Sue Granon and Tony Hillerman 74 and Senator Bob Kerrey on How in Our MM Interview the Masters of the Mystery Compare Notes on to Fix the System

j, Volume 38 Number 4 JUly-August 1995 atun

Book excerpt Health MM Report Taking up where Passages left off, He doesn't take prostate surgery Politicians bet the farm that GAILSHEEHY'Snew book 4'" lying down. Well, actually, he 64 gambling can work in society's30 explores later-life transitions. L, does. By BEN MASSELINK favor. By MOLLYGLENTZER

Departments Dear reader 6 Essay Love in the anernoon 38 Must it lose its many splendors as you age? Not if you put your heart Contributors 7 into it. By ROGERROSENBLATT Letters 8 Highlights 12 In Pictures Code Red 48 Health extra 19 In an all-too-busy Houston emergency room, Dr. James "Red" Duke Health .24 spans the divide between life and death. PHOTOSBYROBBKENDRICK, Money 26 TEXTBYKEN WIBECAN You asked .28 You and 1 84 Money Finance at your fingertips 54 Retirement-planning computer software can help you see the future Puzzle 92 you'd like to have. By RICHJAROSLOVSKY Travel Relatively seeking 58 A genealogical expedition turns up cringing seafood and gold-plated AARP focus: President Eugene angels, but a severe shortage of cousins. By AL MARTINEZ Lehrmann on how a 1930s child- hood proved the need for ensured Food Going with the grain 68 economic security. Former Social Get back to basics-and back to taste and nutrition-with hearty, Security chief Robert Ball on the wholesome, traditional grains. By LILLIANKAYTE untold success story. Historian Alan Brinkley on the first 60 Cover story years. Representative Bill Archer Sue Granon and Tony Hillerman 74 and Senator Bob Kerrey on how In our MM Interview the masters of the mystery compare notes on to fix the system. John Rother howtheydunit. INTERVIEWBYSUSANGOODMAN states AARP's position.

COVER PHOTO, DAVID STRICK/MAKEUP AND HAIR BY AUGUST S£HVEN fOR A l.A MODEILA r;r------.=",....---- ...... = ...... ------MM INTERVIEW...

