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Theodora, Aetius of Amida, and Procopius: Some Possible Connections John Scarborough
Theodora, Aetius of Amida, and Procopius: Some Possible Connections John Scarborough HEN ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL SOURCES speak of prostitutes’ expertise, they frequently address the Wquestion of how they managed to keep free from pregnancies. Anyone unschooled in botanicals that were con- traceptives or abortifacients might pose a question similar to that of an anonymous writer in twelfth-century Salerno who asks medical students: “As prostitutes have very frequent intercourse, why do they conceive only rarely?”1 Procopius’ infamous invective, describing the young Theodora’s skills in prostitution, contains a similar phrase: she “became pregnant in numerous instances, but almost always could expel instantly the results of her coupling.”2 Neither text specifies the manner of abortion or contraception, probably similar to those re- corded in the second century by Soranus of Ephesus (see be- low). Procopius’ deliciously scandalous narrative is questionable 1 Brian Lawn, The Prose Salernitan Questions (London 1970) B 10 (p.6): Que- ritur cum prostitute meretrices frequentissime coeant, unde accidat quod raro concipiant? 2 Procop. Anec. 9.19 (ed. Haury): καὶ συχνὰ µὲν ἐκύει, πάντα δὲ σχεδὸν τεχνάζουσα ἐξαµβλίσκειν εὐθὺς ἴσχυε, which can also be translated “She conceived frequently, but since she used quickly all known drugs, a mis- carriage was effected”; if τεχνάζουσα is the ‘application of a specialized skill’, the implication becomes she employed drugs that were abortifacients. Other passages suggestive of Procopius’ interests in medicine and surgery include Wars 2.22–23 (the plague, adapted from Thucydides’ description of the plague at Athens, with the added ‘buboes’ of Bubonic Plague, and an account of autopsies performed by physicians on plague victims), 6.2.14–18 (military medicine and surgery), and 1.16.7 (the infamous description of how the Persians blinded malefactors, reported matter-of-factly). -
Janus Cornarius Éditeur Et Commentateur Du Traité De Galien Sur La Composition Des Médicaments Selon Les Lieux
Janus Cornarius éditeur et commentateur du traité de Galien Sur la composition des médicaments selon les lieux alessia guardasole CNRS Paris The Saxon humanist Janus Cornarius (ca. 1500–1558) devoted himself to edit, translate, and comment the extant works of Galen of Pergamon (129–ca. 216). In this study I deal with the Latin translation and commentary of Galen’s work On the composition of drugs by site, edited by Cornarius (Basel, 1537). Namely, by investigating some passages of Galen’s treatise, my effort is to throw light on Cornarius’ working method, defining which literary and manuscript sources he used to improve and interpret thoroughly Galen’s text. e grand travail philologique qui fit suite à l’ édition princeps des œuvres de LGalien chez les Aldes en 1525 s’ enrichit considérablement avec l’ activité extrêmement féconde de Janus Cornarius1. Après avoir acquis en 1535 l’édition Aldine de Galien, Cornarius consacra son travail d’interprétation aux traités galéniques qui n’avaient pas encore suscité l’intérêt des autres traducteurs, en choisissant premièrement les œuvres sur la respiration en raison de son importance physiologique (rem sine qua vivere non possumus), et deuxièmement sur la procréation2 en raison vraisemblablement des liens doctrinaux que l’on pouvait trouver avec les œuvres d’Hippocrate au sujet de la procréation et des affections de la femme. Notre étude sera consacrée au travail du médecin allemand sur les textes galéniques qui a immédiatement suivi, à savoir l’ édition de prestige dédiée à Albert de Mayence qui contient la traduction des dix livres du traité Sur la composition des médicaments selon les lieux3 (que j’ appellerai désormais Secundum locos), publiée à Bâle chez Froben en 1537 et enrichie de façon tout à fait exceptionnelle par un commentaire continu de l’ouvrage de pharmacologie4, dans lequel Cornarius déploie tout son savoir philologique et médical. -
Hamilton's Forgotten Epidemics
