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A FRAMEWORK FOR GREYFIELD REDEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF OAKS MALL IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA By YING ZHOU A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2019 © 2019 Ying Zhou To my parents and friends, for their support and trust ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I would like to thank my committee chair, Dr. Ilir Bejleri, and co-chair, Dr. Kathryn Frank, for their instructions and helps. Dr. Bejleri inspires me a lot on my thesis. I used to think the thesis would be the hardest part of my graduate education, but he guides me to accomplish thesis from a simple idea step by step. Also, his patient and encouragement help me a lot when facing challenges. Dr. Frank is a kind and warm professor. Her courses help me to know planning in the U.S. systematically and inspire me to generate the original idea of this thesis. During two years of the graduate program, her warm office always opens to me when I have questions and problems. Also, I would like to thank my parents and my friends for their supports and trusts. This year, I experienced a hard time mentally; they encourage me a lot and help me to move forward. My parents give all their love to me and support me to expand my horizon. I am so lucky and appreciative to know many great friends in Gainesville, especially Ruchen Zhou and Luwei Wang, who accompanied me during the hardest time. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 7 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... 10 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 13 1.1 Problem Statement ........................................................................................... 13 1.2 Objective and Structure .................................................................................... 14 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 15 2.1 New Urbanism .................................................................................................. 15 2.2 Suburbs ............................................................................................................ 16 2.3 Greyfields .......................................................................................................... 18 2.4 Transit-Oriented Development .......................................................................... 20 3 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................... 22 3.1 Precedent Analysis ........................................................................................... 22 3.1.1 Review of Selected Precedents ............................................................... 23 3.1.2 Comparative Analysis .............................................................................. 26 3.2 Design and Visualization of the Case Studies .................................................. 26 4 PRECEDENT ANALYSIS AND RESULTS ............................................................. 28 4.1 Mizner Park, Florida .......................................................................................... 28 4.1.1 History and Context ................................................................................. 28 4.1.2 Redevelopment of the Greyfield .............................................................. 29 4.1.3 Lessons ................................................................................................... 31 4.2 Paseo Colorado, California ............................................................................... 31 4.2.1 History and Context ................................................................................. 31 4.2.2 Redevelopment of the Greyfield .............................................................. 33 4.2.3 Lessons ................................................................................................... 34 4.3 CityPlace, California.......................................................................................... 35 4.3.1 History and Context ................................................................................. 35 4.3.2 Redevelopment of the Greyfield .............................................................. 35 5 4.3.3 Lessons ................................................................................................... 37 4.4 Mashpee Commons, Massachusetts ................................................................ 37 4.4.1 History and Context ................................................................................. 37 4.4.2 Redevelopment of the Greyfield .............................................................. 38 4.4.3 Lessons ................................................................................................... 39 4.5 Results .............................................................................................................. 40 5 GREYFIELD REDEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK AND APPLICATION ................. 48 5.1 Site Analysis of the Oaks Mall Area .................................................................. 48 5.1.1 Land Use ................................................................................................. 48 5.1.2 Buildings .................................................................................................. 49 5.1.3 Transportation ......................................................................................... 49 5.1.4 Transit Stop ............................................................................................. 50 5.2 Feasible Guidelines for Greyfield Redevelopment of the Oaks Mall Area ......... 51 5.2.1 Focus of the Redevelopment ................................................................... 51 5.2.2 New Attractions of the Redevelopment ................................................... 52 5.2.3 Transit-Oriented Development ................................................................ 54 5.2.3.3 Residential area ................................................................................... 57 5.2.4 Criteria for Buildings ................................................................................ 58 5.3 Design and Visualization ................................................................................... 59 5.3.1 Land Use ................................................................................................. 59 5.3.2 Transit Stops ........................................................................................... 60 5.3.2 Retail ....................................................................................................... 60 5.3.3 Parking for Residence ............................................................................. 60 5.3.4 Public Space ........................................................................................... 61 6 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................... 81 7 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 89 LIST OF REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 91 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ............................................................................................ 94 6 LIST OF TABLES Table page 4-1 Mixed Use of Mizner Park .................................................................................. 42 5-1 Existing Land Uses in the Oaks Mall Area .......................................................... 61 5-2 Summary of Existing Buildings in the Oaks Mall Area. ....................................... 61 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure page 2-1 Commercial sprawl vs. complete community ...................................................... 21 2-2 The conception of TOD ...................................................................................... 21 3-1 Methodology framework. .................................................................................... 27 4-1 Plan of Mizner Park ............................................................................................ 43 4-2 Vertical mixed use of Mizner Park ...................................................................... 43 4-3 Participants’ views of Boca Raton’s strengths .................................................... 44 4-4 Participants’ views of Boca Raton’s weaknesses ............................................... 44 4-5 Before and after the redevelopment of the buildings .......................................... 45 4-6 Mixed use of lands and buildings in CityPlace .................................................... 45 4-7 Changes to street and block size in the CityPlace area ...................................... 46 4-8 Plan for the Mashpee Commons by DPZ Partners ............................................