Pt. 565 49 CFR Ch. V (10–1–11 Edition)

Type 2C1 Dimensional Informa- vehicle identification number (VIN) tion [SAE J1383 APR85, Figure 8] system and its installation to simplify Type 2D1 Headlamp Dimensional Informa- vehicle identification information re- tion [SAE J1383 APR85, Figure 5] Type 2E1 Headlamp Dimensional Informa- trieval and to increase the accuracy tion [SAE J1383 APR85, Figure 15] and efficiency of vehicle recall cam- Types 1A1, 2A1, and 2E1 Headlamp Mounting paigns. Ring/Lamp Body Dimensional Information [SAE J1383 APR85, Figure 12] § 565.2 Application. Type 2B1 Headlamp Mounting Ring/Lamp Body Dimensional Information [SAE J1383 (a)(1) Except as provided in para- APR85, Figure 14] graph (a)(2) of this section, subpart B Types 1C1and 2C1 Headlamp Mounting Ring/ of this part 565 applies to passenger Lamp Body Dimensional Information [SAE , multipurpose passenger vehicles, J1383 APR85, Figure 9] , buses, trailers (including trail- Type 2D1 Headlamp Mounting Ring/Lamp Body Dimensional Information [SAE J1383 er kits), incomplete vehicles, low speed APR85, Figure 6] vehicles, and motorcycles manufac- tured on or after October 27, 2008 whose PART 565—VEHICLE IDENTIFICA- VINs have a letter ‘‘A’’ or ‘‘B’’ in the TION NUMBER (VIN) REQUIRE- 10th position, and to passenger cars, MENTS multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, trailers (including trail- Subpart A—General Applicability of er kits), incomplete vehicles, low speed Subparts vehicles, and motorcycles manufac- tured on or after April 30, 2009. Vehi- Sec. cles imported into the United States 565.1 Purpose and scope. under 49 CFR 591.5(f), other than by the 565.2 Application. corporation responsible for the assem- Subpart B—VIN Requirements bly of that vehicle or a subsidiary of such a corporation, are excluded from 565.10 Purpose and scope. requirements of §§ 565.13(b), 565.13(c), 565.11 Applicability. 565.12 Definitions. 565.13(g), 565.13(h), 565.14 and 565.15. 565.13 General requirements. (2) All motor vehicles identified as 565.14 Motor vehicles imported into the model year 2009 or earlier vehicles by United States. their manufacturer must comply with 565.15 Content requirements. subpart C of this part 565. 565.16 Reporting requirements. (b) Subpart B of this part 565 applies Subpart C—Alternative VIN Requirements to vehicles manufactured on or after In Effect for Limited Period April 30, 2008 and before April 30, 2009, whose vehicle identification number 565.20 Purpose and scope. (VIN) does not have a letter ‘‘A’’ or 565.21 Applicability. 565.22 Definitions. ‘‘B’’ in the 10th position of the VIN and 565.23 General requirements. that are not identified as model year 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into the 2009 or earlier vehicles by their manu- United States. facturer. 565.25 Content requirements. 565.26 Reporting requirements. [73 FR 28370, May 16, 2008] AUTHORITY: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115, 30117, 30141, 30146, 30166, and 30168; delegation of au- Subpart B—VIN Requirements thority at 49 CFR 1.50.

SOURCE: 73 FR 23379, Apr. 30, 2008, unless § 565.10 Purpose and scope. otherwise noted. This part specifies the format, con- tent and physical requirements for a Subpart A—General Applicability vehicle identification number (VIN) of Subparts system and its installation to simplify vehicle identification information re- § 565.1 Purpose and scope. trieval and to increase the accuracy This part specifies the format, con- and efficiency of vehicle recall cam- tent and physical requirements for a paigns.

