DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, FIRST HALFYEAR 2019: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 19 December 2019

Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities

National borders: GADM, November 2015b; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015a; incid- ent data: ACLED, 14 December 2019; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, FIRST HALFYEAR 2019: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 19 DECEMBER 2019

Contents Conflict incidents by category

Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Violence against civilians 424 187 765 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 394 253 1200 Development of conflict incidents from June 2017 to June 2019 2 Protests 188 1 1 Strategic developments 132 0 0 Methodology 3 Riots 111 32 58 Conflict incidents per province 4 Explosions / Remote 2 1 2 violence Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 1251 474 2026 Disclaimer 6 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 14 December 2019).

Development of conflict incidents from June 2017 to June 2019

This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 14 December 2019).

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Methodology on what level of detail is reported. Thus, towns may represent the wider region in which an incident occured, or the provincial capital may be used if only the province The data used in this report was collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event is known. Erroneous location data, especially due to identical place names, cannot Data Project (ACLED). ACLED collects data on reported conflict events in selected be fully excluded. African and Asian countries, Democratic Republic of Congo being among them. ACLED researchers collect event data from a variety of sources and code them by Note on the DR Congo: The maps display the former administrative boundaries. date, location, agent, and event type. The provinces displayed have been split in smaller provinces.

Most of the data collected by ACLED is gathered based on publicly available, Incidents comprise the following categories: battles, headquarters or bases es- secondary reports. It may therefore underestimate the volume of events. Fatality tablished, non-violent strategic activities, riots/protests, violence against civilians, data particularly is vulnerable to bias and inaccurate reporting, and ACLED states non-violent transfer of territory, remote violence. For details on these categories, to use the most conservative estimate available. ACLED uses the reports’ context please see to estimate fatalities for events with reported fatalities for which the exact number is unknown (“10” for plural fatalities, “100” if “hundreds” are mentioned, etc.). • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict For further details on ACLED and for the full data, see www.acleddata.com and Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook; ACLED - ASIA, 2015 Raleigh; Linke; Hegre, and Karlsen, 2010. http://www.acleddata.com/wp- content/uploads/2015/07/ACLED_ Codebook_2015_ASIA-CR.pdf Based on this data, the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD) compiles updates on conflict incidents and pub- • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict lishes them on ecoi.net to offer another access point to the ACLED datasets. Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook (2019), 10 April 2019 https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2017/10/ It is advised to employ extreme caution when using fatality numbers. ACLED_Codebook_2019FINAL_pbl.pdf

Assessments of the security situation should not be based solely on quantitative • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict analysis of event data. Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) User Quick Guide, April 2019 https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2019/04/ Geographic map data is primarily based on GADM, complemented with other General-User-Guide_FINAL.pdf sources if necessary. Incidents are mapped to GADM provinces using the provinces in ACLED data. Province names and borders may differ between ACLED and GADM. Incidents that could not be located are ignored. The numbers included in this overview might therefore differ from the original ACLED data. ACLED uses varying degrees of geographic precision for the individual incidents, depending

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Conflict incidents per province In Bas-Congo, 13 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Kasangulu, Lukula, Matadi, Moanda, Tshela. Number of Number of Number of Province incidents with incidents fatalities fatalities In Kasaï-Occidental, 47 incidents killing 60 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Bena-Leka, Bukondo, Demba, Kabwe, Bandundu 17 2 4 Kamako, Kamenga, Kamonia, Kamuandu, Kananga, Luebo, Lueta, Mulemba, Bas-Congo 13 1 1 Mutshima, Nganza, Tshikala, Tshikapa, Tshimbulu. Kasaï-Occidental 47 10 60 Kasaï-Oriental 23 3 7 In Kasaï-Oriental, 23 incidents killing 7 people were reported. The following Katanga 51 8 15 locations were among the affected: Gandajika, Hianga, Lodja, Lubao, Lusambo, Mbuji Mayi, Mwene Ditu, Ngandanjika. Kinshasa City 68 4 53 Kivu 822 359 1239 In Katanga, 51 incidents killing 15 people were reported. The following locations Orientale 206 87 647 were among the affected: Bendera, Kalemie, Kaniola, Kapolowe, Kasebu, Équateur 4 0 0 Kasumbalesa, Kolwezi, Kongolo, Lambo Katenga, Lubumbashi, Muhala, Mulange, Pweto, Ruashi.

Localization of conflict incidents In Kinshasa City, 68 incidents killing 53 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Gombe, Kinshasa, Limete, Yaki.

