Fm-, thb hum: Library Corner ...... 2 "Petals Around the Rose" ...... 3 HP-41C Flags-Part 1 ...... 4 Is the HP-65 Dead? ...... 6 "Roll" Your Own Bar Code ...... 6 "I Owe It All to My HP" ...... 7 It's "That" Time Again1 ...... 7 Book Reviews ...... 8 "25 Words" (More or Lessl) ...... 10 New Products. New Prices ...... 12

S-kr-D#rmkr 1OU) Vd. 4 NO.1

HEWLETT PACKARD HP Key Notes

The calculator would enable her to "read" What motivates a person to put in this kind A Very Special mathematical tables more easily than if they of time? "Well," Dr. Newton explains, "it's my HP-41C ... were in Braille. In fact, using Braille tables job to help people learn, and when they need would be extremely cumbersome, for each extra help because of handicaps, I'm willing to Hewlett-Packard calculators have been table or page of printed numbers would yield assist them. And besides, I'm a calculator nut. used for just about everything imaginable, four or five Braille pages. With the number of It's my hobby, and I enjoy trying to get the but the following news release presents one tables needed, Braille would be unworkable . maximum output from each machine. I collect of the better applications from the many we because of the sheer volume and the time calculators like other people collect stamps." hear about. It is being printed here for two necessary to reference each number. Thiel and its personnel have attempted to reasons: to let all of you know about it in In addition to developing Peggy's programs provide reading and counseling services for in sociology, Dr. Newton is working on a its blind students and have had at least one hopes of helping someone else, and to show financial version which would be applicable such person on campus annually for the last our appreciation for the unselfish dedica- for students interested in banking. Having decade. tion of a certain college professor in these skills a blind student could become a "Because of the costs, blind students face Pennsylvania. Here's the release: loan officer because financial functions that critical problems in securing sophisticated GREENVILLE, PA.-Beeps and bleeps in are required to use tables would be readily technical equipment which would signifi- electronic games tell youngsters of all ages available by the calculator. cantly help them. Blind persons are a distinct the score, but these sounds coming from a Dr. Newton estimates he will have another minority group, and the number of blind calculator give a blind Thiel College coed an 100 to 150 hours to develop these business opportunity to be a winner. programs. For Peggy Butler, a senior sociology major from the Pittsburgh suburb of Manor, the ability to use a highly sophisticated calculator with ready access to statistical data opens doors to career fields which previously have been closed. Peggy developed vision difficulties soon after birth, and by the time she was in elementary school was legally blind. She is a graduate of the School for the Blind, Pitts- burgh, and is assisted in getting around Thiel by her pilot dog, Cheyenne. But developing such an instrument has not come easily and has bean a labor of love on the part of one of her instructors, Dr. Mewin Newton, associate professor of mathematics at the western Pennsylvania liberal arts college. Dr. Newton has spent more than 300 volunteer hours in the last year in pro- gramming a Hewlett-Packard HP-41C to perform statistical and scientific functions to enable Peggy and other blind students to have the same facilities in mathematics and statistics to complete their courses as their sighted counterparts. The specially programmed calculator en- ables Peggy to graduate with a high level of skills, enhancing her vocational opportunities. @ For example, in her field Peggy could be a re-search sociologist on her own and would During an interview with Valorie Norman (right) on TV channel 33's "Good Morning not need someone else to do the statistical Youngstown" show, Peggy' Butler [left) and Dr. Mervin Newton discuss the calculator analysis for her. programmed for blind students. With them is Peoav's pilot dog Cheyenne. h#mkRhcllYr-.r*wr+BY Library Corner see in KEY NOTES. If you do not have an (41C) Mastermind99 Colors order form or if you are ordering from (#00436C) All of the programs highlighted in KEY Europe or Asla, a plain piece of paper wlth NOTES are available worldwide. However, your name and address and the program This program plays a nine-color version before you order any, be sure to read the numbers you dbire is certainly adequate. of the popular "Mastermind" game. It uses 1 paragraph below: "Ordering Programs." Make certain that your address is legible a simple random-number generator to and complete. establish the four-color target (can hav duplicate colors). The user then tries to USERS'PROGRAM LIBRARY Mail your order and a check or money EUROPE NEWS discover the target with successive trials. order to the Carvallis address shown on the The program will score each trial with an Because of the present long lead time that back cover of KEY NOTES. Don't forget to "X.YV system, where: X is the number of is necessary in publishing any publication of include your State or local taxes. Or, in the colors in their correct locations and Y is the the magnitude of KEY NOTES, there is still U.S., you can place your order by calling number of colors correct but nor in their quite a gap in time from when we print until toll-free: 800-547-3400, except Alaska and right locations. A score of 4.0 is a win, a you read KEY NOTES in Europe. This lost Hawaii (in Oregon call 758-1010). score of 0.0 is a totally incorrect trial. time is gradually being eliminated, but we Here's a helpful hint for customers (Enhanced from an HP-65 program by D. are still at the mercy of the time it takes to outside the U.S.: We have found that your Crouse of Allison Park, PA.) Required physically clear Customs and import-export orders are handled in a more efficient and accessories: None (103 lines, 5 pages) details on each end of the shipping function. timely manner if you will send, attached to Author: Charles S. Hodge Once in Europe, it also has to be distributed your order, an International Money Order, El Toro, California through the maze of postal services and a Foreign Draft or the equivalent, or a many borders in the European area. check. Any of these must be in U.S.dollars. However, we are making progress, and by drawn on a U.S. bank, otherwise they will (41 C) Blind Numerical Operations the next issue, we wit1 cut the present delay be returned to you, which involves a long (#00499C) in half; that should be good news for all of delay for you. Much time is wasted and you. This program will enable Blind people to orders are held up in trying to match orders "read" the numerical display. This is Also, remember that, now that you can and checks that are sent in separately, or acquire programs listed in KEY NOTES, accomplished by the calculator supplying written on checks for non-U.S. banks and in the correct number of audio tones for each these are available at the Users' Program foreign currency. Another option for you is Library Europe, In Geneva. You do not digit. Special audio signals indicate decimal to use such major credit cards as American and/or negative numbers. The original have to-and should not-order them from Express, VISA, or Mastercard. Corvallis. number is returned unaltered to the display Orders not delayed by the above prob- (except for SCI and ENG displays, which CORVALLIS LIBRARY NEWS lems can normally be shipped within 48 are returned unaltered only when they will hours after they are received in Corvallis. not fit the normal FIX display). Required Addendum I to the November 1979 accessories: None. (84 lines, 6 pages) Catalog of Contributed Programs has been Author: Mike OXegan mailed and by now should have been LIBRARY IPTIONS Nottingham, United Kingdom received by our subscribers. Now we are in the process of putting together the data and In the United States, the fee for a one- information for a complete reprinting of the year subscription to the Users' Library is (41C) Aerodynamic Properties of a Caralog, which is scheduled to go to the $20.* If you live outside the U.S., the fee is Finite Wing (Prandtl)(#00506C) printer on December 1. $30* because of considerably higher postage This program calculates the span-wise A long-overdue mailing to our Library and handling charges' KEY 'OTES is load distribution and associated aerody- subscribers outside the U.S. has just been presently free in the U.S., but in areas namic coefficients for high-aspect-ratio completed. The package includes Adden- the you must be a member Of wings. A 10 control-point, horseshoe vortex to the and the last two KEY the Library in order to receive it. The only dum I Caralog approximation to Prandtl's lifting line NOTES (March 1980 V4N1 and August exception is the free one-year subscription theory is used. The program is restricted to 1980 V4N2). We will establish a more presently offered to most purchasers of the symmetrically loaded unswept wings with HP-41 C. regular mailing schedule for our friends in linear taper and twist and to incompressible other countries, and wish to express our flow fields. Reauired accessories: Math Pac appreciation of their patience. 1 NEW PROGRAMS I and two Memory Modules. (366 lines, 1 3 pages) Here are some recent submittals to Author: John Orosa ORDERING PROGRAMS Corvallis Users' Library. All of the p University of Florida grams in this issue are available worldwide, HP-67/97 and HP-41 C programs men- bur before you order, be sure to read tioned in KEY NOTES are now available (above): "Ordering Programs." (41C) Navigation Package (#00511C) from both the Library in Corvallis and the Library in Geneva. Readers in Europe This program solves celestial sight of any should order from Geneva (address on back U.S. dollars. Ordersfiom anywhere outside the U.S. heavenly body and gives line of position. It cover) to get quicker service. Readers must include a negorrable check (or money order), in an almanac for sun and stars. A U.S. dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank. All orders from elsewhere should order from Corvallis, anywhere oursrde rhe U.S. musr rnclude an addrr~onal nautical is required for the where programs cost $6* each, and each 10 percent for specral handling and alr marlpostoge. and planets. The Program also solves Great program includes documentation and a (For example, an orderfor two programs = 86 X 2 = Circle problems and Dead Reckoning prerecorded magnetic card (or cards). $12 81.20 = $13.20 toral.) Ifyou lrve in Europe, YOU sailings.-~lthoughit uses 722 lines, only 8 Whenever possible, use the Users' Library can order direcrlyfrom Geneva, bur make certain )ou storage registers are used. The program is make paymen! as required by rhe Users' Program Order Form in your Catalog of Contributed Library Europe: rhe above $6 fee IS good only for easy to operate, with prompting and Programs to place orders for programs you orders to rhe Corvallrs L~brar). automatic execution. Required accessories:

