FREE STORY OF THE OLYMPICS PDF

Richard Brassey | 32 pages | 04 Apr 2017 | Hachette Children's Group | 9781510101388 | English | London, United Kingdom The History of the | Scholastic

The modern Olympic Games or Olympics French : Jeux olympiques [1] [2] are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes Story of the Olympics around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost Story of the Olympics competition with more than nations participating. The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the for snow and ice sports, the for athletes with disabilities, the for athletes aged 14 to 18, the five Continental games Pan AmericanAfricanAsianEuropeanand Pacificand the World Games for sports that are not contested in the Olympic Games. The IOC has needed to adapt to a variety of economic, Story of the Olympics, and technological advancements. The abuse of amateur rules by the Eastern Bloc nations prompted the IOC to shift away from pure amateurismas envisioned by Coubertin, to the acceptance of professional athletes participating at the Games. The growing importance of mass media has created the issue of corporate sponsorship and general commercialisation of the Games. World wars led to the cancellation of the Story of the Olympics,and Olympics; Story of the Olympics boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in the and Olympics; [4] and the Olympics were postponed until as a result of Story of the Olympics COVID pandemic. As the decision-making body, the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Games, and organises and funds the Games according to the Olympic Charter. The IOC also determines the Olympic programme, consisting of the sports to be contested at the Games. There are several Olympic rituals and symbols, such as the Olympic flag and torchas well as the opening and closing ceremonies. Over 14, athletes competed at the Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics combined, in 35 different sports and over events. The Games have grown so much that nearly every nation is now represented. This growth has created numerous challenges and controversiesincluding boycottsdopingbribery, and a terrorist attack in Every two years the Olympics and its media exposure provide athletes with the chance to attain national and sometimes international fame. The Games also constitute an opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world. The were religious and athletic festivals held every four years at the sanctuary of Zeus in Olympia, Greece. Competition was among representatives of several city-states Story of the Olympics kingdoms of Ancient Greece. These Games featured mainly athletic but also combat sports such as wrestling and the pankrationhorse and chariot racing events. It has been widely written that during the Games, all conflicts among the participating city-states were postponed until the Games were finished. This cessation of hostilities was known as the Olympic peace or truce. The truce did allow those religious pilgrims who were travelling to Olympia to pass through warring territories unmolested because they were protected by Zeus. The Olympics were of fundamental religious importance, featuring sporting events alongside ritual sacrifices honouring both Zeus whose famous statue by Phidias stood in his temple at Olympia and Pelopsdivine hero and mythical king of Olympia. Pelops was famous for his chariot race with King Oenomaus of Pisatis. Various uses Story of the Olympics the term "Olympic" to describe athletic events in the modern era have been documented since the 17th century. It was first organised by the lawyer Robert Dover between andwith several later celebrations leading up to the present day. The British Olympic Story of the Olympicsin its bid for the Olympic Games in London, mentioned these games as "the first stirrings of Britain's Olympic beginnings". The Games also marked the introduction of the metric system into sport. At most 25, spectators Story of the Olympics the games. InBrookes changed the name to the Wenlock Olympian Games. This annual sports festival continues to this day. Between andLiverpool held an annual Grand Olympic Festival. Devised by John Hulley and Charles Melly, these games were the first to be wholly amateur in nature and international in outlook, although only 'gentlemen amateurs' could compete. Its articles of foundation provided the framework for the International Olympic Charter. It was first proposed by poet and newspaper editor Panagiotis Soutsos in his poem " Dialogue of the Dead ", published in Athletes participated from Greece and the Ottoman Empire. Zappas funded the restoration of the ancient Panathenaic Stadium so that it could host all future Olympic Games. The stadium hosted Olympics in and This meeting was held from 16 to 23 Juneat the University of Paris. On the last day of the Congress, it was decided that the first Olympic Games to come under the auspices of the IOC would take place in in The Games brought together 14 nations Story of the Olympics athletes who competed in 43 events. This trust was used to help finance the Games. Greek officials and the public were enthusiastic about the experience of hosting an Olympic Games. This feeling was shared by many of the Story of the Olympics, who even demanded that Athens be the permanent Olympic host city. The IOC intended for subsequent Games to be rotated to various host cities around the world. The second Olympics was held in Paris. After the Story of the Olympics of the Games, the Olympics entered a period of stagnation which threatened its survival. Louis in were little more than side shows. This period in Olympic history was a low point for the Olympic Movement. These Games attracted a broad international field of participants and generated a great deal Story of the Olympics public interest, marking the beginning of a rise in both the popularity and the size of the Olympics. The Games were officially recognised by the IOC at the time although not any longerand no Intercalated Games have been held since. The Winter Olympics was created to feature snow and ice sports that were logistically impossible to hold during the Summer Games. Figure skating in and and ice hockey in were featured as Olympic events at the Summer Olympics. The IOC desired to expand this to encompass other winter activities. At the in Story of the Olympicsit was