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Outline

Keeping Animals and People Healthy at • 2019 in Review and Exhibitions—2021 • 2021 Exhibition Reminders

• Disease and Check-in

• Biosecurity

• Exhibitor and Public Safety Jarold M. Goodrich , DVM ANIMAL INDUSTRY DIVISION • Resources and Exhibition Program Manager

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2019 in Review

• Animal identification continues to be an issue • Much better in 2019; the best year so far • Most corrected while MDARD inspectors were on the grounds

• Areas for improvement: (same requirements as youth exhibitors) 2019 IN REVIEW • Pony Rides: Check for current Coggins tests • Petting Zoos: Certificates of Veterinary Inspection (health certificate) and official ID • Open Classes: Official ID • Zoo and Exotic Animals • Superintendents' animals 

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2019 in Review

• Three fairs with confirmed swine influenza (SI) • Seven fairs reported sick swine; three had SI • No human illnesses following the fairs • Encourage shorter exhibition time (72 hrs.) • Clean and disinfect equipment between groups • Most SI is seen from mid-July through first week of August 2021 EXHIBITION • Fairs need to have animal health plans in place REMINDERS • Work with your fair veterinarian • Michigan State University Extension • MDARD—Know your field veterinarian/State Veterinarian • Local Health Department

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Requirement Reminders Requirement Reminders

• Report all signs and symptoms of a potential reportable • Notify exhibitors of all disease or toxicity health requirements • 800-292-3939 (normal business hours) • Official identification • 517-373-0440 (emergency/after hours) • Tests • Also, feel free to contact MDARD with your • Importation requirements questions/concerns • Examine and approve • Must have an accredited veterinarian on call paperwork BEFORE the animal(s) are unloaded, • Line up early in the year stabled, or commingled • Include in animal health crisis planning and exercising with other animals

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Official Identification Bovine TB Testing Requirements

• MAZ = Alpena, Alcona, • Cattle, sheep, goats, and farmed deer must Oscoda, & Montmorency have official USDA identification (ID) before • Presque Isle leaving their home—RFID for MI cattle • Additional movement requirements • Verified WRM/EWB is required for Alcona, Alpena, Montmorency, Oscoda, • RFID and approved secondary tag and Presque Isle counties. • TB Testing: Must have a whole herd • Swine must have official ID test (WHT) within the last 12 before being exhibited—no tattoos months and individuals tested within last 60 days • Swine ID FAQ: NUES/AIN tags • Animals 59 days or younger must • Official identification (ID) come from herd with a WHT in the last 12 mos. • Visit www.michigan.gov/animalimport • Must have a movement permit 9 10

Sheep and Goats Collars

• Official ID required to leave the farm • The USDA does not support earless goats to • Must be an official USDA scrapie program ID tag be tagged using the tail web. In place of tail web tagging, exhibitors can either use a collar • RFID tags designed for other species cannot be used or neck chain for sheep and goats. Don’t use cattle RFID tags o Collars should be placed in a way that does not • For details on microchipping allow it to be removed over the head or RFID, contact the of adults USDA Michigan Office at o For younger goats, the collar 517-337-4705 must have room for growth o Collar and neck chain tagging is • Check the requirements for more information only allowed in sheep or goats • Must have a tag for slaughter purposes who are earless or have ears too injured to tag Sheep are not allowed to be tattooed for exhibition. 11 12

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Requirements for Official Ear Tags Equine

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) test • Official ID must not be removed requirements (aka Coggins test): • Proof of negative test within 12 mos. • Removing tags is punishable by • Nursing foals less than 6 months of age law as a felony are exempt • Description or picture of the horse on • Official ID has a US shield Coggins test must match the animal being exhibited • Animals must not have more • The test must be completed by a Category II USDA Accredited Veterinarian than one official tag • Recommend that fairs keep a copy of the EIA test results

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Pullorum Testing 2021 Avian Influenza Testing

• The 2020 exemption (which stemmed from the lack of • Avian influenza surveillance testing antigen for pullorum testing) expired December 31, 2020; may take place at fairs this summer new antigen is readily available • All poultry (except waterfowl, pigeons, and doves) must be • No fee and is voluntary, but must have tested, including out-of-state poultry the owner’s permission • Birds can be tested up to 90 days before the event if they are separated from untested or positive birds, tested at the • Helps protect the health of Michigan fair prior to being moved into the barn, OR come from a poultry NPIP-certified flock with documentation • Find pullorum testers list at: • Someone from the Animal Industry MDARD’s Resources for Exhibitions webpage Division may be reaching out to you

