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Agricultural Environment of the Back Land of Nagura Bay, Okinawa Prefecture"
"Agricultural Environment of the Back Land of Nagura Bay, Okinawa Prefecture" 著者 "KATAYAMA Tadao C., SHINAGAWA Akio, HIGASHI Teruo" journal or 南海研紀要 publication title volume 6 number 1 page range 37-55 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10232/15660 Mem. Kagoshima Univ. Res. Center S. Pac. Vol.6, No. 1, 1985 37 Agricultural Environment of the Back Land of Nagura Bay, Okinawa Prefecture* Tadao C. Katayama**, Akio Shinagawa*** and Teruo Higashi*** Abstract The agricultural environment of the back land of Nagura Bay, Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture, /'. e., upland factors and cropping systems were discussed on the basis of references and observation in the area. There is a rapid consumption and a high turnover rate for organic matter, nutrients, minerals. To improve soil preserva tion, it is recommended utilization of natural topographical features and plants is more suitable than building artificial structures. Plants with a tap root and deep-rooted trees are good examples of natural stabilization structures. In comparison to the agricultural practices dominated by hand labor and small machines, procedures utilizing large machines are disadvantageous, because they increase the amount of times the land remains bare and they reduce the necessary elasticity in farm practices. It is recom mended to increase the agricultural development cautiously to preserve the environ ment and to keep the local population consensus. Introduction Ishigaki Island lies between 124°04'E and 124°20'E longitude and 24°19'N and 24° 36'N latitude (Fig. 1). In general, Ishigaki Island is said to be characteristic of a sub-tropical region. Because of its sub-tropical nature, it has higher temperatures and more abundant solar energy in comparison with Japan proper. -
The Stoloniferous Octocoral, Hanabira Yukibana, Gen. Nov., Sp
Contributions to Zoology 88 (2019) 54-77 CTOZ brill.com/ctoz The stoloniferous octocoral, Hanabira yukibana, gen. nov., sp. nov., of the southern Ryukyus has morphological and symbiont variation Yee Wah Lau Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan [email protected] Frank R. Stokvis Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands Yukimitsu Imahara Wakayama Laboratory, Biological Institute on Kuroshio, 300-11 Kire, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 640-0351, Japan James D. Reimer Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0123, Japan Abstract Stoloniferan octocorals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) are a relatively unexplored fauna in the Ryukyus (southern Japan), known to be a tropical marine region of high biodiversity and endemism of species. Specimens of stoloniferous octocorals were collected during fieldwork along the coasts of two islands (Okinawa and Iriomote) in the Okinawa Prefecture. Despite their phenotypic polyp variation, this study shows their morphological and molecular uniqueness, leading to the description of a new genus with a single species: Hanabira yukibana, gen. nov., sp. nov. They are placed within the Clavulariidae and form a sister clade basally to the genus Knopia Alderslade & McFadden, 2007 and species of Clavularia Blainville, 1830. The polyps of this new species show morphological variation in both shape and sclerite density, but there is conformity in the typical overall petal shaped tentacles, which have fused pinnules (pseudopinnules). -
Effects of Constructing a New Airport on Ishigaki Island