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§ 565.11 Applicability. (f) Incomplete vehicle means an assem- blage consisting, as a minimum, of See subpart A of this part 565 regard- frame and structure, power ing the general applicability of this train, steering system, suspension sys- subpart. This part applies to passenger tem and braking system, to the extent cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, that those systems are to be part of the trucks, buses, trailers (including trail- completed vehicle, that requires fur- er kits), incomplete vehicles, low speed ther manufacturing operations, other vehicles, and motorcycles manufac- than the addition of readily attachable tured on or after October 27, 2008 whose components, such as mirrors or VINs have a letter ‘‘A’’ or ‘‘B’’ in the and rim assemblies, or minor finishing 10th position, and to passenger cars, operations such as painting, to become multipurpose passenger vehicles, a completed vehicle. trucks, buses, trailers (including trail- (g) Line means a name that a manu- er kits), incomplete vehicles, low speed facturer applies to a family of vehicles vehicles, and motorcycles manufac- within a make which have a degree of tured on or after April 30 2009 that are commonality in construction, such as not identified by their manufacturer as body, chassis or cab type. model year 2009 or earlier vehicles. Ve- (h) Low-volume manufacturer, for pur- hicles imported into the United States poses of this part, means a manufac- under 49 CFR 591.5(f), other than by the turer of fewer than 1,000 vehicles of a corporation responsible for the assem- given type each year. bly of that vehicle or a subsidiary of (i) Make means a name that a manu- such a corporation, are excluded from facturer applies to a group of vehicles requirements of §§ 565.13(b), 565.13(c), or engines. 565.13(g), 565.13(h), 565.14 and § 565.15. (j) Manufacturer means a person— [73 FR 23379, Apr. 30, 2008, as amended at 73 (1) Manufacturing or assembling FR 28371, May 16, 2008] motor vehicles or motor vehicle equip- ment; or § 565.12 Definitions. (2) Importing motor vehicles or (a) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Stand- motor vehicle equipment for resale. ards Definitions. Unless otherwise indi- (k) Manufacturer identifier means the cated, all terms used in this part that first three digits of a VIN of a vehicle are defined in 49 CFR 571.3 are used as manufactured by a high-volume manu- defined in 49 CFR 571.3. facturer, and the first three digits of a (b) Body type means the general con- VIN and the twelfth through four- figuration or shape of a vehicle distin- teenth digits of a VIN of a vehicle man- guished by such characteristics as the ufactured by a low-volume manufac- number of doors or windows, cargo-- turer. rying features and the roofline (e.g., (l) Model means a name that a manu- sedan, fastback, hatchback). facturer applies to a family of vehicles (c) Check digit means a single number of the same type, make, line, series and or the letter X used to verify the accu- body type. racy of the transcription of the vehicle (m) Model year means the year used identification number. to designate a discrete vehicle model, (d) Engine type means a power source irrespective of the calendar year in with defined characteristics such as which the vehicle was actually pro- fuel utilized, number of cylinders, dis- duced, provided that the production pe- placement, and net brake horsepower. riod does not exceed 24 months. The specific manufacturer and make (n) Plant of manufacture means the shall be represented if the engine pow- plant where the manufacturer affixes ers a passenger car or a multipurpose the VIN. passenger vehicle, or with a (o) Series means a name that a manu- gross vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg facturer applies to a subdivision of a (10,000 lb) or less. ‘‘line’’ denoting price, size or weight (e) High-volume manufacturer, for pur- identification and that is used by the poses of this part, means a manufac- manufacturer for marketing purposes. turer of 1,000 or more vehicles of a (p) Trailer kit means a trailer that is given type each year. fabricated and delivered in complete

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but unassembled form and that is de- the VIN subject to this paragraph shall signed to be assembled without special have a minimum height of 4 mm. machinery or tools. (g) Each character in each VIN shall (q) Type means a class of vehicle dis- be one of the letters in the set: tinguished by common traits, including [ABCDEFGHJKLMNPRSTUVWXYZ] or design and purpose. Passenger cars, a numeral in the set: [0123456789] as- multipurpose passenger vehicles, signed according to the method given trucks, buses, trailers, incomplete ve- in § 565.15. hicles, low speed vehicles, and motor- (h) All spaces provided for in the VIN cycles are separate types. must be occupied by a character speci- (r) VIN means a series of Arabic num- fied in paragraph (g) of this section. bers and Roman letters that is assigned (i) The type face utilized for each to a motor vehicle for identification VIN shall consist of capital, sanserif purposes. characters. [73 FR 23379, Apr. 30, 2008, as amended at 74 § 565.13 General requirements. FR 67977, Dec. 22, 2009] (a) Each vehicle manufactured in one stage shall have a VIN that is assigned § 565.14 Motor vehicles imported into by the manufacturer. Each vehicle the United States. manufactured in more than one stage (a) Importers shall utilize the VIN as- shall have a VIN assigned by the in- signed by the original manufacturer of complete vehicle manufacturer. Vehi- the motor vehicle. cle alterers, as specified in 49 CFR (b) All passenger cars, multipurpose 567.7, shall utilize the VIN assigned by passenger vehicles, low speed vehicles the original manufacturer of the vehi- and trucks of 4536 kg or less GVWR cer- cle. tified by a Registered Importer under (b) Each VIN shall consist of seven- 49 CFR part 592 whose VINs do not teen (17) characters. comply with part 565.13 and 565.14 shall (c) A check digit shall be part of each have a plate or label that contains the VIN. The check digit shall appear in following statement, in characters that position nine (9) of the VIN, on the ve- have a minimum height of 4 mm and hicle and on any transfer documents the identification number assigned by containing the VIN prepared by the the vehicle’s original manufacturer in- manufacturer to be given to the first serted in the blank: SUBSTITUTE FOR owner for purposes other than resale. U.S. VIN: lllll SEE 49 CFR PART (d) The VINs of any two vehicles sub- 565. The plate or label shall conform to ject to the Federal motor vehicle safe- § 565.13 (h) and (i). The plate or label ty standards and manufactured within shall be permanently affixed inside the a 60-year period beginning with the 1980 passenger compartment. The plate or model year shall not be identical. label shall be readable, without moving (e) The VIN of each vehicle shall ap- any part of the vehicle, through the ve- pear clearly and indelibly upon either a hicle glazing under daylight conditions part of the vehicle, other than the glaz- by an observer having 20/20 vision ing, that is not designed to be removed (Snellen) whose eye-point is located except for repair or upon a separate outside the vehicle adjacent to the left plate or label that is permanently af- . It shall be located in fixed to such a part. such a manner as not to cover, obscure, (f) The VIN for passenger cars, multi- or overlay any part of any identifica- purpose passenger vehicles, low speed tion number affixed by the original vehicles, and trucks of 4536 kg or less manufacturer. Motor vehicles con- GVWR shall be located inside the pas- forming to Canada Motor Vehicle Safe- senger compartment. It shall be read- ty Standard 115 are exempt from this able, without moving any part of the paragraph. vehicle, through the vehicle glazing under daylight lighting conditions by § 565.15 Content requirements. an observer having 20/20 vision (a) The first section shall consist of (Snellen) whose eye-point is located three characters that occupy positions outside the vehicle adjacent to the left one through three (1–3) in the VIN. windshield pillar. Each character in This section shall uniquely identify the