Note: The following list is an overview of the incident data included in the ACLED In Kivu, 822 incidents killing 1239 people were reported. The following locations dataset. More details are available in the actual dataset (date, location data, event were among the affected: Apetinasana, Atokaka, Bambu, Bandinguya, type, involved actors, information sources, etc.). The data’s precision varies among Baraka, , Bihve, Binja, Biziba, Boikene, Bovata, Buabo, Bugamba, the incidents: a town may represent a region, or the provincial capital may be Bugomba, Buguri, Buhuri, Bukavu, Bukombo, Bulambika, Bulambo, used if the precise location of an incident is unkown. In the following list, the names Bulengera, Bulima, Bulinga, Buloli, Bunduguya, Bunyakiri, Bunyangula, of event locations are taken from ACLED, while the administrative region names Bunyereza, Buramba, Burambo, Burhini, Burungu, Busalali, Busanza, are taken from GADM data which serves as the basis for the maps above. Buseregenya, Bushwira, Busumba, Butaro, , Buvira, Bwesho, Bwindi, Bwito, Chumirwa, Cibanda, Cifunzi, Eringiti, Faringa, Fizi, Gawa, Gisiza, In Bandundu, 17 incidents killing 4 people were reported. The following locations , Hembe, Ifofa, Ihula, Iseke, Itolero, Kabambare, Kabasha, Kabembwe, were among the affected: Bandundu, Bulungu, Gungu, Idiofa, Kikwit, Kabere, Kabikokole, Kabushwa, Kacungwe, Kafulo, Kagabi, Kagunga, Masi-Manimba, Ndjili, Yumbi. Kahanda, Kahira, Kahunga, Kahungu, Kahuzi-Biega National Park, Kainama

