CENTER ON JAPANESE ECONOMY AND BUSINESS Center on ANNUAL REPORT 2018–2019 Japanese Economy and 475 Riverside Drive Room 312F New York, NY 10115 Email: [email protected] Business Phone: 646-745-8569 Web: www.gsb.columbia.edu/cjeb ANNUAL REPORT 2018–2019 (JULY 2018–JUNE 2019) CJEB Representative Office in Japan c/o Terumi Ota 1-19-18-1003 Shibuya Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0002 Phone/Fax: 03-5467-6012 Table of Contents Letter from the Directors 2 Closing the Gender Gap in Japan: Achievements, Challenges, and Prospects 39 CJEB Team 4 Have We Seen This Movie Before? China, Japan, Leadership and Staff 4 Industrial Policy, and Trade Conflict 39 Core Faculty 7 Breaking Generational Curses in Corporations 40 Research and Faculty Engagement 10 Sustainability and Promotion of Long-Term Investing: The Role of Investors and the Stock Exchange 40 “Japan’s Economy: Stable in a Turbulent World” Design/Production: The Puzzle of Japan’s Low-for-Long 41 by Hugh Patrick 10 Columbia Creative Workshops 41 Current Research Highlights 22 Office of Communications and Public Affairs Faculty Engagement 24 A Target of Opportunity: Empowering Japanese Women in Leadership Initiative 41 Research Paper Series 26 Editor: Cross-Cultural Negotiation 42 CJEB Programs 28 Rethinking the Asian Leadership Gap: Breaking the Ryoko Ogino Program on Public Pension and Sovereign Funds 28 Bamboo Ceiling 42 Corporate Governance and Stewardship Program 28 Demystifying Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence 42 Assistant Editors: The New Global Financial Architecture 29 Resources 43 Taylor Cook Events 30 Faculty Advisory Committee 43 Emiko Mizumura Conferences 30 2018–2019 Visiting Fellows 44 Shoko Nakamoto Conference on Public Pension and Sovereign Funds 30 2019 Visiting Fellow Reunion Reception 45 Julio “JP” Perez U.S.-Japan Relations in a New Era: Trade, 2019 Annual Visiting Fellow Business Field Trips 45 Governance, and the Global Economy 31 Research Associates 46 Photography: The Japan Project Meeting with Joint ESRI Professional Fellows 47 Eileen Barroso International Conference 32 International Advisory Board 48 ESRI International Conference: Michael DiVito “AI, Robotics, and the Labor Market” 33 Promoting Exchange of Ideas 49 Yuki Kato Symposia 34 CJEB in the News 49 Shoko Nakamoto Japan’s Politics and Economy: What Next? 34 Enhancing the MBA Experience 50 Practical Applications of ESG in Japan: How Investors Enhancing the Columbia Experience 51 Make Companies Better Global Citizens 34 Visits from Japan to Columbia 53 Lectures 35 Fellowship and Scholarship Programs 53 The Future of Japan’s Social Security and Library and Data Resources 54 Work Style Reform 35 Discussion Groups 55 Agenda for 2020: Can Japan Win Gold for Its Economic Performance? 36 Japan Economic Seminar 55 Leading after a Nuclear Disaster 36 U.S.-Japan Discussion Group 55 Lunchtime Seminars 37 Financial Support 56 The Rise of Japanese Cross-Border M&A in a Sponsorship Program 56 New Era of Shareholder Scrutiny 37 Shareholder Activists Take on Corporate Japan 37 Rakuten: How to Promote Global Innovation 38 Private Equity Coming of Age in Japan 38 Aggressive Use of Tax Shelters by the Wealthy and General Anti-Avoidance Rules 38 Center on Japanese Economy and Business The preeminent academic center in the United States on Japanese business and economics Established at Columbia Business School in 1986 under the direction of its chairman, Professor Hugh Patrick, and led currently by its director, Professor David Weinstein, the Center on Japanese Economy and Business (CJEB) promotes knowledge and understanding of Japanese business and economics in an international context. CJEB is a research organization widely recognized for its vigorous research activities, international symposia, conferences, and lectures, held in New York City and Tokyo, which provide prominent speakers from the public and private sectors a forum for collaboration and reflection on Japan, the United States, and the global economy. Under the leadership of Professors David Weinstein and Takatoshi Ito, CJEB’s associate director of research, CJEB supports research projects and library and computer-based resource initiatives. Other core faculty members are Japan specialists drawn from Columbia’s Business School, School of International and Public Affairs, Economics Department, and Department of Political Science. While CJEB is an independent and nonpartisan research center that takes an objective stance on political or economic policies, we encourage our researchers and scholars to hold their own individual perspectives. Funding and resources are provided by corporate sponsors, foundations, individuals, Columbia Business School, and the University. For more than 33 years, CJEB has developed, grown, and evolved in order to carry out its