Page 2 KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80

HP Computer Museum www.hpmuseum.net

For research and education purposes only. Two Memory Modules; Printer and Card and both are labors of love by their authors. Addition; Position Shift by Vector; SAR Reader optional. (722 lines, 22 pages) Back in November of 1979 (Vol. 3 No. 4) Datum; Position ErrorISearch Area; SAR Author: Bill Kohlmoos we published the abstract for #67000-99973, Decision Aid; Search Planning; Sector Ely, Nevada Full Poker-5-Card Draw, by John C. Search; and Speed-Time-Distance. They are Nelson of Des Moines, Iowa. This master- NOT available separately. (Navigation? In East Central Nevada? piece of documentation was 47 pages, 7 Well, Ely is at 6,421 feet in altitude, so I magnetic cards, 1,147 lines, and included "Petals Around suppose you can see the stars very well! even a cross-referenced flow diagram. It the Rose" Regardless, Mr. Kohlrnoos has done a good sold for $22.50,* and many an HP-67/97 No, we're not using calculators to grow job, despite being550 miles from the Pacifir owner thought it worth the price. But, to get flowers. But, then, a few of you already do Coast.- Ed.) to the point, below the abstract in KEY know what the title means. For those who NOTES was an editorial note that started: don't, here's the story behind "Petals (41C) Yacht Racing Rules Judge Here is a good challenge for someone with Around the Rose," at least as told by the (#00520C) an HP-4IC .... Well, someone did convert author of this HP-41C program, Edward poker to the HP-41C, and we are happy to The program uses a decision tree to M. Keefe of Ankeny, Iowa, who writes print the foIlowing abstract. determine which yacht should be disquali- absolutely remarkable appendages to his This "special" program is titled, Poker- fied in any "right-of-way" situation. Multi- fascinating programs. 5-Card Draw #67000-99966, and the price is boat situations are not directly covered but "Once upon a time ... during World War II, $22.50.* The author of (his epic is Norman may be resolved by solving for two adjacent General Montgomery called his staff together J. Gordon of Los Altos HiIls, California. yachts and then iterating. The program will and declared that he would grant a weekend His HP-41C version of poker consists of assist both race protest committees and pass to any and all officers who could come up 945 lines, 9 magnetic cards, 20 pages, and all students of NAYRU rules. Required acces- with the correct answer to a simple guessing of the wonderful features of the HPdIC, in game. sories: Three Memory Modules; Printer particular alpha prompting. Here's the He produced five dice and proceeded to roll and Card Reader desirable. (367 lines, 12 abstract: them. Each time, he queried, "How many pages) (41C) You play a fully automatic game of petals are there around the rose?" He Author: Lawrence M. Kazanowski Five-Card Draw-Poker, with full prompting assumed that all of his officers, being highly Walled Lake, Michigan for all phases of ante, betting, drawing, educated men, would "crack the puzzle" in short order. But, as the story goes, at the end raising, staying, etc. You play agoinst the of an entire weekend of tiring dice rolling, no (41 C) Banner (#00530C) calculator, which can be assigned as one had cracked the puzzle. Since that day, aggressive a personality as you wish. This is very few people have actually solved the This program greatly facilitates making a full simulation, including a bluffing puzzle (except for several hundred precocious special characters for the printer, and it will capability. Be aware of one important children, a handful of mathematical geniuses, cause them to be printed at the normal size detail: the calculator does not cheat! and some adults who claim to have psychic or in "banner" form. In banner form, Accessories required: Three Memory Mod- powers). Those who have successfully solved characters are printed vertically along the ules and o Cord Reader. the puzzle have since banded together in a paper; that is, when the characters exit the society known as the Order of the Rose. There Our second "special" was initially devel- printer, they are facing downwards. Each is only one rule for this noble society and that oped for the HP-65 but was adapted and "dot" is printed as a double-wide character is the rule of OMERTA-silencel-secrecy! No later improved for the HP-67. It is actually 31, a sort of checkerboard square. You may one may reveal the method by which she or a collection of programs that were adapted he has solved the puzzle and what is the also label columns. The size (length) of the from many sources, including HP's Naviga- significance of the phrase "Petals Around the banner is limited only to the number of tion Pac, and all of them related to "Search Rose." current storage registers allocated. Re- and Rescue (SAR)," having been originated I, personally, have seen grown men and quired accessories: Printer; program while the author was attending the National women driven to much drink after many hours should be run with one Memory Module. of trying to guess the significance of the five, (214 lines, 9 pages) Search and Rescue School at the U.S. Coast frustrating dice and the cabalistic and oft'- Guard Training Center, Governors Island, Author: David Hayden repeated phrase "Petals Around the Rose." New York. This special program encom- Rocky Hill, New Jersey I have also since realized that, for those passes 81 1 lines, 10 magnetic cards, and 53 who tend to be introspective and like to pages, of which, three pages explain exactly "watch" their brain at work, this little puzzle (97) Perspective Plottings for Archi- what the "pac" is, what it does, and how to provides an interesting, but somewhat erst- tecture and Engineering (#04419D) use it. As you now suspect, it is a while, illustration of the rudiments of the monumental and well-documented effort. It scientific method in process." Given the three-dimensional coordinates was contributed by Terence M. Bills, Well, that's the story; here's the abstract: of a set of points, this program computes presently at the USCG Base in Ketchikan, (41C) Petals Around the Rose and prints the respective coordinates for a Alaska. It is titled: Search and Rescue Pac (#00479C) ($6.00*) perspective projection on a vertical plane, #67000-99970, and the price is $26.508. corresponding to a given position of the The HP-41 C "rolls" five dice (watch them Here is the abstract: view point. (222 lines, 17 pages) dance across the display!). You are to guess (67197) The SAR PAC system of Authors: Antonio Costa & Celia Zatti the number of ?petals around the rose."The programs is designed for rapid solution of Belo Horizonte, Brazil HP-41 C will tell you if your guess is right or Search and Rescue position, area, and wrong. After 10 incorrect guesses it will give coverage problems in the oceanic environ- one hint. And, after three correct guesses in SOME SPECIAL PROGRAMS ment. The SAR PAC develops all solutions a row, it will dub you a "knight or lady" of without the use of maneuvering boards or the rose. Accessories required: One Occasionally, programs submitted to the other graphic aids, and it is designed for use Memory Module. (145 lines, 7 pages) Library are put in a category of "Special by SAR planners and units. Programs that U.S. dollars. This is a regular Library program. and it Program," by virtue of length, value, etc. make up this pac are: Wind