), to scientifically make use of water resources is to both save on water and exploit new water sources. According to the principle that "living first, production second", tap water should be supplied to make sure that city inhabitants and those key industrial enterprises should get enough water for living and producing. The amount of water consumption for each unit should be reasonably allocated. That's why they also worry that in the arid year, they may suffer unnecessary damages caused by a restricted water supply for industry production in order to make sure that inhabitants get enough water for everyday life. Fertilizer factories, relying much on water resources, are very willing to use tap water for producing as long as tap water can be supplied continuously to them. Using recycled water for cooling, power plants are mainly concerned with the hardness of the water and a proper content of sulfur ions that should not be higher than the standard. For other aspects of water quality, they do not care much. They also hope to use tap water in producing and their worries are just the same as those mentioned above. Food products factories, such as spirits factories, beer factories, edible vinegar factories and edible bean sources factories, have a requirement of relatively high quality of water. The chlorine in the purification of the tap water will affect the process of fermenting and also affect the tastes of wines, sewages, edible vinegar and edible soy sauces. Thus, some food products factories of the famous brands in Henan Province are using either deep groundwater or river water in their production, but some factories of lower quality may use tap water to produce. What's more, in the process of fermenting, the hardness of water required in fermenting is lower than the standard of the hardness of tap water. Beers require a water hardness of 5 to 8 German Degrees. The PH value in the fermenting process of spirits and beers should be controlled from 5.6 to 6.0, while a little acid water is preferred and the remained basicity of water should be controlled. Therefore, tap water does not reach the water quality of food products factories for producing. Food manufactures producing monosodium glutamate and making glutamic acid from grains have special requirement of water quality. Lianhua MSG Groups in the project-related

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Xiangcheng County also uses deep groundwater for producing just as most of the food manufactures and food fermenting enterprises do. However, as far as cooling, washing, everyday life and other aspects are concerned; they want the tap water because using deep groundwater of high quality will cost them too much. For paper manufacturers and machine manufacturers, they want to use tap water. Although they worry about water cut-off and the losses either, they do not worry as much as those mentioned above. These enterprises mentioned above are all the major consumers of water except for some machine manufacturers. According to the statistics of water for industries in each county, the government will have to build up waterworks with a total water supply of at least 1.5 million daily if it is about to close all the private wells for industry producing in five years. However, based on the analysis above, it still has a long way to go before closing all the private wells in the pipeline network reaching areas.

8. 2 The favourable policies and payment methods' for the

low-income families to pay for water charges.

8. 2. 1 The favourable policies for the low-income families to pay for water charges. The low-income families are the families defined by the departments of Civil Affairs of the project-related counties or cities according to the spirits of the decree of the State Council, No.271 and the government decree of Henan Province, No.65. The decree of the State Council, No.27, is: Regulations Regarding the Guarantee of the Lowest Living Level of the Urban Inhabitants, and the. government decree of Henan Province, No.65, is: Methods of Implementation of Regulations Regarding the Guarantee of the Lowest Living Level of the Urban Inhabitants. The Departments of Civil Affairs also consider the local economic and social development, price level and residents' consumption level. The methods of assessing the low-income family are mad'e in the light of the spirits of the relevant documents of Ministry of Civil Affairs. According to the requirements of Circular on Strictly Regulating the Management of the Guarantee of the Lowest Living level by Ministry of Civil Affairs, all the counties or cities in the project shall "strengthen and standardize management to make sure that the work of guaranteeing the minimum necessities of life work open, equitable, and just ... ". They shall "enhance the management and establish the regulations to ensure the work is done open, just and fair, ... ". When assessing the low-income family, they "firstly make formal operating regulations, set up strict processes and definite requirements for every step such as application, approval, and the granting of the fund; Secondly, thoroughly investigate the income and property, then work out a scientific and feasible method that is practical to local conditions; Thirdly, improve the transparency of the work of guaranteeing the minimum necessities of life, and consciously accept the supervision of the mass and the society; Fourthly, treat dynamic management, regular examination, and monthly report as the most important tasks of the standardized management, and further bring it into institutions, thus make sure that the objects entitled to the allowance of the minimum

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necessities of life can get it if they shall, and can not get it if they shall not." When deciding the objects of the low insurance family, the departments of Civil Affairs mainly consider clause 8 of Regulations Regarding the Guarantee of the lowest living Level of the Urban Inhabitants issued by the State Council. It says: "After checking up, the departments of Civil Affairs of the project-related counties or cities shall approve that those families according with the lowest living level accept the allowance, but shall consider the following different cases: (1) For the urban residents having no income, losing working ability, having no legal foster or supporter, the local departments of Civil Affairs will grant them a full allowance according to the lowest living level of local urban citizen. (2) For the urban residents having some income, assure them of enjoying the difference between the per capita income of their family and the lowest Living level. As for those families that do not meet the requirements of the guarantee of the lowest living level, the local departments of Civil Affairs shall inform them in written form and give the reasons as well. The sectors that take charge of check-up and approval shall finish the procedures of check-up and approval in no more than 30 days after the applicants put forward their applications. The allowance for the lowest living level is provided in the form of money by the sectors of check-up and approval, or in the form of goods if necessary. Basing on. the national policies on the low living level, all the cities under Henan Province have established the preferential methods of how low-income families pay their water charges. Such methods are identical in the whole province. It prescribes that "water charges of the low-income family can be reduced or remitted. By the Certificate of the urban inhabitants' Lowest Life Guarantee issued by the local departments of Civil Affairs, each low-income family can enjoy free water of 3 m3 per month." All the project countries or cities carry out such preferential policies. At present, the water price is still set by the government. The developing and reforming committees and the price offices at all levels invite all lines of work in the counties or cities to hold a hearing to hear and collect ideas. After the bulk price is settled, it is then submitted to the developing and reforming committees at the superior level for approval. When setting the water price of the residents, the developing and reforming committees will comprehensively consider the local social and economic development, the per capita dominated income, the residents' consumption level, along with the residents' ability of psychological endurance, the ideas and suggestions from all lines of work are also paid sufficient attention to. Therefore, except for those low-income families, all the others five no difficulties to pay water charges.

8. 2. 2 Methods to pay for water charges

Circular on improving the reform of water price, promoting saving on water, reserving water resources by the State Council (Article 4, Section 9, No.36, 2004) states: "firmly promoting the work of copying the readings on water-meters by coming to each family. To copy the readings on water-meters by coming to each family constitutes the precondition of implementing the ladder-like water price. Each area shall honestly enhance

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 76 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan the leadership and co-ordination, consider local conditions, and establish the alteration and implementation schemes of the computing system. The added cost of alteration, operation and maintenance can be calculated into the water price, so that tap water corporations can be directed and supported to promote the implementation of copying the readings on water-meters by coming to each family." Presently, all the waterworks in project counties or cities have put into practice the system of one water meter for each household. The waterworks arrange full-time workers to check and write down the amount of water consumed regularly each month, which shall also be affirmed by the consumer's signature. As for the payment time, according to the experience of collecting water charges in investigation and by means of the methods of collecting electricity charges, water charges is collected every month; In this way, the conflicts among the users are avoided, and so are the conflicts between the consumers and the waterworks. Regarding the payment methods, there are two kinds at present: one is that the worker goes to the user's home to collect water charges; the other is that the consumer pays at appointed place and time. The collection methods can be adjusted to local conditions. In those counties that satisfy the requirements, the consumers can pay water charges in appointed banks, on condition that they agree to it and sign a payment agreement with the appointed banks. For the counties that can't meet the above conditions, the original method is still used. The workers make an appointment with the consumers and go to the consumer's houses to collect water charges, or the consumers pay at a specified place. For those households having difficulties in paying water charges at specified place, taking into account the specific condition and the consumer's suggestions, the waterworks shall have a sense of flexibility --- for some users, they can pay the fee in person; for others, the workers can go to the consumer's home to collect. In short, the payment methods shall be determined in light of the user's suggestions.

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9 Resettlement's demands for relocating and resettling

The resettlements of the project are divided into two kinds: one kind whose houses to be removed. In all project counties, only 2300 brick house of 23 households are affected by the construction of the sewage treatment plant in Mengjin County. And the reason is mentioned above. The land belonging to team 7 of Niubuhe village of Chengguan town is occupied by the sewage treatment plant. This team, with a rather inconvenient transportation, is 2 km away from the central administration village. Before the sewage treatment plant was schemed to build, the administration committee of Niubuhe village had planed to move team 7 to a new place near the central village. The central village is close to Mengluo road, providing a convenient transportation for production and for the villagers' life. When they heard that the sewage treatment plant would be built on the village's barren mound, they put forward their layout, which was supported by the government. And they are the resettlements willing to move. As for the sewage treatment plant, the site is located far away from the villages, but close to the precipitating tank of dust of the electricity plant; besides, nearby is the bare small gorge, which facilitates the disposal of waste residues after the sewage is disposed. As a result, kill two birds with one stone. An agreement is reached between the two parties, and approved by the government as well. The resettlements in team 7 require monetary compensation basing on the standard set by the country, Henan province and Luoyang city. In the other counties or cities, it's the villagers' cultivated land that the waterworks occupy. The sites of the water sources occupy partly the villagers' plow land, and partly the reservoir and the bottomland along the river. (Details are shown in the report of resettlement). These fields are staterowned land according to The Law of Land Management of the People's Republic of China and The law of Flood Control of the People's Republic of China. In the resettlement villages, the waterworks and sewage treatment plants take up per capita 0.3Mu, but the sites as water sources do not take up too much land, about 10-20 m2 for each well, thus imposing little influence on the villagers. Considering local economic and social development, the various compensation standards are drawri up on the basis of The Law of Land Management of the People's Republic of China, The Implementation of The Law of Land Management of the People's Republic of China by Henan Province, Decisions on Further Reform and Strict Land Management by the State Council (No.28, 2004) and Proposals on Perfecting the System of Taking over Land, Compensating, and Resettling by the Ministry of State Land Resources (Nov.3, 2004). Part of the land temporarily used by pipelines is compensated in accordance with the compensation for the young crops of one season. The investigation shows: all the villagers affected by the project and the pipelines hope for timely monetary compensation. On appropriate occasions, the villages or groups in which the resettlements live can adjust its land within the village, for clause 14 of The Law of Land Management of the People's Republic of China prescribes: "Within the period of land contracted, if the contracted land between different contractors needs adjusting, it must be approved by over 2/3 of the members of the villager conference or over 2\3 of the villager representatives, and be represented to the agriculture administrative sectors of the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 78 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan town government and of the county government for approval." So only through the above procedure can these villagers get another land in return for their lost land. What they require is just the timely monetary compensation, and there is no need for other forms of settlement. In a word, the villagers claimed that if waterworks or sewage treatment plan were built on their cultivated land, they would subject to the overall situation. And they also say, as long as the government do well the compensation work and appropriately deal with the problems arising from the resettlement, so that they needn't worry their future life, and they would obey the government's decisions and be in line with the government's work. The villagers' requirement for their occupied cultivated land is reasonable aid basic, and that is what the government can and should do.

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10 Ethnic Minorities and Disadvantaged Groups

10. 1 Ethnic Minorities

In the counties or cities of the project, only in Weishi, Tongxu, and Lankao of Kaifeng city, and Yuanyang of Xinxiang city, there are a few ethnic minorities, which are Hui nationality who believe in the Islamism, and do not belong to the aboriginals mentioned in OD4.20. In Henan Province, the Hui nationality mainly lives in Zhengzhou city and Kaifeng city, which respectively has a district of Hui nationality (not included in the project). But in , Tongxu County, and Yuanyang County, the Hui nationality live in the countryside and usually the whole village are the Hui nationality. The people in each village are of the same clan, most of whom are Lee surname and Zhang surname. In 9 century A.D the Hui nationality of China moved from the East of the Central Asia to the Western China. In and , because the capital of Song Dynasty was located in Kaifeng, and the prosperity of the Central Plains attracted some businessmen of the Hui nationality to move to the Central Plains, mainly distributing in Zhengzhou city and Kaifeng city. And in Yuan Dynasty, because of the persecution by the Yuan people, some of the Hui nationality moved to the Central Plains, most with a Zhang surname and Lee surname. In another word, the Hui nationality have lived in the Central Plains for 600-1000 years, during which they coexist peacefully and share honors or disgrace with the Han nationality for thousands of years, and they are one member and one ethnic minority of the Chinese nation, never do they belong to the aboriginals mentioned in OD4.20. In their life, except for the distinction on the food structure from the Han nationality, their mode of production, life style and clothing almost have no difference from the Hans. Because having lived in the Central Plains for thousands of years, they have differed from the Hui nationality in the Northwestern China. They became unfamiliar with the religious doctrine of the Koran, and there is no distinction on their ideology from the Hans. Except that in Kaifeng there remain the mosques (reservation of the historic site and religious belief), there are no mosques in other four counties mentioned above, and the Huis who believe in the Islamism have to go to Kaifeng City to worship. In the site of the waterworks and the headwaters ground, there is no Hui nationality among the resettlements. In Yuanyang County, the number of the Hui nationality is 15,000, about 3.3% of the total population of the whole county. The Huis of the same tribe and of the same clan live in the village; in town there are also little amount of Moslem people (150 people in the whole county), and some are the office-holders of the government and the institutions, and others work in in the factories and enterprises. In town, the Huis live in the houses attached to their working unit, and are distributed in the whole city. So in the social investigation, no Moslem was found in the sample families. Among the residents who go back and forth between the town and the city, there are some Huis managing the store of the cooked and raw meat and restaurant of the Huis, and because of their religious belief, they pay much attention to the hygiene. Therefore, their business is prosperous, and has a good profit. But due to the size limitation of their meat store and restaurant, the yearly per

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page so Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan capita per capita is 4000-6000Yuan, and they belonge to the highest level of the residents who go back and forth between the towns and cities. In Weishi County, Tongxu and Lankao County of Kaifeng, the living ,condition as well as the production and life is almost the same with that of Yuanyang County. In the above three towns the number of Moslem residents is 100-200, and the distribution is almost similar with that of Yuanyang County. Therefore, no Moslem people were found in the sample families. In Weishi County, there are 18,000 Moslem people, about 3.6% of the total population of the whole county. In Tongxu County, there are 23,000 Moslem people, taking up 4.6% of the total population of the whole county. And in Lankao County, there are 30,000 Moslem people, accounting for 5.5% of the total population Qf the whole county. The experts of the social evaluation investigated two Moslem families in Lankao County who go back and forth the town to go into business; both are restraint bosses , with one managing the restaurant which sells the mutton soup particularly, and one dealing in noodles. Every year, they stay in Lankao County for nine months to manage the restaurant, with a per capita income of each year of 4000-6000 Yuan, and their children go to school in the county. So their living level has come to the rich level. Because they manage restaurant, and their water consumption comes from the tag water of the county, and for them the water price of business is carried out according to the stindard of the water price of their county (that is 1.8 Yuan per ton in the investigation). Their per capita water consumption is 1-2 tons each day, and the water consumption has a direct ratio with their sales and profits. They show satisfaction to the current water price(water cost occupies a small part(3.6%o) in their business cost), and support the construction of the waterworks in this county. In the above four counties, the other Moslems live in the villages far away from the county, their consumption water is from the wells, not belonging to the water supply region in the project. Besides, there are no Moslem people in the resettlements whose land was taken up by the waterworks and the headwater ground. Details of the Huis' religious belief as follows:

10. 1. 1 The Huis' Religious Beliefs and Customs

1. The Huis' religious beliefs and moral concept The Huis believe in the Islamism. As a member of the big family of our nation, its traditional moral is the outcome of the combination of Islamic culture and Confucian culture. The Huis' moral concept is an important part of its history and culture, and its moral principal and behavior norms include abundant contents: (1) the religious moral concept of happiness in the two worlds (this life and afterlife) and the concept that good is rewarded with good, evil with evil The Huis' moral ethics claims to happiness in the two worlds, bless for the two worlds, promote and encourage the Moslem people to go after happiness in afterlife as well as happiness and life in reality, oppose escaping from the reality (become a monk or a nun); not only should the Moslems to seek happiness of afterlife, but also should do*the religious duty for afterlife and should not give up the enjoyment of the present world. It is regarded immoral that one neglects or gives up his duty for family and society with the excuse of religion (become a monk or a nun), because it is against the moral concept of seeking happiness in two worlds. On the other hand, if a person indulges himself in the material

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enjoyment and the enjoyment of sense organs, neglecting his religious duty and the pursuit of spirit, it is also immoral. The Islamism thinks that in afterlife, Allah will have a fair judgment and an overall settlement on people's behavior and everything in the present world. Those who believe in Moslem and do good things will go into heaven and those who don't believe religion and do evil things will be punished to go into hell. (2) the moral value of remaking and reserving the natural ecology The Islamism thinks that Allah is unique in the world; Allah creates everything in nature and opposes any natural adoration and any idolatries. Obeying such basic religious principle, the Moslem people pay much attention to the relationship with nature on which he himself relies for existence. According to the creed of " Allah is the unique lord", the Moslem people are not made confused by the various things of the universe, do not set up for themselves the idol spirit of mountain, fire, sun and so on, and neither have the thoughts of nature worship. On the contrary, under the call in Koran "observing the various things in the universe", through observing and exploring nature, they have realized some truth, seized some laws, on the basis of which they make use of nature, bring benefit to the mankind. And at the same time, the Moslem people try to keep balance of the natural ecology when making use of nature. For example, their moral rules on ecology require cleanness, hygiene and no pollution on the environment and private killing and hunting are not allowed as well. Under this kind of influence, most of the Moslem people actively explore nature and work hard to create more wealth. They have made much contribution to our nation's material civilization. (3) other various moral values. They include: ( the business morals of fair deal, honesty and keeping promise, oppose valuing interest as a top; ( the family morals of being harmony and peaceful in the family and between neighbors; © marriage morals; 9 educational morals, etc. To some degree, these moral values are influenced by the doctrine of the Islamism, by the moral ethics spirit of the principle, as well as-the ethics of the Chinese traditional Confucianism. All of these make the Moslem people form their peculiar moral values. 2. The Huis' taboos (1) Pork is forbidden. The pig is the most sensitive problem for the Moslem people and one of the major problems in Moslem customs and habits. Up to now, the custom of forbidding pig-raising and pork-eating has not changed whatever pressure and resistance the Moslem meet. The reasons are as follows: before the establishing of the Islamism, the custom of forbidding eating pork had existed on Arab Peninsula, where it's extremely hot and most land is covered by deserts. As a result, it is unfavorable to raise pig. Furthermore the pig can bring a lot of infectious disease. Therefore, at that time, the Semites on Arab Peninsula didn't raise pigs, but mainly raise sheep and camel. The ancient Egyptian also regarded the pig as a dirty and disgusting thing. In the seventh century A.D., the Mohammed established the Islamism, and for the sake of eliminating the multifarious war, promoting unity between the religious beliefs and customs, he conformed to the custom of forbidding eating the pork in the Arabian region. Therefore, up to now, the Moslem people still do not eat the pork. In history, the Moslem custom of not eating pork was respected to the extent that they preserved their custom. Now, in our country, not only are the Moslem people

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 82 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan forbidden to eat pork, but also forbidden the pig-raising, which has become one of the most important customs of the Moslem people in our country. (2) Other taboos. Besides the taboo of pork in the food aspect, the Moslem people are also forbidden to eat such animals as dogs, donkeys, mules, etc, the fierce animals and dead cows, camels and sheep which die by themselves; besides, the blood of-any animals, birds and domestic fowls, along with the animals not killed in the name of Moslem and Allah are not allowed as well. In addition, the Moslem people are also forbidden to drink blood, eat the dead animals and those animals such as tiger, wolf, leopard, fog, lion, ape, monkey, cat, eagle, sparrow hawk, birds of prey, hedgehog, bear, snake, frog, yellow weasel which have the strange shape and love the dirty things. Only under the helpless circumstance can the Moslems eat a little such thing to maintain life, but cannot eat their fill. To such animals as cows, sheep, camels, deer, chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons, quail rabbits that can be eaten, the Moslem people should ask an ahung or the Moslem who knows the rules to kill animals. Rules of killing animals have come into being. That is to have a Ghusl before killing animals. For example, when a cattle, sheep or camel is killed, its two front legs and a hind leg must be bound with a rope; besides these edible animals are put into a posture with its head pointing south, tail pointing north and its face facing west. Allah is prayed before killing animals, and then an ahung will cut off the esophagus, blood vessel, windpipe of the livestock; then they can peel or pull out its hair to make it ready for cooking; but the boiled water is forbidden to use to bum the skin and hairs. The Moslem people do not eat the cows, sheep and chickens not killed by the Moslem people. This kind of peculiar custom has never changed ever since the old days. The Moslem people are also particular about eating the aquatic animals. They don't eat scale aquatic animals, crab, shark, whale and so on, or the big fish that eat the small fish. They should eat such fishes with both head and tail, ridge with stabs, wings below the stomach, and with scales such as carp, crucian carp, grass carp, silver carp and so on. Besides when eating these fish, they don't kill them, for they think the animal spirits of fish is in water. Once they leave water, the animal spirits will be lost; and the most important is what Mohammed once said: "We can eat two kinds of animals not killed: fish and locust". Generally the Moslem People do not eat pigeons because it is said that the pigeon had once protected Mohammed; therefore, there are such sayings among the Moslem people "if you want to eat pigeon, use the golden knife to kill it". 3. Life habits The Moslem people do not drink alcohol, and even don't prepare alcdhol at home when guests come to visit. Sometimes when attending a party for the sake of meeting the guests, they use water, orange juice and high orange instead of wine to toast. Even some Moslems are not willing to sit together with those drinking alcohol. But the Moslems hate alcohol not so much as they hate pigs. And now in cities some of the Moslem people also drink a little but must kept it unknown to their parents. Under the influence of Koran, Wine is strictly forbidden without any accommodation. So for a long time, they form the good habit of not drinking alcohol, and have realized its harmfulness as well. According to the investigation, the Moslem people think that alcohol is a kind of anaesthesia beverage, which is harmful to health, and sometimes drinking alcohol even holds up the national

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events. Therefore, the Moslem people think that drinking is neither elegant nor respectable and should be strictly forbidden. The Moslem people also don't smoke; they think smoking is a kind of crime. Even if there are some Moslem people who smoke, most are young people in cities: Now in the happy days such as wedding celebration, they also prepare some cigarettes to entertain guests from other races. Because the Moslem people do not smoke or drink, many live a long life. The Chinese government attaches great importance to the policies of the ethnic minority. The ethnic minorities can share the equal rights with the Hans on politics and economy. The Hans respect the Moslem people's religious beliefs and customs. Besides, there are many preferential policies to the ethnic minorities. For example, the ethnic minorities can have a second child and their children can go to school with a low score, etc.

10. 2 The disadvantaged groups

10. 2. 1 The poor people

The disadvantaged group mentioned in this report includes: Firstly, those who have no source of livelihood, or working capacity, and have no statutory supporter or the supporter himself (herself) is poor. The residents who take the lowest social security payment (there are 12 of such persons in the sample of this investigation, which is 0.45 percent of all); Those whose yearly per capita income is less than 700 Yuan in the residents who go to and fro between the cities (there are not such people in the sample inhabitants investigated); Those whose yearly per capita income is less than 600 Yuan in the moving residents (there are not such people in the sample moving inhabitants investigated). Secondly, other disadvantaged groups, such as the female-dominated *single-parent families (there is one such family with two persons in the sample urban residents investigated and they have enjoyed the minimum life guarantee allowance). Of groups of people mentioned above, the poor families are usually in the following situations: the old or the children having no income, losing working ability, having no legal foster or supporter, or the unemployed disabled, or the female-dominated single-parent family. Firstly, the poor urban residents. In this project, there are altogether 4052,600 town people. Those enjoying the minimum life guarantee allowance take up 4.3% of the town people. (In this investigation, there are 12 people in the sample town residents, about 4.5%o of the total sample residents, in the whole town there are 1350000 people enjoying the lowest social security payment, about 4.67% of the total town population of the whole province) They have taken the lowest social security payment of this county (city) as we mentioned above. In Yuanyang County, the lowest standard for the lowest social security payment came to at one time 80 Yuan. That is, those who have no source of livelihood will be granted 80 Yuan, those whose monthly income is less than 80 Yuan will be made up the deficiency. The highest standard of the social security payment is in Pingdingshan City, which comes to 150 Yuan a month. In both of the two places, the payment is delivered in the same way. While the amount of the lowest social security payment will always go up and down with the development of the social economy and the floating price. In a word, as

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 84 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan to the poor town residents, the government grants them the life necessity; as to the old who have no statutory supporter, there is home for the aged built by the governments of each county (city) so that they can lead a happy life in their late years; as to the children who have no statutory supporter, there are orphanages in each county (city) where they will be brought up and educated. Secondly, the sample moving residents. They are peasants who come to town for employment or for business. They are tops of the peasants, usually strong and have sort of professional skills. If they can't live a moderate life in one town they will go back for soil or go to another town. Their staying in town is attributable to their profession skill; so poor people are not found in this group. Those wandering poor people can turn to the rescue unit and they don't go to and fro between the towns. Thirdly, the sample resettlements. They live in suburb of a city and the good social environment and economic environment provide them with a good situation to make their fortune. They can take advantage of the favorable geographical environmeot to plant greenhouse vegetables, raise the domestic animals and poultry. They have their own vehicles so they can carry these to town for sale. They can also go to town for employment or for transportation or business. They earn less than the first two groups do, but they spend less. Their income gap is little; the gap between the rich and the poor among them is little, so no poor people are found in this social investigation. To the households who enjoy the five guarantees(those have no labor ability, no income, no statutory supporter, or they have statutory supporter but the supporter is the old, disabled or under age who have no enough ability), (Notice on Perfecting the Work of the Households Who Enjoy the Five Guarantee in the Countryside after the Agriculture tax is Free of Charge)) issued by the Henan government office in May, 2005,for the first time set the standard of supporting those who enjoy the five guarantees. According to the different guarantee standard (including cereal and oil) in different places, the payment of those who are supported collectively is no lower than 1200 Yuan, and that of those who are supported separately is no lower than 1000 Yuan. And the money resource turns from the extra agriculture tax to the government financial investment. In Henan province, at present, there are 492,600 households who enjoy the five guarantees, taking up 6.7%o of the total agricultural population of the whole province. And the standard of those who are supported collectively is 1300 Yuan per people every year, while that of those who live separately is 1000 Yuan. At present, there are 156,400 households (166,800 people) who should have enjoyed the five guarantees, but did not. The money mainly from the finance investment, and we should try to support everybody who should enjoy the five guarantees, and make sure of their basic life. Now there are two ways of supporting the five- guarantee households: supporting collectively and separately, and they are inclined to the supporting collectively. Different standard should be set properly, generally no lower than the general life level of the local people. The county government should set the specific standard should be set by. According to the annual standards (including cereal and oil), the standards of those who are supported collectively is no lower than 1200 Yuan, and that of those who are supported separately is no lower than 1000 Yuan. And the current standard cannot be lowered down if it is higher than the standard of the province. Meanwhile, be sure to improve their living

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standard with the improvement of the economy. The money supporting those enjoying the five guarantees is from government, arranged by all levels of government, with the supplementary benefits of the village and lands which are directly distributed to individuals. After the county finance grant the fund to the county civil administration, the civil administration should set up special account, carrying out special account management and for specific purpose. For those who live in the old people's home, the civil administration grant the fund to the home every season, and for those who live separately, the fund will be given directly to the individuals themselves.

10. 2. 2 The old, women, and children

The women and children of the town residents, moving residents and the going-to-and-fro residents in the project are actively engaged in farming and industrial sideline and their labor right is well guaranteed. Their husbands also take their suggestions. They concern the society and the happenings around them just like the male do. They also attend the social activities and show their will and suggestion through their right granted by law. Even the teenagers and the children express their opinions on the construction of the waterworks. They fully announce their opinions and suggestions on such items as the water price, dirty water processing, the relationship of the quality between the tap water and the self-provided well water. All the experts fully consider their opinions and suggestions. China has an excellent tradition of respecting the old, and showing respect to the old and love to the young is the Chinese people's traditional virtue. As to the old and the young who have no statutory supporter, they are taken care of and brought up by the home for the aged and the orphanage respectively. And some fit family can also keep the orphan. So the legal rights of the old and the young can be guaranteed. The old who can certain condition can enjoy the five guarantees. In both Chinese history and modem society, women's family status has never been lower than men's. Mothers are the greatest name and they are the finance managers of their families, which is 90% of all the managers. So they have always been equal with male in family. The law regulate women's social status, as is stated in the People's Republic of China constitution. But because of their physiology and body characteristics their employment rate isn't as high as male's. So from the above we know that women usually tend to the jobs of less amount of labor, such as service, which are suitable for them. Their income is correspondingly less than men's. In towns women have the same educational opportunity with men, but it is not the same in the countryside because of the conservative thoughts. As is shown in this social investigation, among the town residents who go to and fro between cities and the moving residents, female have less education than male in general, and the number of women educated goes down with the increase of the time of education (as is stated in PartlV). But women under 20 years old have the same level of education. It shows that our nine years compulsory education system has been well carried out In a word, women have the same right in both family and society, while they are closer to their children than men. As a result of the thousands of tradition the householders are usually men, except the single-parent families.

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11 The social and economic benefits, negative effects and social

risks of this Project

11.1 The social and economic benefits

The engineering of providing (draining) water in this project will contribute to the government establishing some practical policies to grant people municipal public enterprise service and environmental service and some comprehensive methods to the management of pipe-water providing and water resources and the control of water pollution. Great contributions will also be made to improve the resident's drinking quality and public health and to better the quality of the surface water and the groundwater there and on the lower reach so that the diseases will be decreased and the ecological environment will be bettered and improved. Also the living condition and drinking quality of the poor people will be raised. This project is to speed the social economic development. Its construction and carrying out will provide employment opportunities to the local people; increase their income; improve their consuming level and living level so that the business economy could be improved. As to the construction of the fundamental facilities, it can better the investing environment and attract the foreign capital; improve the development of industry, agriculture and business; provide the local people with more employment opportunities; increase their income and improve the development of science and technology and the level of enterprise management. The foreign capital will be helpful to the use of local resources so that the local people have value-added employment opportunities. While the improved environment and fundamental facilities will attract and stimulate the development of tourism, which will arouse the boom of business and service and even the whole social economy. The tax income and public revenue of the local government will surly be increased thanks to the investment of foreign capital and the further development of all the tourism, business and service. So more capital can be used in the development of economy and social service. This project is to raise social consciousness. With the loan plan of World Bank being approved and carried out, its argument, actualization, management pattern and people-oriented thought will be implemented. So that all the officials' level of control could be raised and so are the academic level and the technique level. The management pattern and level of control of the World Bank work positively on all the staff. So they realize the importance of scientific and standardized management and the people-oriented thought; they realize the harmonious development of human being and the nature. So that their consciousness of environmental protection is also strengthened. All the administrative personnel and the participants of this project realize the importance of law and policy, which will improve the harmonious development and stability and unity of the society. Women and children are more easily harmed by poverty and flood so they benefit the most from this project. The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 87 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

In greater detail, the project of water providing will serve people all the time and better the drinking quality of the residents in each city (county); the effluent treatment project will improve the water environment of the areas concerned and is advantageous to the residents' health and the development of industry and agriculture of the lower reach.

11.2 The direct benefits of this Project

The following is the direct benefit in this project: 1. It can resolve the problem of water providing of the cities (counties); provide more drinking water; make people healthier and increase the quality of the products. 2. It can help resolve the problem of effluent treatment; improve the quality of the water; enrich the kinds of living creature; improve the water environment so as to protect the ecological environment. 3. It can improve the local living condition 4. It can provide some temporary employment opportunities and increase the local employees' income when the project is being actualized. 5. It can provide some permanent employment opportunities and increase the local employees' income when the project is being actualized. 6. It can make the workers know well about the construction, actualization, and technique of the project of effluent treatment. 7. It can make the workers know well about the construction, actualization, and technique of the project of effluent treatment. 8. Try to avoid the disease caused by the water and try to reduce the incidence of disease and the death rate; so the expenditure and work on it could be saved; in particular, lessen the harm to the poor, women and children. 9. It will take the residents less time to take water. 10. It can increase the government's tax income and public revenue. 11. It can increase the farm yields and improve the food quality through the safe agricultural water being irrigated to the areas on the lower reach. 12. It can speed the development of the industry of water of the areas on'lower reach, and improve the output and quality of the products by the means of improving the water environment.

11.3 The indirect benefits of implementing the Project

1. Implementing of the project increases the amount of local purchasing and the benefits of additional value relating to some certain services when the project is under construction. 2. Increase the employment opportunity that result from the local purchasing of materials 3. The improved environment quality can be an advantage to attract internal and external investment of the country; and to promote the development of tourism. 4. To promote the development of real estate and increase its value. 5. Mitigate the issue of poverty under the condition of "no project" through promoting the overall economy development in areas having project .

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6. The project of the development of draining sewage away will provide new sewage disposal service for the areas having project; improve the level of sewage disposal and supply the industrial consumers who have recycled the sewage with selective water in low price..

11. 4 Analysis of the negative effects of the project

Followings are the negative influences of the project on social economy and environment. 1. The project's collecting lands from some of the resettlement results in their loss of some of the lands, which has negative influence on their farming and lives. 2. The project's pipelines occupy the lands temporarily, which has negative influence on resettlement' farming and lives. 3. The construction of this project has negative influence on the local ecology, the conservation of water and soil, the environment, the noise and the traffic. 4. As for the materials of the project, the local purchasing will result in the rise of the price in some parts temporarily. Although this is profitable for the material merchants, it has negative influence on the other consumers who purchase the same materials. 5. Although the construction of this project provides job opportunities for the local labor force, the sudden increase of the non-residents (including the employees of construction company) of the local places will raise the price of some products (especially non-staple food), the price change is only a little bit, but it is profitable for the merchants, and it has negative influence on the local residents (it does not have such influence on the prosperous cities which have convenient traffic, such as Yangshan District in City). 6. The construction of this project results in the sudden increase of the people from other places, which has disadvantageous influence on the local social security and traffic, and thus affects the local residents' farming and.lives. 7. In the process of this construction, people who are involved in it will drain sewage and rubbish away, which will have negative influence on the local environment, and then affect the local residents' farming and lives. 8. After the project is completed, the workers and administrators of the waterworks (polluted-waterwork.s) will drain sewage and rubbish away, which will have negative. influence on the local environmental sanitation and then affect the local residents' farming and lives. 9. The environmental protection measures of water resources in the water origin places will have disadvantageous influence on the local farmers' farming production. 10. The improper disposal of the waste production materials 'will pollute the surroundings to certain extent and then affect the local residents' physical health. 11. If the underground water level of some places in the water origin areas lowers, and form funnel, it will have negative influence on the agricultural water consuming of the villagers close to waterworks (although Water Law has given priority to daily life water consuming of the residents). As for the analysis and suggestions of social risk of this project, please look at section one ((1.7 The Main Problems and Suggestions)

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12 The Social Supervision Targets in the Process of the

Implementation of this Project

Of the 38 counties or cities that are investigated, each county (city) government promises to have on-going investigations on the living conditions of the resettlement as well as their producing and business activities which result from the construction of the waterworks and its result of the occupation of the farming land. They also promise to avoid poverty because of land occupation by the project; take every necessary measure to keep up the residents' living condition; totally distribute the funds of every kind of compensation for the occupied lands on time; protect the legal rights of the resettlement, especially women, children and the poor. Therefore, the social economy development of the resettlement' community must be supervised and evaluated by the exterior supervising institution. The supervising target should be completed according to (The-Professional Policy OP4.12 and its Appendix)) . To ensure the implementation of the water supply (drainage) project, during the project construction and implementation, we made supervising evaluation of the resettlement and development of social economy. The supervising evaluation can be divided into "interior supervision" and "exterior supervision"; the supervising target is as follows:

12. 1 The Exterior Supervising Targets in the Process of

Implementing This Project

It is the leaders of the project, related sections and the project implement units who are responsible for the interior supervision, and set up the organization in the project implement unit to make interior supervision, to make sure of the implementation of the project and protect the legal right of those who were affected by the project.

1. The contents of interior supervision:

* The paying and giving out of the various compensations. * The adjust of the cultivated land, the pulling down, rebuilding and removing of the house of those who have been affected. * The treatment of complaints and appeals. * The practice of people's income recovery and training plan, who have been affected by the project. * The practice of the policy on helping the weak group who have been affected by the project, and the practice of helping them in reality.

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2. The main interior supervising targets

* Supervise the process of expropriating and removing. * Supervise whether the channel of communication between the project manager and the personnel affected by the project has been set up or kept smooth. * Supervise and ensure the compensatory for the personnel affected by the project have been totally and immediately given. * Supervise and ensure to deal with the complaints and appeals proposed by those who have been affected by the project. * Supervise and ensure the payment of the land compensatory, resettlement subsidy, compensatory for the green grain, and the compensatory for the ground adhesion. * During the implementing of the project, the project managing. unit and the project implementing unit should make the interior supervision on the relation between water users' economic level and water price, especially the weak group in town residents such as women, children, the old having no supporters and the income of the poor family who enjoy the lowest social security payment and their ability of affording water fee, still whether they enjoyed the preferential policy of water supply should also be internally supervised..

12. 2 The Exterior Supervising Targets of the Resettlements and

Social-economic Development.

The exterior supervision was performed by the special organization, which is separated from government, a non-government consulting organization totally separated from the project implementing organization.

1. The purpose of the exterior supervision * Make sure whether the social economic level of the personnel affected by the project has recovered and remained the original level after the land expropriating and removing, * If the economic level of personnel affected by the project (including weak group) hasn't recovered and remained the original level, we should supervise the reason, find out the factors on policy and project implementing, and propose suggestions. * In the year 2006 and 2008, write the report of supervising evaluation on resettlements' social economic development. Make supervision arid evaluation every year, and the report should be sent to the Foreign-loan Project Management Office of Henan Finance Ministry, and then sent to World Bank by this office.

2. The targets of the external supervision 1) The condition of granting, paying and using of the compensation

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for resettlements To mainly supervise the implementation, the time and the ways of distributing the resettlement compensatory, and to supervise how the resettlements use it and the profit it can bring. 2) The construction of the resettlements' life facility, production facility and infrastructure a. Supervise the adjusting and distributing measure and the number of the resettlements' life-using land, the removal of the resettlement, the number, quality, and the process of the house building. b. Supervise the adjusting of the resettlements' production-used land, the measure, farming and development, and the production profit of the resettlements' production. c. Supervise the recovery and building of the infrastructure of the communities affected by the project, including highway, power line road, etc. The standard of recovery is no lower than the original standard. 3) The social economic development of the resettlement community a. Supervise the recovery of the resettlements' income. b. Supervise the development of the resettlements' social economy. c. Investigate, negotiate and make suggestion on the problems of the resettlements occur when the organization of resettlement arranging resettlements d. Supervise the preferential policy and recovery of the farming of the weak group; supervise the protection of the women, children's legal rights. e. Supervise the democracy consultation of the affected people in the project implementation and whether their suggestions have been adopted. f. Supervise the resettlements' training of production skills, the propaganda of the resettlement policy and the result. g. Supervise the practice of the resettlements' preferential policy. h. Supervise the working system and efficiency of the .resettlement managing organization, the training of the people working in resettlement i. Supervise the complaints and appeals of the resettlement. Supervise the satisfactory degree of the affected people, the procedure of appealing and complaints and whether it is solved immediately. 4) Set up the spot to supervise the effect of the resettling implementation, and carrying on the following supervision; the supervising sample is no lower than 10% of the resettlements.

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13 The methods to ensure the participation of the public and

the interest-related residents in this Project

13. 1 Analysis of different types of interest-related people in this

project of supplying (draining away) water in Medium and

Small Cities in Henan Province

The types of people having related interests in this project refer to people having direct interests and those having indirect interests. Because they have different economical and social interests, their interest, attitudes, hope, worry as well as their rights in this project are different. Followings are the details.

13. 1. 1 People having direct interests 1. Residents in Towns and cities Firstly, rich residents. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of water environment; they support the project for they consider drinking tap water is helpful for physical health. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they do not have much say in this matter. Secondly, moderate income residents. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of water environment; they support the project for they consider drinking tap water is helpful for physical health. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they do not have much say in this matter. Thirdly, relatively poor inhabitants. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of water environment; they support the project for they consider drinking tap water is helpful for physical health. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they do not have much say in this matter. Fourthly, inhabitants below the poverty line 2. Officials, clerks, etc. Firstly, officials. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environment; they support the construction of this project for they consider it is helpful for physical health and environmental sanitation. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they have too much to say in this matter. Secondly, clerks in the enterprises. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environment; they support the construction of this project for they consider it is helpful for physical health and environmental sanitation. They hope it can be

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implemented as soon as possible. But they have not too much say in this matter. Thirdly, leaders in the town or city enterprises. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environment; they support the construction of this project for they consider it is helpful for physical health and environmental sanitation. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they have relatively much say in this matter Fourthly, clerks in the town or city enterprises. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environment; they support the construction of this project for they consider it is helpful for physical health and environmental sanitation. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they have little say in this matter 3. Residents going to and fro between cities and towns Firstly, businessmen moving to and fro between cities and towns. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environment; they support the construction of this project for they consider it is helpful for physical health and environmental sanitation. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they have very little say in this matter. Secondly, employees moving to and fro between cities and towns. They are interested in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environment; they support the construction of this project for they consider it is helpful for physical health and environmental sanitation. They hope it can be implemented as soon as possible. But they have very nothing say in this matter. 4. Resettlement Their production and lives are affected in different levels in this project, most of them adopt an indifferent attitude, some support; very few object (look at section 6). Their worry is that the funds of compensation for the resettlement cannot be totally distributed on time. They do not have much say in this matter.

13. 1. 2 People having indirect interests

1. Foreign Loan Project Office of Finance Department of Henan Province. They have interest in this project. They are the highest supervisors of this project, they strengthen the pace of project in the early days, ensure the loan and the project can be completed as soon as possible. They give energetic support to every kind of loan and fulfill the policy for them. They hope to complete every task of this project very soon. They have the highest power in this project. 2. Reform and development committee of Henan Province. They have interest in this project. They are the highest supervisor of this project, they strengthen the pace of project in the early days, ensure the loan and the

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project can be completed as soon as possible. They give energetic support to every kind of loan and fulfill the policy for them. They hope to complete every task of this project very soon. They have the highest power in this project. 3. Project Consultative Company of Henan Province. They have interest in this project. They strengthen the pace of project in the early days, complete the research report; they give energetic support to every kind of loan and fulfill the policy for them. They hope to complete every task of this project as soon as possible. They do not have much power in this project. 4. North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric .Power. They have interest in this project. They complete the social comment report and report on tfie plan of resettlement. They give energetic support to every kind of loan and fulfill the policy for them. They hope to complete every task of this project as soon as possible. They do not have much power in this project. 5. China Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Science and Research Institute. They have interest in this project. They complete the report on environmental evaluation. They give energetic support to every kind of loan and fulfill the policy for them. They hope to complete every task of this project as soon as possible. They do not have much power in this project. 6. The Administrative departments in each county (city). They have interest in this project. They think it can improve the condition of drinking water and water environent. They show moderate support for the project. They hope to complete every task of this project as soon as possible. They have moderate power in this project. 7. World Bank. They have interest in this project. They strictly implement the loan policy of World Bank; get social and economic benefits. They give energetic support to every kind of loan and fulfill the policy for them. The loan will be stopped if any serious problem is found. They hope to complete every task of this project as soon as possible. They have the highest power in this project. 8. International Consultative Experts. They have interest in this project. They pay close attention to the research report, report on social comment, report on the plan of resettlement and report on environmental evaluation. They support the implementation of the project and propose consultative suggestions to the reports mentioned above. They hope to complete the consultative task satisfactorily. They have rather high power in this project. 9. Domestic consultative experts. They have interest in this project. They pay close attention to the technological problems, problems of policies and social issues. They support the implementation of the project and propose consultative suggestions to the problems mentioned above. They hope to complete the consultative task satisfactorily. They have rather high power in this project. (Details are shown in Table 6-1-1). 10. Designers of the project, contractors of the project as well as contractors of

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the materials and equipment of the project. They have interest in this project. They pay close attention to the technological problems, the problem of the price for bids in the process of implementing the project. They support the implementation of the project. They hope to implement the project and get possible and get profits from it. They have moderate power in this project (Details are shown in Table 13-1).

13. 2 Public participation and the measures to ensure the

participation of the interest- related residents in this project

13. 2. 1 Public Participation

Since this project's early argumentation that began in March 2004, the entire project- related social circles have taken part in the early argumentation work. Firstly, the officials from World Bank, Henan Development and Reform Commission and Overseas Loan Management Office of Henan Finance Bureau have organized the related officials form the functional departments in every project- related county or city and some native consultants to have a study about the project. The officials from World Bank and Henan Development and Reform Commission explained the loan policy and procedure of World Bank, publicized the realistic signification of waterworks construction and dirty water.disposal and wanted the expertise and suggestions form the related officials form the functional departments in every project- related county or city and native consultants. Moreover, the officials from World Bank went to Zhengzhou and the project- related cities for many times to conduct the early argumentation and hear the opinions and suggestions from all circles and they also met the residents and communicated with the.resettlement and heard their opinions and suggestions. Secondly, the officials from the Overseas Loan Management Office of Henan Finance Bureau have hold colloquia and conference calls for many times to manage the project's implementing and hear the opinions and suggestions of the related officials form the functional departments in every project related county or city. They also organized the native consultants to have colloquia, heard their expertise and suggestions and studied and adopted them in time. Thirdly, during the investigation of the social estimate report, in the project- related county or city, the main government officials, the main official from the functional departments and the main technical personnel are organized to have a meeting and their opinions and suggestions will be heard. Through this, the understanding and responses to the project form the entire social circles will be known. They are the main officials from every city's Finance Department, who are in charge of this project, the leader of every county or mayor who is in charge of the project, every county or city's Water Conservancy Bureau, Statistic Bureau, City Construction Committee, Board of Health, Epidemic Prevention Department, Environmental Protection Bureau, Civil Administration Bureau, Finance Bureau, Public Enterprise Bureau, Soil Bureau, Traffic Bureau, Education Bureau, Price Bureau, Projectming Bureau, Politics and Law Committee, town governments, Residents' Committee, Village's Committee, Peace and Protection Committee, Women's League, Civil Investigation Committee, Religion Affair Management Committee, Handicapped

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League. The officials should collect, reflect and adopt their opinions and suggestions. Moreover, the officials have carried on home investigations and informal discussions toward town residents, residents between town and village and resettlement to know their production and lives condition, economic development condition, ideology condition, education and sanitation condition, religious belief condition and the understanding and reflection about this project and lend an attentive ear to their opinions and suggestions (hereinbefore, the report's content is written according to their opinions and suggestions and the data they submitted). They actively cooperated with the investigation on the social estimate report and made good opinions and suggestions. Fourthly, the experts who wrote this project's feasibility report and environment estimate report also went to some counties or cities to investigate and hear the entire social circles' opinions and suggestions to this project.

13. 2..2 The measures that ensure the interest- related residents' participation in this project In order to ensure the interest- related residents' participation in this project and adopt their opinions and suggestions, we should take the following measures:

1. Government's Propaganda

Every county or city's related functional management departments must work out the propaganda handbooks about the dirty water factory's construction according to the demand of World Bank and Chinese Government's related policies and hand them out in the interest- related groups. The functional departments should take advantage of some media to publicize widely so that every interest- related person could know it. In the propaganda, the functional departments should tell the interest- related groups the polluted condition of the groundwater quality in the self-provided well and the bad influence on health because of long term drinking. The functional departments should let people know the necessity and reality of waterworks construction and using tap water. The functional departments should let people know the polluted condition of water environment and the necessity, reality and significance of the sewage factory construction. In the propaganda handbooks there are also some ways and channels through which the interest- related groups can take part in the design and construction of the waterworks and sewage factory.

2. The units to implement the project should assign a person especially for the task to ensure the participation of the interest- related residents in this project.

Every county or city's project unit should assign the competent and trustworthy clerk to be in charge of the public participation in the project's design and construction. Because drinking water is important to the residents and waterworks construction needs the resettlement' participation, the government should hear their opinions and suggestions and pay more attention to these opinions and suggestions in the designing, construction and management of the project. The government should have a strict national hearing system, especially on the water price's rise in order to ensure the participation of residents. And

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 97 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan this should form a system that the project management department's high-class officials ought to manage the project themselves and the extent of adopting the suggestions ought to be a main standard to examine the principals of the corporation in the project. So the government can ensure the participation of the residents who use the drinking water and. will be influenced by the project

3. In the designing of the project, the government should call the interest- related people together to have a forum.

Every county or city's project management departments ought to call the interest- related people together to have a forum during the project's designing, bidding, stocking and constructing and they can also have an investigation in the form of questionnaire to ask for the opinions and suggestions of the residents who use the drinking water and will be influenced by the project. These opinions and suggestions can be used as the important reference during the project's designing, bidding, stocking and constructing to ensure the rights of the interest- related people.

4. Allow the project-affected people to join in the construction of the projet during

the implementing period.