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manufacturer and type of the motor TABLE I—TYPE OF VEHICLE AND INFORMATION vehicle if the manufacturer is a high- DECIPHERABLE—Continued volume manufacturer. If the manufac- turer is a low-volume manufacturer, Truck: Make, model or line, series, chassis, positions one through three (1–3) along cab type, engine type, brake system, gross with positions twelve through fourteen vehicle weight rating, and for trucks with a (12–14) in the VIN shall uniquely iden- gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of tify the manufacturer and type of the 4536 kg (10,000 lb) or less all restraint de- motor vehicle. These characters are as- vices and their location. signed in accordance with § 565.16(a). A Bus: Make, model or line, series, body type, ‘‘9’’ shall be placed in the third posi- engine type, and brake system. Trailer, including trailer kits and incomplete tion of the VIN if the manufacturer trailer: Make, type of trailer, body type, identifier is six characters. A ‘‘9’’ in length and axle configuration. the third position always indicates the Motorcycle: Make, type of motorcycle, line, presence of a six-character manufac- engine type, and net brake horsepower. turer identifier. The National Highway Incomplete vehicle other than a trailer: Make, Traffic Safety Administration offers model or line, series, cab type, engine access to manufacturer identifier as- type, and brake system. signments via its search engine at the Low speed vehicle: Make, engine type, brake following Internet Web site: http:// system, restraint system type, body type, www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/manufac- and gross vehicle weight rating. ture. Note to Table I: Engine net brake horse- (b) The second section shall consist power when encoded in the VIN shall differ of five characters, which occupy posi- by no more than 10 percent from the ac- tions four through eight (4–8) in the tual net brake horsepower; shall in the VIN. This section shall uniquely iden- case of motorcycle with an actual net tify the attributes of the vehicle as brake horsepower of 2 or less, be not specified in Table I. For passenger cars, more than 2; and shall be greater than 2 in and for multipurpose passenger vehi- the case of a motorcycle with an actual cles and trucks with a gross vehicle brake horsepower greater than 2. weight rating of 4536 kg (10,000 lb) or less, the fourth character (position 7) TABLE II—GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING of this section shall be alphabetic. The CLASSES characters utilized and their placement within the section may be determined by the manufacturer, but the specified Class A—Not greater than 1360 kg. (3,000 attributes must be decipherable with lbs.) Class B—Greater than 1360 kg. to 1814 kg. information supplied by the manufac- (3,001–4,000 lbs.) turer in accordance with § 565.16(c). In Class C—Greater than 1814 kg. to 2268 kg. submitting the required information to (4,001–5,000 lbs.) NHTSA relating gross vehicle weight Class D—Greater than 2268 kg. to 2722 kg. rating, the designations in Table II (5,001–6,000 lbs.) shall be used. The use of these designa- Class E—Greater than 2722 kg. to 3175 kg. tions within the VIN itself is not re- (6,001–7,000 lbs.) quired. Tables I and II follow: Class F—Greater than 3175 kg. to 3629 kg. (7,001–8,000 lbs.) ABLE I—TYPE OF VEHICLE AND INFORMATION T Class G—Greater than 3629 kg. to 4082 kg. DECIPHERABLE (8,001–9,000 lbs.) Class H—Greater than 4082 kg. to 4536 kg. Passenger car: Make, line, series, body type, (9,001–10,000 lbs.) engine type, and all restraint devices and Class 3—Greater than 4536 kg. to 6350 kg. their location. (10,001–14,000 lbs.) Multipurpose passenger vehicle: Make, line, Class 4—Greater than 6350 kg. to 7257 kg. series, body type, engine type, gross vehi- (14,001–16,000 lbs.) cle weight rating, and for multipurpose pas- Class 5—Greater than 7257 kg. to 8845 kg. senger vehicles with a gross vehicle weight (16,001–19,500 lbs.) rating (GVWR) of 4536kg (10,000 lb) or Class 6—Greater than 8845 kg. to 11793 kg. less all restraint devices and their location. (19,501–26,000 lbs.)

