DOCSLIB.ORG

Counter-Memorial of Singapore

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Counter-Memorial of Singapore COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF SINGAPORE CHAPTER I — INTRODUCTION..........................................................................1 Section I. Overview of the Parties’ Pleaded Cases.........................................1 A. THE BASIS OF MALAYSIA’S CLAIM.........................................1 B. SINGAPORE’S CASE.................................................................4 C. MIDDLE ROCKS AND SOUTH LEDGE .......................................8 Section II. Structure of this Counter-Memorial...............................................9 CHAPTER II — GEOGRAPHICAL SETTING AND NOMENCLATURE..........................................................................................11 Section I. The Geographical Location of Pedra Branca...............................11 Section II. Malaysia’s Usage of the Term “Pulau Batu Puteh”.....................12 Section III. Malaysia’s Usage of the Term “Sultanate of Johor”....................14 CHAPTER III — HISTORICAL SETTING ........................................................17 Section I. Notions of Sovereignty in Early Malay Polities ..........................18 Section II. The Johor-Riau-Lingga Sultanate – An Unstable and Indeterminate Sultanate................................................................24 Section III. The Important Distinction Between Pre-1824 and Post-1824 Johor............................................................................27 A. IMPACT OF THE ANGLO-DUTCH TREATY ON THE JOHOR-RIAU-LINGGA SULTANATE .......................................28 1. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty Did Not Prescribe any Demarcation Line in the Singapore Strait .....................29 2. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty Did Not Place Pedra Branca in the British Sphere..........................................31 3. Donation by Sultan Abdul Rahman of Mainland Territories in Peninsular Malaya to Sultan Hussein ..........................................................................34 B. THE DOMAIN OF THE STATE OF JOHOR .................................35 1. The Temenggong’s Domains.........................................36 2. The 1855 Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between Sultan Ali and Temenggong Daing Ibrahim...........................................................................37 Section IV. The Question of Applicable Law .................................................38 Section V. Conclusions..................................................................................39 – Page i – COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF SINGAPORE CHAPTER IV — PEDRA BRANCA WAS NEVER PART OF JOHOR.............................................................................41 Section I. Malaysia has Failed to Explain the Legal Basis of Her Alleged Title to Pedra Branca......................................................42 Section II. Malaysia’s Historical Materials Do Not Support Her Case..............................................................................................46 A. MALAYSIA’S REFERENCES TO HISTORICAL WRITINGS .........46 B. DUTCH COMMUNICATIONS OF 1655 AND 1662.....................47 C. CRAWFURD’S LETTER OF 10 JANUARY 1824 AND PRESGRAVE’S REPORT OF 5 DECEMBER 1828.......................48 D. THE ORD AWARD OF 1868 AND THE REPORT OF THE JOHOR BOUNDARY COMMISSION OF 1898 ............................54 E. THE SULTAN OF JOHOR’S LETTER OF 20 MARCH 1886.........56 F. THE 1843 SINGAPORE FREE PRESS ARTICLE.........................59 G. THE STATE OF PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE IN MID-19TH CENTURY SINGAPORE ...........................................................60 H. THE TEMENGGONG HAD NO AUTHORITY ON OR IN THE VICINITY OF PEDRA BRANCA ........................................62 1. Suppression of Piracy by the Temenggong ...................63 2. Temenggong’s Visit to Pedra Branca on 2 June 1850 ...............................................................................65 3. Alleged Activities of Orang Laut ..................................65 4. Church’s Letter of 7 November 