The English Indices of Deprivation 2010 Stoke-On-Trent
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Indices of Deprivation 2010 - Stoke-on-Trent The English Indices of Deprivation 2010 Stoke-on-Trent - Summary Table of Contents Introduction – What is multiple deprivation?................................................................................ 2 Multiple Deprivation - The Regional Picture ................................................................................ 3 Multiple Deprivation - Unitary and Metropolitan Authorities ........................................................ 3 Multiple Deprivation - Local Authority Comparison ..................................................................... 4 Comparing IMD2000, ID2004, ID2007 and ID2010 - Persistent Deprivation.............................. 5 Multiple Deprivation - The Local Picture...................................................................................... 7 Map: Indices of Multiple Deprivation 2010 Stoke-on-Trent (ID 2007 inset) ............................ 8 Differing Domains / Dimensions of Deprivation........................................................................... 9 Figure 1 – Deprivation Domains : Comparing Different Aspects of Deprivation ................... 10 Ward Level Deprivation ............................................................................................................. 11 Pre-2011 Boundaries............................................................................................................. 11 Figure 2 – Deprivation Deciles : Pre-2011 Ward Boundaries ............................................... 13 Map: 2011 Ward Boundaries and Indices and Deprivation 2010.......................................... 14 2011 Wards – Relative deprivation levels and ranks 2010 ................................................... 15 2011 Wards – Relative deprivation levels and ranks – by deprivation domain (1) ............... 16 2011 Wards – Relative deprivation levels and ranks – by deprivation domain (2) ............... 17 2011 Wards – Relative deprivation levels and ranks – by deprivation domain (3) ............... 18 1 Performance & Improvement Team – March 2011 Indices of Deprivation 2010 - Stoke-on-Trent Introduction – What is multiple deprivation? The 2010 edition of the English Indices of Deprivation were released by the Communities and Local Government agency on Thursday 24 th March 2011. Full details of the release can be found at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/communities/research/indicesdeprivation/deprivation10/ The Indices of Deprivation 2010 (ID2010) are measures of deprivation for every Super Output Area 1 and local authority area in England. The indices combine a total of 38 indicators across seven domains (Income, Employment, Health and Disability, Education, Skills and Training, Barriers to Housing and Services, Living Environment, and Crime) into a single deprivation score and rank for each area. ID2010 is based on the same approach, structure and methodology used in 2007 and 2004. These differ from the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2000 (IMD2000) in two key ways: first, more up-to-date data has been used; and second, new measures have been incorporated as new and improved sources have become available. The model that underpins ID2010 is based on the idea of distinct domains; or dimensions; of deprivation, that can be recognised and measured separately; these dimensions are experienced by individuals living in an area. People may be counted in one or more of the domains, depending on the number of types of deprivation that they experience. The overall ID is conceptualised as a weighted aggregation of these specific dimensions of deprivation. Each Domain contains a number of indicators. Each indicator is subject to a number of criteria: • It should be ‘domain specific’; • Appropriate for the purpose (as direct as possible measures of that form of deprivation); Measure major features of that deprivation (not conditions just experienced by a very small number of people or areas); • Up-to-date and capable of being updated on a regular basis; • Statistically robust; and • Available for the whole of England at a small area level in a consistent form. The following sets out the weightings that were used to combine the Domains into an Index of Multiple Deprivation. Income deprivation 22.5% Employment deprivation 22.5% Health deprivation and disability 13.5% Education, skills and training deprivation 13.5% Barriers to housing and services 9.3% Crime 9.3% Living Environment deprivation 9.3% 1 Super Output Areas are an aggregation of Census Output Areas, which are modelled upon postcodes. While Census Output Areas equate to approximately 125 households, or 275 persons, Super Output Areas contain c.1,500 persons. There are 825 Census Output Areas for the City of Stoke-on-Trent dating from the 2001 Census, these have subsequently been aggregated into 160 level 1 SOAs. 2 Performance & Improvement Team – March 2011 Indices of Deprivation 2010 - Stoke-on-Trent Multiple Deprivation - The Regional Picture The