Current is available from both Geneva and Corvallis. See The two programs that follow are "Special," Factors; Wind Current Vector; Vector "Ordering Program" on page X. U.S. dollars. See "Ordering Programs" on page 2 before you order these Special programs. These programs are available only from the Coruallis Library. KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 Page 3 HP-41C Flags-Part 1 SF nn-Set Flag nn FS?C 05 Normal use of flags, only one CF nn-Clear Flap, nn C LX program line executed if true; Because of its length, this article was split FS? nn-Flag Set test nn ST + 01 continues with this line. into two parts. Part 1 covers general flag FC? nn-Flag Clear test nn This application is an excellent example of - concepts and flags 00-29 except flags 12, 13, using a flag instruction. Suppose, however. and 21. Part 2 will cover all remaining flags, where nn is a two-digit flag number (nn may ( range from 00 to 55, with certain restric- you only wanted to subtract 10 from the and will be published in the next issue of score instead of giving no score for a wrong KEY NOTES. tions). The Flag Clear test is the logic inverse of the Flag Set test in that the next move. This requirement is not met with a Flags are often confusing to the be- single flag test, and you may be tempted to ginning programmmer, and they are fre- instruction line is executed if the flag is clear (tests true) rather than set. This type of use a subroutine. However, the following quently inefficiently used. The HP-41C not instruction sequence is memory efficient only offers the programmer more flags than general-purpose flag is a simple flag. Programming, however, like life, is not and simply tests the flag twice to gain an previously available on any personal pro- extra "test true" program line. grammable calculator, but also more pow- always simple, as Dalton soon found out. erful flags and new flag instructions. Before Dalton was pleased with his Jag,-er, FS? 05 Testing flag twice gains an we explore the flags on the HP-41C, lets sign-idea until one day he stopped to pick 10 extra program line. describe and define the flag concept in up some packages and his customer said, FS?C 05 A subroutine may use more - general. "Sorry you stopped Dallon. Iforgot to take memory than the two-byte flag down the sign." It soon became obvious to ST +01 test to perform the same Dalton operates a package delivery ser- Dalton that he should take down the sign operation vice. During the morning run he picks up when he entered the building, so he The HP-41C has 56 flags available to the packages from his customers, and during immediately adopted this practice. Now, he user. These are of two types: General the afternoon he delivers them. To save time would know that his customer intentionally Purpose and Dedicated. The general pur- he asks his customers who have packages to put up the sign for apackage pick-up. pose flags are used in program the same way be picked up to place a brightly colored sign The flag operation that Dalton's new Dalton used his signs. The dedicated flags procedure performs is test, then clear the in their window. As he drives his route, he are used to control the calculator or its looks for his signs in his customers' flag. Two new flag instructions on the peripherals. Table 1 lists all 56 flags with windows and only stops ij'a sign has been HP-41C perform this type of operation. number, name, and action taken if set. The placed in the agreed location. They are: HP41C may change the status of a flag The example above illustrates the flag FS?C nn-Flag Set test, then Clear flag under certain conditions, and this informa- concept. The sign is the flag. When the nn. tion is given in the Status at Turn-on customer places the sign in the window he FC?C nn-Flag Clear test, then Clear column. "sets" the flag. When he removes the sign he flag nn. The table is divided into two parts: FULL-USE FLAGS and TEST-ONLY "clears" the flag. When Dalton drives by he These new and more powerful instructions looks at the window to see if the sign is FLAGS. The full-use flags, except the are illustrated in figure 1. The problem printer flags, are discussed below. All present (flag set) or not (flag clear). In doing illustrated is one in which you want to this he tests the flag. He then takes one of remaining flags will be covered in the next execute a routine twice, using a flag to issue of KEY NOTES. two actions. He stops if the sign is present control program execution. (flag tests set) or he continues if it is not Flags 00-04 These first 5 of the 11 general- (flag tests clear). It is important to realize SF 05 SF 05 purpose flags show their set status as that the customers' actions are independent LBL 01 LBL 01 annunciators 0-4 in the display. These flags of Dalton's. The customer may change his are useful for editing purposes, warnings, mind (and the sign) several times during the FC? 05 FS?C 05 and prompts. If the clear flag instruction day as to whether he wants Dalton to stop. GTO 02 GTO 01 follows the set flag instruction too closely, As long as he has the sign up when Dalton CF 05 the display will not have enough time to drives by he will have his packages picked GTO 01 turn on the annunciator so that the eye can LBL 02 UP. see it. Three to five program lines between The flag does not take a stack or data Figure 1. Execute Routine 01 twice. them is usually adequate. A good training register. A flag is a memory that stores the Routine on left uses simple flags, exercise is to write a short program that information set or clear. The flag test routine on right saves five bytes by repeatedly sets flags 00-04 in sequence and instruction is a form of conditional branch using "test then clear" flag instruction. then clears them in reverse (or same) order. instruction that directs one of two courses The routine on the left in figure I of program execution. An instruction illustrates a dilemma for the efficiency Flags 05--11 These seven flags, like flags 00 sequence that implements the ideas of conscious programmer. If the flag test is to 04, are general-purpose flags imple- Dalton's Delivery Service is shown below. true, the programmer has only one program menting the function Dalton performed Flag 05 is used. line in which to do what he/she wants to do, with his signs. Their concept is illustrated in then continues execution with the next the examples above. 01 FS? 05 program lines. Very often the instruction 02 STOP b3 Continue that follows the flag test is a GTO or XEQ Flag 11 If set, flag I I will cause program instruction because of this. execution to start where the program The Flag Set test, FS?, follows the memory Consider this application: In a game pointer is when the HP-41C is turned on. aid rule "do if true." If the flag tests true- program, flag 05 is set to indicate that any Once turned on, the HP-41C clears the flag that is, it is set-do the following instruc- score obtained would not be added to (see table I), so the program should include tion. If the test is not true-that is, the flag register 01 if the player makes the wrong an SF 11 instruction if automatic execution is clear--skip one line. move; otherwise the player's score is added. is desired. A playful trick that illustrates the The HP-41C has four, simple, general- Assuming the score is in the X-register, the features of flag 11 is to key the following purpose flag instructions. They are: flag test would be: into a friend's HP-41C.