1850............................67 5. Evidence that the Temenggong Lacked Authority in the Vicinity of Pedra Branca.....................68 Section III. Conclusions..................................................................................71 CHAPTER V — RECAPITULATION OF THE BASIS OF TITLE TO PEDRA BRANCA: THE TAKING OF LAWFUL POSSESSION BY AGENTS OF THE BRITISH CROWN ...................................................73 Section I. Introduction..................................................................................73 Section II. The Basis of Claim.......................................................................73 Section III. The Question of the Permission of Johor and the Decision of the British Government on Pedra Branca as the Location of the Lighthouse ................................................82 Section IV. The Rejection of Butterworth’s Proposal and the Sequel, 1845-1847 .......................................................................92 Section V. The Contention of the Malaysian Memorial that the Letters of Permission Extended to Pedra Branca.........................95 ii COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF SINGAPORE CHAPTER V (continued) Section VI. Rebuttal by Singapore of Various Ancillary Contentions in Chapter 6 of the Malaysian Memorial...............109 A. PLANS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A LIGHTHOUSE AT THE ENTRANCE OF THE STRAIT OF SINGAPORE ..............109 B. THE VISIT OF THE TEMENGGONG TO PEDRA BRANCA ON 2 JUNE 1850 ..................................................................113 C. MALAYSIAN CLAIMS THAT THE INAUGURATION OF THE LIGHTHOUSE DID NOT INVOLVE A CESSION OR CLAIM OF SOVEREIGNTY ....................................................115 D. MALAYSIA CONTENDS THAT THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE HORSBURGH LIGHTHOUSE DID NOT CONSTITUTE AN ACQUISITION OF SOVEREIGNTY.....................................120 Section VII. Conclusions................................................................................125 CHAPTER VI — THE PARTIES' CONDUCT CONFIRMS SINGAPORE'S TITLE TO PEDRA BRANCA ..........................................129 Section I. Introduction – The Applicable Principles ..................................129 Section II. — The Constitutional Developments and Official Descriptions of Singapore and Malaysia Lend No Support to Malaysia's Case ........................................................133 A. MALAYSIA'S CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS DO NOT POINT TO THE EXISTENCE OF MALAYSIAN SOVEREIGNTY OVER PEDRA BRANCA .................................134 B. SINGAPORE'S CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS..................................................................137 1. The Straits Settlements and Johore Territorial Waters Agreement, 1927 .............................................137 2. Establishment of the Colony of Singapore, 27 March 1946..................................................................140 3. The Curfew Order of 1948 ..........................................142 4. Establishment of the State of Singapore, 1 August 1958.................................................................144 Section III. Singapore’s Conduct Confirms Singapore's Title to Pedra Branca ..............................................................................151 A. SINGAPORE'S LIGHT DUES LEGISLATION ............................151 B. J.A.L. PAVITT'S COMMENTS REGARDING PEDRA BRANCA..............................................................................154 C. PULAU PISANG AND PEDRA BRANCA WERE SUBJECT TO DIFFERENT LEGAL REGIMES..........................................156 iii COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF SINGAPORE CHAPTER VI (continued) D. THE INDONESIA-SINGAPORE TERRITORIAL SEA AGREEMENT 1973 ..............................................................159 E. CONCLUSIONS AS TO SINGAPORE'S CONDUCT.....................161 Section IV. Malaysia's Conduct Does Not Evidence Malaysia's Title to Pedra Branca..................................................................163 A. MALAYSIAN NAVAL CHARTS OF 1968................................165 B. THE 1968 PETROLEUM AGREEMENT WITH THE CONTINENTAL