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The Mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands

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The Mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NUMBER 27 The Mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands Harold Robinson SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1975 ABSTRACT Robinson, Harold. The Mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands. Smithsonian Con. tributions to Botany, number 27, 88 pages, 1975.-Keys and descriptions are presented for the mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands. A total of 129 species are recognized in 73 genera and 32 families. Thirty-three of the species (about 95 percent) are endemic. Four new combinations are provided: Amphidium tor- tuosum, Calyptrochaeta grandiretis, C. leptoloma, and Diplostichum jamesonii. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESSNUMBER 5367. SERIESCOVER DMK;N: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Robinson, Harold Ernest, 1932- The mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands. (Smithsonian contributions to botanv.I, no. 27) Sup. of Doc. no.: SI 1.29:27. 1. Mosses-Chile-Tuan Fernandez (Islands). I. Title. 11. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian conkibutions to botany, no. ‘27. QK1 .S2747 no. 27 [QK542.4.C5] 581’.08s [588’.2‘09832] 75-619009 Contents Page Introduction ................................................................ 1 Key to Genera .................................................................. 2 Andreaeaceae ..................................................................... 7 Andreaea ..................................................................... 7 Polytrichaceae .......................................................... 7 Oligotrichum ................................................................. 7 Notoligotrichum ......................................... 8 Polytrichadelphus ............................................................... 9 Dendroligotrichum ............................................................. 9 Fissidentaceae .................................................................... 10 Fissidens ...................................................................... 10 Di trichaceae ..................................................................... 13 Pleuridium ..................................... .......................... 13 Ditrichum ..................................................................... 13 Ceratodon .................................................................... 14 Grimmiaceae .................................................................... 15 Grimmia .................................................................. 15 Rhacomitriurn ................................................................. 15 Ptychomitrium ................................................................. 18 Dicranaceae ....................................................................... 19 Dicranella .................................................................... 19 Oncophorus .................................................................. 19 Amphidium .................................................................... 20 Rhabdoweisia ............................. ............................. 20 Dicranoloma .................................................................. 21 Chorisodontium ............................................................... 24 Campylopus .......................................... ..................... 24 Dicnemonaceae ..................................................................... 28 Eucamptodon .................... .......................................... 28 Pottiaceae ......................................................................... 28 TYeisia ........... ......................................................... 28 Gymnostomum ................................................................ 29 Trichostomum .................. ........................................... 29 Bryoerythrophyllum ....................................................... 30 Leptodontium ............................................................ 31 Tortula ........................................................................ 32 Funariaceae ........................................................................ 33 Funaria ....................................................................... 33 Bryaceae ........................................................................... 33 Orthodontium ......... ....*........................................ 33 a .................................................................. 34 ............................................................ 34 .................. ............................. 36 Leptostomum ................................................................... 36 ................................................. 36 Diplostichum ............................................ ................. 36 Rhizogoniaceae .... ............................................. .. 37 Rhizogonium ................................... ............................ 37 .4 ulacomniaceae ........... ................................................. 38 Leptotheca ........................................ ................ 38 ... 111 iv SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY Page .......................t........,........... 39 Anacolia . , . , . , . , , . , 39 39 Philonotis . , . , , . ........... ...................... 41 ...................... 43 ..... ....................... .................. 44 ....... ......................... 44 46 Macrocoma , , . , . ...... ............................................ 47 Macromitrium . , . , . , , , . , , , , . , , .............. 47 Hedwigiaceae . ............... ..I... ................... 49 ....... .................. 49 50 .......................................... 50 50 Lepyrodon . , . 50 Me teoriaceae . , . , . , , , , . , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , . , , , , , . 52 Weymouthia . , . .................... 52 Papillaria . , , , , , , , , . 52 Neckeraceae . , . , . , . , , . , . ,............. 53 ........ ................................................. 53 53 54 ............. 54 ,.................. 55 .......................... 58 58 ................................... 58 58 58 59 60 ..... ...... 60 61 ......................... 61 62 ............ 62 63 Rigodium . , . ............ ................................... 64 Arnblystegiaceae . , . , . , , . , , . , . , . , . , . 67 ...................................................... 67 67 Acrocladium .................................................. .... ... 68 Plagiotheciaceae . , . , . , . ............ 68 68 69 69 Distichophy llum , , , . , . , , . , , . , , . , , . , . , . , , . , . 70 Calyptrochaeta . , . , . , , , , . , . , . 71 Achrophy Hum .... ..... ... 72 Schimpero bryum . , . , , . , , , . , . , , . , . , . I . 74 Ptychomniaceae , . , . , , , , , , , , . , , . , . , . , . 75 Ptychomnion . , , , , . , , , , . , . , , , . , . , . 75 Matophyllaceae , . , . , . , , . , . , . , . , . , , . 77 ...... 77 ............................................................. 80 Hyplurn ................................................ 80 Isopterygium . ................................. .............. 80 Literature Cited . , , . , . 82 The Mosses of Juan Fernandez Islands Harold Robinson Introduction concluded that 150 species occurred on the island, with 46 of the species (about 30 percent) endemic. The Juan Fernandez Islands comprise one of the A number of factors have contributed to the remote island groups of the Southeastern Pacific present revision of the moss flora of Juan Fernan- that are under the administration of Chile. The dez. Foremost are the collections obtained during islands are located near 34O S latitude and 80° W the 1965 expedition sponsored by the National longitude, about 400-500 miles off the west coast Science Foundation, with participants Raymond of South America. Juan Fernandez consists of three Hatcher (H), John Engel (E), Henry Imshaug (I), islands: Mas a Tierra, to the east, with about 36 and Frederick Meyer (M). Further collections by square miles and elevations to 3000 feet; the small Mr. Kunkel have also been obtained for identifica- island of Santa Clara, off the southwest tip of Mas tion through the'kindness of Dr. Schultz-Motel and a Tierra; and Mas Afuera, about 100 miles to the the Botanisches Museum at Berlin-Dahlem (B). west, with 33 square miles and elevations to 5415 At the conclusion of the study a very large loan of feet. Mas a Tierra is the island on which Alexander the original Skottsberg collections was obtained Selkirk was stranded for many years. The islands through the kindness of Dr. Elsa Nyholm and others have a moist, temperate climate and rough terrain at the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum of Stockholm with some areas rather inaccessible. The flora is (S), and a few types were available from the Labora- known to contain many interesting and endemic toire de Cryptogamie, Museum National d'Histoire plants, including one endemic family of higher Naturelle (PC), through the kindness of Mme. plants. Allorge and Mme. Jovet-Ast. Some duplicates of the The present study is the third major effort on Skottsberg collections distributed by Brotherus the moss flora of Juan Fernandez. The two pre- have been available in the U. S. National Herba- vious studies, by Brotherus (1924) and Bartram rium. Many changes brought to light in the pro- (1957), were based primarily on the collections of duction of the Index Muscorum (Wijk et al., 1959- Carl and Inga
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