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Circus Elephants Animals from Out-of-State

• Interstate Certificate of Veterinary Inspection • Some elephants have been diagnosed with (CVI aka health papers) tuberculosis in recent years • Needed for ALL animals • Category A elephants are allowed if they have the crossing state proper testing. Must have an Interstate Certificate lines—importation of Veterinary Inspection if from out-of-state with the testing recorded • Needed by people showing from other states at your fair • Category B and C elephants are not allowed • All importation requirements can be found at www.michigan.gov/animalimport

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New Requirement for 2021 New in PA 466—Animal Industry Act

An animal shall not be used as a prize at a or a midway activity unless approved by the director. • Access to hand-cleansing facilities or hand- sanitizing methods shall be available in close • "Animal" means mollusks, crustaceans, and vertebrates proximity to each building that houses animals including, but not limited to, livestock, exotic animals, aquaculture species, and domestic animals. • "Carnival" means a traveling carnival, charity fundraiser, • Not just a suggestion anymore; it’s in the law! amusement arcade, , or a state or county fair or similar event. • "Midway activity" means a game of chance, game of skill, or • Most fairs are doing a good job with this already any other game for amusement or entertainment at a carnival.

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Summary of Reminders

• No tattoos in sheep and swine for exhibition- must have official ID tags

• Pullorum antigen is currently available so testing of poultry must occur in 2021 Disease and • Handwashing stations/Sanitizing methods must be near every building housing animals Check-In

• New TB requirements for Presque Isle County since January 1, 2021

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Who Can Get Sick at a Fair? Why Can Animals Get Sick at Fairs?

• Animals come from many different places

Public Animal • Unknown health status • Unknown vaccination status

• High stress situation for fair

Exhibitor Good biosecurity keeps animals healthy and makes for a successful event!

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Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) Swine Influenza

• ILT is a highly contagious respiratory disease • Swine at exhibition with fever > 105º F • Commonly spread when a bird that has been exposed to ILT is reportable; contact MDARD at 800-292-3939 or vaccinated for ILT is brought into a flock (always infected) during business hours or at 517-373-0440 during • Birds known to be vaccinated for ILT with live virus nights, weekends, and holidays. Also, contact your cannot be imported into Michigan unless approved by fair veterinarian the Director of MDARD • Exhibitors and those near the animals are • If your event allows ILT vaccination, ask for proof: considered at highest risk and should follow • If they cannot provide it, they shouldn’t exhibit proper biosecurity practices to protect themselves • Vectormune®FP (LT or LT+AE or HVT LT) or Innovax LT and their animals • Any ILT vaccine given as a droplet in the eye is not acceptable • All sales and use of ILT vaccine from stores, online, or mail • Resources available at orders are not permitted in MI except recombinant vaccines www.canr.msu.edu/swine_influenza approved by the Director of MDARD

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African Swine Fever (ASF) Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Type 2

• • Serious foreign animal disease sweeping RHDV2 across China, Asia, and parts of Europe • Discovered in several western states and spreading; none in Michigan • Concerned that the virus that causes ASF will • Enhance biosecurity of rabbitries make its way to the United States • Do not acquire rabbits from RHDV2 areas • Isolate newly acquired rabbits for at least 30 days • Kills over 90 percent of infected pigs within • Clean and disinfect items/surfaces regularly 9-10 days after exposure • Avoid contact between wild and domestic rabbits • Do not feed outdoor forages that could be contaminated • Focus on using good (enhanced) biosecurity • Wash hands before and after handling rabbits • Control flies and rodents that could spread the disease

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How Do Diseases Spread? How Do Diseases Spread?