OIL COMPANY OF MALAYSIA .....................167 C. THE DELIMITATION OF MALAYSIA'S TERRITORIAL SEA IN THE AREA AROUND PEDRA BRANCA.......................171 D. THE INDONESIA-MALAYSIA CONTINENTAL SHELF AGREEMENT OF 1969..........................................................172 Section V. Bilateral Conduct of the Parties Invoked by Malaysia Has No Bearing on Title on Pedra Branca.................................174 A. THE STRAITS SETTLEMENTS AND JOHOR TERRITORIAL WATERS AGREEMENT OF 1927.....................174 B. THE STRAITS LIGHTS SYSTEM ............................................176 Section VI. Conclusions................................................................................180 CHAPTER VII — THE 1953 CORRESPONDENCE CONFIRMS SINGAPORE’S TITLE..................................................................................181 Section I. Introduction................................................................................181 Section II. The Singapore Colonial Secretary’s Letter of 12 June 1953 is Not “Evidence of Singapore’s Recognition of Johor’s Original Title” to Pedra Branca.....................................184 A. THE IRRELEVANCE OF THE TREATIES OF 1824 AND OF THE 1927 AGREEMENT .......................................................187 B. THE REFERENCE TO PULAU PISANG AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MANAGEMENT OF A LIGHTHOUSE AND THE ISSUE OF SOVEREIGNTY ..................191 Section III. The Internal Singapore Correspondence Confirms Singapore’s Ownership of the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Representation of Pluralism in Literary History from Riau Island, Indonesia
    Athens Journal of Philology - Volume 6, Issue 2 – Pages 83-104 Representation of Pluralism in Literary History from Riau Island, Indonesia By Mu᾽jizah One kind of the genre in literature is literary history, often called historiography traditional. In 17th--19th century this type of work was commonly found in the Riau Island manuscripts, especially in Pulau Penyengat. This area in ancient times became a scriptorium of Malay manuscripts. Several authors and scribes’ works, such as Raja Haji, Raja Ali Haji, Raja Ibrahim, and Salamah Binti Ambar and a descendant of Encik Ismail bin Datuk Karkun, were found in the region. Their works among others are Tuhafat An-Nafis, Silsilah Melayu, dan Bugis, and Hikayat Negeri Johor. In Indonesia, the manuscripts are kept in the National Library of Indonesia in Jakarta and Indrasakti Foundation in Riau Island. Some manuscripts among others were found in the Leiden University Library and KITLV Library in Netherlands. The historiography is useful to explore the source of historical knowledge, especially in search for understanding the process in the formation of Malay ethnic group with plural identities in Indonesia. The aim is to find representation of pluralism in the past Malay literary history which has contributed and strengthened nationalism. In the study we use qualititative research and descriptive methods of analysis. The research has found that the Malay ethnic group in Indonesia derived from various ethnic groups that integrated and became a nation with pluralities. According to the myth, the Malay ethnic group came from the unity between the upper-world or the angelic world and the under-world depicted as the marriage between Putri Junjung Buih and a human being.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Notes on the Malayan Law of Negligence
    Cleveland State Law Review Volume 9 Issue 3 Psychiatry and Law (A Symposium) Article 10 1960 Some Notes on the Malayan Law of Negligence A. E. S. Tay J. H. M. Heah Follow this and additional works at: https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/clevstlrev Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the Torts Commons How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! Recommended Citation A. E. S. Tay & J. H. M. Heah, Some Notes on the Malayan Law of Negligence, 9 Clev.