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GUIDE BOOK and HISTORY —

CjAecUefr AtUutu From two families, isolated in a little known extremity of the , to 's second largest city and resort of world-renown— This is the enviable and unmatched record of the City of Miami. In 1920, this "Magic City" boasted of a population less than 43,000, but, spurred by the Great Florida Boom of late 1925 and '26, it catapulted to more than 127,000 in the city proper! Since that time its advance has faltered not once. This figure does not include the respective populations of Miami Beach, Coral Gables, Hialeah, Miami Springs, Miami Shores, Opa-Locka, Homestead, North Miami and Florida City— all of which, together with Miami, go to make up what is known as the Miami Area. Nor does this figure include those hundreds of thou­ sands of tourists and vacationists who stream into Miami the year 'round, to enjoy its tropical grandeur and the hospitality of its permanent residents. The City of Miami is located in Dade County on the east coast of Florida, on Biscayne Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. It serves as the county seat and is likewise favored with excellent transportation facilities— on land, in the air, and on the water. I: I Miami enjoys an average annual temperature of approximately 75° and its soft ocean breezes and healthful sunshine make possible the indulgence in outdoor sports

THOMAS R. WEST, MIAMI, FLA. THE MAGIC CITY and recreations each and every day of the whole glorious year. Its cultural, educa­ tional and spiritual advantages are so well proportioned as to bring the greatest possible joy to living.

Let us delve# for a short while, into the interesting, colorful history of this remark­ able city— this "Playground of the World"—

GREATER MIAMI - 9ii JlttttVUf According to records available, the first white man to see what is now Miami, was Escalante de Fontenada, a Spanish nobleman, sole survivor of a galleon, wrecked on the Florida Keys about 1545. Rescued and held in slavery by the Tekesta Indians for seventeen years, during which time he roamed at will throughout their country, he made many observations and notes which to this day constitute our only account of early exploration in Southern Florida. Sebastian Cabot, England's intrepid explorer, landed near Miami in 1497, and Albert Cantino, a Portuguese sea captain, skirted the lower East Coast in 1502. It remained, though, for Juan Ponce de Leon to name this beautiful section of the New World — "Florida" — when he sighted it near St. Augustine, at daybreak on Easter Sunday, March 27, 1513. It is interesting to note that Ponce de Leon's chief navigator was Anton de Alimones, of Lisbon, who had served Christopher Columbus in a like capacity nearly 22 years earlier. WkmmmWk

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Ponce de Leon came South and examined the coast from about Baker's Haulover to and then sailed to the Bahamas. The Calusa Indian Federation re­ tains an account of his landing about where "the 79th Street Causeway is now located, but this has never been authenticated by white men. Historians disagree on the origin of the name "Miami"; however, Fontenada wrote in 1551, as follows: "At the head of a bay of thousands of islands, I found a huge lake called 'Mayaimi' by the Calusa Indians. This lake is of such enormous extent that it drains into the sea on the East, into a river in the West near a great Ocean, and into a great swamp in the South where there is much tall grass and many more islands. This great lake also drains into the Rio Mayaimi which empties into a beau­ tiful lagoon I have named 'Laguna del Espiritu Sanctu'" (Lagoon of Heavenly Spirit, now known as Biscayne Bay.) In August of 1567, Pedro Menendez de Aviles, a Spanish mercenary, came South from a point near the present location of Jacksonville and landed at the Indian Village of Tequesta. This occurred only two years after the founding of St. Augustine, oldest city in the United States. He erected a small blockhouse, left a garrison of thirty sol­ diers, a priest or two and sailed away to Spain, where he announced that he had settled the territory and named it "Mayaimi" after the huge lake to the West. (Both Fontenada and Menendez thought the Everglades a huge lake.) Little did these men realize, nor could they have possibly imagined, that three hundred years later, their discoveries and claims would have become the Playground of the World and the home of hundreds of thousands of souls! THE MAGIC CITY

