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Scorpion Venom: New Promise in the Treatment of Cancer
Acta Biológica Colombiana ISSN: 0120-548X ISSN: 1900-1649 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología SCORPION VENOM: NEW PROMISE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER GÓMEZ RAVE, Lyz Jenny; MUÑOZ BRAVO, Adriana Ximena; SIERRA CASTRILLO, Jhoalmis; ROMÁN MARÍN, Laura Melisa; CORREDOR PEREIRA, Carlos SCORPION VENOM: NEW PROMISE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 24, no. 2, 2019 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=319060771002 DOI: 10.15446/abc.v24n2.71512 PDF generated from XML JATS4R by Redalyc Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Revisión SCORPION VENOM: NEW PROMISE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER Veneno de escorpión: Una nueva promesa en el tratamiento del cáncer Lyz Jenny GÓMEZ RAVE 12* Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Colombia Adriana Ximena MUÑOZ BRAVO 12 Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Colombia Jhoalmis SIERRA CASTRILLO 3 [email protected] Universidad de Santander, Colombia Laura Melisa ROMÁN MARÍN 1 Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Colombia Carlos CORREDOR PEREIRA 4 Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 24, no. 2, 2019 Universidad Simón Bolívar, Colombia Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Received: 04 April 2018 ABSTRACT: Cancer is a public health problem due to its high worldwide Revised document received: 29 December 2018 morbimortality. Current treatment protocols do not guarantee complete remission, Accepted: 07 February 2019 which has prompted to search for new and more effective antitumoral compounds. Several substances exhibiting cytostatic and cytotoxic effects over cancer cells might DOI: 10.15446/abc.v24n2.71512 contribute to the treatment of this pathology. -
The Circadian Rhythm and Visual Elements in Scorpions: a Review
Arthropods, 2013, 2(4): 150-158 Article The circadian rhythm and visual elements in scorpions: A review M. R. Warburg Dept. of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel E-mail: [email protected] Received 12 August 2013; Accepted 15 September 2013; Published online 1 December 2013 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to review the state of research in this field and to outline future ways how to proceed. The term: "Zeitgeber", implies ‘time giver’ meaning: synchronizer when an external entrainment factor synchronizes the endogenous rhythm. Is this ‘time’, the chronological date in the sense that it is related to the time of day as reflected in the natural light-dark cycles? Or does it mean cyclic phases of activity as demonstrated in the laboratory? Moreover, is it totally independent of the animal's physiological condition? This subject was studied largely in buthid species (15) of a total of only 30 scorpion species. Moreover, many (over 25%) of the studies (19) were done on a single buthid species: Androctonus australis. Species diversity was observed only by one author’s work who studied eye structure in seven species. Since he found variability in eye structure it would not be advisable to generalize. The fact that experimenting was carried out irrespective of species diversity, gender, ecological or physiological conditions, and was usually done on animals kept in captivity for some time before the experimenting had started, is a major drawback to this kind of study. The diurnal rhythms is triggered either directly through spontaneous arrhythmic activity in the central nervous system, or by neurosecretory material. -
Small Molecules in the Venom of the Scorpion Hormurus Waigiensis
biomedicines Article Small Molecules in the Venom of the Scorpion Hormurus waigiensis Edward R. J. Evans 1, Lachlan McIntyre 2, Tobin D. Northfield 3, Norelle L. Daly 1 and David T. Wilson 1,* 1 Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, AITHM, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; [email protected] (E.R.J.E.); [email protected] (N.L.D.) 2 Independent Researcher, P.O. Box 78, Bamaga, QLD 4876, Australia; [email protected] 3 Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-7-4232-1707 Received: 30 June 2020; Accepted: 28 July 2020; Published: 31 July 2020 Abstract: Despite scorpion stings posing a significant public health issue in particular regions of the world, certain aspects of scorpion venom