-Marshall L. Rev. 490 (1960) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at EngagedScholarship@CSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cleveland State Law Review by an authorized editor of EngagedScholarship@CSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Some Notes on the Malayan Law of Negligence A. E. S. Tay* and J. H. M. Heah** T HE TERM "MALAYA" COVERS what are now two distinct political units: the fully independent Federation of Malaya and the semi-independent State of Singapore, which have emerged from a tangle of British settlements and colonies and British-protected Malay states. The State of Singapore has sprung from the Crown Colony of Singapore, which between 1826 and 1946 formed part of the larger Crown Colony of the Straits Settle- ments. The two remaining Straits settlements-Penang (includ- ing Province Wellesley) and Malacca-together with nine Malay states' have become the Federation of Malaya. Although Penang and Malacca, as British territories, have a very different legal history from that of the Malay states, their welding together into a political unit has been followed by legislation giving statu- tory foundation for the application of the English common law throughout the Federation; the historical differences, then, have lost their practical point.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Phytochemical and Antimycobacterial Investigation of Some Selected Medicinal Plants of Endau Rompin, Johor, Malaysia
    Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018) p. 30-37 Preliminary Phytochemical and Antimycobacterial Investigation of Some Selected Medicinal Plants of Endau Rompin, Johor, Malaysia Shuaibu Babaji Sanusi*, Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar, Maryati Mohamed and Siti Fatimah Sabran Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Educational Hub, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia. Received 30 September 2017; accepted 27 February 2018; available online 1 August 2018 DOI: https://10.30880/jst.2018.10.02.005 Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB), the primary cause of morbidity and mortality globally is a great public health challenge especially in developing countries of Africa and Asia. Existing TB treatment involves multiple therapies and requires long duration leading to poor patient compliance. The local people of Kampung Peta, Endau Rompin claimed that local preparations of some plants are used in a TB symptoms treatment. Hence, there is need to validate the claim scientifically. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the in vitro anti-mycobacterial properties and to screen the phytochemicals present in the extracts qualitatively. The medicinal plants were extracted using decoction and successive maceration. The disc diffusion assay was used to evaluate the anti-mycobacterial activity, and the extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening using standard chemical tests. The findings revealed that at 100 mg/ml concentration, the methanol extract of Nepenthes ampularia displayed largest inhibition zone (DIZ=18.67 ± 0.58), followed by ethyl acetate extract of N. ampularia (17.67 ± 1.15) and ethyl acetate extract of Musa gracilis (17.00 ± 1.00). The phytochemical investigation of these extracts showed the existence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and steroids.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 Political Development and Demographic Features
    Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/36062 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Xiaodong Xu Title: Genesis of a growth triangle in Southeast Asia : a study of economic connections between Singapore, Johor and the Riau Islands, 1870s – 1970s Issue Date: 2015-11-04 Chapter 2 Political Development and Demographic Features A unique feature distinguishing this region from other places in the world is the dynamic socio-political relationship between different ethnic groups rooted in colonial times. Since then, both conflict and compromise have occurred among the Europeans, Malays and Chinese, as well as other regional minorities, resulting in two regional dichotomies: (1) socially, the indigenous (Malays) vs. the outsiders (Europeans, Chinese, etc.); (2) politically, the rulers (Europeans and Malay nobles) vs. those ruled (Malays, Chinese). These features have a direct impact on economic development. A retrospective survey of regional political development and demographic features are therefore needed to provide a context for the later analysis of economic development. 