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Ch2olera: Hamilton’s Forgotten Epidemics / D. Ann Herring and Heather T. Battles, editors. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-9782417-4-2 Print catalogue data is available from Library and Archives Canada, at www.collectionscanada.gc.ca Cover Image: Historical City of Hamilton. Published by Rice & Duncan in 1859, drawn by G. Rice. http://map.hamilton.ca/old hamilton.jpg Cover Design: Robert Huang Group Photo: Temara Brown Ch2olera Hamilton’s Forgotten Epidemics D. Ann Herring and Heather T. Battles, editors DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY McMASTER UNIVERSITY Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Contents FIGURES AND TABLES vii Introduction Ch2olera: Hamilton’s Forgotten Epidemics D. Ann Herring and Heather T. Battles 2 2 “From Time Immemorial”: British Imperialism and Cholera in India Diedre Beintema 8 3 Miasma Theory and Medical Paradigms: Shift Happens? Ayla Mykytey 18 4 ‘A Rose by Any Other Name’: Types of Cholera in the 19th Century Thomas Siek 24 5 Doesn’t Anyone Care About the Children? Katlyn Ferrusi 32 6 Changing Waves: The Epidemics of 1832 and 1854 Brianna K. Johns 42 7 Charcoal, Lard, and Maple Sugar: Treating Cholera in the 19th Century S. Lawrence-Nametka 52 iii 8 How Disease Instills Fear into a Population Jacqueline Le 62 9 The Blame Game Andrew Turner 72 10 Virulence Victims in Victorian Hamilton Jodi E. Smillie 80 11 On the Edge of Death: Cholera’s Impact on Surrounding Towns and Hamlets Mackenzie Armstrong 90 12 Avoid Cholera: Practice Cleanliness and Temperance Karolina Grzeszczuk 100 13 New Rules to Battle the Cholera Outbreak Alexandra Saly 108 14 Sanitation in Early Hamilton Nathan G. -
Drinkerdrinker
FREE DRINKERDRINKER Volume 41 No. 3 June/July 2019 The Anglers, Teddington – see page 38 WETHERSPOON OUR PARTNERSHIP WITH CAMRA All CAMRA members receive £20 worth of 50p vouchers towards the price of one pint of real ale or real cider; visit the camra website for further details: camra.org.uk Check out our international craft brewers’ showcase ales, featuring some of the best brewers from around the world, available in pubs each month. Wetherspoon also supports local brewers, over 450 of which are set up to deliver to their local pubs. We run regular guest ale lists and have over 200 beers available for pubs to order throughout the year; ask at the bar for your favourite. CAMRA ALSO FEATURES 243 WETHERSPOON PUBS IN ITS GOOD BEER GUIDE Editorial London Drinker is published on behalf of the how CAMRA’s national and local Greater London branches of CAMRA, the campaigning can work well together. Of Campaign for Real Ale, and is edited by Tony course we must continue to campaign Hedger. It is printed by Cliffe Enterprise, Eastbourne, BN22 8TR. for pubs but that doesn’t mean that we DRINKERDRINKER can’t have fun while we do it. If at the CAMRA is a not-for-profit company limited by guarantee and registered in England; same time we can raise CAMRA’s profile company no. 1270286. Registered office: as a positive, forward-thinking and fun 230 Hatfield Road, St. Albans, organisation to join, then so much the Hertfordshire AL1 4LW. better. Material for publication, Welcome to a including press The campaign will be officially releases, should preferably be sent by ‘Summer of Pub’ e-mail to [email protected]. -
Papéis Normativos E Práticas Sociais
Agnes Ayres (1898-194): Rodolfo Valentino e Agnes Ayres em “The Sheik” (1921) The Donovan Affair (1929) The Affairs of Anatol (1921) The Rubaiyat of a Scotch Highball Broken Hearted (1929) Cappy Ricks (1921) (1918) Bye, Bye, Buddy (1929) Too Much Speed (1921) Their Godson (1918) Into the Night (1928) The Love Special (1921) Sweets of the Sour (1918) The Lady of Victories (1928) Forbidden Fruit (1921) Coals for the Fire (1918) Eve's Love Letters (1927) The Furnace (1920) Their Anniversary Feast (1918) The Son of the Sheik (1926) Held by the Enemy (1920) A Four Cornered Triangle (1918) Morals for Men (1925) Go and Get It (1920) Seeking an Oversoul (1918) The Awful Truth (1925) The Inner Voice (1920) A Little Ouija Work (1918) Her Market Value (1925) A Modern Salome (1920) The Purple Dress (1918) Tomorrow's Love (1925) The Ghost of a Chance (1919) His Wife's Hero (1917) Worldly Goods (1924) Sacred Silence (1919) His Wife Got All the Credit (1917) The Story Without a Name (1924) The Gamblers (1919) He Had to Camouflage (1917) Detained (1924) In Honor's Web (1919) Paging Page Two (1917) The Guilty One (1924) The Buried Treasure (1919) A Family Flivver (1917) Bluff (1924) The