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II & III, Kakombe, Kakomero, Kakozi, Kakuku I, Kalehe, Kalengera, Kalonge, Rukoro, Rutara, Rutare, Rutemba, Rutobogo, , Ruvungi, , Kalungwe, Kamango, Kambake, Kambale, Kambegeti, Kamituga, Kamombo, Rwangoma, Samba, Sange, Sango, Shabunda, Shibo, Showa, Supa, Swima, Kampala, Kamuhororo, Kanake, Kanga, Kaniro, Kantine, Kantine-Loya, Tachinid, Tchanga, Tchanitchani, Tchankindo, Tienamo, Tongo, Tubimbi, Kanyabayonga, Kanyatsi, Kanyeshongo, Kanyisongo, Karambi, Karambo, Uvira, Virunga National Park, Vitshumbi, Vuhovi, Vusahiro, Vusamba, Karuba, Kasaka, Kaseghe, Kasha, Kasheke, Kashewe, Kashingo, Kashwa, Vusande, Walikale, Walungu, Watalinga, Yadema, Ziralo. , Kasinga, Kasiwi, Kasoko, Katale, Katana, Katembele, Katenga, Katiri, Katogota, Katongo, Katubiro, Katwa, Katwiguru II, Kausa, Kavimvira, Kayna, In Orientale, 206 incidents killing 647 people were reported. The following Kazimia, Keya, Kibanda, Kibanga, Kibati, Kibende, Kibirangiro, Kididiwe, locations were among the affected: Aaru, Ango Muke, Ariwara, Aveba, Kigoma, Kigongo, Kigulube, Kihinga, Kikere, Kikonde, Kikuku, Kikumba, Bafwasende, Bakpolo, Bambangana, Bambu, Banda, Bandueli, Basoko, Kiliba, Kilondo, Kimbulu, Kimoka, Kimoto, Kindu, Kingarabe, Kinyambahore, Biakato, Bili, Bilikwa, Blukwa, Bulonga, Bulumasi, Bunia, Buta, Dedebu, Kinyumba, Kiringi, Kiringye, Kiriva, Kirumba, Kirumbu, Kiryama, Kisalala, Dembele, Dhendro, Dhi, Digba, Djatsi, Djugu, Dungu, Durba, Duru, Geti, Gina, Kiseguru, Kisha, Kishagala, Kishishi, Kisiki, Kisombe, Kitalaga, Kitalimwe, Gitele, Ingbokolo, Irumu, Isiro, Iyolo, Jiba, Jiro, Joo, Kabondo, Kalo, Kana, Kitarama, Kitasha, Kitchanga, Kitemesho, Kiteraga, Kitevya, Kithevya, Kitindi, Kapili, Kirundu, Kisangani, Kpaika, Kpandroma, Kpangali, Kulugbangu, Kitokolu, Kitsambiro, Kitu, Kitumbiro, Kitunda, Kivuye, Kiwanja, Kokola I, Largu, Laudjo, Limai, Linga, Lowa, Lukaya, Mabadabada, Mabia, Madi, Kudukudu, Kukwe, Kunda, Kungubamba, Kyambogho, Kyanika, Kyavinyonge, Mahagi, Mambasa, Mandro, Mangobo, Masimango, Mobali, Monga, Kyuto, Lake Edward, Lisasa, Loashi, Lubero, Lubondja, Lukanga, Luke, Mongbwalu, Muchaliko, Mugalie, Nabakpa, Nawenengwe, Nayule, Ndrele, Lukopfu, Lukweti, Lungomangoma, Lusenda, Lusenge, Lusogha, Luvungi, Ngakpa, Ngilima, Ngoloni, Niangara, Nyakunde, Nyamamba, Pangu, Parka, Lwama, Lwamba, Lwibo, Mabalako, Maboya, Magunda, Makeke, Makiki, Pimbo, Samboko, Samungu, Some, Songolo, Tadra, Tara, Tche, Terali, Makumbo, Makyaka, Malando, Maleki, Malolu, Mamove, Mamunjoma, Tondoli, Tshabi, Tshopo, Tsukpa, Ubundu, Wasa Wago Forest, Yabwa, Mangboko, Mangwa, Manzanza, Mapela, Mapera, Mapiki, Mapobu, Masisi, Yakamba, Yamokolo, Ze, Zibiti. Masulikwede, Mataba, Mavivi, Mavono, Maya, Mayangose, Mayi Safi, Mayimoya, Mbau, Mbitali, Mbobero, Mboko, Mbughavinywa, Mbuhi-Pilote, In Équateur, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations Mbume, Mengo, Mianja, Mighobwe, Mihanda, Mikenge, Minembwe, Minova, were among the affected: Gbadolite, Kungu, Mbandaka. Miriki, Mirumba, Misisi, Mokoto, Mount Ndombi, Mubambiro, Mubere, Muhangi, Muhani, Muheta, Muhungu, Mujangala, Mukera, Mulamba, Mulenge, Mulima, Mulobia, Mulolya, Mulongwe, Mundiba, Munene, Murambi, Musayi, Musenyi, Museya, Mushingi, Musienene, Mutanda, Mutarule, Mutuza, Mwalika, Mwenga, Mweso, Nakiliba, Narunanga, Ndama, Ndosho, Ngane, Ngeleza, Ngendo, Ngite, Ngokwe, Ngolombe, Ngora, Ngugo, Nguku, Nkangi, Numbi, Nundu, Nyabiondo, Nyabirehe, Nyakahanda, Nyakakoma, Nyamilima, Nyamugali, Nyangoma, Nyanzale, Nyiragongo, Nyombe, , Opira I, Pabuka, Ramba, Rizeri, Rubare, Rubaya, Rugari, Rugenge, Rugogwe,

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Sources please see the ecoi.net blog posts tagged with “ACLED”. The lack of information on an event in this report does not permit the inference that it did not take place. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Africa (Data through The boundaries and names displayed do not imply endorsement or acceptance 14 December 2019), 14 December 2019 by the Austrian Red Cross. https://www.acleddata.com/download/2909/

• GADM – Global Administrative Areas: COD_adm.zip, Version 2.8, November Cite as 2015a http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/shp/COD_adm.zip • ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation: Democratic Republic of Congo, first halfyear 2019: Update • GADM – Global Administrative Areas: gadm28_levels.shp, Version 2.8, on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project November 2015b (ACLED), 19 December 2019 http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/gadm28_levels.shp.zip

• Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew; Hegre, Håvard, and Karlsen, Joakim: “In- troducing ACLED-Armed Conflict Location and Event Data”, in: Journal of Peace Research (47(5) 2010 ), pp. 651–660 http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/5/651.full.pdf+html

• Smith, Walter H. F. and Wessel, Paul: Global Self-consistent Hierarchical High-resolution Geography (GSHHG), Version 2.3.4, 1 May 2015 https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/data/gshhg/latest/

Disclaimer

Event data may be revised or complemented in future updates. Updates in ACLED’s datasets will not necessarily be reflected in ACCORD’s reports if the update occurs close to or after the latter’s publication. Changes in the sources used by ACLEDto collect incident data might affect the comparability of data over time. For more information on ACLED’s methodology, please see www.acleddata.com/resources/ methodology/. For more information on ACCORD’s products based on the data,

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