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TABLE II—GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING TABLE III—ASSIGNED VALUES—Continued CLASSES—Continued V = 5 Class 7—Greater than 11793 kg. to 14968 W = 6 kg.(26,001–33,000 lbs.) X = 7 Class 8—Greater than 14968 kg. (33,001 lbs. Y = 8 and over) Z = 9

(c) The third section shall consist of (2) Multiply the assigned value for one character, which occupies position each character in the VIN by the posi- nine (9) in the VIN. This section shall tion weight factor specified in Table be the check digit whose purpose is to IV, as follows: provide a means for verifying the accu- racy of any VIN transcription. After all TABLE IV—VIN POSITION AND WEIGHT FACTOR other characters in VIN have been de- termined by the manufacturer, the 1st ...... 8 check digit shall be calculated by car- 2d ...... 7 rying out the mathematical computa- 3d ...... 6 tion specified in paragraphs (c) (1) 4th ...... 5 through (4) of this section. 5th ...... 4 (1) Assign to each number in the VIN 6th ...... 3 its actual mathematical value and as- 7th ...... 2 sign to each letter the value specified 8th ...... 10 for it in Table III, as follows: 9th ...... (check digit) TABLE III—ASSIGNED VALUES 10th ...... 9 11th ...... 8 12th ...... 7 A = 1 13th ...... 6 B = 2 14th ...... 5 C = 3 D = 4 15th ...... 4 E = 5 16th ...... 3 F = 6 17th ...... 2 G = 7 H = 8 (3) Add the resulting products and di- J = 1 vide the total by 11. K = 2 (4) The check digit is based on either L = 3 the Fractional Remainder or the Dec- M = 4 imal Equivalent Remainder as re- N = 5 flected in Table V. All Decimal Equiva- P = 7 lent Remainders in Table V are round- R = 9 ed to the nearest thousandth. The S = 2 check digit, zero through nine (0–9) or T = 3 the letter ‘‘X’’ shall appear in VIN po- U = 4 sition nine (9).

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ALUES V IGIT D HECK C OSITION P INTH [Rounded to the nearest thousandth] V—N ABLE T Fractional Remainder...... Remainder...... Digit...... 10/11 Equivalent Fractional 0 1/11 2/11 3/11 4/11 5/11 6/11 7/11 8/11 9/11 0 0.091 0.182 0.273 0.364 0.455 0.545 0.634 0.727 0.818 0.909 X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Decimal Check

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(5) A sample check digit calculation is shown in Table VI as follows:

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IGIT D HECK C ALCULATION OF A VI—C ABLE T signed value times weight factor ...... 8 49 24 5 32 15 18 80 0 45 56 7 6 40 12 2 Add products: 8+49+24+5+32+15+18+80+0+45+56+7+6+40+12+12+2 = 411. Divide by 11: 411/11 = 37 4/11 or 37.3636. If the fourth digit is 5 or greater, round up. 4 smaller, down. In the example above, remainder is 4/11 or 0.364 when rounded up. Looking up the remainder in Table V—Ninth Position Check Digit Values indicates that ‘‘4’’ is check digit to be inserted Vin Position...... VIN...... Vin Value 1 7 4 8 5 9 Sample Factor.. 5 7 1 8 3 4 H 1 H 5 9 A G 4 2 1 G 1 8 3 4 5 Assigned 3 4 5 Weight 10 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 6 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 7 Multiply As- 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 calculation.

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(d) The fourth section shall consist of manufacturer in the production process eight characters, which occupy posi- if the manufacturer is a high-volume tions ten through seventeen (10–17) of manufacturer. If a manufacturer is a the VIN. The last five (5) characters of low-volume manufacturer, the third, this section shall be numeric for pas- fourth, and fifth characters of the senger cars and for multipurpose pas- fourth section (positions 12, 13, and 14), senger vehicles and trucks with a gross combined with the three characters of vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg. (10,000 the first section (positions 1, 2, and 3), lbs.) or less, and the last four (4) char- shall uniquely identify the manufac- acters shall be numeric for all other ve- turer and type of the motor vehicle and hicles. the sixth, seventh, and eighth char- (1) The first character of the fourth acters of the fourth section (positions section shall represent the vehicle 15, 16, and 17) shall represent the num- model year. The year shall be des- ber sequentially assigned by the manu- ignated as indicated in Table VII as facturer in the production process. follows: § 565.16 Reporting requirements. TABLE VII—YEAR CODES FOR VIN The information collection require- Year Code ments contained in this part have been approved by the Office of Management 2005 ...... 5 and Budget under the provisions of the 2006 ...... 6 2007 ...... 7 Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 2008 ...... 8 3501 et seq) and have been assigned OMB 2009 ...... 9 Control Number 2127–0510. 2010 ...... A 2011 ...... B (a) The National Highway Traffic 2012 ...... C Safety Administration (NHTSA) has 2013 ...... D contracted with the SAE International 2014 ...... E 2015 ...... F to coordinate the assignment of manu- 2016 ...... G facturer identifiers to manufacturers 2017 ...... H in the United States. Manufacturer 2018 ...... J 2019 ...... K identifiers will be supplied by SAE at 2020 ...... L no charge. All requests for assignments 2021 ...... M of manufacturer identifiers should be 2022 ...... N 2023 ...... P forwarded directly to: SAE Inter- 2024 ...... R national, 400 Commonwealth Drive, 2025 ...... S Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 15096, At- 2026 ...... T 2027 ...... V tention: WMI Coordinator (telephone: 2028 ...... W 724–776–4841). Any requests for identi- 2029 ...... X fiers submitted to NHTSA will be for- 2030 ...... Y 2031 ...... 1 warded to SAE. Manufacturers may re- 2032 ...... 2 quest a specific identifier or may re- 2033 ...... 3 quest only assignment of an identi- 2034 ...... 4 2035 ...... 5 fier(s). SAE will review requests for 2036 ...... 6 specific identifiers to determine that 2037 ...... 7 they do not conflict with an identifier 2038 ...... 8 already assigned or block of identifiers 2039 ...... 9 already reserved. SAE will confirm the Note to Table VII: For passenger cars, and for multipurpose passenger vehicles and trucks with a gross vehicle weight rat- assignments in writing to the re- ing of 4536 kg (10,000 lb) or less, if position 7 is numeric, the quester. Once confirmed by SAE, the Model Year in position 10 of the VIN refers to a year in the range 1980–2009. If position 7 is alphabetic, the Model Year identifier need not be resubmitted to in Position 10 of the VIN refers to a year in the range 2010– NHTSA. 2039. (b) Manufacturers of vehicles subject (2) The second character of the fourth to this part shall submit, either di- section shall represent the plant of rectly or through an agent, the unique manufacture. identifier for each make and type of ve- (3) The third through the eighth hicle it manufactures at least 60 days characters of the fourth section (posi- before affixing the first VIN using the tions 12 through 17) shall represent the identifier. Manufacturers whose unique number sequentially assigned by the identifier appears in the fourth section