Island Sustainability II 181 Effects of constructing a new airport on Ishigaki Island Y. Maeno1, H. Gotoh1, M. Takezawa1 & T. Satoh2 1Nihon University, Japan 2Nihon Harbor Consultants Ltd., Japan Abstract Okinawa Prefecture marked the 40th anniversary of its reversion to Japanese sovereignty from US control in 2012. Such isolated islands are almost under the environment separated by the mainland and the sea, so that they have the economic differences from the mainland and some policies for being active isolated islands are taken. It is necessary to promote economical measures in order to increase the prosperity of isolated islands through initiatives involving tourism, fisheries, manufacturing, etc. In this study, Ishigaki Island was considered as an example of such an isolated island. Ishigaki Island is located to the west of the main islands of Okinawa and the second-largest island of the Yaeyama Island group. Ishigaki Island falls under the jurisdiction of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan’s southernmost prefecture, which is situated approximately half-way between Kyushu and Taiwan. Both islands belong to the Ryukyu Archipelago, which consists of more than 100 islands extending over an area of 1,000 km from Kyushu (the southwesternmost of Japan’s four main islands) to Taiwan in the south. Located between China and mainland Japan, Ishigaki Island has been culturally influenced by both countries. Much of the island and the surrounding ocean are protected as part of Iriomote-Ishigaki National Park. Ishigaki Airport, built in 1943, is the largest airport in the Yaeyama Island group. The runway and air security facilities were improved in accordance with passenger demand for larger aircraft, and the airport became a tentative jet airport in May 1979. -
Nansei Islands Biological Diversity Evaluation Project Report 1 Chapter 1
Introduction WWF Japan’s involvement with the Nansei Islands can be traced back to a request in 1982 by Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh. The “World Conservation Strategy”, which was drafted at the time through a collaborative effort by the WWF’s network, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), posed the notion that the problems affecting environments were problems that had global implications. Furthermore, the findings presented offered information on precious environments extant throughout the globe and where they were distributed, thereby providing an impetus for people to think about issues relevant to humankind’s harmonious existence with the rest of nature. One of the precious natural environments for Japan given in the “World Conservation Strategy” was the Nansei Islands. The Duke of Edinburgh, who was the President of the WWF at the time (now President Emeritus), naturally sought to promote acts of conservation by those who could see them through most effectively, i.e. pertinent conservation parties in the area, a mandate which naturally fell on the shoulders of WWF Japan with regard to nature conservation activities concerning the Nansei Islands. This marked the beginning of the Nansei Islands initiative of WWF Japan, and ever since, WWF Japan has not only consistently performed globally-relevant environmental studies of particular areas within the Nansei Islands during the 1980’s and 1990’s, but has put pressure on the national and local governments to use the findings of those studies in public policy. Unfortunately, like many other places throughout the world, the deterioration of the natural environments in the Nansei Islands has yet to stop. -
Tanedori of Taketomi Island: Intergenerational Transmission of Intangible Heritage
Tanedori of Taketomi Island: Intergenerational Transmission of Intangible Heritage. Goya Junko Tanedori of Taketomi Island: Intergenerational Transmission of Intangible Heritage. Tanedori of Taketomi Island: Intergenerational Transmission of Intangible Heritage. Goya Junko Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Nagoya University ABSTRACT This paper examines performing arts as Intangible Cultural Properties, and considers their transmission, focusing on the case of Tanedori of Taketomi Island (hereafter Tanedori) one of the Important Intangible Folk- cultural Properties of Taketomi-cho in Okinawa Prefecture. In particular, it focuses on the importance of the mutual relationship between local communities and schools. Tanedori refers to the ritual of planting rice or millet. In the past this ritual was performed all over Okinawa Prefecture. Tanedori faces the same sort of challenges as many other intangible heritage activities - lack of people to carry on the tradition and a declining and aging local population. This paper provides a case study on the role schools can play, through the active engagement of teachers and principals with the local communities, in the transmission of ritual performances Keywords intergenerational transmission, performing arts, school education, Tanedori. Introduction The declining and aging population in Japan is Tanedori is a ritual for sowing seeds of rice and millet endangering many arts designated as intangible cultural and praying for a good harvest. This event was held in assets due to lack of people to carry on the traditions. In several places in Okinawa in the past. Today Taketomi recent years, it has become so vital to safeguard the Island has one of the best safeguarded Tanedori. -