Then for 130 years, "Mayaimi" passed through a period of wars, Indian raids and massacres concerning which very few records were kept. The section grew in lore, however, through the persistence of the Spaniards, who claimed the existence of at least six Fountains of Youth and fabulously rich gold deposits, which in later days materialized in an entirely different form. Early in 1743, the Jesuits decided to Christianize the Indians, so Governor Gomez y Horcasitas of Havana sent Fathers Allana and Monaca to Florida. They stopped, after a stormy voyage up the coast from Key West, at the mouth of Rio Mayaimi, which they promptly renamed "Rio de los Ratones". They built a Jesuit Mission at the site of Coconut Grove and named it "San Ignacio". From 1743 to 1753 very little is known of historic value concerning this territory, particularly the section around "Bay Biscayne" (named after the Bay of Biscay by the Spanish). From then on, we trace a steady influx of settlers from Georgia, the Carolinas, Maryland, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. These were of Spanish, French, German and English stock. Their numbers were small but they built homes, cleared land and began to cultivate cotton, cane, grapes, limes and oranges. In 1759, Ferdinand, King of Spain, made a treaty with the English and when he died, the crown went to his brother Charles, who immediately launched a war with England. In 1762, the English finally captured Havana, which they traded back to Spain for a clear title to Florida. Now, the settlement of the Florida East Coast had begun in earnest. Uilla 'Viscaya, (fJAiami AaAAAAAvv-..^ ',.-: A AAA-A-vaA . H!&£hsSS_• AA. i wjmm-mmmmmmmSPiRKf'55 - S

In October, 1763, King George III of England opened Florida to homesteading for the British soldiers who had served in America. Field officers were offered 5,000 acres each, captains 3,000, lieutenants 2,000,-non-commissioned officers and privates 50 acres. Very few took up the offer, but it is amusing to note the name of a Private Egan who from his original 50 acres appears 15 years later with a deed tp 4,000 acres on Biscayne Bay, and who later became one of the richest men in Florida. In 1810 we find Frank Lewis, Tolly Lewis, Egan and his son James, Rebecca Egan, Richard Tice, Joseph Delaspine, Archibald Clark and a few others as the prin­ cipal land holders in the Biscayne Bay region, although no effort had yet been made to incorporate a town. Miami as a metropolis soon began to take form. Settlers came in from most of the other States. The High Sheriff of New York being the first of many notables to arrive in the Promised Land of Plenty. was established at the mouth of the during the year 1836. Then follows a swift succession of events. Hectic days and years for many, but through all of which the struggling town began to spread out in all directions and to assume an important place in the agricultural and trading world. Early families such as the Tuttles, Brickells, Fitzpatricks, Gibsons, Englishs, Joseph Days, Baileys, Thews, Wheeles, Fords and others had amassed nearly a mil­ lion acres of the best lands in the vicinity and when, in 1836, the Florida Legislature THE MAGIC CITY created Dade County (named after Major Francis L. Dade, who, with all but two of his command, was massacred during the Seminole Indian Wars) we find these families growing wealthy through the sale of their holdings to purchasers of home­ steads. In 1840, the Seminoles became enraged at apparent injustices meted out by local officials and raided the settlement, killing several people, burning many buildings. Miami, at this time, had a population of 440 people and was slowly but surely growing. However, crop failures due to storm and forays by Indians dismayed a large number of settlers and by 1850 we find the population had dwindled to 159. Then, toward the end of the nineteenth century, miracles began to happen. Northern capitalists, looking for newer and fresher fields, began to hear of this trop­ ical paradise and soon the population had jumped to 890. Good times were ahead and by 1900, there were 5,000 inhabitants and the first tourist made their appearance. Miami's growth from then on is responsible for its becoming known as the "Magic City." 1910 showed 11,933; 1920, 42,753 and in 1932 more than 150,000 and to date there has been no sign of a let-down in the pace of its growth. When Henry M. Flagler, through an invitation from his friend, Mrs. Julia Tuttle, decided to visit here, a new era was ushered in for Miami. In 1896, Flagler brought the Florida East Coast Railway into Miami and built a great . From then on the expansion was very rapid, and today Greater Miami in its regal and tropical splendor is truly the "Playground of the World", a dream city whose destiny has yet to be fulfilled! "Venetian Tool, Coral Qables •ft ' , '. ' . .,,, . ft cA 'Uilla in Coconut Qrove MIAMI