Guardian of the Accolade (1919) The Renaissance at Charleroi (1917) When a Girl Loves (1924) A Stitch in Time (1919) The Bottom of the Well (1917) Don't Call It Love (1923) Shocks of Doom (1919) The Furnished Room (1917) The Ten Commandments (1923) The Girl Problem (1919) The Defeat of the City (1917) The Marriage Maker (1923) Transients in Arcadia (1918) Richard the Brazen (1917) Racing Hearts (1923) A Bird of Bagdad (1918) The Dazzling Miss Davison (1917) The Heart Raider (1923) Springtime à la Carte (1918) The Mirror (1917) A Daughter of Luxury (1922) Mammon and the Archer (1918) Hedda Gabler (1917) Clarence (1922) One Thousand Dollars (1918) The Debt (1917) Borderland (1922) The Girl and the Graft (1918) Mrs. -
Movie Mirror Book
WHO’S WHO ON THE SCREEN Edited by C h a r l e s D o n a l d F o x AND M i l t o n L. S i l v e r Published by ROSS PUBLISHING CO., I n c . NEW YORK CITY t y v 3. 67 5 5 . ? i S.06 COPYRIGHT 1920 by ROSS PUBLISHING CO., Inc New York A ll rights reserved | o fit & Vi HA -■ y.t* 2iOi5^ aiblsa TO e host of motion picture “fans” the world ovi a prince among whom is Oswald Swinney Low sley, M. D. this volume is dedicated with high appreciation of their support of the world’s most popular amusement INTRODUCTION N compiling and editing this volume the editors did so feeling that their work would answer a popular demand. I Interest in biographies of stars of the screen has al ways been at high pitch, so, in offering these concise his tories the thought aimed at by the editors was not literary achievement, but only a desire to present to the Motion Picture Enthusiast a short but interesting resume of the careers of the screen’s most popular players, rather than a detailed story. It is the editors’ earnest hope that this volume, which is a forerunner of a series of motion picture publications, meets with the approval of the Motion Picture “ Fan” to whom it is dedicated. THE EDITORS “ The Maples” Greenwich, Conn., April, 1920. whole world is scene of PARAMOUNT ! PICTURES W ho's Who on the Screcti THE WHOLE WORLD IS SCENE OF PARAMOUNT PICTURES With motion picture productions becoming more masterful each year, with such superb productions as “The Copperhead, “Male and Female, Ireasure Island” and “ On With the Dance” being offered for screen presentation, the public is awakening to a desire to know more of where these and many other of the I ara- mount Pictures are made. -
Vol 37 Issue 1.Qxp
EH Forrest 27 Mathurin P, Abdelnour M, Ramond M-J et al. Early change in critical appraisal and meta-analysis of the literature. Crit Care Med bilirubin levels is an important prognostic factor in severe 1995; 23:1430-–9. alcoholic hepatitis treated with prednisolone. Hepatol 2003; 32 Bollaert P-E, Charpentier C, Levy B, Debouvrie M, Audiebert G, 38:1363–9 Larcan, A. Reversal of late septic shock with supraphysiologic 28 Morris JM, Forrest EH. Bilirubin response to corticosteroids in doses of hydrocortisone. Crit Care Med 1998; 26:645–50. alcoholic hepatitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 17:759–62. 33 Staubach K-H, Schroeder J, Stuber F,Gehrke K,Traumann E, Zabel 29 Akriviadis E, Botla R, Briggs W, Han S, Reynolds T, Shakil O. P. Effect of pentoxifylline in severe sepsis: results of a randomised Pentoxifylline improves short term survival in severe alcoholic double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arch Surg 1998; hepatitis: a double blind placebo controlled trial. Gastroenterol 133:94–100. 2000; 119:1637–48. 34 Bacher A, Mayer N, Klimscha W, Oismuller C, Steltzer H, 30 Lefering R, Neugebauer EAM. Steroid controversy in sepsis and Hammerle A. Effects of pentoxifylline on haemodynamics and septic shock: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 1995; 23:1294–303. oxygenation in septic and non-septic patients. Crit Care Med 31 Cronin L, Cook DJ, Carlet J et al. Corticosteroid for sepsis: a 1997; 25:795–800. GENERAL MEDICINE BOOKS YOU SHOULD READ of the spread of cholera across Europe and its eventual spread into The Medical Detective by Sandra England in the early nineteenth Hempel. -
Dossier Pierre Duhem Pierre Duhem's Philosophy and History of Science