Analysis of Drifting Polystyrene Degradation Surround Japan
Open Access Austin Journal of Environmental Toxicology Research Article Analysis of Drifting Polystyrene Degradation Surround Japan Amamiya K1, Koizumi K2, Yamada K1, Hiaki T1, Kusui T4 and Saido K1,3* Abstract 1College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Due to accidental or intentional littering, plastics make their way into Japan rivers and ultimately into oceans. No studies have been conducted on plastic 2College of Science & Technology, Nihon University, decomposition at low temperatures in the ocean owing to the misconception that Japan plastic hardly decomposes, if at all. To clarify if drifting plastics do indeed break 3Albatross Alliance, Japan down or not. Not only does this happen through micro/nano-scale fragmentation, 4Toyama Prefecture University, Japan but also potentially noxious chemicals are generated. To examine the level of *Corresponding author: Katsuhiko Saido, College of chemical contamination of ocean bodies due to debris/waste Polystyrene (PS), Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan 2,000 sand and water samples surrounding Japan were analyzed by GC/MS since 2,000 to 2015. All samples containing styrene oligomer (SOs) which Received: January 09, 2020; Accepted: February 06, consist of ethynylbenzene (Styrene Monomer, SM), 2,4-diphenyl-1-butene 2020; Published: February 13, 2020 (Styrene Dimer, SD) and 2,4-6-triphenyl-1-hexene (Styrene Trimer, ST). The composition ratios were SM1: SD1: ST 7 to10. Mega/Macro debris PS not only fragmented to generate micro/nano PS-particles (micro/nano plastic) but also chemically degraded to basic structure unite chemicals SOs. One Sentence Summary: PS in the ocean breaks into its oligomer at ambient temperatures throughout the year, posing a serious threat to marine ecosystems. -
Developmental Processes of Mangrove Habitat Related To
季 刊 地 理 学 Vol. 47 (1995) pp. 1-12 Quarterly Journal of Geography Developmental Processes of Mangrove Habitat Related to Relative Sea-level Changes at the Mouth of the Urauchi River, Iriomote Island, Southwestern Japan Kiyoshi FUJIMOTO* and Yasuhiro OIINUKI** Abstract In order to clarify geomorphologically the developmental processes of the mangrove habitats of Iriomote Island, topographic and surface geological surveys were performed along four lines in and around the mangrove habitat at the mouth of the Urauchi River in northwestern Iriomote Island. As a result, it was learned that the mangrove habitat of Iriomote Island has migrated in response to relative sea level changes. It is especially worth noting that the mangrove habitat abruptly moved seaward by a relative sea level fall that occurred about 1,000 yrs BP. During the rising sea-level phase between 2, 000 yrs BP and 1, 000 yrs BP, the mangrove forests of the island retreated, landward, which indicates that they are possibly more sensitive to sea-level changes than mangrove forests of tropical areas such as Micronesia and the Philippines, where landward movement of mangroves during this period has not recognized. On the other hand, at the Rhizophora stylosa habitat situated in the inner mangrove forest, it was found that the mangroves have maintained their habitat and position by accumulating mangrove peat against relative sea level rise after 260 yrs BP. Keywords Mangrove habitat, Relative sea level changes, Radiocarbon dating, FeSZ contents analysis, Aerial photograph, Iriomote Island habitat has little sediment supply and no geomor- L Introduction phological barrier against coastal processes. -
Présentation Powerpoint