Page 4 KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 LBL E Press "E" in USER mode. the routine turns on ALPHA, any key occurred. The illustrative routine below SF11 except R/S will set the flag. calculates the factorial of a number and OFF displays N > 69 is this condition occurs. Try GTO E Program execution starts here Flag 24 Ifa numerical calculation produces programming this without using flags and at turn-on. a number too large or too small, that is, you will probably use more memory. overflow (f 9.999999999 99), program execution will stop and an error message LBL A g) The same routine mav be recorded on a "OUT OF RANGE" will be displayed. This SF 25 magnetic card. If flag II is set when it is is also true for manual operation. If flag 24 FACT N > 69 causes error, operation recorded, program execution will start is set, the error message will not be FS? 25 not performed, flag 25 cleared. immediately at the beginning of the STOP displayed, and a value of "all nines" will be program when the program is read back in. T~ > 69 used as the "answer." Program execution Perhaps the following routine, recorded AVlEW will not stop. with flag I I set, would be handy to have STOP Flag 25 This popular and often-used flag is around for your overly curious HP-41C always cleared, when an improper opera- friends. Mark the card: "Do Not Read This tion is performed. This is a general error Card." flag that may be used to detect if an error (Continued) NOTE WALL cards record the program pointer. If Table 1. HP-41C Flags a set of WALL cards, recorded with flag I I FLAG FLAG IF SET STATUS AT set, is read in, program execution starts at NO. NAME (OR SET BY) TURN-ON' the recorded program pointer. FULL-USE FLAGS LBL 14 General Purpose 00-04 annunciators. CF 27 Clears USER annunciator. Automatic Execution Program execution starts when HP-41C CF 21 Prevents printer from printing is turned on. T~~~~~~ LOST Printer Double Wide Prints all double wide. AVlEW Printer Lowercase Alphabetics in lowercase letters. STOP Card Reader Overwrite Writes on cards with clipped corners. Future use Flag 14 Set flag 14 to write on a "clipped- Printer Enable Flag 55 usually set. cornerWcard.The flag need only be set once Numeric lnput Numeric data entry. for a multi-track write operation. Flag 14 is Alpha lnput Alpha data entry. cleared when the write operation is com- Range Error Ignore Range error is ignored. pleted or terminated using the correction Error Ignore Operation not performed, flag cleared. Audio Enable Tones audible. key. This flag allows all recorded User Mode USER mode. magnetic cards to have their corners clipped Decimal Point Radix is decimal point. for "accidental write" protection. Digit Grouping Comma separates groups of three digits. Flags 15-20 These flags are reserved for future use, but may be used as general- TEST-ONLY FLAGS purpose flags. Note that they are cleared Set =Yes, Clear = No; "NONEXISTENT" if set or clear is attempted when the HP41C is turned off. In your Catalog Executing "CATALOG" program documentation, be sure to note Peripheral Connected peripheral. that they are being used. Number of Digits 8 of 9 digits displayed. Number of Digits 4, 5, 6, or 7 digits displayed. Flag 22 Numeric input from the keyboard Number of Digits 2. 3, 6, or 7 digits displayed. sets flag 22. Numeric input may be detected Number of Digits 1, 3. 5, 7, or 9 digits displayed. by testing flag 22, as illustrated by the Display Format FIX display; SCI if both clear. following demonstration routine. Display Format ENG display; SCI if both clear. Grads Mode GRAD mode; DEG if both clear. 01 LBL E Starts routine (in USER Mode). Radians Mode RAD mode; DEG if both clear. 02 CF 27 Turns off USER mode for clean Continuous On (XEQ ON) Won't shut off in 10 minutes. display. System Data Entry System data entry. Insures flag not set by previous Partial Key Sequence c, 4 entry. Shift Set "SHIFT" c. 4 04 T~~~~~? Alpha Mode ALPHA mode. C 05 AVlEW Asks for input. Low Battery Low battery. M 06 PSE Waits for numeric input. Message Display contains status/error message. c. 4 07 FS? 22 Tests flag 22. SST Single-step. c. 4 08 BEEP Signals calculator detected Program Mode PRGM mode. c. 4 input. 1/0 I/O device is ready. NA 09 GTO E Continue wait loop (display Pause NA, 4 blinks). Printer Existence 2 The HP-41C will only accept inputs during the PSE statement. NOTES: - C = Cleared. M = Maintained by Continuous Memory. Flag 23 This flag is similar to flag 22 with NA = Not applicable. the exception that ALPHA input sets the S = Set. flag. The routine above may be used to 1 = "Master Clear" clears flag. demonstrate flag 23 by changing line 07 to 2 = Flag 21 is set to match flag 55 at turn-on. FS? 23, by adding AON following line 03, 3 = "Master Clear" sets flag. and by changing line 03 to CF 23. Because 4 = Always tests clear. KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 Page 5 NOTE Gentlemen: recorded on the same card (-12A), merely It 1s always wise to clear F25 (FST25) after I am a physicist, working at the Raman turn the card end-for-end and pass it 1 use to ensure that other lmproper opera- Research Institute, Bangalore, (India). through the HP-65 again. (On the HP-65, tlons do not occur unnotrced. Try ~t! I have been a user of one of the HP only one edge-or track-was recorded on handheld calculators for some time. Recently, prerecorded cards.) Operations that use data registers that are there was an unintentional demonstration of the inherent ruggedness of this calculator. "NONEXISTENT" because of incorrect - One weekend, by mistake. I left my LBL 1 RCL 3 size may make good use of flag 25. Instead D ST0 2 ST0 X of stopping with "NONEXISTENT" in the calculator, without its protective case, on top of my desk, and with my second-floor office f LBL + ST0 dispIay, they may display "SET SIZE window open. Over the weekend, the office TF 1 2 1 + NNN" etc. was ransacked by a herd of monkeys, and GTO 0 RCL 1 5 Flag 26 This flag "turns off" the TONE and several of my things, including the HP-27 2 ST01 DSP - BEEP instructions. Each TONE takes without its protective case, were thrown out ST0 4 ST0 5 0 RCL 3 about I/q second, and this time may be of the window-a drop of about 20feet-onto 'RCL 3 RCL6 R/S - "saved" when flag 26 is cleared. a bed of thin grass but otherwise hard soil. ST0 6 f DSP CHS Flag 27 This flag controls USER mode. The calculator still works perfectly. 'RCL 2 SF 1 R/S 'RCL 7 LBL 3 GTO Include a CF 27 in your routines if you have Yours sincerely, 'RCL 5 1 RCL 4 1 assigned functions to numeric keys to avoid Radendra Bhandari X ST0 3 RCL2 conflicts of "numbers versus functions." r Flag 28 Users in the United States separate 'STD-12A card register/data f the integer and decimal parts of a number s" with a decimal point radix. Users in Europe R5 E Int. Paid often prefer a comma for the radix. For a Is the HP-65 Dead? RI N ~g i/lOO n Re PVo j decimal point, set flag 28; for a comma, No! And here's a contribution to prove Ti clear flag 28. R3 Pvcurrent R7 n** I that it still lives on, faithful as ever. It is R4 PMT R8 PMTo" + Flag 29 Often commas are used to group from Charles Carrier of Long Beach, digits to the left of the radix in groups of N I California, and it is actually a routine that =Payment Counter ; three. If flag 28 is clear and flag 29 is set, the adds to and improves one of the ~tandhrd "Not used in running program. R RB grouping is done with decimals and the Pac programs. 3 radix is a comma. The number 123456.7891 "4 HP-65 Amortization Schedule. This rou- If appropriate, key in the new payment 6 (U.S. convention, radix is decimal) would tine generates a direct repayment (mort- amount. Press the key and, in the i+ i~ be displayed as shown below for all gage) loan~schedule.The STD-12A card is running program, the first R/S is the combinations of flag 28 and 29. used to input data, and the payment that is payment number (DSP 0), followed by the I : calculated (rounded) should compare to current PV (principal value). After a Remarks Display Flag Flag that actually assessed. (Any discrepancy payment number is displayed, RCL 5 gives 28 29 should be resolved!) Because it can be the total interest paid up to that point. Also, European, 123456,7891 clear clear no grouping European, 123.456.7891 clear set grouped graph his letter and reproduce it here for U.S.. 123456.7891 set clear "Roll" Your Own you. We don't advocate that you rush down no grouping Bar Code! to the store and buy a typewriter like Mr. U.S.. 123,456.7891 set set Orr's. but we do advocate the incredible grouped Because John T. Orr of Spokane, ingenuity of our readers. Thanks, Mr. Orr, Washington did such a neat job of for sharing your discovery with KEY Flag 29 has an important use with AVIEW. compiling his letter, we decided to photo- NOTES'readers. If you want numbers displayed as integers Dear Editor: without a decimal point, use FIX 0 with flag 29 cleared before ARCL and AVIEW At least one typrwriter, which does not use a dais): wheel print element instructions. can produce bar code readable using an HP-41C wand! All flag instructions are two bytes and I use an Olivetti Lexikon 94C, with an "OCR" typing element(ball), and may be used as indirect instructions. Proper set the horizontal spacing at 18 characters per inch. The shifted "6" use of the HP-41C flags can save memory. key produces a vertical bar 1/36" wide followed by a 1/36" space, so The examples given for the flags discussed a 0 is made with one keystroke. The ''a''-''$'' key produces a 1/18'' bar were intended to illustrate their character- usable as a 1, however the following space must be inserted by pressing istics. In our next issue we will continue the space bar and the back space key(either one first). This method with the printer control flags and the TEST makes a narrow bar code which is difficult to read with the wand, how- ONLY flags 30-55. ever a wider bar may be be produced by shifting down a half space, and repeating the key sequence.