1. Political development The formation of Singapore, Johor and the Riau Islands was far from a sudden event, but a long process starting with the decline of the Johor-Riau Sultanate in the late eighteenth century. In order to reveal the coherency of regional political transformations, the point of departure of this political survey begins much earlier than the researched period here. Political Development and Demographic Features 23 The beginning of Western penetration (pre-1824) Apart from their geographical proximity, Singapore, Johor and the Riau Islands had also formed a natural and inseparable part of various early unified kingdoms in Southeast Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • And Bugis) in the Riau Islands
    ISSN 0219-3213 2018 no. 12 Trends in Southeast Asia LIVING ON THE EDGE: BEING MALAY (AND BUGIS) IN THE RIAU ISLANDS ANDREW M. CARRUTHERS TRS12/18s ISBN 978-981-4818-61-2 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg 9 789814 818612 Trends in Southeast Asia 18-J04027 01 Trends_2018-12.indd 1 19/6/18 8:05 AM The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Nalanda-Sriwijaya Centre (NSC) and the Singapore APEC Study Centre. ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 18-J04027 01 Trends_2018-12.indd 2 19/6/18 8:05 AM 2018 no. 12 Trends in Southeast Asia LIVING ON THE EDGE: BEING MALAY (AND BUGIS) IN THE RIAU ISLANDS ANDREW M. CARRUTHERS 18-J04027 01 Trends_2018-12.indd 3 19/6/18 8:05 AM Published by: ISEAS Publishing 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 [email protected] http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg © 2018 ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • POST BID SALE No. 22 Bids Close: Monday 21 September 2009
    Robin Linke PB #22Cover.qxd:74541 R.Linke Book No21 17/8/09 3:26 PM Page 1 Robin Linke POST BID SALE No. 22 Bids Close: Monday 21 September 2009 Lot 1398 181 JERSEY STREET WEMBLEY 6014 WESTERN AUSTRALIA TELEPHONE: (08) 9387 5327 FAX:(08) 9387-1646 INTERNATIONAL: +61-8-9387-5327 FAX: +61-8-9387-1646 EMAIL: [email protected] Australasian 2009/10 Price List 50th Edition AUSTRALIA Page YVERT, MICHEL, SCOTT AND STANLEY GIBBONS CATALOGUE NUMBERS. PRICES IN AUSTRALIAN DOLLARS KANGAROOS 1-2 KGV HEADS 2-5 PRE-DECIMALS 5-7 DECIMALS 8-17 YEAR ALBUMS 18 BOOKLETS 8, 20, 21 OFFICIALS 8 FRAMAS 22 POSTAGE DUES 22-23 COIL PAIRS 7 SPECIMEN OPTS 2, 17 FIRST DAY COVERS 6-17 MAXIMUM CARDS 10-17 STATIONERY 25-29 COMPLETE COLLECTIONS 24, 43 WESTERN AUSTRALIA 30-32 ANTARCTIC 33 CHRISTMAS ISLAND 33-34 COCOS ISLANDS. 34-36 NAURU 43 NORFOLK ISLAND. 35-37 N.W.P.I. 38 NEW GUINEA 38 PAPUA 38-40 PAPUA NEW GUINEA 40-42 NEW ZEALAND 44-49 ROSS DEPENDENCY 49 Robin Linke 181 JERSEY STREET WEMBLEY 6014 WESTERN AUSTRALIA TELEPHONE: (08) 9387-5327 FAX: (08) 9387-1646 INTERNATIONAL: +618 9387-5327 FAX: +618 9387-1646 EMAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: http://www.robinlinke.com.au AVAILABLE ON REQUEST 2009/10 � ROBIN LINKE POST BID NO. 22 181 JERSEY STREET PHONE: 08-9387-5327 INT: +61-8-9387-5327 50th Edition WEMBLEY 6014 FAX: 08-9387-1646 INT: +61-8-9387-1646 WESTERN AUSTRALIA E-MAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: http:www.robinlinke.com.au Please purchase the lots below at the lowest possible price in accordance with your Conditions of Sale Name: Date Address: Postcode Signed Phone No.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Two Marine Organisms
    THE SINGAPORE BLUE PLAN 2018 EDITORS ZEEHAN JAAFAR DANWEI HUANG JANI THUAIBAH ISA TANZIL YAN XIANG OW NICHOLAS YAP PUBLISHED BY THE SINGAPORE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY OCTOBER 2018 THE SINGAPORE BLUE PLAN 2018 PUBLISHER THE SINGAPORE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY C/O NSSE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION 1 NANYANG WALK SINGAPORE 637616 CONTACT: [email protected] ISBN: 978-981-11-9018-6 COPYRIGHT © TEXT THE SINGAPORE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY COPYRIGHT © PHOTOGRAPHS AND FIGURES BY ORINGAL CONTRIBUTORS AS CREDITED DATE OF PUBLICATION: OCTOBER 2018 EDITED BY: Z. JAAFAR, D. HUANG, J.T.I. TANZIL, Y.X. OW, AND N. YAP COVER DESIGN BY: ABIGAYLE NG THE SINGAPORE BLUE PLAN 