The Use of ALOS AVNIR-2 and GIS tools for mapping tropical Mangroves in Iriomote Island 西表島- South Japan Plan I. Iriomote Island II. Mangroves III. Problems and Objective IV. Materials and Methods V. Nakama’s river Mangrove map VI. Conclusion I. Iriomote Island • The second largest in Okinawa. • Area = 289 km², Population < 2,000 • Visitors > 150,000 • Tropical rainforest climate. • Typhoon season (June to September). • 80% is a protected state land. • 90% dense jungle and mangrove swamps. • 34.3% forms the Iriomote National Park. • Mt. Komi (古見岳 Komidake) 470 m, is the highest point. • The Iriomote Cat (Prionailurus iriomotensis) 西表山猫. II. Mangroves – The primary coastal ecosystem in the tropical and subtropical region of the world (Mahfud, 1999). – They thrive in salty environments because they are able to obtain fresh water from saltwater. – They trap and cycle various organic materials, chemical elements, and important nutrients. They provide attachment surfaces for various marine organisms. – They provide protected nursery areas and shelters for fishes, crustaceans, and shellfish. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Bruguiera Rhizophora stylosa Sonneratia alba Kandelia candel III. Problematic and Objective - Recognize and detect changes of Mangrove ecosystems in Iriomote Island. - High accuracy maps using remote sensing and GIS tools: ALOS AVNIR, PRISM, PALSAR - Apply this methodology on South of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Pangkep Sulawasi Makassar Makassar IV. Materials and Methods 1. ALOS AVNIR-2 – Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer type -
Re-Estimation of a Plausible Model of the Earthquake Fault As the Source
Open Journal of Geology, 2020, 10, 1250-1261 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojg ISSN Online: 2161-7589 ISSN Print: 2161-7570 Re-Estimation of a Plausible Model of the Earthquake Fault as the Source of the 1771 Great Meiwa Tsunami Based on the Assessment of the Run-Up Height by Okinawa Prefecture, Japan Takeshi Matsumoto Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan How to cite this paper: Matsumoto, T. Abstract (2020) Re-Estimation of a Plausible Model of the Earthquake Fault as the Source of the Plausible parameters of the earthquake fault which caused the 1771 Great 1771 Great Meiwa Tsunami Based on the Meiwa Tsunami were re-estimated by comparing the result of the tsunami Assessment of the Run-Up Height by Oki- run-up height by the numerical simulation by Okinawa Prefectural Govern- nawa Prefecture, Japan. Open Journal of ment and those by 1) run-up height derived from previous field works, and 2) Geology, 10, 1250-1261. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2020.1012062 a historical record describing the run-up height in Miyako District. The re-estimation shows that the length of the fault off Miyako and Yaeyama dis- Received: November 27, 2020 tricts is 300 km or more. However, the slip of the fault is 20 m off Yaeyama Accepted: December 28, 2020 and 8 - 14 m off Miyako. Published: December 31, 2020 Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Keywords Scientific Research Publishing Inc. The 1771 Great Meiwa Tsunami, Okinawa, Earthquake Fault This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). -
Coral Reefs of Japan
Yaeyama Archipelago 6-1-7 (Map 6-1-7) Province: Okinawa Prefecture Location: ca. 430 km southwest off Okinawa Island, including Ishigaki, Iriomote, 6-1-7-③ Kohama, Taketomi, Yonaguni and Hateruma Island, and Kuroshima (Is.). Features: Sekisei Lagoon, the only barrier reef in Japan lies between the southwestern coast of Ishigaki Island and the southeastern coast of Taketomi Island Air temperature: 24.0˚C (annual average, at Ishigaki Is.) Seawater temperature: 25.2˚C (annual average, at east off Ishigaki Is.) Precipitation: 2,061.1 mm (annual average, at Ishigaki Is.) Total area of coral communities: 19,231.5 ha Total length of reef edge: 268.4 km Protected areas: Iriomote Yonaguni Is. National Park: at 37 % of the Iriomote Is. and part of Sekisei Lagoon; Marine park zones: 4 zones in Sekisei 平久保 Lagoon; Nature Conservation Areas: Sakiyama Bay (whole area is designated as marine special zones as well); Hirakubo Protected Water Surface: Kabira and Nagura Bay in Ishigaki Is. 