Lesson Launch: Analyzing Sources
© 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. Source B: World Archive History /Alamy Stock Photo Source A: Sources Analyzing Launch: Lesson Sub-Saharan Africa KEY CONCEPT: Trans-Saharan Trade andtheSpread ofIslamin
Argun SENEGA BIA ATLANTIC OCEAN Guded Thilogne Satellite view ofNorth Africa Map oftrade networks inpostclassicalNorth Africa A A A dahost G G Niani ali HO H SAHARA Tichit Walata ASANTI AA Sale umasi G Gulf ofGuinea Beho Timbu tu OSSI G A A Tessalit Gao Fez Sebta Salaga T AT YO BA TI IKELT u ya Tadme a Oyo Tlmeen TFO AS A A Benin Es-Sou AB Agades Ife Tahert HOGGA atsina aria AI E I BO NO Tunis KA A ayra an u a ola N imi KANE FE AN Tripoli BAG I I TIBESTI asseniya Gasga Mediterranean A AI Sea Abeche Wara G ENNE I old rod tio alt rod tio ases Cities to s A F El Fasher Alexandria Cairo El Obeid KO OFAN EGYPT N BIA erusalem
harga Asyut G Sea Red Soba Berber Sennar Debra Bihran Gondar Damascus ABYSSINIA Aydhab Halaib Sua in edina HI A ecca Handout 3.5-1A Harer eila © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved.
. , Handout 3.5-1B Trans-Saharan Trade and the Spread of Islam in Sub-Saharan of Islam in Sub-Saharan and the Spread Trade Trans-Saharan Summarize the above answers and notes using the following sentence stem: stem: sentence using the following and notes answers Summarize the above such as challenges posed environmental theWhile Sahara the Sahara over networks trade successful to create motivated were merchants because of Which cities listed within this trade network could likely access the markets in in the access markets likely could network within thisWhich cities listed trade other postclassical states? from is this How different network? of this the trade focus Which commodities were with other states? postclassical associated or similar to the resources Compare the satellite photograph to the trade network map. What routes within this routes What map. network to the trade photograph the satellite Compare you do What challenges? significant environmental have likely would network trade within theseof thenotice about most routes? marked stops 4. 2. 3. 1. Africa Observe and Analyze KEY CONCEPT: KEY © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. Notes and observations and Notes gold bars. bars Oneofthese weighs 970pounds. [camel’s] load ofsaltsold for eightygold coins. Thekinghasarichtreasure ofcoins and Tegaza, some500miles from Timbuktu. cityat atimewhen Ihappenedtobeinthis and butter isconsiderable. But saltisinvery supply short becauseitiscarriedhere from African) merchants …Grain andanimalsare consumptionofmilk the abundant,so that numerous. Fabrics are alsoimported from Europe toTimbuktu, borneby Berber(North merchants, artisans, the The shopsofthe andespecially weavers are ofcottoncloth very Timbuktu, ofGhana. heart acityinthe Leo Africanus was adiplomat from al-Andalus, excerpt, Spain.Inthis hedescribes Source B: and found way their fairs tothe andmarkets ofsuchplacesasNormandy andBritain. came from Hausaarea Nigeria, the were ofnorthern suppliedtoMediterranean markets African gold products, andother suchasso-called Moroccan leather, whichactually foot earliestcenturiesofSaharan inthe trade hadachieved. By twelfth century, the West second centuryC.E.allowed greater regularity merchants the ofcontactthan traveling on centuries before West riseofthe the Africanstates. Theintroduction camelinthe ofthe and salted andcopper. fish,cloth, Thesecaravans sands the desert hadplied for properties andeverywhere offered asasymbolofhospitality), gold, ivory, wood, smoked next, exchanging forest southern products suchaskola nuts (chewed for stimulant their Caravans, ofmerchants, smallparties carriedgoods from onetown orsettlement tothe Source A: Sources Analyzing Launch: Lesson Africa KEY CONCEPT: Excerpt from Adapted from LeoAfricanus’s Trans-Saharan Trade andtheSpread ofIslaminSub-Saharan Bridging World History History andDescriptionofAfrica History , Annenberg Learner, 2004 , 1526. Handout 3.5-2A © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. .