We Get Letters "BEEP" Every once in a while we like to show you Doubt if this meets the HP standards for bar code--However it a letter about our products, because we does work with my mnd and HP-LIC! know that you are convinced they are the best. And, let's face it, we like to brag about them because we are proud of our Sincerely, calculators. They have survived all sorts of abuse. but here is a new wrinkle!

Page 6 KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 perform other calculations as needed here. Then press (to continue. In case you do something wrong, you can get back to "square one" by pressing again. Also, with half the program memory, three registers, and four user-definable ? labels left, individual needs or applications can be read~lyaccommodated. (Thank you, Mr. Carrier, for this HP-65 input. It has been a while since I've seen one. Actually, most HP-65's are still going strong; it is only the rnputs that are dead- or at least scarce.- Ed.)

The Pause That's Misleading No matter how carefully one checks a book that contains information about complex machines, it seems that uncanny, inexplicable errors slip by. Sometimes the error is just one word, and in this case, it is a word that means just the opposite of what we wanted to say. If you have a very early printing of the Owner's Handbook and Programming "I Owe It All To My HP" Guide for the HP-41C, you might have a If you have been a longtime reader of this economic and scientific intelligence. copy that contains an error on page 147. In newsletter (now in its seventh year!), you Just now, I am special Assistant for Space the next-to-last paragraph on that page, the should recognize the person on the left in Policy in the Office of the Deputy Under sentence-in error-reads: "Pressing any the photograph. (Reference: HP-65 KEY Secretary of Defense for Policy Review other keys during a pause, that is, any keys NOTE, VIN5p8, V2N2p6, V2N3p8.) For- (Admiral Daniel J. Murphy), having come to defense from the White House in October not associated with data entry, causes the merly on the White House staff, he is Dr. pause to terminate the program and 1977. I'm still going full-bore with my HP-67 Gus W. Weiss, Jr., who is just one of the (which I used on something as complicated as program execution halts." The last word in "celebrities" who believes in and thoroughly D that sentence should be "continues," not the reentry of SKYLAB), even though I've uses an HP card-programmable calculator. graduated to a full-system HP-41C. It has "halts." In this case, Dr. Weiss applies his calculator become my traveling ENIAC. We thought we had caught that error, but to solving many of the vexing problems and I still enjoy KEY NOTES, with all the tips, evidently some copies of that handbook challenges that confront the United States and am getting plenty of mileage out of the printing got into shipping boxes. Several in these troubled times. Users' Library. people have written to KEY NOTES lately When we heard about Dr. Weiss winning Regards to all, to inform us the error exists. Just change another of the many awards he has received GUSW. Weiss, Jr., Washington, DC that one word, and you'll have a true for his outstanding service to his Country, statement. we asked him to send us some details and (Congratulations, Dr. Weiss! I'll bet that perhaps a photo. Here is his reply. a lot of readers think the title of this article Dear Henry: is an exaggeration. However, I know it isn 1; Agronomists Wanted Enclosed is my promised photo with Admiral Stansfield Turner, Director of Cen- rhat's why I chose ir. Also, ir is very We don't often print this type of letter, tral Intelligence, showing me receiving the cornforring to know that an HP-IIC, in but we feel there is some merit in doing so Intelligence Medal Merit of the Central good hands, is helping to make this a better this time. It just might result in getting more Intelligence Agency. The ceremony took place world in which to live. Thanks again, Dr. food to the world's poorer people. on 18 August 1980, and the award was for Weiss,for the photo and letter.-Ed.) Herewith: "I am an agronomist and a teacher at the Buenos Aires National University. I have an HP-67 and am looking for agronomy pro- It's "That" Time Again! Alternate Minimum Tax-Joint Returns. grams; that is, in addition to those listed in the If you don't live in the U.S. (most of you Maximum Tax--Joint Returns. HP-67/97 Users' Library. I'd like to contact Single Taxpayers Income Averaging- other agronomists around the world. Please do), you can skip this article. It concerns the publish this letter in the next KEY NOTES, and yearly duty each income-earning person in Tax Table A and Schedule Z. this might lead to a greatly enriched "Agri- the U.S. is subject to: paying Federal Married lndividuals Income Averaging- culture" section of the Library.'' lncome Tax to the I.R.S. But it can be Tax Table Band C, Tax Rate Schedule Y. somewhat easier to compile your taxes if Head of Household lncome Averaging- Sincerely, you use your HP-41C calculator, so we put Tax Table D and Tax Rate Schedule Z. Daniel Leiva together a Users' Library Solutions Book New Jobs Credit. Estates and Trusts Tax Rate Schedule, Tacuari 572 called 1980 Taxes. The part number is (1 706)HAEDO 00041-90338 and the price a! your HP State Death Taxes Credit Table. Estate Pcia de Bs. As. dealer is $12.50.* Bar code is included in and Gift Tax Table. REPUBLICA ARGENTINA this book. Among the programs are: Corporate Tax Schedule. (Cont inued) KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 Page 7 By the time you read this, the book And remember: for professionals, the cost is 1 H. Acknowledgements should be available at your HP dealer. Or tax-deductible. Plus, the publisher offers a Chapter 2. Inside the HP-41C you can order directly from Corvallis; firm money-back guarantee. 2A. Calculator Language: Bits, Nybbles and however, an added handling charge of $3.50 Bytes 28. The Byte Table (see Editorial) will increase the price of the 2C. Register. Please book to $16.00.* Be sure to include any SYNTHETIC PROGRAMMING ON 2D. Memory Partitioning State or local taxes (on the $16 price). 