chemistry remain poorly described. Although there has been extensive research into the identity and activity of scorpion venom peptides, non-peptide small molecules present in the venom have received comparatively little attention. Small molecules can have important functions within venoms; for example, in some spider species the main toxic components of the venom are acylpolyamines. Other molecules can have auxiliary effects that facilitate envenomation, such as purines with hypotensive properties utilised by snakes. In this study, we investigated some non-peptide small molecule constituents of Hormurus waigiensis venom using LC/MS, reversed-phase HPLC, and NMR spectroscopy. We identified adenosine, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and citric acid within the venom, with low quantities of the amino acids glutamic acid and aspartic acid also being present. -
The Predation of an Adult Colubrid Snake, Sibynophis Triangularis, by the Scorpion Heterometrus Laoticus in the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve
Captive & Field Herpetology Volume 4 Issue 1 2020 Inverting the Food Web: The Predation of an Adult Colubrid Snake, Sibynophis triangularis, by the Scorpion Heterometrus laoticus in the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve Jack Christie1, Everett Madsen1, Surachit Waengsothorn1, Max Dolton Jones1, 2,* 1Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. 2Suranree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: system they occupy, is a well-researched and understood topic (Belovsky & Slade 1993; The predation of vertebrates by large tropical Murkin & Batt 1987; Nordberg et al. 2018). invertebrates is a rare phenomenon in nature, This particularly pertains to the predation of though not unprecedented. Scorpions in invertebrates by larger vertebrate predators. particular are evolutionarily equipped to take However, there are far fewer instances of on such a task. Despite the hunting strategy invertebrates consuming vertebrate prey items and primarily insectivorous diet of scorpions, within the available literature. Scorpions are they are known to opportunistically prey upon primarily fossorial ambush predators, emerging small vertebrate prey such as lizards, frogs and from their burrows and lying in wait at the birds. Herein, we describe the observation of entrance for unsuspecting prey to wander too an adult Asian forest scorpion (Heterometrus close (Williams 1987). Scorpions typically laoticus; Scorpiones; Scorpionidae) predating exhibit an insectivorous diet, with the upon an adult triangle many-toothed snake exception of a few species (Williams 1987), (Sibynophis triangularis; Squamata: and have been known to prey on frogs, birds, Colubridae). Although the opportunistic lizards and even snakes (McCormick & Polis, predation on snakes by scorpions has been 1982). -
Felipe Jun Fuzita Molecular Physiology of Digestion In
FELIPE JUN FUZITA MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTION IN ARACHNIDA: FUNCTIONAL AND COMPARATIVE-EVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES Thesis presented to the Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/Instituto Butantan/IPT, to obtain the Title of Doctor in Biotechnology. São Paulo 2014 FELIPE JUN FUZITA MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTION IN ARACHNIDA: FUNCTIONAL AND COMPARATIVE-EVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES Thesis presented to the Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/Instituto Butantan/IPT, to obtain the Title of Doctor in Biotechnology. Concentration area: Biotechnology Advisor: Dr. Adriana Rios Lopes Rocha Corrected version. The original electronic version is available either in the library of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and in the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of the University of Sao Paulo (BDTD). São Paulo 2014 DADOS DE CATALOGAÇÃO NA PUBLICAÇÃO (CIP) Serviço de Biblioteca e Informação Biomédica do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo © reprodução total Fuzita, Felipe Jun. Molecular physiology of digestion in Arachnida: functional and comparative-evolutionary approaches / Felipe Jun Fuzita. -- São Paulo, 2014. Orientador: Profa. Dra. Adriana Rios Lopes Rocha. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/IPT/Instituto Butantan. Área de concentração: Biotecnologia. Linha de pesquisa: Bioquímica, biologia molecular, espectrometria de massa. Versão do título para o português: Fisiologia molecular da digestão em Arachnida: abordagens funcional e comparativo-evolutiva. 1. Digestão 2. Aranha 3. Escorpião 4. Enzimologia 5. Proteoma 6. Transcriptoma I. Rocha, Profa. Dra. Adriana Rios Lopes I. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/IPT/Instituto Butantan III. -