mission effectively in a changing Japan and a changing world. In this way, CJEB has been able to build and maintain its status as the preeminent academic center on Japanese business and economics anywhere outside Japan. Further information about CJEB can be found on the Center’s website: http://www.gsb.columbia.edu/cjeb CJEB Annual Report 2018–2019 | 1 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTORS Letter from the Directors Dear Friends, David Weinstein wrote an influential paper, “The Impact of the 2018 Trade War on U.S. Prices and Welfare,” Since its founding in 1986, the Center on Japanese which was released on March 1, 2019. Its exploration Economy and Business (CJEB) has made its mission of the impact of the Trump administration’s trade policy the promotion of knowledge and understanding of the on prices and welfare was highlighted in many global Japanese economy and business systems in domestic, media outlets, such as The New York Times, The Wall U.S., Asian, and global contexts. Street Journal, the Nikkei Veritas, and many others in David Weinstein, the United States, Europe, and Japan. The paper’s full Director Considering the importance of the Japanese economy media coverage can be found on p. 49. He appeared in in global affairs, this mission will continue to be crucial many interviews in the following months, culminating into the future. With this in mind, effective July 1, 2019, with an opportunity in May to present on the paper to His founding director Hugh Patrick has passed the torch to Excellency Shinzo Abe, Prime Minister of Japan. David Weinstein, and assumed the newly-created role of chairman. We are confident that the Center will main- CJEB held its highly successful annual conference in Tokyo tain its reputation as a distinguished academic and on May 28, 2019. The conference, “U.S.-Japan Relations research center under David Weinstein’s leadership. in a New Era: Trade, Governance, and the Global Economy,” featured keynote addresses from His Excellency Taro Aso, Hugh Patrick, Chairman Looking back over this past year, CJEB has continued deputy prime minister of the Government of Japan, and to accomplish its mission through a wide range of public from Glenn Hubbard, dean and Russell L. Carson Professor symposia, conferences, research projects, paper series, of Finance and Economics at Columbia Business School and visitor programs. Japan’s economy has continued its (CBS). Dean Hubbard’s speech addressed the economics trajectory of modest, sustained recovery and growth, and of U.S. President Trump and the G20 summit that was is predicted to keep doing so for some time. scheduled to take place in Japan in late June of 2019. Minister Aso’s speech mainly discussed the U.S.-Japan alli- Over the past academic year, CJEB continued to address ance, while also touching on the rapid changes happening and examine several key challenges and prospects for in Japan and its economic progress. More details about the Japan’s economy and business systems through a series Tokyo conference can be found on p. 31. of public programs. On September 27, 2018, former Minister of Health, Labour, and Welfare Katsunobu Kato CJEB continues to successfully host a zadankai lunchtime gave a special lecture discussing the Abe administration’s lecture series for students and others. Yaz Iida, president achievements and goals (p. 35). Professor Takatoshi Ito of Rakuten USA, Inc., gave a talk about his company and delivered his annual lecture on the Japanese economy, its trajectory for growth in North America on October 30, titled “Agenda for 2020: Can Japan Win Gold for Its 2018 (p. 38). Robert Dohner, former deputy assistant Economic Performance?” on October 4, 2018 (p. 36). On secretary of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, deliv- October 31, 2018, Gerald L. Curtis, Burgess Professor ered a sold-out lunchtime talk titled “Have We Seen This Emeritus of Political Science at Columbia University, Movie Before? China, Japan, Industrial Policy, and Trade and Hugh Patrick held a joint symposium on the future of Conflict” on February 19, 2019 (p. 39). On April 16, Japan’s politics and economy (p. 34). On April 18, 2019, 2019, Hiroshi Nakaso, immediate past deputy governor Naomi Hirose, executive vice chairman of Fukushima at the Bank of Japan (BOJ), spoke about the continuing Affairs at Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings puzzle of Japan’s “Low-for-Long” (p. 41). To learn about our (TEPCO), gave a presentation about his experience leading other zadankai seminars, please see pp. 37–41. TEPCO after the Fukushima nuclear disaster in March of 2011. He described the accident, the steps TEPCO took CJEB also organized several events as part of its two to mitigate it in the immediate aftermath, and the ongo- research programs, the Program on Public