2E. The Key Assignment Registers And, don't forget the best part: the book THE HP-41C, by Dr. William C. Wickes, is Chapter3. Exotic Editing with the Byte is tax deductible! a new book that just came off the press on Jumper November 21. It is in 8.5 by 11-inch (21.6 by 3A. Normal Editing * U.S. dollars. See note at botrorn edge of cover. 28 cm) format, is 96 pages, and is 30. The Byte Jumper saddlestitch bound, with a "stiff" cover Chapter 4. The Status Registers (much the same as our "Library Solutions" 4A. Strange Postfixes books). 48. The Alpha Register If you own an HP-41C, and you like to 4C. Register O Book Reviews havefun with your calculator, oryou like to 4D. The Flag Register learn how to better use it, you will be 4E. The Key Assignment Flags Books are reviewed or announced in 4F. The Address Pointer and the Return interested in this book. "Synthetic Pro- Stack KEY NOTES only as a service to our gramming" is the art of HP-41C pro- readers. A review here does not represent an 4G. Register c and Memory Partitioning gramming using "new" HP41C functions Chapter 5. Programs for Programming endorsement by Hewlett-Packard. If you and text characters not described in the 5A. Unseemly Displays are unsure about the contents of a book, we HP-4lC Owner's Handbook and Pro- 5B. Register Exchanges and Normalization suggest you first check with a local gramming Guide. The "new" functions are 5C. Getting Started: "CODE" bookstore; if that fails, write to the created in program memory, or assigned to 5D. Storage in Program Registers publisher. Availability problems also user keys, by "exotic" editing of standard 5E. Synthetic Key Assignments should be addressed to the publisher, not to functions. The techniques will work on any 5F. Creation of Synthetic Program Lines 5G. Enhanced Byte Jumping KEY NOTES. HP41C and do not involve any modifica- 5H. The Text Enabler CALCULA TOR CALCULUS, by Pro- tion of the calculator. fessor George McCarty was first reviewed 51. The Q-Loader The book describes the complete theory 5J. Backtalk From the HP-41C four years ago in HP-65 KEY NOTE, the and application of synthetic programming, 5K. Code Storage predecessor of this newsletter. Since then, starting from scratch. You do need to be 5L. Getting to the .END. the book has been revised, and a new, soft- familiar with the HP-41C owner's hand- Chapter 6. Applications bound edition has been released. It covers book, but you do not need any other 6A. SIZE-finding and Other Tricks such subjects as: Squares, Square Roots, calculator or computer experience. All of 6B. Fun and games in the Alpha Register and the Quadratic Formula; More Func- the information in the book was derived 6C. Character Recognition tions and Graphs; Limits and Continuity; from actual experimentation with the 6D. SyntheticText Lines and the Printer Differentiation, Derivatives, and Differen- 6E. NNN's and Mass Flag Control HP-41C. The author is a calculator user- 6F. Raising the Curtain tials; Maxima, Minima, and the Mean just like you. Value Theorem; Trigonometric Functions; 6G. Application Pacs: Sneaking in the Back No HP-41C peripherals are required Door Definite Integrals; Logarithms and Expon- (although any peripheral is helpful, just as Chapter 7. Amusing Anomalies ential~;Volumes; Curves and Polar Co- for normal programming). However, tem- 7A. 128Tones ordinates; Sequence and Series; Power porary use of a Memory Module is 78. Tricks with System Flags Series; Taylor Series; Differential Equa- necessary to get started for the first time. 7C. Flying the Goose Backwards tions; and an appendix that covers "Some Virtually any HP-41C program can be Appendix 1. Number Systems Calculation Techniques and Machine enhanced with the use of synthetic functions Appendix 2. The Bar Code HexTable Appendix 3. Program Bar Code Tricks." Also included are "Reference Data and texts. Thus, the book should appeal to and Formulas," and a Bibliography and an any HP-41C owner who does his or her own Index. programming. To help you along, the book So, in 254 pages (5.3 by 8.5 inches; 13.5 contains listings of 25 programs (bar code is by 21.6 cm) there is an enormous amount of provided for the longest routines). And, The author is this remarkable book started information. Yet, the step-by-step methods, when you learn synthetic programming, with an HP-45 and "graduated" to the worked-out examples, simple exercises, and your HP-41C will become an even "friend- programmable world of the HP-65, HP-67, practical problems allow you to cut right lier" machine than it was before. and now the HP-41C. He is currently through the normal confusion encountered Is the book for everyone? We don't Assistant Professor of Physics at the in this subject. The author explains each honestly know, but we do know that, before University of Maryland (in College Park) idea with calculator examples instead of it was published, it was reviewed by both and uses his HP-41C for such esoteric formal proofs. It is a useful book, and it is novice and expert programmers, and it things as research in the application of very clearly written and easy to read. didn't scare either group. It boils down to quantum electronic devices, solving pro- Dr. McCarty received his Ph.D. in this: If you enjoy using your HP-41C and blems in astrophysics and cosmology, and mathematics at UCLA. He has taught at the want to get even more out of it, you'll like solving the puzzle of Rubik's cube. He's University of Chicago and Harvey Mudd this book. married, has two children who are both College (California) and is now at the Here is the Table of Contents: budding "calculator freaks" [his term, not University of California at Irvine. mine- Ed.], likes sailing and two-man The book lists for $14.95* plus $1 for Chapter 1. Introduction volleyball, was born in California in 1946, postage and handling (or $3 by AIR), U.S. 1A. Synthetic Programming and was selected as an "Outstanding Young or foreign. California residents must add 1B. Purpose and Organization Man of America, 1979" by the U.S. Jaycees. 1C. The Origin of Synthetic Programming 90e sales tax. If you order it, the address is: Mr. Wickes received his B.S. degree in 1D. No Risk to the HP-41 C EduCALC Publications 1E. Some Conventions . physics from UCLA in 1967 (graduated Box 974 (KN) 1F. Prerequisites Magna cum Laude; elected to Phi Beta Laguna Beach, CA 92652 U.S.A. 1G. References Kappa and Sigma Pi Sigma). His M.A.