Sexual Dimorphism in the Asian Giant Forest Scorpion, Heterometrus Laoticus Couzijn, 1981
NU Science Journal 2007; 4(1): 42 - 52 Sexual Dimorphism in the Asian Giant Forest Scorpion, Heterometrus laoticus Couzijn, 1981 Ubolwan Booncham1*, Duangkhae Sitthicharoenchai2, Art-ong Pradatsundarasar2, Surisak Prasarnpun1 and Kumthorn Thirakhupt2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10400 Thailand *Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT Morphological characters of adult male and adult female giant forest scorpions, Heterometrus laoticus, in a mixed deciduous forest at Phitsanulok Wildlife Conservation Development and Extension Station showed sexual dimorphism. Among the observed characters, carapace width, chela length, chela width, telson length and shape of movable finger of adult male and female scorpions were obviously different. The pectines of males were also significantly longer, and the number of sensilla-bearing teeth in male scorpions was more than in females. Moreover, males had higher density of sensilla on the pectinal teeth than females. During the breeding season, mature males were mobile while mature females were mainly at their burrows. Keywords: Heterometrus laoticus, sexual dimorphism INTRODUCTION Sexual dimorphism is the difference in form between males and females of the same species. Sexual dimorphism, particularly sexual size dimorphism (SSD) has been observed in a large number of animal taxa (Blanckenhorn, 2005; Brown, 1996; David et al., 2003; Esperk and Tammaru, 2006; Herrel et al. 1999; Ozkan et al., 2006; Ranta et al. 1994; Shine, 1989; Walker and Rypstra, 2001 and Wangkulangkul, et al., 2005). Under the influence of natural and sexual selections, males and females often differ in costs and benefits of achieving some particular body sizes (Crowley, 2000; Gaffin and Broenell, 2001; Kladt, 2003; Mattoni, 2005). -
Target-Specificity in Scorpions
Toxins 2017, 9, 312, doi: 10.3390/toxins9100312 S1 of S3 Supplementary Materials: Target‐specificity in scorpions; Comparing lethality of scorpion venoms across arthropods and vertebrates Arie van der Meijden, Bjørn Koch, Tom van der Valk, Leidy J. Vargas‐Muñoz and Sebastian Estrada‐Gómez Table S1. Table with GenBank CO1 accession numbers. Voucher numbers refer to the specimens in the collection of CIBIO/InBio at the University of Porto. Species Voucher Accession number Androctonus australis Sc904 gi379647585 Leiurus quinquestriatus Sc1062 gi379647601 Buthus ibericus Sc112 gi290918312 Grosphus flavopiceus Sc1085 gi379647593 Centruroides gracilis gi71743793 Heterometrus laoticus Sc1084 gi555299473 Pandinus imperator Sc1050 gi379647587 Hadrurus arizonensis Sc1042 gi379647597 Iurus kraepelini Sc866 gi379647589 Table S2. Mean dry venom compound per individual. Several milkings were made per (sub)adult specimen in some cases. Species n Dry venom (mg) mg/milking Androctonus australis 21 23.5 1.12 Leiurus quinquestriatus 51 25.1 0.49 Buthus ibericus 47 41.6 0.89 Centruroides gracilis 42 22.5 0.54 Babycurus jacksoni 38 53.9 1.42 Grosphus grandidieri 19 103.9 5.47 Hadrurus arizonensis 9 75.3 8.37 Iurus sp.* 12 35.2 2.93 Heterometrus laoticus 21 119 5.67 Pandinus imperator 15 72.7 4.85 *2 I. dufoureius, 6 I. kraepelini, 4 I. sp. Toxins 2017, 9, 312, doi: 10.3390/toxins9100312 S2 of S3 Table S3. Toxicological analysis of the venom of Grosphus grandidieri. “Toxic” means that the mice showed symptoms such as: pain, piloerection, excitability, salivation, lacrimation, dyspnea, diarrhea, temporary paralysis, but recovered within 20 h. “Lethal” means that the mice showed some or all the symptoms of intoxication and died within 20 h after injection. -
Caracterização Proteometabolômica Dos Componentes Da Teia Da Aranha Nephila Clavipes Utilizados Na Estratégia De Captura De Presas