decided to hold a winter version of the Olympic Games. The IOC mandated that the Winter Games be celebrated every four years in the same Story of the Olympics as their summer counterpart. InSir Ludwig Guttmanndetermined to promote the rehabilitation of soldiers after World War IIorganised a multi-sport event between several hospitals to coincide with the London Olympics. Originally known as the Stoke Mandeville GamesGuttmann's event became an annual sports festival. Over the next 12 years, Guttmann and others continued their efforts to use sports as an avenue to healing. InGuttmann brought athletes to Rome to compete in the "Parallel Olympics", which ran in parallel with the Summer Olympics and came to be known as the first Paralympics. Since then, the Paralympics have been held in every Olympic year and, starting with the Summer Games in Seoul, the host city for the Olympics has also played host to the Paralympics. We want to change public attitudes towards disability, celebrate the excellence of Paralympic sport and to enshrine from the very outset that the two Games are an integrated Story of the Olympics. Inthe Olympic Games were complemented by the Youth Games, which give athletes between the ages of 14 and 18 the chance to compete. The Summer Olympics Story of the Olympics grown from participants representing 14 nations in Story of the Olympics, to more than 11, competitors representing nations in Most of the athletes and officials are housed in the Olympic Village for the duration of the Games. This accommodation centre is designed to be a Story of the Olympics home for all Olympic participants, and is furnished with cafeterias, health clinics, and locations for religious expression. These do not meet the strict requirements for political sovereignty that other international organisations demand. As a result, colonies and dependencies are permitted to compete at Olympic Games, examples being territories such as Puerto RicoBermudaand Hong Kongall of which compete as separate nations despite being legally a part of another country. This does not include wider infrastructure costs like Story of the Olympics, urban rail, and airports, which often cost as much or more than the sports-related costs. Where ambitious construction for the games in Montreal and games in Moscow had saddled organisers with expenses greatly in excess of revenues, host Los Angeles strictly controlled expenses by using existing facilities that were paid for by corporate sponsors. The Olympic Committee led by Peter Ueberroth used some of the profits to endow the LA84 Foundation to promote youth sports in Southern California, educate coaches and maintain a sports library. The Summer Olympics are often considered the most financially successful modern Olympics and a model for future Games. Budget overruns are Story of the Olympics for the Games. It has been documented that cost and cost overrun for the Games follow a power-law distributionwhich means that, first, the Games are prone to large cost overruns and, second, it is only a matter of time until an overrun occurs that is larger than the largest to date. In short, hosting the Games is economically and financially extremely risky. Many economists are sceptical about the economic benefits of hosting the Olympic Games, emphasising that such "mega-events" often have large costs while yielding relatively few tangible benefits in the long run. This positive effect begins in the years leading up to the Games and might persist for several years afterwards, although not permanently. This finding suggests that hosting the Olympics might create opportunities for cities to influence local corporations in ways that benefit the local nonprofit sector and civil society. The Games have also had significant negative effects on host communities; for example, the Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions reports that the Olympics displaced more than two million people over two decades, often disproportionately affecting disadvantaged groups. According to a report by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development that was released at the time of the games, this cost will not boost Russia's national economy, but may attract business to Sochi and the southern Krasnodar region of Russia in the future as a result of improved services. Thus in JulyThe Guardian stated that the biggest threat to the future of the Olympics is that very few cities want to host them. The Olympic Movement encompasses a large number of national and international sporting organisations and federations, recognised media partners, as well as athletes, officials, judges, and every other person and institution that agrees to abide by the rules of the Olympic Charter. French and English are the official languages of the Olympic Movement. The other language used at each Olympic Games is the language of the host Story of the Olympics or languages, if a country has more than one official language apart from French or English. Every proclamation such as the announcement of each country during the parade of nations in the opening ceremony is spoken in these three or more languages, or the main two depending on whether the host country is an English or French speaking country: French is always spoken first, followed by an English translation, and then the dominant language of the host nation when this is not English or French. The IOC has often been accused of being an intractable organisation, with several life members on the Story of the Olympics. Brundage fought strongly for amateurism and against the commercialisation of the Olympic Games, even as these attitudes came to be seen as incongruous with the realities of modern sports. The advent of state-sponsored athletes from the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateuras it placed self-financed amateurs of Western countries at a disadvantage. Init was Story of the Olympics that several IOC members had taken gifts from members of the Salt Story of the Olympics City bid committee for the hosting of the Winter Olympics. Although nothing strictly illegal had occurred, it was felt that the acceptance of the gifts was morally dubious. As a result of the investigation, ten members of the IOC were expelled and a further ten sanctioned. Additionally, new term and age limits were put into place for IOC membership, and fifteen former Olympic athletes