During the construction period, we should give oppotunity for the affected people to join in the project construction, especially the resettlement whose land has been expropriated. They can go into transport, building, material providing, service, management, negotiation and the labors that they are competent in doing, which can increase their income at the same time

5. Allow the project-affected people to join in the work of the waterworks or the sewage treatment plants and the operating management

During the management of the sewage plant, when employing worker and managing workers, the chance should be given to the affected people (especially resettlements), who can be given suitable jobs prior to others according to the advertising condition, their health condition and their skills. The project implementation should listen to their advice and adopt their reasonable advice. The adopting and practice of their advice should be ensured by the organization. Making use of the enterprise's trade union and workers representatives boarding, being responsible by special persons, having discussion with the workers periodically, listening to their advice, reflect to the managing people of the enterprises and practice it through legal channel, and examine the practice condition periodically, to make sure that their advice will be immediately reflected and practiced. Through the above analysis, we know that Henan middle-small city's water supply and drain project can solve and ease the problems of water supply county and dirty water disposal county. The practice of water supply project can resolve the residents' drinking

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 98 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan water problem, improve the residents' living quality and health level and promote the economy's healthy development. The practice of the dirty water disposal project can improve the quality of the water environment, promote health quality of the local and downstream people and increase the production and quality of crops. It can also make the corporations which use the disposal water reduce the product's cost and increase the economic benefits. During the construction, the quality supervision and 'environment inspection can avoid the negative influence on the local residents. The legal and reasonable granting of compensation for collecting farms' fields can redeem the resettlement' loss and reduce the construction's negative influence. The preferential treatment to the town poor residents in tap water supply can solve the problem of the poor residents' drinking. The practice of this project can increase the employment and income of the residents. The solution to residents' drinking water and some factories' production water can improve the external investment environment, increase the employment and income and it is helpful for the poor to use drinking water and at the same time it can increase the local government's revenue and financial income. The construction of dirty water factory can improve the water environment, increase the water creature's multiplying, improve the development of water breeding and increase the farmers' income. The environment improvement can promote the tourism and make the local economy flourish. Thus, the project will improve the related industrial development in the county or city, make the local economy thrive and then improve the local people's living and health level.

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REFERENCES

1. Society Estimate Mission Book of World Bank 2. The Operational Policies 4.12 of the Involuntary Settlement and the appendix by the World Bank. 3. Land Management Law of People Republic of China. 2004.8 4. Directing opinion about perfecting the system of the land expropriation's compensation and allocation No. 238 (2004} issued by National Land Resource Department 5. Water Law of People Republic of China 6. The Law on Urban Planning ofthe People's Republic of China 7. Regulations of Urban Water Supply, decree of the State Council of PRC 8. Regulations Regarding Minimum Living Guarantee of Urban Population of the People's Republic of China. 9. Regulations of Developing, Utilizing, Protecting and Managing Urban Groundwater, decree of the Ministry of Construction of PRC. 10. T he Notice of Ensuring Water Supply to Cities of Ministry of Construction (No. 140, [2004], City Construction) 11. The Management Method of Urban Water Supply of Henan,July 2002. 12. Implementation methods of Regulations Regarding Minimum Living Guarantee of Urban Population in Henan Province (No.65 government decree of Henan Province) 13. Management Regulations of Preventing and Controlling the Pollution of the Source of Drinking-water in the Protection Zone, the document of State Bureau of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Public Health, Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Water Resources, Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources. 14. Measures of implementing Water Law in Henan Province. 15. Temporary regulations regarding managing the resources of urban groundwater in Henan Province 16. Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Planfor National Economic and Social Development of Henan Province 17. Planningoutline of building a well-offsociety in Henan Province in an all-round way 18. Decisions on accelerating urbanization by the Henan committee of the Communist Party of China and the Henan people's government. 19. The strategic ideas of the economic development of the central cities in Henan Province. 20. Master plans for every city in every project region. 21. The recommendation for the overall project, by means of the World Bank's loan, of the water supply in towns of Henan Province. 22. The detailed implementing regulations of managing the projectfund for developing and sorting out land in Henan Province 23. Documents and policies regarding supplying the poor families free water for daily life in various counties in Henan Province. 24. Documents and policies regarding collecting charges for groundwater resources,

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sewage treatment and tap water in various counties in Henan Province. 25. The Report of the Feasibility Research, The Report of Water Resource Demonstration, and The Report of Environmental Appraisal about each country and city in the project.

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Appendixes to chapter 3

3.1 Yuanyang County

Yuanyang County lies in the north of Henan Province, located in the lower reaches of Yellow River on the Yellow River alluvial plain. Traffic is advanced, the groundwater abundant. The industry and commerce is lagged behind. It's a poor County of the provincial level and depends mainly on agriculture production involving wheat and rice, with autumn crops such as bean and corn planted in the northern villages. In 2005, the population in the urban district is 53,000 (46,000 in town and 20,000 in suburb according to the actual survey result). According to the general layout of the County, the town population will reach 110,000 in 2010. The per capita GNP of the County in 2004 is 4083.0 Yuan. The per capita bank deposit of Yuanyang County is 2020.7 Yuan in 2002 while 2120 in 2003. The per capita net income of peasants is 1963.57 Yuan in 2002, while 2050 Yuan in 2003 and 2100 Yuan in 2004. Results of survey show that members of sample town families have an per capita net income of 4160.0 Yuan, while those out and home between town and villages have an per capita net income of 2882.0 Yuan and the resettlement have an per capita net income of RMB 2100.0. The Engel coefficient is 0.44 for town inhabitants, 0.47 for moving inhabitants, and 0.49 for resettlement. For details, Details are shown in Table 3-3. At present, Yuanyang County doesn't have a city network of water supply. All the inhabitants use private wells, that is to say, 100%. Water for life usage is acquired by two ways, manual water pump or underground electric ones. All the drinking water comes from the shallow groundwater resources 20 to 30 meters under the ground. Water supplies of industry also depends on private wells with a depth of 30 to 100 meters with only one exception of Yuanyang Fertilizer Factory, who pumps water from a deep well of 300 meters under the surface for mixed water. There are no tap waterworks in the town. The Yuanyang Waterworks in this project locates in the southern suburb of the County, 3 kilometers away from the County seat, covering 40 mu of land in Xue Village, Chengguan Town. At present, the land is covered with wheat planted by peasants and the certifications for land usage are in process of being issued. According to the Feasibility Research Report, the general water-consuming index of inhabitants is 150 liters per person per day (including the consumption for life and for public buildings). The recent general water usage of inhabitants (2005) is 150 liters per person per day. The far future general water usage of inhabitants (2010) is 190 liters per person per day. According to water consuming forecast, the newly increased scale of water supply of this project is 30,000 tons per day. Based on the related national policies and the water price controlled by Yuanyang Price Bureau, the expected recent general water price will be 1.25 Yuan per ton, sewage disposal charges excluded. 3.2 Weishi County Weishi County locates in the Huanghuai alluvial plain, eastern part of Henan

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Province. The County seat locates in the border between the ancient alluvium fan and the secondary ladder stratum of Yellow River. The population at the time of the survey was 130,000. According to the general layout, it will reach 150,000 at the end.of 2005, and 220,000 in the year of 2010. In 2003, Weishi County had a GNP of 4.997 billion, a general agriculture production of 2.663 billion and a general industry production of 7.88 billion. In 2004, the per capita GNP of the County was 6,118.2 Yuan. The general amount of retails of social consumer goods reached 0.756 billion. The per capita net income of peasants was 2326 Yuan. In 2004, the per capita net income of town people surveyed was 4,967.3 Yuan; and 3,570.6 Yuan for those out and home; 2532.6 Yuan for resettlement. The Engel coefficient measuring the consuming level of people surveyed of town inhabitants was 0.42; of those out and home was 0.44; of resettlement was 0.46. People are generally living a well-to-do life, dressing warmly and eating their fill. For details Details are shown in Table 3-3. At present, the water supply project of Weishi County covers two major systems: one is the tap waterworks; the other is the private well. There is a tap waterworks in Weishi, with a daily supply capability of 5,000 tons, using groundwater as sources, serving mainly town inhabitants, government departments and schools for everyday life. Based on the relevant standards, considering the local water consuming status at present and the water consuming habit, the water consuming standard for daily life is decided on 180 liters per day per person in 2005, 200 liters in 2010. The present water price is one Yuan a ton for daily life of inhabitants, 1.7 Yuan a ton for enterprises and organizations, 1.9 Yuan a ton for businesses, sewage disposal charges excluded. Address of the new waterworks is decided on the new administrative area in the town, covering 50 mu, with a designed daily water supply ability of 35,000 tons. 3.3 Tongxu County Tongxu County locates on the Huanghuai alluvial plain in eastern Henan province. It connects in east with Qi County, in west with Weishi County, in south with and , and in north with Kaifeng County. It covers 31.2 kilometers from east to west, 34.8 kilometers from south to north, and 766.22 square kilometers in all. The central town lies a little north to the center of the County, with a distance of 45 kilometers to Kaifeng in north, 120 kilometers to Zhengzhou in northwest. The County seat (the Chengguan town) administers 13 villages and 7 inhabitants committees with a population of 72,082, of which the non-agricultural population is 38,289. The current town acreage is 6.5 square kilometers with a permanent town inhabitant population of 39,628, temporary population of 496, ambulatory population of nearly 10,000, and more than 10,000 students from other places. The per capita GNP of the County is 6256.9 Yuan in 2004. As shown by the result of the survey, the per capita net income of each member of the town sample families is 4850.6 Yuan, as well as 3665.2 Yuan for those out and home between town and villages, 2355.2 Yuan for resettlement. The Engel coefficient is 0.42 for town inhabitants, 0.42 for those out and home, 0.46 for resettlement, as shown in table 3-3.

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At present, tin the town exits in Tongxu County a city water supply network. The length of the pipeline with a diameter above 150mm is 40 kilometers and that of fewer than 150mm is 90 kilometers. Water supply offered by the tap waterworks reaches 8000 tons per day, taking up 40% of the total water consumption while the water supply offered by the private wells takes up 60% of the total consumption. Sometimes the water supply will be off after 23:00 because of the power cut, the pipeline maintenance or other reasons. Price of water for daily life of inhabitants is 1.6 Yuan per ton (including sewage disposal charges of 0.6 Yuan), for enterprises 1.7 Yuan per ton (including sewage disposal charges of 0.7 Yuan), for commercial usage 1.8 Yuan per ton (including sewage disposal charges 0.8 Yuan). Now it has 9000 families as users. According to the new layout of the city, the waterworks to be built up will be located at the new town district, near the north town-circling road, covering 36 mu, with a expected water supply of 35,000 tons per day. 3.4 Lankao County Lankao County locates in the eastern Henan Province. With underdeveloped industry and commerce, it is one of the distressed counties of the national level. At present, it has a population of 100,000. The town covers 13.7 square kilometers. The per capita GNP of the County is 5434.9 Yuan in 2004. According to the general layout, the town population will be 130,000 in 2010 and it will cover 17 square kilometers. The present urbanization rate is 22%. The GDP in 2003 of Lankao is 405197.2 Yuan. Survey results show that per capita net income in 2004 for town inhabitants is 4550.0 Yuan, for those out and home is 3520.0 Yuan, and for resettlement is 2100.0 Yuan. The Engel coefficient for town inhabitants is 0.44, for those out and home is 0.44, for resettlement is 0.48. Lankao now has a tap waterworks first built in year 1981 with a daily supply ability of 3000 tons and then rebuilt in year 1989, with a supply ability of 5000 tons a day since that. At present, the water price is 1.0 Yuan per ton for inhabitants' daily life, 1.7 Yuan per ton for enterprises, 1.8 Yuan per ton for commercial usage. The price doesn't conclude the waste disposal charges. However, based on the price above, each ton of water will be charged with an extra 0.1 Yuan as public affairs foundation. The expected second waterworks sponsored by The World Bank loans will cover 30 mu with a capacity of supplying water daily 30,000 tons. The location will be 3 kilometers away from the town, with no inhabitants living around. At present, this area is covered with wheat planted by peasants. The certification for land usage is in process of being issued. 3.5 Taikang County Located in East Henan plain, Taikang County, administered by Zhoukou District, lies on the northeast part of Zhoukou District, on the southern border of the Yellow River alluvial fan area, belonging to the Huai River drainage area. It connects Zhecheng and Luyi on the east, Fugou and Tongxu on the west, Huaiyang and Xihua on the south and Qi County, Sui County on the north. With the County seat 70 kilometers away from Zhoukou District, it is 44.25 kilometers from north to south in length, 55.25 kilometers from east to west in width, covering 1716 square kilometers all together.

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Situated in the Yellow River alluvial plain, the hypsography of Taikang is northwest and lower in generally even with a smooth slight slope, a little higher in northeast. Located in the temperate zone, Taikang has a climate of monsoon with mild the Wo temperature and abundant rainfall. The Rivers cutting though mainly involve River and the Old Wo River, both belonging to the Huai River water system. Taikang is abundant in groundwater that is of good quality in the shallow and deep layer. The abundance of water and the fast replenishment make it easy and ready to exploit and utilize. Taikang is a major County in agriculture and is one of the distributing centers' of farm produces, byproducts and industrial products of east Henan province. It has a population of 1,329,000, 98,000 of which are town inhabitants. The indistry of Taikang mainly involves papermaking, foods packing and light textile producing while the agriculture mainly involves planting and breeding. The per capita GNP is 3770.3 Yuan. According to the statistics out of the survey, in year 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 5070.0 Yuan, of those out and home is 3437.5 Yuan, of resettlement is 2281.7 Yuan. The Engel coefficient for town inhabitants is 0.41, for those out and home is 0.44, for villagers is 0.45. Details are shown in Table also table 3-3. The Taikang Tap Water Company was built in 1981, covering 5.5 mu, with a capacity of supplying water daily 5000 tons. The major water resources are shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. Water is supplied directly, mainly for town inhabitants. At present, the water price is 1.25 Yuan/ton for daily life, 1.5 Yuan for enterprises and organizations, 2 Yuan for commercial purpose (sewage disposal charges not included). The new tap waterworks to be built covers 20 mu, located between the Zengfen villiage and Xiaoguo Village of Chengguan town of Taikang County, to the east of the village road from Taikang to Gaoxian. The supposed water supply capacity will be 20,000 tons a day. 3.6 Mengjin County Mengjin County lies in the northwest of Henan Province, belonging to Luoyang District. It connects with Yanshi City, City on the east, with Xin'an County on the west, with the suburb of Luoyang City on the south, with JiYuan City, Jili area of Luoyang City, Mengzhou City on the .north. Mengjin County locates* on the connecting point of the middle reaches and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, in northern Luoyang basin, on south bank of the Yellow River, north to the Mangling Hill. The Lianhuo expressway, the Southwest City Circling expressway of Luoyang, the national high way No.310, No.207, the Luochang Highway and other roads make the traffic extending in all directions. With the cisborder Luoyang Airport, a three-dimensional traffic network of great convenience is constructed. The County of Mengjin administers 9 towns and 3 rural areas including 226 villages with a general population of 440,000 and a general coverage of 758.7 square kilometers. At present, the major town covers 6.9 square kilometers of constructed area with a population of 66,000. In 2004, the per capita GNP of the County is 5102.9 Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the net income of town inhabitants is 5171.4

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Yuan, of those out and home is 3151.5 Yuan, of the resettlement is 2250.2 Yuan. The Engel coefficient for town inhabitants is 0.40, for those out and home is 0.44, for villagers is 0.46. Details are shown in Table 3-3. Mengjin started its water supply project on 1963. Till now, the* County waterworks has a designed water supply ability of 12,000 tons per day. Besides this, the private wells have a water supply ability of 16,000 tons per day. The covering rate of water supply is only 43%. Now the water supply of the County seat is in great tension. .The project in the town mainly covers a water resources (well groups) project, a water clarification project, a water transmitting and a distribution network project, with a total water supply scale of 20,000 tons per day. 3.7 Xin'an County The town of Xin'an County locates to the northwest of Luoyang City, belonging to the Mangshan Hills group on the end of the Songshan Mountains. It reaches the Yellow River on the north, Yiyang on the south, Luoyang on the east, Sanmenxia District and Yima City on the west with a hypsography of being higher in the west and lower in the east. Xin'an County was originally a distressed County of the national level. However, with the construction of the Xiaolangdi reservoir, the industry, agriculture and the tourism are developing fast, thus resulting in the development of the third industry. The plantation involves mainly the wheat and the corn. The County seat of Xin'an has a population of 80,000 at present. According to the general layout of the County, in 2005, the population will be 91,500 and 100,000 in 2010. In 2004, the per capita GNP of people in the County is 10411.5 Yuan. Based on the survey, in 2004, the net income of town inhabitants is 4878.9 Yuan, of those out and home is 3004.1 Yuan, of the resettlement is 3129.0 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.41, of those out and home is 0.45, of villagers is 0.39. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The Xin'an tap water company has, at present, a capacity of supplying water daily 12,000 tons including 8000 tons for everyday life and 4000 tons for industry. Thus most of the enterprises and organizations, besides 20,000 people are using private wells, with a daily water supply of 23,500 tons. Tin the town exist problems such as insufficient water resources, poor ability of water supply, poor quality of the water supplied and others. The present water price for inhabitants daily life is 1.2 Yuan a ton, for administration water usage is 1.7 Yuan a ton, for industry is 1.9 Yuan a ton, for commercial usage is 2.3 Yuan a ton and 2.6 Yuan a ton for special trades (sewage disposal charges not included.) The new tap waterworks to be built will has a designed daily water supply of 35,000 tons. Yellow River is its water source. The new tap waterworks will call up a land of 45 mu, lying in the north part of the County seat, belonging to the Pailou village of Chengguan town. The pipe network will not take up the land of plaritation. Sewage of Xin'an County is let out to Jian River, which finally flows to the Yellow River. The sewage disposal factory in this project is designed to have a daily ability of 30,000 tons. It will cover, 50.03 mu in the southeast of the County with a

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 106 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan distance of 6 to 7 kilometers away from the County area; the land of which belongs to Nanwan village of the Chengguan town. 3.8 Yiyang County Located in the west of Luoyang, Henan Province, Yiyang County, administered by Luoyang District, connects Luoning on the west, Songxian and Yichual on the. south, Xian'an and Mianchi on the north, with a distance to Luoyang City of 35 kilomiters. It is 47.5 kilometers from north to south in width, 62.8 kilometers from east to west in length, covering 1670 square kilometers all together. Yiyang County administers 3 towns, 16 rural areas including 383 villages with a total population of 657,000. In 2004, the per capita GNP was 3109.7 Yuan. The County seat of Yiyang lies in the east part of the County, with Jinping on its back, Luohe ahead. The Luoyi branch of Jiaozhi Railway reaches directly the suburb of the County. The two highways of Yigu and Zhenglu along the Luohe River go across the County from east to west while the Nanyan highway crossing it from south to north. The town of Yiyang covers 10 square kilometers with a population of 118,000 till the end of year 2004. According to the survey, in 2004, the net income of town inhabitants is 4839.9 Yuan, of those out and home 3433.1 Yuan, of resettlement 2520.0 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.38, of those out and home 0.45, of villagers 0.46. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The water price in 2004 for inhabitants is 0.9 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.2 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.4 Yuan a ton for industry and service and 2.0 Yuan a ton for special trades. Yiyang county seat is the center of the culture, the economy and the culture. At present, it has two waterworks with designed daily water supply ability of 20,000 tons. Yiyang has 11 supplying wells, most of which are bugle-opening wells or shallow wells with a per capita depth of 7 to 8 meters and thin water layers. Besides, the diameter of the pipes applied in the water network is rather small. The range of water supply covers 6 square kilometers. Address of the new waterworks is planned to build on the west side of the planned area in the town, on the south side of the Lihe Highway, on the east of the West ring road. It is 800 meters away from the Xiangquan village. It covers 32 mu, with a designed capacity of 25,000 tons/day. 3.9 Songxian County Songxian County lies in the west of Henan Province, under the administration of Luoyang District, with the town lying in the middle north part of the County, in the southwest corner of the broken and sunk basin from Yihe River Valley, Luhun to Songxian County. It is 90 kilometers away from Luoyang City in northeast and 220 kilometers away to Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province. It's surrounded by Yihe River in the south, Houshan slope on the back, Gaoduchuan in the east and Jiazhaichuan in the west. Songxian County covers 3008.9 square kilometers totally, administering 3 towns and 13 rural areas. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 3712.3 Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the net income of town inhabitants is 4577.3 Yuan, of those out and home is 3098.7 Yuan, of resettlement is 2112.6 Yuan. The The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 107 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.37, of those out and home is 0.46, of villagers is 0.47. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The water price in 2004 for inhabitants is 1.05 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.3 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.55 Yuan a ton for industry and service and 2.22 Yuan a ton for special trades. The County depends on groundwater as resource for water supply. It is adjusted by a high-level water pool already existed. At present, it has 3 waterworks with a designed daily ability of 10,000 tons. There are two new factories in a project recently. One lies in the south of the old town. However, with the fast grow of the city, the old waterworks has been surrounded by buildings, thus causing the water polluted to some degree, and the safety for water supply affected. The new waterworks is planned to build on the Yaobei village of Chengguan town, covering 22.25 mu, with a designed daily water supply capacity of 30,000 tons a day. 3.10 Shan County Shan County belongs to Sanmenxia District. It locates at the end of the Moutains, in the middle part of Xiaoshan Hill, surrounding the towns of Sanmenxiao City, with the Yellow River flowing on its north and Pinglu of Shanxi Province on the other bank; it connects Lingbao on the west, Mianchi on the east, Luoning on the south. It is 65.21 kilometers long from east to west, 48.5 kilometers wide from north to south, covering a land.of 1609.8 square meters totally, including mountaifi area of 761.4 square kilometers which takes up 47.3%, hilly area of 444.3 square kilometers which takes up 27.6%, Yuanchuan of 404.1 square kilometers which takes up 25.1% of the total coverage. The County seat is advanced in traffic, taking up a superior location. There lies the new national highway No.310, Lianhuo expressway on the north, Longhai Railroad and national highway No.209 on the south. It locates in the crossing area of three provinces, the middle part of the gold triangle of Yellow River, being critical in connecting the east and the west of China. In 2002, Shan County had 120,000 people living in town with 35 medium or small enterprises and a total industry produce of 0.81 billion Yuan. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 8807.2. Yuan. The County seat is the center of politics, economy and culture, the hinge for local traffic, local recreation, and also a city of process industry. Based on the layout, the population will reach 130,000 in 2005 and 170,000 in 2010 and the industry production will be 1.02 billion in 2005, 1.5 billion in 2010. According to the survey, in 2004, the net income of town inhabitants is 4988.1 Yuan, of those out and home is 3029.4 Yuan, of resettlement is 2273.3 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.29, of those out and home is 0.45, of villagers is 0.46. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The water price for inhabitants is 1.7 Yuan a ton for daily life, 2.7 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 2.6 Yuan a ton for industry and service and 3.3 Yuan a ton for special trades. Being the center of both economy and recreation, Town of Shan County calls for an assured water supply, expecting to develop the economy and increase of people's living standard. However, Shan County now has only 2 waterworks with a daily

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page los Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan ability of 8,000 tons. The walls of two wells of the 2 waterworks have problems of being interlaced and gradient, which threatens greatly the water supply security of the town. Besides, there are problems of an increased content of sands caused by a long time draining pumping and then a decreased water level. The pipeline network to supply water covers quite limited areas. For the shortage in water supply of town, the exploitation of private wells for groundwater is excessive, thus causing an enlarged funnel and a restrained economy grown. To increase the living stand of local people, to ensure the city's economic growth, it is very necessary in increasing the water supply power of the County. The water price in 2004 for inhabitants is 1.05 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.3 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.55 Yuan a ton for industry and service and 2.22 Yuan a ton for special trades. 3.11 Sui County Being one of the most ancient counties in eastern Henan province, Sui County belongs to Shangqiu Distric with a length of 41 kilometers from south to north, a width of 33 kilometers from east to west and a whole coverage of 924 square kilometers. It connects with Qi County, Taikang, Zhecheng, Ningling and Minquan. The whole County is on the alluvial plain of Yellow River with a hypsography of being higher in northwest-and lower in southeast, varying from the altitude of 50.8 meters to 59.8 meters. The Huiji River as one of the largest branches of Huai River system flows across the whole County. The County administers 8 towns, 16 rural areas, 545 villagers committees and 1177 villages with a total population of 800,000. In 2003, the actual population of Sui County is 59,000. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 4850A Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 4465.5 Yuan, of those out and home is 2911.7 Yuan, of resettlement is 2083.2 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.33, of those out and home is 0.44, of villagers is 0.46. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The water price for inhabitants is 1.21 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.57 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.78 Yuan a ton for industry, enterprises and special trades. At present, Sui County has a waterworks, 5 source wells with a capacity of supplying water daily 5,000 tons. The pipeline coverage rate is low and the popularization rate of water supply is less than 30%. The town industry uses 25,000 tons of water'daily out of private wells. Most of the inhabitants are using manual pump wells and shallow groundwater for everyday life. The water pipelines in use now, the branch network, were built in the 1980s when the waterworks was built up. After excessive period of 20 years of using, problems like erosion, being plugged up, and leakage are common. The new waterworks to be built locates on the crossing point of Lake Ring Road of Chengguan town (the Central Avenue) and the north ring road. It covers 28.77 mu, with a designed daily water supply capacity of 20,000 tons. 3.12 Xiayi County Xiayi County is under the administration of Shangqiu District. It locates in The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 109 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan eastern Henan Province win the town Henan borders with Anhui Province and Shandong Province. It connects with Dangshan County of Anhui Province on the east, with Cao County of Shandong Province on the north, with Yong'an City of Shangqiu District, Haozhou City of Anhui Province on the west. It has a population of 1,120,000, 120,000 of which are town inhabitants. In 2004, the per capita GNP of the County is 4103.4. The whole County lies on the alluvial plain of Yellow River, higher in northwest and lower in southeast, with an altitude varies between 45.8 meters to 50.8 meters. The Huiji River as one of the largest branches of Huai River system flows across the whole County. According to the survey, in 2004, the net income of town inhabitants is 4869.8 Yuan, of those out and home is 2773.1 Yuan, of resettlement is 2095.8 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.36, of those out and home is 0.44, of villagers is 0.45. Details are shown in Table 3-3. There exists a tap waterworks in town with a daily water supply of 4,000 tons while private wells supply 20,000 tons of water a day. Tap water users cover 20% the town inhabitants. Private users take up 80%. At present, water prices are divided into three catalogues: water for everyday inhabitant usage of 1.2 Yuan a ton, water for administration purpose of 1.4 Yuan a ton, water for service purpose of 1.5 Yuan a ton The waterworks to be built has a water supply capacity of 300,000 tons a day. It covers 30 mu and locates on the cultivated land of Luwan village of Caoji rurzl area, with a designed daily water supply capacity of 30,000 tons. 3.13 Zhengcheng County, lying in the east part of Henan Province, under the administration of Shangqiu District, connects Haozhou of Anhui Province on the east, with Sui County on the north, with - on the south and Taikang County on the west with a population of 937,400 including town inhabitants of 117,000. In 2004, the financial income of the County seat is 70 million Yuan. The per capita GNP of the County is 3234.8 Yuan. The whole County lies on the alluvial plain of Yellow River, higher in northwest and lower in southeast, with an altitude varies between 50.8 meters to 55.8 meters. The Wo River, a branch of Huai River system flows across the whole County. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 4336.8 Yuan, of those out and home is 2713.7 Yuan, of resettlement is 1856.4 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.43, of those out and home is 0.46, of villagers is 0.47. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The town has a daily water supply of 6,000 tons while private wells supply 12,000 tons of water a day. Tap water users cover 30% the town inhabitants. Private users take up 70%. The present water resources are groundwater with a daily supply of 6,000 tons and a pipeline leakage rate of 38%. All the enterprises of the County are using private wells for water. At present, water prices fall into five catalogies: 1.10 Yuan a ton for diily life, 1.35 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.80 Yuan a ton for services, 1.80 Yuan

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 1o Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan a ton for commerce, 1.8 Yuan a ton for special trades (sewage disposal fees exclusive) The level of shallow groundwater is 70 meters while the one for deep water is 500 meters. When speaking of water quality, the shallow groundwater above 50 meters is polluted, the reserves between 150 meters to 350 meters are not enough and it is the deep groundwater under 450 meters that is being used now. The waterworks in this project calls for a land of 34.5 mu, which belongs to ShaoYuan village of ShaoYuan rural area. The waterworks bought this land directly from the land administration bureau, which takes legally the land of resettlement in October 2003. The designed daily supply ability is 20,000 tons, groundwater taken as resources. 3.14 Shenqiu County Shenqiu County is under the administration of Zhoukou District. It lies in the east part of Zhoukou District in Henan Province with a population of 1,300,000. It connects with Dancheng County on the north, with on the west, with of Anhui on the east, with of Anhui Province on the south. Shenqiu County administers 8 towns, 13 rural areas and 367 villages with a total land of 1283 square kilometers, that of which used for plantation is 1,080,000 mu. According to the year book of Shenqiu County of 2003, the aquatic products keep growing rapidly; the agriculture production conditions keep being improved and the industry keep increasing quite fast. Industry of that year accomplished an increased value of 0.173 billion, increasing 9.6% comparing with that of the year before. In 2004, the per capita GNP of the County is 3257.5 Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 4134.0 Yuan, of those out and home is 2767.6 Yuan, of resettlement is 2058.0 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.33, of those out and home is 0.45, of villagers is 0.46. Details are shown in Table 3-3. At present, Shengqiu doesn't have a tap waterworks. The tap water company supplies the water directly from the deep wells. It has 8 deep wells and a water supply network covering 10.5 kilometers with a daily supply ability of 5,000 tons, serving mainly some of the town inhabitants living on the north bank of Sha River. The present tap water supply scale is far from being enough. The pipe network is short. The popularization rate of water supply is low. The town inhabitants have troubles in using water and half of them have no tap water to use. The conflict between the supply and the demand is prominent and thus restrained Shenqiu County for economic growth severely and affected the normal lives of inhabitants and the town's further development. The water price for inhabitants is 1.65 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.7 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.9 Yuan a ton for industry, and enterprises, 2.1 Yuan a ton for business and 3.3 Yuan a ton for special trades The new waterworks is to be built on the south bank of , on the east of Zhaofeng Avenue, on the south of the Sencond Middle School of Shenqiu, in the Fengchan River village. It covers 18.77 mu, with a designed daily water supply capacity of 20,000 tons.

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3.15 Xiangcheng City Xiangcheng City lies in the southern part of Zhoukou District, Henan Province, with a distance of 230 kilometers to Zhengzhou in the direction of northwest. It borders Huaiyang County with Sha River (also named Ying River) on the north, connects Shangshui County on the west, with Zhumadian on the south, with Shenqiu County and Linquan County of Anhui Province on the east. In year 2000, Xiangcheng had a population of 156,000. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 7068.7 Yuan. The basic establishments are complete on the whole. According to the layout, it will have a population of 250,000, covering 25 square kilometers in 2005; a population of 300,000, covering 30 square kilometers in 2010 and a population of 400,000, covering 40 square kilometers in 2020. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 5330.0 Yuan, of those out and home is 3395.7 Yuan, of resettlement is 2488.5 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.31, of those out and home is.0.42, of villagers is 0.43. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The present waterworks of Xiangcheng lies on the south Jiankang Road. It was first built in year 1995 and kept running since then with a designed daily water supply ability of 26,500 tons. It has 10 deep wells, a main pipe line of 56.8 kilometers long, a clarified water pool of 500 square meters and facilities as pump house, electricity distribution house, chemicals adding house, analyzing laboratory and office buildings of 2600 square meters. The water supply network, mainly for some inhabitants of the old town, is now in a certain scale. The present tap water supply scale is far from being enough. The pipe network is short. The popularization rate of water supply is low. The town inhabitants have troubles in using water and half of them have no tap water to use. The conflict between the supply and the demand is prominent and thus restrained Xiangcheng City for economic growth severely and affected the normal lives of inhabitants and the town's further development. The water price for inhabitants is 1.7 Yuan a ton for daily life, 2.1 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 2.4 Yuan a ton for for business and 4.3 Yuan a ton for special trades. Contents of this project are mainly the building of waterworks, the pipeline network outside the factory and the exploitation of well-group projects, with a daily water supply scale of 30,000 tons, serves mainly the new city area of Xiangcheng City. The water supply factory project and the well-group project are designed to be located near the XieZhuang village, Chengjiao rural area. The waterworks covers an area of 39.34mu. It is the subterranean watercourses protection area of Xiangcheng and there aren't any sources of pollution in 500 meters around. Besides, the earth surface will not sink down because it is not located in a funnel area. As confirmed by the fieldwork, there are many abandoned kiln holes around that area, which will be filled with water of 30 million tons from Sha River through Zhaohuanggou in the water abundant period, thus to table a great water surface to make a replenishment to groundwater with surface water, according to the long term layout of Xiangcheng government, to ensure the supply of subterrandan water.

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3.16 Xiping County locates in south middle Henan Province, under the administration of Zhumadian District, covering 1,089.77 square kilometers, administering 3 towns, 14 rural areas and a national farm. It has a population of 822,600. The County seat, lying in the east part of the County, the north part of Zhumadian District, is the center of the politics, economy and culture of the County, with a population of 104,000 and a town progress level of 17.6%. In 2004, the per capita GNP of the County is 6346.7 Yuan. According to the general layout, in 2005, the planned town area will dover 14 square kilometers with a population of 150,000 while covering 18 square kilometers in 2010 with a population of 180,000. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 5755.1 Yuan, of those out and home is 3050.3 Yuan, of resettlement is 2822.4 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.29, of those out and home is 0.41, of villagers is 0.42. Details are shown in Table 3-3. The tap waterworks of Xiping County has now 12 deep wells; deep wells (from 80 meters to 150 meters) are used for pumping subterranean water and supplied water directly to users through pipeline network, with an ability to supply water 10,000 tons daily. The private wells have a daily exploitation of 42,000 tons. Although Xiping tap waterworks has the water supply experiences of more than 30 years and certain ability in water supply, tin the town exist some problems. The present water supply ability can't meet the practical needs. Newly built inhabitant areas and units can't have the service because of a limited water supply area. The waterworks are old. The exploitation rate of water is low. The present water supply system takes the way of direct supply from deep wells and the pipe networks are not systematic. It also has low reliability, severe problem of sand gush in water resource wells, a high content of sand in water and even threatens the health of users for having no additional disinfection's system. Besides, there is a great waste in water exploitation, lacking a proper exploitation plan, a well organized and a united administration system, because of the excessive exploitation. The water price for inhabitants is 1.2 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.3 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions and enterprises, 1.4 Yuan a ton for business and 2.0 Yuan a ton for special trades. The new waterworks is to be located in Xiaotian village which is administered by Baiting agency of Chengguan town; to the east of the flood leading channel, to the west of the 107 National Highway which lies to the west the county seat of Xiping. It will requisition 20.1 mu while the factory will actually cover 19.65 mu, with a designed daily water supply capacity of 20,000 tons. 3.17 Suiping County locates in south middle Henan Province, under the administration of Zhumadian District, covering 1,222.89 square kilometers, administering 16 towns and rural areas with a population of 540,000. The County seat, lying in the east part of the County, the north part of Zhumadian District, is the center of the politics, economy and culture of the County, with a population of more than 80,000 in 2001, and a town area of. 18.6 square kilometers. In 2004, the per capita The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 113 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

GNP of the County is 5497.4 Yuan. Recently, Suiping is increasing its basic establishments' construction step by step. According to the general layout, in 2005, the planned town area will cover 20 square kilometers with a population of 100,000 while covering 22 square kilometers in 2010 with a population of 200,000. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 5743.7 Yuan, of those out and home is 3162.5 Yuan, of resettlement is 2276.4 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.28, of those out and home is 0.44, of villagers is 0.46. Now the tap waterworks has 6 deep wells, 13 kilometers of major pipeline for water supply, a daily ability 6,000 tons and a staff of more than 200 people. Although Xiping tap waterworks- was built up early and now has certain ability in water supply, tin the town exist some problems. The present water supply ability can't meet the practical needs. The water supply popularization rate is as low as 35%. The waterworks are old. The exploitation rate of water is low. The present Water supply system takes the way of direct supply from deep wells and the pipe networks are not systematic. It has low reliability and even threatens the health of users for having no additional disinfecting system to ensure the water quality. Besides, there is a great waste in water exploitation, lacking a proper exploitation plan, a well organized and a united administration system, because of the excessive exploitation. Since the water supply power of the tap waterworks is quite limited, most inhabitants and enterprises depend on private wells for water with a daily exploitation of 25,000, thus resulting in a great waste in water resource because of the difficulty in administration. The water price for inhabitants is 1.25 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.3 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions and enterprises, 1.4 Yuan a ton for business and 2.0 Yuan a ton for special trades. To promote the sustainable development of the economy of Suiping, Suiping tap waterworks to be built in the project is to have a capacity of supplying water daily 30,000 tons. The new waterworks is located 2 kilometers away from the newly planned administrative area in the town, covering 25.5 mu, nearby the Wulou village of Chengguan town 3.18 Runan County, lying on the Norh Huai Plain, has a complex hypsography of generally even and low-lying but with intervals of hills and low-lying, higher in south and west, lower in north and east. It is a plain tabled by alluvial Rivers and lakes, with an altitude from 44 meters to 70 meters. The plains cover 1056 square kilometers, taking up 66.8% of the whole. The hills cover 84 square kilometers, taking up 5.3%. The low-lying cover 273 square kilometers, taking up 17.3%. The Suya Lake reservoir covers 167 square kilometers, taking up 10.6%. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 4009.1 Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 4481.1 Yuan, of those out and home is 2959.0 Yuan, of resettlement is 2114.7 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.32, of.those out and home is 0.45, of villagers is 0.47. Runan doesn't have a waterworks in a full sense. The tap waterworks built in

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1959 covers less than 1 mu. It has a capacity of supplying water daily 5,000 tons. Water is directly supplied to users, without disinfecting measures. Most of the enterprises pump water from private wells locating in the area in the town they are, mostly in town, with a daily consuming of 25,000 tons. At present, water prices fall into five catalogues: 1.25 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.5 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.6 Yuan a ton for enterprises, 1.80 Yuan a ton for commerce, 2.0 Yuan a ton for special trades. (sewage disposal fees exclusive) To resolve the problem of inhabitants' water drinking and to promote the sustainable development of the economy, the Runan tap waterworks decides to construct this project, aiming at a daily water supply capacity of 30,000 tons. The new waterworks is located on a vacant land between the south of the north Branch of the Tianzhong Spririt Factory and Chuzhuang village, close to the Kaigong Highway. It covers 30.6 mu. 3.19 Zhengyang County lies in the North Huai Plain, between the area from north latitude 32* 16' to 32* 48 and east longitude 114* 11' to 114' 53' . It is 64.5 kilometers long from east to west, 57 kilometers width from north to west, covering 1889 square kilometers, 1.14% of the Henan Province. Zhengyang has an agriculture land of 1720,000 mu and a population of 730,000. It administers 6 towns, 16 rural areas, 287 villages and 3 inhabitants committees. In 2004, it has GNP of 2.829 billion. The per capita GNP is 3824.9 Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 5188.3 Yuan, of those out and home is 3730.1 Yuan, of resettlement is 2205:0 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.37, of those out and home is 0.41, of villagers is 0.42. Details are shown in Table 3-3-1. Present water supply of the County seat depends on groundwater as resources. It supplies water directly to users with a daily ability of 8,400 tons and a low water supply popularization rate of 35%. Other enterprises and inhabitants use private wells. Now there are 40 private wells in the County seat with a capacity of supplying water daily 18,000 tons. At present, there is a water shortage of 15,600 tons a day. The expected new waterworks will have a daily supply ability of 15,000 tons. At present, water prices fall into five catalogues: 1.2 Yuan a ton for daily life, 1.4 Yuan a ton for administrative institutions, 1.4 Yuan a ton for enterprises, 1.8 Yuan a ton for commerce, 2.0 Yuan a ton for special trades. (sewage disposal fees exclusive) The new waterworks to be built has a designed daily water supply capacity of 15,000 tons and locats in Zoulou village of Chengguan town, where the West Erhuan Road crosses with North Erhuan Road. It has requisitioned 30 mu while the factory will actually cover 20.59 mu, the rest reserved for the second period construction. 3.20 Xincai County Xincai County locates in the east border of Henan Province on the Huanghuaihai Plain, under the administration of Zhumadian District, covering 1,441 square kilometers, administering 23 townships, among which there are 9 towns. It has a population of 1,035,000. The County seat, covering 8 square kilometers of The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 115 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan constructed area and 55.4 square kilometers in layout, is the center of the politics, economy and culture of the County, with a population of 87,000. In 2004, the per capita GNP of the County is 3456.6 Yuan. According to the survey, in 2004, the per capita net income of town inhabitants is 5081.7 Yuan, of those out and home is 3087.7 Yuan, of resettlement is 2190.3 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of town inhabitants is 0.38, of those out and home is 0.41, of villagers is 0.43. At present, the daily water supply with the County seat area is 5,000 tons. The town inhabitants consume 10,000 tons of water from private wells daily and as for enterprises, 4,300 tons. Tap water users take up 26% of the total town population while private well users take up 52%. Water consumption out of private wells takes up 22% of the total. There is no water supply pipeline network in the newly built city area. At present, water prices fall into 5 categories: the water price for daily life of inhabitants is 1.25 Yuan a ton, for administration purpose is 1.4 Yuan a ton, for enterprise consumption is 1.5 Yuan a ton, for commercial purpose is 1.7 Yuan a ton, and for special trades is 2.0 Yuan a ton. (sewage disposal charges not included in all of the above.) The new waterworks is to be built to the south of the Daliang village of Chengguan town, lying in the west of the county seat. It covers 23.60 mu, with a designed daily water supply capacity of 20,000 tons. 3.21 Huangchuan County is located in the center part of Xinyang area, northeastern Henan province. Adjacent to Huaihe River in the north, and Xixian County are in the other bank of the River. Next to Dabieshan Mountain area in the south, and and in the east, stand tin the town. No.106 and No.312 national highway crossing through, Jingjiu railway and Ningxi railway's joint point, commodity distributing center of northeast Henan Province, having the only provincial economic&technological development zone, Huangchuan County is region-centered city situated in the boundary of Hubei, Henan and Anhui Province, which has nation-leveled commissariat warehouse, railway freight locale and the three special railways for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to be constructed. In 2002, Huangchuan covers an area of 22.0 square km. With a population of 216,000 and the industrial output value of 1780 million Chinese Yuan., Among which, the northern region has a population of 120,000 with the covering area of 12.8 square km. and industrial output value of 780 million Yuan. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 5.3439 thousand Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5200 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3207.6 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2100 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.31, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.42 and the countryside resident is 0.44. The document, The Overall Planning of Huangchuan County, ascertains the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 116 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan character of it is to be the mid-sized city, being transportation hinge, regional political, economic, and cultural center, together with characteristic of light industry. While comparing with the rapid development of the economy, the related infrastruciure lags behind. That seriously restricts the Sustainable development of the economy. As far as drainage project is concerned, there is no sewage disposal plant and the drainage pipes are far beyond perfection. Thus, the industrial sewage without disposal and the daily sewage flowing straightly into the Xiaohuanghe River in Huaihe drainage area, the water quality in Xiaohuanghe River has been polluted severely which also has polluted and damaged to environment along the area. Taking a look at the cities with a history in some sort, the environment problem, especially the sewage problem, has been doing harm to ecological system and health of resident because of the indifference to environment and of historical reasons. In the town, the sewage treatment plant to be built has a capacity of sewage disposal of 30 thousand tons per day. The sewage treatment plant covers an.area of 41.76 Chinese mu situated in northeast of county seat and northwestern bank of Xiaohuanghe river; 250 meters west to Xianfeng village of Chengguan town and 1000 meters straight to Ningxi railway. 3.22 Xi'xian County Xixian County stands the northeastern part of Xinyang city, north of Henan province. The County seat is located in the plain area of north of Huaihe River. In 1995's The overall planning of Xixian County, the population is projected to be 850,00 in the year of 2000,120,000 in the year of 20101; the County area is 7 square km. in year of 2000, and 10.8 square km. in year of 2010. According to estimated data, the population of Xixian County is 106,300 presently, and the County area has been beyond the previous layout. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 3066.5 Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004,- the per capita net income of the town resident is 4867.2 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3228.5 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2117.9 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.37, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.43 and the countryside resident is 0.44. The framework of water supply is groundwater. The wells of the tap water corporation and all other units are nonstop water supply. The seven deep wells being all in the middle of the County and the network of water supply being in the old city zone within the moat, the tap water corporation has the water supply capacity of 7000 tons per day. Being no centralized waterworks and adjusting pool, the pattern of water supply is water-pumped. There are 44 wells of their own providing water for industries with the capacity of 22,600 tons per day. Still, some inhabitants get the surface water by way of manmade-pressure wells. The existing water supply problems are all supplied water without sterilization and the overall scale of water supply far behind the needs of all walks of life. Lacking of infrastructure investment, the economy being a new start and the infrastructure being under construct in a large scale leads to the problems. It is hard for the tap waier corporation to self -develop. Presently, the water price is 1 Yuan/ton for daily water, 1.2 Yuan/ton for the

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administrative institutions and enterprises, 1.5 Yuan/ton for commerce and 1.8 Yuan/ton for special trade. (sewage disposal fees exclusive) The waterworks to be built in the project has a capacity of sewage disposal of 20,000 tons per day, and covers an area of 20 mu in the Town just outside the city gate. 3.23 Luoshan ounty is in the north of Henan province, under administrative rule of Xinyang city, adjacent to the northern foot of Dabieshan Mountain and the southern bank of Huaihe River, surrounded by Dawu County and Xinxian County of Hubei province in the sourth, Zhengyang County and Xixian County departed by. Huaihe River in the north, Guangshan County departed by Zhugan River in the east, and Pingqiao district of Xinyang city departed by Shihe River in the west, within the bound of the east longitude of between 1140 10' and 1140 42' and the north latitude of between 310 44' and 320 19' . The administration location is in the north of County area, 48 km. to Xinyang city in the west; 373 km. to Zhengzhou, capital of Henan, in the north; 194 km. to Wuhan, Hubei province, in the north; 328 km. to city, Anhui province, in the east. The increment machining in agricultural and sideline plays the role in Luoshan County, supplementary with spinning industry, chemical industry, structural materials and tourism. The County seat is the political, economic, cultural and industrial center with chemical industry, machinery, foreign trade import and export, spinning .industry, food industry, chinaware, structural materials, etc. The County is 41 km in east-west width, 63 km in north- south length with an area of 2065km; the County seat has a population of 82,000 and covering area 7.4 km. In 2004, the per capita GNP is 4251.2 Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5227.3 Yuan; the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3280.2 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.38, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.43. There is no resettlement in Luoshan by virtue of existence of waterworks sub-network within it. Built in 1982 and the water source from surface water, the waterworks has been carrying out technological innovation with supply capacity of 5000 tons per day. By virtue of deterioration of water quality in latest years, the water quality after technological innovation still is not fit for the need.. So, in 1997, the County's tap water management office extended the original waterworks making use of clearing in it and demolished some buildings. Now, the water supply capacity after extension is 44000 tons per day. There are 4 kinds of water price: 1 Yuan/ton for daily life; 12 Yuan/ton for the administrative institutions and enterprises, 1.5 Yuan/ton for commerce and 1.8 Yuan/ton for special trade. (sewage disposal fees exclusive) This is the subordinate pipe networks to waterworks project, including water pipe networks and its reconstruction, the inflowing pipelines of sewage treatment plant, drainage networks construction and innovation in the city proper and the sewage-pumping station, etc. The area designed is 25k m2. Most of the pipe networks

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is to distribute water were built in the 1980s; the total length of the pipe networks 32.318km. Because of the minor diameter and ageing seriously, and the rate of water leaking is 25%. Most of the water supply networks concentrated on the center of the County seat and its surroundings, but most of the civil office units, the newly built commercial zones, and the regions inhabited are building the water supply networks 3.24 Minggang town, Xinyang city (Pingqiao district) in the Xinyang city is in the south of Henna Province, adjacent to Anhui province east and Hubei province in the south. Huaihe River area in the left and Jianghan plain in the right, it covers the central plain area and is in the common boundary of Henan, Hubei, and Anhui provinces. With the total covering area of 18915km. and the total population of 7.8 milliQn, Xinyang city rules eight counties, respectively, Gushi, and three Guangshan, Luoshan, Huaibin, Xinxian, Shangcheng, Huangchuan, Xixian districts, respectively, Shihe, pingqiao, Yangshan. 38 km to Xinyang city, Minggang town is in the common boundary of Nanyang, Xinyang, Zhumadian cities and Xinyang city, Tongbai, Queshan, Zhengyang counties. Subordinate administratively to Xinyang city, it is one of the eight famous towns in Henan province characterized in metallurgy firstly and regional materials distributing center secondly. In 2003, the GDP is 15 hundred million, the town covers an area of 6.8 square km. and the total population within the water supply region is 72 thousand (flowing population included). While in 2004, per capita GDP is 6288.7 Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita the net income of the town resident is 5478.2 Yuan, the per capita net income of sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3554.1 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2400.3 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.34, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.40 and the countryside resident is 0.43. Water supply station in Minggang town was built in 1993, the water source from Hongshizui reservoir, it has the capacity of 13000 m' /d. The present tap water consumers are 4800 families. Furthermore, the water source from Hongshizui reservoir accommodates consumers without disinfecting and filtration, even colon bacillus and turbidity far beyond national standard. Especially in flood season, the turbidity is such that it is undrinkable and harmful to the health. The other water sources are all of self-providing wells. The water price for daily life in Pingqiao district is 1.2 Yuan/ton. The water supply plant to construct has the capacity of 10000 tons/day. Covering an area of 23.42 mu, the tap waterworks lies in Westside of present water supply station, on plowing fields of Gong village (southwest of cross of No.107 national highway and Gangchang road). 3.25 Yangshan district, Xinyang Yangshan district, Xinyang city Altogether, Yangshan district's overall layout covers an area of 28.8 square km. Among which the western industrial zone covers 10.9 square km. and the eastern industrial zone covers 14 square km. the per capita GDP is 5197.5 Yuan in 2004. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5487.3 Yuan, the per capita net income of the The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 119 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3667.4 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2430.8 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.30, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.42 and the countryside resident is 0.43. Altogether, Yangshan district's overall layout covers an area of 28.8 square km. Among which the western industrial zone covers 10.9 square km. and the eastern industrial zone covers 14 square km. the per capita GDP is 5197.5 Yuan in 2004. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5487.3 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3667.4 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2430.8 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.30, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.42 and the countryside resident is 0.43. There are two waterworks in Xinyang city, respectively, Nanhu and Hudong, which are based on the source of Nanwan reservoir. With a long history and ageing problem of pipes networks, blowout and breakage appear now and then. Still, some families consume groundwater by way of wells of their own; some enterprises and Administrative institutions units make use of wells of their own in spite of water supply networks taking into shape. Presently, the water price in Yangshan district is 1.2 Yuan/ton for daily water, 1.2 Yuan/ton of the administrLtive institutions and 1.5 Yuan/ton for commerce and 1.8 Yuan/ton for special trade. (sewage disposal fees exclusive) Thus, a pressurized station is to be built with the loan of The World Bank. The pressurized station is to cover an area of 30 mu, lying in Chuwang village of Duanwan inhabitants community. Local government will transform the pipe networks. 3.26 Xinye County Xinye is located in southwestern part of Henan province, center of Nanyang basin, and three-ply joint of Tuanhe River, Baihe River, and Tanghe River. within the bound of the east longitude of between 1120 12' 44" and 112' 35' 42" and the north latitude of between 32' 19' 30"and 320 19' 08", it is 53 km long from north to south and 35 km wide form east to west. The County government situated in town, 316km. to Zhengzhou city in the north and 67 km to Nanyang city in the north, Xinye County borders on Hubei province in the south, Nanyang County in the north, in the east and Dengzhou cith in the west. In 2004, the per capita. GDP is 7718Yuan. It rules 14 villages and towns, including 7 organic towns (Xianguan town inclusive, win the town the County seat is in) and 7 villages, with total population of 7258000 (rural population 6362000) and density is 682/square meter. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 4985.5 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3275.8 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2033.9 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.44, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.43 and the countryside resident is 0.45.