following table shows a distinct regional pattern in terms of multiple deprivation: There is a pronounced North-South divide, with a concentration of ‘most deprived’ districts in London, with a transitional Midlands region containing an element of both ‘most’ and ‘least’ deprived districts. Number of Districts in the 50 Districts in the 50 Region Districts in Most Deprived in Least Deprived in Region England England Least London 33 12 1 East of England 47 0 10 South East 67 1 29 South West 37 0 1 West Midlands 30 5 2 East Midlands 40 4 5 North West 39 17 1 North East 12 6 0 Yorkshire & Humberside 21 5 1 The following table demonstrates this regional variation in terms of population percentages. % of the Population living in areas classified in the:- 10% most 20% most 50% least Region deprived deprived deprived London 8.3% 26.0% 33.1% East of England 2.8% 7.5% 65.7% South East 2.3% 7.0% 68.7% South West 3.8% 9.0% 58.6% West Midlands 16.1% 28.1% 42.5% East Midlands 7.2% 16.6% 54.3% North West 20.0% 31.9% 41.1% North East 16.5% 31.9% 35.9% Yorkshire & Humberside 16.9% 27.5% 44.6% Multiple Deprivation - Unitary and Metropolitan Authorities Further analysis shows that 30 of the 92 Unitary and Metropolitan districts in England are placed in the 50 most deprived areas on this measure – 17 in the North West region, 6 in the North East, and 5 each in the West Midlands and Yorkshire & Humberside. A total of 5 of the 92 are ranked in the 50 least deprived areas (Including 4 in the South East region – Wokingham, Windsor & Maidenhead, West Berkshire and Bracknell). 3 Performance & Improvement Team – March 2011 Indices of Deprivation 2010 - Stoke-on-Trent Multiple Deprivation - Local Authority Comparison The following table shows the relative position of the city against local, regional and national comparators. Rank ID 2010 % of the Population living in areas classified in the:- ID 2010 ID2007 10% most 20% most 50% least / 326 / 354 deprived deprived deprived Stoke-on-Trent 16 th 16 th 31.2% 51.0% 16.7% Local Comparators Newcastle-under-Lyme 150 th 152nd 3.1% 14.1% 54.2% Staffordshire Moorlands 190 th 192nd 0% 4.6% 66.8% Stafford Borough 232 nd 253 rd 0% 5.5% 79.5% Regional Comparators Birmingham 9th 11 th 39.7% 55.6% 14.5% Sandwell 12 th 14 th 29.6% 58.5% 11.0% Wolverhampton 21 st 28 th 26.8% 52.3% 17.8% Walsall 30 th 45 th 24.1% 44.5% 26.5% Unitary & Metropolitan Comparators Kingston-upon-Hull 10 th 11 th 42.1% 51.5% 17.2% Nottingham 20 th 13 th 24.6% 51.4% 16.1% Salford 18 th 15 th 32.2% 46.2% 20.5% Leicester 25 th 20 th 24.9% 40.8% 13.8% Further analysis on this measure shows that of the 326 (*) English Local Authority Districts:- • 142 have no part of their population classified in the 10% most deprived in England, • 78 have no part of their population classified in the 20% most deprived in England, • Only one authority has no part of its population classified in the 50% most deprived in England (Hart – South East region), • Only two authorities have no part of their population classified in the 50% least deprived in England (London Boroughs of Hackney and Newham). Stoke-on-Trent is the 3rd most deprived local authority in the West Midlands (out of 30) and the 9th most deprived Unitary / Metropolitan authority area in England (out of 92). (*) - Following Local Government reorganisation in 2008 and 2009 - Previously 354. 4 Performance & Improvement Team – March 2011 Indices of Deprivation 2010 - Stoke-on-Trent Comparing IMD2000, ID2004, ID2007 and ID2010 - Persistent Deprivation From the table below it can be seen that despite changes in the construction of the indices – especially between 2000 and 2004 - in terms of both weightings and indicators used and the change in geographical level adopted - that similar areas have emerged as the most deprived. Given that the domains and methodology used in ID2010 is the same as in 2004 & 2007, and as far as possible the indicators are equivalent to their ID2007 counterparts – most change between the indices is likely to reflect real relative change between the two time periods. 17 of the 20 most deprived areas identified in ID2010 were in the top 20 on ID2007, and 13 in the top 20 on IMD2000 as shown in below. Rank IMD Rank ID2010 Rank ID2007 Rank ID2004 Local Authority Area 2000 Liverpool 1 1 1 3 Hackney 2 2 5 4 Newham 3 6 11 5 Manchester 4 4 2 6 Knowsley 5 5 3 2 Blackpool 6 12 24 31 Tower Hamlets 7 3 4 1 Middlesbrough 8 9 10 9 Birmingham 9 10 15 23 Kingston upon Hull, City of 10 11 9 13 Burnley 11 46 37 21 Sandwell 12 14 16 17 Haringey 13 20 13 18 Islington 14 8 6 11 Waltham Forest 15 62 47 27 City of Stoke-on-Trent 16 16 18 34 Blackburn with Darwen 17 17 34 10 Salford 18 15 12 21 Hastings 19 35 38 31 City of Nottingham 20 13 7 12 Further investigation has shown: 40 of the 50 most deprived areas identified in ID2000 are still in the top 50 in ID2010. 85 of the 100 most deprived areas identified in ID2000 are still in the top 100 in ID2010. 22 of the 50 least deprived areas identified in ID2000 are still in the least deprived 50 in ID2010. 67 of the 100 least deprived areas identified in ID2000 are still in the least deprived 100 in ID2010.