were added to the committee. Nevertheless, from sporting and business standpoints, the Olympics were one of the most successful Winter Games in history; records were set in both the broadcasting and marketing programs. This excess Story of the Olympics was used to create the Utah Athletic Foundation also known as the Utah Olympic Legacy Foundationwhich maintains and operates many of the surviving Olympic venues. The precise figures are unknown since Nagano destroyed the financial records after the IOC requested that the entertainment expenditures should not be made public. A BBC documentary entitled Panorama : Buying the Gameswhich aired in Augustinvestigated the taking of bribes in the bidding process for the Summer Olympics. He cited French president Jacques Chirac as a witness; Chirac gave guarded interviews concerning his involvement [] but the allegation was never fully explored. Turin 's Winter Olympic bid was also clouded by controversy. These accusations led to a wide-ranging investigation, and also served to sour many IOC members against Sion's bid which potentially helped Turin to capture the host city nomination. The Olympic Games - HISTORY

Online Collections. The festival and the games were held in Olympia see 'Did you know' in the glossarya rural sanctuary site model shown here, courtesy of the British Museum in the western Peloponnesos. The Greeks that came to the Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia shared the same religious beliefs and spoke the same language. The athletes were all male citizens of the city-states from every corner of the Greek world, coming from as far away as Iberia Spain in the west and the Black Story of the Olympics Turkey in the east. The sanctuary was named in antiquity after Mt. Olympos see 'Did you know' in the glossarythe highest Story of the Olympics in mainland Greece. In Greek mythology, Mt. Olympos was the home of the greatest of the Greek gods and goddesses. The ancient Olympic Games began in the year BCwhen Koroibos, a cook from the nearby city of Elis, won the stadion race, a foot race feet long. The stadion track at Olympia is shown here. According to some literary traditions, this was the only athletic event of the games for the first Story of the Olympics Olympic festivals or until BC. From BC, the Games were held in Olympia every four years for almost 12 centuries. Contrary evidence, both literary and archaeological, suggests that the games may have existed at Olympia much earlier than this date, perhaps as early as the 10th or 9th century BC. What's that, you ask? A series of bronze tripods have been found at Olympia, some of which may date to the 9th century BC, and Story of the Olympics has been suggested that these tripods may in fact be prizes for some of the early events at Olympia. Source: Deutsches Archaologisches Institut, Athen. Did you know Additional athletic events Story of the Olympics gradually added until, by the 5th century BC, the religious festival consisted of a five-day program. For a complete list of events, click here. For a complete list of modern Olympic Game location sites, click here. Shown here is the stadium entrance at Olympia. Any Winter Games? The first modern Winter Olympic games were held in in Chamonix, France. There was no winter Olympic festival in ancient times. Separate Winter Games were first authorized in to be held inbut due to World War I they didn't occur untilin Chamonix. Starting with Lillehammer init was decided that every other year will be an Olympic year with Story of the Olympics and Winter Games alternatingrather than holding Summer and Winter Games every 4th Story of the Olympics. This was done to accommodate TV networks and audiences. The Modern Olympic flag of five linked rings, each with a Story of the Olympics color used in the flags of the nations competing in the games, was introduced in There is no ancient basis for this modern symbol. Detail from an Attic Red Figure Kylix, ca. Above them hang a discus in its bag and a pair of jumping weights called 'halteres. The coach or trainer stands to the left of the wrestlers, leaning on his staff and holding a long forked branch. Museum Object Number: MS History of the Olympics: Creating the Modern Games

Yet the first Olympic Games for which we still have written records were held in BCE though it is generally believed that the Games had been going on for many years already. At this Olympic Games, a naked runner, Coroebus a cook from Eliswon the sole event at the Olympics, the stade - a run of approximately meters yards. This made Coroebus the very first Olympic champion in history. The ancient Olympic Games grew and continued to be played every four years for nearly years. Approximately years later, a young Frenchmen named began their revival. Coubertin was a French aristocrat born on January 1, He was only seven years old when France was overrun by the Germans during the Franco-Prussian War of Some believe Story of the Olympics Coubertin attributed the defeat of France not to its military skills but Story of the Olympics to the French soldiers' lack of vigor. Coubertin's attempt to get France interested in sports was not met with enthusiasm. Still, Coubertin persisted. Two years later, Coubertin first pitched Story of the Olympics idea to revive the Olympic Games. His speech did not inspire action. Though Coubertin was not the first to propose the Story of the Olympics of the Olympic Games, he was certainly the most well-connected and persistent of those to do so. Two years later, Coubertin organized a meeting with 79 delegates who represented nine countries. He gathered these delegates in an auditorium that was decorated by neoclassical murals and similar additional points of ambiance. At this meeting, Coubertin eloquently spoke of the revival of the Olympic Games. This time, Coubertin aroused interest. The delegates at the conference voted unanimously for the Olympic Games. The delegates also decided to have Coubertin construct an international committee to organize the Games. Athens was chosen as the location for the revival of the Olympic Games and the planning was begun. Share Flipboard Email. Jennifer Rosenberg. History Expert. Jennifer Rosenberg is a historian and writer who specializes in 20th-century history. Updated January 30, ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. By using ThoughtCo, you accept our.