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editorial team owes a deep gratitude to all contributors of The Singapore Blue Plan 2018 who have tirelessly volunteered their expertise and effort into this document. We are fortunate to receive the guidance and mentorship of Professor Leo Tan, Professor Chou Loke Ming, Professor Peter Ng, and Mr Francis Lim throughout the planning and preparation stages of The Blue Plan 2018. We are indebted to Dr. Serena Teo, Ms Ria Tan and Dr Neo Mei Lin who have made edits that improved the earlier drafts of this document. We are grateful to contributors of photographs: Heng Pei Yan, the Comprehensive Marine Biodiversity Survey photography team, Ria Tan, Sudhanshi Jain, Randolph Quek, Theresa Su, Oh Ren Min, Neo Mei Lin, Abraham Matthew, Rene Ong, van Heurn FC, Lim Swee Cheng, Tran Anh Duc, and Zarina Zainul. We thank The Singapore Institute of Biology for publishing and printing the The Singapore Blue Plan 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Buku Daftar Senarai Nama Jurunikah Kawasan-Kawasan Jurunikah Daerah Johor Bahru Untuk Tempoh 3 Tahun (1 Januari 2016 – 31 Disember 2018)
    BUKU DAFTAR SENARAI NAMA JURUNIKAH KAWASAN-KAWASAN JURUNIKAH DAERAH JOHOR BAHRU UNTUK TEMPOH 3 TAHUN (1 JANUARI 2016 – 31 DISEMBER 2018) NAMA JURUNIKAH BI NO KAD PENGENALAN MUKIM KAWASAN L NO TELEFON 1 UST. HAJI MUSA BIN MUDA (710601-01-5539) 019-7545224 BANDAR -Pejabat Kadi Daerah Johor Bahru (ZON 1) 2 UST. FAKHRURAZI BIN YUSOF (791019-01-5805) 013-7270419 3 DATO’ HAJI MAHAT BIN BANDAR -Kg. Tarom -Tmn. Bkt. Saujana MD SAID (ZON 2) -Kg. Bahru -Tmn. Imigresen (360322-01-5539) -Kg. Nong Chik -Tmn. Bakti 07-2240567 -Kg. Mahmodiah -Pangsapuri Sri Murni 019-7254548 -Kg. Mohd Amin -Jln. Petri -Kg. Ngee Heng -Jln. Abd Rahman Andak -Tmn. Nong Chik -Jln. Serama -Tmn. Kolam Air -Menara Tabung Haji -Kolam Air -Dewan Jubli Intan -Jln. Straits View -Jln. Air Molek 4 UST. MOHD SHUKRI BIN BANDAR -Kg. Kurnia -Tmn. Melodies BACHOK (ZON 3) -Kg. Wadi Hana -Tmn. Kebun Teh (780825-01-5275) -Tmn. Perbadanan Islam -Tmn. Century 012-7601408 -Tmn. Suria 5 UST. AYUB BIN YUSOF BANDAR -Kg. Melayu Majidee -Flat Stulang (771228-01-6697) (ZON 4) -Kg. Stulang Baru 017-7286801 1 NAMA JURUNIKAH BI NO KAD PENGENALAN MUKIM KAWASAN L NO TELEFON 6 UST. MOHAMAD BANDAR - Kg. Dato’ Onn Jaafar -Kondo Datin Halimah IZUDDIN BIN HASSAN (ZON 5) - Kg. Aman -Flat Serantau Baru (760601-14-5339) - Kg. Sri Paya -Rumah Pangsa Larkin 013-3352230 - Kg. Kastam -Tmn. Larkin Perdana - Kg. Larkin Jaya -Tmn. Dato’ Onn - Kg. Ungku Mohsin 7 UST. HAJI ABU BAKAR BANDAR -Bandar Baru Uda -Polis Marin BIN WATAK (ZON 6) -Tmn. Skudai Kanan -Kg.
    [Show full text]
  • Building ASEAN Community: Political–Security and Socio-Cultural Reflections
    ASEAN@50 Volume 4 Building ASEAN Community: Political–Security and Socio-cultural Reflections Edited by Aileen Baviera and Larry Maramis Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia © Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia, 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means electronic or mechanical without prior written notice to and permission from ERIA. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia, its Governing Board, Academic Advisory Council, or the institutions and governments they represent. The findings, interpretations, conclusions, and views expressed in their respective chapters are entirely those of the author/s and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia, its Governing Board, Academic Advisory Council, or the institutions and governments they represent. Any error in content or citation in the respective chapters is the sole responsibility of the author/s. Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted with proper acknowledgement. Cover Art by Artmosphere Design. Book Design by Alvin Tubio. National Library of Indonesia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data ISBN: 978-602-8660-98-3 Department of Foreign Affairs Kagawaran ng Ugnayang Panlabas Foreword I congratulate the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), the Permanent Mission of the Philippines to ASEAN and the Philippine ASEAN National Secretariat for publishing this 5-volume publication on perspectives on the making, substance, significance and future of ASEAN.