Handout 3.5-2B
Bridging World History Bridging World resulted in trade that in trade resulted
Trans-Saharan Trade and the Spread of Islam in and the Spread Trade Trans-Saharan excerpt given Timbuktu’s location? location? Timbuktu’s given excerpt in the sources observed to summarize the trends stem sentence Use the following provided: the the second century, before in the Sahara had traded merchants While According to Source A, what remained the same before and after the rise of West the of West rise and after the same before remained A, what to Source According America? across of the trade camel change did the How introduction African states? the corroborate aspects of the account What Leo Africanus 1. 3. 2. Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Observe and Analyze KEY CONCEPT: KEY © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. Notes and Observations and Notes PHAS/Universal ImagesGroup/Getty Images. Africa. mapmakers Abraham andJehuda Cresques, 1375.Thissectiondepicts SpainandNorth Source B: Koran’s insistingonthe is, their in. Another beingcommitted tomemory. congregation;the for unless onemakes haste, hewillfindnoplace left tosay his prayers successors toittake constantcustomofattending is, their it.Another prayers with willmake they them, noeffort to get possessionofhisproperty: butwillallowthe lawful robber. good properties oftheir Another is, whena merchant that happenstodieamong atravelerso that may least proceed fear the or without alone ofa thief amongthem, respect,this Sultanregards the little normuch.Thesafety, [it]neither too, isvery great; MaliEmpire] init[the regard bestthings isthe One ofthe pay they tojustice; for, in 1325–1354 Source A: Sources Analyzing Launch: Lesson KEY CONCEPT: , translated and edited by Rev. SamuelLee,2004 Detail ofamapfrom the Excerpt from Trans-Saharan Trade andtheSpread ofIslaminSub-Saharan Africa The Travels ofIbnBattuta intheNearEast,AsiaandAfrica,
Catalan Atlas, attributed toMajorcan Jewish Handout 3.5-3A © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. Handout 3.5-3B
Trans-Saharan Trade and the Spread of Islam in and the Spread Trade Trans-Saharan Battuta’s account or images from the atlas provide clues as to why this region can can this region clues as to why the provide atlas from or images account Battuta’s empires? flourishing multiple have the figure sitting on a throne in do bottom right portionthe sitting on a of What the throne thethe image. figure outside of North reputation about Mansa Musa’s suggest the mapmakers choices by of Ibn to the observations does thisAfrica? How depiction of Mansa Musa relate Battuta? Ghana, and Songhai Mali, like Africa kingdoms this time period, West Throughout of Ibn aspects What South in African Sahel just of the Sahara. all located were Among Ibn Battuta’s observations, what aspects of the Mali Empire suggest suggest aspects of the what Mali Empire observations, Among Ibn Battuta’s government? of a well-functioning evidence is Mali monarch, Musa, a famous Mansa the Atlas, Catalan from In the map excerpt 2. 3. 1. Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Observe and Analyze KEY CONCEPT: KEY © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. Marianoblanco /Shutterstock.com Source B: of Islam,often referred toas“African specificbrotherhoods Islam,”with andpractices. commercial relationships. … Eventually, sub-Saharan Africansdeveloped own brand their formal, agesture perhapsaimedat gaining from political support Arabs the andfacilitating For … [Westupheavals. African]rulers,various …conversion [toIslam]remained somewhat instance, flourished asacommercial andintellectual center, seemingly undisturbed by Islamic learning. Islambrought ofwriting. art …ThecityofTimbuktu, toAfricathe for king MansaMusa]...encouraged building ofmosques, the aswell development asthe of resulted establishmentofmosques. ...MansaSulaiman[brother inthe Malian ofthe In somecapitalcities, suchasGhanaandGao, presence the ofMuslimmerchants Islamic politicaland (see, for instance,accounts by geographers al-BakriandIbnBattuta). documents at ourdisposalfor periodunderconsideration the derive from Arab sources nor uniform, butfollowed agradual andadaptive However, path. only the written beyond. Thespread ofIslamthroughout Africancontinentwas simultaneous the neither of Islamiclaw, gave conversion the process Ghanaempire anew momentuminthe and the masses ofrural peasants, however, remained eleventh little touched.Inthe century, and courtiers century).The (Ghana eleventh thirteenth inthe centuryandMaliinthe The first [Islamic]converts werethe Sudanesemerchants, followed by a few rulers Museum ofArt’s Source A: Sources Analyzing Launch: Lesson KEY CONCEPT: Almoravid intervention Djinguereber Mosque,builtby MansaMusain1327 Excerpt from “Trade Spread andthe ofIslaminAfrica” from Metropolitan the Heilbrunn TimelineofArtHistory Trans-Saharan Trade andtheSpread ofIslaminSub-Saharan Africa aesthetic influences aesthetic , led by agroup ofBerbernomadswhowere strictobservers onAfricansocietiesremain difficulttoassess. , 2001 Handout 3.5-4A © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. . . . Handout 3.5.4B
Trans-Saharan Trade and the Spread of Islam in and the Spread Trade Trans-Saharan Islam diffused to West Africa during the Postclassical Period because Period because Postclassical during the Africa West to Islam diffused Period, but Postclassical during the Africa West to Islam diffused so Period, Postclassical the during Africa West to diffused Islam Summarize the article using the following sentence stems: stems: sentence Summarize the using the article following How does the mosque built by Mansa Musa represent both religious and political and political both religious Musa represent Mansa does theHow mosque built by considerations? According to this secondary source, why is it difficult to trace Islam’s spread through through spread trace Islam’s is it difficult to why to this secondary source, According Africa? sources? previous in presented information thisdoes corroborate article way what In 1. 4. 3. 2. Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Observe and Analyze KEY CONCEPT: KEY © 2019 The College Board. All rights reserved. Evidence-Based Paragraph skills. below chart Use the asareference topractice writingclaimsusingmultiple historical causesandeffectsExplain the oftrans-Saharan tradethe during Postclassical Period. followingto the prompt: developed inclasstowrite anevidence-based paragraph, aclear claim,inresponse with Consider evidence from sources the week examined this aswell asdeeperinsights Activity Writing Set Source Sub-Saharan Africa KEY CONCEPT: Skill/Question toconsider Saharan trade networks? of causes oreffects related to thetrans- can you make regarding thesignificance Argument Development: Whatclaims trade? developmentthe further oftrans-Saharan continued orchanged inAfrica asaresult of andChangeoverContinuity Time: What trans-Saharan trade? Causation: Whatwere thekey causes of regarding trans-Saharan trade? challenges thathadto beovercome Contextualization: Whatwere the Trans-Saharan Trade andtheSpread ofIslamin Sentence Starters were overcome. overcome regarding sub-Saharan trade] [examples ofchallengesthathadto be challenges,suchas possible untilcertain trade Africa networks inNorthern wasnot The establishmentoftrans-Saharan [explain your reasoning]. significant onewas [cause/effect] because the trans-Saharan trade themost network, While there were many [causes/effects] of continuities/changes]. Saharan trade networks, of [summary As aresult ofthedevelopment oftrans- ofthecauses][Explanation Saharan trade network. causes], ledto theexpansion ofthetrans- Postclassical Period, suchas[brieflistingof Several causes over thecourse ofthe
Handout 3.5-5