SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDE TO PLANKTONICPLANKTONIC PROTOZOAPROTOZOA

Nanoplankton and Microplankton size: Ciliates Flagellates Radiolarians

We thank the following academic web sites for the illustrations in this guide booklet which were taken directly from the following sources in 1999. They are used here for non-commercial, educational purpose only: Ciliates and Flagellates taken from: Department of Marine Botany, Goteborg, Sweden http://www.marbot.gu.se/SSS/SSShome.htm Radiolarians taken from Scripps Institute, UCSD: http://gdcmp1.ucsd.edu/geol_coll/radlit/nm79titl.html page 1 Index Protozoa - Ciliata: Acanthostomella norvegica...... 4 Favella ehrenbergii Favella serrata Helicostomella fusiformis Laboea strobila Leprotintinnus pellucidus Mesodinium rubrum ...... 5 Metacylis jörgensenii Parafavella denticulata Parafavella gigantea Ptychocylis urnula Salpingella acuminata Strobilidium sphaericum...... 6 Strobilidium spiralis Tiarina fusus Tintinnopsis campanula

Protozoa - Flagellata: Eutreptiella braarudii...... 7 Eutreptiella gymnastica Dictyocha fibula Dictyocha speculum Rhynchomonas nasuta

Protozoa - : (pages in parentheses are for Nigrini and Moore, 1979) SUBORDER Cenosphaera cristata (p. S41) Cenosphaera spp.(p. S43) 1. FAMILY Collosphaeridae Hexacontium enthacantum (p. S45) Collosphaera tuberosa (page S1)...... 8 Hexacontium laevigatum (p. S47)...... 11 Disolenia quadrata (p. S3) Ommatartus tetrathalamus (p. S49) Disolenia zanguebarica (p. S5) Ommatartus tetrathalamus coronatus (p. S53) Otosphaera auriculata (p. S7) Stylatractus spp. (p. S55) Otosphaera polymorpha (p. S9) Axoprunum stauraxonium (p. S57) Polysolenia arktios (p. S11) Polysolenia flammabunda (p. S13) 3. FAMILY Sponguridae Polysolenia lappacea (p. S15)...... 9 Ommatogramma dumitricai (p. S61)...... 12 Polysolenia murrayana (p. S17) Spongurus cf. elliptica (p. S63) Polysolenia spinosa (p. S19) Spongurus pylomaticus (p. S65) Siphonosphaera polysiphonia (p. S21) Spongurus (?) sp. (p. S67) Spongocore puella (p. S69) 2. FAMILY Actinommidae Styptosphaera (?) spumacea (p. S71) Actinomma antarcticum (p. S25) Actinomma arcadophorum (p. S29) 4. FAMILY Phacodiscidae Actinomma medianum (p. S31)...... 10 Heliodiscus asteriscus (p. S73)...... 13 Actinomma leptodermum (p. S35) Anomalacantha dentata (p. S37) 5. FAMILY Cenosphaera coronata (p. S39) Amphirhopalum ypsilon (p. S75) Euchitonia elegans (p. S83)...... 14 page 2 Index (continued) Euchitonia furcata (p. S85)...... 14 Pterocanium korotnevi (p. N39) Dictyocoryne profunda (p. S87) Pterocanium praetextum praetextum (p. N41)...... 23 Dictyocoryne truncatum (p. S89) Pterocanium praetextum eucolpum (p. N43) Hymeniastrum euclidis (p. S91)...... 15 Pterocanium trilobum (p. N45) Spongaster tetras tetras (p. S93) Pterocanium grandiporus (p. N47) Spongaster tetras irregularis (p. S95) Pterocanium sp. (p. N49) Stylodictya aculeata (p. S101) Theocalyptra bicornis (p. N53) Stylodictya validispina (p. S103) Theocalyptra davisiana (p. N57)...... 24 Porodiscus sp. A (p. S107)...... 16 Eucyrtidium acuminatum (p. N61) Porodiscus (?) sp. B (p. S109) Eucyrtidium hexagonatum (p. N63) Stylochlamydium asteriscus (p. S113) Lithocampe sp. (p. N65) Spongopyle osculosa (p. S115) Spongotrochus glacialis group (p. S117) 12.FAMILY Pterocoryidae Spongotrochus (?) venustum (p. S119) Anthocyrtidium ophirense (p. N67) Anthocyrtidium zanguebaricum (p. N69) 6. FAMILY Pyloniidae Androcyclas gamphonycha (p. N71)...... 25 Hexaplye spp. (p. S121)...... 17 Lamprocyclas maritalis maritalis (p. N75) Octopyle stenozona (p. S123) Lamprocyclas maritalis polypora (p. N77) Tetrapyle octacantha (p. S125) Lamprocyclas maritalis ventricosa ? Prunopyle antarctica (p. S127) Lamprocyrtis nigriniae Pterocorys hertwigii 7. FAMILY Litheliidae Pterocorys minythorax...... 26 Larcopyle butschlii (p. S131)...... 18 Pterocorys zancleus Larcospira quadrangula (p. S133) Stichopilium bicorne Lithelius minor (p. S135) Theocorythium trachelium trachelium Lithelius nautiloides (p. S137) Theocorythium trachelium dianae ? Pylospira octopyle (p. S139) ? Spirema melonia (p. S141) 13.FAMILY Artostrobiidae Botryostrobus aquilonaris SUBORDER Nassellaria Botryostrobus auritus / australis group...... 27 8. FAMILY Plagoniidae Phormostichoartus corbula Antarctissa denticulata (p. N1) Antarctissa strelkovi (p. N5)...... 19 14.FAMILY Cannobotryidae Botryocyrtis scutum 9. FAMILY Trissocyclidae (= Acanthodesmiidae) Ceratospyris borealis (p. N9) Bibliography...... 28 Giraffospyris angulata (p. N11) Liriospyris reticulata (p. N13)...... 20 Lophospyris pentagona pentagona (p. N15) Phormospyris stabilis antarctica (p. N17) Phormospyris stabilis scaphipes (p. N19) Tholospyris procera (p. N21)