Transversal: International Journal for the Historiography of Science , 2 (201 7) 03 -06 ISSN 2526 -2270 www.historiographyofscience.org © The Author s 201 7 — This is an open access article Dossier Pierre Duhem Pierre Duhem’s Philos ophy and History of Science Introduction Fábio Rodrigo Leite 1 Jean-François Stoffel 2 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24117/2526-2270.2017.i2.02 _____________________________________________________________________________ We are pleased to present in this issue a tribute to the thought of Pierre Duhem, on the occasion of the centenary of his death that occurred in 2016. Among articles and book reviews, the dossier contains 14 contributions of scholars from different places across the world, from Europe (Belgium, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Sweden) to the Americas (Brazil, Canada, Mexico and the United States). And this is something that attests to the increasing scope of influence exerted by the French physicist, philosopher and 3 historian. It is quite true that since his passing, Duhem has been remembered in the writings of many of those who knew him directly. However, with very few exceptions (Manville et al. 1927), the comments devoted to him exhibited clear biographical and hagiographic characteristics of a generalist nature (see Jordan 1917; Picard 1921; Mentré 1922a; 1922b; Humbert 1932; Pierre-Duhem 1936; Ocagne et al. 1937). From the 1950s onwards, when the studies on his philosophical work resumed, the thought of the Professor from Bordeaux acquired an irrevocable importance, so that references to La théorie physique: Son objet et sa structure became a common place in the literature of the area. As we know, this recovery was a consequence of the prominence attributed, firstly, to the notorious Duhem-Quine thesis in the English- speaking world, and secondly to the sparse and biased comments made by Popper that generated an avalanche of revaluations of the Popperian “instrumentalist interpretation”. -
As Above, So Below. Astrology and the Inquisition in Seventeenth-Century New Spain
Department of History and Civilization As Above, So Below. Astrology and the Inquisition in Seventeenth-Century New Spain Ana Avalos Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Florence, February 2007 EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE Department of History and Civilization As Above, So Below. Astrology and the Inquisition in Seventeenth-Century New Spain Ana Avalos Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Examining Board: Prof. Peter Becker, Johannes-Kepler-Universität Linz Institut für Neuere Geschichte und Zeitgeschichte (Supervisor) Prof. Víctor Navarro Brotons, Istituto de Historia de la Ciencia y Documentación “López Piñero” (External Supervisor) Prof. Antonella Romano, European University Institute Prof. Perla Chinchilla Pawling, Universidad Iberoamericana © 2007, Ana Avalos No part of this thesis may be copied, reproduced or transmitted without prior permission of the author A Bernardo y Lupita. ‘That which is above is like that which is below and that which is below is like that which is above, to achieve the wonders of the one thing…’ Hermes Trismegistus Contents Acknowledgements 4 Abbreviations 5 Introduction 6 1. The place of astrology in the history of the Scientific Revolution 7 2. The place of astrology in the history of the Inquisition 13 3. Astrology and the Inquisition in seventeenth-century New Spain 17 Chapter 1. Early Modern Astrology: a Question of Discipline? 24 1.1. The astrological tradition 27 1.2. Astrological practice 32 1.3. Astrology and medicine in the New World 41 1.4. -
Now on Cholerad--The Special Lecture in the Second British ,Epidemiology
~~,,~lnalof Epidemiology Vol. 8. No. 4 Oct --- $now on cholerad--The Special Lecture in the second British ,Epidemiology and ...Public Health Course at Kansai .Systems Laboratory dn 24 AIJ~S~I968 - .- -- .-- -- - " -- Shinichi Tan'ihara ', Seiji Morioka 2, Kazunori Kodama 3, Tsutomu Hashimoto 2, Hiroshi Yanagawa I, and Walter W Holland TheSecond British Epidemiology and Public Health Course was held from 19 to 25 August 1996 in Osaka as a satellite meeting for the 14th lnternational Scientific Meeting of the lnternational Epidemiological Association. Thirty-three researchers from 10 countries participated in the course. Professor Walter W Holland gave a special lecture about Snow on cholera during the course, and the lecture revealed that Henry Whitehead who was a junior priest at that time contributed to Snow's work to prevent the cholera outbreak in Golden