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The tap water company has only one waterworks with capacity of 12000 tons per day, catering to 30% demands of the County zone. With increasing extension of County scale and rapid increase of population, the shortage of pipes networks and lacking of water supply capacity has been becoming a serious problem: 90% of industrial enterprises and part of administrative institutions units provide water by wells of their own; this is against national regulation on rational use of limited groundwater and prevention of excessive exploitation. Presently, the water price in Xinye county seat is 1.45 Yuan/ton for daily water, 1.6 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions and enterprises, 2.0 Yuan/ton for commerce and special trade. The tap water company in Xinye County plans to build the second tap waterworks with a capacity of supplying water 20000 tons/day. It is situated in Chengguan Town and in the south district of the county seat and it covers an area of 12 mu. 3.27 Dengzhou city Dengzhou city seat is in the center of ruling area, ruling Dongcheng district and Xicheng district and the outskirts town. Dengzhou city covers an area of 2294.4km 2 ,with total population of 1533000,and ruling 2 districts, 13 towns and 14 town-level villages. The interaction of city-town-village has been strengthening which makes the all-round development. Regarding of reform and opening-up, especially the municipal government, economy in Dengzhou city has been rapidly developing with characteristic industrial system of food, spinning, structure materials, and chemicals machinery. The general economic strength is 4t of all counties within Nanyang city and 21st among 110 counties in Henan province. Of the 25 speeding up urbanization development, the city zone is 18kM 2 and population is 185000. In 2004, per capita GDP is 6940Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5245.5 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3664.lYuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2542.1 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.42, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.41 and the countryside resident is 0.42. There is one tap waterworks within joint of Jiaotong road, Xinhua road and Tuanjie road. Built in 1983,the first-stage project of it has capacity of 10000tons/day and the second-stage of 15000tons/day built in 1992. The water source is in 2 northwestern part of the city zone, called Hanwa(one place), covered 2km . The waterworks exploits fleet stratum water in northern bank of Tuanhe River with 12 wells. The depth of wells is from 60m to 120m, exploitation quantity of each is 80-160m' /h. The service area of water supply within the central city zone --west of Liangcheng road, east of Jiaozhi railway, south of north ring road, and north of Remin road and the other region-south of Renmin road, north of Nanqiao road, east of 2 Jiaotong road, west of Gucheng road. Altogether, the service area is 10kM and the population is 85000 with water supply capacity of 17179 tons/day. The present water supply system is mainly for daily life use and service units with popularization of

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45% and ration of water leak of 20-22%. Presently, the water price in Dengzhou cities and towns is 1.4 Yuan/ton for daily water, 1.8 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions, 1.9 Yuan/ton for enterprises, 2.3 Yuan/ton for commerce, 2.8 Yuan/ton for special trade. The tap waterworks to be built in the project will have a capacity of supplying water 30000 tons/day. It locates 4km away straight to the present waterworks, covering an area of 71.0 mu, the tap waterworks lies in cultivated land of Sanlihe village, Westside of road and Southside of Nanhuan road, southeast of northern county seat. 3.28 Xichuan County Much water, many mountains, less lands, Xichuan is a poor County located in western low-mountain area, and the town is the head-waters of midline project of The South-North Water Diversion Project. The County covers 19 square km. and has a population of 120000 in town, and a total population of 720000 of the County, Xichuan County. is a all-round city: light industry, medical treatment, machinery, structure materials play the leading role; tourism and tertiary industry also play the primary part. In 2004 the GDP is 1400 million Yuan (RMB), the industrial production value is 2000 million Yuan; tertiary industry value is 500 million. City construct, infrastructure, civil establishment and communication equipment are all taken into scales. Following The South-North Water Diversion Project and development of secondary and tertiary industry, the economy and social development have had a steady basis and strength. The per capita GDP comes to 5412.1 Yuan in 2004. Poor and lag behind in economy, weak in infrastructure, the original situation contradicts present city extension, economic development and population increase. The water supply has become a more and more serious problem: the existing two waterworks are far beyond expectation, one is under reject because of unreasonable design and the other has only capacity of 5000 tons /day, not of designed 20000 tons/day. Besides, ill management and disorder exploitation make the water level fall, water quality deteriorate and water supply capacity fall short. The open problems threaten the daily life of inhabitants and restrict the economic development. Therefore, it is a pressing task to build the uniform water supply project to provide ample, health water; also, to ensure the health of inhabitants and steadiness of economic development. Within the County zone, tap water supply capacity is 5000 tons/day, occupying 10% of total population; wells of their own capacity is 45000 tons/day, occupying 90% of total population. The water supply project (the reconstruction-and- extension project) is imperative under situation. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5157.1 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3444.lYuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2255.4 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.38, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.43 and the countryside resident is 0.45. Presently, the water price of urban inhabitants in Xichuan County is 1.5 Yuan/ton

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 122 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan for daily life, 1.7 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions, 2.3 Yuan/ton for enterprises, 2.3 Yuan/ton for commerce and 2.6 Yuan/ton for special trade. The tap waterworks to be built in the project will have a capacity of supplying water 30000 tons/day. It locates in the north part of the county and covers an area of 15.10 mu. It lies in No.1 resident group, Shizui village, Shangji town, on the northern side of Jingxi highway, to the west side of the original No.2 waterworks. 3.29 Sheqi County Ruling 18 towns and 233 administrative villages, total cultivated area of 1,058,000 mu, total population of 630 thousand, Sheqi County is subordinate to Nanyang city, standing on the eastern edge of Nanyan basin, southwest of Henan province, it is adjacent to Biyang County in the east, of Nanyang city in the west, Tanghe County in the south and next to in the north. With Panhe River and Zhaohe River around and Fangtang road, Nanihu road through, the County seat is in northwest of County area. In the year of 2002, it was ascertained key task of aid and exploitation-to- poverty project. The County zone area covers 6.5 sq km and it has a population of 69000. The general hypsography is from southwest down to northeast. In 2004, the per capita GDP accounts to 3946.5Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 4956.9 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3163.6Yuan. and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2213.4 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.35, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.43 and the countryside resident is 0.44. Subordinate to municipal building bureau, the tap water company provides 7000 tons/day to 12000 consumers with its 7 wells. The sources are from groundwater, the way is simple straight-to- consumer, and there is no flux modulation and chlorine sterilization equipment. The water supply popularization is 37%. The pipe networks are mostly in the old city zone; only some sections iri Jianshe road and Beijing road in Xinxi district have pipes and there are no laid pipes in Henan district. Most enterprises and administrative institutions units have wells of their own. The eight consumers, respectively, Shedian Breweries, Pharmaceutical factories, Chemical fertilizer factories, No.1 high school, No.2 high school, tobacco bureau, highway bureau, and the rest house, have 19 wells of their own. The whole County zone has the water supply capacity of 12000 tons/day. Presently, the water price of urban inhabitants in Sheqi County is 1.15 Yuan/ton for daily life, 1.2 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions, 1.35 Yuan/ton for enterprises, 1.5 Yuan/ton for commerce and 2.3 Yuan/ton for special trade. The tap waterworks to be built in the project will have a capacity of supplying water 25000 tons/day. It covers an area of 14.7 mu, lying in the northwest part of county seat. The southwest of the cross of Hongqi road and Xihuan road, in the east of Chengying village of Chengguan Town

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3.30 Subordinate to Pingdingshan city, Baofeng County is located in eastern foot of . It borders on Pingdingshan city in southeast, city in northwest, Jiaxian County to the north, Lushan County to the south. The County seat is in east longitude 113 0 04 ' and north latitude 33 0 52 ' . With County seat-centered perfect railway and highway networks, the transportation system is convenient and interlaced. Jiaozhi railway traverses the County area south to north, and Luobao railway and Jingguang main stem also are within its area. With total population of 480000(urban population is 79000) and area of 722 sq km, Baofeng County rules 8 towns and 5 town-level villages and 1 office. In 2004, the per capita GDP is 8391.lYuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5254.6 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3581.6 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2324.7 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.29, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.42 ind the countryside resident is 0.43. The present waterworks in Baofeng County has a capacity of 25000 tons/day. It caters mainly to urban inhabitants and administrative institutions; some inhabitants and commerce depends on self-run wells and it is the same in enterprises, such as Baofeng alcohol factory. In general, Baofeng County has a water shortage of 15000 tons/day. The present water problem is critical: drainage pipes are by far not perfect, and most of drainage systems now are open drains. Flowing into streams or inland Rivers, sewage pollutes surface water harmful to environment and groundwater harmful to health of inhabitants. The implement of The South-North Mobilization Project will solve water shortage along the Project but also put forward high requirements to protect water along the Project. Meanwhile, the County is in need of perfecting the drainage pipes and building a. sewage treatment plant to prevent the environment around the trunk canal from being polluted and ensure that the water source of The South-North Mobilization Project is not polluted. Presently, the water price of urban inhabitants in Baofeng county seat is 1.7 Yuan/ton for daily life, 2.1 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions, 2.1 Yuan/ton enterprises, 2.4 Yuan/ton for commerce and 4.3 Yuan/ton for special trade. This tap waterworks to be built will have a capacity of 15000 tons /day. Altogether it takes up a land of 17.59 mu (16.92 mu,of plant zone) and standing on top of Fenghuang hill, in northern Huangwa village. It is 400 meters away in.the east to Dazhangzhuang village, 500 meters in the north to Jingchang River. The sewage treatment plant covering an area of 37.8 mu lies in land of Dazhangzhuang village in Zhouzhuang town, on the east side of Donghuan road. The sewage treatment plant is designed to have a treatment capacity of 20000 tons/day and the tail water flows into Jingchang River. 3.31 Jiaxian County Subordinate to Pingdingshan city, Jiaxian County is located in west to center of

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Henan province, transitional terrain from tail Funiu mountain range to eastern plain area. Jiaxian County is surrounded by Xiangcheng County in the east, Ruzhou city in the west, city in the north and Pingdingshan outskirts and Baofeng County in the south. In 2004, the per capita GDP is 5340.5Yuan. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5400.2 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3370.4 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2360.4 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.36, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.43 and the countryside resident is 0.44. Tap water supply project in the County seat began in December 1987. confined by then population and economy, the water supply capacity of the initial scale is only 6500 m' /day with attributing pipes of 5000m. The main pipes extended 12km and water supply area covers6.5 sq km. With the rapid development of County economy, especially the extended building scope, increasing population and the improvement of total economic scale, the real need of water is 20000 tons/day. But by virtue of slow development of tap water, most of manufacturing and daily need of water is based on the wells of their own. This is especially true in industrial field. Being devoid of uniform management, excessive exploitation and mixed pipes networks have become a bitterly critical problem making groundwater level descend fearfully and the water source around the related area destroyed. Especially in low water period, the groundwater level may descend 6 to 10 meters. The wells of their own by early inhabitants have dried out. The contradiction of water supply and demand stands out day after day. Presently, the water price of urban inhabitants in Jiaxian county seat is 0.93 Yuan/ton for daily life, 1.3 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions, 1.35 Yuan/ton for enterprises, 1.4 Yuan/ton of commerce and 1.9 Yuan/ton of special trade. The waterworks to be built has a capacity of supplying water 20000tons/day and locates in Yuchi village, Chengguan town, on the east end of Donghuan road of northeast part of county seat. It covers 18.3 mu. 3.32 The new city zone, Pingdingshan City Pingdingshan city stands in the south-central part of Henan province. Luohe-Baofeng railway traverses the central part of the urban areas, linking with Beijing- railway and Jiaozuo-PanZhihua railway. Highways radiate in all directions. With a superior geographical position, the railroad and highway transportation are very convenient. PingDingshan city is the central city in Henan province, taking energy and chemical engineering as principle. The new city area is the major construction in PingDingshan city with a population of 100,000, along which the city population taking 76,000. Per capita GNP in the whole area has come to 9340.5Yuan in 2004. According to the statistics of the inquisition of the sample inhabitants', in 2004 the per capita net income of the town inhabitants is 5509,4 Yuan, that of those moving to and fro between towns and villages 3633.3 Yuan, and that of the resettlement inhabitants 2326.8 Yuan. The Engel coefficient of the sample urban inhabitants is 0.28,

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 125 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan of those moving to and fro is 0.41, and of the village inhabitants is 0.42. Currently, the relevant sewage treatment works in the new area still remains blank. Along with the economic development of the future, discharge of sewage will increase year by year. If the drainage system and effluent treatment system can't be improved, it will affect the investment environment of the new area seriously and restrict the local economic development and prosperity. The sewage treatment plant will cover an area of 50 mu, near to north bank of Zhan River, east side of Jingying village and west side of Pingjia highway 3.33 Xinxiang County Xinxiang County located on the northern part of the plain area, Henan province, next to the south part of Mount Taihang and the upper Weihe River. Its northeast neighbor is Yanjin County, west is Huojia County, south connects Yuanyang County and north is Xinxiang city and County. The east-to-west width of the County area is 32.7 kilometers and south-to-north length 34.5 kilometers, ruling 6 towns and 1 village as well as a new and high-tech development area. The total area is 523.6 sq km, cultivated land 444,000 mu, and population 426,000. The per capita GNP in the whole County has reached 11167.6 Yuan in 2004, and the County is the only one with the per capita GNP surpassing 10,00OYuan. According to statistics of the inquisition of inhabitants, in 2004 the per capita net income of the inhabitants is 5330.0 Yuan, and the per capita net income of those traveling to and fro between town and village 3935.8 Yuan, and the per capita net income of those resettlement inhabitants 2572.5 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of the sample urban inhabitants is 0.38, of those moving to and fro is 0.39, and of the village inhabitants is 0.41. There is no tap waterworks in Xinxiang County at present. Inhabitants, enterprises and institutions as well as industrial production are all using shallow groundwater from their self-serving wells. Daily water supply is 40,000 tons of groundwater a day. The pressure-station to be built will have a capacity of 20 thousand tons and get water from Municipal.Tap Waterworks. It locates in the northeast of the crossing of Xinhe railway and Binhe road, about 200m away from Xinhe railway. It covers an area of 16.06 mu in Chenguan town, on the east side of People' winning River. 3.34 Mengzhou city Situated in central plain area, northern bank of Huanghe River, southern foot of , Mengzhou city is in northwestern Henan province. It is surrounded by Wenxian County in the east, Jili district of Luoyang city and .JiuYuan city in the west, Xiangcheng County in the north, neighboring Mengjin County and Gongyi city in the south. By right of triangle regional predominance, it has become a city of flourished business, complete function, leading to the center district and the west district by means of engineering industries, chemical industries, food processing and electronic industries play the leading role. The total area of Mengzhou city covers 541.64 sq km and it has the total population of 350000(the city zone covers 10 sq km and the city zone population is The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 126 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

82000). In 2004, the per capita GDP is 6377.2 Yuan. The rapid development in industry, farming, wells of their own enterprises and infrastructure leads to the systemized economic exponent going up. It is one of the 18 experimental counties of Henan province and the city visage has changed greatly in latest years. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5070 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3278 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2462.3 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.39, the sample families to and fro betWeen the countryside and town is 0.40 and the countryside resident is 0.43. The water sources in existence are from wells of their own and from tap water company's centralized source. The 64 wells of their own distribute in large-scale or mid-scale enterprises within city zone. The tap water company controls two water sources: one is No.1 waterworks with capacity of 5000 tons/day and there are three wells in it; the other is No.2 waterworks with designed capacity of 30000 tons/day and there are six wells in it. The water supply company provides 35000 tons/day by way of centralized provision. The rest of water supply depends on wells of their own distributed within the city zone. Presently, the water price of urban inhabitants in Mengzhou city seat is 1.2 Yuan/ton for daily life, 1.5 Yuan /ton for administrative institutions, 1.8 Yuan/ton for enterprises, 1.8 Yuan/ton for commerce and 1.8 Yuan/ton for special trades. The waterworks to be built has a capacity of supplying water 30,000 tons a day. It locates to the south of the Professional School on the south Dadingnan Road and in the South Street of Chengguan town. The waterworks covers an area of 36.6mu. 3.35 Fengqiu County Yellow River flowing through southern and eastern periphery, Fengqiu lies in northeast of Henan province, southeast of Xinxiang city area. It is environed by Kaifeng city and Lankao County separated by Yellow River, by Huaxian County and County in the north and northeast, and by Yanjin County and Yuanyang County in the west and southwest. 100 km to Zhengzhou, 62 km to Xinxiang, only 30 km to Kaifeng, the County seat is located in west to center of the County zone in which the inartificial trench flows through the south part in southwest to northeast direction and Wenyanshi branch canal runs through the County seat in south to north direction. The transportation system is so perfect that around the County seat, there is Fengcao highway in the south, No.106 national highway in the east, Xinhe railway (Xinxiang toHeze) in the north and that Xinchang (Xinxiang to ChangYuan) highway just goes through the County seat. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 4940.0 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3163.6 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2055.9 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.44, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.45 and the countryside resident is 0.43. As for living water, there is one waterworks in the County seat with 4

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 127 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan groundwater wells and with a designed capacity of 8000 tons a day (3000tons/day actually). The water supply pipes networks now in County seat are altogether 23.5 km. As for the industry-consuming water, it is wells of their own with total capacity of 25000 tons/day. And still, the ageing and imperfection of pipes networks have had influenced on people's life. Along with the development of industrial production, the increase of urban population and improvement of people's standard of living, the requirement of water supply is in urgent agenda; besides, the pipe networks are not perfect and far behind construction. It is indispensable to solve these problems to inspire the manufacture and the economy and to move over the hindrance. Along with the development of industrial production, the increase of urban population and improvement of people's standard of living, the requirement of water supply is in urgent agenda. Water price of urban inhabitants is 1.2 Yuan per ton for daily life. The other fields and units, such as administrative institutions, enterprises, commerce and special trades, etc., depend on self-providing wells. The tap waterworks is planned to have a capacity of supplying water 25000 tons per day and has expropriated a land of 26.32 mu. It lies in Beijie village, Chengguan town lying in the southwestern corner of the crossing of Fenghua Road and Century Street.

3.36 Xiangcheng County Xiangcheng County is in the central part of Henan province, belonging to PingDingshan city, Henan province. It's located in the western edge of Huanghuai Plain. It adjoins Yuzhou city in the north, Xuchang in the northeast, in the east, PingDingshan city in the west and and in the south. It's the only access to Nanyang, PingDingshan, Xiangfan and Xi'an from Xuchang. Xiangcheng County is situated by the north Riverside of Ru River and next to Mount Shoushan in the south. It's surrounded by Luo boundary highway in west, north and east. 311 National Freeways runs from northeast to southwest across the whole County heart, connecting the south part and north part into a whole. From the south Zhengzhou's highway to Zhengzhou is about 1001 kilometers. It's about 36 kilometers from 311 national Highway to the center of Xuchang city. It is 147 kilometers away from Nanyang City by way of No.311 National Highway in the southwest. It is 157 kilometers away from Luoyang. by way of the highway in the northeastern Luoyang. Through several years' development, Xiangcheng County has become the political, economic and cultural center of the whole area. Gradually it becomes a comprehensive city, with the agricultural by-products industry and the machine industries playing major roles, and serving in the coal industry. The total land area of the whole County is 1345,000 mu, among which cultivated land taking 828,000mu. The cultivated land is 76.98% of the whole areas. The farm crop regards food as principle, and the cash crop mainly has the tobacco leaves. Up to the end of 2004, the population of the County is 120,000, among which the permanent population is 92,300 and the floating population is 277,000. The GDP of the whole County amounted to 3,560 million dollars in 2004.

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Based on the statistics of investigating sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5005.0 Yuan; the per capita net income of the sample families moving to and fro between countryside and town is 3044.8 Yuan; the per capita net income of the sample resettlement families is 2131.5 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.39; that of the sample moving families between countryside and town is 0.41 and that of the countryside resident is 0.42. The water resource is much more abundant and has good replenishment condition. Ru River and Ying River run through the whole County. Ru River is the main River flowing through the County. 10 kilometers away from the southeast County, there is a big dam of Dachen with the capacity of 15,000,000 cubic meters. The present water supply is 6,000 tons per day. There are 4 wells. The industry is self-provided all with the water. But the existing water supply can only overlay 30% of the total area, 16% of urban inhabitants and about 92,400 people haven't used the tap water. Water for daily -life in some areas depends on straight superficial underground water by way of man-made pressure wells. Because the Ru River water in the County city district has already been severely polluted, the shallow layer groundwater base also been polluted, a great deal of inhabitants of the County city can't drink the water which should reach the standard. It's dangerous for people to drink polluted water over a long period of time, so it is urgent to resolve to reach water supply problem. Water price of urban inhabitants is 1.2 Yuan per ton for daily life. The other fields and units depend on self-providing wells. The tap waterworks, to be built will have a supply capacity of 20 thousand tons per day. It is adjacent to Zhengnan highway (Zhengzhou to nanyang) in the west, close to Luojie highway (Luoyang to Jieshou) in the north, on the southern bank of Beiruhe River. It expropriated a land of 32.1 mu (31.5 mu for plant zone) and 2 km away from county seat. It lies in the land of Chengguan town. 3.37 Ruling 16 towns and villages and population of 630000, covering an area of 2465 sq km., Neixiang County, subject to Nanyang city, lies in southwest of Henan province. Geographically, it stands in the southern foot of Funiu Mountain and western edge of Nanyang basin. 67 km away from Nanyang city, with the population of 80000, the County seat is the political, economic and cultural center. The transportation system is convenient geographically that makes it commercially great in papermaking, chemical industry, machinery, metallurgy, building materials, silk carpet and drinks industry. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 4781.4 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 2675.2 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2065.4 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.42, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.46 and the countryside resident is 0.43. The tap water in Neixiang County has a late start. There is no uniform water-supply establishment before October 1980 and the first well was set up in

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September 1981. Presently, there are 3 systems: the system of tap waterworks', the system enterprises' self-serving wells and the system of the papermaking factory to draw water from Tuanhe River as their water sources. The existed tap waterworks has a capacity of supplying water8000 tons/day and self-serving wells have a capacity of 4000 tons/day. The capacity of the self-serving wells and the self-serving water sources adds up to 18,000 tons a day. Now the total capacity of supplying water is 30,000 tons a day. A sewage treatment plant is to be built at the same time in the county seat. The complementary sewage treatment factory is designed to have a capacity of treating sewage 30,000 ml/day. This is based on the County zone's general layout, the-analysis of sewage quantity, the sewage caption of drainage pipes, and the estimation of the future situation. It covers'35 mu and stands in Chengguan town, within Binhe road and Huanchengnan road, mouth to Tuanhe River of Huangshui River. 3.38 Yima County 12.5 km long from east to west and 9 km broad from south to north, with the total area of 112 sq kIn, Yima city, subordinate to Sanmenxia city, is located in western part of Henan province. It is adjacent to in north, west, and south, bordering on Xin'an County in the east, 60 km to Sanmenxia in the west, and 180 km to Zhengzhou in the east. Longhai railway, No.310 national highway, and expressways go through the city zone in a parallel way. The city zone area covers 15.35 sq km and it has a population of 150000 in 2002. According to the general layout, the city zone area will be up to 20.8 sq km, the total population will be up to 200000, and per capita building land for one person is 104 sq m. Yima city is coal-based industrial city. In recent years it has constantly adjusted its industrial structure, devoted itself to the strategic objective of sustained development, make great efforts to use coal on the spot to develop comprehensive industries, such as power industry, coal-chemical industry, chemical industry and other non-coal industry work, etc. And it has formed a pattern of great industry of small city. It has taken shape in coal, gas, electricity, chemistry, medicine in the past 20 years. Based on the statistic data to sample resettlement families, in 2004, the per capita net income of the town resident is 5395.0 Yuan, the per capita net income of the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 3355.0 Yuan and the per capita net income among sample resettlement families is 2782.5 Yuan. The Engle coefficient of sample town families is 0.34, the sample families to and fro between the countryside and town is 0.39 and the countryside resident is 0.39. Two waterworks are in Yima city now: one is belonging to mineral service bureau (built in 1986, the designed capacity of 10000tons/day); the other is belonging to municipal refining plant company, Ltd. (the now supply capacity of 133000 tons/day). Yima city is in short of water seriously. In order to solve the water problem in Yima and Mianchi, SanMenxia government set up the "water transfer project from Yellow River in Huaiba, SanMenxia city, Henan province" with loans from Asia Bank, and that engineering will be finished at the end of 2005. At the same time, the matched work for transferring water in Huaiba from Yellow River Yima by water

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 130 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan supply limited company has started in 2001 and the work has been placed as the project the Asian Development Bank loan item. In the first phase construction, the amount of water supply is 33,000 tons. By the end of June 2003, the construction of water for living would be finished and put into production. The second phase construction the amount of water supply is 100,000 tons. The total capacity of the two is supplying water of 133,000 tons a day. The construction of industrial water would be completed by the end of October 2005. Subjected to the restriction of investment, Yima city supply water net couldn't match the equipment of the water treatment plant so that the water treatment plant couldn't produce the best investment results. Several large-scale industries are in the process of construction. However, the finished industries and enterprises have stopped production because of the unsolved water shortage problem. Therefore, to amplify the water distribution system in the city has become an urgent matter of the moment. Presently, the water price of urban inhabitants in Yima city is 2.4 Yuan/ton for daily life, 3.2 Yuan/ton for administrative institutions, 3.3 Yuan/ton for enterprises, 4.5 Yuan/ton for commerce and 9.6 Yuan/ton for special trades. Layout and innovation of pipes networks this time is made only within the urban district and so there is no question of expropriation. 3.39 (being not a sample county) Queshan County stands on the southwest edge of Huanghuai Plain, win the town Tongbai and Funiu mountains linked. Queshan County, a state-level poor County, is under the jurisdiction of ZhuMadian city. It is a region bounded on the east by Runan County and Zhengyang County, on the south by Xinyang city and , on the west by Miyang County and on the north by ZhuMadian city. From south to north is about 66 km, and from east to west is about 56 km, with the whole County area 1711 sq km. Queshan County seat is in the northeast - central part of Queshan region. The County seat is the post of the three administration of the County government, Panlong town and Sanlihe town and the field battle troops as well as the political, economic and cultural center of the whole County. Trade and tourism takes predominant places in this comprehensive city. The County city's transportation is convenient, with Beijing - Quangzhou Railwayand 107 National Freeway lying north and south. In addition, the east suburb situated next to the Beijing- superhighway. The electrical equipment inside the city area is perfectly appointed and telecommunication network is radiating in all directions. The existing population is 96,000, and according to the project "overall planning of Queshan County", the population would be 105,000 in 2005 and 120,000 in 2010. The per capita per capita GNP has got to 4767.4Yuan in the whole County in 2004. Queshan County water supply limited company, an enterprise owned by the whole people, was established in April 2001. Combined from the previous water management station and Queshan water supply point, it is in the charge of he County government Queshan water supply limited company has 5 wellheads with the day water supply of 4,600 tons per day. There is a surface waterworks, planning to supply water 15,000 tons per day, however, due to the unqualified water distribution system in the city area, the actual day water supply is 11,000 tons per day, and Boshan

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 131 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan reservoirs is its water source. The tap waterworks to be built will have a capacity of supplying water of 15000 tons per day. It stands in Chengguan town that lies at the foot of Guanshan hill, on the east side of Provincial Cement Factory. It covers an area of 21.98 mu as plant zone. 3.40 Luyi County (being not a sample county) Luyi County stands on the eastern edge of Henan province, belonging toZhoukou City. It is next to Zhecheng County, which is under Shangqiu city and adjacent to Bozhou city, Anhui province in the east, Taikang County and Huaiyang County in the west, and Dancheng County in the south. From east to west is 53.5 km and south to north 41.6 km. The whole area is 1247.6 sq km. It's about 260 km far away from Zhengzhou city, 105 km to Zhoukou city. It had been in charge of 8 towns and 14 villages up to the year of 2000. The population of-the whole County is 1,180,000, among which 150,000 people are non-agricultural inhabitants. Luyi County is distributing center of agricultural, sideline and industrial products, the national-class cultural relic protection unit, the tour destination for searching for root, hometown of the founder of morals- Lao Tze. According to the "overall planning of Luyi County", it is estimated that the whole County population of 2010 would be 1,224,000 and the town population would be 250,000. The per capita GDP is 4903.9 Yuan in 2004. There is a waterworks in Luyi County Water Company, set up in 1969, covering 0.35 hectares. Tin the town exist three shallow wells and two deep wells, with the water supply of 4000 cubic meters per day. The tap water universality rate has up to 30% of the existing city area population, going together with 3 kilometers of the pipes networks. The tap waterworks to be built will have a water supply capacity of 30 thousand tons/day, standing within Chengguan town on the northern bank of Jisandao River, crossing of southern end of Jianshe road and Nanhuan road. It covers 31.5 mu.as plant zone.

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Appendixes to chapter 4

4.1 The population structure and social economic characteristics of the

sample urban families surveyed

4.1.1Yuanyang County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Yuanyang County, the population structure show that the total population is 76 (3.80 people per family), in which 39 are males and 37 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.95; As surveyed, 51 people falls into the work force population, accounting for 67.11% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 5.26% of the total; 21 children, making up 27.63% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 8 people have the higher education, occupying 6.58% of the total; 62 people have the secondary education, accounting for 81.58% of the total; 8 adults have or is receiving the primary education, making up 10.53% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any. education (that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education), constitute 1 person, taking up 1.32% of the total. There are 46,000 people in Yuanyang County. Those who work in government and institutions add up to 1300, accounting for 2.83% of the total population in this County. The employees in enterprises add up to 10200, the majority of whom are the inhabitants of the old town, making up about 22.17% of the total. They mainly work in factories in Yuanyang city such as the chemical fertilizer factory, the machine factory, the textile mills and some institutions. The businessmen reach 2400, about 5.22% of the total population of the whole County. They are mainly engaged in restaurant, store and service, etc. Among the employees, those who work in the local places reach 8700, about 18.19% of the total population. Those who work in other places reach 2300, about 0.5% of the total population, mainly distributing in Xinxiang City, Zhengzhou City, , and other places. Workers who go into transportation reach 1000, about 2.154% of the total population. Students, the elders and other people reach 20100, about 43.72% of the total population in the whole County. According to the regulations by Yuanyang government, the poverty line of the low-income family is 80 Yuan per person per month. If the monthly per capita income of the inhabitants is lower than 80 Yuan, government will make up the difference. This is the specific operation procedure: every month, the domestic affairs office, referring to the result of the town inhabitants' committee, presents the list of the poor people, and then carries on after a selective check is made to make sure of no errors. The officials and workers in Yuanyang County usually have a stable income. The officers and workers in public institution have per capita income of 14330 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9645 Yuan a year, the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 133 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan businessmen have per capita income of 21440 Yuan a year. Compared with the three professions mentioned above, employees' income usually changes greatly and is easily affected by various factors of outside world. According to the investigation, the average income of a local skilled worker is 7235 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6222 Yuan a year; of non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 21055 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12382 Yuan a year. As to the workers being engaged in transport service, their income is closely related to the development of the local economy. They usually have per capita income of 28600 Yuan a year, and others have per capita income of 3250 Yuan a year. The town inhabitants and workers have their own houses, and the average housing area for each person is 26.2 m'. 85% is of brick-concrete construction, 15% is of brick -timber construction. The enterprises owners and the officials enjoy better housing condition and live in the two storied buildings, which are lukuriously decorated inside and outside. The laid-off workers and the waiting-for-a-job workers are usually in poor housing conditions and their houses are simply decorated inside and without any decoration outside.

4.1.2Weishi County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Weishi County, the population structure shows that th. total. population is 65 (3.25 people per family), in which 34 are males and 31 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.91; As surveyed,. 45 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 69.23% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.62% of the total; and 17 children, making up 26.15% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 4 people have the higher education, occupying 6.15% of the total; 50 people have the secondary education, making up 76.92% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, accounting for 13.85% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 2 people, taking up 3.08% of the total The population of this County is totally 130,000. The number of people who work in government and institutions amounts to 3200, about 2.46% of the total population. of the whole County. And the number of workers in enterprises amounts to 37 800, about 29.08% of the total population. The number of businessmen reaches 12 500, about 9.62% of the total population, and they mainly go into such professions as restaurant, store, service and so on. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 13,600, about 10.46% of the total population; those who work outside reach 11,500, occupying 8.85% of the total. The number of workers in transportation is 2900, about 2.21% of the total population. The number of students, old men, and unemployed people is 48,500, about 37.33% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15557 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9674 Yuan a year, the businessmen can have per capita income of 24658 Yuan a Year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7365 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 134 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan worker is 6478 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19857 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10538 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 31500 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3335 Yuan a year. 95% of the town inhabitants and workers have their own houses. The average housing area for each person is 23.5m'. The rest live in the dormitories. 90% of the houses are of brick-concrete construction, 10% brick-timber. The enterprises owners and government officials enjoy better housing condition and usually live in two storied buildings, while the laid-off workers and the waiting-for-a-job workers live in the simple houses.

4.1.3Tongxu County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Tongxu County, the population structure shows that the total population is 69 (3.45 people per family), in which, 36 are males and 33 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.92; As surveyed, 48 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 69.57% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.35% of the total; 18 children, making up 26.09% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 3 people have the higher education, occupying 4.35% of the total; 58 people have the secondary education, accounting for 84.06% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 8. 70% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 2 person, taking up 2.90% of the total The population of this County is totally 38,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 1200, about 3.16% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 12,700, about 33.47% of the total population, and they mainly work in the leather factory, textile mill, wine factory, chemical fertilizer factory, paper mill, materials factory and some institutions in Tongxu County. The businessmen reach 2100, about 5.53% of the total population. Among the employees, those whQ work in the local place reach 5700, about 15.00% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 900, about 2.37% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 1200, about 3.28% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 14,100, about 37.19% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15888 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9275 Yuan a year, the businessmen have a stable income, which is 23580 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7234 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6256 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19780 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11425 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transport service is 30450 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3400 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 98% have their own houses, the rest are

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 135 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan tenants. The average housing area for per person is 27.5 m2.2 Of the housing construction, 88% is of brick-concrete, 12% brick-timber. The enterprises owners and the ordinary government officials enjoy better housing conditions, while laid-off workers are in poor housing conditions.

4.1.4Lankao County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Lankao County, the population structure shows that the total population is 76, with an average of 3.80 people per family; among the total, 39 are males and 37 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.95; As surveyed, 52 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 68.42% of the total; and besides, there are 5 elders, occupying 6.58% of the total; 19 children, occupying 25.00% of the total. As for the education level of the sample family, 8 people have the higher education, occupying 10.53% of the total; 60 people have the secondary education, occupying 78.95% of the total; 7 adult have received or are receiving the primary education, occupying 9.21% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 1 person, taking up 1.32% of the total. s The population of urban inhabitants in Lankao County is totally 100,000. The number of people who work in government and ;nstitutions is 2400, about 2.40% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 34,500, about 34.5% of the total population, and they mainly work in enterprises in Lankao County. The businessmen reach 5400, about 5.40% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 14,300, about 14.30% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 1900, about 1.90% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 3800, about 3.81% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 37,700, about 37.69% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 14784 Yuan a year, and the enterprise workers have per capita income of 9471 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 25800 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7132 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6386 Yuan; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 17824 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 9887 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32110 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2800 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 97% have their own houses, and 3% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 28.4 in2 . Of the housing construction, 86% is of brick-concrete, 14% brick-timber. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary government officials enjoy better housing conditions, while laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 136 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

4.1.5Taikang County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Taikang County, the population structure shows that the total population is 72 (3.60 people per family), in which 37 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.95; As surveyed, 48 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 66.67% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 5.56% of the total; 20 children, making up 27.78% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 7 people have the higher education, occupying 9.72% of the total; 58 people have the secondary education, accounting for 80.56% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 8.33% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 1 person, taking up 1.39% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Taikang County is totally 98,000. There are 2900 people who work in government and institutions, about 2.96% of the total population. The number of workers who work in enterprises is 32,400, about 33.06% of the total population. The employees in factories and enterprises mainly refer to the formal employees in factories and enterprises in Taikang County. Businessmen reach 5900, about 6.02% of the total population, mainly engaged in the merchandise wholesale, meat process, food process and so on. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 18,700, about 19.08% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 1700, about 1.73% of the total population, mainly in the southeast coastal areas such as , , Zhuhai, and some inland cities such as Jiangsu, Anhui, etc. The employees are mainly distributed in service and construction, and the percentages of male workers and female workers are respectively 60% and 40%. Workers who go into transportation reach 2900, about 2.96% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 33500, about 34.18% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 16156 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10025 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 28468 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7431 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6453 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 20587 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 13852 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 34500 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2500 Yuan a year. The inhabitants here have a better living condition because this County is a rich one. The average housing area for per person is 30.2m . Of the inhabitants and workers, 97.5% have their own houses, and 2.5% are tenants. The housing construction is of brick-concrete. The richer businessmen and the ordinary officials enjoy better housing conditions. Their houses are big and well decorated.. While laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 137 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

4.1.6Mengiin County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Mengjin County, the population structure shows that the total population is 68 (3.40 people per family), in which 34 are males and 34 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1; As surveyed, 50 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.53% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.41% of the total; 15 children, making up 20.06% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 4 people have the higher education, occupying 5.88% of the total; 55 people have the secondary education, making up 80.88% of the total; 7 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, accounting for 10.29% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 2 people, taking up 2.94% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Mengjin County is totally 65,000. There are 1800 people who work in government and institution, about 2.77% of the total population. The number of workers who work in enterprises is 22,800, about 35.086% of the total population. Businessmen reach 4200, about 6.46% of the total population, mainly engaging in the restaurant, merchandise store, super market, clothing and so on. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 10,100, about 15.54% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 600, about 0.92% of the total population. The workers in transportation reach 1900, about 2.89% of the total population. Transportation mainly covers freight transportation and passenger transportation, having the percentage of 65% and 35%, respectively. And the routes of the passenger transportation are all in the towns and villages and the peripheral regions in Mengjin County. The passengers are mainly those employees going to and fro between towns and countryside between cities and villages, and those who usually go out to seek a job, which forms a relative stable source of passengers. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 23,600, about 36.34% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15792 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10228 Yuan a year, but the town businessmen have per capita income of 26550 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7115 Yuan, and that of an ordinary worker is 6500 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 18876 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11545 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32580 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3445 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 96% have their own houses, and 4% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 31.0 in2 . Of the housing construction, 90% are of brick-concrete, 10% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 138 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

4.1.7Xinan County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xinan County, the population structure shows that the total population is 80 (4.00 people per family), in which 40 are males and 40 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1; As surveyed, 56 people falls into the work force population, accounting for 70.00% of the total; and besides, there are 7 elders, occupying 8.75% of the total; 17 children, making up 21.25% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 8 people have the higher education, occupying 10.00% of the total; 64 people have the secondary education, making up 80.00% of the total; 7 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, accounting for 8.75% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 1 person, taking up 1.25% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xin'an County is totally 80,000. The number of people who work in government and institutions is 2800, about 3.50% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 24,600, about 30.75% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7900, about 9.88% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 12,700, about 15.88% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 1100, about 1.38% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2600, about 3.29% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 28,300, about 35.34% of the total population. The officials have per capita income of 15925 Yuan a year. The workers of the public institution and the enterprise have per capita income of 11450 Yuan a year. The town businessmen have per capita income of 26980 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7318 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6821 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19960 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12374 Yuan. The average income of the workers in transportation is 33680 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3540 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 94% have their own houses, and 6% are 2 tenants. The average housing area for per person is 29.5 m . Of the housing construction, 90% are of brick-concrete, 10% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.8Yiyang County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Yiyang County, the population structure shows that the total population is 69 (3.45 people per family), in which 36 are males and 33 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.92; As surveyed, 48 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 69.75% of the total; and besides, there are 2 elders, making up 2.90% of the total; 19 children, occupying 27.54% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 6 people have The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 139 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan the higher education, accounting for 8.70% of the total; 52 people have the secondary education, occupying 75.36% of the total; 8 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 11.59% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 person, taking up 4.35% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Yiyang County is totally 118,000. The number of people who work in government and institutions is 3800, about 3.22% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 37,200, about 3 L.55% of the total population. The businessmen reach 9600, about 8.14% 6f the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local places reach 18,600, about 15.76% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 7500, about 6.36% of the total populafion. Workers who go into transportation reach 3800, about 3.24% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 37,500, about 31.76% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15795 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10158 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 25400 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 6886 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6549 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 18630 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10860 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32165 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3100 Yuan. 95.5% of the town inhabitants and workers have their own houses, and 4.5% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 40.3 m2 . Of the housing construction, 88% is of brick-concrete, 12% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.9

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Song County, the population structure shows that the total population is 64 (3.20 people per family), in which 33 are males and 31 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.94; As surveyed, 47 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.44% of the total; and besides, there are 2 elders, occupying 3.13% of the total; 15 children, making up 23.44% of the total. As for the education level of the sample family, 6 people have the higher education, occupying 9.38% of the total; 47 people have the secondary education, accouUting for 73.44% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 9.38% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 7.8 1% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Song County is totally 97,600. The number of people who work in government and institution is 3100, about 3.18% of the total

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 140 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 35,400, about 36.27% population. The businessmen reach 6800, about 6.97% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 9900, about 10.14% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 6900, about 7.07% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 3100, about 3.17% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 32,400, about 33.21% of the total population. Mengjin County, Xinan County, Yiyang County, and Song County are all counties in Luoyang City, therefore, most of the life style and customs are almost the same, and so is the selection of the working places, which are mainly distributed in Luoyang City, Zhengzhou City, Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, etc. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15730 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10230 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 26754 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 6984 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6322 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19250 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11550 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 31960 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2886 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 93.7% have their own houses, and 6.3% are 2 tenants. The average housing area for per person is 31.2 m . Of the housing construction, 91% is of brick-concrete, 9% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.10Xia County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xia County, the population structure shows that the total population is 48 (2.40 people per family), in which 24 are males and 24 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1; As surveyed, 35 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 72.92% of the total; and besides, there is 1 old person, occupying 2.08% of the total; 12 children, making up 25.00% of ihe total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 1 person has the higher education, occupying 2.08% of the total; 38 people have the secondary education, accounting for 79.17% of the total; 5 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 10.42% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 4 people, taking up 8.33% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Shan County is totally 120,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 3800, about 3.17% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 40 200, about 33.5% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7500, about 6.25% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 12,300, about 10.25%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 141 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 10,200, about 8.50% of the total population, mainly in Xi'an, Beijing and so on. Workers who go into transportation reach 3700, about 3.04% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 42,400, about 35.29% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 17178 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11246 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 27080 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7842 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6745 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of it skilled worker is 18965 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12485-Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 33660 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3625 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 97.3% have their own houses, 'and 2.7% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 35.4 m2 . Of the housing construction, 89.8% are of brick-concrete, 10.2% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.11Sui County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Sui County, the population structure shows that the total population is 61 (3.05 people per family), in which 31 are males and 30 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 45 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.77% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 6.56% of the total; 12 children, making up 19.67% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 5 people have the higher education, occupying 4.92% of the total; 44 people have the secondary education, accounting for 72.13% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 14.75% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have 1less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 8.20% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Sui County is totally 80,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2600, about 3.25% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 27,000, about 33.75% of the total population. The businessmen reach 4300, about 5.38% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 12,100, about 15.13% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 5800, about 7.25% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2700, about 3.38% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 25,500, about 31.88% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 14924 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9862

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 142 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 23668 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7234 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6246 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of one skilled worker is 20046 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11486 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 31225 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3010 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 95% have their own houses, and 5% are 2 tenants. The average housing area for per person is 22.0 in . Of the housing construction, 92% are of brick-concrete, 8% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary government officials haye better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job. workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.12Xiayi County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xiayi County, the population structure shows that the total population is 63 (3.15 people per family), in which 32 are males and 31 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 46 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.02% of the total; and besides, there is 1 old person, occupying 1.59% of the total; 16 children, making up 25.40% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 3 people have the higher education, occupying 4.76% of the total; 50 people have the secondary education, accounting for 79.37% of the total; 7 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 11.11% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 people, taking up 4.76% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xiayi County is totally 120,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4100, about 3.42% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 34 100, about 32.00% of the total population. The businessmen reach 6400, about 5.33% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 19,700, about 16.42% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 6900, about 5.75% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 4200, about 3.51% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 40,300, about 33.58% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 14950 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9950 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 24539 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7115 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6328 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of A skilled worker is 21468 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11560 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32580 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3125 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 94% have their own houses, and 6% are

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 143 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan tenants. The average housing area for per person is 35.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 89% are of brick-concrete, 11% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workeis have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.13Zhecheng County

In, the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Zhecheng County, the population structure shows that the total population is 75 (3.75 people per family), in which 36 are males and 39 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.08; As surveyed, 56 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 74.67% of the total; and besides, there are 5 elders, occupying 6.67% of the total; 14 children, making up 17.11% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 11 people have the higher education, occupying 14.67% of the total; 50 people have the secondary education, accounting for 66.67% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 12.00% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 6.67% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Zhecheng County is totally 117,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2900, about 2.48% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 33,600, about 31.28% of the total population. The businessmen reach 5200, about 4.44% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 10,600, about 9.06% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 5700, about 4.87% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 5300, about 4.53% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 50,700, about 43.33% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 14906 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9870 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 23225 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7088 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6228 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19265 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10445 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 30440 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2900 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 90% have their own houses, and 10% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 26.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 91% are of brick-concrete, 9% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better .housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions. Sui County, Xiayi County and Zhecheng County are all located in Shangqiu City

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 144 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan in Eastern Henan Province, their life style and customs are almost the same. And because these areas are close to Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province, most of the employees choose to work in Jiangsu and Anhui Province, and a handful of them in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong and other provinces.