POINTS of INTEREST * Ailcuni PA&p&i * • BEAUTIFUL BISCAYNE BOULEVARD, broad, palm-banked and artistically lighted, affords a northern approach to Miami's carefully planned metropolitan business district. Adjacent to this area are to be found many large and beautiful estates, flower farms and gardens. Though many new industries have recently developed, the whole region is, in the main, a thriving and magnificent playground and a section endowed with the happiness and tranquility of home-loving folk. • AQUARIUM: 5th St. Entrance to , housed in converted barkantine, "Prinz Valdemar." Large variety of fish from tropical waters displayed in glass tanks. • BAYFRONT PARK: Extending about a mile along Biscayne Bay in downtown Miami. Containing a profusion of tropical plants, palm shaded walks, rock garden, large amphitheatre. Variety of entertainment. • CAUSEWAYS: Three connecting links with Miami Beach. The County Causeway at N. E. 13th St.; the Venetian Way (toll) at 15th Street, leading across beautiful islands and past lovely homes; the 79th Street Causeway connecting the North area of Miami and the Beach. THE MAGIC CITY

CITY YACHT BASIN: At Bayfront Park from 3rd to 5th Sts. Large array of pleas­ ure craft and charter fishing boats. Pier 5 usually crowded late each afternoon, when the fishing fleet returns from a day in the Gulf Stream. BISCAYNE KENNEL CLUB: N. E. 2nd Ave. and 115th St. Greyhound racing nightly in season. COCONUT GROVE: Beautiful residential section in South Portion of Miami along Biscayne Bay, containing many fine estates and scenic roadways. (See Coconut Grove area.) EASTERN AIRLINES BASE: N.W. 36th St. near . Frequent service to New York and Chicago. : About 5 miles north of Miami City limits, near Ojus. Picnic grounds, boating and swimming. High mound, resembling a fort, provides for observation of surrounding area. HENDERSON PARK: N.W. 2nd to 3rd Sts., 9th to 10th Aves. 3Vi acres of tennis courts. Illuminated for night playing. JAI ALAI: A Basque-Spanish game played on the court of Biscayne Fronton, N. W. 36th St. and 35th Ave. A lightning-fast and exciting game. Open from Dec. to April. LUMMUS PARK: N.W. 3rd St. and 3rd Ave. A recreational center of BV2 acres within five minutes walk of downtown Miami. Sheltered pavilions, shuffleboard courts, bowling-on-the-green, horseshoes, roque, croquet, chess, checkers and bridge. ww«Sftft

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MIAMI JOCKEY CLUB: (See Hialeah.) MUSA ISLE INDIAN VILLAGE: Seminole Indian Village at N. W. 25th Ave. and 16th St. MOORE PARK: N.W. 7th to 10th Aves. N. of 36th St. 20 acres. Recreational center. Baseball, tennis, shuffleboard. Children's playground. Illuminated. NORTH MIAMI ZOO: N. E. 132nd St. and Dixie Hwy. Many interesting exhibits from tropical countries, including the giant Galapagos tortoises, huge land turtles, some weighing over 200 lbs. OLD FORT DALLAS: In Lummus Park. Relic of Seminole Indian Wars. PIRATE'S COVE: Seminole Indian Village and Botanical Garden, located at N. W. 19th Ave. and 7th St. Alligator wrestling exhibitions. ROYAL PALM GARDENS: S. E. 2nd Ave. and 2nd St. to Bay. Portion of famous old Royal Palm Hotel Gardens, beautifully landscaped. Royal Palm Yacht Basin and Docks also located here. RODDY BURDINE STADIUM: N. W. 3rd to 5th Sts. and 14th to 16th Aves. Scene of Annual "Orange Bowl" football classic. Seating capacity, 24,000. SIMPSON PARK: S. Miami Ave. and 15th Road. Natural hammock and jungle park. Trails, picnic area and aquatic plant pool. VILLA VIZCAYA: Estate of the late James Deering. S. Miami Ave. and 34th St. Italian marble palace in tropical setting. WEST FLAGLER KENNEL CLUB: West Flagler and 34th Ave. Greyhound racing nightly in season. THE MAGIC CITY

Goted QaUel This beautiful little city of approximately 8000 residents is located about five miles southwest of Miami's business centre. Coral Gables is renowned for its beau­ tiful Mediterranean style homes, its picturesque Old World plazas and soft tinted coral rock gateways, all of which, in a superb tropical setting, makes you feel that here is a place where you would like to live.