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of the VIN shall also submit the three § 565.23(b), §§ 565.23(c), 565.23(g), 565.23(h), characters of the first section that con- 565.24 and 565.25. stitutes a part of their identifier. (c) Manufacturers of vehicles subject [73 FR 23379, Apr. 30, 2008, as amended at 73 FR 28371, May 16, 2008] to the requirements of this part shall submit to NHTSA the information nec- § 565.22 Definitions. essary to decipher the characters con- tained in its VINs. Amendments to this (a) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Stand- information shall be submitted to the ards Definitions. Unless otherwise indi- agency for VINs containing an amend- cated, all terms used in this part that ed coding. The agency will not rou- are defined in 49 CFR 571.3 are used as tinely provide written approvals of defined in 49 CFR 571.3. these submissions, but will contact the (b) Body type means the general con- manufacturer should any corrections figuration or shape of a vehicle distin- to these submissions be necessary. guished by such characteristics as the (d) The information required under number of doors or windows, cargo-car- paragraph (c) of this section shall be rying features and the roofline (e.g., submitted at least 60 days prior to of- sedan, fastback, hatchback). fering for sale the first vehicle identi- (c) Check digit means a single number fied by a VIN containing that informa- or the letter X used to verify the accu- tion, or if information concerning vehi- racy of the transcription of the vehicle cle characteristics sufficient to specify identification number. the VIN code is unavailable to the (d) Engine type means a power source manufacturer by that date, then within with defined characteristics such as one week after that information first fuel utilized, number of cylinders, dis- becomes available. The information placement, and net brake horsepower. shall be addressed to: Administrator, The specific manufacturer and make National Highway Traffic Safety Ad- shall be represented if the engine pow- ministration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, ers a passenger car or a multipurpose SE, Washington, DC 20590, Attention: passenger vehicle, or truck with a VIN Coordinator. gross vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg. (10,000 lbs.) or less. Subpart C—Alternative VIN Re- (e) Incomplete vehicle means an assem- quirements In Effect for Lim- blage consisting, as a minimum, of ited Period frame and chassis structure, power train, steering system, suspension sys- § 565.20 Purpose and scope. tem and braking system, to the extent This part specifies the format, con- that those systems are to be part of the tent and physical requirements for a completed vehicle, that requires fur- vehicle identification number (VIN) ther manufacturing operations, other system and its installation to simplify than the addition of readily attachable vehicle identification information re- components, such as mirrors or tire trieval and to increase the accuracy and rim assemblies, or minor finishing and efficiency of vehicle recall cam- operations such as painting, to become paigns. a completed vehicle. (f) Line means a name that a manu- § 565.21 Applicability. facturer applies to a family of vehicles See subpart A of this part 565 regard- within a make which have a degree of ing the applicability of this subpart. commonality in construction, such as This part applies to passenger cars, body, chassis or cab type. multipurpose passenger vehicles, (g) Make means a name that a manu- trucks, buses, trailers (including trail- facturer applies to a group of vehicles er kits), incomplete vehicles, and mo- or engines. torcycles. Vehicles imported into the (h) Manufacturer means a person— United States under 49 CFR 591.5(f), (1) Manufacturing or assembling other than by the corporation respon- motor vehicles or motor vehicle equip- sible for the assembly of that vehicle ment; or or a subsidiary of such a corporation, (2) Importing motor vehicles or are excluded from requirements of motor vehicle equipment for resale.