4.1.14Shenqiu County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Shenqiu County, the population structure shows that the total population is 76 (3.80 people per family), in which 37 are males and 39 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.05; As surveyed, 56 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.68% of the tQtal; and besides, there are 7 elders, occupying 9.21% of the total; 13 children, making up 17.11% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 8 people have the higher education, occupying 10.53% of the total; 52 people have the secondary education, accounting for 68.42% of the total; 12 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 15.79% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 4 people, taking up 5.26% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Shenqiu County is totally 130,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4700, about 3.62% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 43,800, about 33.69% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7900, about 6.08% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 13,700, about 10.54% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 19,200, about 14.77% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 3600, about 2.78% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 37,100, about 28.53% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 13728 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 8975 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 21009 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 6520 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 5840 Yuan a year; the average income of a skilled worker is 20012 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12005 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 27600 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2400 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 92% have their own houses, and 8% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 26.0 in2 . Of the housing construction, 98.6% are of brick-concrete, 1.4% brick-wood. Compared with the ordinary inhabitants, the enterprises owners and the ordinary officials have better housing conditions; laid-off workers and waiting-for-a-job workers have comparatively worse housing conditions.

4.1.15Xiangcheng City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xiangcheng city, the population structure shows that the total population is 69 (3.45 people per family), in which 35

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 145 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan are males and 34 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 57 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 82.61% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.35% of the total; 9 children, making up 13.04% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 7 people have the higher education, occupying 10.14% of the total; 50 people have the secondary education, accounting for 72.46% of the total; 10 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 14.49% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 people, taking up 5.36% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xiangcheng County is totally 220,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4600, about 2.09% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises0the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 80,300, about 36.51% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 16646 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11220 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 27908 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7725 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6685 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19880 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11240 YuaA a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 34200 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3100 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 87% have their own houses, and 13% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 30.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 65% are of brick-concrete, 35% brick-wood. Shenqiu County and Xiangcheng City both belong to Zhouchou City. Most of the employees also choose to work in Jiangsu and Zhejiang province, and a handful of them in Guangdong, Shandong, Shanghai, etc.

4.1.16Xiping County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xiping County County, the population structure shows that the total population is 56 (2.80 people per family), in which 29 are males and 27 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.93; As surveyed, 42 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 75.00% of the t6tal; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 5.36% of the total; 11 children, making up 19.64% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 2 people have the higher education, occupying 3.57% of the total; 40 people have the secondary education, accounting for 71.43% of the total; 11 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 19.64% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 people, taking up 5.36% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xiping County is totally 151,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 5000, about 3.31% of

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 146 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 44,000, about 29.4% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7800, about 5.17% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 20,300, about 13.44% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 8500, about 5.63% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 6200, aboit 4.09% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 58,800, about 38.95% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 16940 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11450 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 28720 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7550 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6540 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 20000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12100 Yuafi a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 36280 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3000 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 92% have their own houses, and 8% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 35.0 in . Of the housing construction, 96% are of brick-concrete, 4% brick-wood.

4.1.17Suiping County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Suiping County, the population structure shows that the total population is 63 (3.15 people per family), in which 35 are males and 28 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.80; As surveyed, 54 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 85.71% of the total; and besides, there are 2 elders, occupying 3.17% of the total; 7 children, making up 11. 11% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 4 people have the higher education, occupying 6.35% of the total; 49 people have the secondary education, accounting for 77.78% of the total; 7 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 11.11% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 people, taking up 4.76% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Suiping County is totally 110,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 3400, about 3.09% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 34,200, about 31.09% of the total population. The businessmen reach 5800, about 5.27% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 13,600, about 12.36% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 5400, about 4.91% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 4500, about 4.06% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 43,100, about 39.21% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 16800 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11340 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 27896 Yuan a year. The

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 147 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

average income of a local skilled worker is 7600 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6600 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19800 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12250 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 35880 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3100 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 89% have their own houses, and 11% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 30.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 95% are of brick-concrete, 5% brick-wood.

4.1.18Runan County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Runan County, the population structure shows that the total population is 57 (2.85 people per family), in which 29 are males and 28 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 45 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 78.95% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 5.26% of the total; 9 children, making up 15.79% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 2 people have the higher education, occupying 3.51% of the total; 40 people have the secondary education, accounting for 70.18% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 15.79% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 6 people, taking up 10.53% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Runan County is totally 90,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2800, about 3.11% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 29,400, about 32.67% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7100; about 7.89% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 13,200, about 14.67% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 7300, about 8.11% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2800, about 3.12% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 27,400, about 30.43% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15158 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10440 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 25890 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7200 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6300 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker in other parts of country is 20080 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker in other parts of country is 11800 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 33218 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2985 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 93% have their own houses, and 7% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 20.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 90% are of brick-concrete, 10% brick-wood.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 148 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

4.1.19Zhengyang County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Zhengyang County, the population structure shows that the total population is 54 (2.70 people per family), in which 28 are males and 26 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.93; As surveyed, 48 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 75.93% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 5.56% of the total; 10 children, making up 18.52% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 2 people have the higher education, occupying 3.70% of the total; 42 people have the secondary education, accounting for 77.78% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education; making up 11.11% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 4 people, taking up 7.41% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Zhengyang County is totally 100,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 3100, about 3.10% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 32,100, about 32.1% of the total population. The businessmen reach 8900, about 8.90% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 19,300, about 19.30% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 7900, about 7.90% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2400, about 2.43% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 26,300, about 26.27% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 16100 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11000 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 26645 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6450 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19500 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10500 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32590 Yuan a year, angi that of the others is 3000 Yuan. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 89% have their own houses, and 11% are 2 tenants. The average housing area for per person is 25.0 in . Of the housing construction, 73% are of brick-concrete, 27% brick-wood.

4.1.2OXinCai County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xincai County, the population structure shows that the total population is 60 (3.00 people per family), in which 29 are males and 31 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.07; As surveyed, 47 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 78.33% of the total; and besides, there are 5 elders, occupying 8.33% of the total; 8 children, making up 13.33% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 3 people have the higher education, occupying 5.00% of the total; 42 people have the secondary education, accounting for 70.00% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the.primary education, making up 15.00% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 149 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 6 people, taking up 10.00% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xincai County is totally 870,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2700, about 3.10% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 26,800, about 30.76% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7600, about 8.74% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 15,300, about 17.59% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 8500, about 9.77% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2100, about 2.46% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 24,000, about 27.58% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 14950 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9980 Yuan a year, the town businessmen have per capita income of 25784 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 6980 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6100 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 18800 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11000 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 33460 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2980 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 97% have their own houses, and 3% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 23.0 m2.2 Of the housing construction, 65% are of brick-concrete, 35% brick-wood.

4.1.2lHuangchuan County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Huangchuan County, the population structure shows that the total population is 63 (3.15 people per family), in which 33 are males and 30 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.91; As surveyed, 48 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 76.19% of the total; and besides, there are 5 elders, occupying 7.94% of the total; 10 children, making up 15.87% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 4 people have the higher education, occupying 6.35% of the total; 45 people have the secondary education, accounting for 71.43% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 14.29% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 7.94% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Huangchuan County is totally150, 000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4900, aboit 3.27% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 57 800, about 38.56% of the total population. The businessmen reach 14,300, about 8.71% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 19,100, about 12.83% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 10,100, about 6.73% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 4000, about 2.69% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 150 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan the unemployed people is 39,700, about 26.48% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 18340 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have the average income of 12000 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 30211 Yuan a year. The average income of a skilled worker is 7540 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6780 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 21000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12000 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 40060 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3200 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 89% have their own houses, and 11% are 2 tenants. The average housing area for per person is 25.5 m . Of the housing construction, 95% are of brick-concrete, 5% brick-wood.

4.1.22Xi County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xi County, the population structure shows that the total population is 72 (3.60 people per family), in which 37 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.95; As surveyed, 56 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 77.78% of the total; and besides, there are 7 elders, occupying 9.72% of the total; 9 children, making up 12.50% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 9 people have the higher education, occupying 12.50% of the total; 47 people have the secondary education, accounting for 65.28% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the'primary education, making up 12.50% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 7 people, taking up 9.72% of the total.. The population of urban inhabitants in Xi County is totally 87,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2700, about 3.10% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 26,800, about 30.76% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7600, about 8.74% of the total population.. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 15,300, about 17.59% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 8500, about 9.77% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2100, about 24.46% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 24,000, about 27.58% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15925 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10800 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 26840 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6200 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 20000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11400 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 33560 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3000 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 93% have their own houses, and 7%are

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 151 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan tenants. The average housing area for per person is 24.0 in2 . Of the housing construction, 79% are of brick-concrete, 21% brick-wood.

4.1.23Luoshan County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Luoshan County, the population structure shows that the total population is 75 (3.75 people per family), in which 39 are males and 36 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.92; As surveyed, 56 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 74.67% of the total; and besides, there are 9 elders, occupying 12.00% of the total; 10 children, making up 13.33% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 7 people have the higher education, occupying 9.33% of the total; 57 people have the secondary education, accounting for 76.00% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 8.00% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 6.67% of the total. The population of urban. inhabitants in Luoshan County is totally 220,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4600, about 2.09% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 61,800, about 28.09% of the total. population. The businessmen reach 17,900, about 8.14% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place re,4ch 26,800, about 12.18% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 20,300, about 9.23% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 8300, about 3.76% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 80,300, about 36.5 1% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15418 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10000 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 25880 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7100 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6332 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19800 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11000 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32548 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3000 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 94% have their own houses, and 6% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 33.0 in2 . Of the housing construction, 88% are of brick-concrete, 12% brick-wood.

4.1.24Pingqiao District of Xinyang City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Pingqiao District of Xinyang City, the population structure shows that the total population is 71 (3.55 people per family), in which 36 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 57 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 80.28% of the total; and besides, there are 6 elders, occupying 8.45% of the total; 8 children, making up 11.27% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 9 people

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 152 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan have the higher education, occupying 12.68% of the total; 43 people have the secondary education, accounting for 60.56% of the total; 13 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 18.31% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 6 people, taking up 8.45% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Pingqiao District of Xinyang City is totally 87,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2700, about 3.10% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 26,800, about 30.76% of the total population. The businessmen reach 7600, about 8.74% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 15,300, about 17.59% of the total population. And those who work in other places reach 85,000, about 9.77% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 2100, about 2.46% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 24,000, about 27.58% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 20250 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 12500 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 31140 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7800 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6500 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 21100 Yuan a year a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12500 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 42800 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 4000 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 89% have their own houses, and 110/o are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 32.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 88% are of brick-concrete, 12% brick-wood.

4.1.25Yangshan District of Xinyang City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Yangshan District of Xinyang City, the population structure shows that the total population is 74 (3.70 people per family), in which 39 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.90; As surveyed, 59 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 79.73% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.05% of the total; 12 children, making up 16.22% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 9 people have the higher education, occupying 12.16% of the total; 49 people have the secondary education, accounting for 66.22% of the total; 9 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 12.16% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 7 people, taking up 9.46% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Yangshan District of Xinyang City is totally 220,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4600, about 2.09% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 153 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

61,800, about 28.09% of the total population. The businessmen reach 17,900, about 8.14% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reach 26,800, about 12.18% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 20,300, about 9.23% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reach 8300, about 3.76% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 80,300, about 36.51% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 20250 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income df 12000 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 30010 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7500 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6445 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 20000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11850 Yuan. The average income of the workers in transportation is 42800 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3800 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 91% have their own houses, and. 9% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 27.40 m2 . Of the housing construction, 89% are of brick-concrete, 11% brick-wood. Xiping County, Suiping County, Runan County, Zhengyang County and Xincai County all belong to Zhumadian City. Huangchuan County, Xi County, (billend)Luoshan County, Pingqiao District of Xinyang City and Yangcheng District of Xinyang City all belong to Xinyang City. The road from Beijing to Guangzhou and the road from Beijing to Jiulong cross the two cities of Zhumadian and Xinyang, which makes a rather convenient transportation, as a result, ihe local people just choose almost the same working locations, mostly distributing in Guangdong, Shenzhen, Wenzhou, Beijing, Zhuhai, etc.

4.1.26Xinye County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xinye County, the population structure shows that the total population is 73 (3.65 people per family), in which 38 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.92; As surveyed, 54 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.97% of the total; and. besides, there are 5 elders, occupying 6.85% of the total; 14 children, making up 19.18% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 7 people have the higher education, occupying 9.59% of the total; 44 people have the secondary education, accounting for 60.27% of the total; 14 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 19.18% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 8 people, taking up 10.96% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xinye County is totally 150,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4300, about 2.87% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 40,600, about 27.08% of the total population. The businessmen reached 10,200, about 6.08% of the total

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 154 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 17,200, about 11.47% of the total population. And those who work in other places,reached transportation 13,400, about 8.93% of the total population. Workers who go into reached 5600, about 3.37% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 58,700, about 39.12% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 13032 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9500 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 20000 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 6880 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 5860 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 18500 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary workers is 9850 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 27600 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2400 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 98% have their own houses, and 2% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 31.1 in . Of the housing construction, 85.4% is of brick-concrete, 14.6% brick-wood.

4.1.27Dengzhou City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Dengzhou City, the population structure shows that the total population is 74 (3.70 people per family), in which 43 are males and 31 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.72; As surveyed, 52 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 70.27% of the total; and besides, there are 8 elders, occupying 10.81% of the total; 14 children, making up 18.92% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 7 people have the higher education, occupying 9.46% of the total; 51 people have the secondary education, accounting for 68.92% of the total; 11 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 14.86% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 6.76% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Dengzhou City is totally 130,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4100, about 3.15% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 43,800, about 33.69% of the total population. The businessmen reached 9700, about 7.46% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 20,300, about 15.62% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 12,400, about 9.54% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 3600, about 2.7615% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 36,100, about 27.78% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15400 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10660 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 26800 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6100 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled

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worker is 19000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10850 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 32565 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2800 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 90.3% have their own houses, and 9.7% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 25.6 m . Of the housing construction, 90.8% is of brick-concrete, 9.2% brick-wood.

4.1.28Xichuan County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xichuan County, the population structure shows that the total population is 68 (3.40 people per family), in which 36 are males and 32 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.89; As surveyed, 57 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 83.82% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 5.88% of the total; 7 children, making up 10.29% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 9 people have the higher education, occupying 13.24% of the total; 50 people have the secondary education, accounting for 73.53% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 8.82% of the total; the illiterate adults and-children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 people, taking up 4.4 1% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xichuan County is totally 120,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4000, about 3.33% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 41,100, about 34.25% of the total population. The businessmen reached 9400, about 7.83% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 19,200, about 16.00% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 10,300, about 8.58% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 3000, about 2.48% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 33,000, about 27.52% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per. capita income of 16100 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11200 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 26985 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7680 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6420 Yuan; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 18900 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10000 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 38600 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3020 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 89.4% have their own houses, and 10.6% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 28.7 m2 . Of the housing construction, 86.4 % are of brick-concrete, 13.6% brick-wood.onstruction, 86.4 % are of brick-concrete, 13.6% brick-wood.

4.1.29Sheqi County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Sheqi County, the population

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 156 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan structure shows that the total population is 69 (3.45 people per family), in which 36 are males and 33 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.92; As surveyed, 57 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 82.61% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 5.80% of the total; 8 children, making up 11.59% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 8 people have the higher education, occupying 11.59% of the total; 52 people have the secondary education, accounting for 75.36% of the total; 5 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 7.25% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 4 people, taking up 5.80% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Sheqi County is totally 69,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2100, about 3.04% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 17,600, about 25.57% of the total population. The businessmen reached 4800, about 6.96% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 12,400, about 17.97% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 4800, about 6.96% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 2100, about 3.04% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 25,100, about 36.47% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 14170 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9850 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 22150 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 6986 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6048 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19950 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10800 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 30120 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2600 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers in the town, 89.3% have their own houses, and 2 10.7% rent their houses to live in. The average housing area for per person is 25.0 m2 Of the housing construction, 98% are of brick-concrete, 2% brick-wood. Xinye County, Dengzhou City, Xichuan County and Sheqi County all belong to Nanyang City, therefore, the people in these places have similarity in their life styles, customs and selections of working location; besides, bordering Hubei and Shanxi, so most employees are distributed in Hubei, Guangdong, Beijing and so on.

4.1.30Baofeng County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Baofeng County, the population structure shows that the total population is 71 (3.55 people per family), in which 36 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 56 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 78.87% of the total; and besides, there are 2 elders, occupying 2.82% of the total; 13 children, making up 18.31% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 11 people have the higher education, occupying 15.49% of the total; 44 people have the

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 157 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan secondary education, making up 61.97% of the total; 11 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, accounting for 15.49% of the total; the illiterate adults and the children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 7.04% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Baofeng County is totally 79,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2300, about 2.91% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 19,600, about 24.76% of the total population. The businessmen reached 6800, about 8.61% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 17,400, about 22.03% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 6300, about 7.97% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 2200, about 2.84% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 24,400, about 30.88% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 16590 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10280 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 24865 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7650 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6430 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19600 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11220 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 35668 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3200 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 90.5% have their own houses, and 9.5% are tenants. The average housing area for per person. is 23.6 m2 . Of the housing construction, 86% are of brick-concrete, 14% brick-wood.

4.1.31Jia County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Jia County, the population structure shows that the total population is 73 (3.65 people per family), in which 38 are males and 35 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.92; As surveyed, 58 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 79.45% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.11% of the total; 12 children, making up 16.44% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 7 people have the higher education, occupying 9.59% of the total; 51 people have the secondary education, accounting for 69.86% of the total; 9 adults have received or is receiving the primary education, taking up 12.33% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 6 people, making up 8.22% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Jia County is totally 60,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 1900, about 3.17% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 18,600, about 31% of the total population. The businessmen reached 3500,. about 5.83% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 9600, about 16.00%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 158 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 3500, about 5.83% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 1800, about 2.95% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 21,100, about 35.22% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 15690 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10100 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 24320 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7400 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6300 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 20000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10500 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 33890 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3000 Yuan a year. Of the town inhabitants and workers, 94.3% have their 2 own houses, and 5.7% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 30.0 in . Of the housing construction, 90% are of brick-concrete, 10% brick-wood.

4.1.32Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xincheng District of Pingdingshang City, the population structure shows that the total population is 69 (3.45 pepple per family), in which 37 are males and 32 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.86; As surveyed, 58 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 84.06% of the total; and besides, there are 3 elders, occupying 4.35% of the total; 8 children, taking up 11.59% of the total. As for the education level of the sample family, 9 people have the higher education, occupying 13.04% of the total; 50 people have the secondary education, accounting for 72.46% of the total; 5 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 7.25% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 7.25% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City is totally 76,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2800, about 3.68% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 31,800, about 41.84% of the total population. The businessmen reached 7900, about 10.39% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 16 800, about 22.11% of the total population. And those who work,in other places reached 2300, about 3.03% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 2100, about 2.8% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 12,300, about 16.14% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 21400 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 12250 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 33580 Yuan a year. The average income of a locao skilled worker is 8000 Yuan a year, and that of an brdinary worker is 6800 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 22000 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 12500 Yuan a year.

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The average income of the workers in transportation is 45680 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 4500 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers, 91.4% have their own houses, and 8.6% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 25.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 95% are of brick-concrete, 5% brick-wood. Baofeng County, Jia County and Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City all belong to Pingdingshan City, so when selecting work locations, the people in these areas nearly have the same preference, mainly in Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Beijing, Guangzhou and so on.

4.1.33Xinxiang County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xinxiang County, the population structure shows that the total population is 68 (3.40 people per family), in which 35 are males and 33.are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.94; As surveyed, 52 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 76.47% of the total; and besides, there are 5 elders, making up 7.35% of the total; 11 children, occupying 16.18% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 3 people have the higher education, accounting for 4.41% of the total; 53 people have the secondary education, making up 77.94% of the total; 9 adults have received or is receiving the primary education, taking up 13.24% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 3 people, occupying 4.41% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xinxiang County is totally 50,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 1900, about 3.80% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 17,800, about 35.60% of the total population. The businessmen reached 3900, about 7.8% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the locil place reachqd 6800, about 13.6% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 3300, about 6.6% of the total population, mainly in Beijing Zhengzhou and other places. Workers who go into transportation reached 3700, about 7.34% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 12,600, about 25.26% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 19968 Yuan a. year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11280 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 32000 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7580 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6475 Yuan; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 198650 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11000 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 43225 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3500 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers, 95% have their own houses, and 5% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 38.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 97% are of brick-concrete, 3% brick-wood.

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4.1.34Mengzhou City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Mengzhou City, the population structure shows that the total population is 65 (3.25 people per family), in which 33 are males and 32 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 48 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 73.85% of the total; and besides, there are 7 elders, occupying 10.77% of the total; 10 children, taking up 15.38% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 4 people have the higher education, occupying 6.15% of the total; 55 people have the secondary education, making up 84.62% of the total; 4 adults have received or is receiving the primary education, accounting for 6.15% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 2 people, taking up 3.08% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Mengzhou City is totally 82,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 3300, about 4.02% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 33,800, about 41.22% of the total population. The businessmen reached 7900, about 9.63% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 6800, about 8.29% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 10,300, about 12.56% of the total population, mainly in Beijing Zhengzhou,* Jiaozuo and other places. Workers who go into transportation reached 1000, about 1.22% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 18,900, about 23.05% of the total population. The officials and the workers of the public institution have per capita income of 17570 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11880 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 29005 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7674 Yuan a year, and that of an prdinary worker is 6550 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 19105 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 10840 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 39080 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3200 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers, 94% have their own houses, and 6% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 40.0 in 2 . Of the housing construction, 95% are of brick-concrete, 5% brick-wood.

4.1.35Fengqiu County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Fengqiu County, the population structure shows that the total population is 75 (3.75 people per family), in which 38 are males and 37 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 56 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 74.67% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 5.33% of the total; 15 children, making up 20.00% of the total. As for the education level of the surveyed families, 3 people have the higher education, occupying 4.00% of the total; 60 people have the secondary education, making up 80.00% of the total; 10 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, accounting for 13.33% of the total; the illiterate adults and The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 161 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 2 people, taking up 2.67% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Fengqiu County is totally 60,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2500, about 4.17% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 19,800, about 33.0% of the total population. The businessmen reached 7900, about 13.17% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 3800, about 6.33% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 4300, about 7.17% of the total population, mainly in Beijing Zhengzhou and other places. Workers who go into transportation reached 1500, about 2.5% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 20,200, about 33.67% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 13530 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 10060 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 21050 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7200 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6320 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 21025 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11550 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 29460 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 2980 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers in the town, 92% have their own houses, and 8% are -tenants. The average housing area for per person is 29.0 m2 . Of the housing construction, 90% are of brick-concrete, 10% brick-wood.'

4.1.36Xiangcheng County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Xiangcheng County, the population structure shows that the total population is 68 (3.40 people per family), in which 34 are males and 34 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:1; As surveyed, 51 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 75.00% of the total; and besides, there are 6 elders, occupying 8.82% of the total; 11 children, taking up 16.18% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 3 people have the higher education, making up 4.41% of the total; 56 people have the secondary. education, occupying 82.35% of the total; 8 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, taking up 11.76% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 1 person, accounting for 1.47% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Xiangcheng County is totally 120,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 3600, about 3.0% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 51,800, about 43.17% of the total population. The businessmen reached 7900, about 6.58% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 6800, about 5.67% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 2300, about 1.92% of the total population, mainly in Beijing, Zhengzhou and other places. Workers who go into transportation reached 4300, about 3.58% of Jhe total

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 162 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 43,300, about 36.08% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 18300 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11500 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 29450 Yuan a year. The average income of local skilled worker is 7210 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6400 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 20040 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11520 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 38500 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3000 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers, 90% have their own 2 houses, and 10% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 35.0 in . Of the housing construction, 92% are of brick-concrete, 8% brick-wood.

4.1.37Neixiang County

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Neixiang County, the population structure shows that the total population is 62 (3.10 people per family), in which 32 are males and 30 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.94; As surveyed, 45 people fall into the work force population, accounting for 72.58% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, occupying 6.45% of the total; 13 children, taking up 20.97% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 2 people have the higher education, accounting for 3.23% of the total; 48 people have the secondary education, making up 77.42% of the total; 7 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, occupying 11.29% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 5 people, taking up 8.06% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in.Neixiang County is totally 80,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 2800, about 3.50% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 21,800, about 27.25% of the total population. The businessmen reached 7900, about 9.S8% of the total. population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 13,800, about 17.25% of the. total population. And those who work in other places reached 5300, about 6.63% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached 4700, about 5.88% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 23,700, about 29.63% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income, of 13950 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 9950 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 20500 Yuan a year. The average income of a local skilled worker is 7115 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6328 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of a skilled worker is 21468 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 11560 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 28900 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 3125 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers, 95% have their own houses, and 5% are tenants. The average housing area for per person is 28.0 in2 . Of

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 163 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan the housing construction, 92% are of brick-concrete, 8% brick-wood.

4.1.38Yima City

In the 20 urban sample families surveyed in Yima City, the population structure shows that the total population is 61 (3.05 people per family), in which 31 are males and 30 are females, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.97; As surveyed, 49 people fall into the work, accounting for 80.33% of the total; and besides, there are 4 elders, making up 6.56% of the total; 8 children, taking for 13.11% of the total. As for the education level of the sample families, 6 people have the higher education, occupying 9.84% of the total; 47 people have the secondary education, accounting for 77.05% of the total; 6 adults have received or are receiving the primary education, making up 9.84% of the total; the illiterate adults and children who haven't received any education, that is, the surveyed inhabitants who have less than primary education, constitute 2 people, taking up 3.28% of the total. The population of urban inhabitants in Yima City is totally 150,000. The number of people who work in government and institution is 4600, about 3.07% of the total population. The number of workers in enterprises is 67,800, about 45.2% of the total population. The businessmen reached 17,900, about 11.93% of the total population. Among the employees, those who work in the local place reached 6800, about 4.53% of the total population. And those who work in other places reached 1300, about 0.87% of the total population. Workers who go into transportation reached, 19,300, about 12.89% of the total population. And the number of students, old men and the unemployed people is 32,300, about 21.5 1% of the total population. The officials and the workers of public institution have per capita income of 20335 Yuan a year, and the workers of enterprise have per capita income of 11870 Yuan a year, the businessmen have per capita income of 30280 Yuan a year. The average income of local skilled worker is 8650 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary worker is 6800 Yuan a year; of the non-local workers, the average income of p skilled worker is 20200 Yuan a year, and that of an ordinary woiker is 12500 Yuan a year. The average income of the workers in transportation is 40200 Yuan a year, and that of the others is 4500 Yuan a year. Of the inhabitants and workers, 90% have their own houses, and 10% rent houses to live in. The average housing area for per person is 35.0 m 2. Of the housing construction, 91% are of brick-concrete, 9% brick-wood.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 164 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Appendixes to chapter 4

4.2 The population structure and socio economic characteristics of the

moving and the rural residents

4.2.1 Yuanyang County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Yuanyang County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total 'population of 39 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.90 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.95. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 29 people and takes up 74.36% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.56% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 23.08% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and they take up 5.13% of the total inhabitants; there are 32 people who have received high school education and they take up 82.05% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 10.26% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 2.56% of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business, machining, machine repairing and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. For the most part, they are engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, which occupies 10%, they are engaged in goods transportation. The destination of passenger' transportation is Xinxiang, Anyang, Jiaozuo, Kaifeng, Zhengzhou and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are more stable than that of goods transportation, most are the employees from Yuanyang County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for restaurant. There are large numbers of YuanYan County inhabitants engaging in transportation service, trade, construction and machining and manual work Their average annual net income is respectively RMB28600, RMB10720, RMB10873, RMB7235 of the skilled employees and RMB6222 of the unskilled excluding their * farming income.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 165 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

4.2.2 Weishi County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Weishi County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 37 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.70 people in per family; the male: 19 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.95. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 25 people and takes up 67.57% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who.take up 5.41% of the total inhabitants; there are 10 children who take up 27.03% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 1 person who has received college education and they take up 2.70% of the total inhabitants; there are 29 people who have received high school education and they take up 78.38% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 13.51% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 5.4 1% of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. Destinations of passenger transportation are Xinxiang, Kaifeng, Zhengzhou and so on. Its source and service object are the employees from Weishi County and on-business people. As for business, thq most is managing restaurant as well as grocery store and clothes shop and some other shops that have small size and little investment. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for hotel service or do business The per capita annual net income is RMB315000, RMB12329, RMB7365 and RMB6478 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.3 Tongxu County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Tongxu County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.00 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 29 people and takes up 72.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who.take up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 22.50% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and they take up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 28 people who have received high school education and they take up 70.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who. have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.00% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 166 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary education) is 4 and takes up 10.00% of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials; passenger transportation refers to renting transportation within the County and long-distance transportation in the surrounding cities and towns. Its source and service object are the employees from Tongxu County, businessmen and on-business people. *As for business, the most is managing restaurant, grocery store as well as small shop and the hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction and repairing; women mostly work for restaurant or manage business. The per capita annual net income is RMB30450, RMB1l1790, RMB12570 RMB7234 and RMB6256 in transportation service, trade, building and Mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.4 Lankao County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Lankao County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 38 people; i.e., there is an average- of 3.80 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 25 people and takes up 65.79% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.89% of the total inhabitants; there are 10 children who take up 26.32% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and take up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 27 people who have received high school education and they take up 71..05% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.79 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.89 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger' transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Lankao County as well as businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant, hotel as well as small

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 167 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan shop and supermarket. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for hotel service, for example, hotel and restaurant service. The per capita annual net income is RMB32110, RMB12900, RMB7132 and RMB6386 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.5 Taikang County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Taikang County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 39 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.90 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.95.In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 28 people and takes up 71.79% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.13% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 23.08% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.56% of the total inhabitants; there are 30 people who have received high school education and they take up 76.92% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 10.26 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and take up 10.26 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds, which are goods transportation, occupying 65%, and passenger transportation, occupying 35%. Destinations of passenger' transportation are the towns and villages within Taikang County as well as the surrounding areas of Taikang County. Its source is always stable, mostly is the employees that go to and fro the town and village as well as on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant as well as grocery store, supermarket and clothes shop. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in sales and construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for restaurant or do business. The employees go back to the countryside during the busy farming time, but for most of the time, they work in the city. The per capita annual net income is RMB34500, RMB14234, RMB7431 and RMB6453 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.6 Mengjin County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Mengjin County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.00

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 168 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 20 people; the proportion of male to female is 1:1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 75.00 % of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.00% of the total inhabitants: there are 8 children who take up 20.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 28 people who have received high school education and they take up 70.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never receiVed any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 5 and take up 12.50 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business, managing restaurant, and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, for example, Luoyang, Zhengzhou. Its source and service object are stable, mostly are the employees from Mengjin County as well as businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some shops and supermarket, etc. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for service, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB32580, RMB13275, RMB15267, RMB7115 and RMB6500 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.7 Xin'an County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xin'an County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 38 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.80 people in per family; the male: 19 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1:1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 78.95% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.63% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 children who take up 18.42% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people V;ho have received college education and takes up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 28 people who have received high school education and they take up 73.68% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 18.42 % of the total

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 169 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and take up 2.63 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds, which are goods transportation, occupying 60%, and passenger transportation, occupying 40%. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Xin'an County as well as on-business people. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some shops and supermarket. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for service, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB33680, RMB13490, RMB11875, RMB7318 and RMB6821 in- transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.8 Yiyang County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Yiyang County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average. of 4.00 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90.In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 29 people and takes up 72.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 22.50% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 30 people who have received high school education and they take up 75.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 17.50 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and take up 2.50 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in construction, transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, for example, Luoyang and Sanmenxia. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Yiyang County as well as businessmen and on-business

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 170 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some shops and supermarket. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for service, for example, restaurant and hotel. The employees go back to the countryside during the busy farming time, but for most of the time, they work in the city. The per capita annual net income is RMB32165, RMB12700, RMB6886 and RMB6549 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.9 Song County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Song County, there is a structure As follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 23 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.78. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 31 people and takes up 75.61% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 4.88% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 children who take up 19.51% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 32 people who have received high school education and they take up 78.05% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 14.63 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.32 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Passenger transportation refers to renting transportation within the County and long-distance transportation in the surrounding cities and towns. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, for example, Luoyang and Sanmenxia. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Songxian County as well as on-business people. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for service, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB31960, RMB13377, RMB6984 and RMB6322 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.10 Shan County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 171 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan shuttling between a town and a village in Shan County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 39 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.90 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.95.In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 28 people and takes up 71.79% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.13% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 23.08% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 3 people who have received college education and takes up 8.10% of the total inhabitants; there are 29 people who have received high school education and they take up 74.36% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 12.41 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and take up 5.13 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, for example, Luoyang and Sanmenxia and Xi'an. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Shanxian County as well as businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some shops and supermarket. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for service. - The per capita annual net income is RMB33660, RMB13540, RM1312028, RMB7842 and RMB6745 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.11 Sui County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families inve.tigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Sui County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 42 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.20 people in per family; the male: 22 people, the female 20 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.95. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 33 people and takes up 78.57% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.14% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 children who take up 14.29% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 27 pedple who have received high school education and they take up 64.29% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 172 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan elementary school education and they take up 19.05 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 5 and take up 11.90 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials; the latter refers to renting transportation within the County and long-distance transportation in the surrounding cities and towns, for example, Shangqiu, Kaifeng and Xuzhou. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Shanxian County as well as businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant and.grocery stores as well as shops and hairdressers that are small and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction and transportation; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for service, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB31225, RMB11834, RMB12050, RMB7234 and RMB6246 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding *farming income.

4.2.12 Xiayi County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xiayi County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.00 people in per family; the male: 19 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1:1. 11. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 27 people and takes up 67.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 10 children who take up 25.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 31 people who have received high school education and they take up 77.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.50 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business, and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck. For the most part, they are engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, which occupies 25%, they are engaged in goods transportation. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 173 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan and some nearby districts, for example, Shangqiu, Kaifeng, Xuzhou and . Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Xiayi County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 75%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 25%, mostly work for service, for example, restaurant and entertainment. The per capita annual net income is RMB32580, RMB12269.5, RMB7115 and RMB6328 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.13 Zhecheng County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families inve7stigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Zhecheng County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 43 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.30 people in per family; the male: 22 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.95. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 69.77% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 old people who. take up 9.30% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 20.93% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 5.02% of the total inhabitants; there are 31people who have received high school education and they take up 72.09% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 11.26 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 5 and take up 11.63 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has, two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. For the most part, they are engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, they are engaged in goods transportation. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, for example, Zhumadian, Shangqiu, Hefei. Its source and service object are more stable than that of goods transportation, mostly are the employees from Zhecheng County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for restaurant and some others services. The per capita annual net income is RMB30440, RMB11612.5, RMB7088 and RMB6228 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

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4.2.14 Shenqiu County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Shenqiu County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 45 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.50 people in per family; the male: 23 people, the female 22 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.96. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 33 people and takes up 73.33% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.22% of the total inhabitants; there are 11 children who take up 24.44% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 3.38% of the total inhabitants; there are 39 people who have received high school education and they take up 86.67% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 7.73 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and take up 2.22 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting goods and construction materials, vehicles for this kind are farming truck and tractors. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, its source and service object are mostly the employees from Shenqiu County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant, hotel as well as some other shops, supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for service. The per capita annual net income is RMB27600, RMB10504.5, RMB6520 and RMB5840 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.15 Xiangcheng City

In terms 'of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xiangcheng County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average- of 4.00 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.901n the sample families, the working inhabitants is 26 people and takes up 65.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 old people who take up 12.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 22.50% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 31 people who have received high school education and they take up 77.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 175 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan - education and they take up 17.50 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and take up 5.00 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Xiangcheng County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for restaurant. The per capita annual net income is RMB34200, RMB13954, RMB12450, RMB7725 and RMB6685 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.16 Xiping County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xiping County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 20 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 28 people and takes up 68.29% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 old people who take up 9.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 21.95% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is, nobody that has received college education; there are 35 people who have received high school education and they take up 85.37% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 9.76 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and take up 4.88 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former mainly refers to long-distance transportation, occupying 30%, and short-distance transportation, occupying 70%. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Xiping County as well as businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 176 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan managing clothes shop, agricultural products, restaurant and hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 60%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 40%, mostly work for restaurant and other services. The per capita annual net income is RMB36280, RMB14360, RMB14060, RMB7550 and RMB6540 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding .farming income.

4.2.17 Suiping County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Suiping County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 21 people; the prop6rtion of male to female is 1: 1.05. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 73.17% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.44% of the total inhabitants; there are 10 children who take up 24.39% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 people who have received college education and takes up 2.44% of the total inhabitants; there are 33 people who have received high school education and they take up 80.49% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 9.76 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.32 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Suiping County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for services, for example, restaurant or hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB35880, RMB13948, RMB13498, RMB7600 and RMB6600 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

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4.2.18 Runan County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Runam County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 38 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.80 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 28 people and takes up 73.68% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.63% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 23.68% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 30 people who have received high school education and they take up 78.95% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 13.16 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.89 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Runan County and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop and hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for restaurant and other services. The per capita annual net income is RMB33218, RMB12945, RMB7200 and RMB6300 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.19 Zhengyang County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Zhengyang County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.00 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 33 people and takes up 82.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 31 people who have received high school education and they take up 77.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and take up

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2.50 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts, or such some far places as Wenzhou City in Zhejiang (also for goods transportation). Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Zhengyang County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance: As for business, the most is managing selling clothes and working for the enterprises run by the County as well as some other shops and supermarkets and enterprises run by the local people. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in construction and some other occupations; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for services, for example, restaurant. The per capita annual net income is RMB32590, RMB13322.5, RMB7000 and RMB6450 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.20 Xincai County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xincai County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 42 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.20 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 22 people; the prop6rtion of male to female is 1: 1. 10. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 31 people and takes up 73.81% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 21.43% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 3.62% of the total inhabitants; there are 32 people who have received high school education and they take up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 8.29 % of the total. inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 5 and take up 11.90 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business, machining and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. For the most part, they are engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, which occupies 10%, they are engaged in goods transportation. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are more stable than that of goods transportation, mostly are the employees from Xincai County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 179 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction;- women mostly work for restaurant. The per capita annual net income is RMB33460, RMB12892, RMB6980 and RMB6100 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.21 Huangchuan County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Huangchuan County, there is.a structure as follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 22 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.86. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 32 people and takes up 78.05% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.32% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 children who take up 14.63% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 4 person who has received college education and takes up 2.44% of the total inhabitants; there are 32 people who have received high school education and they take up 78.05% of the total. inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 12.20 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) -is 3 and take up 7.32 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Huangchuan County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 60%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 40%, mostly work for services. The per capita annual net income is RMB40060, RMB15105.5, RMB13298, RMB7540 and RMB6780 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding ffarming income.

4.2.22 Xi County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xi County, there is a structure as follows:

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There is a total population of 42 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.20 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1:1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 29 people and takes up 69.05% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 old people who take up 14.29% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 children who take up 16.67% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.38% of the total inhabitants; there are 34 people who have received high school education and they take up 80.95% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 9.52 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.14 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: one is goods transportation, occupying 65%, and passenger transportation, occupying 35%. Destinations of passenger transportation are the towns and villages in Xixian County and the surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are stable, mostly are the employees from Xixian County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant, grocery store, supermarket, and clothes shop. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in sales and construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for restaurant. The employees go back to the countryside during the busy farming time, but for most of the time, they work in the city. The per capita annual net income is RMB33560, RMB13420, RMB7000 and RMB6200 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.23 Luoshan County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Luoshan County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 37 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.70 people in per family; the male: 19 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the*working inhabitants is 29 people and takes up 78.38% of' the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.41% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 children who take up 16.22% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 28 people who have received high school education and they take up 75.68% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 16.22wx % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 8.11 % of the total inhabitants.

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People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. Destinations of passenger transportation are the surrounding areas such as Xinyang. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Luoshan County and on-business people as well as those being employees temporarily. As for business, the most is managing restaurant, clothes shop as well as grocery store and some other shops that have small size and little investment. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in sales and construction; women mostly work for restaurant and breeding. The per capita annual net income is RMB32548, RMB12940, RMB7100 and RMB6332 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.24 Pingqiao District of Xinyang City

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Pingqiao District of Xinyang City, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.00 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 75.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 22.50% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 30 people who have received high school education and they take up 75.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 12.50% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation and business. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. For the most part, the former is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation, including public bus transportation and renting transportation, are the surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Pingqiao District, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant and hotel. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction or other occupations connecting with construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for services, for example, restaurant and hotel.

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The per capita annual net income is RMB42800, RMB15570, RMB16457, RMB7800 and RMB6500 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.25 Yangshan District of Xinyang City

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Yangshan District of Xinyang City, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an'average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 22 people, the female 19 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.86. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 31 people and takes up 75.6 1% of the total inhabitants; there is I old person who takes up 2.44% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 21.95% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 4.88% of the total inhabitants; there are 31 people who have received high school education and they take up 75.61% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 12.20 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.32 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business, machining and machine making. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, which occupies 35%, they are engaged in goods transportation. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are stable, mostly are the employees from Yangshan District, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant, clothes shop and retail store as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in construction or other occupations connecting with construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for services, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB42800, RMB15005, RMBl6320, RMB7500 and RMB6445 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.26 Xinye County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xinye County, there is a structure as follows:

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There is a total population of 42 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.20 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 31 people and takes up 71.43% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 old people who take up 9.52% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 children who take up 19.05% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.38% of the total inhabitants; there are 32 people who have received high school education and they take up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 14.29 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.14 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former one, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Xinye County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant, hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 75%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 25%, mostly work for services. The per capita annual net income is RMB27600, RMB10000, RMB6880 and RMB5860 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.27 Dengzhou City

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated,, shuttling between a town and a village in Dengzhou County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.05. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 32 people and takes up 78.05% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 4.88% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 children who take up 17.07% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 4.88% of the total inhabitants; there are 29 people who have received high school education and they take up 70.73% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 17.07 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.32 % of the total inhabitants.

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People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. Destinations of passenger transportatioi are the surrounding areas. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Dengzhou City and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant, clothes shop as well as grocery store and some other shops that have small size and little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB32565, RMBl3400, RMB14330, RMB7000 and RMB6100 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.28 Xichuan County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xichuan County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 38 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.80 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 33 people and takes up 88.84% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who take up 2.63% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 10.53% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 25 people who have received high school education and they take up 65.79% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 18.42 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and take up 10.53 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in business, transportation and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials. Passenger transportation refers to renting transportation within the County and long-distance transportation in the surrounding cities and towns. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Xichuan County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant and retail store as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction and repairing; women mostly work for hotel and do business. The per capita annual net income is RMB38600, RMB13492.5, RMB7680 and

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 185 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

RMB6420 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.29 Sheqi County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Sheqi County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 41 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.10 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.05. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 73.17% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.32% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 children who take up 19.51% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.44% of the total inhabitants; there are 31 people who have received high school education and they take up 75.61% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 17.07 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and take up 4.88 % of ,the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: one is goods transportation, occupying 70%; the other is passenger transportation, occupying 30%. Destinations of passenger transportation are the towns and villages in Sheqi County and the surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are stable, mostly are the employees from Sheqi County and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant, grocery store, supermarket, and clothes shop. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in sales and construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly work for restaurant. The employees go back to the countryside during the busy farming time, but for most of the time, they work in the city The per capita annual net income is RMB30120, RMB 11075, RMB6986 and RMB6048 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.30 Baofeng County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Baofeng County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 36 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.60 people in per family; the male: 19 people, the female 17 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.89. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 28 people and takes up 77.78% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.78% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 children who take up 19.44% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 186 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan who has received college education and takes up 3.06% of the total inhabitants; there are 26 people who have received high school education and they take up 71.94% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 13.89 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and take up 11.11 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. , Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor, transporting construction materials, and fewer, transporting goods. Destinations of passenger transportation 'are the surrounding areas and nearby districts. Its source and service object are stable, mostly are the employees from Baofeng County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for restaurant and other services. The per capita annual net income is RMB35668, RMB12432.5, RMB10580, RMB7650 and RMB6430 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.31 Jiaxian County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xia County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 35 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.50 people in per family; the male: 18people, the female 17 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.94. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 30 people and takes up 85.71% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.86% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 11.43% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.86% of the total inhabitants; there are 25 people who have received high school education and they take up 71.43% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 11.43 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 5 and take up 14.29 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has

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two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting goods and construction materials. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. Destinations of passenger transportation are the surrounding areas and nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Jiaxian County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant, hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 30%, mostly are at their early age and work for services. The per capita annual net income is RMB33890, RMBl2160, RMB7400 and RMB6300 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.32 Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 42 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.20 people in per family; the male: 21 people, the female 21 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 32 people and takes up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 7.14% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 children who take up 16.67% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.38% of the total inhabitants; there are 30 people who have received high school education and they take up 71.43% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take-up 14.29 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 5 and take up 11.90 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business, machining and machine making. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, which occupies 40%, they are engaged in goods transportation. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service objects are more stable than that of goods transportation, mostly are the employees from New District, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, most people are managing restaurants, clothes shops, retail stores as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. The per capita annual net income is RMB45680, RMB16790, RM1316700, RMB8000 and RMB6800 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 188 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.33 Xinxiang County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xinxiang County, there is a stricture as follows: There is a total population of 38 people; i.e., there is an average of 3.80 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 26 people and takes up 68.42% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 10 children who take up 26.32% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 2.63% of the total inhabitants; there are 27 people who have received high school education and they take up 71.05% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 18.42 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 7.89 % of the total inhabitants. People that. frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business, machining and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. For the most part, they are engaged in transporting construction materials, for the fewer one, which occupies 20%, they are engaged in goods transportation. Destinations of passenger transportation are Xinxiang, Anyang, Jiaozuo, Kaifeng, Zhengzhou and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are more stable than that of goods transportation, mostly are the employees from Xinxiang County, businessmen and on-business people.. As for business, the most is managing restaurant as well as some other shops and hairdressers that are small size and need little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men are mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for restaurant. The per capita annual net income is RMB43225, RMBl6000, RMB15250, RMB7580 and RMB6475 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.34 Mengzhou City

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Mengzhou County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 38 people; i.e., there is an average. of 3.80 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 18 people; the proportion of

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 189 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan male to female is 1: 0.81. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 28 people and takes up 73.68% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.63% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 23.68% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 7 people who have received college education and takes up 19.47% of the total inhabitants; there are 23 people who have received high school education and they take up 59.47% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 10.53 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and take up 10.53 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. Destinations of passenger transportation are surrounding areas. Its source and service object mostly are the employees from Mengzhou City, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant and clothes shop as well as some grocery store and some other shops that have small size and little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees, men Lre mostly engaged in construction; women mostly work for hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB39080, RMB14502.5, RMB14760, RMB7674 and RMB6550 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.35 Fengqiu County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Fengqiu County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 40 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.00. people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 20 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 34 people and takes up 85.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 33 people who have received high school education and they take up 82.50% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and take up 2.50 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 190 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction materials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are the surrounding areas and nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Fengqiu County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant, hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 65%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 35%, mostly work for services, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB29460, RMB10525, RMB7200 and RMB6320 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.36 Xiangcheng County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Xiangheng County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 36 people; i.e., there is an average. of 3.60 people in per family; the male: 19 people, the female 17 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.89. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 26 people and takes up 72.22% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 2.78% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 children who take up 25.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 24 people who have received high school education and they take up 66.67% of the total inhabitants; there are 9 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 25.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and take up 8.33 % of the total inhabitants. ' People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. -Transportation mainly has two kinds: one is goods transportation, occupying 65% and passenger transportation, occupying 35%. Destinations of passenger transportation are the towns in Xiangcheng County and the surrounding areas and some nearby districts. Its source and service object are stable, mostly are the employees from Xiangcheng County and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant, grocery store, supermarket, and clothes shop. Of the employees, men, occupying 70%, are mostly engaged in sales and construction; - women, occupying 30%, mostly work for restaurant. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. The employees go back to the countryside during the busy farming time, but for most of the time, they work in the city.. The per capita annual net income is RMB38500, RMB14725, RMB14296, RMB7210 and RMB6400 in transportation service, trade, building and mechanic

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 191 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work excluding farming income.

4.2.37 Neixiang County

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Neixiang County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 43 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.30 people in per family; the male: 21people, the female 22 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.05. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 34 people and takes up 79.07% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 old people who take up 6.98% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 children who take up 13.95% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who have received college education and takes up 4.65% of the total inhabitants; there are 27 people who have received high school education and they take up 62.79% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 16.28 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 7 and take up 16.28 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. The former kind, for the most part, is engaged in transporting construction matefials and goods. Destinations of passenger transportation are the surrounding areas and nearby districts. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Neixiang County, businessmen and on-business people who always travel for short distance. As for business, the most is managing clothes shop, restaurant, hotel as well as some other shops and supermarkets. Of the employees, men, occupying 75%, are mostly engaged in construction; women, occupying 25%, mostly work for services, for example, restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB28900, RMB10250, RMB7115 and RMB6328 in transportation service, trade, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work including farming income.