10.FAMILY Carpocaniidae Carpocanistrum spp. (p. N23)...... 21 Carpocanistrum sp. A (p. N25) Carpocanarium papillosum group (p. N27)

11. FAMILY Theoperidae Peripyramis circumtexta (p. N29) Plectopyramis dodecomma (p. N31) Dictyophimus crisiae (p. N33)...... 22 Dictyophimus hirundo (p. N35) Dictyophimus infabricatus (p. N37) page 3 Phylum Protozoa - Class Ciliata

Favella ehrenbergii (Claparède et Lachmann, 1858) Acanthostomella norvegica (Daday, 1887) A living cell and empty loricae. Length 195-466 µm, oral diameter 63-125 µm Length 36-50µm, oral diameter 23-25 µm.

A = Lorica and cell in Lugols iodine stain; B = Denticulate oral rim

Favella serrata (Möbius, 1887) Helicostomella fusiformis (Meunier, 1919) Length 180-348 µm, oral diameter 87-145 µm . Length 124-180 µm, oral diameter 20-29 µm .

Laboea strobila Lohmann 1908 Leprotintinnus pellucidus (Cleve, 1899) Length 60-130 µm, width 20-65 µm . Length 134-240 µm, oral diameter 27-47 µm . page 4 Mesodinium rubrum (Lohmann, 1908) Metacylis jörgensenii (Cleve, 1902) Length 15-70 µm Length 50-61 µm, oral diameter 44-50 µm Obligate autotroph (?) with many red chloroplasts

Parafavella gigantea (Brandt, 1896) Length 200-750 µm, oral diameter 47-87 µm Parafavella denticulata (Ehrenberg, 1840) Length 120-327 µm, oral diameter 38-62 µm

Salpingella and Ceratium furca Ptychocylis urnula (Claparède et Lachmann, 1858) Salpingella acuminata (Claparède et Lachmann, 1858) Length 113-190 µm, oral diameter 66-100 µm Length 200-370 µm, oral diameter 29-47 µm page 5 Strobilidium sphaericum Lynn et Montagnes 1988 Strobilidium spiralis (Leegaard, 1915) Length 40-70 µm, width 40-60 µm A = Lateral view; B = Oral view Length 40-60 µm, width 40-52 µm

Tintinnopsis campanula (Ehrenberg, 1840) Tiarina fusus (Claparède et Lachmann, 1857) Length 109-200 µm, oral diameter 63-150 µm Length 85-135 µm

page 6 Phylum Protozoa - Class Flagellata

Eutreptiella gymnastica Throndsen 1969 Length 17-38 µm

Eutreptiella braarudii Throndsen 1969 Length 64-115 µm

Rhynchomonas nasuta (Stokes) Klebs 1892 Length 3-11µm, width 2-5 µm. Dictyocha fibula Ehrenberg 1839 Size: 10-45 µm (including spines)

Dictyocha speculum Ehrenberg 1839 Size: 19-34 µm (including spines)

page 7 Phylum Protozoa - Subclass Radiolaria from: Nigrini and Moore, 1979.

page 8 page 9 page 10 page 11 page 12 page 13 page 14 page 15 page 16 page 17 page 18 page 19 page 20 page 21 page 22 page 23 page 24 page 25 page 26 page 27 Bibliography

Nigrini, Catherine and T. C. Moore, Jr., A GUIDE TO MODERN RADIOLARIA. SPECIAL PUBLI- CATION NO. 16, Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. March 1979. Also on the web at http://gdcmp1.ucsd.edu/geol_coll/radlit/nm79titl.html, and file://rads-www.oce.orst.edu/pub/pisias/ mosrads/radhompg.html.

Tomas, Carmelo R. (Ed.) Identifying Marine . Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 858 p.

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