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS – RIO CLARO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS BIOLOGIA CELULAR E MOLECULAR Caracterização proteometabolômica dos componentes da teia da aranha Nephila clavipes utilizados na estratégia de captura de presas Franciele Grego Esteves Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Câmpus de Rio . Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio Claro São Paulo - Brasil Março/2017 FRANCIELE GREGO ESTEVES CARACTERIZAÇÃO PROTEOMETABOLÔMICA DOS COMPONENTES DA TEIA DA ARANHA Nephila clavipes UTILIZADOS NA ESTRATÉGIA DE CAPTURA DE PRESA Orientador: Prof. Dr. Mario Sergio Palma Co-Orientador: Dr. José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos-Pinto Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Campus de Rio Claro-SP, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio Claro 2017 595.44 Esteves, Franciele Grego E79c Caracterização proteometabolômica dos componentes da teia da aranha Nephila clavipes utilizados na estratégia de captura de presas / Franciele Grego Esteves. - Rio Claro, 2017 221 f. : il., figs., gráfs., tabs., fots. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro Orientador: Mario Sergio Palma Coorientador: José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos-Pinto 1. Aracnídeo. 2. Seda de aranha. 3. Glândulas de seda. 4. Toxinas. 5. Abordagem proteômica shotgun. 6. Abordagem metabolômica. I. Título. Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela STATI - Biblioteca da UNESP Campus de Rio Claro/SP Dedico esse trabalho à minha família e aos meus amigos. Agradecimentos AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus primeiramente por me fortalecer no dia a dia, por me capacitar a enfrentar os obstáculos e momentos difíceis da vida. -
Invertebrate Fauna of Wadi Al-Quff Protected Area, Palestine
80 Jordan Journal of Natural History Invertebrate Fauna of Wadi Al-Quff Protected Area, Palestine Mazin Qumsiyeh Palestine Museum of Natural History and Palestine Institute of Biodiversity and Sustainability, Bethlehem University ABSTRACT We report results of a preliminary survey of the invertebrate fauna of Wadi Al-Quff area (occupied Palestine). We recorded 23 species of butterflies in 5 families. Moths were a difficult group to classify but we have at least 45 species. Dragon flies and damsel flies were noted in the Wadi Hasaka area. Four mantids in three families, two species of stick insects, one earwig species (Dermeptera) and at least seven species of Orthoptera were noted. There were at least 13 species of Hemiptera (true bugs) and 5 species of Neuroptera (netwing insects). We noted at least 13 species in ten families of the Order Diptera (the flies). We also collected/observed at least 17 species of Hymenoptera in eight families. In the Order Blattoidae (roaches), we noted two species only but the Order Coleoptera (Beetles) was very richly represented with at least 23 species in 10 families. Among parasitic arthropods we collected two species of fleas and three species of ticks (Ixodidae), one of the latter involved in transmittal of spotted fever. Five species of scorpions were noted, the largest being the Jericho or Mt. Nebo scorpion Nebo hierichonticus and the smallest being the brown scorpion Compsubuthus werneri. Two species of pseudoscorpions and two species of camel spiders were collected. A more difficult group was the regular spiders (Araneae) and we noted over two dozen species in at least 8 families. -
A Global Accounting of Medically Significant Scorpions
Toxicon 151 (2018) 137–155 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Toxicon journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/toxicon A global accounting of medically significant scorpions: Epidemiology, major toxins, and comparative resources in harmless counterparts T ∗ Micaiah J. Ward , Schyler A. Ellsworth1, Gunnar S. Nystrom1 Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Scorpions are an ancient and diverse venomous lineage, with over 2200 currently recognized species. Only a Scorpion small fraction of scorpion species are considered harmful to humans, but the often life-threatening symptoms Venom caused by a single sting are significant enough to recognize scorpionism as a global health problem. The con- Scorpionism tinued discovery and classification of new species has led to a steady increase in the number of both harmful and Scorpion envenomation harmless scorpion species. The purpose of this review is to update the global record of medically significant Scorpion distribution scorpion species, assigning each to a recognized sting class based on reported symptoms, and provide the major toxin classes identified in their venoms. We also aim to shed light on the harmless species that, although not a threat to human health, should still be considered medically relevant for their potential in therapeutic devel- opment. Included in our review is discussion of the many contributing factors that may cause error in epide- miological estimations and in the determination of medically significant scorpion species, and we provide suggestions for future scorpion research that will aid in overcoming these errors. 1. Introduction toxins (Possani et al., 1999; de la Vega and Possani, 2004; de la Vega et al., 2010; Quintero-Hernández et al., 2013). -