Page 8 KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 visit the East Coast for an IEEE show, so he Book Order Department took enough time to visit Captain Shufeldt U.S. Naval lnstitute and to demonstrate what calcularors could Annapolis, MD 21 402 do in navigation. Direct orders should include an additional It was at the Captain's suggestion that $2.50* for postage and handling. Ken submitted his first scientific paper to For orders outside the U.S., send your the Institute of Navigation, and it was the order to: Captain who insisted that they could collaborate on a book. Their book proposal Book Promotion Manager had already been turned down by one Naval Institute Press publisher when the Naval Institute Press Annapolis. MD21402 U.S.A. approached the Captain about reprinting and you will be billed when the book is the slide rule book. He suggested that they shipped. You probably will be charged print a new updated version instead and extra postage. they agreed. Allprices are in U.S. dollars. See nore or borrom edge Ken has visited Captain Shufeldt's Mary- of cover. All orders from outside rhe U.S. should land home only four times, but through include an lnrernarional Money Order, a Foreign those visits and their correspondence and Drafl or the equivalenl, or a check, and any of these must be in U.S.dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank. telephone calls they have become fast friends. Each continues to be impressed with the abilities and accomplishments of the other. They have an idealized grandfather-grandson kind of relationship KEY NOTES SCHEDULE that both of them enjoy. Of the many specialties that benefit from The year 1980 is rapidly waning as 1 write the existence of handheld computing power, this column, and heavily on my mind is an (1969) and Ph.D. (1972) are from Princeton the practice of navigation stands para- overriding conclusion: there will not be a University. where he stayed as assistance mount. Almost no other discipline is as "Number 4" issue of Volume 4 of HP KEY professor until 1977. And, as you easily can dependent on complicated trigonometric NOTES. There are many reasons for this imagine, his name has been turning up formulae. Until the advent of handheld but, predominantly, the real culprit is lately in the newspapers. calculators, however, most mariners were inflation. Also, world unrest has caused As we said earlier, the book just came off totally dependent on cumbersome tables of numerous distribution difficulties, and the presses November 21, so if you want trigonometric and logarithmic functions for many times we were forced to reship entire one, order it directly from the publisher: evaluating navigational equations. Such shipments of KEY NOTES to make sure all Larken Publications difficult-to-use tables made navigating some- of you received your copies. All of these P.O. Box 987 what tedious. problems take large chunks of time, so College Park, MD20740 U.S.A. With the advent of the handheld calcu- something had to give, and the schedule was lator, however, mariners have been able to the loser. The price is $9* plus $I* postage and evaluate the navigational formulae many But dont't despair! There is a solution to handling to U.S. addresses; overseas air times more rapidly than they could before. mail orders should remit $11.50.* the problem. Next year (1981) we will The onlv drawback has been a lack of produce KEY NOTES every four months sources of equations suitable for calculator instead of quarterly. Each issue will contain THE CALCULATOR AFLOAT, sub- evaluation (many texts still "simplify" 16 pages; so, in effect, you still will be titled: "A Mariner's Guide to the Electronic procedures using logarithms). Now, with receiving 48 pages a year, as you have in the Calculator," was written by Captain H. H. The Calculator Afloat, nearly all formulae past. The first "new" issue will be mailed in Shufeldt, USN (Ret.) and Kenneth E. of interest to navigators are optimized for February, and the subsequent issues are Newcomer, and we are particularly proud use with calculators. The use of elementary scheduled for June and September. If dates to bring this book to your attention. statistical functions for improved measure- change, we will inform you in KEY Captain Shufeldt is an old friend of HP and ment accuracy is stressed, and an accurate NOTES. perpetual almanac for the Sun, and 57 Ken Newcomer was one of the original HP HP-41 C BAR CODE applications engineers who developed some selected navigational stars are included. of the original Application Pacs (he is now This new book provides neophyte calcu- If you own a wand for the HP-41C and an engineer in our Research and Develop- lator users with the information they need use clear plastic sheets to protect bar code ment Laboratory). to select a suitable calculator for navigation. that has been photocopied, be aware that Captain Henry H. Shufeldt is a retired There is a description of nearly all of the some types of plastic cause a reaction when aircraft carrier captain who is responsible mathematical functions found on calcula- in contact with the black material used in for many articles and books on navigation. tors, as well as clear instructions showing some photocopiers. What happens is, the He is co-author of the twelfth edition of how to evaluate expressions on any page "sticks" to the plastic, and the imprint Dutton's Navigation & Piloting which for calculator. whether algebraic or RPN. on the paper transfers to the plastic. It is many years was the standard text for In addition to presenting useful formulae okay to use these clear sheets to read bar maritime academies worldwide. and discussing calculator operation, this code and protect it, but don't store your Ken Newcomer became acquainted with book presents explanations of many navi- photocopied sheets in or under such Captain Shufeldt when he was learning the gational techniques and includes numerous plastics. science and practice of navigation so as to historical sidelights. While I'm on the subject of Wands, here develop the HP-65 Navigation Pac. He was The Calculator Ajloat lists for $16.95* is an answer to the many questions in your studying Shufeldt's Slide Rule for the and may be ordered through your local letters: No, the HP-41C wand will not read Mariner when he had an opportunity to bookseller or from: the bar code on grocery store items. (Con tinued)

KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80 Page 9 LETTERS TO KEY NOTES "EXECUTION" TIMES And, speaking of letters, here is some It appears that enough of you would like advice. (Reminds me of the famous to know more abyt "execution times" to American humorist, Will Rogers, who said, make it worthwhile to print an article about "Nobody likes vice, least of all advice!") the subject. This is not as easy as it might When you address letters to KEY NOTES, seem to be, because there are many, many you should refrain from including anything variables. Also. Hewlett-Packard does not not associated with the newsletter. Ques- publish a complete specification for execu- From Arizona we next visit the "City of tions about the calculator or its operation tion times because there is no known way to Brotherly Love" (Philadelphia, Pennsyl- should be addressed to "Customer Sup- insure where, how, and when the calculator vania) for a contribution from Thomas port," and questions about the Users' will be used when it leaves our hands. And Benjamin Miller. Library should be sent to the address on the since we back our products 100 percent, we back cover. I cannot answer all the usual do not make claims we cannot guarantee. mail, so youll get much faster service by However, in an upcoming issue, probably writing to the proper service. Volume 5 Number 2 (June 1981), we'll print an article that should help you with the Letters to the editor should be addressed subject of "execution times." to: Henry Horn. Editor BEST WISHES TO ALL HP KEY NOTES Hewlett-Packard Co. Once again it is the time of year to thank 1000 N.E. Circle Boulevard all of you for your support of KEY NOTES, Corvallis, Oregon 97330 U.S.A. for your participation, for your patience, (41C)This routine displays the contents of We cannot guarantee a reply to every letter, and for your nice comments about the newsletter. On behalf of Hewlett-Packard, I the stack. In addition, the contents are but we do guarantee that every letter will be labeled. Included are the registers L, X, Y. 2, read by the editor, and as many as possible wish all of you a happy, safe, and joyous' holiday season; a prosperous New Year; and T. will be answered either in KEY NOTES or (Very good, Mr. Miller; however, watch and many happy hours of productive in a personal response. Please be sure to put out for that A VIEW at line 16. It causes a programming. your return address on the face of your halt ifflag 21 is set and there is no printer letter. Letters sometimes get separated from attached to the HP-41 C. Maybe it would be envelopes. U.S. dollars. See nore at borrom edge of cover. best to add CF2l right after line 01-Ed.)