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(i) Model means a name that a manu- (e) The VIN of each vehicle shall ap- facturer applies to a family of vehicles pear clearly and indelibly upon either a of the same type, make, line, series and part of the vehicle, other than the glaz- body type. ing, that is not designed to be removed (j) Model Year means the year used to except for repair or upon a separate designate a discrete vehicle model, ir- plate or label that is permanently af- respective of the calendar year in fixed to such a part. which the vehicle was actually pro- (f) The VIN for passenger cars, multi- duced, provided that the production pe- purpose passenger vehicles and trucks riod does not exceed 24 months. of 4536 kg or less GVWR shall be lo- (k) Plant of manufacture means the cated inside the passenger compart- plant where the manufacturer affixes ment. It shall be readable, without the VIN. moving any part of the vehicle, (l) Series means a name that a manu- through the vehicle glazing under day- facturer applies to a subdivision of a light lighting conditions by an ob- ‘‘line’’ denoting price, size or weight server having 20/20 vision (Snellen) identification and that is used by the whose eye-point is located outside the manufacturer for marketing purposes. vehicle adjacent to the left windshield (m) Trailer kit means a trailer that is pillar. Each character in the VIN sub- fabricated and delivered in complete ject to this paragraph shall have a min- but unassembled form and that is de- imum height of 4 mm. signed to be assembled without special (g) Each character in each VIN shall machinery or tools. be one of the letters in the set: (n) Type means a class of vehicle dis- [ABCDEFGHJKLMNPRSTUVWXYZ] or tinguished by common traits, including a numeral in the set: [0123456789] as- design and purpose. Passenger cars, signed according to the method given multipurpose passenger vehicles, in § 565.25. trucks, buses, trailers, incomplete ve- (h) All spaces provided for in the VIN hicles and motorcycles are separate must be occupied by a character speci- types. fied in paragraph (g) of this section. (o) VIN means a series of Arabic num- (i) The type face utilized for each bers and Roman letters that is assigned VIN shall consist of capital, sanserif to a motor vehicle for identification characters. purposes. [73 FR 23379, Apr. 30, 2008, as amended at 74 FR 67977, Dec. 22, 2009] § 565.23 General requirements. (a) Each vehicle manufactured in one § 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into stage shall have a VIN that is assigned the United States. by the manufacturer. Each vehicle (a) Importers shall utilize the VIN as- manufactured in more than one stage signed by the original manufacturer of shall have a VIN assigned by the in- the motor vehicle. complete vehicle manufacturer. Vehi- (b) A passenger car certified by a cle alterers, as specified in 49 CFR Registered Importer under 49 CFR part 567.7, shall utilize the VIN assigned by 592 shall have a plate or label that con- the original manufacturer of the vehi- tains the following statement, in char- cle. acters with a minimum height of 4 mm, (b) Each VIN shall consist of seven- with the identification number as- teen (17) characters. signed by the original manufacturer (c) A check digit shall be part of each provided in the blank: SUBSTITUTE VIN. The check digit shall appear in FOR U.S. VIN:lllSEE PART 565. position nine (9) of the VIN, on the ve- The plate or label shall conform to hicle and on any transfer documents § 565.23 (h) and (i). The plate or label containing the VIN prepared by the shall be permanently affixed inside the manufacturer to be given to the first passenger compartment. The plate or owner for purposes other than resale. label shall be readable, without moving (d) The VINs of any two vehicles any part of the vehicle, through the ve- manufactured within a 30-year period hicle glazing under daylight lighting shall not be identical. conditions by an observer having 20/20

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vision (Snellen) whose eye-point is lo- These characters are assigned in ac- cated outside the vehicle adjacent to cordance with § 565.26(a). the left windshield pillar. It shall be lo- (b) The second section shall consist cated in such a manner as not to cover, of five characters, which occupy posi- obscure, or overlay any part of any tions four through eight (4–8) in the identification number affixed by the VIN. This section shall uniquely iden- original manufacturer. Passenger cars tify the attributes of the vehicle as conforming to Canadian Motor Vehicle specified in Table VIII. For passenger Safety Standard 115 are exempt from cars, and for multipurpose passenger this paragraph. vehicles and trucks with a gross vehi- § 565.25 Content requirements. cle weight rating of 4536 kg (10,000 lb) or less, the first and second characters The VIN shall consist of four sections shall be alphabetic and the third and of characters which shall be grouped fourth characters shall be numeric. accordingly: (a) The first section shall consist of The fifth character may be either al- three characters that occupy positions phabetic or numeric. The characters one through three (1–3) in the VIN. utilized and their placement within the This section shall uniquely identify the section may be determined by the man- manufacturer, make and type of the ufacturer, but the specified attributes motor vehicle if its manufacturer pro- must be decipherable with information duces 500 or more motor vehicles of its supplied by the manufacturer in ac- type annually. If the manufacturer pro- cordance with § 565.26(c). In submitting duces less than 500 motor vehicles of the required information to NHTSA re- its type annually, these characters lating to gross vehicle weight rating, along with the third, fourth and fifth the designations in Table IX shall be characters of the fourth section shall used. The use of these designations uniquely identify the manufacturer, within the VIN itself is not required. make and type of the motor vehicle. Tables VIII and IX follow:

TABLE VIII—TYPE OF VEHICLE AND INFORMATION DECIPHERABLE

Passenger car: Line, series, body type, engine type and restraint system type. Multipurpose passenger vehicle: Line, series, body type, engine type, gross vehicle weight rat- ing. Truck: Model or line, series, chassis, cab type, engine type, brake system and gross vehicle weight rating. Bus: Model or line, series, body type, engine type, and brake system. Trailer, including trailer kits and incomplete trailer: Type of trailer, body type, length and axle configuration. Motorcycle: Type of motorcycle, line, engine type, and net brake horsepower. Incomplete Vehicle other than a trailer: Model or line, series, cab type, engine type and brake system. Note to Table VIII: Engine net brake horsepower when encoded in the VIN shall differ by no more than 10 percent from the actual net brake horsepower; shall in the case of motorcycle with an actual net brake horsepower of 2 or less, be not more than 2; and shall be greater than 2 in the case of a motorcycle with an actual brake horsepower greater than 2.