4.2.38 Yima City

In terms of the population structure of the 10 sample families investigated, shuttling between a town and a village in Yima County, there is a structure as follows: There is a total population of 42 people; i.e., there is an average of 4.20 people in per family; the male: 20 people, the female 22 people; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.10. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 33 people and takes up 78.57% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 children who take up 16.67% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 192 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan college education and takes up 2.38% of the total inhabitants; there are 32 people who have received high school education and they take up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 11.90 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and take up 9.52 % of the total inhabitants. People that frequently go to and fro between city and countryside are mainly engaged in transportation, business and being employees. Transportation mainly has two kinds: goods transportation and passenger transportation. Vehicles for the former kind are farming truck and tractor. Because it abounds in mineral in the east of Henan Province, people mainly 'transport construction material and mineral. Destinations of passenger transportation are the surrounding areas, such as Luoyang, Sanmenxia. Its source and service object are mostly the employees from Neixiang County, businessmen and on-business people. As for business, the most is managing restaurant and clothes shop as well as some grocery stores and some other shops that have small size and little investment. Machinery repairing refers to automobile repairing, simple farm machining and agricultural machinery repairing, etc. Of the employees,*men are mostly engaged in construction and sales; women mostly work for restaurant and hotel. The per capita annual net income is RMB40200, RMB15140, B18452, RMB8650 and RMB6800 in transportation, trade, building and mechanic processing, skilled manual work and unskilled manual work. (farming income excluded.)

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 193 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Appendixes to chapter 4

4.3.The population structure and social and economic characteristic

of the sample settlement families

4.3.1 Yuanyang County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Yuanyang County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 21 people; there are 4.20 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.91. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 19.05% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is no one who has received college education; there are 15 people who have received high school education and they take up 71.43% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 14.29% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 14.29% of the total inhabitants.

4.3.2Weishi County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Weishi County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 22 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 11; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 17 people and takes up 77.27% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.55% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 18.18% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 4.55% of the total inhabitants; there are 11 people who have received high school education and they take up 50.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 36.36% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 9.09% of the total inhabitants.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 194 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

4.3.3Tongxu County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Tongxu County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 22 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.91. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 17 people and takes up 80.95% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 14.29% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 12 people who have received high school education and they take up 57.14% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 28.57 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 14.29 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.4Lankao County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Lankao County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 9; the number of female people is 11; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.22. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 15 people and takes up 75.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 15.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is on one who has received college education; there are 12 people who have received high school education and they take up 60.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 40.00 % of the total inhabitants..

4.3.5Taikang County

In terms of the 5 sample families in Taikang County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 22 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 12; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.83. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 19 people and takes up 86.36% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 3 children who take up 13.64% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 4.55% of the total inhabitants; there are 14 people who have received high school education and they take up 63.64% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 22.73 % of the total

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 195 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 9.09 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.6Mengjin County

In terms of the 5 sample families in Mengjin County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.20 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.82. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 80.00 % of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 10.00/o of the total inhabitants; there are 2 children who take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is no one who has received college education; there are 11 people who have received high school education and they take up 55.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 40.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 5.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.7Xinan County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xinan County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 21 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.91. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 18 people and takes up 85.71% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 children who take up 9.52% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 13 people who have received high school education and they take up 61.90% of the total inhabitants; there are 8 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 38.10 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.8Yiyang County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Yiyang County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are people in each sample family 4.00 people; the number of male people is. 10; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 80.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 15.00% of the total inhabitants.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 196 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 14 people who have received high school education and they take up 70.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 25.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 5.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.9Song County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Song County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 18 people; there are 3.60 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 8; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.80. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 14 people and takes up 77.78% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 4 children who take up 22.22% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 14 people who have received high school education and they take up 77.78% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 16.67 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is l and takes up 5.56 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.10Shan County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Shan County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 19 people; there are 3.80 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 9; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 84.21% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 3 children who take up 15.79% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education there are 14 people who have received high school education and they take up 73.68% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 10.53 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 15.79 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.11Sui County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Sui County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the nt;mber of male people is 10; the number of female

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 197 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 80.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 15.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 17 people who have received high school education and they take up 85.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 10.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 5.00 % of the total inhabitants..

4.3.12Xiayi County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xiayi County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 21 people; there are 4.20 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1:0.91. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 76.19% of the total inhabitants' there is I old person who takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 19.05% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people that have received college education and they take up 9.52%; there are .16 people who have received high school education and they take up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there are 7 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 4.76 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 9.52 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.13Zhecheng County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Zhecheng County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 22 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 12; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.83. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 17 people and takes up 77.27% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 9.09% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 13.64% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 4.55% of the total inhabitants; there are l6people who have received high school education and they take up 72.73% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 person who has graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 4.55 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is,

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 198 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and takes up 18.18 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.14Shenqiu County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Shenqiu County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 12; the number of female people is 8; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.67. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 13 people and takes up 65.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 children who take up 25.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 17 people who have received high school education and they take up 85.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and hey take up 10.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.15Xiangcheng City

No resettlement problems are involved in Xiangcheng City. The City is rebuilding its pipeline network.

4.3.16Xiping County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xiping County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 15 people and takes up 75.00% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 5 children who take up 25.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the. sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 16 people who have received high school education and they take up 80.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 10.00% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 10.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.17Suiping County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Suiping County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 23 people; there are 4.60

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 199 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan people in each sample family; the number of male people is 12; the number of female people is 11; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.92. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 19 people and takes up 82.61% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 4 children who take up 17.39% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 people who have received college education and takes up 4.35% of the total inhabitants; there are 16 people who have received high school education and they take up 69.57% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 13.04 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 13.04 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.18Runan County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Runan County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 21 people; there are 4.20 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 10 the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.91. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 14 people and takes up 66.67% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 9.52% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 children who take up 23.81% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody that has received college education; there are 16 people who have received high school education and they take up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 19.05 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 4.76 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.19Zhengyang County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Zhengyang County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 19 people; there are 3.80 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 13 people and takes up 68.42% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 old people who take up 10.53% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 21.05% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 13 people who have received high school education and they take up 68.42% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 21.05 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any educ4tion that is, the inhabitants below

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 200 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 10.53 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.2OXincai County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xincai County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 13 people and takes up 65.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 children who take up 30.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 11 people who have received high school education and they take up 55.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 30.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.2lHuangchuan County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Huangchuan County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 22 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 12; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.83. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 18 people and takes up 81.82% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.55% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 13.64% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 16 people who have received high school education and they take up 72.73% of the total inhabitants; there are 2 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 9.09 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 4 and takes up 18.18% of the total inhabitants.

4.3.22Xi County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xi County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.82. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 15 people and takes up 75.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 childien who take up 20.00% of the total inhabitants.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 201 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 12 people who have received high school education and they take up 60.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 25.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 5.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.23Luoshan County

No resettlement problems are involved in Luoshan County. The City is rebuilding its pipeline networks.

4.3.34Pingqiao District of Xinyang City

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Pingqiao District of Xinyang City, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 19 people; there are 3.80 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 12 people and takes up 83.16% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 22.22% of the total inhabitants. . In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 10 people who have received high school education and they take up 52.63% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 26.32% of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes. up 15. 7 90/o of the total inhabitants.

4.3.25Yangshan District of Xinyang City

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Yangshan District of Xinyang City, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 18 people; there are 3.60 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 8; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.80. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 13 people and takes up 72.22% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.56% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 22.22% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 16 people who have received high school education and they take up 88.89% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 person who has graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 202 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan they take up 5.56 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 5.56 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.26Xinye County

There are no resettlement problems. In 1995 the government toke over the land in XinYe County and the compensation was already distributed. The land belongs to the XinYe County and no resettlement problems are involved.

4.3.27Dengzhou City

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Dengzhou County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 23 people; there are 4.60 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 12; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.09. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 69.57% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.35% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 children who take up 26.09% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 14 people who have received high school education and they take up 60.87% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 26.09 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 13.04 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.28Xichuan County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xichuan County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 22 people; there are 4.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 11; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 17 people and takes up 72.27% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.55% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 18:18% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 4.55%; there are 16 people who have received high school education and they take up 72.73% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 13.64 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 9.09 % of the total inhabitants.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 203 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

4.3.29Sheqi County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Sheqi County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.82. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 80.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 5.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 children who take up 15.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 5.00%; there are 13 people who have received high school education and they take up 65.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.3OBaofeng County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Baofeng County, the population structure lies in the follcting: the total inhabitants are 19 people; there are 3.80 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 17 people and takes up 89.47% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 2 children who take up 10.53% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up 5.26% of the total inhabitants; there are 17 people who have received high school education and they take up 89.47% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 person who has graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 5.26 % of the total inhabitants. There is no resettlements problem. The land occupied by the sewage treatment plant was purchased in March, 2003.

4.3.31Jia County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Jia County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 21 people; there are 4.20 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 11; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1.10. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 19.05% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is no person who has received college education; there are 13 people who have received high school

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 204 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan education and they take up 61.90% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 23.81 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 14.29 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.32Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City

There is no resettlements problem. The compensatory payment to the land occupied by water-supplying plant and sewage treatment plant was made in 2002. The land belongs to the Resettlements Bureau

4.3.33Xinxiang County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xinxiang County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 21 people; there are 4.20 people in each sample family;,the number of male people is 12; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.75. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 15 people and takes up 76.19% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person who takes up 4.76% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 children who take up 19.05% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is no person who has received college education; there are 13 people who have received high school education and they take up 61.90% of the total inhabitants; there are 5 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 23.81 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 14.29 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.34Mengzhou City

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Mengzhou Cou'nty, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 19 people; there are 3.80 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.90. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 84.21% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 3 children who take up 15.79% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is no person who has received college education; there are 13 people who have received high school education and they take up 68.42% of the total inhabitants; there are 4 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 21.05 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 10.52 % of the total inhabitants.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 205 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

4.3.35Fengqiu County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Fengqiu County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 11; the number of female people is 9; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.82. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 14 people and takes up 70.00% of the total inhabitants; there is no old person; there are 6 children who take up 30.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is no per§on who has received college education; there are 11 people who have received high school education and they take up 55.00% of the total inhabitants; there are 6 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 30.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 3 and takes up 15.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.36Xiangcheng County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Xiangcheng County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 18 people; there are 3.60 people in each sample family; the number of ma!e people is 10; the number of female people is 8; the proportion of male to female is 1: 0.80. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 13 people and takes up 72.22% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person and takes up 5.56%; there are 4 children who take up 22.22% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there are 2 people who has received college education and takes up11.11%; there are *13. people who have received high school education and they take up 72.22%of the total inhabitants; there are 2 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 11.11 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 1 and takes up 5.56 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.37Neixiang County

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Neixiang County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 20 people; there are 4.00 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 10; the number of female people is 10; the proportion of male to female is 1: 1. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 16 people and takes up 80.00% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person and takes up 5.00%; there are 3 children who take up 15.00% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is 1 person who has received college education and takes up5.00%; there are 12 people who have received high school education and they take up 60.00%of the total inhabitants; there are 5

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 206 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan people who have graduated from elementary school or are -receiving elementary school education and they take up 25.00 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education) is 2 and takes up 10.00 % of the total inhabitants.

4.3.38Yima City

In terms of the 5 sample families investigated in Yima County, the population structure lies in the following: the total inhabitants are 17 people; there are 3.40 people in each sample family; the number of male people is 9; the number of female people is 8; the proportion of male to female is 1:0.89. In the sample families, the working inhabitants is 13 people and takes up 76.47% of the total inhabitants; there is 1 old person and takes up 5.88%; there are 3 children who take up 17.65% of the total inhabitants. In terms of the education degree of the sample families, there is nobody who has received college education; there are 12 people who have received high school education and they take up 70.59%of the total inhabitants; there are 3 people who have graduated from elementary school or are receiving elementary school education and they take up 17.65 % of the total inhabitants; the number of the adults and children who have never received any education (that is, the inhabitants below elementary school education). is 2 and takes up 11.76 % of the total inhabitants.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 207 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Appendixes to chapter 4

4.4.Consumption Structure of the Sample Families

4.4.1 Yuanyang County

There are 76 people in the 20 sample urban families in Yuanyang County; their per capita net income, is 4160.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2061.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 9.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 900 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2052.9 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 1.00% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.44% of the total. There are 39 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Yuanyang County, who has 2882.OYuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1334.0 Yuan; water consumption is 14.0 Yuan contained in 627.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1320.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.23% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.05% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2100.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1223.5 Yuan that includes 1.8 Yuan for water charges (included in 599.5 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1221.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.14% of the total.

4.4.2 Weishi County

There are 65 people in the 20 sample urban families in Weishi County; their per capita net income is 4967.3 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2479.0 Yuan, of which water charges are 26.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1034 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2453.0 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.51% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.05% of the total. There are 37 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Weishi County, who has 3570.OYuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1618.2.0 Yuan; water consumption is 15.5 Yuan contained in 712.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1602.7 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.18% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.96% of th'e total. Of the 22 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2532.6 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1401.3.Yuan that includes 1.9 Yuan for water charges (included in 644.6 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1399.4 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.30% of the expenditure of staple

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 208 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan and non-staple food and 0.14% of the total.

4.4.3 Tongxu County

There are 69 people in the 20 sample urban families in Tongxu County; their per capita net income is 4850.56 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2479.0 Yuan, of which water charges are 23.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1034 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2456.0 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.22% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.39% of the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Tongxu County, who has 3665.2Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1557.1 Yuan; water consumption is 14.5 Yuan contained in 654.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1542.6 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.22% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.93% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2355.2 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1243.5 Yuan that includes 1.8 Yuan for water charges (included in 572.0 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1241.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.32% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.15% of the total.

4.4.4 Lankao County

There are 76 people in the 20 sample urban families in Lankao County; their per capita net income is 4550.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2749.1 Yuan, of which water charges are 20.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1200 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2729.1 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 1.67% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.73% of the total. There are 38 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Lankao County, who has 3520.OYuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1452.3 Yuan; water consumption is 16.0 Yuan contained in 639.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1436.3 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.50% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.10% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2100.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1285.6 Yuan that includes 2.0 Yuan for water charges (included in 617.1 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1283.6 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.32% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.16% of the total.

4.4.5 Taikang County

There are 72 people in the 20 sample urban families in Taikang County; their per

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 209 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan capita net income is 5070.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2837.5 Yuan, of which water charges are 23.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1156.0 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2814.5 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 1.99% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.81% of the total. There are 39 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Taikang County, who has 3437.5Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1502.3 Yuan; water consumption is 13.5 Yuan contained in 661.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1488.8 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.04% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.90% of the total. Of the 22 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net ificome is 2281.7 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1696.4 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 763.4 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1694.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.22% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.10% of the total.

4.4.6 Mengjin County

There are 68 people in the 20 sample urban families in Mengjin County; their per capita net income is 5171.4 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2876.5 Yuan, of which water charges are 28.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1144 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2848.5 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.45% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.97% of the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Mengjin County, who has 3151.5Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1447.7 Yuan; water consumption is 14.7 Yuan contained in 637.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and ion-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1433.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.31% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.02% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2250.2 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1573.5 Yuan that includes 1.8 Yuari for water charges (included in 723.8 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1571.6 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.25% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.12% of the total.

4.4.7 Xin'an County

There are 80 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xin'an County; their per capita net income is 4878.9 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2773.7 Yuan, of which water charges are 30.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1130 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2743.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.65% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.08% of the total.

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There are 38 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xin'an County, who has 3004.lYuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1408.9 Yuan; water consumption is 13.3 Yuan contained in 634.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1395.6 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.09% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.94% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 3129.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1791.0 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 698.5 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1789.4 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.24% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.09% of the total.

4.4.8 Yiyang County

There are 69 people in the 20 sample urban families in Yiyang County; their per capita net income is 4839.9 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2958.0 Yuan, of which water charges are 30.2 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1119 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2927.8 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.70% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.02% of the total. here are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Yiyang County, who has 3433.1 Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1437.8 Yuan; water consumption is 12.7 Yuan contained in 647.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1425.1 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 1.96% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.88% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2220.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1410.9 Yuan that includes 1.6 Yuan for water charges (included in 649.0 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1409.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.24% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.11% of the total.

4.4.9 Songxian County

There are 64 people in the 20 sample urban families in Songxian County; their per capita net income is 4577.3 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3076.5 Yuan, of which water charges are 33.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1134 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3043.5 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.91% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.07% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Song County, who has 3098.7Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1460.9 Yuan; water consumption is 14.5 Yuan contained in 672.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1446.4 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.16% of that of staple The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 211 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.99% of the total. Of the 18 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2112.6 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1408.9 Yuan that includes 1.8 Yuan for water charges (included in 662.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1407.1 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.27% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.10 Shanxian County

There are 48 people in the 20 sample urban families in Shanxian County; their per capita net income is 4988.1 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3811.0 Yuan, of which water charges are 28.7 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1109. Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3782.3 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.59% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.75% of the total. There are 39 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Shan County, who has 3029.4Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1451.1 Yuan; water consumption is 13.9 Yuan contained in 653.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1437.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.13% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.96% of the total. Of the 19 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2083.2 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1406.1 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 646.8 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1404.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.27% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.12% of the total.

4.4.11 Suixian County

There are 61 people in the 20 sample urban families in Suixian County; their per, capita net income is 4465.5 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3389.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 31.5 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1118 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3358.4 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.82% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.93% of the total. There are 42 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Sui County, who has 2911.7Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1527.3 Yuan; water consumption is 16.0 Yuan contained in 672.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1511.3 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.38% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.05% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2273.3 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1377.4 Yuan that includes 2 Yuan for water charges (included in 633.6 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1375.4 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.32% of the expenditure of staple

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 212 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan and non-staple food and 0.15% of the total.

4.4.12 Xiayi County

There are 63 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xiayi County; their per capita net income is 4869.8 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3131.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 29.6 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1124 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3102.2 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.63% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.95% of the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xiayi County, who has 2773.1Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1484.1 Yuan; water consumption is 14.5 Yuan contained in 653.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other, items is 1469.6 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.22% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.98% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2095.8 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1447.1 Yuan that includes 1.8 Yuan for water charges (included in 651.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1445.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.28% of the expenditure pf staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.13 Zhicheng County

There are 75 people in the 20 sample urban families in Zhicheng County; their per capita net income is 4336.8 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2483.6 Yuan, of which water charges are 27.4 Yuan (being included *in.the expenditure of 1060 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2456.2 Yuan.- Among them the water charges account for 2.58% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.10 % of the total. There are 43 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Zhecheng County, who has 2713.7Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1371.7 Yuan; water consumption is 15.0 Yuan contained in 631.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1356.7 Yuan. The-water consumption occupies 2.38% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.09% of the total. Of the 22 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 1856.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1385.5 Yuan that includes 1.9 Yuan for water charges (included in 651.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1383.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.14% of the total.

4.4.14 Shenqiu County

There are 76 people in the 20 sample urban families in Shenqiu County; their per

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capita net income is 4134.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3198.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 26.5 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1055 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3172.4 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.51% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.83% of the total. There are 45 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Shenqiu County, who has 2726.6Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1437.8 Yuan; water consumption is 12.2 Yuan contained in 647.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1425.6 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 1.88% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.85% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2058.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1286.5 Yuan that includes 1.5 Yuan for water charges (included in 591.8 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1285.0 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.26% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.12% of the total

4.4.15 Xiangcheng City

There are 69 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xiangcheng City; their per capita net income is 5330.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3563.1 Yuan, of which water charges are 29.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1106 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3534.1 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.62% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.81% of the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xiangcheng County, who has 3395.7Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1521.4 Yuan; water consumption is 12.9 Yuan contained in 639.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1508.5 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.02% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.85% of the total. No resettlement problem is involved in Xiangcheng because water pipe nets are available there.

4.4.16 Xiping,Couty

There are 56 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xiping County; their per capita net income is 5755.1 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3591.1 Yuan, of which water charges are 31.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1045 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3560.1 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.97% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.86% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xiping County, who has 3050.3Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1553.7 Yuan; water consumption is 15.5 Yuan contained

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 214 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan in 637.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1538.2 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.43% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.00% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2822.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1411.7 Yuan that includes 1.9 Yuan for water charges (included in 592.9 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1409.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.33% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.14% of the total.

4.4.17 Suiping County

There are 63 people in the 20 sample urban families in Suiping County; their per capita net income is 5743.7 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3785.7 Yuan, of which water charges are 34.OYuan (being included in the expenditure of 1060*Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3751.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 3.21% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.90% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Suiping County, who has 3162.5Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1395.5 Yuan; water consumption is 13.5 Yuan contained in 614.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1382.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.20% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.97% of the total. Of the 23 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2276.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1265.0 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 581.9 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1409.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total

4.4.18 Runan County

There are 571 people in the 20 sample urban families in Runan County; their per capita net income is 4481.1 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3295.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 27.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1055 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 33268.8 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.56% of the staple & non-staple food expenditpre, and 0.82% of the total. There are 38 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Runan County, who has 2959.OYuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1322.2 Yuan; water consumption is 12.4 Yuan contained in 595.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1309.8 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.08% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.94% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2114.7 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1174.9 Yuan that includes 1.6 Yuan for The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 215 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan water charges (included in 552.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1173.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.28% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.19 Zhengyang County

There are 54 people in the 20 sample urban families in Zhengyang County; their per capita net income is 5188.3 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2976.1 Yuan, of which water charges are 27.4 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1097 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2948.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.50% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.92% of the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Zhengyang County, who has 3730.1Yuan income per person. The total. of expenditure per person is 1480.5Yuan; water consumption is 12.4 Yuan contained in 607.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1468.1 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.03% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.83% of the total. Of the 19 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2205.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1409.0 Yuan that includes 1.5 Yuan for water charges (included in 591.8 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1407.5 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.26% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.11% of the total.

4.4.20 Xincai County

There are 60 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xincai County; their per capita net income is 5081.7 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2860.2 Yuan, of which water charges are 31.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1082 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2829.2 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.87% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.08% of the total. There are 42 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xincai County, who has 3087.7Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1531.7 Yuan; water consumption is 14.5 Yuan contained in 628.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1517.2 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.31% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.95% of the total. - Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2190.3 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1409.5 Yuan that includes 1.8 Yuan for water charges (included in 606.1 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1407.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.30% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

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4.4.21 Huangchuan County

There are 63 people in the 20 sample urban families in Huangchuan County; their per capita net income is 5200.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3640.5 Yuan, of which water charges are 23.8 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1130 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3616.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.11% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.65% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Huangchuan County, who has 3207.6Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1616.7 Yuan; water consumption is 13.7 Yuan contained in 679.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1603.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.01% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.95% of the total. Of the 22 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2100.0 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1345.0 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 591.8 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1343.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.22 Xixian County

There are 72 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xixian County; their per capita net income is 4867.2 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2881.2 Yuan, of which water charges are 29.8 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1062 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2851.4 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.81% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.03% of the total. There are 42 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xi County, who has 3228.5Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1448.8 Yuan; water consumption is 13.7 Yuan contained in 623.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1435.2 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.19% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.94% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families, the average net income is 2117.9 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1280.0 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 563.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1278.3 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.30% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.23 Luoshan County

There are 75 people in the 20 sample urban families in Luoshan County; their per capita net income is 5227.3 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2936.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 31.4 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1111 Yuan in The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 217 Total 334 The Report on the Soclal Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2905.4 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.83% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.07% of the total. There are 37 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Luoshan County, who has 3280.2Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1430.2 Yuan; water consumption is 13.9 Yuan contained in 615.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1416.4 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.25% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.97% of the total. The task for Luoshan County is to improve their water pipe nets and no resettlement problem is involved in the project.

4.4.24 Pingqiao District, Xinyang City

There are 71 people in the 20 sample urban families in Pingqiao district, Xinyang City; their per capita net income is 5478.2 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2980.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 25.7 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1012 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2955.2 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.54% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.86% of the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Pingqiao District of Xinyang City, who has 3554.1Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1505.0 Yuan; water consumption is 11.8 Yuan contained in 602.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1493.3 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 1.95% of that-of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.78% of the total. Of the 19 people from 5 sample resettlement families in the Pingqiao district of Xinyang city, average net income is 2400.3 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1360.9 Yuan that includes 1.5 Yuan for water charges (included in 585.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1359.5 Yuan. Water, charges occupy 0.25% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.11% of the total.

4.4.25 Yangshan District, Xinyang City

There are 74 people in the 20 sample urban families in Yangshan District, Xinyang City; their per capita net income is 5478.2 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2980.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 27.9 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1082 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3570.4 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.58% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.78% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Yangshan District of Xinyang City, who has 3667.4Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1492.9 Yuan; water consumption is 13.8 Yuan contained in 627.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 218 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan food; the consumption of other items is 1479.1 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.19% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.92% of the total. Of the 18 people from 5 sample resettlement families in the Yangshan district of Xinyang city, average net income is 2430.8 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1386.5 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 596.2 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1384.8 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.12% of the total.

4.4.26 Xinye County

There are 73 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xinye County; their per capita net income is 4985.5 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2410.1 Yuan, of which water charges are 29.4 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1052 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2380.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.79% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 1.22% of the total. There are 42 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xinye County, who has 3275.8Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1483.7 Yuan; water consumption is 13.2 Yuan contained in 638.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1470.5 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.07% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.89% of the total. In Xinye County, the land for waterworks was expropriated in 1995 and resettlements were compensated then, so the land belongs to the project and the residents there are the subjects investigated in this project.

4.4.27 Dengzhou City

There are 74 people in the 20 sample urban families in Dengzhou City; their per capita net income is 5245.5 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2510.2 Yuan, of which water charges are 22.7 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1047 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2487.5 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.17% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.90% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Dengzhou County, who has 3664.1Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1482.9 Yuan; water consumption is 12.0 Yuan contained in 608.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1471.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 1.97% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.81% of the total. Of the 23 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Dengzhou County, the average net income is 2542.1 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1401.2 Yuan that includes 1.5 Yuan for water charges (included in 588.5 Yuan for staple and non-staple The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 219 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan food). The other expenditure is 1399.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.25% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.11% of the total.

4.4.28 Xichuan County

There are 68 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xichuan County; their per capita net income is 5157.1 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2817.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 24.3 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1066 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2793.6 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.28% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 6.86% of the total. There are 38 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xichuan County, who has 3444.1Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1483.7 Yuan; water consumption is 15.6 Yuan contained in 638.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1468.1 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.45% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.05% of the total. - Of the 23 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Xichuan County, the average net income is 2255.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1342.5 Yuan that includes 2.0 Yuan for water charges (included in 590.7 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1340.6 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.33% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.15% of the total.

4.4.29 Sheqi County

There are 69 people in the 20 sample urban families in Sheqi County; their per capita net income is 4956.9 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3072.7 Yuan, of which water charges are 23.5 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1073 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3049.2 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.19% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.76% of the total. There are 41 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Sheqi County, who has 3163.6Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1427.9 Yuan; water consumption is 13.9 Yuan contained in 614.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1414.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.26% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.97% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Sheqi County, the average net income is 2213.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1357.5 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 597.3 Yuan for staple and n6 n-staple food). The other expenditure is 1355.8 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 220 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Henan

4.4.30 Baofeng County

There are 71 people in the 20 sample urban families in Baofeng County; their per capita net income is 5254.6 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3714.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 29.2 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1081 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3685.6 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.70% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.79% of the total. There are 36 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Baofeng County, who has 3581.6Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1485.7 Yuan; water consumption is 14.7 Yuan cpntained in 624.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1471.1 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.35% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.99% of the total. Of the 19 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Baofeng County, the average net income is 2324.7 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1350.3 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 627.0 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1348.6 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.27% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.31 Jiaxia County

There are 73 people in the 20 sample urban families in Jiaxia County; their per capita net income is 5400.2 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2975.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 28.8 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1068 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2947.0 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.70% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.97% of the total. There are 35 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Jia County, who has 3370.4Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1462.8 Yuan; water consumption is 12.9 Yuan contained in 629.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1449.9 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.04% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.88% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Jiaxian County, the average net income is 2360.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1277.5 Yuan that includes 1.6 Yuan for water charges (included in 562.1 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1275.9Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.29% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.32 New City District, Pingdingshan City

There are 69 people in the 20 sample urban families in New City District, Pingdingshan City; their per capita net income is 5509.4 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3757.6 Yuan, of which water charges are 24.9 Yuan (being included in

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 221 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan the expenditure of 1057 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3732.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.36% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.66% of the total. There are 42 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xincheng District of Pingdingshan City, who has 3633.3Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1492.7 Yuan; water consumption is 12.6 Yuan contained in 612.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1480.1 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.05% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.84% of the total. The land for waterworks and sewage treatment plant in Xincheng district of Pingdingshan city was expropriated in 2002 and its resettlement is not includd in the resettlement of this project.

4.4.33 Xinxiang County

There are 68 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xinxiang County; their per capita net income is 5330.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2928.9 Yuan, of which water charges are 10.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1108 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2918.9 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 0.90% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.34% of the total. There are 38 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xinxiang County, who has 3935.8Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1789.7 Yuan; water consumption is 13.8Yuan contained in 698.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1776.0 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 1.97% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.77% of the total. Of the 21 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Xinxiang County, the average net income is 2572.5 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1685.4 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 691.0 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1683.7 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.25% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.10% of the total..

4.4.34 Mengzhou City

There are 65 people in the 20 sample urban families in Mengzhou City; their per capita net income is 5070.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2525.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 15.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 980 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2510.8 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 1.53% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.59% of the total. There are 38 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Mengzhou County, who has 3278.OYuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is .1505.0 Yuan; water consumption is 13.2 Yuan

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 222 Total 334 of Henan The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns contained in 602.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1491.8 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.19% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.88% of the total. Of the 19 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Menzhou Colinty, the average net income is 2462.3 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1386.0 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 596.0 Yuan for staple and non-staple of the food). The other expenditure is 1384.4 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.28% expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.12% of the total.

4.4.35 Fengqiu County

There are 75 people in the 20 sample urban families in Fengqiu County; their per capita net income is 4940 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2176.4 Yuan, of which water charges are 14.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 950 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2162.4 Yuan. Among them the water of charges account for 1.47% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.64% the total. There are 40 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Fengqiu County, who has 3163.6Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1308.9 Yuan; water consumption is 12.0 Yuan contained in 589.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1296.9 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.03% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.91% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Fengqiu County, the average net income is 2055.9 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1356.1 Yuan that includes 1.5 Yuan for water charges (included in 583.1 Yuan for staple and non-staple the food). The other expenditure is 1354.6 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.26% of expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.11% of the total.

4.4.36 Xiangcheng County

There are 68 people in the 20 sample urban families in Xiangcheng County; their per capita net income is 5005.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3092.8 Yuan, of which water charges are 18.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1200 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3074.8 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 1.50% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.58% of the total. There are 36 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Xiangcheng County, who has 3044.8Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1485.4 Yuan; water consumption is 15.6 Yuan contained in 609.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1469.8 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.56% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.05% of the total. Of the 18 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Xiangcheng County, the average net income is 2131.5 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1435.5 Yuan that The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 223 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan includes 2.0 Yuan for water charges (included in 602.9 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1433.6 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.31% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.37 Neixiang County

There are 62 people in the 20 sample urban families in Neixiang County; their per capita net income is 4781.4 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 2340.0 Yuan, of which water charges are 20.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 967 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 2320.0 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.05% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.85% of the total. There are 43 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Neixiang County, who has 2675.2Yuan income per person. The total of expenditure per person is 1247.8 Yuan; water consumption is 13.9 Yuan contained in 574.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1233.9 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.42% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 1.11% of the total. Of the 20 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Neixiang County, the average net income is 2065.4 Yuan with average total expenditure of 13251.5 Yuan that includes 1.7 Yuan for water charges (included in 568.3 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1319.8 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.3 1% of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.13% of the total.

4.4.38 Yima City

There are 61 people in the 20 sample urban families in Yima City; their per capita net income is 5395.0 Yuan. Their per capita total expenditure is 3690.7 Yuan, of which water charges are 36.0 Yuan (being included in the expenditure of 1253 Yuan in per capita staple & non-staple food), and others, 3654.7 Yuan. Among them the water charges account for 2.87% of the staple & non-staple food expenditure, and 0.98% of the total. There are 42 people in the 10 sample families going to and fro between towns and the countryside in Yiwu City, who has 3355.OYuan income per person. The, total of expenditure per person is 1759.0 Yuan; water consumption is 13.7 Yuan contained in 686.0 Yuan, that is, the expenditure of staple and non-staple food; the consumption of other items is 1745.3 Yuan. The water consumption occupies 2.00% of that of staple and non-staple food; water consumption occupies 0.78% of the total. Of the 17 people from 5 sample resettlement families in Yima County, the average net income is2782.5 Yuan with average total expenditure of 1321.5 Yuan that includes 1.9 Yuan for water charges (included in 679.1 Yuan for staple and non-staple food). The other expenditure is 1739.5 Yuan. Water charges occupy 0.28%, of the expenditure of staple and non-staple food and 0.11% of the total.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 224 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 225 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Tables

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 226 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project intowns of Hinan

Attached Table 3-1 Ground Area, Population and Employee Numbers of Sample Counties (Cities) (2004)

Average the Density of Area of Ground Total Population in Population per Population Employees (ten Primary Industry Second Industry Third Industry Conymtyrsq the end of the year year(ten (person/square thousand) (ten thousand) (ten thousand) (ten thousand) thousand) kilometers)

1. Kaifeng City Weishi County 1298.74 85.79 85.62 660.53 49.95 36.29 7.28 6.38

Tongxu County 767.9 59.59 59.36 776.08 35.99 28.86 1.31 5.83 Lan Kao County 1107.92 75.60 75.33 682.36 45.69 33.21 6.43 6.04

2.Luoyang City Xinan County 1156.51 49.31 49.31 426.36 31.17 19.91 6.43 4.83 Mengjin County 733.33 45.27 45.27 617.28 27.95 16.39 6.84 4.73 Yiyang County 1669.44 67.40 67.19 403.70 40.82 24.63 7.44 8.75 Song County 3006.31 54.06 53.96 179.81 33.38 25.14 3.02 5.23

3.Pingdingshan City Baofeng County 731.16 48.21 48.06 659.33 30.29 20.43 4.20 5.66 Jia County 724.27 14.64 54.60 202.15 750.17 36.86 29.14 2.63

4.Xinxiang City Xinxiang County 540.97 43.28 43.17 799.98 24.58 10.97 8.83 4.79 Yuanyang County 1331.67 65.74 65.56 493.65 31.76 23.94 2.88 4.95 5.Xuchang City langcheng County 916.88 80.77 80.56 880.96 53.31 40.80 4.03 8.48

6.Satmenxia City _ I Shan County 1609.72 34.87 34.86 216.62 19.71 12.30 3.45 3.96

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 227 Total 334 The Report on the Social EvaluAtion of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 3-1 Ground Area, Population and Employee Numbers of Sample Counties (Cities) (2004) (continued)

County and city AveaeteDniyo Area of Ground Total Population in erage the Density of Population per Population Employees (ten Primary Industry Second Industry Third Industry. (square the end of the year year(ten (person/square thousand) (ten thousand) (ten thousand) (ten thousand) kilometers) (ten thousand) thousand) kilometers) 3665.78 36.26 36.19 98.93 19.14 13.75 1.56 3.83

7.Shangqiu City Sui County 920.71 79.56 79.35 864.13 50.35 34.91 7.80 7.64 Xiayi County 1485.7 112.53 112.23 757.43 63.51 40.98 8.09 14.44 Zhecheng County 1042.03 94.10 93.85 903.06 62.18 36.62 11.63 13.94

8. Nanyang City Dengzhou County 2369.65 153.24 152.85 646.68 87.84 61.22 10.70 15.93 Xinye County 1056.36 73.86 73.67 699.21 44.86 31.67 4.21 8.98 Sheqi County 1151.59 64.26 64.08 558.04 34.23 28.22 1.09 4.93 Xichuan County 2818.12 73.37 73.21 260.34 36.77 26.85 3.20 6.72 9.Zhumadian City Queshan County 2028.97 50.09 55.12 246.86 33.02 23.50 3.31 6.21 Xincai County 1441.75 102.40 102.35 710.22 65.03 45.96 9.76 9.31 Xiping County 1098.12 84.76 84.50 771.91 57.03 21.06 16.19 19.78 Zhengyang County 1903.46 75.03 74.73 394.20 45.48 32.26 4.05 9.17 Suiping County 1213.19 54.72 58.16 451.08 35.29 24.87 4.46 5.95 Runan County 1615.35 77.80 80.88 481.65 50.14 38.68 4.45 7.01

10.Zhoukou City ' Luyi County 1248.41 115.79 115.44 927.54 67.16 60.53 2.31 4.32

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 228 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 3-1 Ground Area, Population and Employee Numbers of Sample Counties (Cities) (2004) (continued)

County and city Average the Density of Area of Ground Total Population in. Population per Population Employees (ten Pnmary Industry Second Industry Third Industry (ten thousand) (ilomrsqe tend thear) year(ten (person/square thousand) (ten thousand) (ten thousand) kilometers) (ten thousand) thuad kioees______thousand) kilometers) 2.31 5.43 Shenqiu County 1081.49 122.36 122.01 1131.43 70.88 63.14 4.02 Taikang County 1760.79 136.31 135.95 774.12 83.45 78.22 1.21 6.43 5.43 Xiangcheng City 1079.06 116.50 0.00 1079.66 67.87 56.00 11.Xinyang City 25.48 5.94 8.06 Pingqiao Zone 1891.77 76.65 76.33 405.18 39.48 30.73 5.91 9.57 Huangchuan County 1638.04 79.11 78.89 482.93 46.21 13.46 Xi County 1888.45 92.38 92.12 489.20 49.92 33.02 3.44 10.12 Luoshan County 2072.68 72.08 71.84 347.78 37.28 22.03 5.13 3.49 2.89 Yangshan Zone 108.5 69.78 70.15 15548.90 29.28 15.34

12.Jiaozuo City 6.05 3.00 Memgzhou City 541.64 35.00 35.00 15.48 20.10 11.05

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 229 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 3-2 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Sample Counties (Cities) in 2004

County (City) Gdp(ten thousand yuan) Primary industry Second industry Third industry Gdp per person (yuan) ______Industry

1. Kaiffeng City Weishi County 518433.3 176718.1 238427.3 206527.8 110113.4 6118.2 Tongxu County 367581.9 160473.8 111138.3 90145.6 99898.1 6256.9 Lankao County 405197.2 122348.5 144184.4 118183.8 144876.4 5434.9 2.Louyang City Xinan County 508100.3 39865.8 353284.0 297998.4 125780.9 10411.5 Mengjin County 228630.2 47933.2 110677.0 82075.2 74109.0 5102.9 Yiyang County 206783.9 68468.5 66155.0 49807.6 75157.3 3109.7 Song County 198225.7 66299.3 63172.1 38978.8 71604.0 3712.3 3. Pingdingshan

City

Baofeng County 399099.5 54722.7 225762.7 204836.7 126605.7 8391.1 Jia-City 287667.8 79501.4 139727.0 117514.7 72866.4 5340.5 4. Xinxiang City 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Xinxiang County 477084.1 93234.8 256013.0 220584.0 136448.9 11167.6 Yuanyang County 264939.2 103428.6 98592.2 81111.8 66078.1 4083.0

5. Xuchang City _

Xiangcheng County 397994.3 132552.4 131399.0 109381.2 139754.2 4991.4

6. Shanmenxia City _

* Shan County 303841.6 41882.6 134984.9 98695:0 133304.0 8807.2 Grlushi County 120551.6 38758.1 24709.9 12818.5 58969.2 3365.5

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 230 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 3-2 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Sample Counties (Cities) in 2004 (continued)

Industry GDP Per Person (yuan) County City GDP(ten thousand yuan) Primary Industry Second Industry Industry Third

7. Shangqiu City 4850.4 Sui County 380924.6 178013.1 116352.2 88776.4 90185.9 4103.4 Xiayi Ciunty 455744.8 208267.2 157940.2 115243.0 93922.9 3234.8 Zhecheng County 300407.9 151302.0 57750.2 36666.1 94043.4

8. Nanyang City 6940.0 Dengzhou City 876644.1 339658.8 284921.2 247693.1 262899.0 7718.0 Xinye County 562702.4 184227.2 254296.7 223811.3 131900.0 3946.5 Qishe County 250329.9 111963.0 63088.5 50132.8 77940.7 5412.1 Xichuan County 392105.8 131068.0 188807.6 161208.3 77430.6 9.Zhumadian City 4767.4 Queshan County 260091.0 77889.5 122685.1 108597.0 63320.4 3456.5 Xincai County 350099.4 144458.4 137626.1 114665.7 71849.7 6346.7 Xiping County 530777.8 169637.7 218251.5 181870.6 150474.9 3824.9 Zhengyang County 282894.7 139416.3 72412.4 55316.6 73587.2 5497.4 Suiping County 316419.1 99936.3 124364.2 101009.9 96725.1 Runan County 320956.9 130862.7 110764.2 92727.0 83010.3 4009.1

10.Zhoukou City Luyi County 560256.8 185631.6 209228.6 163348.5 173305.1 4903.9 3257.5 Shenqiu County 393367.9 142212.6 166018.4 129746.0 90115.7 Taikang County 507364.6 246691.3 169129.1 142407.5 95920.1 3770.3 7068.7 Xiangcheng City 812887.9 171021.7 466839.3 411261.7 189038.1

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 231 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 3-2 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Sample Counties (Cities) in 2004 (continued)

11 .Xinyang City

Pingqiao Area 474129.0 97346.4 238442.4 187356.4 147069.0 6288.7 Huangchuan County 417235.8 163791.2 147553.1 102375.8 110886.8 5343.9 Xi County 279575.8 116209.9 95052.8 70118.2 71446.1 3066.5 Luoshan County 302232.8 99773.9 106342.8 56464.6 100441.0 4251.2 Yangshan Area 362679.4 119728.6 127611.3 67757.5 120529.2 5197.5 12.Jiaozuo City Mengzhou City 223200.0 170000.0 31340.0 5400.0 16460.0 6377.2

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 232 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 3-3 Per capita net income &Engel's coefficient in 2004 in sample counties (cities)

Engel's coefficient E County's Name Net income per person /yuan

The town Out and home denizen Resettlement The town Out and home denizen Resettlement 0.49 2100.0 0.44 0.47 Yuanyang County 4160 2882.0 0.42 0.44 0.46 Weishi County 4967.3 3570.6 2532.6 0.46 2355.2 0.42 0.42 Tongxu County 4850.6 3665.2 0.44 0.44 0.48 Lankao County 4550 3520.0 2100.0 0.41 0.44 0.45 Taikang County 5070 3437.5 2281.6 0.46 2250.2 0.40 0.44 Mengjin County 5171.4 3151.5 0.41 0.45 0.39 Xinan County 4878.9 3004.1 3129.0 0.46 2520.0 0.38 0.45 Yiyang County 4839.9 3433.1 0.47 2112.6 0.37 0.46 Song County 4577.3 3098.7 0.29 0.45 0.46 Shan County 4988.1 3029.4 2273.3 0.33 0.44 0.46 Sui County 4465.5 2911.7 2083.2 0.45 2095.8 0.36 0.44 Xiayi County 4869.8 . 2773.1 0.43 0.46 0.47 Zhecheng County 3515.0 2713.7 1856.4 0.46 2058.0 0.33 0.45 Shenqiu County 4134.0 2767.6 Non-Resettlement Non-Resettlement 0.31 0.42 Xiangcheng City 5330.0 3395.7 0.42 2822.4 0.29 0.41 Xiping County 5755.1 3050.3 0.46 2276.4 0.28 0.44 Suiping County 5743.7 3162.5 0.32 0.45 0.47 Runan County 4481.1 2959.0 2114.7 0.42 2205.0 0.37 0.41 Zhengyang County 5188.3 3730.1

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 233 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 3-3 Per capita net income & engel's coefficient in 2004 in sample counties (cities) (continued)

County Name Net income/per person /yuan Engel's coefficient E

The town Out and home denizen Resettlement The town Out and home denizen Resettlement

Xincai County 5081.7 3087.7 2190.3 0.38 0.41 0.43 Huangchuan County 5200.0 3207.6 2100.0 0.31 0.42 0.44 Xi County 4867.2 3228.5 2117.85 0.37 0.43 0.44 Luoshan County 5227.3 3280.2 Non- Resettlement 0.38 0.43 Non- Resettlement Pingqiao Area 5478.2 3554.1 2400.3 0.34 0.4 0.43 Yangshan Area 5487.3 3667.4 2430.7 0.30 0.42 0.43 Xinye County 4985.5 3275.8 2033.8 0.44 0.43 0.45 Dengzhou City 5245.5 3664.1 2542.1 0.42 0.41 0.42 Xichuan County 5157.1 3444.1 2255.4 0.38 0.43 0.44 Sheqi County 4956.9 3163.6 2213.4 0.35 0.43 0.44 Baofeng County 5254.6 3581.6 2324.7 0.29 0.42 0.43 Jia County 5400.2 3370.4 2360.4 0.36 0.43 0.44 Pingdingshan City 5509.4 3633.3 Non- Resettlement 0.28 0.41 Non- Resettlement Xinxiang County 5330.0 3935.8 2572.5 0.38 0.39 0.41 Mengzhou City 5070.0 3278.0 2462.3 0.39 0.4 0.43 Fengqiu County 4940.0 3 f63.6 2055.9 0.44 0.45 0.43 Xiangcheng County 5005.0 3044.8 2131.5 0.39 0.41 0.42 Neixiang County 4781.4 2675.2 2065.4 0.42 0.46 0.43 Yima City 5395.0 3355.0 2782.5 0.34 0.39 0.39 Average 5019.2 3259.6 2299.2 0.37 0.43 0.44

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 234 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-1 Population in sample urban families in sample counties

Average 1-16 years 1 7--60 years Children/total Labor/total Elder/total County(City) Sample family Population ulato Male Female Female/male old old More than 60 poplaton polton platon population old old population population population

Yuanyang 20 76 3.80 39 37 0.95 21 51 4 27.63% 67.11% 5.26% County 69.23% 4.62% Weishi County 20 65 3.25 34 31 0:91 17 45 3 26.15%

Tongxu 20 69 3.45 36 33 0.92 18 48 3 26.09% 69.57% 4.35% County 68.42% 6.58% Lankao County 20 76 3.80 39 37 0.95 19 52 5 25.00%

Taikang 20 72 3.60 37 35 0.95 20 48 4 27.78% 66.67% 5.56% County

Mengjin 20 68 3.40 34 34 1.00 15 50 3 22.06% 73.53% 4.41% County 8.75% Xinan County 20 80 4.00 40 40 1.00 17 56 7 21.25% 70.00% 2 27.54% 69.57% 2.90% Yiyang County 20 69 3.45 36 33 0.92 19 48 2 23.44% 73.44% 3.13% Song County 20 64 3.20 33 31 0.94 15 47 2.08% Shan County 20 48 2.40 24 24 1.00 12 35 1 25.00% 72.92% 6.56% Sui County 20 61 3.05 31 30 0.97 12 45 4 19.67% 73.77% 25.40% 73.02% 1.59% Xiayi County 20 63 3.15 32 31 0.97 16 46 1

Zhecheng 20 75 3.75 36 39 1.08 14 56 5 18.67% 74.67% 6.67% County

Shenqiu 20 76 3.80 37 39 1.05 13 56 7 17.11% 73.68% 9.21% County I

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 235 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-1 Population in sample urban families in sample counties (continued)

Average 1-16 years 17-60 years more than Children/total Labor/total elder/total County(city) Sample family Population Male Female Female/Male population old old 60 population population population Xiangcheng 20 69 3.45 35 34 0.97 9 57 3 13.04% 82.61% 4.35% City Xiping 20 56 2.80 29 27 0.93 11. 42 3 19.64% 75.00% 5.36% County Suiping 20 63 3.15 35 28 0.80 7 54 2 11.11% 85.71% 3.17% County Runan 20 57 2.85 29 28 0.97 9 45 3 15.79% 78.95% 5.26% County

Zhengyang 20 54 2.70 28 26 0.93 10 41 3 18.52% 75.93% 5.56% Coupty Xincai 20 60 3.00 29 31 1.07 8 47 5 13.33% 78.33% 8.33% County

Huangchuan 20 63 3.15 33 30 0.91 10 48 5 15.87% 76.19% 7.94% County

Xi County 20 72 3.60 37 35 0.95 9 56 7 12.50% 77.78% 9.72% Luoshan 20 75 3.75 39 36 0.92 10 56 9 13.33% 74.67% 12.00% County

Pingqiao Area 20 71 3.55 36 35 0.97 8 57 6 11.27% 80.28% 8.45% Yangshan Area 20 74 3.70 39 35 0.90 12 59 3 16.22% 79.73% 4.05% Xinye County 20 73 '3.65 38 35 0.92 14 54 5 19.18% 73.97% 6.85% Dengzhou City 20 74 370 43 31 0.72 14 52 8 18.92% 70.27% 10.81%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 236 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-1 Population in sample urban families in sample counties (continued)

Children/total Labor/total elder/total Average 1-16 years 17-60 years more than County(city) Sample family Population pouain Male Female Female/Male olod60puatnppltinouain population population population old old 60 population 4 10.29% 83.82% 5.88% Xichuan County 20 68 3.40 36 32 0.89 7 57 8 57 4 11.59% 82.61% 5.80% Sheqi County 20 69 3.45 36 33 0.92 2 18.31% 78.87% 2.82% Baofeng County 20 71 3.55 36 35 0.97 13 56 3 16.44% 79.45% 4.11% Jia County 20 73 3.65 38 35 0.92 12 58 8 58 3 11.59% 84.06% 4.35% Pingdingshan 20 69 3.45 37 32 0.86 Xinxiang 20 68 3.40 35 33 0.94 11 52 5 16.18% 76.47% 7.35% County 10 48 7 15.38% 73.85% 10.77% Mengzhou City 20 65 3.25 33 32 0.97 15 56 4 20.00% 74.67% 5.33% Fengqiu ounty 20 75 3.75 38 37 0.97 11 51 6 16.18% 75.00% 8.82% Xiang County 20 68 3.40 34 34 1.00 Neixiang 20 62 3.10 32 30 0.94 13 45 4 20.97% 72.58% 6.45% County 4 13.11% 80.33% 6.56% Yima City 20 61 3.05 31 30 0.97 8 49 159 18.47% 75.35% 6.18% Total 760 2572 3.38 1324 1248 0.94 475 1938

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 237 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Hehan

Attached Table 4-1-1-2 Educational degree of sample urban families

Under primary high primary/total highunder primary County (city) Population primary prhmal high university school/total university/population school school population school/population school population

Yuanyang 76 1 8 62 5 10.53% 81.58% 6.58% 1.32% County

Weishi County 65 2 9 50 4 13.85% 76.92% 6.15% 3.08% Tongxu County 69 2 6 58 3 8.70% 84.06% 4.35% 2.90% Lankao County 76 1 7 60 8 9.21% 78.95% 10.53% 1.32% Taikang County 72 1 6 58 7 8.33% 80.56% 9.72% 1.39% Mengjin County 68 2 7 55 4 10.29% 80.88% 5.88% 2.94% Xinan County 80 1 7 64 8 8.75% 80.00% 10.00% 1.25% Yiyang County 69 3 8 52 6 11.59% 75.36% 8.70% 4.35% Song County 64 5 6 47 6 9.38% 73.44% 9.38% 7.81% Shan County 48 4 5 38 1 10.42% 79.17% 2.08% 8.33% Sui County 61 5 9 44 3 14.75% 72.13% 4.92% 8.20% Xiayi County 63 3 7 50 3 11.11% 79.37% 4.76% 4.76% Zhecheng 75 5 9 50 11 12.00% 66.67% 14.67% 6.67% County

Shenqiu County 76 4 12 52 8 15.79% 68.42% 10.53% 5.26% Xiangcheng 69 2 10 50 7 14.49% 72.46% 10.14% 2.90% County

Xiping Count/ 56 3 11 40 2 19.64% 71.43% * 3.57% 5.36% Suiping County 63 3 7 49 4 11.11% 77.78% 6.35% 4.76%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 238 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-2 Educational degree of sample urban families (continued)

County (city) Population Under primary primary high university primary/total high school/total university/population under primary school school school population population school/p6pulation Runan County 57 6 9 40 2 15.79% 70.18% 3.51% 10.53% Zhengyang 54 4 6 42 2 11.11% 77.78% 3.70% 7.41%

County Xincai County 60 6 9 42 3 15.00% 70.00% 5.00% 10.00% Huangchuan 63 5 9 45 4 14.29% 71.43% 6.35% 7.94%

County Xi County 72 7 9 47 9 12.50% 65.28% 12.50% 9.72% Luoshan County 75 5 6 57 7 8.00% 76.00% . 9.33% 6.67% Pingqiao Zone 71 6 13 43 9 18.31% 60.56% 12.68% 8.45% Yangshan Zone 74 7 9 49 9 12.16% 66.22% 12.16% 9.46% Xinye County 73 8 14 44 7 19.18% 60.27% 9.59% 10.96% Dengzhou City 74 5 11 51 7 14.86% 68.92% 9.46% 6.76% Xichuan County 68 3 6 50 9 8.82% 73.53% 13.24% 4.41%

Sheqi County 69 4 5 52 8 7.25% 75.36% 11.59% 5.80% Baofeng County 71 5 11 44 11 15.49% 61.97% 15.49% 7.04% Jia County 73 6 9 51 7 12.33% 69.86% 9.59% 8.22% Pingdingshan 69 5 5 50 9 7.25% 72.46% 13.04% 7.25% Xinxiang County 68 3 9 53 3 13.24% 77.94% 4.41% 4.41% Mengzhou City 65 2 1 4 55 4 6.15% 84.62% 6.15% 3.08% Fengqiu 75 2 10 60 3 13.33% 80.00% 4.00% 2.67% County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 239 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-2 Educational degree of sample urban families (continued)

County (city) Population Under primary primary high university primary/total high school/total university/population under primary school school school population population school/population Xiangcheng 68 1 8 56 3 11.76% 82.35% 4.41% 1.47% County

Neixiang County 62 5 7 48 2 11.29% 77.42% 3.23% 8.06% Yima City 61 2 6 47 6 9.84% 77.05% 9.84% 3.28% Total 2572 144 309 1905 214 12.01% 74.07% 8.32% 5.60%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 240 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-3 Working types of sample urban families Unit: ten thousand people

Government Labor Transportation Percentage Other Percentage Percentage Business Percentage Percentage Other Percentage County (city) Population and public Percentage Enterprise oftown institution (%) employees (%) men (%) Local (%% places M% Employees (M) I(mloesI) employees______

Yuanyang 4.6 0.13 2.83 1.02 22.17 0.24 5.22 0.87 18.91 0.23 5.00 0.10 2.15 2.01 43.72 County

Weishi 0.29 2.21 4.85 37.33 13 0.32 2.46 3.78 29.08 1.25 9.62 1.36 10.46 1.15 .8.85 County I Tongxu 3.8 0.12 3.16 1.27 33.47 0.21 5.53 0.57 15.00 0.09 2.37 0.12 3.28 1.41 37.19 County

Lankao 3.81 3.77 37.69 10 0.24 2.40 3.45 34.50 0.54 5.40 1.43 14.30 0.19 1.90 0.38 County

Taikang 9.8 0.29 2.96 3.24 33.06 0.59 6.02 1.87 19.08 0.17 1.73 0.29 2.96 3.35 34.18 County

Mengjin 6.5 0.18 2.77 2.28 35.08 0.42 6.46 1.01 15.54 0.06 0.92 0.19 2.89 2.36 36.34 County .

