Network Cable: Networking Cables Are Used to Connect One Network
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Network cable: Networking Cables are used to connect one network device to other or to connect two or more computers to share printers, scanners etc. Different types of network cables like Coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, Twisted Pair cables are used depending on the network's topology, protocol and size. The devices can be separated by a few meters (e.g. via Ethernet) or nearly unlimited distances (e.g. via the interconnections of the Internet). While wireless may be the wave of the future, most computer networks today still utilize cables to transfer signals from one point to another. Network card: A network card is a an adapter card, pc card, express card module, USB network adapter ,or flash card that enables a computer or device that not have networking capability to access a network. The network card coordinates the transmission and receipt of data, instruction , and information to and from the computer or devices containing the network card. Network cards are available in a variety of style. A network card for a desktop computer is an adapter card that has a port to which a cable connects. A network card for mobile computers and devices is in the form of a pc card ,express card module, USB network adapter, or a flash card. Network cards that provide wireless data transmission also are available. This type of card, sometimes called a wireless network card ,often has an antenna. A network card follow the guidelines of a particular network communication standard, such as Ethernet or token ring. An Ethernet card is the most common type of network card. Hub: A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets. A passive hub serves simply as a conduit for the data, enabling it to go from one device (or segment) to another. So-called intelligent hubs include additional features that enables an administrator to monitor the traffic passing through the hub and to configure each port in the hub. Intelligent hubs are also called manageable hubs. A third type of hub, called a switching hub, actually reads the destination address of each packet and then forwards the packet to the correct port Switch: A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network segments. The term commonly refers to a Network bridge that processes and routes data at the Data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Switches that additionally process data at the Network layer (layer 3 and above) are often referred to as Layer 3 switches or Multilayer switches. The term network switch does not generally encompass unintelligent or passive network devices such as hubs and repeaters. Network bridge: A network bridge connects multiple network segments at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, and the term Layer 2 switch is very often used interchangeably with bridge. Bridges are similar to repeaters or network hubs, devices that connect network segments at the physical layer; however, with bridging, traffic from one network is managed rather than simply rebroadcast to adjacent network segments. In Ethernet networks, the term "bridge" formally means a device that behaves according to the IEEE 802.1D standard²the popular term "switch" originated in marketing literature.[citation needed] Bridges tend to be more complex than hubs or repeaters. Bridges can analyze incoming data packets to determine if the bridge is able to send the given packet to another segment of the network. Modem: A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over, for example, telephone or cable lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. A modem convertsbetween these two forms. Fortunately, there is one standard interface for connecting external modems to computers called RS-232.Consequently, any external modem can be attached to any computer that has an RS-232 port, which almost allpersonal computers have. There are also modems that come as an expansion board that you can insert into a vacant expansion slot. These are sometimes called onboard or internal modems. While the modem interfaces are standardized, a number of different protocols for formatting data to be transmitted over telephone lines exist. Some, like CCITT V.34, are official standards, while others have been developed by private companies. Most modems have built-in support for the more common protocols -- at slow data transmission speeds at least, most modems can communicate with each other. At high transmission speeds, however, the protocols are less standardized. Server: A server is a computer system who primary purpose (or even sole purpose) is to host files and/or applications and provide access to them on a network. Server can share resources with various clients. Servers are often depended upon to provide services which are crucial to an organization. Therefore server-specific hardware is available which is engineered to be as robust as possible. It is not always necessary to build a server with this level of reliability, and so some servers are built using desktop parts. These machines can still be referred to as a server as the term refers to the systems primary purpose rather than its construction. The counterpart to a server is a "client." Any computer which is accessing the server is said to be that servers client. Many servers are designed to handle very large numbers of clients, these servers must be very powerful and must have a very fast connection to their network in order to be able to do this reliably. The word "server" can also refer to a specific application, one which "serves" data or services to other applications. In this case, it is possible for the server and the client to both reside on the same system. Printer: Printer are the most commonly used output devices that provides the user with a permanent visual record of the output data in human readable form known as hard copy.They can print on plain paper or on specially prepared forms such as invoices,labels,bills,checks and other special purpose forms used in business.THeir are several types of printers designed for wide range of aplication. A computer printer is a computer peripheral device that produces a hard copy (permanent human-readable text and/or graphics, usually on paper) from data stored in a computer connected to it A printer is used to print anything that you want, like pictures or documents or data. Printers are awesome devices that plug in where there is a USB slot, from there you can click print and the document is sent to the port where you document is printed onto a piece of paper. You can print images, documents, cards, etc. In computing, a printer is a peripheral which produces a hard copy (permanent human-readable text and/or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper or transparencies. Many printers are primarily used as local peripherals, and are attached by a printer cable or, in most newer printers, a USB cable to a computer which serves as a document source. Some printers, commonly known as network printers, have built-in network interfaces (typically wireless or Ethernet), and can serve as a hardcopy device for any user on the network. Individual printers are often designed to support both local and network connected users at the same time. .