TABLE IX—GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING TABLE IX—GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING CLASSES CLASSES—Continued Class E—Greater than 2722 kg. to 3175 kg. Class A—Not greater than 1360 kg. (3,000 (6,001–7,000 lbs.) lbs.) Class F—Greater than 3175 kg. to 3629 kg. Class B—Greater than 1360 kg. to 1814 kg. (7,001–8,000 lbs.) (3,001–4,000 lbs.) Class G—Greater than 3629 kg. to 4082 kg. Class C—Greater than 1814 kg. to 2268 kg. (8,001–9,000 lbs.) (4,001–5,000 lbs.) Class H—Greater than 4082 kg. to 4536 kg. Class D—Greater than 2268 kg. to 2722 kg. (9,001–10,000 lbs.) (5,001–6,000 lbs.)

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TABLE IX—GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING TABLE X—ASSIGNED VALUES—Continued CLASSES—Continued R = 9 Class 3—Greater than 4536 kg. to 6350 kg. S = 2 (10,001–14,000 lbs.) T = 3 Class 4—Greater than 6350 kg. to 7257 kg. U = 4 (14,001–16,000 lbs.) V = 5 Class 5—Greater than 7257 kg. to 8845 kg. W = 6 (16,001–19,500 lbs.) X = 7 Class 6—Greater than 8845 kg. to 11793 kg. Y = 8 (19,501–26,000 lbs.) Z = 9 Class 7—Greater than 11793 kg. to 14968 kg.(26,001–33,000 lbs.) (2) Multiply the assigned value for Class 8—Greater than 14968 kg. (33,001 lbs. each character in the VIN by the posi- and over). tion weight factor specified in Table XI, as follows: (c) The third section shall consist of one character, which occupies position TABLE XI—VIN POSITION AND WEIGHT FACTOR nine (9) in the VIN. This section shall be the check digit whose purpose is to 1st ...... 8 provide a means for verifying the accu- 2d ...... 7 racy of any VIN transcription. After all 3d ...... 6 other characters in VIN have been de- 4th ...... 5 termined by the manufacturer, the 5th ...... 4 check digit shall be calculated by car- 6th ...... 3 rying out the mathematical computa- 7th ...... 2 tion specified in paragraphs (c) (1) 8th ...... 10 through (4) of this section. 9th ...... (check digit) (1) Assign to each number in the VIN 10th ...... 9 its actual mathematical value and as- 11th ...... 8 sign to each letter the value specified for it in Table X, as follows: 12th ...... 7 13th ...... 6 TABLE X—ASSIGNED VALUES 14th ...... 5 15th ...... 4 A = 1 16th ...... 3 B = 2 17th ...... 2 C = 3 D = 4 (3) Add the resulting products and di- E = 5 vide the total by 11. F = 6 (4) The numerical remainder is the G = 7 check digit. If the remainder is 10 the H = 8 letter ‘‘X’’ shall be used to designate J = 1 the check digit. The correct numeric K = 2 remainder, zero through nine (0–9) or L = 3 the letter ‘‘X,’’ shall appear in VIN po- M = 4 sition nine (9). N = 5 (5) A sample check digit calculation P = 7 is shown in Table XII as follows:

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IGIT D HECK C ALCULATION OF A XII—C ABLE T signed value times ...... 8 49 24 5 32 15 18 80 0 45 56 7 6 40 12 2 Add products: 8+49+24+5+32+15+18+80+0+45+56+7+6+40+12+12+2 = 411. Divide by 11: 411/11 = 37 4/11. The remainder is 4; this the check digit to be inserted in position nine (9) of VIN. VIN Position 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Position VIN...... 5 7 1 8 3 4 VIN Value 1 7 4 8 5 9 G 1 8 3 4 5 ... Sample Factor..H H 5 9 A G 4 1 Assigned Weight 10 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Multiply As-