Xinan 3.29 2.83 35.34 8 0.28 3.50 2.46 30.75 0.79 9.88 1.27 15.88 0.11 1.38 0.26 County

Yiyang 11.8 0.38 3.22 3.72 31.53 0.96 8.14 1.86 15.76 0.75 6.36 0.38 3.24 3.75 31.76 County 10.14 0.69 7.07 0.31 3.17 3.24 33.21 Song County 9.76 0.31 3.18 3.54 36.27 0.68 6.97 0.99 0.37 * 3.04 4.24 35.29 Shan County 12 0.38 3.17 4.02 33.50 0.75 6.25 1.23 10.25 1.02 8.50

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 241 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-3 Working types of sample urban families Unit: ten thousand people (continued)

Government Labor Population and public Percentage Enterprise Percentage Business Percentage Percentage County (city) Percentage Other Percentage Transportation Percentage Other of town institution (%) employees (%) mtn (%) Local M) employees (%) places (%) Employees (%)

Sui County 8 0.26 3.25 2.70 33.75 0.43 5.38 1.21 15.13 0.58 7.25 0.27 3.38 2.55 31.88 Xiayi 12 0.41 3.42 3.84 32.00 0.64 5.33 1.97 16.42 0.69 5.75 0.42 3.51 4.03 33.58 County I Zhecheng 11.7 0.29 2.48 3.66 31.28 0.52 4.44 1.06 9.06 0.57 4.87 0.53 4.53 5.07 43.33 County

Shenqiu 13 0.47 3.62 4.38 33.69 0.79 6.08 1.37 10.54 1.92 14.77 0.36 2.78 3.71 28.53 County

Xiangchcng 22 0.46 2.09 6.18 28.09 1.79 8.14 2.68 12.18 2.03 9.23 0.83 3.76 8.03 36.51 County

Xiping 15.1 0.5 3.31 4.44 29.40 0.78 5.17 2.03 13.44 0.85 5.63 0.62 4.09 5.88 38.95 County I_I_I_I Suiping 11 0.34 3.09 3.42 .31.09 0.58 5.27 1.36 12.36 0.54 4.91 0.45 4.06 4.31 39.21 County Runan 9 0.28 3.11 2.94 32.67 0.71 7.89 1.32 14.67 0.73 8.11 0.28 3.12 2.74 County 30.43

Zhengyang 10 0.31 3.10 3.21 32.10 0.89 8.90 1.93 19.30 0.79 7.90 0.24 2.43 2.63 26.27 County

Xincai 8.7 0.27 3.10 2.68 10.76 0.76 8.74 1.53 17.59 0.85 9.77 0.21 2.46 2.40 27.58 County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 242 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-3 Working types of sample urban families Unit: ten thousand people (continued)

Employees Labor in Employees of Percentage Other Percentage Population g n Percentage Employees Percentage Business Percentage Percentage Transportation (%) (%) of town gn m (%) in enterprise (%) man (%) Percentage Other Local () pae % and public places institution

Huangchuan 15 0.49 3.27 5.78 38.56 1.43 8.71 1.91 12.83 1.01 6.73 0.40 2.69 3.97 26.48 County 27.58 8.74 1.53 17.59 0.85 9.77 0.21 2.46 2.40 Xi County 8.7 0.27 3.10 2.68 30.76 0.76

Luoshan 12.18 2.03 9.23 0.83 3.76 8.03 36.51 22 0.46 2.09 6.18 28.09 1.79 8.14 2.68 County I 2.46 2.40 27.58 0.76 8.74 1.53 17.59 0.85 9.77 0.21 Pingqiao Zone 8.7 0.27 3.10 2.68 30.76 Yangshan 22 0.46 2.09 6.18 28.09 1.79 8.14 2.68 12.18 2.03 9.23 0.83 3.76 8.03 36.51 Zone 3.73 5.87 39.12 1.02 6.80 1.72 11.47 1.34 8.93 0.56 Xinye County 15 0.43 2.87 4.06 27.08 Dengzhou 13 0.41 3.15 4.38 33.69 0.97 7.46 2.03 15.62 1.24 9.54 0.36 2.76 3.61 27.78 City Xichuan 27.52 7.83 1.92 16.00 1.03 8.58 0.30 2.48 3.30 Cun 12 0.4 3.33 4.11 34.25 0.94 __ - County _____ 3.04 2.52 36.47 0.48 6.96 1.24 17.97 0.48 6.96 0.21 Sheqi County 6.9 0.21 3.04 1.76 25.57 Baofeng 7.9 0.23 2.91 1.96 24.76 0.68 8.61 1.74 22.03 0.63 7.97 0.22 2.84 2.44 30.88

County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 243 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-1-3 Working types of sample urban families Unit: ten thousand people (continued)

Employees Labor in Population Percentage Employees Percentage Business Percentage Employees of Percentage Percentage County(City) government Other of town (%) in enterprise (%) man (%) Percentage Other Percentage Transportation (%) and public Local (%) .(%) places (%) institution

Jia County 6 0.19 3.17 1.86 31.00 0.35 5.83 0.96 16.00 0.35 5.83 0.18 2.95 2.11 35.22 Pingdingshan 7.6 0.28 3.68 3.18 41.84 0.79 10.39 1.68 22.11 0.23 3.03 0.21 2.80 1.23 16.14 Xiangcheng 12 0.36 3.00 5.18 43.17 0.79 6.58 0.68 5.67 0.23 1.92 County 0.43 3.58 4.33 36.08 Xinxiang 5 0.19 3.80 1.78 35.60 0.39 7.80 0.68 13.60 0.33 6.60 0.37 County 7.34 1.26 25.26

Mengzhou 8.2 0.33 4.02 3.38 41.22 0.79 9.63 0.68 8.29 1.03 12.56 0.10 City 1.22 1.89 23.05 Fengqiu 6 0.25 4.17 1.98 33.00 0.79 13.17 0.38 6.33 0.43 7.17 0.15 2.50 County 2.02 33.67 Neixiang 8 0.28 3.50 2.18 27.25 0.79 9.88 1.38 17.25 0.53 6.63 0.47 County 5.88 2.37 29.63

Yima City 15 0.46 3.07 6.78 45.20 1.79 11.93 0.68 4.53 0.13 0.87 1.93 12.89 3.23 21.51

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 244 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-2-1 Income of sample urban families Unit: yuan/per year

Labor Employees in Other Employees in government Employees Business County(City) an ulci a ocal Other placestrnptain eol Technologist Non- technologist Technologist Non- technologist

Yuanyang 14330 9645 21440 7235 6222 21055 12382 28600 3250 County Weishi 15557 9674 24658 7365 6478 19857 10538 31500 3335 County

Tongxu 15888 9275 23580 7234 6256 19780 11425 30450 3400 County Lankao 14784 9471 25800 7132 6386 17824 9887 32110 2800 County

Taikang 16156 10025 28468 7431 6453 20587 13852 34500 2500 County _

Mengjin 15792 10228 26550 7115 6500 18876 11545 32580 3445 County Xinan 15925 11450 26980 7318 6821 19960 12374 33680 3540 County

Yiyang 15795 10158 25400 6886 6549 18630 10860 32165 3100 County

Song County 15730 10230 26754 6984 6322 19250 11550 31960 2886 Jia County 17178 11246 27080 7842 6745 18965 12485 33660 3625 Sui County 14924 9862 23668 .7234 6246 20046 11486 31225 3010

Xiayi 14950 9950 24539 7115 6328 21468 11560 32580 3125 County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 245 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supp!y & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-2-1 Income of sample urban families Unit: yuan/per year (continued)

Labor Employees in government Employees B Employees in Other County(city) Businessman local other places and public institution in factory Transportation people technologist non- technologist technologist non- technologist Zhecheng 14906 9870 23225 7088 6228 19265 10445 30440 2900 County

Shenqiu County 13728 8975 21009 6520 5840 20012 12005 27600 2400 Xiangcheng 16646 11220 27908 7725 6685 19880 11240 34200 3100 County

Xiping County 16940 11450 28720 7550 6540 20000 12100 36280 3000 SuipingCounty 16800 11340 27896 7600 6600 19800 12250 35880 3100 Runan County 15158 10440 25890 7200 6300 20080 11800 33218 2985 Zhengyang 16100 11000 26645 7000 6450 19500 10500 32590 3000 County

Xincai County 14950 9980 25784 6980 6100 18800 11000 33460 2890 Huangchuan 18340 12000 30211 7540 6780 21000 12000 40060 3200 County

Xi County 15925 10800 26840 7000 6200 20000 11400 33560 3000

Luoshan County 15418 10000 25880 7100 6332 19800 11000 32548 3000

Pingqiao Zone 20250 12500 31140 7800 6500 21100 12500 42800 4000

Yangshan Zone 20250 12000 30010 7500 6445 20000 11850 42800 3800

Xinye County 13032 9500 20000 6880 5860 18500 9850 27600 2400

Dengzhou City 15400 10660 26800 7000 6100 19000 10850 32565 2800

Xichuan County 16100 11200 26985 7680 6420 18900 10000 38600 3020

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 246 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-2-1 Income of sample urban families Unit: yuan/per year (continued)

Labor Other Places Employees In Other In Government Employees Local Employees Businessman County(City) Non- Transportation People And Public Institution In Factory Technologist Non- Technologist Technologist - - Technologist 19950 10800 30120 2600 Sheqi County 14170 9850 22150 6986 6048 19600 11220 35668 3200 Baofeng County 16590 10280 24865 7650 6430 20000 10500 33890 3000 Jia County 15960 10100 24320 7400 6300. 22000 12500 45680 4500 Pingdingshan 21400 12250 33580 8000 6800

Xinxiang 19968 11280 32000 7580 6475 19650 11000 43225 3500 County 6550 19105 10840 39080 3200 Mengzhou City 17570 11880 29005 7674 21025 11550 29460 2980 Fengqiu County 13530 10060 21050 7200 6320

Xiangcheng 38500 3000 18300 11500 29450 7210 6400 20040 11520 County .

Neixiang135 28900 3125 13950 9950 20500 7115 6328 21468 11560 County 12500 40200 4500 Yima City 20335 11870 30280 8650 6800 20200

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 247 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-2-2 Living Conditions of sample urban families

Average living area per County(city) A ere g ae House 2 owned (%) House rented (%) Brick-timber structured (%) Brick-concrete structured (%) person (m )

Yuanyang County 26.2 100 0 15 85

Weishi County 23.5 95 . . 5 10 90 Tongxu County 27.5 98 2 12 88 Lankao County 28.4 97 3 14 86 Taikang County 30.2 . 97.5 2.5 0 100 Mengjin County 31 96 4 13 87 Xinan County 29.5 94 6 10 90 Yiyang County 40.3 95.5 4.5 12 88 Song County 31.2 93.7 6.3 9 91 Jia County 35.4 97.3 2.7 10.2 89.8 Sui County 22 95 5 8 92 Xiayi County 35 94 6 11 89 Zhecheng County 26 90 10 9 91 Shenqiu County 26 92 8 1.4 98.6 Xiangcheng City 30 87 13 35 65 Xiping County 35 92 8 4 96 Suiping County 30 89 11 5 95 Runan County 20 93 7 10 90 Zhengyang County 25 89 11 27 73 Xinan County 23 97 3 35 65 Huangchuan County 25.5 89 11 5 95

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 248 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-1-2-2 Living conditions of (continued)

Average living area/per structured (%) Brick-concrete structured (%) County(City) House owned (%) House rented (%) Brick-timber 2 person (m ) 79 Xi County 24 93 7 21 88 Luoshan County 33 94 6 12 88 Pingqiao Zone 32 89 11 12 89 Yangshan Zone 27.4 91 9 11 85.4 Xinye County 31.1 98 2 14.6 9.7 9.2 90.8 - Dengzhou County 25.6 90.3 13.6 86.4 Xichuan County 28.7 89.4 10.6 98 Sheqi County 25 89.3 10.7 2 86 Baofeng County 23.6 90.5 9.5 14 90 Jia County 30 94.3 5.7 10 95 Pingdingshan County 25 91.4 8.6 5 97 Xinxiang County 38 95 5 3 95 Mngzhou County 40 94 6 5 90 Fengqiu County 29 92 8 10 92 Xiangchen County 35 90 10 8 92 Neixiang County 28 95 5 8 91 Yima City 35 90 10 9

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 249 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-1 The population structure of sample moving and rural families 1-16 Simpled Population per 17-60 More Children/total Labor/total Elder/total County(city) PopulationMale Female Female/male years family family years old than 60 population population population

Yuanyang 10 39 3.90 20 19 0.95 9 29 1 County 23.08% 74.36% 2.56% Weishi County 10 37 3.70 19 18 0.95 10 25 2 27.03% 67.57% 5.41% Tongxu County 10 40 4.00 21 19 0.90 9 29 2 22.50% 72.50% 5.00% Lankao County 10 38 3.80 20 18 0.90 10 25 3 26.32% 65.79% 7.89% Taikang Coun 10 39 3.90 20 19 0.95 9 28 County 2 23.08% 71.79% 5.13% Mengjin 10 40 4.00 20 20 1.00 8 30 2 County 20.00% 75.00% 5.00% Xinan County 10 38 3.80 19 19 1.00 7 30 1 18.42% 78.95% 2.63% Yiyang County 10 40 4.00 21 19 0.90 9 29 2 22.50% 72.50% 5.00% Song County 10 41 4.10 23 18 0.78 8 31 2 19.51% 75.61% 4.88% Shan County 10 39 3.90 20 19 0.95 9 28 2 23.08% 71.79% 5.13% sui County 10 42 4.20 22 20 0.91 6 33 3 14.29% 78.57% 7.14% Xiayi County 10 40 4.00 19 21 1.11 10 27 3 25.00% 67.50% 7.50% Zhecheng 10 43 4.30 22 21 0.95 9 County 30 4 20.93% 69.77% 9.30% Shenqiu 10 45 4.50 23 22 0.96 11 33 County 1 24.44% 73.33% 2.22% Xiangcheng 10 40 4.00 21 19 0.90 9 26 City 10_40_4.00_21__ 5 22.50% 65.00% 12.50%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 250 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-1 The population structure of sample moving and rural families (comtinued)

Elder/total Simpled Population 1-16 17-60 More Children/total Labor/total County(City) Population . Male Female Female/male family per family years old years old than 60 population population population 9.76% Xiping County 10 41 4.10 21 20 0.95 9 28 4 21.95% 68.29% 73.17% 2.44% Suiping County 10 41 4.10 20 21 1.05 10 30 1 24.39% Runan County 10 38 3.80 20 18 0.90 9 28 1 23.68% 73.68% 2.63%

Zhengyang 10 40 4.00 21 19 0.90 4 33 3 10.00% 82.50% 7.50% County Xincai County 10 42 4.20 20 22 1.10 9 31 2 21.43% 73.81% 4.76%

Huangchuan 10 41 4.10 22 19 0.86 6 32 3 14.63% 78.05% 7.32% County

Xi County 10 42 4.20 21 21 1.00 7 29 6 16.67% 69.05% 14.29%

Luoshan County 10 37 3.70 19 . 18 0.95 6 29 2 16.22% 78.38% 5.41% 2.50% Pingqiao Zone 10 40 4.00 21 19 0.90 9 30 1 22.50% 75.00% Yangshan Zone 10 41 4.10 22 19 0.86 9 31 1 21.95% 75.61% 2.44%

Xinye County 10 42 4.20 21 21 1.00 8 30 4 19.05% 71.43% 9.52%

Dengzhou 10 41 4.10 20 21 1.05 7 32 2 17.07% 78.05% 4.88% County

Xichuan County 10 38 3.80 20 18 0.90 4 33 1 10.53% 86.84% 2.63%

Sheqi County 10 41 4.10 20 21 1.05 8 30 3 19.51% 73.17% 7.32% Baofeng County 10 36 3.60 19 17 0.89 7 28 1 19.44% 77.78% 2.78%

Jia County 10 35. 3.50 18 17 0.94 4 . 30 1 11.43% 85.71% 2.86%

Pingdingshan 10 42 4.20 21 21 1.00 7 32 3 16.67% 76.19% 7.14% County I_I_I_L

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 251 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-1 The population structure of sample moving and rural families (comtinued)

Simpled Population 1-16 17-60 More Children/total Labor/total Elder/total County(City) Population . Male Female Female/male family per family years old years old than 60 population population population Xinxiang County 10 38 3.80 20 18 0.90 10 26 2 26.32% 68.42% 5.26%

Mengzhou City 10 38 3.80 21 17 0.81 9 28 1 23.68% 73.68% 2.63%

Fengqiu County 10 40 4.00 20 20 1.00 4 34 2 10.00% 85.00% 5.00% Xiangcheng. cun 10 36 3.60 19 17 0.89 9 26 1 25.00% 72.22% 2.78% County

Neixiang County 10 43 4.30 21 22 1.05 6 34 3 13.95% 79.07% 6.98%

Yima City 10 42 4.20 20 22 1.10 7 33 2 16.67% 78.57% 4.76%

Total 380 1516 3.99 777 739 0.95 301 1130 85 19.85% 74.54% 5.61%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 252 Total 334 The Report on the Sodal Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-2 Educational degree of sample moving and rural families

High Under primary County(City) Population Under prirary High school University Primarytonal school/total University/population school/population population

10.26% 82.05% 5.13% 2.6% Yuanyang County 39 1 4 32 2 2.70% 5.4% Weishi County 37 2 5 29 1 13.51% 78.38% 15.00% 70.00% 5.00% 10.0% Tongxu County 40 4 6 28 2 5.26% 7.9% Lankao County 38 3 6 27 2 15.79% 71.05% 76.92% 2.56% 10.3% Taikang County 39 4 4 30 1 10.26% 15.00% 70.00% 2.50% 12.5% Menhjin County 40 5 6 28 1 5.26% 2.6% Xin'An County 38 1 7 28 2 18.42% 73.68% 75.00% 5.00% 2.5% Yiyang County 40 1 7 30 2 17.50% 14.63% 78.05% 0.00% 7.3% Song County 41 3 6 32 0 8.10% 5.1% Shan County 39 2 5 .29 3 12.41% 74.36% 4.76% 11.9% Sui County 42 5 8 27 2 19.05% 64.29% 77.50% 1.20% 7.5% Xiayi County 40 3 6 31 0 13.80% 5.02% 11.6% Zhecheng County 43 5 5 31 2 11.26% 72.09% 7.73% 86.67% 3.38% 2.2% Shenqiu County 45 1 3 39 2 17.20% 77.50% 0.30% 5.0% Xiangcheng County 40 2 7 31 0 9.76% 85.37% 0.00% 4.9% Xiping County 41 2 4 35 0 9.76% 80.49% 2.44% 7.3% Suiping County 41 3 4 33 1 7.9% Runan County 38 3 5 30 0 13.16% 78.95% 0.00%

15.00% . 77.50% 5.00% 2.5% Zhengyang County 40 1 6 31 2 3.62% 11.9% Xincai County 42 5 3 32 2 8.29% 76.19%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 253 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-2 Educational degree of sample moving and rural families (continued)

County(city) Population Under primary primary high primary/total high school/total under primary school school school population population school/population

Huangchuan County 41 3 5 32 1 12.20% 78.05% 2.44% 7.3% Xi County 42 3 4 34 1 9.52% 80.95% 2.38% 7.1%

Luoshan County 37 3 6 28 0 16.22% 75.68% 0.00% 8.1%

Pingqiao Zone 40 4 5 30 1 12.50% 75.00% 2.50% 10.0%

Yangshan Zone 41 3 5 31 2 12.20% 75.61% 4.88% 7.3%

Xinye County 42 3 6 32 1 14.29% 76.19% 2.38% 7.1%

Dengzhou County 41 3 7 29 2 17.07% 70.73% 4.88% 7.3%

Xichuan County 38 4 7 25 2 18.42% 65.79% 5.26% 10.5%

Sheqi County 41 2 7 31 1 17.07% 75.61% 2.44% 4.9%

Baofeng County 36 4 5 26 1 13.89% 71.94% 3.06% 11.1%

Jia County 35 5 4 25 1 11.43% 71.43% 2.86% 14.3%

Pingdingshan 42 5 6 30 1 14.29% 71.43% 2.38% 11.9% County

Xinxiang County 38 3 7 27 1 18.42% 71.05% 2.63% 7.9%

Mengzhou City 38 4 4 23 7 10.53% 59.47% 19.47% 10.5%

Fengqiu County 40 1 6 33 0 15.00% 82.50% 0.00% 2.5%

Xiangcheng County 36 3 9 24 0 25.00% 66.67% 0.00% 8.3%

Neixiang County 43 7 7 27 2 16.28% 62.79% 4.65% 16.3%

Yima City 42 4 5 32 1 11.90% 76.19% 2.38% 9.5%

Total 1516 120 212 1132 52 13.99% 74.64% 3.46% 7.92%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 254 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Hehan

Attached Table 4-2-1-3 Working type of sample moving residents Unit: ten thousand people

Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage Labor Other County(City) Number Be in business Transportation

Yuanyang 0.460 0.067 14.5 0.048 10.4 0.288 62.5 0.058 12.6 County 0.845 65.0 0.177 13.6 Weishi County 1.300 0.153 11.8 0.125 9.6 10.2 0.244 64.2 0.050 13.2 Tongxu County 0.380 0.047 12.4 0.039 0.598 59.8 0.162 16.2 Lankao County 1.000 0.136 13.6 0.104 10.4 0.668 68.2 0.049 5.0 Taikang County 0.980 0.153 15.6 0.110 11.2 10.8 0.436 67.1 0.049 7.5 Mengjin County 0.650 0.095 14.6 0.070 0.484 60.5 0.119 14.9 Xin'An County 0.800 0.114 14.3 0.082 10.3 9.9 0.830 70.3 0.071 6.0 Yiyang County 1.180 0.163 13.8 0.117 9.6 0.646 66.2 0.113 11.6 Song County 0.976 0.123 12.6 0.094 0.865 , 72.1 0.025 2.1 Shan County 1.200 0.164 13.7 0.145 12.1 0.501 62.6 0.134 16.7 Sui County 0.800 0.097 12.1 0.069 8.6 8.4 0.774 64.5 0.187 15.6 Xiayi County 1.200 0.138 11.5 0.101 Zhecheng 1.170 0.131 11.2 0.108 9.2 0.735 62.8 0.197 16.8 County _ 7.8 0.751 57.8 0.311 23.9 Shenqiu County 1.300 9.137 10.5 0.101 Xiangcheng 2.200 0.304 13.8 0.251 11.4 1.516 68.9 0.130 5.9 County 13.2 1.051 69.6 0.024 1.6 Xiping County 1.510 0.236 15.6 0.199 12.8 0.717 65.2 0.074 6.7 Suiping County 1.100 0.168 15.3 0.141

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 255 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Hehan

Attached Table 4-2-1-3 Working type of sample moving residents Unit: ten thousand people (continued)

Percentage Transportation Percentage Percentage Other Percentage County(City) Number Be in business TrnprainLaborOte (%) (%) (%) (%) Runan County 0.900 0.119 13.2 0.095 10.6 0.599 66.5 0.087 9.7

Zhengyang 1.000 0.143 14.3 0.114 11.4 0.643 64.3 0.100 10.0 County

Xincai County 0.870 0.110 12.6 0.092 10.6 0.529 60.8 0.139 16.0

Huangchuan 1.500 0.231 15.4 0.215 14.3 1.032 68.8 0.023 1.5 County Xi County 0.870 0.114 13.1 0.095 10.9 0.543 62.4 0.118 13.6 Luoshan County 2.200 0.304 13.8 0.231 10.5 1.476 67.1 0.189 8.6 Pingqiao Zone 0.870 0.148 17.0 0.118 13.6 0.602 69.2 0.002 0.2 Yangshan Zone 2.200 0.370 16.8 0.295 13.4 1.470 66.8 0.066 3.0 Xinye County 1.500 0.153 10.2 0.123 8.2 0.852 56.8 0.372 24.8

Dengzhou City 1.300 0.192 14.8 0.127 9.8 0.867 . 66.7 0.113 8.7 Xichuan County 1.200 0.205 17.1 0.193 16.1 0.770 64.2 0.031 2.6 Sheqi County 0.690 0.092 13.4 0.075 10.8 0.417 60.5 0.106 15.3 Baofeng County 0.790 0.104 13.2 0.112 14.2 0.502 63.5 0.072 9.1 Jia County 0.600 0.078 13.0 0.083 13.8 0.365 60.9 0.074 12.3 Pingdingshan 0.760 0.123 16.2 0.128 16.8 0.485 63.8 0.024 3.2 City I __I_I _I_I_I

Xinxiang 2.200. 0.389 17.7 0.328 14.9 1.472 66.9 * 0.011 0.5 County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 256 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-3 Working type of sample moving residents Unit: ten thousand people (continued)

Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage Other County(City) Number Be in business Transportation P Labor ____ (%) N% N______%N%

Mengzhou 2.200 0.343 15.6 0.332 15.1 1.505 68.4 0.020 0.9 County . 1.316 59.8 0.383 17.4 Fengqiu County 2.200 0.255 11.6 0.246 11.2 Xiangcheng 2.200 0.356 16.2 0.339 15.4 1.494 67.9 0.011 0.5 County

Neixiang 0.800 0.090 11.2 0.078 9.8 0.483 60.4 0.149 18.6 County . 64.8 0.026 6.1 Yima City 0.420 0.052 12.3 0.071 16.8 0.272 4.044 Total 45.476 6.397 5.393 29.642 64.7 0.106 9.8 Average 1.197 0.168 13.8 0.142 11.7 0.780

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 257 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-4 Per capita annul income of sample moving residetnts Unit: ten thousand yuan

Technlogit ofLabor County(city) Employee in trasportation Businessmen Technologist of Architectural mechanism technologist skilled workers 10873 Yuanyang County 28600 10720 7235 6222

Weishi County 31500 12329 - 7365 6478

Tongxu County 30450 11790 12570 7234 6256

Lankao County 32110 12900 7132 6386

Tiakang County 34500 14234 7431 6453

Mengjin County 32580 13275 15268 7115 6500

Xin'An County 33680 13490 11875 7318 6821

Yiyang County 32165 12700 6886 6549

Song County 31960 13377 6984 6322

Shan County 33660 13540 12028 7842 6745

Sui County 31225 11834 12050 7234 6246

Xiayi County 32580 12269.5 7115 6328

Zhecheng County 30440 11612.5 7088 6228

Shenqiu County 27600 10504.5 6520 5840

Xiangcheng County 34200 13954 12450 7725 6685

Xiping County 36280 14360 14060 7550 6540

Suiping County 35880 13948 13498 7600 6600

Runan County 33218 12945 7200 6300

Zhengyang County 32590 13322.5 7000 6450

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 258 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-2-1-4 Per capita annul income of sample moving residetnts Unit: ten thousand yuan (continued) labor County(city) employee in trasportation businessmen technologyist of architectural mechanism technologist skilled workers

Xincai County 33460 12892 6980 6100 6780 Huangchuan County 40060 15105.5 13298 7540 Ci County 33560 13420 7000 6200 6332 Luoshan County 32548 12940 7100 Pingqiao Zone 42800 15570 16457 7800 6500 6445 Yangshan Zone 42800 15005 16320 7500 Xinye County 27600 10000 6880 5860 Dengzhou City 32565 13400 14330 7000 6100 Xichuan County 38600 13492.5 7680 6420 Sheqi County 30120 11075 6986 6048 Baofeng County 35668 12432.5 10580 7650 6430 Jia County 33890 12160 7400 6300 Pingdingshan City 45680 16790 16700 8000 6800 Xinxiang County 43225 16000 15250 7580 6475 Mengzhou City 39080 14502.5 14760 7674 6550 Fengqiu County 29460 10525 7200 6320 Xiangcheng County 38500 14725 14296 7210 6400 Neixiang County 28900 10250 . 7115 6328 Yima City 40200 15140 18452 8650 6800

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 259 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-3-1-1 The population structure of sample resettlement families

Average County Sample Populatio Male/fe 1-16 17-60 More than Children/total Labor/total Elder/total population Male Female (City) family n p male years old years old 60 population population per family population Yuanyang

County Weishi 5 22 4.40 11 11 1.00 4 17 1 18.18% County 77.27% 4.55% Tongxu County 5 21 4.20 11 10 0.91 3 17 County 1 14.29% 80.95% 4.76% Lankao 5 20 4.00 9 11 1.22 3 County 15 2 15.00% 75.00% 10.00% Tiakang 5 22 4.40 12 10 0.83 3 County 19 0 13.64% 86.36% 0.00% Mengjin Coun 5 20 4.00 11 . 9 0.82 2 16 2 County 10.00% 80.00% 10.00% Xin'an 5 21 4.20 11 10 0.91 2 County 18 1 9.52% 85.71% 4.76% Yiyang Count 5 20 4.00 10 10 1.00 3 16 1 County 15.00% 80.00% 5.00% Song 5 18 3.60 10 8 0.80 4 14 0 County 22.22% 77.78% 0.00% Shan 5 19 3.81 9 10 1.11 3 16 0 15.79% County 84.21% 0.00%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 260 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-3-1-1 The population structure of sample resettlement families (continued)

Labor/total Elder/total County Sampld Populatio Average Male/fe 1-16 17-60 More than Children/total populatin per Male Female old 60 population population population (city) family n male years old years family

Sui 80.00% 5.00% 5 20 4.00 10 10 1.00 3 16 1 15.00% County

Xiayi 5 21 - 4.20 11 10 0.91 4 16 1 19.05% 76.19% 4.76% County

Zhecheng 5 22 4.40 12 10 0.83 3 17 2 13.64% 77.27% 9.09% County

Shenqiu 5 20 4.00 12 8 0.67 5 13 2 25.00% 65.00% 10.00% County Xiangchen non-resett g City lement

Xiping 5 20 4.00 10 10 1.00 5 15 0 25.00% 75.00% 0.00% County

Suiping 5 23 4.60 - 12 11 0.92 4 19 0 17.39% 82.61% 0.00% County Runan 5 21 4.20 11 10 0.91 5 14 2 23.81% 66.67% 9.52% County

Zhengyan 5 19 3.80 10 9 0.90 4 13 2 21.05% 68.42% 10.53% g County

Xincai 65.00% 5.00% Xinca 5 20 4.00 10 10 1.00 6 13 1 30.00% County Resttlmen Institute of NCWU page 261 Total,334 ,nd

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 261 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-3-1-1 The population structure of sample resettlement families (continued)

Average 1 1-16 17-60 County * More than Children/total Labor/total Elder/total Sampld family Population populatin Male Female Male/female years years (City) I60 population population population per family old old Huangchuan 5 22 4.40 12 10 0.83 3 18 1 13.64% 81.82% 4.55% County

Xi County 5 20 4.00 11 9 0.82 4 15 1 20.00% 75.00% 5.00%

Luoshan Changed Non-resettlement Channi County

Pingqiao 5 19 3.80 10 9 0.90 6 12 1 31.58% 63.16% 5.26% Zone Yangshan. 5 18 3.60 10 8 0.80 4 13 1 22.22% 72.22% 5.56% Zone

Xinye Non-resettlement Gound owned County Dengzhou 5 23 4.60 11 12 1.09 6 16 1 26.09% 69.57% 4.35% City Xichuan 5 22 4.40 11 11 1.00 4 17 1 18.18% 77.27% 4.55% County Sheqi 5 20 4.00 11 9 0.82 3 16 1 15.00% 80.00% 5.00% County

Baofeng 5 19 3.80 10 9 0.90 2 17 0 10.53% 89.47of 0.00% County

Jia County 5 21 4.20 10 11 1.10 4 16 1 19.05% 76.19% 4.76%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 262 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-3-1-1 The population structure of sample resettlement families (continued)

1-16 17-60 More than Children/total Labor/total Elder/total CountyAverage Sampld family Population populatin Male Female Male/female years years 60 population population population (City) per family old old

Pingdingshan Non-resettlement Used in 2002 City Xinxiang 5 21 4.20 12 9 0.75 4 15 2 19.05% 71.43% 9.52%

County

Mengzhou 5 19 3.80 10 9 0.9 3 16. 0 15.79% 84.21% 0.00% County

Fengqiu 5 20 4.00 11 9 0.82 6 14 0 30.00% 70.00% 0.00% County I I

Xiangcheng 5 18 3.60 10 8 0.80 4 13 1 22.22% 72.22% 5.56% County Neixiang 5 20 4.00 10 10 1.00 3 16 1 15.00% 80.00% 5.00% County 5.88% 0.89 3 13 1 17.65% 76.47% Yima City 5 17 3.40 9 8 0.91 129.00 527.00 33.00 18.72% 76.49% 4.79% Total 170 689 4.05 361.00 328.00

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 263 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-3-1-2 Educational degree of samled resettlement families

Under County(City) Population primary Primary High University Primary/total High school/total Couny(Cty)pimar Popuatin UnverityUniversity/population Under primary school school school population population school/population

Yuanyang County 21 3 3 15 0 14.29% 71.43% 0.00% 14.29% Weishi County 22 2 8 11 1 36.36% 50.00% 4.55% 9.09% Tongxu County 21 4 6 11 0 28.57% 52.38% 0.00% 19.05% Lankao County 20 0 8 12 0 40.00% 60.00% 0.00% 0.00% Tiakang County 22 2 5 14 1 22.73% 63.64% 4.55% 9.09% Mengjin County 20 1 8 11 0 40.00% 55.00% 0.00% 5.00% Xin'An County 21 0 8 13 0 38.10% 61.90% 0.00% 0.00% Yiyang County 20 1 5 14 0 25.00% 70.00% 0.00% 5.00% Song County 18 1 3 14 0 16.67% 77.78% 0.00% 5.56% Shan County 19 3 2 14 0 10.53% 73.68% 0.00% 15.79% Sui County 20 1 2 17 0 10.00% 85.00% 0.00% 5.00% Xiayi County 21 2 1 16 2 4.76% 76.19% 9.52% 9.52% Zhecheng County 22 4 1 16 1 4.55% 72.73% 4.55% 18.18% Shenqiu County 20 0 2 17 1 10.00% 85.00% 5.00% 0.00% Xiangcheng City Changed channl Xiping County 20 2 2 16 0 10.00% 80.00% 0.00% 10.00% Suiping County 23 3 3 16 1 13.04% 69.57% 4.35% 13.04% Runan County 21 1 4 16 0 19.05% 76.19% 0.00% 4.76% Zhengyang 19 2 4 13 0 21.05% 68.42% 0.00% County a e e I 10.53% u Np 6l

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 264 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaludtion of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-3-1-2 Educational degree of samled resettlement families (continued)

Under Primary High High Under primary County(city) Population primary Primary/total school/total University/population school/population school population population 55.00% 0.00% 15.00% Xincai County 20 3 6 11 0 30.00% 9.09% 72.73% 0.00% 18.18% Huangchuan County 22 4 2 16 0 60.00% 5.00% 10.00% Xi county 20 2 5 12 1 25.00%

Luoshan County Changed channi 26.32% 52.63% 5.26% 15.79% Pingqiao Zone 19 3 5 10 1 5.56% 0 5.56% 88.89% 0.00% Yangshan Zone 18 1 1 16 Xinye County Gound owned 26.09% 60.87% 0.00% 13.04% Dengzhou City 23 3 6 14 0 72.73% 4.55% 9.09% Xichuan County 22 2 3 16 1 13.64% 15.00% 65.00% 5.00% 15.00% Sheqi County 20 3 3 13 1 Baofeng County Used in 2002 61.90% 0.00% 14.29% Jia County 21 3 5 13 0 23.81% Pingdingshan City Used in 2002 66.67% 0.00% 14.29% Xinxiang County 21 3 4 14 0 19.05% 21.05% 68.42% 0.00% 10.53% Mengzhou County 19 2 4 13 0 30.00% 55.00% 0.00% 15.00% Fengqiu County 20 3 6 11 0 11.11% 72.22% 11.11% 5.56% Xiangcheng County 18 1 2 13 2 60.00% 5.00% 10.00% Neixiang County 20 2 5 12 1 25.00% * 0.00% 11.76% Yima City 17 2 3 12 0 * 17.65% 70.59% 2.18% 10.01% Total 689 69 136 469 15 19.74% 68.07%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 265 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of tha Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-4 Consumption structures of sample urban families (yuan/year)

Average Average payout per person Sampe Saple Average net Sample Sample i payout of main Water rate divide Water rate divide Engel's County(City) income per family population psfood per Water fee Other Total main food(%) total payout(%) coefficient person person Yuanyang 20 76 4160 900 9.0 2052.9 2061.9 County 1.00 0.44 0.44 Weishi 20 65 4967.3 1034 26.0 2453.0 2479.0 County 2.51 1.05 0.42 Tongxu 20 69 4850.6 1034 23.0 2456.0 2479.0 2.22 0.93 County 0.42 Lankao 20 76 4550 1200 20.0 2729.1 2749.1 County 1.67 0.73 0.44 Tiakang 20 72 5070 1156 23.0 2814.5 2837.5 1.99 0.81 County 0.41 Mengjin Coun 20 68 5171.4 1144 28.0 2848.5 2876.5 2.45 County 0.97 0.40 Xin'An 20 80 4878.9 1130 30.0 2743.7 2773.7 County 2.65 1.08 0.41 Yiyang 20 69 4839.9 1119 30.2 2927.8 2958.0 2.70 County 1.02 0.38

Song County 20 64 4577.3 1134 33.0 3043.5 3076.5 2.91 1.07 0.37 Shan County 20 48 4988.1 1109 28.7 3782.3 3811.0 2.59 0.75 0.29 Sui County 20 61 4465.5 1118 31.5 3358.4 3389.9 2.82 0.93 0.33

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 266 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-4 Consumption structures of sample urban families (yuan/year) (continued)

rate divides Engel's Sample Sample Average net Average Average payout per person water rate divide Water per payout of main County(city) income food(%) total payout (%) coefficient family population water rate other total main person food 2.63 0.95 0.36 Xiayi County 20 63 4869.8 1124 29.6 3102.2 3131.8

Zhecheng 1.10 0.43 20 75 3515 1060 27.4 2456.2 2483.6 2.58 County

Shenqiu 0.83 0.33 20 76 4134 1055 26.5 3172.4 3198.9 2.51 County

.Xiangcheng 20 69 5330 1106 29.0 3534.1 3563.1 2.62 0.81 0.31 City - 2.97 0.86 0.29 Xiping County 20 56 5755.1 1045 31.0 3560.1 3591.1 3.21 0.80 0.28 Suiping County 20 63 5743.7 1060 34.0 4206.0 4240.0 2.56 - 0.82 0.32 Runan County 20 57 4481.1 1055 27.0 3268.8 3295.8

Zhengyang 20 54 5188.3 1097 27.4 2948.7 2976.1 2.50 0.92 0.37 County 2.87 1.08 0.38 Xincai County 20 60 5081.7 1082 31.0 2829.2 2860.2

Huangchuan 20 63 5200 1130 23.8 3616.7 3640.5 2.11 0.65 0.31 County 1.03 0.37 Xi County 20 72 4867.2 1062 29.8 2851.4 2881.2 2.81

Luoshan 0.38 20 75 5227.3 1111 31.4 2905.4 2936.8 2.83 1.07 County I 0.86 0.34 Pingqiao Zone 20 71 5478.2 1012 25.7 2955.2 2980.9 2.54 0.78 0.30 Yangshan Zone 20 74 5487.3 1082 27.9 3570.4 3598.3 2.58

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 267 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-4 Consumption structures of sample urban families (yuan/year) (continued)

Average net Average Average payout per person Water rate Sample Sample water rate divideEnes County(city) income per payout of water divides total family Egl population other total main food(%) coefficient person main food rate payout (%)

Xinye County 20 73 4985.5 1052 29.4 2380.7 2410.1 2.79 1.22 0.44 Dengzhou 20 74 5245.5 1047 22.7 2487.5 2510.2 2.17 0.90 0.42 CountyI

Xichuan County 20 68 5157.1 1066 24.3 2793.6 2817.9 2.28 0.86 0.38

Sheqi County 20 69 4956.9 1073 23.5 3049.2 3072.7 2.19 0.76 0.35

13aofeng County 20 71 5254.6 1081 29.2 3685.6 3714.8 2.70 0.79 0.29

Jia County 20 73 5400.2 1068 28.8 2947.0 2975.8 2.70 0.97 0.36 Pingdingshan Coun 20 69 5509.4 1057 24.9 3732.7 3757.6 2.36 0.66 County 0.28

Xinxiang County 20 68 5330 1108 10.0 2918.9 2928.9 0.90 0.34 0.38

Mengzhou City 20 65 5070 980 15.0 2510.8 2525.8 1.53 0.59 0.39

Fengqiu County 20 75 4940 950 14.0 2162.4 2176.4 1.47 0.64 0.44 Xiangcheng . 20 68 5005 1200 18.0 3074.8 3092.8 1.50 0.58 County 0.39

Neixiang County 20 62 4781.4 976 20.0 2320 2339.97 2.05 0.85 0.42

Yima City 20 61 5395 1253 36.0 3654.7 3690.72 2.87 0.98 0.34

Total 760 2572 5019.2 1080.8 25.8 2927.1 2952.9 2.39 0.87 0.37

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 268 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-5 Detailed table of total payout of sample urban families (yuan/year)

remaider clothing incidental expense traffic mechical furniture expense of zone population main food of tuition total expense expense of fuel expense expense expense telephone per person electricity

yuanyang 2098.1 76 900.0 384.0 121.8 72.0 24.0 57.5 58.0 93.0 213.0 138.6 2061.9 county

weishi 2479.0 2488.3 65 1034.0 393.0 124.6 79.5. 21.6 92.5 62.0 277.0 300.0 94.9 county

tongxu 2371.5 69 1034.0 394.0 165.2 81.0 19.2 130.0 78.8 239.0 294.0 43.8 2479.0 county

lankao 2749.1 1800.9 76 1200.0 381.0 151.2 130.5 67.2 87.5 109.1 204.0 317.0 101.7 county taikong 72 1156.0 408.0 204.4 160.5 80.4 78.0 101.4 186.0 339.0 123.8 2837.5 2232.5 county

gji 68 1144.0 423.0 221.2 91.5 40.8 100.0 90.1 198.0 434.0 133.9 2876.5 2294.9 county

g 80 1130.0 422.0 138.6 111.0 39.0 127.5 82.9 197.0 291.0 234.6 2773.7 2105.2 county

yiyg 69 1119.0 426.0 148.4 85.5 31.2 112.5 89.6 178.0 332.0 435.8 2958.0 1881.9 county 3076.5 1500.8 song county 64 1134.0 430.0 158.2 82.5 35.4 105.0 91.6 185.0 298.0 556.8 3811.0 1177.1 shan county 48 1109.0 433.0 294.0 70.5 56.4 97.5 278.0 189.0 576.0 707.6

sui 61 1118.0 528.0 184.8 85.5 45.6 i02.5 93.2 181.0 321.0 730.3 3389.9 1075.6 county

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 269 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-5 Detailed table of total payout of sample urban families (yuan/year) (continued)

Main Clothing Incidental Expense Zone Population of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Remaider Tuition Expense of Total food Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture Per person telephone Xiayi Cony 63 1124.0 430.0 187.6 78.0 62.4 132.5 91.1 209.0 293.0 County III 524.2 3131.8 1738.0 Zhecheng cun 75 1060.0 416.0 176.4 67.5 81.6 127.5 County 73.2 187.0 221.0 73.4 2483.6 1853.2 Shenqu County 76 1055.0 434.0 180.6 94.5 69.6 107.5 CountyI 198.0 197.0 158.0 704.7 3198.9 935.1

