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Makers of Virginia History

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Makers of Virginia History — — ^— «• ^ STORIES OF THE STATES MAKERS OF VIRGINIA HISTORY BY J. A. C. CHANDLER, Ph.D. PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH IN RICHMOND COLLEGE AND DEAN OF THE RICHMOND ACADEMY WITH MANY ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS SILVER, BURDETT AND COMPANY NEW YORK ATLANTA BOSTON DALLAS CHICAGO Copyright, 1904, by SILVER, BURDETT AND COMPANY PREFACE. Virginia has been called the " Mother of State? and of Statesmen"—a compliment justly due the ''Old Dominion." In this little book an effort has been made to give biographical sketches of some of those great leaders who have placed Virginia in the forefront of American states. One great difficulty, however, has presented itself to the author in preparing these sketches: the impossibility of treating the many great men whom our state has produced. When we consider, in ad- dition to those who are treated here, such names as Morgan the Thunderbolt, Wythe, Giles, the Harbours, Cary, Carrington, the many Lees, Doddridge, Baldwin, Tazewell, Taylor, the Masons, Stewart, Leigh, Grayson and scores of others, there seems to be no end to Virginia "s distinguished sons. Each locality in the state undoubtedly has some citizen who can truly rank as a maker of Virginia history, though his name is not men- tioned in this book. Our purpose, therefore, has been to select only a few characters in the different periods of our history, and to narrate the chief events in their lives in such a way as to give the story of Virginia history from 1607 to the present day. We believe that the best way to teach Virginia history is by holding up before the boys and girls the deeds of those men who have done so much in the making of our history, 4 PREFACE. and at the same time to give them, on a whole, characters worthy of their imitation. Children should get from their school work laudable ambitions, and there Is no better way to stimulate and inspire them than through the history of our great men. This book may be used in two ways: (1) As a history. It may be put into the hands of the pupils and taught in the same way as any history of Virginia that may be a purely chronological treat- ment. For this purpose review questions and geog- raphy study have been added to each chapter. (2) As <i supplementary reader. Every school in Virginia should have a reader which deals entirely with Virginia history, and nothing will be found so profitable and interesting to children as a reading Lesson about the men who have made our history. One result which the author earnestly hopes may be accomplished by this book is a deeper interest in the local history of the state. May every teacher in the state try to find out something about his or her lo- cality, and about the great men of that community. Let this information be taught to the children, and they will grow each day more patriotic. If a spirit of patriotism and of admiration for our great men is firmly imbedded in the youth of our land, then Vir- ginia will have 1 a race of high-minded men in whose hands the future of our dear old Commonwealth will ever be safe. J. A. C. Chandler. —— CONTEXTS. CHAPTER PAGE I. John Smith, the Adventurer 11 II.—John Smith. the Founder of Virginia " . 18 III. Pocahontas . 13 IV. Edwin Sandys 55 V. George Yeardley . VI. William Claiborne 80 VII. William Berkeley 90 VIII. Xathaniel Bacon . 99 IX.—James Blair . 110 X. Alexander Spots wood 123 XL William Byrd, Jr. 135 XII. Andrew Lewis 150 XIII. Patrick Henry 165 XIV. George Washington 179 XV. Thomas Xelson. Jr. 198 XVI. George Rogers Clark 207 XVII. Edmund Pendleton 216 XVIIL—George Mason 226 XIX. Thomas Jefferson 233 XX. James Madison 21: XXL—James Monroe 256 — 6 CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE XXII. John Marshall . 267 XXIII. John Randolph 276 XXIV.—John Tyler . 285 XXV.—Henry A. Wise . 295 XXVI. Matthew F. Maury 305 XXVII. Thomas J. Jackson 314 XXVIII.—Robert E. Lee 325 XXIX. William H. Ruffner 339 ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS. TAGE Map of Virginia. Colored. Lady Pocahontas 50 Fro7itispiece. Queen Anne, Wife The Washington Monu- James I . ment at Richmond, Vir- The Supposed Grave of ginia 10 Powhatan ... 53 Captain John Smith ... 12 Sir Edwin Sandys . SS John Smith's Combat with The Autograph of Sir Grualgo 14 Edwin Sandys . 55 John Smith's Coat of Arms 15 Lord Delaware . 57 Sir Walter Raleigh ... 18 A View of Dutch Gap 59 The Virgin Queen ... 19 Sir Thomas Smythe 62 The Stone marking the Site Sir Thomas Smythe's of Old Fort Raleigh . 21 Autograph . 62 Map showing Roanoke Earl of Southampton 63 Island 22 Nicholas Ferrar . 