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(d) The fourth section shall consist of fifth characters of the fourth section, eight characters, which occupy posi- combined with the three characters of tions ten through seventeen (10–17) of the first section, shall uniquely iden- the VIN. The last five (5) characters of tify the manufacturer, make and type this section shall be numeric for pas- of the motor vehicle and the sixth, sev- senger cars and for multipurpose pas- enth, and eighth characters of the senger vehicles and trucks with a gross fourth section shall represent the num- vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg. (10,000 ber sequentially assigned by the manu- lbs.) or less, and the last four (4) char- facturer in the production process. acters shall be numeric for all other ve- hicles. § 565.26 Reporting requirements. (1) The first character of the fourth The information collection require- section shall represent the vehicle ments contained in this part have been model year. The year shall be des- approved by the Office of Management ignated as indicated in Table XIII as and Budget under the provisions of the follows: Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and have been assigned TABLE XIII—YEAR CODES FOR VIN OMB Control Number 2127–0510. Year Code (a) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has 1980 ...... A contracted with the SAE International 1981 ...... B 1982 ...... C (SAE) to coordinate the assignment of 1983 ...... D manufacturer identifiers. Manufac- 1984 ...... E turer identifiers will be supplied by 1985 ...... F 1986 ...... G SAE at no charge. All requests for as- 1987 ...... H signments of manufacturer identifiers 1988 ...... J should be forwarded directly to: SAE 1989 ...... K International, 400 Commonwealth 1990 ...... L 1991 ...... M Drive, Warrendale, Pennsylvania 15096, 1992 ...... N Attention: WMI Coordinator. Any re- 1993 ...... P quests for identifiers submitted to 1994 ...... R 1995 ...... S NHTSA will be forwarded to SAE. Man- 1996 ...... T ufacturers may request a specific iden- 1997 ...... V tifier or may request only assignment 1998 ...... W 1999 ...... X of an identifier(s). SAE will review re- 2000 ...... Y quests for specific identifiers to deter- 2001 ...... 1 mine that they do not conflict with an 2002 ...... 2 identifier already assigned or block of 2003 ...... 3 2004 ...... 4 identifiers already reserved. SAE will 2005 ...... 5 confirm the assignments in writing to 2006 ...... 6 the requester. Once confirmed by SAE, 2007 ...... 7 2008 ...... 8 the identifier need not be resubmitted 2009 ...... 9 to NHTSA. 2010 ...... A (b) Manufacturers of vehicles subject 2011 ...... B 2012 ...... C to this part shall submit, either di- 2013 ...... D rectly or through an agent, the unique identifier for each make and type of ve- (2) The second character of the fourth hicle it manufactures at least 60 days section shall represent the plant of before affixing the first VIN using the manufacture. identifier. Manufacturers whose unique (3) The third through the eighth identifier appears in the fourth section characters of the fourth section shall of the VIN shall also submit the three represent the number sequentially as- characters of the first section that con- signed by the manufacturer in the pro- stitutes a part of their identifier. duction process if the manufacturer (c) Manufacturers of vehicles subject produces 500 or more vehicles of its to the requirements of this part shall type annually. If the manufacturer pro- submit to NHTSA the information nec- duces less than 500 motor vehicles of essary to decipher the characters con- its type annually, the third, fourth and tained in its VINs. Amendments to this

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information shall be submitted to the § 566.3 Application. agency for VINs containing an amend- This part applies to all manufactur- ed coding. The agency will not rou- ers of motor vehicles, and to manufac- tinely provide written approvals of turers of motor vehicle equipment, these submissions, but will contact the other than , to which a motor ve- manufacturer should any corrections hicle safety standard applies (hereafter to these submissions be necessary. referred to as ‘‘covered equipment’’). (d) The information required under paragraph (c) of this section shall be [36 FR 22063, Nov. 19, 1971] submitted at least 60 days prior to of- § 566.4 Definitions. fering for sale the first vehicle identi- fied by a VIN containing that informa- All terms defined in the Act and the tion, or if information concerning vehi- rules and standards issued under its au- cle characteristics sufficient to specify thority are used as defined therein. the VIN code is unavailable to the Specifically, incomplete vehicle, inter- manufacturer by that date, then within mediate manufacturer, and final-stage one week after that information first manufacturer are used as defined in becomes available. The information Part 568—Vehicles Manufactured in shall be addressed to: Administrator, Two or More Stages. National Highway Traffic Safety Ad- (Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1392, 1397) ministration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, [37 FR 1364, Jan. 28, 1972] SE., Washington, DC 20590, Attention: VIN Coordinator. § 566.5 Requirements. Each manufacturer of motor vehi- PART 566—MANUFACTURER cles, and each manufacturer of covered IDENTIFICATION equipment, shall furnish the informa- tion specified in paragraphs (a) through Sec. (c) of this section to: Administrator, 566.1 Scope. National Highway Traffic Safety Ad- 566.2 Purpose. ministration, 400 Seventh Street SW., 566.3 Application. Washington, DC 20590. 566.4 Definitions. (a) Full individual, partnership, or 566.5 Requirements. corporate name of the manufacturer. 566.6 Submittal of information. (b) Residence address of the manufac- turer and State of incorporation if ap- AUTHORITY: Secs. 112 and 119, National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (15 plicable. U.S.C. 1401 and 1407); delegation of authority (c) Description of each type of motor at 49 CFR 1.50. vehicle or of covered equipment manu- factured by the manufacturer, includ- § 566.1 Scope. ing, for motor vehicles, the approxi- This part requires manufacturers of mate ranges of gross vehicle weight motor vehicles, and of motor vehicle ratings for each type. (1) Except as noted below, the de- equipment to which a motor vehicle scription may be of general types, such safety standard applies, to submit iden- as ‘‘passenger cars’’ or ‘‘brake fluid.’’ tifying information and a description (2) In the case of multipurpose pas- of the items they produce. senger vehicles, trucks, and trailers, [36 FR 20978, Nov. 2, 1971] the description shall be specific enough also to indicate the types of use for § 566.2 Purpose. which the vehicles are intended, such The purpose of this part is to facili- as ‘‘tank trailer,’’ ‘‘motor home,’’ or tate the regulation of manufacturers ‘‘cargo van.’’ under the National Traffic and Motor (3) In the case of motor vehicles pro- Vehicle Safety Act, and to aid in estab- duced in two or more stages, if the lishing a code numbering system for all manufacturer is an incomplete vehicle manufacturer, the description shall so regulated manufacturers. state and include a description indi- [36 FR 20978, Nov. 2, 1971] cating the stage of completion of the

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