Xiangchang cun 69 1106.0 438.0 158.2 87.0 102.0 63.0 County 201.0 487.0 268.0 652.9 3563.1 1766.9

Pingxi Conty 56 1045.0 428.0 284.8 114.0 105.6 176.0 198.0 229.0 County II 374.0 636.7 3591.1 2164.0 Suiping 63 1060.0 559.0 163.8 .100.5 114.0 101.0 139.0 County 398.0 357.0 793.4 3785.7 1958.0 Runan 57 1055.0 415.0 250.6 . 91.5 County 78.0 58.0 72.2 299.0 198.0 778.6 3295.8 1185.3 Zhangyiang Cony 54 1097.0 444.0 165.2 117.0 109.2 96.0 County 86.5 224.0 358.0 279.2 2976.1 2212.2 Xincai 60 1082.0 416.0 154.0 117.0 110.4 County 84.0 82.4 208.0 292.0 314.3 2860.2 2221.5 * Huangchuan 63 1130.0 435.0 177.A 141.0 104.4 78.0 413.0 County 123.0 338.0 600.3' 3640.5 1559.5

Xi County 72 1062.0 452.0 176.4 124.5 79.2 72.0 84.5 174.0 221.0 435.6 2881.2 1986.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 270 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-5 Detailed table of total payout of sample urban families (yuan/year) (continued)

Expense of Expense of Expense of d Main Clothing Incidental Traffic Mechical Remaider electricity furniture Tuition eleh Total Zone Population Expense of food Expense Expense ful Expense Expense telephone PerPeroerso person fuel

2936.8 2290.5 106.8 83.0 85.5 219.0 252.0 301.3 luoshan county 75 1111.0 459.0 193.2 126.0 2980.9 2497.3 81.6 75.0 85.5 223.0 281.0 468.5 pingqiao zone 71 1012.0 442.0 205.8 106.5 3598.3 1889.0 124.8 258.0 219.0 230.0 272.0 642.7 yangshan zone 74 1082.0 445.0 177.8 147.0 200.6 2410.1 2575.4 96.0 64.0 75.3 193.0 236.0 xinye county 73 1052.0 239.0 137.2 117.0 200.2 2510.2 2735.3 94.5 80.4 72.0 84.5 200.0 260.0 dengzhou county 74 1047.0 298.0 173.6 78.0 78.3 209.0 247.0 275.5 2817.9 2339.2 xichuan county 68 1066.0 449.0 187.6 117.0 110.4 3072.7 1884.2 87.6 77.0 72.2 192.0 249.0 571.2 sheqi county 69 1073.0 441.0 179.2 130.5 70.0 298.0 219.0 267.0 912.8 3714.8 1539.8 baofeng county 71 1081.0 454.0 186.2 132.0 94.8 2975.8 2424.4 78.0 58.0 76.8 199.0 248.0 514.6 jia county 73 1068.0 437.0 176.4 120.0 621.0 3757.6 1751.8 pingdingshan 69 1057.0 444.0 789.6 117.0 82.8 60.0 93.2 217.0 276.0 county 2928.9 2401.1 22.8 135.0 218.0 108.0 176.0 228.7 xingxiang county 68 1108.0 524.0 218.4 190.0 122.0 124.0 187.0 260.0 186.0 2525.8 2544.2 mouzhou county 65 980.0 237.0 203.0 180.0 46.8 2176.4 2763.6 43.2 113.0 85.5 197.0 247.0 36.1 fengqu county 75 950.0 187.0 173.6 144.0 xiangchang 68 1200.0 412.0 176.4 187.0 57.6 149.0 219.0 201.0 249.0 241.8 3092.8 1912.2 county neixiang 62 976.0 367.0 61.6 220.0 80.4 118.0 45.0 126.0 267.0 79.0 2340.0 2441.4

countycounty *_*_* 3690.7 1704.3 142.8 109.0 386.0 200.0 248.0 606.5 yima county 61 1253.0 453.0 169.4 123.0 132.1 212.7 284.9 399.5 3011.3 2007.9 total 2572 1080.8 415.2 194.7 116.7 74.1 100.7

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 271 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-6 Percentages of payout of each item over the total payput of the urban families

Main Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Mechical Zone Expense of electricity Expense of furniture Tuition Expense of telephone Total food Expense Expense fuel Expense Expense Yuanyang County 43.65% 18.62% 5.91% 3.49% 1.16% 2.79% 2.81% 4.51% 10.33% 6.72% 100% Weishi County 41.71% 15.85% 5.03% 3.21% 0.87% 3.73% 2.50% 11.17% 12.10% 3.83% 100% Tongxu County 41.71% 15.89% 6.66% 3.27% 0.77% 5.24% 3.18% 9.64% 11.86% 1.77% 100% Lankao County 43.65% 13.86% 5.50% 4.75% 2.44% 3.18% 3.97% 7.42% 11.53% 3.70% 100% Taikang County 40.74% 14.38% 7.20% 5.66% 2.83% 2.75% 3.57% 6.56% 11.95% 4.36% 100% Mengjin County 39.77% 14.71% 7.69% 3.18% 1.42% 3.48% 3.13% 6.88% 15.09% 4.66% 100% Xinan County 40.74% 15.21% 5.00% 4.00% 1.41% 4.60% 2.99% 7.10% 10.49% 8.46% 100% Yiyang County 37.83% 14.40% 5.02% 2.89% 1.05% 3.80% 3.03% 6.02% 11.22% 14.73% 100% Song County 36.86% 13.98% 5.14% 2.68% 1.15% 3.41% 2.98% 6.01% 9.69% 18.10% 100% San County 29.10% 11.36% 7.71% 1.85% 1.48% 2.56% 7.29% 4.96% 15.11% 18.57% 100% Sui County 32.98% 15.58% 5.45% 2.52% 1.35% 3.02% 2.75% 5.34% 9.47% 21.54% 100% Xiayi.County 35.89% 13.73% 5.99% 2.49% 1.99% 4.23% 2.91% 6.67% 9.36% 16.74% 100% Zhecheng County 42.68% 16.75% 7.10% 2.72% 3.29% 5.13% 2.95% 7.53% 8.90% 2.95% 100% Shenqu County 32.98% 13.57% 5.65% 2.95% 2.18% 3.36% 6.19% 6.16% 4.94% 22.03% 100%

Xiangchang 31.04% 12.29% 4.44% 2.44% 2.86% 1.77% 5.64% 13.67% 7.52% 18.32% 100% County

Xiping County 29.10% 11.92% 7.93% 3.17% 2.94% 4.90% 5.51% 6.38% 10.41% 17.73% 100% Suiping County 28.00% 14.77% 4.33% 2.65% 3.01% 2.67% 3.67% 10.51% 9.43% 20.96% 100% Runan County 32.01% 12.59% 7.60% 2.78% 2.37% 1.76% 2.19% 9.07% 6.01% 23.62% 100% Zhengyang County 36.86% 14.92% 5.55%* 3.93% 3.67% 3.23% 2.91% 7.53% 12.03% 9.38% 100%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 272 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-6 Percentages of payout of each item over the total payput of the urban families in each county (continued)

Main Clothing Incidental Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Total food Expense Expense Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone 2.88% 7.27% 10.21% 10.99% 100% Xingcai County 37.83% 4.54% 5.38% 4.09% 3.86% 2.94% 11.34% 6.13% 9.28% 16.49% 100% Huangchuan County 31.04% 11.95% 4.88% 3.87% 2.87% 2.14% 7.67% 15.12% 100% Xi County 36.86% 15.69% 6.12% 4.32% 2.75% 2.50% 2.93% 6.04% 8.58% 10.26% 100% Luoshan County 37.83% 15.63% 6.58% 4.29% 3.64% 2.83% 2.91% 7.46% 7.48% 9.43% 15.72% 100% Pingqiao Zone 33.95% 14.83% 6.90% 3.57% 2.74% 2.52% 2.87% 6.09% 6.39% 7.56% 17.86% 100% Yangshan Zone 30.07% 12.37% 4.94% 4.09% 3.47% 7.17% 8.01% 9.79% 8.32% 100% Xinye County 43.65% 9.92% 5.69% 4.85% 3.98% 2.66% 3.12% 3.37% 7.97% 10.36% 7.98% 100% Dengzhou County 41.71% 11.87% 6.92% 3.76% 3.20% 2.87% 7.42% 8.77% 9.78% 100% - Xichuan County 37.83% 15.93% 6.66% 4.15% 3.92% 2.77% 2.78% 6.25% 8.10% 18.59% 100% Sheqi County 34.92% 14.35% 5.83% 4.25% 2.85% 2.51% 2.35% 24.57% 100% Baofeng County 29.10% 12.22% 5.01% 3.55% 2.55% 1.88% 8.02% 5.90% 7.19% 8.33% 17.29% 100% Jia County 35.89% 14.69% 5.93% 4.03% 2.62% 1.95% 2.58% 6.69% 2.48% 5.78% 7.35% 16.53% 100% Pingdingshan County 28.13% 11.82% 21.01% 3.11% 2.20% 1.60% 7.44% 3.69% 6.01% 7.81% 100.00% Xingxiang County 37.83% 17.89% 7.46% 6.49% 0.78% 4.61% 10.29% 7.36% 100.00% Mouzhou County 38.80% 9.38% 8.04% 7.13% 1.85% 4.83% 4.91% 7.40% 3.93% 9.05% 11.35% 1.66% 100.00% Fengqu County 43.65% 8.59% 7.98% 6.62% 1.98% 5.19% 7.08% 6.50% 8.05% 7.82% 100.00% Xiangchang County 38.80% 13.32% 5.70% 6.05% 1.86% 4.82% 11.41% 3.37% 100.00% Neixiang Countycounty 41.71% 15.68% 2.63% 9.40% 3.44% 5.04% 1.92% 5.38% 16.43% 100.00% Yirna County 33.95% 12.27% 4.59% 3.33% 3.87% 2.95% 10.46% 5.42% 6.72% 13.27% 100.00% Total 35.89% 13.79% 6.46% 3.87% 2.46% 3.34% 4.39% 7.06% 9.46%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 273 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-7 Sample families moving to and fro between towns and the countryside in each county (yuan/year)

.... All expense per pelson Water rate Simpled Simpled Net income per Expense of main Water fee divide ttEngel's family population person food per person water fee other total expense of main food coefficient payout Yuanyang County 10 39 2882.0 627.0 14.0 1320.0 1334.0 2.23 1.05 0.47 Weishi County 10 37 3570.6 712.0 . 15.5 1602.7 1618.2 2.18 0.96 0.44 Tongxu County 10 40 3665.2 654.0 14.5 1542.6 1557.1 2.22 0.93 0.42 Lankao County 10 38 3520.0 639.0 16.0 1436.3 1452.3 2.50 1.10 0.44 Taikang County 10 39 3437.5 661.0 13.5 1488.8 1502.3 2.04 0.90 0.44 Mengjin County 10 40 3151.5 637.0 14.7 1433.0 1447.7 2.31 1.02 0.44 Xinan County 10 38 3004.1 634.0 13.3 1395.6 1408.9 2.09 0.94 0.45 Yiyang County 10 40 3433.1 647.0 12.7 1425.1 1437.8 1.96 0.88 0.45 Song County 10 41 3098.7 672.0 14.5 1446.4 1460.9 2.16 0.99 0.46 San County 10 39 3029.4 653.0 13.9 1437.2 1451.1 2.13 0.96 0.45 Sui County 10 42 2911.7 672.0 16.0 1511.3 1527.3 2.38 1.05 0.44 Xiayi County 10 40 2773.1 653.0 14.5 1469.6 1484.1 2.22 0.98 0.44 Hecheng County 10 43 2713.7 631.0 15.0 1356.7 1371.7 2.38 1.09 0.46 Shenqu County 10 45 2767.6 647.0 12.2 1425.6 1437.8 1.88 0.85 0.45 Xiangchang County 10 40 3395.7 639.0 12.9 1508.5 1521.4 2.02 0.85 0.42 Xiping County 10 41 3050.3 637.0 15.5 1538.2 1553.7 2.43 1.00 0.41 Suiping County 10 41 3162.5 614.0 13.5 1382.0 1395.5 2.20 0.97 0.44 Runan County 10 38 2959.0 595.0 12.4 1309.8 1322.2 2.08 0.94 0.45 Zhengyang County 10 40 3730.1 607.0 12.4 1468.1 1480.5 2.03 0.83 0.41 Xingcai County 10 42 3087.7 628.0 14.5 1517.2 1531.7 2.31 0.95 0.41

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 274 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-7 Sample families moving to and fro between towns and the countryside in each county (yuanlyear) (continued)

Water fee divide Water rate divide Engel's Simpled Simpled Net income Expense of main All expense per person food total payout coefficient family population per person food per person Water fee Other Total expense of main 2.01 0.84 0.42 Huangchuan County 10 41 3207.6 679.0 13.7 1603.0 1616.7 2.19 0.94 0.43 Xi County 10 42 3228.5 623.0 13.7 1435.2 1448.8 2.25 0.97 0.43 Luoshan County 10 37 3280.2 615.0 13.9 1416.4 1430.2 1.95 0.78 0.4 Pingqiao Zone 10 40 3554.1 602.0 11.8 1493.3 1505.0 2.19 0.92 0.42 Yangshan Zone 10 41 3667.4 627.0 13.8 1479.1 1492.9 2.07 0.89 0.43 Xinye County 10 42 3275.8 638.0 13.2 1470.5 1483.7 1.97 0.81 0.41 Dengzhou County 10 41 3664.1 608.0 12.0 1471.0 1482.9 2.45 1.05 0.43 Xichuan County 10 38 3444.1 638.0 15.6 1468.1 1483.7 0.97 0.43 Sheqi County 10 41 3163.6 614.0 13.9 1414.0 1427.9 2.26 2.35 0.99 0.42 Baofeng County 10 36 3581.6 624.0 14.7 1471.1 1485.7 0.88 0.43 Jia County 10 35 3370.4 629.0 12.9 1449.9 1462.8 2.04 0.84 0.41 Pingdingshan County 10 42 3633.3 612.0 12.6 1480.1 1492.7 2.05 0.77 0.39 Xingxiang County 10 38 3935.8 698.0 13.8 1776.0 1789.7 1.97 2.19 0.88 0.4 Mouzhou County 10 38 3278.0 602.0 13.2 1491.8 1505.0 0.91 0.45 Fengqu County 10 40 3163.6 589.0 12.0 1296.9 1308.9 2.03 1.05 0.41 Xiangchang County 10 36 3044.8 609.0 1.5.6 1469.8 1485.4 2.56 Neixiang 10 43 2675.2 574.0 13.9 1233.9 1247.8 2.42 1.11 0.46 Countycounty 0.39 Yima County 10 42 3355.0 686.0 13.7 1745.3 1759.0 2.00 0.78 0.430 Total 380 1516 3259.6 634.9 13.8 1461.8 1475.6 2.18 0.94

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 275 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-8 Detailed table of payout of sample moving families in each county (yuan/year)

Main Clothing Incidental Expense Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Remainder Zone Population Tuition Total food Expense Expense of fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone per person Yuanyang County 39 627.0 174.0 47.0 42.0 51.0 30.0 37.0 77.0 192.0 57.0 1334.0 1548.0

Weishi County 37 712.0 193.0 76.0 56.0 78.0 . 67.0 73.0 89.0 213.0 61.2 1618.2 1952.4 Tongxu County 40 654.0 226.0 87.0 76.0 69.0 78.0 56.0 70.0 175.0 66.1 1557.1 2108.1 Lankao County 38 639.0 182.0 63.0 56.0 65.0 58.0 53.0 81.0 191.0 64.3 1452.3 2067.7 Taikang County 39 661.0 192.0 77.0 73.0 57.0 52.0 63.0 92.0 182.0 53.3 1502.3 1935.2 Mengjin County 40 637.0 201.0 69.0 60.0 64.0 55.0 52.0 81.0 170.0 58.7 1447.7 1703.8 Xinan County 38 634.0 179.0 61.0 52.0 55.0 51.0 55.0 82.0 183.0 56.9 1408.9 1595.2 Yiyang County 40 647.0 197.0 70.0 56.0 53.0 60.0 52.0 73.0 173.0 56.8 1437.8 1995.3 Song County 41 672.0 202.0 58.0 47.0 62.0 57.0 48.0 72.0 182.0 60.9 1460.9 1637.8 San County 39 653.0 204.0 59.0 50.0 65.0 48.0 45.0 77.0 193.0 57.1 1451.1 1578.3 Sui County 42 672.0 205.0 63.0 52.0 56.0 61.0 53.0 77.0 207.0 81.3 1527.3 1384.4 Xiayi County 40 653.0 223.0 73.0 62.0 67.0 57.0 52.0 86.0 148.0 63.1 1484.1 1289.0 Zhecheng County 43 631.0 195.0 42.0 64.0 46.0 56.0 40.0 77.0 155.0 65.7 1371.7 1342.0 Shenqu County 45 647.0 212.0 46.0 58.0 45.0 54.0 46.0 90.0 182.0 57.8 1437.8 1329.8 Xiangehang 40 639.0 197.0 55.0 77.0 58.0 61.0 75.0 108.0 179.0 72.4 1521.4 1874.3 County

Xiping County 41 637.0 206.0 87.0 68.0 72.0 56.0 47.0 97.0 212.0 71.7 1553.7 1496.6 Suiping County 41 614.0 205.0 46.0 53.0 43.0 54.0 54.0 85.0 173.0 68.5 1395.5 1767.0 Runan County 38 595.0 188.0 57.0 49.0 42.0 48.0 51.0 90.0 145.0 57.2 1322.2 1636.8 Zhengyang 40 607.0 196.0 59.0 73.0 67.0 65.0 70.0 104.0 181.0 58.5 1480.5 2249.6 County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 276 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-8 Detailed table of payout of sample moving families in each county (yuan/year) (continued)

Expense of Expense of Expense of Remainder Main Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Mechical Zone Population electricity furniture Tuition telephone Total food Expense Expense fuel Expense Expense per person

Xingcai 42 628.0 208.0 54.0 71.0 53.0 57.0 72.0 100.0 211.0 77.7 1531.7 1556.0 County Huanchuan 41 679.0 202.0 78.0 89.0 61.0 56.0 79.0 117.0 188.0 67.7 1616.7 1590.9 County 1448.8 1779.7 Xi County 42 623.0 200.0 56.0 57.0 54.0 60.0 64.0 107.0 162.0 65.8 Luoshan 155.0 70.2 1430.2 1850.0 37 615.0 . 189.0 63.0 71.0 60.0 57.0 53.0 97.0 County

Pingqiao 40 602.0 207.0 52.0 81.0 63.0 65.0 80.0 104.0 187.0 64.0 1505.0 2049.1 Zone

Yangshan 41 627.0 193.0 57.0 70.0 52.0 60.0 62.0 100.0 201.0 70.9 1492.9 2174.5 Zone

Xinye 42 638.0 198.0 61.0 69.0 50.0 49.0 78.0 96.0 187.0 57.7 1483.7 1792.1 County

Dengzhou 41 608.0 206.0 60.0 71.0 59.0 63.0 70.0 102.0 171.0 72.9 1482.9 2181.2 County Xichuan 38 638.0 205.0 57.0 76.0 68.0 47.0 55.0 102.0 163.0 72.7 1483.7 1960.4 County, I _ _I .

Sheqi 41 614.0 196.0 44.0 47.0 42.0 55.0 75.0 107.0 182.0 65.9 1427.9 1735.7 County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 277 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-8 Detailed table of payout of sample moving families in each county (yuan/year) (continued)

Expense of Expense of Expense of Main Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Mechical Remainder Zone Population electricity furniture Tuition telephone Total food Expense Expense fuel Expense Expense per person

Baofeng 36 624.0 196.0 63.0 69.0 57.0 66.0 58.0 95.0 191.0 66.7 1485.7 2095.9 County

Jia County 35 629.0 189.0 57.0 71.0 53.0 52.0 67.0 91.0 192.0 61.8 1462.8 1907.6 Pingdingshan 42 612.0 204.0 62.0 70.0 61.0 57.0 62.0 108.0 189.0 67.7 1492.7 2140.6 County Xingxiang 38 698.0 289.0 63.0 63.0 50.0 65.0 189.0 68.0 256.0 48.7 1789.7 2146.1 County

Mouzhou 38 602.0 201.0 52.0 69.0 59.0 60.0 89.0 88.0 203.0 82.0 1505.0 1773.0 County

-Fengqu 40 589.0 137.0 57.0 54.0 58.0 44.0 51.0 68.0 189.0 61.9 1308.9 1854.7 County Xiangchang 36 609.0 201.0 57.0 77.0 55.0 54.0 69.0 90.0 200.0 73.4 1485.4 1559.4 County Neixiang

Countycount 43 574.0 101.0 59.0 60.0 39.0 61.0 48.0 58.0 203.0 44.8 1247.8 1427.4 y

Yima County 42 686.0 380.0 54.0 57.0 55.0 56.0 50.0 156.0 198.0 67.0 1759.0 1596.0

Total 1516 634.9 202.1 60.6 63.6 56.9 56.6 63.0 91.1 185.9 64.4 1479.1 1780.6

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 278 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-9 Percentages of payout of each item over the total payput of themoving families in each county

Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Zone Population Main food Tuittion Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone Yuanyang 47.00% 13.04% 3.52% 3.15% 3.82% 2.25% 2.77% 5.77% 14.39% 4.28% 100% County

Weishi County 44.00% 11.93% 4.70% 3.46% 4.82% 4.14% 4.51% 5.50% 13.16% 3.78% 100%

Tongxu 42.00% 14.51% 5.59% 4.88% 4.43% 5.01% 3.60% 4.50% 11.24% 4.25% 100% County Lankao 44.00% 12.53% 4.34% 3.86% 4.48% -3.99% 3.65% 5.58% 13.15% 4.43% 100% County

Tiakang 44.00% 12.78% 5.13% 4.86% 3.79% 3.46% 4.19% 6.12% 12.11% 3.55% 100% County Mengjin 44.00% 13.88% 4.77% 4.14% 4.42% 3.80% 3.59% 5.59% 11.74% 4.06% 100% County __ Xin'An 45.00% 12.71% 4.33% 3.69% 3.90% . 3.62% 3.90% 5.82% 12.99% 4.04% 100% County

Yiyang 45.00% 13.70% 4.87% 3.89% 3.69% 4.17% 3.62% 5.08% 12.03% 3.95% 100% County

Song County 46.00% 13.83% 3.97% 3.22% 4.24% 3.90% 3.29% 4.93% 12.46% 4.17% 100%

Shan County 45.00% 14.06% 4.07% 3.45% 4.48% 3.31% 3.10% 5.31% 13.30% 3.94% 100%

Sui County 44.00% 13.42% 4.13% 3.40% 3.67% 3.99% 3.47% 5.04% 13.55% 5.32% 100%

Xiayi County 44.00% 15.03% 4.92% 4.18% 4.51% 3.84% 3.50% 5.79% 9.97% 4.25% 100%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 279 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-9 Percentages of payout of each item over the total payput of themoving families in each county (continued)

Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Zone Main food Tuition Total Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone Zhecheng 46.00% 14.22% 3.06% 4.67% 3.35% 4.08% 2.92% 5.61% 11.30% 4.79% 100% County

Shenqiu 45.00% 14.74% 3.20% 4.03% 3.13% 3.76% 3.20% 6.26% 12.66% 4.02% 100% County

Xiangcheng 42.00% 12.95% 3.62% 5.06% 3.81% 4.01% 4.93% 7.10% 11.77% 4.76% 100% City I Xiping County 41.00% 13.26% 5.60% 4.38% 4.63% 3.60% 3.03% 6.24% 13.65% 4.61% 100%

Suiping 44.00% 14.69% 3.30% 3.80% 3.08% 3.87% 3.87% 6.09% 12.40% 4.91% 100% County

Runan County 45.00% 14.22% 4.31% 3.71% 3.18% 3.63% 3.86% 6.81% 10.97% 4.33% 100%

Zhengyang 41.00% 13.24% 3.99% 4.93% 4.53% 4.39% 4.73% 7.02% 12.23% 3.95% 100% County

Xincai County 41.00% 13.58% 3.53% 4.64% 3.46% 3.72% 4.70% 6.53% 13.78% 5.07% 100% Huangchuan 42.00% 12.49% 4.82% 5.51% 3.77% 3.46% 4.89% 7.24% 11.63% 4.19% 100% County I Xi County 43.00% 13.80% 3.87% 3.93% 3.73% 4.14% 4.42% 7.39% 11.18% 4.54% 100% Luoshan 43.00% 13.21% 4.40% 4.96% 4.20% 3.99% 3.71% 6.78% 10.84% 4.91% 100% County I Pingqiao Zone 40.00% 13.75% 3.46% 5.38% 4.19% 4.32% 5.32% 6.91% 12.43% 4.25% 100%

Yangshan 42.00% 12.93% 3.82% 4.69% 3.48% 4.02% 4.15% 6.70% 13.46% 4.75% 100% Zone

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 280 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-9 Percentages of payout of each item over the total payput of themoving families in each county (continued)

Main Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Tuition Expense of Total food Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone 12.60% 3.89% 100% Xinye County 43.00% 13.34% 4.11% 4.65% 3.37% 3.30% 5.26% 6.47% 11.53% 4.92% 100% Dengzhou County 41.00% 13.89% 4.05% 4.79% 3.98% 4.25% 4.72% 6.88% Xichuan County 43.00% 13.82% 3.84% 5.12% 4.58% 3.17% 3.71% 6.87% 10.99% 4.90% 100% 4.62% 100% Sheqi County 43.00% 13.73% 3.08% 3.29% 2.94% 3.85% 5.25% 7.49% 12.75% Baofeng County 42.00% 13.19% 4.24% 4.64% 3.84% 4.44% 3.90% 6.39% 12.86% 4.49% 100% 100% Jia County 43.00% 12.92% 3.90% 4.85% 3.62% 3.55% 4.58% 6.22% 13.13% 4.22% 12.66% 4.53% 100% Pingdingshan County 41.00% 13.67% 4.15% 4.69% 4.09% 3.82% 4.15% 7.24% 2.72% 100% Xingxiang County 39.00% 16.15% 3.52% 3.52% 2.79% 3.63% 10.56% 3.80% 14.30% Mouzhou County 40.00% 13.36% 3.46% 4.58% 3.92% 3.99% 5.91% 5.85% 13.49% 5.45% 100% 4.73% 100% Fengqu County 45.00% 10.47% 4.35% 4.13% 4.43% 3.36% 3.90% 5.20% 14.44% 13.46% 4.94% 100% Xiangchang County 41.00% 13.53% 3.84% 5.18% 3.70% 3.64% 4.65% 6.06% Neixiang Countycounty 46.00% 8.09% 4.73% 4.81% 3.13% 4.89% 3.85% 4.65% 16.27% 3.59% 100%

Yima County 39.00% 21.60% 3.07% 3.24% 3.13% 3.18% 2.84% 8.87% 11.26% 3.81% 100%

Total 42.93% 13.66% 4.09% 4.30% 3.85% 3.83% 4.26% 6.16% 12.57% 4.36% 100%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 281 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-10 Sample families of resettlement (yuan/year)

Net Expense of All expense per person Water fee divide Water rate Simpled SimpledEne' County(City) income main food per Water fee expense of main divide total Engecis family population Other Total coefficient per person person (owned) food payout

Yuanyang County 5 21 2100.0 599.5 1.8 1221.7 1223.5 0.29 0.14 0.49

Weishi County 5 22 2532.6 644.6 1.9 1399.4 1401.3 0.30 0.14 0.46

Tongxu County 5 21 2355.2 572.0 1.8 1241.7 1243.5 0.32 0.15 0.46

Lankao County 5 20 2100.0 617.1 2.0 1283.6 1285.6 0.32 0.16 0.48

Taikang County 5 22 2281.7 763.4 1.7 1694.8 1696.4 0.22 0.10 0.45

Mengjin County 5 20 2250.2 723.8 1.8 1571.6 1573.5 0.25 0.12 0.46

Xinan County 5 21 3129.0 698.5 1.7 1789.4 1791.0 0.24 0.09 0.39

Yiyang County 5 20 2520.0 649.0 1.6 1409.3 1410.9 0.24 0.11 0.46

Song County 5 18 2112.6 662.2 1.8 1407.1 1408.9 0.27 0.13 0.47

San County 5 19 2273.3 646.8 . 1.7 1404.3 1406.1 0.27 0.12 0.46

Sui County 5 20 2083.2 633.6 2.0 1375.4 1377.4 0.32 0.15 0.46

Xiayi County 5 21 2095.8 651.2 1.8 1445.3 1447.1 0.28 0.13 0.45

Zhecheng County 5 22 1856.4 651.2 1.9 1383.7 1385.5 0.29 0.14 0.47

Shenqu County 5 20 2058.0 591.8 1.5 1285.0 1286.5 0.26 0.12 0.46 Xiangchang County Channl changed, non-resettlement

Xiping County 5 20 2822.4 592.9 1.9 1409.7 1411.7 0.33 0.14 0.42

Suiping County 5 23 2276.4 581.9 1.7 1263.3 1265.0 0.29 0.13 0.46

Runan County 5 - 21 2114.7 552.2 1.6 1173.3 1174.9 0.28 0.13 0.47

Zhengyang County 5 19 2205.0 591.8 1.5 1407.5 1409.0 0.26 0.11 0.42

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 282 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-10 Sample families of resettlement (yuan/year) (continued)

Expense of All expense per person Water fee divide Water rate main food per water fee expense of main divide total Engecis County(City) Simpled family pipled Nen coefficient population person other total person (owned) food payout 0.30 0.13 0.43 Xingcai County 5 20 2190.3 606.1 1.8 1407.7 1409.5 1345.0 0.29 0.13 0.44 Huangchuan County 5 22 2100.0 591.8 1.7 1343.3 0.30 0.13 0.44 Xi County 5 20 2117.9 563.2 1.7 1278.3 1280.0 Luoshan County channl changed, non-resettlement 0.25 0.11 0.43 Pingqiao Zone 5 19 2400.3 585.2 1.5 1359.5 1360.9 0.29 0.12 0.43 Yangshan Zone 5 18 2430.8 596.2 1.7 1384.8 1386.5 Xinye County non-resettlement, gound owned 0.25 0.11 0.42 Dengzhou County 5 23 2542.1 588.5 1.5 1399.7 1401.2 0.33 0.15 0.44 Xichuan County 5 22 2255.4 590.7 2.0 1340.6 1342.5 0.13 0.44 Sheqi County 5 20 2213.4 597.3 1.7 1355.8 1357.5 0.29 0.13 0.43 Baofeng County 5 19 2324.7 627.0 1.7 1348.6 1350.3 0.27 0.13 0.44 Jia County 5 21 2360.4 562.1 1.6 1275.9 1277.5 0.29 Pingdingshan County non-resettlement,uesed in 2002 0.10 0.41 Xingxiang County 5 21 2572.5 691.0 1.7 1683.7 1685.4 0.25 0.12 0.43 Mouzhou County 5 19 2462.3 596.0 1.7 1384.4 1386.0 0.28 0.11 0.43 Fengqu County 5 20 2055.9 583.1 1.5 1354.6 1356.1 0.26 0.14 0.42 Xiangchang County 5 18 2131.5 602.9 2.0 1433.6 1435.5 0.32 0.13 0.43 Neixiang Countycounty 5 20 2065.4 568.3 1.7 1319.8 1321.5 0.31 0.39 Yima County 5 17 2782.5 679.1 1.9 1739.5 1741.4 0.28 * 0.11 0.44 Total 170 689 2299.2 619.2 1.7 1398.0 1399.7 0.28 0.12

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 283 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Heinan

Attached Table 4-4-1-11 Detailed table of payout of sample resettlement families (yuan/year)

Main Clothing Incidental Expense Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Remainder Zone Population Tuition Total food Expense Expense of fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture - telephone per person Yuanyang 21 599.5 96 57 63 23 20.12 65 86 165 48.85 County 1223.47 876.5 Weishi 22 644.6 162 66 81 22 50 79 81 County 142 73.70 1401.30 1131.3

Tongxu County 21 572.0 129 58 69 32 40 61 95 125 62.48 County 1243.48 1111.7 Lankao 20 617.1 189. 77 67 23 54 63 69 County 103 23.53 1285.63 814.4 Taikang 22 763.4 194. 80 81 27 41 62 250 154 44.04 County 1696.44 585.2 Mengjin Coun 20 723.8 198 89 86 31 68 53 121 County 167 36.68 1573.48 676.7 Xinan 21 698.5 289 80 97 76 52 47 190 County 197 64.53 1791.03 1338.0 Yiyang 20 649.0 178 57 86 60 35 68 46 186 County 45.87 1410.87 1109.1

Song 18 662.2 235 56 93 67 21 24 56 145 49.74 1408.94 County 703.7

San County 19 646.8 213 68 75 45 26 47 79 164 42.29 1406.09 867.2 Sui County 20 633.6 145 45 86 58 24 31 53 214 87.79 1377.39 705.8

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 284 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-11 Detailed table of payout of sample resettlement families (yuan/year) (continued)

Expens Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Remainder per Main Clothing Incidental Tuition Total Zone Population telephone person food Expense Expense e of fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture

Xiayi 21 651.2 188 65 71 53 35 54 72 221 36.91 1447.11 648.7

County I Zhecheng 22 651.2 181 63 59 32 48 55 53 221 22.33 1385.53 470.9 County Shenqu 20 591.8 139 57 68 49 40 49 43 207 42.72 1286.52 771.5 County . Xiangchang channi changed County

Xiping 20 592.9 121 47 62 55 53 39 48 321 72.77 1411.67 1410.7 County

Suiping 23 581.9 91 70 42 48 50 38 37 221 86.10 1265.00 1011.4 County

Runan 100.69 1174.89 939.8 21 552.2 55 42 40 37 48 40 51 209 County

Zhengyang 19 591.8 208 78 54 45 76 48 52 187 69.25 1409.05 796.0

County I Xingcai 20 606.1 256 65 75 48 47 51 38 210 13.43 1409.53 780.8 County

Huangchuan 22 591.8 211 60 68 39 43 34 36 207 55.20 1345.00 755.0 County _ . 231 58.80 1280.00 837.9 xi county 20 563.2 175 46 42 48 36 37 43

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 285 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-11 Detailed table of payout of sample resettlement families (yuan/year) (continued)

Main Clothing Incidental Expens Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Remainder per Zone Population Tuition Exeneotalandr food e Expense Expense e of fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone person luoshan channI changed county pingqiao 19 585.2 208 43 53 46 46 53 45 214 zone 67.73 1360.93 1039.4 yangshan 18 596.2 187 76 49 46 53 44 57 211 zone 67.31 1386.51 1044.2

xinye county gound owned dengzhou 23 588.5 172 71 58 53 51 58 63 201 county 85.69 1401.19 1140.9 xichuan 22 590.7 151 56 62 54 57 62 county 49 184 76.80 1342.50 912.9

sheqi county 20 597.3 165 52 64 57 60 61 48 207 46.20 1357.50 855.9 baofeng 19 627.0 174 47 79 32 26 56 34 226 county 49.30 1350.30 974.4

jia county 21 562.1 153 55 56 51 50 58 52 200 40.40 1277.50 1082.9 pingdingsha used in 2002 n county xmngxiang 21 691.0 208 138 69 60 89 54 78 189 county 109.39 1685.41 887.1

mouzhou * . 19 596.0 156 68 83 48 43 county a 75 65 167 85.02 1386.00 1076.3

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 286 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-11 Detailed table of payout of sample resettlement families (yuan/year) (continued)

Expense of Remainder per Main Clothing Incidental Expens Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of telephone person food Expense Expense e of fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture

fengqu 20 583.1 211 49 52 42 .36 68 60 197 57.96 1356.07 699.8 county xiangchang 18 602.9 175 71 98 53 43 42 46 186 118.59 1435.50 696.0 county Neixiang 20 568.3 132 49 58 54 46 52 64 201 97.27 1321.53 743.8

county 1041.1 53 6i 78 278 89.24 1741.38 yima county 17 679.1 287 60 99 57 68.8 195.8 79.01 1399.74 899.4 total 689 601.5 177.4 63.6 69.0 46.2 45.9 52.6

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 287 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-12 Percentage of each item over total payout of resettlement families

Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of T Expense of Zone Main food Tuition Total Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone

Yuanyang 49.00% 7.85% 4.66% 5.15% 1.88% 1.64% 5.31% 7.03% 13.49% 3.99% 100% County Weishi 46.00% 11.56% 4.71% 5.78% 1.57% 3.57% 5.64% 5.78% 10.13% 5.26% 100% County

Tongxu 46.00% 10.37% 4.66% 5.55% 2.57% 3.22% 4.91% 7.64% 10.05% 5.02% 100% County Lankao 48.00% 14.70% 5.99% 5.21% 1.79% 4.20% 4.90% 5.37% 8.01% 1.83% 100% County

Tiakang 45.00% 11.44% 4.72% 4.77% 1.59% 2.42% 3.65% 14.74% 9.08% 2.60% 100% County

Mengjin 46.00% 12.58% 5.66% 5.47% 1.97% 4.32% 3.37% 7.69% 10.61% 2.33% 100% County Xin'An 39.00% 16.14% 4.47% 5.42% 4.24% 2.90% 2.62% 10.61% 11.00% 3.60% 100% County

Yiyang 46.00% 12.62% 4.04% 6.10% 4.25% 2.48% 4.82% 3.26% 13.18% 3.25% 100% County

Song 47.00% 16.68% 3.97% 6.60% 4.76% 1.49% 1.70% 3.97% 10.29% 3.53% 100% County

Shan 46.00% 15.15% 4.84% 5.33% 3.20% 1.85% 3.34% 5.62% 11.66% 3.01% 100% County ..

Sui County 46.00% 10.53% 3.27% 6.24% 4.21% 1.74% 2.25% 3.85% 15.54% 6.37% 100%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 288 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-12 Percentage of each item over total payout of resettlement families (continued)

Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Tui Expense of Total Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone

Xiayi 45.00% 12.99% 4.49% 4.91% .3.66% 2.42% 3.73% 4.98% 15.27% 2.55% 100% County

Zhecheng 47.00% 13.06% 4.55% 4.26% 2.31% 3.46% 3.97% 3.83% 15.95% 1.61% 100% County

Shenqiu 46.00% 10.80% 4.43% 5.29% 3.81% 3.11% 3.81% 3.34% 16.09% 3.32% 100% County Xiangchcng

City Xiping 42.00% 8.57% 3.33% 4.39% 3.90% 3.75% 2.76% 3.40% 22.74% 5.15% 100%

County _

Suiping 46.00% 7.19% 5.53% 3.32% 3.79% 3.95% 3.00% 2.92% 17.47% 6.81% 100% County

Runan 100% 47.00% 4.68% 3.57% 3.40% 3.15% 4.09% 3.40% 4.34% 17.79% 8.57% County

Zhengyang 42.00% 14.76% 5.54% 3.83% 3.19% 5.39% 3.41% 3.69% 13.27% 4.91% 100% County

Xincai 100% 43.00% 18.16% 4.61% 5.32% 3.41% 3.33% 3.62% 2.70% 14.90% 0.95% County

Huangchuan 44.00% 15.69% 4.46% 5.06% 2.90% 3.20% 2.53% 2.68% 15.39% 4.10% 100% County ,_*_* 4.59% 100% Xi County 44.00% 13.67% 3.59% 3.28% 3.75% 2.81% 2.89% 3.36% 18.05%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 289 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 4-4-1-12 Percentage of each item over total payout of resettlement families (continued)

Main Clothing Incidental Expense of Traffic Expense of Mechical Expense of Expense of Zone Tuition Total food Expense Expense fuel Expense electricity Expense furniture telephone Luoshan County

Pingqiao Zone 43.00% 15.28% 3.16% 3.89% 3.38% 3.38% 3.89% 3.31% 15.72% 4.98% 100%

Yangshan Zone 43.00% 13.49% 5.48% 3.53% 3.32% 3.82% 3.17% 4.11% 15.22% 4.85% 100% Xinye County

Dengzhou County 42.00% 12.28% 5.07% 4.14% 3.78% 3.64% 4.14% 4.50% 14.34% 6.12% 100%

Xichuan County 44.00% 11.25% 4.17% 4.62% 4.02% 4.25% 4.62% 3.65% 13.71% 5.72% 100%

Sheqi County 44.00% 12.15% 3.83% 4.71% 4.20% 4.42% 4.49% 3.54% 15.25% 3.40% 100%

Baofeng County 46.43% 12.89% 3.48% 5.85% 2.37% 1.93% 4.15% 2.52% 16.74% 3.65% 100%

Jia County 44.00% 11.98% 4.31% 4.38% 3.99% 3.91% 4.54% 4.07% 15.66% 3.16% 100% Pingdingshan County

Xingxiang County 41.00% 12.34% 8.19% 4.09% 3.56% 5.28% 3.20% 4.63% 11.21% 6.49% 100% Mouzhou County 43.00% 11.26% 4.91% 5.99% 3.46% 3.10% 5.41% 4.69% 12.05% 6.13% 100%

Fengqu County 43.00% 15.56% 3:61% 3.83% 3.10% 2.65% 5.01% 4.42% 14.53% 4.27% 100%

Xiangchang County 42.00% 12.19% 4.95% 6.83% 3.69% 3.00% 2.93% 3.20% 12.96% 8.26% 100%

Neixiang 43.00% 9.99% 3.71% 4.39% 4.09% 3.48% 3.93% 4.84% 15.21% 7.36% 100% Countycounty

Yima County 39.00% 16.48% 3.45% 5.69% 3.27% 3.04% 3.50% 4.48% 15.96% 5.12% 100%

Total 44.34% 12.54% 4.51% 4.90% 3.30% 3.27% 3.78% 4.79% 14.07% 4.50% 100%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 290 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1 List of water price in sample counties (cities)

Quantity of water Quantity of water Sewage factory supply from tap water t inte built in the future Water used Water used by Water used by Water used by Water used by supply in the f o County(City) factory built in the special trade present ture((ten thousand by denizen administration enterprises business future(ten thousand thousand ton/day) ton/day) ton/day)

no tap water factory 3.0 3.0 Yuanyang County 1.25 undetermined undetermined undetermined undetermined 3.5 Weishi County 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 0.5 0.8 3.5 Tongxu County 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 3.0 Lankao County 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 0.5

Taikang County 1.25 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.5 2.0 1.2 2.0 2.5 Mengjin County 1.85 2.1 2.5 3.0 4.5 3.5 3.0 Xinan County 1.2 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.6 1.2 1.25 2.5 Yiyang County 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.4 2.0 1.2 3.0 3.0 Song County 1.05 1.3 1.55 1.55 2.2 San County 1.7 2.7 2.6 3.3 6.0 0.8 2.0 2.0 Sui County 1.21 1.57 1.57 1.78 1.78 0.5 0.4 3.0 Xiayi County 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 Zhecheng County 1.1 1.35 1.8 1.8 1.8 0.6 2.0 0.8 2.0 Shenqu County 1.65 1.7 1.9 2.1 3.3 2.5 3.0 Xiangchang County 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.4 4.3 2.0 Xiping County 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 2.0 1 0.9 3.0 Suiping County 1.25 1.35 1.4 1.6 2.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 291 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1 list of each item water-supplying price of the sample county (city) unit: yuan/ton (continued)

quantity of water quantity of water supply water used by water used by water used by water used by water used by supply in the present from tap water factory swe fatory btn County(City) the future (ten denizen administration enterprises business special trade (ten thousand built in the future(ten thousand ton/day) ton/day) thousand ton/day) Runan County 1.25 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 0.5 3.0

Zhengyang County 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.8 2.0 0.84 1.5

Xingcai County 1.25 1.4 1.5 1.7 7.0 0.5 2.0

Huangchuan 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.6 3.0 - County Xi County 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 0.7 2.0

Luoshan County 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.5rebuild pipe net

Pingqiao Zone 1.2 Self-built well Self-built well Self-built well Self-built well 1.0 1.0

Yangshan County 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.8 5.0 5.0 press-increasing station Xinye County 1.45 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.2 2.0

Dengzhou County 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.8 1.5 3.0

Xichuang County 1.5 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.6 0.5 2.5

Sheqixian County 1.15 1.2 1.35 1.5 2.3 0.7 2.0

Bofeng County 1.7 2.1 .1 2.4 4.3 2.5 1.5 2.0

Jia County 0.93 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.9 0.65 2.0 2.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 292 Total 334 Henan The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project in towns of

(continued) Attached Table 5-1 list of each item water-supplying price of the sample county (city) unit: yuan/ton

quantity of water quantity of water supply . sewage factory built in water used by water used by water used by water used by water used by supply in the present from tap water factory the future (ten County(City) denizen administration enterprises business special trade (ten thousand built in the future(ten thousand ton/day) ton/day) thousand ton/day) 5.0 2.4 3.4 5.0 Pingdingshan 1.38 1.6 1.68 County self-built well no 2.0 Xinxiang County self-built well self-built well self-built well self-built well 1.8 1.8 - 3.5 3.0 Mengzhou County 1.2 1.5 1.8 self-built well self-built well 0.5 2.5 Fengqu County 1.2 self-built well self-built well well 0.8 3.0 Neixiang County 1.2 self-built well self-built well self-built well self-built 13.3 building channling net Yima County 2.4 3.2 3.3 4.5 9.6 self-built well self-built well 0.6 2.0 Xiangcheng County 1.2 self-built well self-built well

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 293 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-1-1 Satisfaction of the urban families with waterworks building and paying for water charges

Sample town denizen family Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water demand Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) tap-water factory Population tap-water factory (%) (%) Not Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No Yes matter Not matter No Yuanyang Cuny 76 43 30 3 42 28 6 County 56.58 39.47 3.95 55.26 36.84 7.89 Weishi 65 42 21 2 37 21 County 7 64.62 32.31 3.08 56.92 32.31 10.77

Tongxu County 69 47 15 7 43 18 8 County 68.12 21.74 10.14 62.32 26.09 11.59 Lankao 76 51 21 4 47 21 County 8 67.11 27.63 5.26 61.84 27.63 10.53 Taikang Coun 72 49 22 1 49 19 4 County 68.06 30.56 1.39 68.06 26.39 5.56%

Mengjin 68 41 25 2 44 16 8 60.29 County 36.76 2.94 64.71 23.53 11.76

Xinan County 80 47 27 6 52 21 7 58.75 33.75 7.50 65.00 26.25 8.75% Yiyang 69 48 18 3 45 23 1 69.57 County 26.09 4.35 65.22 33.33 1.45%

Song County 64 46 16 2 44 12 8 71.88 25.00 3.13 68.75 18.75 12.50 San County 48 36 10 2 38 6* 4 75.00 20.83 4.17 79.17 12.50 8.3 % Sui County 61 49 8 4 47 12 2 80.33 13.11 6.56 77.05 19.67 3.28%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 294 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-1-1 Satisfaction of the urban families with waterworks building and paying for water charges (continued)

Sample town denizen family to build the Situation of the Whether or not support to build Situation of the tap-water Whether or not support tap-water demand(%) County(City) the tap-water factory demand tap-water factory (%) Population Not Not Not Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes No Yes No matter matter matter 11.11 12 7 66.67 19.05 14.29 69.84 19.05 Xiayi County 63 42 12 9 44 12 74.67 21.33 4.00 64.00 20.00 16.00 Zhecheng County 75 56 16 3 48 15 18.42 10.53 54 14 8 65.79 27.63 6.58 71.05 Shenqu County 76 50 21 5 6 66.67 27.54 5.80 68.12 23.19 8.70 Xiangchang County 69 46 19 4 47 16 9 2 76.79 21.43 1.79 80.36 16.07 3.57 Xiping County 56 43 12 1 45 6 3 69.84 25.40 4.76 85.71 9.52% 4.76 Suiping County 63 44 16 3 54 7 66.67 17.54 15.79 66.67 21.05 12.28 Runan County 57 38 10 9 38 12 8 2 85.19 11.11 3.70 81.48 14.81 3.70 Zhengyang County 54 46 6 2 44 6 3 76.67 16.67 6.67 85.00 10.00 5.00 Xingcai County 60 46 10 4 51 12 1 73.02 19.05 7.94 79.37 19.05 1.59 Huangchuan County 63 46 12 5 50 77.78 16.67 5.56 79.17 15.28 5.56 Xi County 72 56 12 4 57 11 4 1 65.33 30.67 4.00 76.00 22.67 1.33 Luoshan County 75 49 23 3 57 17 19 2 81.69 15.49 2.82 70.42 26.76 2.82 Pingqiao Zone 71 58 11 . 2 50 17 2 68.92 25.68 5.41 74.32 22.97 2.70 Yangshan Zone 74 51 19 4 55 4 80.82 16.44 2.74 72.60 21.92 5.48 Xinye County 73 59 12 2 53 16 72.97 18.92 8.11 75.68 20.27 4.05 Dengzhou County 74 54 14 6 56 15 3 75.00 20.59 4.41 77.94 17.65 4.41 Xichuan County 68 51 14 3 53 12 3