POINTS of INTEREST • : On DeSoto Blvd. An outstandingly beautiful and picturesque swimming pool. Municipally operated and "home" of a number of America's best known aquatic stars. • : A co-educational school chartered in 1925. Students en­ rolled from 34 States and several Latin-American Countries. • CORAL GABLES COUNTRY CLUB: Lejeune Road and N. Greenway Drive. A modern and beautiful 18 hole golf course. • , YEAR 'ROUND CLUB AND BILTMORE COUNTRY CLUB: Center of winter Sports and Social Activities. Scene of Annual Open Golf Championship matches. Qlub ^ouse Entrance, aMiami Jockey Club (tC&hey'reOff' at Vtialeah Tark MIAMI

• RACE TRACK: , 2 miles west of Red Road. Winter . Beautifully landscaped. • LOST LAKE: On Bird Road, east of Tropical Park. Botanical garden and Wild Duck show. • CHINESE VILLAGE: Excellent examples of homes in a Chinese Compound. Inter­ esting walled settlement of unique design. • NORTH FLEMISH VILLAGE: Lejeune Road and Viscaya Ave. An intriguing ex­ ample of an Old World village. • FRENCH VILLAGE: Ponce de Leon Blvd. and Hardee Road. Another unique group of homes. • TAHITI BEACH: On Biscayne Bay near Cocoplum Plaza. South Sea Islands at­ mosphere. Protected bathing, pool and picnic tables. • EVERGLADES AREA: West of Coral Gables along . • CITRUS GROVES AND WINTER VEGETABLE GARDENS: Along most roads South and West of Coral Gables and into the Redlands section. THE MAGIC CITY

Neighboring communities adjoining Miami on the Northwest, about 6 miles from business section. • HIALEAH PARK: America's most beautiful race course and home of the famous flock of flamingos. A 200 acre park magnificently landscaped. Horse racing from January to March. Park open throughout the year. • MIAMI MUNICIPAL GOLF CLUB: Red Road, Miami Springs. 18 hole course. • MUNICIPAL AIRPORT: Near Opa-Locka. Some of world's finest privately owned planes housed here. Scene of annual "All American" Air Meet. • U. S. NAVAL AIR BASE AND DIRIGIBLE HANGAR: At Opa-Locka, north of Hialeah, is located this dirigible base with its architecture of a distinctive Moorish trend. - m: 77""-. A A

cAerial View of County Causeway, Talm and Star Islands and efflliami IBeach PHOTO BY MIAMI BEACH NEWS SERVICE ^ohe tropical ^Bathing ^each at Lummus Tark, eMiami ^Beach MIAMI

Qocmmi Qwwe • PAN-AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL AIR TERMINAL: S. Bayshore Drive at . Mecca for thousands of visitors each afternoon to witness the arrival of the giant "Clippers" from the West Indies and South America. • MATHESON HAMMOCK: Ingraham Highway. County public park. Natural jungle and trails, lake and picnic area. • SAUSAGE TREE: Ingraham Highway below Matheson Hammock. Tree growing inedible fruit resembling sausages. A curiosity of nature. • PARROT JUNGLE: Red Road near the Sausage Tree. Large variety of parrots, macaws, cockatoos, both free and caged, in a beautiful tropical jungle. • CHAPMAN FIELD and U. S. Department of Agriculture Experimental and Trop­ ical Plant Introduction Nursery. THE MAGIC CITY

* Miami jSeacA * Miami Beach, across the Bay from Miami was, but a few years ago, little more than a mangrove swamp. Today it is an amazingly beautiful city of more than 15,000 permanent residents and the winter home of tens of thousands more, including many of America's best known business and professional men and women. It is difficult to list all of the interesting places to see because there are so many, so it is suggested that a systematic tour be made of Alton Road, Pine Tree Drive, Indian Creek Drive and Collins Ave. north of Dade Blvd. and 23rd St., which will include most of the beautiful estates, fine hotels and clubs.

OTHER POINTS of INTEREST • BAKER'S HAULOVER BRIDGE: Ocean Drive, about 7 miles north of Miami Beach. A popular place for fishing. Many large ones brought in here. • COLLINS PARK: Collins Ave., 21st to 22nd St. Home of Miami Beach Public Library. • FLAMINGO PARK: Meridian Ave. and 11th St. Recreational center of Miami Beach. Complete facilities for a large variety of sports and games. Adults and children's activities. Amphitheatre and entertainment. cA Lovely ^ome in eMiami "Beach PHOTO BY G. W. ROMER Lincoln T^pad, cfMiami

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