宇良部岳 Urabutake (Mt.) 野底崎 Nosokozaki 0 ２km 伊原間 Ibarama 川平湾 Kabira Bay 6-1-7-① 崎枝湾 浦底湾 Sakieda Bay Urasoko Bay Hatoma Is. 屋良部半島 川平湾保護水面 Yarabu Peninsula Kabirawan Protected Water Surface ▲於茂登岳 Omototake (Mt.) 嘉弥真島 Koyama Is. アヤカ崎 名蔵湾保護水面 Akayazaki Nagurawan Protected Ishigaki Is. Water Surface 名蔵湾 Nagura Bay 竹富島タキドングチ 轟川 浦内川 Taketomijima Takedonguchi MP Todoroki River Urauchi River 宮良川 崎山湾自然環境保護地域 細崎 Miyara River Sakiyamawan 古見岳 Hosozaki 白保 Nature Conservation Area Komitake (Mt.) Shiraho Iriomote Is. 登野城 由布島 Kohama Is. Tonoshiro Yufujima (Is.) 宮良湾 Taketomi Is. Miyara Bay ユイサーグチ Yuisaguchi 仲間川 崎山湾 Nakama River 竹富島シモビシ Sakiyama Bay Taketomi-jima Shimobishi MP ウマノハピー 新城島マイビシ海中公園 Aragusukujima Maibishi MP Umanohapi Reef 6-1-7-② Kuroshima (Is.) 黒島キャングチ海中公園 上地島 Kuroshima Kyanguchi MP Uechi Is. -
A New Subspecies from Miyako-Jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan
PhytoKeys 148: 51–70 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.148.48957Sedum formosanumRESEARCH subsp. miyakojimense ARTICLE (Crassulaceae) 51 http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense (Crassulaceae), a new subspecies from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan Takuro Ito1,2, Chih-Chieh Yu3, Masatsugu Yokota4, Goro Kokubugata2 1 Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan 2 Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan 3 CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China 4 Laboratory of Ecology and Systematics, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan Corresponding author: Takuro Ito ([email protected]) Academic editor: Y. Mutafchiev | Received 16 January 2020 | Accepted 24 March 2020 | Published 26 May 2020 Citation: Ito T, Yu C-C, Yokota M, Kokubugata G (2020) Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense (Crassulaceae), a new subspecies from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. PhytoKeys 148: 51–70. https://doi.org/10.3897/ phytokeys.148.48957 Abstract We re-examined the taxonomic status of plants treated as Sedum formosanum (Crassulaceae) from Miyako- jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, using morphological comparison and molecular phylogenetic analyses with related species. In morphology, plants from Miyako-jima Island bore a close resemblance to the other plants of S. formosanum, but differed in being perennial, polycarpic, and having lateral axillary branches. -
Paantu: Visiting Deities, Ritual, and Heritage in Shimajiri, Miyako Island, Japan
PAANTU: VISITING DEITIES, RITUAL, AND HERITAGE IN SHIMAJIRI, MIYAKO ISLAND, JAPAN Katharine R. M. Schramm Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Folklore & Ethnomusicology Indiana University December 2016 1 Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Committee ________________________ Michael Dylan Foster, PhD Chair ________________________ Jason Baird Jackson, PhD ________________________ Henry Glassie, PhD ________________________ Michiko Suzuki, PhD May 23, 2016 ii Copyright © 2016 Katharine R. M. Schramm iii For all my teachers iv Acknowledgments When you study islands you find that no island is just an island, after all. In likewise fashion, the process of doing this research has reaffirmed my confidence that no person is an island either. We’re all more like aquapelagic assemblages… in short, this research would not have been possible without institutional, departmental, familial, and personal support. I owe a great debt of gratitude to the following people and institutions for helping this work come to fruition. My research was made possible by a grant from the Japan Foundation, which accommodated changes in my research schedule and provided generous support for myself and my family in the field. I also thank Professor Akamine Masanobu at the University of the Ryukyus who made my institutional connection to Okinawa possible and provided me with valuable guidance, library access, and my first taste of local ritual life. Each member of my committee has given me crucial guidance and support at different phases of my graduate career, and I am grateful for their insights, mentorship, and encouragement.