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 295 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-1-1 Satisfaction of the urban families with waterworks building and paying for water charges (continued)

Sample town denizen family Whether or not support to build Situation of the tap-water Whether or not support to build the Situation of the County(City) the tap-water factory demand tap-water factory (%) tap-water demand (%) Population Not Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes No matter matter matter

Sheqi County 69 53 12 4 46 21 2 76.81 17.39 5.80 66.67 30.43 2.90

Baofeng County 71 52 14 5 53 J4 4 73.24 19.72 7.04 74.65 19.72 5.63

Jia County 73 53 14 6 52 17 4 72.60 19.18 8.22 71.23 23.29 5.48

Pingdingshan County 69 58 9 2 53 12 4 84.06 13.04 2.90 76.81 17.39 5.80

Xingxiang County 68 56 9 3 54 11 3 82.35 13.24 4.41 79.41 16.18 4.41

Mouzhou County 65 53 10 2 50 13 2 81.54 15.38 3.08 76.92 20.00 3.08

Fengqu County 75 62 12 1 60 12 3 82.67 16.00 1.33 80.00 16.00 4.00

Xiangchang County 68 57 9 2 54 11 3 83.82 13.24 2.94 79.41 16.18 4.41

Neixiang Countycounty 62 48 10 4 52 7 3 77.42 16.13 6.45 83.87 11.29 4.84

Yima County 61 47 12 2 50 8 3 77.05 19.67 3.28 81.97 13.11 4.92

Total 2572 1873 563 136 1868 540 164 72.82 21.89 5.29 72.63 21.00 6.38

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 296 Total 334 The Report on the Sodal Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-2-1 Satisfaction of the moving families with paying for water charges

Simple family which reture between town and city Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) tap-water factory tap-water factory(%) demand(%) Population Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No matter. matter 56.41% 35.90% 7.69% Yuanyang County 39 22 10 7 22 14 3 56.41% 25.64% 17.95% Weishi County 37 21 12 4 23 12 2 56.76% 32.43% 10.81% 62.16% 32.43% 5.41% 17.50% 15.00% Tongxu County 40 21 17 2 27 7 6 52.50% 42.50% 5.00% 67.50% Lankao County 38 24 12 2 22 11 5 63.16% 31.58% 5.26% 57.89% 28.95% 13.16%

Taikang County 39 24 14 1 21 13 5 61.54% 35.90% 2.56% 53.85% 33.33% 12.82% 40.00% 12.50% Mengjin County 40 25 12 3 19 16 5 62.50% 30.00% 7.50% 47.50% Xinan County 38 26 10 2 20 13 5 68.42% 26.32% 5.26% 52.63% 34.21% 13.16% 35.00% 2.50% Yiyang County 40 27 10 3 25 14 1 67.50% 25.00% 7.50% 62.50% 58.54% 36.59% 4.88% Song County 41 26 13 2 24 15 2 63.41% 31.71% 4.88% San County 39 22 15 2 21 14 4 56.41% 38.46% 5.13% 53.85% 35.90% 10.26%

Sui County 42 21 18 3 32 9 1 50.00% 42.86% 7.14% 76.19% 21.43% 2.38% 12.50% Xiayi County 40 24 12 4 19 16 5 60.00% 30.00% 10.00% 47.50% 40.00% Zhecheng County 43 25 17 1 25 18 0 58.14% 39.53% 2.33% 58.14% 41.86% 0.00%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 297 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-2-1 Satisfaction of the moving families with paying for water charges (continued)

Simple family which reture between town and city

Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) tap-water factory tap-water factory (%) demand(%) Population Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No matter. matter

Shenqu County 45 22 19 4 23 19 3 48.89% 42.22% 8.89% 51.11% 42.22% 6.67% Xiangchang 40 25 14 1 22 17 1 62.50% 35.00% 2.50% 55.00% 42.50% 2.50% County

Xiping County 41 21 17 3 21 18 2 51.22% 41.46% 7.32% 51.22% 43.90% 4.88% Suiping 41 25 15 1 26 14 1 60.98% 36.59% 2.44% 63.41% 34.15% 2.44% County

Runan County 38 28 7 3 24 12 2 73.68% 18.42% 7.89% 63.16% 31.58% 5.26% Zhengyang 40 26 13 1 30 9 1 65.00% 32.50% 2.50% 75.00% 22.50% 2.50% County I Xingcai 42 25 17 9 27 12 3 59.52% 40.48% 0.00% 64.29% 28.57% 7.14% County

Huangchuan 41 29 11 1 29 12 0 70.73% 26.83% 2.44% 70.73% 29.27% 0.00% County

Xi County 42 22 18 2 27 14 1 52.38% 42.86% 4.76% 64.29% 33.33% 2.38% Luoshan 37 27 6 4 26 8 3 72.97% 16.22% 10.81% 70.27% 21.62% 8.11% County Luoshan 37 27 6 4 26 8 3 72.97% 16.22% 10.81% 70.27% 21.62% 8.11% County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 298 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-2-1 Satisfaction of the moving families with paying for water charges (continued)

Simple family which reture between town and city

Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) tap-water factory tap-water factory(%) demand(%) Population Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No matter matter

Luoshan 37 27 6 4 26 8 3 72.97% 16.22% 10.81% 70.27% 21.62% 8.11% County 67.50% 30.00% 2.50% Pingqiao Zone 40 28 12 0 27 12 1 70.00% 30.00% 0.00%

Yangshan 41 30 11 0 27 13 1 73.17% 26.83% 0.00% 65.85% 31.71% 2.44% Zone 61.90% 38.10% 0.00% Xinye County 42 27 14 1 26 16 0 64.29% 33.33% 2.38%

63.41% 34.15% 2.44% dengzhou 41 31 9 1 26 14 1 75.61% 21.95% 2.44% County Xichuan 38 31 6 1 25 10 3 81.58% 15.79% 2.63% 65.79% 26.32% 7.89% County 26.83% 4.88% Sheqi County 41 25 14 2 28 11 2 60.98% 34.15% 4.88% 68.29%

Baofeng 36 30 5 1 26 9 1 83.33% 13.89% 2.78% 72.22% 25.00% 2.78% County

Jia County 35 31 3 1 23 11 1 88.57% 8.57% 2.86% 65.71% 31.43% 2.86%

Pingdingshan 42 32 8 2 27 13 2 76.19% 19.05% 4.76% 64.29% 30.95% 4.76% County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 299 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-2-1 Satisfaction of the moving families with paying for water charges (continued)

Simple family which reture between town and city

Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) tap-water factory tap-water factory(%) demand(%) Population Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No matter matter

Xingxiang 38 33 4 1 30 6 2 86.84% 10.53% 2.63% 78.95% 15.79% 5.26% County Mouzhou 38 30 6 2 33 4 1 78.95% 15.79% 5.26% 86.84% 10.53% 2.63% County

Fengqu County 40 37 2 1 35 3 2 92.50% 5.00% 2.50% 87.50% 7.50% 5.00% Xiangchang 36 33 1 2 29 7 0 91.67% 2.78% 5.56% 80.56% 19.44% 0.00% County I Neixiang 43 35 6 2 37 5 1 81.40% 13.95% 4.65% 86.05% 11.63% 2.33% CountyCounty

Yima County 42 37 4 1 35 5 2 88.10% 9.52% 2.38% 83.33% 11.90% 4.76%

Total 1516 1028 414 74 989 446 81 67.81% 27.31% 4.88% 65.24% 29.42% 5.34%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 300 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-3-1 Satisfaction of the resettlement families with waterworks building and paying for water charges

Simple family of resettlement

Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water demand Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) . tap-water factory Situatio tap-water factory %) (%) Population Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No matter matter

Yuanyang 21 3 17 1 7 11 3 14.29% 80.95% 4.76% 33.33% 52.38% 14.29% County

Weishi County 22 4 16 2 9 12 1 18.18% 72.73% 9.09% 40.91% 54.55% 4.55%

Tongxu 21 6 13 2 8 9 4 28.57% 61.90% 9.52% 38.10% 42.86% 19.05% County 35.00% 5.00% Lankao County 20 7 11 2 12 7 1 35.00% 55.00% 10.00% 60.00%

Taikang 22 3 18 1 11 8 3 13.64% 81.82% 4.55% 50.00% 36.36% 13.64% County

Mengjin 20 3 15 2 9 10 1 15.00% 75.00% 10.00% 45.00% 50.00% 5.00% County I Xinan County 21 5 16 0 5 15 1 23.81% 76.19% 0.00% 23.81% 71.43% 4.76% 25.00% Yiyang County 20 9 10 1 9 6 5 45.00% 50.00% 5.00% 45.00% 30.00% 44.44% 11.11% Song County 18 8 9 1 8 8 2 44.44% 50.00% 5.56% 44.44% San County 19 4 13 2 9 9 1 21.05% 68.42% 10.53% 47.37% 47.37% 5.26%

Sui County 20 7 13 0 12 8 0 35.00% 65.00% 0.00% 60.00% 40.00% 0.00%

XiayiCounty 21 6 12 3 '13 7 1 28.57% 57.14% 14.29% 61.90% 33.33% 4.76%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 301 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-3-1 Satisfaction of the resettlement families with waterworks building and paying for water charges (continued)

Simple family of resettlement Whether or not support to build the Whether or not support to build the Situation of the tap-water demand Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) tap-water factory tap-water factory (%) Population (%) Not Not Yes No Yes No Yes Not matter No Yes Not matter No matter matter Zhecheng 22 7 13 2 12 9 1 31.82% 59.09% 9.09% 54.55% 40.91% 4.55% County

Shenqu County 20 12 6 2 16 4 0 60.00% 30.00% 10.00% 80.00% 20.00% 0.00% Xiangchang rebuid net of channel County

Niping County 20 5 15 0 11 9 0 25.00% 75.00% 0.00% 55.00% 45.00% 0.00% Suipig 23 9 14 0 13 8 2 39.13% 60.87% 0.00% 56.52% 34.78% 8.70% County I Runan County 21 16 5 0 14 5 2 76.19% 23.81% 0.00% 66.67% 23.81% 9.52% Zhengyang 19 3 16 0 16 2 1 15.79% 84.21% 0.00% 84.21% 10.53% 5.26% County

Xincai County 20 13 6 1 15 4 1 65.00% 30.00% 5.00% 75.00% 20.00% 5.00% Huangchuan 22 4 15 3 19 3 0 18.18% 68.18% 13.64% 86.36% 13.64% 0.00% County I Xi County 20 14 6 0 15 2 3 70.00% 30.00% 0.00% 75.00% 10.00% 15.00% Luoshan, rebuild net of tip County I I I I I

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 302 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 5-1-3-1 Satisfaction of the resettlement families with waterworks building and paying for water charges (continued)

Simple family of resettlement the tap-water demand Whether or not support to build Whether or not support to build the Situation of Situation of the tap-water demand County(City) Population the tap-water factory tap-water factory (%) (%) matter No Yes Not matter No Yes- Not matter No Yes Not matter No Yes Not 52.63% 42.11% 5:26% 63.16% 31.58% 5.26% Pingqiao Zone 19 10 8 1 12 6 1 0 27.78% 61.11% 11.11% 77.78% 22.22% 0.00% Yangshan Zone 18 5 11 2 14 4 Xinye County gound owned 0 52.17% 39.13% 8.70% 65.22% 34.78% 0.00% Dengzhou County 23 12 9 2 15 8 59.09% 0.00% 59.09% 31.82% 9.09% Xichuan County 22 9 13 0 13 7 2 40.91% 45.00% 55.00% 0.00% 60.00% 40.00% 0.00% Sheqi County 20 9 11 0 12 8 0 10.53% 63.16% 31.58% 5.26% Baofeng County 19 3 14 2 12 6 1 15.79% 73.68%

Jia County 21 8 12 1 11 9 1 38.10% 57.14% 4.76% 52.38% 42.86% 4.76%

Pingdingshan gound owned,used in 2002 County 52.38% 33.33% 14.29% 52.38% 28.57% 19.05% Xingxiang County 21 11 7 3 11 6 4 63.16% 31.58% 5.26% Mouzhou County 19 8 9 2 12 6 1 42.11% 47.37% 10.53% 45.00% 40.00% 15.00% 70.00% 20.00% 10.00% Fengqu County 20 9 8 3 14 4 2 38.89% 38.89% 22.22% 66.67% 22.22% 11.11% Xiangchang County 18 7 7 4 12 4 2

Neixiang 20 11 6 3 13 5 2 55.00% 30.00% 15.00% 65.00% 25.00% 10.00% Countycounty I . 88.24% 5.88% 5.88% Yima County 17 9 7 1 15 1 1 52.94% 41.18% 5.88% 33.38% 7.26% Total 689 259 381 49 409 230 50 37.59% 55.30% 7.11% 59.36%

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 303 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-2 List of water price in sample counties (cities) unit: yuan/ton

Quantity of water Quantity of water Sewage factory supply from tap water Water used Water used by Water used by Water used by Water used by supply in the built in the future County(City) fcoybiti h by denizen administration enterprises business special trade present (ten factory built in thethousand .- future(ten thousand (tnhosd thousand ton/day) ton/day) _ _ton/day)

Yuanyang County 1.25 undetermined undetermined undetermined undetermined no tap water factory 3.0 3.0 Weishi County 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 0.5 3.5

Tongxu County 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 0.8 3.5

Lankao County 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.8 . 1.8 0.5 3.0

Taikang County 1.25 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.5 2.0

Mengjin County 1.85 2.1 2.5 3.0 4.5 1.2 2.0 2.5

Xinan County 1.2 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.6 1.2 3.5 3.0 Yiyang County 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.4 2.0 1.25 2.5

Song County 1.05 1.3 1.55 1.55 2.2 1.2 3.0 3.0 San County 1.7 2.7 2.6 3.3 6.0 0.8 2.0

Sui County 1.21 1.57 1.57 1.78 1.78 0.5 2.0

Xiayi County 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.4 3.0

Zhecheng County 1.1 1.35 1.8 1.8 1.8 0.6 2.0

Shenqu County 1.65 1.7 1.9 2.1 3.3 0.8. . 2.0

Xiangchang County 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.4 4.3 2.5 3.0

Xiping County 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 2.0 1 2.0

Suiping County 1.25 1.35 1.4 1.6 2.0 0.9 3.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 304 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-2 List of water price in sample counties (cities) unit: yuan/ton unit: yuan/ton (continued)

quantity of water quantity of water supply sewage factory built in water used by water used by water used by water used by water used by supply in the present from tap water factory the future (ten denizen administration enterprises business special trade (ten thousand built in the future(ten thousand ton/day) ton/day) thousand ton/day) 3.0 Runan County 1.25 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 0.5 2.0 0.84 1.5 Zhengyang County 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.8 2.0 0.5 2.0 Xingcai County 1.25 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.6 3.0 - Huangchuan 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 County 2.0 Xi County 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 0.7 1.6 1.5rebuild pipe net Luoshan County 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.0 1.0 Pingqiao Zone 1.2 Self-built well Self-built well Self-built well Self-built well 5.0 5.0 press-increasing Yangshan County 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.8 station

1.2 2.0 Xinye County 1.45 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.5 3.0 Dengzhou County 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.8 2.5 Xichuang County 1.5 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.6 0.5 0.7 2.0 Sheqixian County 1.15 1.2 1.35 1.5 2.3 2.5 1.5 2.0 Baofeng County 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.4 4.3 0.65 2.0 2.0 Tia County 0.93 1.3 1:35 1.4 1.9

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 305 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 5-2 List of water price in sample counties (cities) unit: yuan/ton (city) unit: yuan/ton (continued)

quantity of water quantity of water supply water used by water used by water used by water used by water used by supply in the present from tap water factory sw e fatore btn County(City) the future (ten denizen administration enterprises business special trade (ten thousand built in the future(ten tnathousand ton/day) ton/day) thousand ton/day) Pingdingshan 1.38 1.6 1.68 2.4 3.4 5.0 5.0 County

Xinxiang County self-built well self-built well self-built well self-built well self-built well no 2.0

Mengzhou County 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 3.5 3.0

- Fengqu County 1.2 self-built well self-built well self-built well self-built well 0.5 2.5

Neixiang County 1.2 self-built well self-built well self-built well self-huilt well 0.8 . 3.0 Yima County 2.4 3.2 3.3 4.5 9.6 13.3 building channling net

Xiangcheng County 1.2 self-built well self-built well self-built well self-built well 0.6 2.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 306 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 6-1-1 Survey and statistic list of residents's awareness of the quality of tap-water supplied by pipes

People who think that the tap-water is better than underground water of resettlement County(City) Simple family of the town Simple family of denist which reture between town and city Simple family Support Percent% Population Support Percent% Population Support Percent% Population 89.7 21 20 95.2 Yuanyang County 76 70 92.1 39 35 19 86.4 Weishi County 65 61 93.8 37 34 91.9 22 92.5 21 18 85.7 Tongxu County 69- 66 95.7 40 37 18 90.0 Lankao County 76 71 93.4 38 35 92.1 20 20 90.9 Taikang County 72 68 94.4 39 36 92.3 22 20 18 90.0 Mengjin County 68 67 98.5 40 38 95.0 90.5 Xinan County 80 79 98.8 38 36 94.7 21 19 20 17 85.0 Yiyang County 69 65 94.2. 40 37 92.5 18 16 88.9 Song County 64 63 98.4 41 37 90.2 18 94.7 San County 48 47 97.9 39 38 97.4 19 19 95.0 Sui County 61 60 98.4 42 37 88.1 20 21 17 81.0 Xiayi County 63 57 90.5 40 35 87.5 90.9 Zhecheng County 75 73 97.3 43 40 93.0 22 20 20 19 95.0 Shenqu County 76 76 100.0 . 45 43 95.6

Xiangchang County 69 68 98.6 40 37 92.5 Rebuid net of tipe 18 90.0 Xiping County 56 55 98.2 41 37 90.2 20 23. 20 87.0 Suiping County 63 60 95.2 4L . 38 92.7 Runan County 57 55 96.5 38 34 89.5 21 17 81.0 18 94.7 Zhengyang County 54 52 96.3 40 38 95.0 19

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 307 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-1-1 Survey and statistic list of residents's awareness of the quality of tap-water supplied by pipes (continued)

People who think that the tap-water is better than underground water County(City) Simple family of the town Simple family of denist which reture between town and city Simple family of resettlement Population Support Percent% Population Support Percent%/ Population Support Percent% Xingcai County 60 58 96.7 42 39 92.9 20 18 90.0 Huangchuan County 63 61 96.8 41 37 90.2 22 18 81.8 Xi County 72 69 95.8 42 38 90.5 20 16 80.0 Luoshan County 75 68 90.7 37 31 83.8 Rebuidnetoftipe Pingqiao Zone 71 70 98.6 40 38 95.0 19 16 84.2 Yangshan Zone 74 72 97.3 41 39 95.1 18 16 88.9

Xinye County 73 71 97.3 42 40 95.2 self-owned land Dengzhou County 74 71 95.9 41 38 92.7 23 20 87.0 Xichuan County 68 66 97.1 38 37 97.4 22 20 90.9 Sheqi County 69 66 95.7 41 38 92.7 20 17 85.0 Baofeng County 71 69 97.2 36 33 91.7 19 18 94.7 Jia County 73 70 95.9 35 33 94.3 21 19 90.5 Pingdingshan County 69 68 98.6 42 39 92.9 land occupied by the govemment Xingxiang County 68 67 98.5 38 35 92.1 21 20 95.2 Mouzhou County 65 63 96.9 38 36 94.7 19 17 89.5 Fengqu County 75 71 94.7 40 38 95.0 20 18 90.0 Xiangchang County 68 66 97.1 36 33 91.7 18 16 88.9 Neixiang Countycounty 62 60 96.8 43 41 95.3 20 16 80.0 Yima County 61 59 96.7 42 40 95.2 17 15 88.2 Average 2572 2478 96.3 1516 1405 92.7 611 78 88.

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 308 Total 334 0 0

The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

and sewage treatment plants Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks

Simple family of the town or not Whether will to give Whether or not TheWheter necessity o notWhether of polluted water Whether will to give advice Wthe t The necessity of polluted advice to the a-iae t ry% know the tap treatment to the tap-water factory wtebid water treatment% County(City) water build/ tap-water factory% Population water build No No No Not Not Not Yes No Yes No Ecessary matter necessary Yes clest No Yes No Necessary mte eesr ls necessary matter clear

Yuanyang 76 70 6 6 63 6 62 5 9 92.1 7.9 82.9 7.9 9.2 81.6 6.6 11.8 County

Weishi 2 92.3 7.7 72.3 20.0 7.7 86.2 10.8 3.1 65 60 5 7 47 13 56 7 County I I

Tongxu 69 66 3 8 42 18 52 6 11 95.7 4.4 60.9 26.1 13.0 75.4 8.7 15.9 County

Lankao 16 85.5 14.5 81.6 11.8 6.6 56.6 22.4 21.1 76 65 11 8 62 9 43 17 County _ I Taikang 72 67 5 4 56 13 55 15 2 93.1 6.9 77.8 18.1 4.2 76.4 20.8 2.8

County I

Mengjin 68 62 6 8 52 13 46 12 10 91.2 8.8 76.5 19.1 4.4 67.7 17.7 14.7 County

Xinan 90.0 10.0 66.3 13.8 20.0 61.3 16.3 22.5 80 72 8 7 53 11 49 13 18 County I _ I I

Yiyang 69 65 4 1 54 12 51 16 2 94.2 5.8 78.3 17.4 4.4 73.9 23.2 2.9 County . 1.6 82.8 15.6 1.6 10 53 10 1 90.6 9.4 82.8 15.6 Song County 64 58 6 8 53

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 309 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants (continued)

Simple family of the town Whether or not Whether or not Whether will to give The necessity of polluted water Whether will to give advice The necessity of polluted know the tap know the tap advice to the tap-water County(City) treatment to the tap-water factory water treatment% Population water build water build% factory% Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Ecessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr San County 48 40 8 4 39 7 42 5 1 83.3 16.7 81.3 14.6 4.2 87.5 10.4 2.1 Sui County 61 55 6 2 50 9 44 12 5 90.2 9.8 82.0 14.8 3.3 72.1 19.7 8.2 Xiayi County 63 48 15 7 43 17 50 11 2 76.2 23.8 68.3 27.0 4.8 79.4 17.5 3.2 Zhecheng 75 67 8 20 56 11 53 12 10 89.3 10.7 74.7 14.7 10.7 County 70.7 16.0 13.3

Shenqu County 76 65 11 8 50 17 52 17 7 85.5 14.5 65.8 County 22.4 11.8 68.4 22.4 9.2

Xiangchang 69 64 5 6 49 16 54 14 1 92.8 7.3 71.0 23.2 5.8 78.3 County 20.3 1.5

Xiping 56 50 6 2 44 11 47 7 2 89.3 10.7 78.6 19.6 1.8 83.9 12.5 3.6 County I I Suiping 63 57 6 3 56 5 55 6 2 90.5 9.5 88.9 7.9 3.2 County 87.3 9.5 3.2

Cunty 57 40 17 7 44 10 46 9 2 70.2 29.8 77.2 17.5 5.3 80.7 15.8 3.5 County SclnR el n Inttt of NCWU _ page 30 oa 3

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 310 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants (continued)

Simple family of the town

Whether or not Whether will to Whether or not Whether will to give The necessity of polluted water The necessity of polluted water know the tap water give advice to the know the tap advice to the County(City) treatment .treatment% Population build tap-water factory water build% - tap-water factory% Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr

Zhengyang 54 50 4 2 44 9 48 6 0 92.6 7.4 81.5 16.7 1.9 88.9 11.1 0.0 County

Xingcai 60 53 7 3 47 11 49 9 2 88.3 11.7 78.3 18.3 3.3 81.7 15.0 3.3 County I

Huangchuan 63 62 1 1 53 16 52 8 3 98.4 1.6 84.1 25.4 -9.5 82.5 12.7 4.8 County I Xi County 72 62 10 4 55 14 61 9 2 86.1 13.9 76.4 19.4 4.2 84.7 12.5 2.8 Luoshan 75 65 10 1 51 16 58 12 5 86.7 13.3 68.0 21.3 10.7 77.3 16.0 6.7 County I I I I Pingqiao Zone 71 68 3 2 49 18 52 11 8 95.8 4.2 69.0 25.4 5.6 73.2 15.5 11.3 Yangshan 74 63 11 2 49 19 51 17 6 85.1 14.9 66.2 25.7 8.1 68.9 23.0 8.1 Zone

Xinye County 73 66 7 4 52 19 55 12 6 90.4 9.6 71.2 26.0 2.7 75.3 16.4 8.2

Dengzhou 74 67 7 3 55 13 54 12 8 90.5 9.5 74.3 17.6 8.1 73.0 16.2 10.8 County Xichuan 68 63 5 3 51 14 49 15 4 92.7 7.4 75.0 20.6 4.4 72.1 22.1 5.9 County

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 311 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Hehan

Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants (continued)

Simple family of the town

Whether or not Whether will to Whether or not Whether will to The necessity of polluted water The necessity of polluted water know the tap give advice to the know the tap give advice to the County(City) treatment treatment% Population water build tap-water factory water build% tap-water factory% Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr

Sheqi County 69 64 5 2 48 20 47 16 6 92.8 7.3 69.6 29.0 1.5 68.1 23.2 8.7 Baofeng County 71 62 9 4 47 21 55 13 3 87.3 12.7 66.2 29.6 4.2 77.5 18.3 4.2 Jia County 73 64 9 4 56 12 57 11 5 87.7 12.3 76.7 16.4 6.9 78.1 15.1 6.9 Pingdingshan 69 61 8 4 57 9 50 11 8 88.4 11.6 82.6 13.0 4.4 72.5 15.9 11.6 County

Xingxiang County 68 60 8 3 52 13 57 8 3 88.2 11.8 76.5 19.1 4.4 83.8 11.8 4.4 Mouzhou County 65 55 10 2 55 9 51 10 4 84.6 15.4 84.6 13.9 1.5 78.5 15.4 6.2 Fengqu County 75 68 7 3 58 13 59 15 1 90.7 9.3 77.3 17.3 5.3 78.7 20.0 1.3 Xiangchang 68 59 9 3 55 10 55 13 0 86.8 13.2 80.9 14.7 4.4 80.9 19.1 0.0 County I I I_I Neixiang 62 54 8 3 51 . 9 49 9 4 87.1 12.9 82.3 14.5 3.2 79.0 14.5 6.5 Countycounty

Yima County 61 52 9 3 49 10 52 6 3 85.3 14.8 80.3 16.4 3.3 85.3 9.8 4.9 Total 2572 2289 283 172 1947 483 1971 417 184 89.0 11.0 76.0 18.7 5.3 76.6 16.2 7.2

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 312 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-2 Moving residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants

Whether or. Whether will to give Whether or not Whether will to give not know the The necessity of polluted water The necessity of polluted water advice to the tap-water know the tap advice to the tap-water tap water treatment treatment% County(City) Population factory water build% factory/o build Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr

Yuanyang 39 24 15 15 18 6 19 14 6 61.5 38.5 38.5 46.2 15.4 48.7 35.9 15.4 County I Weishi County 37 26 11 20 9 8 15 17 5 70.3 29.7 54.1 24.3 21.6 40.5 45.9 13.5

Tongxu 40 31 9 23 12 5 18 16 6 77.5 22.5 57.5 30.0 12.5 45.0 40.0 15.0 County

Lankao County 38 24 14 18 14 6 21 14 3 63.2 36.8 47.4 36.8 15.8 55.3 36.8 7.9

Taikang 39 27 12 14 19 6 20 14 5 69.2 30.8 35.9 48.7 15.4 51.3 35.9 12.8 County

Mengjin 40 23 17 14 21 5 23 12 5 57.5 42.5 35.0 52.5 12.5 57.5 30.0 12.5 County I Xinan County 38 27 11 24 13 1 21 17 0 71.1 28.9 63.2 34.2 2.6 55.3 44.7 0.0

Yiyang County 40 26 14 18 17 5 22 15 3 65.0 35.0 45.0 42.5 12.5 55.0 37.5 7.5

Song County 41 28 13 19 20 2 21 16 4 68.3 31.7 46.3 48.8 4.9 51.2 39.0 9.8

San County 39 23 16 26 7 6 25 12 2 59.0 41.0 66.7 17.9 15.4 64.1 30.8 5.1

Sui County 42 28 14 26 14 2 23 14 5 66.7 33.3 61.9 333 4.8 54.8 33.3 11.9

Xiayi County 40 24 16 22 15 3 21 11 8 60.0 40.0 55.0 37.5 7.5 52.5 27.5 20.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 313 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment factory (continued)

Whether or Whether will to give Whether or not Whether will to give not know the The necessity of polluted water The necessity of polluted water advice to the tap-water know the tap advice to the tap-water tap water treatment treatment% County(City) Population factory water build% factory% build

Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr Zhecheng 43 32 11 25 13 5 25 12 6 74.4 25.6 58.1 30.2 11.6 58.1 27.9 14.0 County

Shenqu County 45 42 3 25 16 4 26 17 . 2 93.3 6.7 55.6 35.6 8.9 57.8 37.8 4.4 Xiangchang 40 36 4 19 16 5 22 15 3 90.0 10.0 47.5 40.0 12.5 55.0 37.5 7.5 County

Xiping County 41 22 19 24 17 0 21 17 3 53.7 46.3 58.5 41.5 0.0 51.2 41.5 7.3 Suiping 41 34 7 27 12 2 29 9 3 82.9 17.1 65.9 29.3 4.9 70.7 22.0 7.3 County

Runan County 38 24 14 24 10 4 28 9 1 63.2 36.8 63.2 26.3 10.5 73.7 23.7 2.6 Zhengyang 40 35 5 21 15 4 25 14 1 87.5 12.5 52.5 37.5 10.0 62.5 35.0 2.5 County

Xincai County 42 40 2 29 13 0 31 9 2 95.2 4.8 69.0 31.0 0.0 73.8 21.4 4.8 Huangchuan. 41 37 4 25 14 2 31 10 0 90.2 9.8 61.0 3.4.1 4.9 75.6 24.4 0.0 County I Xi County 42 41 1 29 12 1 25 16 1 97.6 2.4 69.0 28.6 2.4 59.5 38.1 2.4

Pingqiao Zone 40 34 6 31 8 1 33 6 1 85.0 15.0 77.5 20.0 2.5 82.5 15.0 2.5

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 314 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment factory (continued)

Whether or not Whether will to give Whether or not Whether will to give The necessity of polluted water The necessity of polluted water know the tap advice to the tap-water know the tap advice to the treatment treatment% County(City) Population water build factory water build% tap-water factory% Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr

Yangshan 41 31 10 27 11 3 31 8 2 75.6 24.4 65.9 26.8 7.3 75.6 19.5 4.9 Zone

Xinye 42 35 7 34 7 1 37 3 2 83.3 16.7 81.0 16.7 2.4 88.1 7.1 4.8 County I I-

Dengzhou 41 36 5 24 16 1 32 6 3 87.8 12.2 58.5 39.0 2.4 78.0 14.6 7.3 County Xichuan 38 37 1 31 6 1 33 4 1 97.4 2.6 81.6 15.8 2.6 86.8 10.5 2.6 County I Sheqi County 41 33 8 32 7 2 36 2 3 80.5 19.5 78.0 17.1 4.9 87.8 4.9 7.3

Baofeng 36 34 2 27 8 1 30 5 1 94.4 5.6 75.0 22.2 2.8 83.3 13.9 2.8

County I I _ _I Jia County 35 33 2 29 5 1 27 7 1 94.3 5.7 82.9 14.3 2.9 77.1 20.0 2.9

Pingdingshan 42 37 5 28 12 2 31 8 3 88.1 11.9 66.7 28.6 4.8 73.8 19.0 7.1 County

Xingxiang 38 32 6 30 5 3 27 8 3 84.2 15.8 78.9 13.2 7.9 71.1 21.1 7.9 County I I I . Mouzhou 38 34 4 31 6 1 30 6 2 89.5 10.5 81.6 15.8 2.6 78.9 15.8 5.3 County 1 4 .431 6 2

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 315 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-1 Urban residens' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment factory (continued)

Whether or not Whether will to give Whether or not Whether will to give The necessity of polluted water The necessity of polluted water know the tap advice to the tap-water know the tap advice to the treatment treatment% County(City) Population water build factory water build% tap-water factory% Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr Fengqu 40 37 3 33 5 2 35 4 1 92.5 7.5 82.5 12.5 5.0 87.5 10.0 2.5 County

Xiangchang 36 33 3 28 7 1 26 8 2 91.7 8.3 77.8 19.4 2.8 72.2 22.2 5.6 County Neixiang 43 39 4 34 7 2 35 6 2 90.7 9.3 79.1 16.3 4.7 81.4 14.0 4.7 Countycounty

Yima County 42 40 2 30 9 3 33 7 2 95.2 4.8 71.4 21.4 7.1 78.6 16.7 4.8 Total 1516 120 312 964 443 109 1014 398 104 79.3 20.7 63.7 29.1 7.2 66.9 26.3 6.8

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 316 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-3 Resettlements' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants Whether or Whether will to give Whether or not The necessity of polluted water Whether will to give advice not know the The necessity of polluted water advice to the know the tapadcetth treatment to the tap-water factory tap water treatment% tap-water factory% County(City) Population water build . build% No Not Not Not No No Yes No Yes No Necessary Yes No Yes No Necessary necessary clesr necessary matter clear matter

Yuanyang 21 7 14 14 6 1 9 7 5 33.3 66.7 66.7 28.6 4.8 42.9 33.3 23.8 County Weishi 22 9 13 13 7 2 6 9 7 40.9 59.1 59.1 31.8 9.1 27.3 40.9 31.8

County _ I Tongxu 21 11 10 11 8 2 8 12 1 52.4 47.6 52.4 38.1 9.5 38.1 57.1 4.8 County Lankao 20 10 10 13 7 0 6 11 3 50.0 50.0 65.0 35.0 0.0 30.0 55.0 15.0 County Taikang 22 12 10 9 13 0 9 11 2 54.5 45.5 40.9 59.1 0.0 40.9 50.0 9.1

County

Mengjin 20 8 12 10 9 1 8 10 2 40.0 60.0 50.0 45.0 5.0 40.0 50.0 10.0 County I 1 33.3 66.7 38.1 57.1 4.8 33.3 61.9 4.8 Xinan County 21 7 14 8 . 12 1 7 13

Yiyang 20 9 11 11 8 1 12 8 0 45.0 55.0 55.0 40.0 5.0 60.0 40.0 0.0 County 44.4 5.6 9 8 - 1 72.2 27.8 38.9 44.4 16.7. 50.0 Song County 18 13. 5 7 8 3 1 42.1 57.9 47.4 36.8 15.8 52.6 42.1 5.3 San County 19 8 11 9 7 3 10 8

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 317 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-3 Resettlements' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants (continued)

Whether or Whether or not Whether will to give The necessity of polluted water Whether will to give advice not know the The necessity of polluted water know the tap advice to the treatment to the tap-water factory tap water treatment% County(City) Population water build tap-water factory%! build% Not Not Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yzs No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr

Sui County 20 7 13 11 9 0 12 8 0 35.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 0.0 60.0 40.0 0.0

Xiayi County 21 9 12 14 6 1 14 6 1 42.9 57.1 66.7 28.6 4.8 66.7 28.6 4.8 Zhccheng 22 12 10 16 6 0 11 9 2 54.5 45.5 72.7 27.3 0.0 50.0 40.9 9.1 County

Shenqu 20 11 9 11 8 1 13 4 3 55.0 45.0 55.0 40.0 5.0 65.0 20.0 15.0 County Xiangchang rebuild net of tipe County

Xiping 20 10 10 12 6 2 14 . 6 0 50.0 50.0 60.0 30.0 10.0 70.0 30.0 0.0 County

Suiping 23 14 9 17 5 1 20 3 0 60.9 39.1 73.9 21.7 4.3 87.0 13.0 0.0 County

Runan County 21 14 7 15 6 0 13 5 3 66.7 33.3 71.4 28.6 0.0 61.9 23.8 14.3 Zhengyang 19 12 7 12 7 0 15 2 2 63.2 36.8 63.2 36.8 0.0 78.9 10.5 10.5 CountyII I I Xincai County 20 11 9 18 2 0 16 3 1 55.0 45.0 '90.0 10.0 0.0 80.0 15.0 5.0

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 318 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project Intowns of Henan

treatment plants (continued) Attached Table 6-2-2-3 Resettlements' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage

Whether or Whether or Whte rWhether will to Whte rWhether will to give ie to not know the The necessity of polluted water avethe tap-te not know the The necessity of polluted water give to the tap-water advice to the ta ae ramn%advice ta trtetetgive tap water treatment% tap water treatment buid% actory/o County(City) Population btild ap-water factory No No No Not Not Not No . No Yes No Necessary Yes Yes No Necessary Yes necessary clesr necessary matter clear Nmatter

Huangchuan 22 5 17 15 5 2 19 2 1 22.7 77.3 68.2 22.7 9.1 86.4 9.1 4.5 County 30.0 0.0 14 6 0 60.0 40.0 65.0 20.0 15.0 70.0 Xi County 20 12 8 13 4 3 rebuild net of Luoshan County t tipes 21.1 15.8 12 4 3 63.2 36.8 68.4 26.3 5.3 63.2 Pingqiao Zone 19 12 7 13 5 1 5.6 61.1 33.3 5.6 1 11 6 1 50.0 50.0 83.3 11.1 Yangshan Zone 18 9 9 15 2 Xinye County gound owned 8.7 65.2 30.4 4.3 2 15 7 1 52.2 47.8 73.9 17.4 Dengzhou County 23 12 11 17 4 18.2 13.6 15 4 3 45.5 54.5 86.4 9.1 4.5 68.2 Xichuan County 22 10 12 19 2 1 80.0 10.0 10.0 1 16 2 2 55.0 45.0 75.0 20.0 5.0 Sheqi County 20 11 9 15 4 4 0 52.6 47.4 68.4 26.3 5.3 78.9 21.1 0.0 Baofeng County 19 10 9 13 5 1 15 7 1 61.9 38.1 71.4 28.6 0.0 61.9 33.3 4.8 Jia County 21 13 8 15 6 0 13

Pingdingshan used in 2002 _ County I I______

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 319 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supoly & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 6-2-2-3 Resettlements' attitudes to the building of waterworks and sewage treatment plants (continued)

Whether or Whether or Whether will to Whether will to give not know The necessity of polluted water not know the The necessity of polluted water give advice to the advice to the tap-water the tap treatment tap water treatment% County(City) Population tap-water factory factory% water build build% Not Not - Not No No No Yes No Necessary Yes . No Yes No Necessary Yes No necessary matter clear matter necessary clesr Xingxiang 21 13 8 14 5 2 16 4 1 61.9 38.1 66.7 23.8 9.5 76.2 19.0 4.8 County Mouzhou 19 11 8 15 3 1 12 4 3 57.9 42.1 78.9 15.8 5.3 County 63.2 21.1 15.8

Fengqu 20 13 7 14 4 2 14 3 3 65.0 35.0 70.0 20.0 10.0 70.0 County 15.0 15.0

Xiangchang 18 10 8 12 3 3 12 5 1 55.6 44.4 66.7 16.7 16.7 66.7 27.8 5.6 County Neixiang 20 12 8 14 5 1 15 3 2 60.0 40.0 70.0 25.0 5.0 75.0 Countycounty 15.0 10.0

Yima County 17 11 6 11 4 2 11 4 2 64.7 35.3 64.7 23.5 11.8 64.7 23.5 11.8

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 320 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

the newly-built waterworks Attached Table 8-1 Statistics of the quantity of tap-water and private-well water and the capacity of

The popularity Newly-built scale Attached Table Number Name The amount of the tap-water The amount of the underground supply supply of tap-water _ Supply of water

I Kaifeng city 3.5 1.1 Water supplying project in weishi 0.5 3.5 12.5% county 18.6% 3.5 1.2 Water supplying project in tongxu 0.8 3.5 county 3 1.3 Water supplying project in lankao 0.5 3 14.3% county

2 Luoyang city . 2 Build 2.1 Water supplying project in mengjin 1.2 2 press-increasing county 37.5% station

2.5 2.2 Water supplying project in yiyang 1.25 2.5 33.3% county 28.6% 3 2.3 Rebuild and enlarge water supply 1.2 3 project in song county

3 Pingdingshan county 1.5 3.1 Water supplying project in baofeng 2.5 1.5 62.5% county 2 3.2 Rebuild and enlarge water supply 0.65 2 24.5% project in jia county

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 321 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Heban

Attached Table 8-1 Statistics of the quantity of tap-water and private-well water and the capacity of the newly-built waterworks (continued)

Number Name The amount of the tap-water supply The amount of the underground The popularity of Newly-built scale Attached Isupply tap-water Table Water supple

4 Xingxiang city

4.1 Water supplying project in 0 2 2 0.0% xingxiang county 4.2 Water supplying project in 0 3 3 0.0% yuanyang county Water supplying project in fengqu 0.5 2.5 2.5 16.7% county 5 Xuchang city

5.1 The second tap-water supply 0.6 2 2 23.1% project in shangcheng county

6 Sanmenxia city

6.1 The third tap-water supply project 0.8 2 2 28.6% in shan county

6.2 Water supply and pipe net project 3.3 3.3 50.0% 3.3 Rebuild net of tipe 7 Shangqu city

7.1 The second tap-water supply 0.5 2 2 20.0% project in sui county

7.2 Water supplying project in new . 0.4 . 3 . 3. 11.8% town in xiayi county

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 322 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 8-1 Statistics of the quantity of tap-water and private-well water and the capacity of the newly-built waterworks (continued)

Number Name The amount of the tap-water supply The amount of the underground The popularity of Newly-built scale Attached supply tap-water Table

7.3 Water supplying project in tuocheng 0.6 2 23.1% 2

county

8 Nanyang city 8.1 The tap-water supply project in 1.5 3 3 . 33.3% dengzhou county 8.2 The second tap-water supply project 1.2 2 2 37.5% inxingye county 8.3 Tap-water supply project in sheqi 0.54 2 2 2 1.3% county

- 8.4 The water supply project in xichuan 0.5 2.5 2.5 16.7%- county

9 Zhimadian county 9.1 Rebuild and enlarge water supply 0.5 1.5 25.0% 1.5

project in town in queshan county 9.2 Water supplying project in xincai 1.2 2 37.5% 2 county 9.3 Water supplying project in xiping 1 2 2 33.3% county * 9.4 Water supplying project in 0.84 1.5 ' 1.5 35.9% zhengyang county

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 323 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 8-1 Statistics of the quantity of tap-water and private-well water and the capacity of the newly-built waterworks (continued)

Number Name The amount of the tap-water The amount of the underground The popularity of Newly-built Attached Table supply supply tap-water scale

9.5 Water supplying project in suiping 0.9 3 3 23.1% county

Water supplying project in town in 0.5 3 3 14.3% runan county

10 Zhoukou city

10.1 Water supplying project in luyi 0.5 3 3 14.3% county

10.2 Water supplying project in shenqu 0.8 2 . 2 28.6% county

10.3 Water supplying project in tai kang 0.5 3 14.3% 3 county

10.4 Water supplying project in 2.5 3 3 45.5% xiangcheng county

11 city

11.1 Water supplying project in pingqiao 1.3 1 1 56.5% zone

11.2 Water supplying project in xi county 0.7 2 25.9% 2

11.3 Net of tipe in luoshan 1.5 1.5 50.0% 1.5 Only build net of tipe 11.4 Press-increasing station in yanghsan 5 5 5 Build county 50.0% press-increasinj station

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 324 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 8-1 Statistics of the quantity of tap-water and private-well water and the capacity of the newly-built waterworks (continued)

of Newly-built Attached Table Number Name The amount of the tap-water The amount of the underground The popularity supply supply tap-water scale

12 Jiaozuo county 12.1 water supplying project in mengzhou 3.5 3 53.8% 3 county 88.8 Total Water supply scale 40.28 88.8 31.2% Polluted water

I Polluted water treatment programme 0 2.5 in mengjin

2 Polluted water treatment programme 0 3 in song county

3 Polluted water treatment programme 0 2 in town in baofeng county 4 Polluted water treatment programme 0 3 in yuanyang county 5 Polluted water treatment factory .0 3 inneixiang county

6 Polluted water in huangcbuan 0 3 county Polluted water scale 16.5

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 325 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 13-1 The interest-related people in the water supply & drainage project in towns of Henan Province

Interest group The interest in grogramme Attitude to programme Expetation and worry Right in the

programme 1. indrect beneficial group

1.1 denizen

1.1.1 rich class Interested it can improve the dtinking water Very support, it is good for health Hope it is implemented as soon A little conditon as possible 1.1.2 midlle class Interested, it can improve the drinking water Support, it is good for health Hope it is implemented as soon A little conditon as possible , not increase the water price 1.1.3low income Interested, it can improve the drinking water No matter, it is good for health Hope to lower the water price A little class conditon 1.1.4 poor class No interested, but it can improve the drinking No matter Give the prioritized policy in A little water conditon drinking water 1.2 government officials and staff

1.2.1 government Very interested, and it can improve the drinking Very support,it is good for the health and working Very hope it can be Most officials water conditon achievement implemented as soon as possible 1.2.2 staff Interested, it can improve the drinking water JZ support,it is good for the health and working Hope it can be implemented as More conditon achievement soon as possible 1.3 leaders of the town enterprise

1.3.1 enterprise Interest it can improve the dringking water Support, it is good for health and product quality Hope it can be implemented as Most leader condition and enterprice water using soon as possible but worry that it will increase tif production cost

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 326 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Attached Table 13-1 The interest-related people in the water supply & drainage project in towns of Henan Province (continued)

programme Expetation and worry Right in the Interest group The interest in grogramme Attitude to programme

for health and product quality Not matter worry that water A little 1.3.1 enterprise staff Interest, it can improve the dringking Support, it is good will cause the water condition price increasing reduce of profit

1.4 denizen who return between town and city good for health and safe diet Dining and bathing industry A little 1.4.1 business denizen who Interest, it can improve the drinking Support, it is worry that cost increasing and return between town and city water condition and using water condition profit reducing for health and safe diet No matter A little 1.4.2 labor who return Interest, it can improve the drinking Support, it is good between town and city water condition 1.5 resettlement not matter Worry that they can not get the A little 1.5.1 resettlement No matter Suppot oppose resettlement compensation and affect the agriculture water

using

1.6 managers and staff in tap-water factory tap-water company Hope the loan can be provided More 1.6.1 managers in tap-water Interest, it can improve the dringking Suppot it is good for health and in time factory water condition and scale of the factory will benefit the loan can be provided Big 1.6.2 staff in tap-water factory Interest, it can improve the dringking It is good for health and bonus Hope in time water condition and scale of the factory

Attached Table 13-1 The interest-related people in the water supply & drainage project in towns of Henan Province (continued)

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 327 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

Interest group The interest in grogramme Attitude to programme Expetation and worry Right in the

programme 1.7 project contractor and material provider 1.7.1 employee Interested it can increase profit It is good for enterprise development t#V WAfff,i hope Lest the loan can be provided in time 1.7. 2 upplyer Interested it can increase profit It is good for enterprise development Hope the loan can be Lest provided in time 2. Indrect interest group

2.1 ministry of finance Strengthen the earlier working speed, loan and Support all the loans and implement all the loan Hope all the assignments Most programme office programme should be finished as soon as possible policy can be finished as soon as possible 2.2 provincial Strengthen the earlier working speed , loan and Support all the loans and implement all the loan Hope all the assignments Most development and reform programme should be finished as soon as possible policy can be finished as soon as committee possible 2.3 henan province Trengthen the earlier working speed ,and complete Support all the loans and implement all the loan Hope all the assignments A liitle project consultant report in studing policy can be finished as soon as company possible 2.4 north china They will complete the social evaluation and Support all the loans and implement all the loan Hope all the assignments A liitle university of water resettlement programme report policy can be finished as soon as conservancy and possible hydro-electric power

Attached Table 13-1 The interest-related people in the water supply & drainage project in towns of Henan Province (continued)

Interest group The interest in grogramme Attitude to programme Expetation and worry Right in the programme

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 328 Total 334 The Report on the Social Evaluation of the Water Supply & Drainage Project In towns of Henan

and implement all the loan policy Hope all the assignments A hitle 2.5 china water % interested they will complete the environment Support all the loans can be finished as soon as conservancy an evaluation report possible hydro-electric power research institute much and will fulfill the Hope all the assignments Lest 2.6 county power Interest, it can improve the dringking water condition They do not support it very passively can be finished as soon as administration assignment possible

and implement all the loan Hope all the assignments Most 2.7 world bank The loanee must execute the world bank loan policy Support all the loans can be finished as soon as strictly, gain the social and economic interest policy,they will stop loan once they find any accident possible

and give the advice on They will try their best to More 2.8 international They keep eye on development research report ,social They support the programme report and environment complete the consultative consultant evaluation report, resettlement programme report and resettlement programme assignment environment evaluation report evaluation report ane give the advice on the Hey will try their best to More 2.9 domestic consultant They keep eye on relavant technology problem ,policy They support the programme the consultative problem and social programme appeare in the relavant technology problem and social problem complete assignment programme

The Social and Resettlement Institute of NCWU page 329 Total 334 州目口細h

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