Square in 1854. What John Snow did in his life are reviewed in detail in this paper J Epiderniol, 1998 ; 8 : 185-1 94. -3 John Snow, cholera, Henry Whitehead, British Course After the success of the First British Epidemiology and as my first lecture to my students. I think almost all the Public Health Course in 1994 I). the \econd course was Japanese professors of epidemiology or publlc health would planned. The organising committee for the course (see Table Like to speak about John Snow in their lectures. I regret that in 1) was able to prepare it from 19 August to 25 August 1996 in the first course, I missed his lecture. But today, I can listeihto Osaka, just bel'ore the 14th International Scientific Meeting for the lecw from fust to last. -
The Ghost Map: the Story of London’S Most Terrifying Epidemic and How It Changed Science, Cities, and the Modern World by Steven Johnson
Welcome to our April book, Historians! We will meet on Tuesday, April 3 at 6:30 to discuss The Ghost Map: The Story of London’s Most Terrifying Epidemic and How It Changed Science, Cities, and the Modern World by Steven Johnson. This is the story of the cholera outbreak in Victorian London in 1854. The book centers on Dr. John Snow who created a map of the cholera cases and the Reverend Henry Whitehead who knew the community through his church work and who was able to use this “social intelligence” to figure out the source of the outbreak, the now infamous water pump on Broad Street. In The Ghost Map, we meet these men and the victims and medical workers, both named and unnamed, who worked to stop a disease that no one understood or understood how it spread. Fighting disease in a densely populated urban environment was a new development in medicine. With two and one-half million inhabitants, no city in history had been as large as London is in 1854. When a disease like cholera hits, the results are devastating. As Johnson explains, cholera acts swiftly upon the body. People can die in as fast as twelve hours as cholera causes you to lose the water in your body. Sadly, because the water keeping your brain hydrated is the last water to disappear, victims are consciously dying, fully aware of their circumstances. The medical community believes that cholera is spread by bad air, what is called the miasma theory. Snow and Whitehead provide the evidence that cholera is spread by bad water, but the medical community is slow to accept the evidence, even when shutting down the Broad Street water pump ends the epidemic. -
One of the Most Celebrated Physics Experiments of the 20Th Cent
Not Only Because of Theory: Dyson, Eddington and the Competing Myths of the 1919 Eclipse Expedition Introduction One of the most celebrated physics experiments of the 20th century, a century of many great breakthroughs in physics, took place on May 29th, 1919 in two remote equatorial locations. One was the town of Sobral in northern Brazil, the other the island of Principe off the west coast of Africa. The experiment in question concerned the problem of whether light rays are deflected by gravitational forces, and took the form of astrometric observations of the positions of stars near the Sun during a total solar eclipse. The expedition to observe the eclipse proved to be one of those infrequent, but recurring, moments when astronomical observations have overthrown the foundations of physics. In this case it helped replace Newton’s Law of Gravity with Einstein’s theory of General Relativity as the generally accepted fundamental theory of gravity. It also became, almost immediately, one of those uncommon occasions when a scientific endeavor captures and holds the attention of the public throughout the world. In recent decades, however, questions have been raised about possible bias and poor judgment in the analysis of the data taken on that famous day. It has been alleged that the best known astronomer involved in the expedition, Arthur Stanley Eddington, was so sure beforehand that the results would vindicate Einstein’s theory that, for unjustifiable reasons, he threw out some of the data which did not agree with his preconceptions. This story, that there was something scientifically fishy about one of the most famous examples of an experimentum crucis in the history of science, has now become well known, both amongst scientists and laypeople interested in science.