64 King James I 23 A Virginia Tobacco Field The Landing of Settlers at of To-day 68 Jamestown 25 A Stove Used in the House Ruins of the Old Church of Burgesses Early in the Tower at Jamestown . 27 Eighteenth Century . 73 Captain Smith Rescued by Charles I 76 Pocahontas 31 Excavations in the James- The Crowning of Pow- town Church, Showing hatan 36 the Supposed Tomb ot John Smith's Pistol ... 39 Yeardley 78 The Indian Maiden, Poca- William Claiborne ... 80 hontas 43 The First Lord Baltimore . 81 An Indian in Summer Map of the Disputed Ter- Dress 44 ritory 84 An Indian Family at Home 45 Charles II 86 ILLUSTRATIONS AM) MAI'S. PAGE PAGE . Claiborne's Autograph 88 An Indian Tomahawk . 157 The Old Church at Smith- Lord Dunmore . 159 field 9 1 Lewis's Grave at Salem 163 Roundhead and Cavalier . 93 Patrick Henry . 166 " Ruins at " Green Springs 94 Patrick Henry's Autograpl 166 Berkeley's Signature to a The Courthouse at I Ian Document . 96 over, Virginia . An Overseer's House 101 St. John's Church at Rich Bacon's Autograph . 103 mond, Virginia . Bacon Demanding His The Old P der Horn at Commission . 104 Williamsburg . , Lord Culpeper . in Red Hill, the Home of Bruton-Parish Church "3 Patrick Henry . A View of the College The Mother of George William and Mary 119 Washington . Sir Christopher Wren 121 Map of the English Col Alexander Spotswood 123 onial Territory in 1750 The Autograph of Spots George Washington as a wood 127 Young Man . Governor Spotswood and Washington's Home at the Knightsof the Golden Mount Vernon . Horseshoe Crossing the Martha Washington Blue Ridge 129 George Washington The Old Capitol at Wil- The Raleigh Tavern liamsburg 132 Federal Hall, New York A Colonial Chair .... 135 Thomas Nelson, Jr. A Plate of the Revolution . 136 Lucy Grimes Nelson King Carter 138 Blandford Church, at Evelyn Byrd 140 Petersburg, Virginia . Colonel William Byrd, Jr. 141 Lafayette The Coat of Arms of Col- Lafayette's Autograph . onel Byrd 144 General Nelson's Home at The Tomb of William Yorktown .... Byrd . 48 George Rogers Clark . ASettler's Hut in the Shen- Map Showing Boone's andoah Valley .... 151 Trail (1775) and Clark's Statue of Lewis .... l 5S Campaign (1778-79) . .211 ILLUSTRATIONS ANT) MAPS 9 PACE PAGE Map of the Old Northwest 214 The Residence of Marshall Edmund Pendleton . 216 at Richmond .... 273 A Virginia Colonial Home 218 John Randolph .... 276 Henry, Washington, and Roanoke, the Home of Pendleton Going to the John Randolph . 279 First Congress .... 223 Henry Clay 282 George Mason .... 226 Greenway, Tyler's Birth- The State Seal of Virginia 229 place 285 Thomas Jefferson . 233 John Tyler 291 "The Forest" as it Looks Sherwood Forest . 293 To-day 235 Henry A. Wise .... 295 Signing the Declaration of Washington and Lee Uni- Independence .... 238 versity 298 Monticello, Jefferson's A View of Harper's Ferry 302 Home 239 Matthew F. Maury . 307 The Autograph of Jeffer- The Grave of Maury . .311 son 241 "Stonewall" Jackson . 314 The University of Virginia 243 The Virginia Military In- The Statue of Jefferson at stitute 317 Richmond, Virginia . 245 Map of Jackson's Cam- James Madison .... 247 paign in the Valley of The Autograph of Madison 249 Virginia 321 Madison's Home at Mont- Statue of "Stonewall" pelier 250 Jackson 323 The University of Virginia, " Light-Horse Harry " Lee 325 as it Looks To-day . 253 The Arlington Home . 327 James Monroe .... 256 Joseph E. Johnston . 330 Monroe's Autograph . 256 Robert E. Lee .... ^2>3 Mrs. James Monroe . 257 Lee's Study 336 The Virginia Constitu- The Lee Statue at Rich- tional Convention of 1829 261 mond 337 Monroe's Tomb in Holly- A Deserted Plantation af- wood Cemetery . 264 ter the War .... 340 John Marshall 267 Stripping the Tobacco Leaf 342 The Rattlesnake Flag . 268 Dr. Williams RufTner . 344 MAKERS OF VIRGINIA HISTORY CHAPTER I. JOHN SMITH. 1579-1631. 1. The Adventurer. Virginia was the first permanent English colony to be planted in America. Its establishment was fraught with difficulty and trials, and it was twenty-seven years from the first undertaking till a colony was founded at Jamestown. The success of the Jamestown settlement was due to Captain John Smith, who, on account of his roving disposition, was called an adventurer. John Smith was born in 1579 in Lincolnshire, Eng- land. His parents, who were of a good English family and of some means, died when Smith was about thirteen years of age. Just before the death of his father, Smith was so anxious for adventure, that he sold his "satchel, books and all that he had, intending secretly to go to sea." His guardian, fearing his foolhardy spirit, bound him as an apprentice to a merchant. He soon 12 MAKERS OF VIRGINIA HISTORY left his master and wandered into France, Holland and Belgium, then into Scotland; but finally he returned to his native Lincolnshire, where he lived the life of a hermit and spent his time in riding and shooting.
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