PARDON MY ERROR From Pennsylvania, let's travel to Switzer- land to see what a new reader of KEY In the last issue, I stated that the book, NOTES has to contribute. The city is Synthetic Hydrograph Computations on "25 Words" Bottmingen and the HP-41C owner is Small Programmable Calculators was avail- (More or Less!) Alfredo Mariani. able in "a unique hard-cover (but loose- (41C) As a new member of the Users' leaf!) binding." Unfortunately, the copy I Program Library Europe I received HP KEY had was a review copy and not the We know that you read and enjoy this NOTES (March 1980) for the first time and I published version. The book actually sold in column because it elicits more mail than any was very delighted about the presentation of an 8.5-by-5.5-inch (21.6 by 14 cm) hard- other part of KEY NOTES. (And speaking the many useful hints and tricks. So I presume cover cloth binding. My apology to the of mail, don't fail to read the Editorial the following routine might be of general author, Thomas E. Croley I1 for that column.-Ed.) Some readers have even interest, too, for it mops up the contents of misinformation about his book. requested that we devote the entire news- any number of registers desired; the re- letter to this type of information. Well, maining registers are left untouched for that's not practical nor probable, but you further use. As an additional benefit, the stack NEW HANDLING CHARGE will find this column greatly expanded in registers are cleared at the same time. Our Order Processing department has ensuing issues. advised me that all factory orders will now Our first contribution is from Gregory L. be charged a fixed $3.50* handling charge. Smith of Phoenix, Arizona. Many people We regret that this is necessary, but there is liked the "TEXT" routine in the last issue. no way we can continue to handle single, and many wrote about it. But Mr. Smith's separate orders without a charge. Remem- routine was easily the shortest. ber that in the Continental U.S. you can call our toll-free number 800-547-3400 (in (41C) I found the "TEXT" routine submitted Oregon call 758-1010) and ask for your by Mr. Wuest (Vol. 4 No. 2) both interesting nearest "Full-Line Accessory Dealer." It is and useful). Hovdever, by applying better use While we're in Europe, let's see what of machine characteristics, by using some quicker to get calculators, accessories, and Manfred Mickoteit of Koblenz. Germany, software from your local HP dealer than to slight changes in logic, and by even moving some steps around, I produced a revised is doing with his HP-41C. And we promise order from here and, besides, you save the version that requires 33 percent fewer bytes that this is the last "SIZE" routine we'll handling charge. Also, as the dealers' of memory and should execute more quickly. print. business increases, these dealers will stock The only functional difference between the (41C) Many thanks for sending HP KEY even more products and accessories, two versions is that my routine advances the NOTES, Vol. 4 No. 1, dated March 1980. The making them more available to you than paper one line when exiting the program, a included tips are very helpful for program- ever before. feature I find quite acceptable. ming. AFter testing them, I found, that the

Page 10 KEY NOTES V4N3 Dec 80

3. I, t, I (Press ENTER three times.) ((~OII~I~IL~~~~~/ro1)1pu,y? I) talking calculator, but that does not have the 4. ni (Press base number into which k is college students is even smaller," Dr. Newton flexibility which the HP-41C possesses in the being divided.) explains. "As such, it is not commercially area of mathematics. 5. X, X, ... (Press X the desired number of possible to develop the specialized hardware times.) which would be so helpful to them. Now that Dr. Newton has developed his "If we were to have asked a commercial programs, he has met with the American In t'ocl.de, Wcst Ger-man). Christian firm to develop the program used by the Association for the Blind to determine if the Franke had had hi tip-4IC' onl! three calculator, it would have cost some $30,000, instrument could have broader usage. Dr. and that becomes prohibitive for most indivi- Newton and Thiel also have attracted the \re~.k\ut1c.n hc ui~spr-ornpted to rnd rrt.o duals or even, institutions," he said. interest of the Lions club, which promotes good ide;ts to KFl' YO 11:s. An examble .of what has been done is the vision conservation. (41C) If you make "normal" keyboard calculations with large numbers in SCI or equivalent of an HP-41CV, and allows three J USt Before We Went to ENG 9 mode, you cannot see the last two ports to be used for peripherals. You digits of the mantissa, which are "hidden" Press .. . cannot. however. use single-density- modules behind the exponent. So, you might want to if the Quad Memory Module is used. But ... we decided to hold the newsletter a have a "VIEW MANT" function. Here is a you can use standard single-density modules short time so that we could tell you about short one, using only the ALPHA register. if the Quad Memory Module is removed this announcement of new products and from an HP-41C. 01 LBL "MANT" 04 PROMPT significant price reductions. The new Finally, there are two new systems. The 02 CLA 05 END products were introduced on January 7 at HP-41 System I is an HP41CV and Card 03 ARCL X the Consumer Electronics Show at Los Reader combination for $495,* and the Vegas, Nevada, and the price reductions Assign it, for example, to "shifted" ENTER ( = HP-41 System I1 is an HP-4ICV and Card became effective January 1, 1981. CATALOG) like it is on the HP-34C, and you Reader and Printer combination for $840.* get a convenient way to see the entire number NEW PRODUCTS You can examine these new products in without losing any register (except ALPHA). more detail at your nearest HP dealer, who (41C) Some of you familiar with the Heading the list is the HP-41CV Alpha- will be glad to answer any questions you HP-67/97 might regret that it is impossible to numeric Full-Performance Programmable might have. record the status together with the program With Maximum Continuous Memory, and on a magnetic card. ln fact, it is pos~blelIf a it is priced at $325.* That's a long name ... LOWER PRICES program, for example, needs a cleared flag 0, but so is its capacity! Built into it is five FIX 2, and RAD mode, key it in as follows: times the memory of a standard HP-41C; Three calculators have been reduced in the equivalent of the HP-41C and four price. They are: 01 CFO 05 LBL "PROGRAM" HP 82106A Memory Modules! Specifically, HP-32E Scientific With Statistics, from (beginning of program) the H P-4 I CV contains 3 19 storage registers $70 to $55.* 02 FIX2 . versus 63 in the HP-41C. And all of the HP-33C Programmable Scientific With O3RAD memory is Continuous, which is a definite Continuous Memory, from $110 04RTN END advantage for advanced programmers who to $90.* want to store a lot of programs. Plus, with HP-41C Alphanumeric Full-Performance all this built-in memory, you now have all Programmable With Continuous The routines furnished in "25 Wordsmare four ports free to use for peripherals. And, Memory, from $295 to $250.* contributed by people from all walks of life before you ask, no, you cannot add more Also reduced in price were the HP-41C and with various levels of mathematical and Memory Modules, because the HP-4ICV is Application Pacs. All pacs formerly $45 are programming skills. While these routines already at full capacity. now $30,* and all pacs formerly $75 are might not always be the ultimate in Next on this list is the new HP82170A now $45.* programming, they do present new ideas Quad Memory Module for the HP41C, The last reduction is for the HP 82120A and solutions that others have found for which is priced at $95.' This one Memory Rechargeable Battery Pack. Its price was their applications. You might have to Module is the equivalent of four HP 82106A reduced from $40 to $30.* modify them to fit your personal Memory Modules. When installed in a application. standard HP-41 C, it makes the HP-41C the 'U.S. dollars. See nore or horiom edge of cover

Address Correction Requested HP KEY NOTES BULK RATE September-December 1980Vol. 4 No. 3 U.S. POSTAGE Programming and operating tips, answers to questions, and information about new programs PERMIT NO. 814 and developments. Published periodically for PORTLAND, OR owners of Hewlett-Packard fully programmable personal calculators. Reader comments or conrriburioqs are welcomed. Please send them to one of the following addresses.

Hewlett-Packard Company Users' Library 1000 N.E.Circle Boulevard Co~allis,Oregon 97330 USA Hewlett-Packard SA USERS PROGRAM LIBRARY EUROPE 7, Rue du Bois-du Lan P.O. Box, CH-1217 Meyrin 2 Geneva-Switzerland

Page 12