    [Show full text]
  • Tareqat Alawiyah As an Islamic Ritual Within Hadhrami's Arab in Johor
    Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 14 (12): 1708-1715, 2013 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.14.12.3564 Tareqat Alawiyah as an Islamic Ritual Within Hadhrami’s Arab in Johor Nurulwahidah Fauzi, Tarek Ladjal, Tatiana A. Denisova, Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor and Aizan Ali Mat Zin Department of Islamic History and Civilization, Academy of Islamic Studies, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia INTRODUCTION Abdul Majid was furthermore a descendant of Sayid Idrus and was appointed as the Prime Minister of the Sultanate The state of Johor Darul Takzim is deemed to be one of Johor Lama from 1688-1697 [5]. Other official data of the most unique states in Malaysia. The uniqueness of regarding the population of Arab communities; especially the state is reflected in its historical roots where the state with regards to the Hadrami Arabs cannot be accurately was ruled across two different eras of the Sultanate. In the determined as Johor was under the control of the first era first era, the state was controlled under the Sultanate of of Sultanate with exception to a few historical chronicles Johor-Riau (1511-1685) which is also known as Johor as mentioned above. The reason for this is mainly Lama [1-3] where the administrative centre was located at because during such a time Johor was still passing Tanjung Batu. The second era shows the birth of the through a demanding stage requiring it to defend its Modern Johor Sultanate known as Johor Baru from 1686 freedom from threats stemming from the Portuguese and until today.
    [Show full text]
  • SRIVIJA YA and the MALAY PENINSULA 1. Srivijaya, About
    CHAPTER NINE SRIVIJA YA AND THE MALAY PENINSULA FROM THE END OF THE 7m TO THE 8TH CENTURY We must prepare ourselves for the likeli­ hood that Srivijaya, though not entirely a myth, will prove to have been quite different from the way we have imagined it. (Bronson 1979: 405). A. SRIVIJAYA: MYTH OR REALITY? (DOC. 30) 1. Srivijaya, about which we have said little up till now, is the vague supposed thalassocracy that owes its deliverance from the oblivion to which it had sunk to a celebrated study by G. Credes ( 1918), then at the start of his career, in which he took another look at some theories formulated before him by S. Beal (1883/86). Taking the measure of a 'kingdom' of Srivijaya mentioned in the Kota Kapur inscription (Island of Bangka; end of the seventh century),1 he linked it with another place with the identical name that figures in an inscription discovered much farther to the north, on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula, known at the time as the Wiang Sa, later as the Ligor, inscription, when in fact, as we will later explain, it originated in Chaiya. Could these have been "one and the same country?" he asked at the time (Credes 1918: 3); if this were the case, "the exis­ tence of a kingdom that had left tangible traces in two places as far removed from each other as Bangka and Vieng Sa and bearing a name that had hitherto been unknown" was a new fact of sufficient importance to justify additional research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Proposed Endau‑Rompin National Park: the Mass Media and the Evolution of a Controversy
    This document is downloaded from DR‑NTU (https://dr.ntu.edu.sg) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. The proposed Endau‑Rompin national park: the mass media and the evolution of a controversy Leong, Yueh Kwong. 1989 Leong, Y. K. (1989). The proposed Endau‑Rompin national park: the mass media and the evolution of a controversy. In AMIC‑NCDC‑BHU Seminar on Media and the Environment : Varanasi, Feb 26‑Mar 1, 1989. Singapore: Asian Mass Communication Research and Information Centre. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/86416 Downloaded on 26 Sep 2021 06:58:55 SGT ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library The Proposed Endau-Rompin National Park: The Mass Media And The Evolution Of A Controversy By Leong Yueh Kwong Paper No.8 ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library THE PROPOSED ENDAU-ROMPIN NATIONAL PARK THE MASS MEDIA AND THE EVOLUTION OF A CONTROVERSY Introduction The proposed Endau-Rompin National Park and the controversy surrounding it is now regarded as a landmark in the conservation efforts in Malaysia. The controversy began in 1977 when a state government gave out logging licenses for part of a proposed national park. There was intense public opposition to the logging. The opposition to the logging took on the form of a national campaign with almost daily coverage in the mass media for over 6 months until logging was stopped. There was a lull in'public attention and interest in the proposed national park between 1978 to the middle of 1985.
    [Show full text]