On the Trail N°26
The defaunation bulletin Quarterly information and analysis report on animal poaching and smuggling n°26. Events from the 1st July to the 30th September, 2019 Published on April 30, 2020 Original version in French 1 On the Trail n°26. Robin des Bois Carried out by Robin des Bois (Robin Hood) with the support of the Brigitte Bardot Foundation, the Franz Weber Foundation and of the Ministry of Ecological and Solidarity Transition, France reconnue d’utilité publique 28, rue Vineuse - 75116 Paris Tél : 01 45 05 14 60 www.fondationbrigittebardot.fr “On the Trail“, the defaunation magazine, aims to get out of the drip of daily news to draw up every three months an organized and analyzed survey of poaching, smuggling and worldwide market of animal species protected by national laws and international conventions. “ On the Trail “ highlights the new weapons of plunderers, the new modus operandi of smugglers, rumours intended to attract humans consumers of animals and their by-products.“ On the Trail “ gathers and disseminates feedback from institutions, individuals and NGOs that fight against poaching and smuggling. End to end, the “ On the Trail “ are the biological, social, ethnological, police, customs, legal and financial chronicle of poaching and other conflicts between humanity and animality. Previous issues in English http://www.robindesbois.org/en/a-la-trace-bulletin-dinformation-et-danalyses-sur-le-braconnage-et-la-contrebande/ Previous issues in French http://www.robindesbois.org/a-la-trace-bulletin-dinformation-et-danalyses-sur-le-braconnage-et-la-contrebande/ -
DANIEL I. HEMBREE Education Professional Experience
DANIEL I. HEMBREE Ohio University Department of Geological Sciences 316 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, OH 45701 740-597-1495 [email protected] Education Ph.D. Geology 2005 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS, LAWRENCE, KS Dissertation: Biogenic Structures of Modern and Fossil Continental Organisms: Using Trace Fossil Morphology to Interpret Paleoenvironment, Paleoecology, and Paleoclimate Advisors: Stephen T. Hasiotis, Robert H. Goldstein, Roger L. Kaesler, Larry D. Martin, Linda Trueb M.S. Geology 2002 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS, LAWRENCE, KS Thesis: Paleontology and Ichnology of an Ephemeral Lacustrine Deposit within the Middle Speiser Shale, Eskridge, KS Advisors: Larry D. Martin, Robert H. Goldstein, Roger L. Kaesler B.S. Geology 1999 UNIVERSITY OF NEW ORLEANS, NEW ORLEANS, LA Undergraduate thesis: A reexamination of Confuciusornis sanctus Advisor: Kraig Derstler Professional Experience 2018-present Professor DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES Ohio University, Athens, OH 2012-2018 Associate Professor DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES Ohio University, Athens, OH 2007-2012 Assistant Professor DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES Ohio University, Athens, OH 2006-2007 Instructor DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES Ohio University, Athens, OH 2005-2006 Postdoctoral Research Associate DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES Ohio University, Athens, OH 2000-2001 Coordinator of Laboratories DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 1999-2000, Graduate Teaching Assistant 2001-2002, DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY 2004-2005 University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS External Research Grants and Fellowships Awarded National Geographic Society, “Investigation of the Soils and Burrowing Biota of the Sonoran Desert: Improving the Recognition of Semi-Arid Ecosystems in Deep Time,” 12/1/14-12/1/15, $16,530, co- PIs Brian Platt (University of Mississippi), Ilya Buynevich (Temple University), Jon Smith (Kansas Geological Survey).