Diseases are caused by pathogens, which can be: Direct Transmission: The transfer of disease from one animal to another • Bacteria (tuberculosis, Salmonella, E. Coli) and is the most common method of disease transmission. • Viruses (infectious laryngotracheitis, parvovirus, avian influenza, swine influenza, African swine fever)

• Internal and external parasite vectors (ticks, intestinal parasites, mange mites)

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How Do Diseases Spread? Looking for Signs of Disease

Indirect Transmission: • Different animals will The transfer of disease from have different signs one animal to another by an of illness object or materials. • Know the normal body temperature— see species charts

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Helping to Prevent Disease How to Perform Health Checks

• Don’t offload animals that • Minimize stress appear ill- will need two people • Do not change diet • Hold the animals in the trailer to see if signs persist and wait for a • Keep them cool veterinarian—keep cool and • Practice trailering hydrated!! • Have a place to isolate already off-loaded animals that appear to be ill • End of the barn, outside pen, etc. • Keep cool and hydrated • Animals may just be experiencing stress (especially on a hot day)

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When a Sick Animal is Discovered

1. Isolate ill animals 2. Contact your veterinarian 3. Use different equipment, and change clothes and boots 4. If a reportable disease is suspected, contact MDARD immediately BIOSECURITY 5. Follow your response plan for animal diseases

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Biosecurity Tools and Equipment

• During your event, make sure your supplies are kept separate and not Biosecurity is a set of used with multiple families, or practices that helps to reduce clean and disinfect between the chances of a disease being families carried onto your farm (or fair) by people, animals, • Clean/disinfect equipment before equipment, or vehicles. and after the fair

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Basic Biosecurity Supplies How to Clean…

 Water  Waste disposal (garbage bag or container) 1. Move your animals to a separate area so  Bucket/Boot Pan you can do a thorough cleaning.  Coveralls  Brush 2. Remove all old litter, manure, and other  Boots debris.  Paper towels  Disinfectable clipboard  Hand sanitizer 3. “Dry” clean all areas—brush, scrape, and shovel off manure, feathers, and other   Disinfectant Disinfectable pen/pencil materials. Disinfectant will not work on top of manure and caked-on dirt. Gloves-disposable

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How to Clean… How to Clean…

4. “Wet” clean all surfaces—scrub 8. Leave the enclosure empty until it is with water and detergent. completely dry. Using fans and/or opening doors and windows will help 5. Work from top to bottom and back to the drying process. front for a pen, and towards a drain.

6. Rinse all surfaces carefully with water. 9. When you are done, clean and disinfect your boots, wash your hands 7. Apply a disinfectant according thoroughly with soap and water, and to the directions on the label for wash the clothes you were wearing. dilution and contact time.

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Biosecurity in Disease Prevention Disinfectants

• If you get on a trailer or are weighing in the animals, Common disinfectants: follow good biosecurity • Tek Trol • Foot covers, boots, nitrile gloves, hand sanitizer, etc. Dispose of disposable items appropriately—use plastic garbage bag, etc. • Virkon-S • Sanitize scales, sorting boards, and chutes • Disinfect as needed • Bleach (such as Clorox) at a rate of 1:32, which is • Suggest 4 oz. of bleach to ½ cup (4 oz.) to one gallon of water. Can add dish one gallon of water or laundry soap to mixture. Do not add ammonia to bleach/water mixture. • Or, use other disinfectant per label directions • Poultry: Disinfect your coop with a phenolic disinfectant (like Pine-Sol) solution after the cage is cleaned (follow the label).

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3 Golden Rules when Using Disinfectants

1. ALWAYS remove dirt first

2. NEVER mix disinfectants EXHIBITOR AND PUBLIC SAFETY 3. ALWAYS follow the label

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Keep Exhibitors Safe Keep Public Safe

• Be healthy • Separate areas for • If ill, stay away from barn food and animals

• No food or drinks in barns • Hand hygiene/don’t touch face, mouth, nose, etc. • Minimize contact with animals • Keep barns clean

• Frequent hand washing • Minimize public contact with animals

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Handwashing Stations

Remember to have plenty of handwashing stations

• Helps protect the public after touching the animals or animal pens

• Helps protect the exhibitors as well Resources

• Helps protect the animals from exposure

• Now in PA 466 as a requirement

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Questions?

Questions?

@MIDeptofAgriculture

@MichDeptofAg

Michigan Department of Agriculture & Rural Development

@MichiganAgriculture

Jarold M. Goodrich, DVM Michigan Department Fair and Exhibition Program Manager of Agriculture & Rural [email protected] Development 517-284-5677 (office) 517-243-2935 (cell) 51 52

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