By SUSAN GOODMAN SUEG FT4

y 9 A.M. Sue Grafton has finished her three-mile run Modern Maturity: How did each of you start writing mysteries? and is sitting in front of her computer. Tony Hillerman Tony Hillerman: I wasn't going to be B is shuffling the cards for his first game of solitaire. a mystery writer. I wanted to be an When cursed with writer's block Hillerman drives to the nearby "author." But I thought, A mystery is short; I'll see if I can go the distance Navajo reservation, seeking solace and inspiration in the New Mex- with one, then write War and Peace. ico landscape. "I'm a city girl," Grafton proclaims. "Nature seems Sue Grafton: I was screenwriting in hostile. You go out there and things are eating other things." Hollywood and not happy doing business in that town. They told me I Both took circuitous routes to their lives of fictional crime. knew how to do characters but not Grafton spent time as a medical secretary, mainstream novelist and plot. In mystery novels, plot is screenwriter before heroine Kinsey Millhone's paramount. I thought, I'm going to write a mystery and make you eat first caper. Hillerman, creator of Navajo cops ARE YOU READING your words. And I did just that. Joe Leaphorn and Jim Chee, worked as a MM: Wasn't there another element of newspaper reporter and journalism professor, A WHODUNIT? IT'S revenge in that first book? although he swears his hardest writing job was Grafton: I was going through a his first-an advertising gig where he had to NO MYSTERY WHO divorce and this person-I always refer to him as "this person"- put me come up with three radio spots daily for Puri- LIKELY WROTE IT: through three custody battles. In those na Pig Chow. days I wasn't as ballsy and didn't We asked writer Susan Goodman to talk CHECK OUT THESE know how to fight. So I used to lie in bed just thinking how much nicer it about writing and mysteries with these two would be if he were a dead person masters of the genre. Goodman reports: "What USUAL SUSPECTS instead of a live one. a pleasure when celebrity doesn't translate into I should have remembered all the ways I came up with to kill him attitude. Hillerman graciously offered to host the interview at his because I would have had plots for 15 home in Albuquerque, and Grafton just as graciously agreed to fly books. But I finally came up with one in from Santa Barbara, California. They both worked to make the involving poison, and I thought, Putting this in a book is like being a discussion easy and fun. Coffee and cake were served along with hit man-I can kill him off and good-natured clowning during the obligatory photo session. get money for it. That was the basis for "A" Is Alibi. "With the Sandia Mountains-s-often Hillerman's inspiration- for Now I always tell people, as the backdrop, we finally sat down, let the tape recorder run and "Don't cross me. I know how sipped chardonnay, which, as any Kinsey Millhone fan knows, is to get even with you." the most consistent thing on her menu besides peanut-butter-and- MM: Does it bother either of pickle sandwiches." you that many people label TONY HILLE 74 MM July-August 1995 FTON 'A WRITER IS LIKE BAG LADY COLLECTING STUFF' rnysterie Ics cr "genre fiction"? turned out better than the plot. all the little domestic scenes where Hillerman: When you sign a book, A writer i like a bag lady going they cook up these gourmet treats and they apologize, "I don't normally read through life with a sack and point- have witty repartee. Not cool. mysteries." Have you heard that a ed tick collecting stuff. Hillerman: Right now I'm studying thousand time, ue? Grafton: It's the little remark, the odd a videotape of a Navajo wedding. If • Grafton: As if it's orne secret thing you're barely paying attention Jim Chee keeps carrying on with shame. I have to admit it bothers me to. Once I was doing research at a Janet Pete, she'll probably want a tra- when somebody asks, "When are you coroner's office and they mentioned ditional wedding. I don't know if I gonna write a real book?" they often have bodies around for want to be stuck with all this either. Hillerman: You'll get over that. years. I thought, A corpse-what an When you get as old as .1am, you're interesting place to hide something- MM: It doesn't appear that Kinsey glad to write any book. and used that in "C" Is/or Corpse. will ever get married. Hillerman: It's serendipity. Some Grafton: No, I can assure you. You're MM: Twisting plots seems to be the years ago I was at Mass and up comes in the middle of telling a gripping tale hardest part of mystery writing, yet a guy taking the collection-elderly, and have to stop and take care of all I've read neither of you plans them thin, distinguished, a Don Quixote- the other business. If you don't, your out beforehand. looking fellow. Later, in TalkingGod, readers start getting cranky. Hillerman: Common sense tells you I'm describing a body lying beside to outline a plot. But Ijust can't do it. some railroad tracks and find myself MM: Are they vocal about it? Anyway, all sorts of things occur that describing this usher. Now I'm stuck Hillerman: One woman frankly said, wouldn't if you followed a blueprint. with a certain kind of personality, and "For heaven's sake, don't you think it changes the whole book. The it's time Jim Chee got laid?" I don't 1 MM: Aren't you liable to write your- corpse turns into an exiled South get any of that from my editors. It's self into a corner without a blueprint? American political leader. virtually always from women readers. .1 Grafton: That's when the book gets So many things happen by acci- Grafton: Mine are split. Some say, I I good. When I was writing "E" Is/or dent. In an early book Joe Leaphorn's "Poor thing, can't she have more I Evidence I was on Chapter 23 of 24 on the radio and I'm trying to make sex?" The other half say, "Thank I and didn't have the faintest idea how it seem natural. To fill in conversa- goodness you don't stoop to lowly I the book was going to end. I thought, tion, the dispatcher says, "Emma graphic sex." So you don't know I sure hope this book ends with a asked me to remind you of a dental which way to go. bang and not a whimper. And a little appointment." So now I'm stuck with Hillerman: I do. I don't particularly voice said, "Put a bomb in it. a wife. like to write it and think it intrudes. Grafton." So the book ends with a Grafton: You could delete that line, Let them get it somewhere else. bombing. People who outline don't but you think, That's interesting, Grafton: I get embarrassed. It's have nearly the fun we do. where will it go? Kinsey has the same nobody's business what Kinsey does Hillerman: I was trying to outline problem with love interests. What do in bed. She closes the curtains. The Dark Wind. I needed this stupid you do with the guy at the end of the cop out in an isolated place to book? He can get killed, but I hate to MM: I can only think of two sex observe something, but there was no invent a good character just to dispose scenes in your books. reason for him to be there. When I'm of him. If not, he has to leave her or Grafton: My point exactly. But when stuck, my wife, Marie, always says. she has to leave him. But why would I finally get around to it, they're nasty, "Go out on the reservation." That's he? Or she? So unless you can think aren't they? where I u ually think through prob- of some way to get him offstage, it's lems. While I was there, somebody better not to start. MM: What other things do readers vandalized a windmill. Suddenly my write to you about? • cop was out there trying to catch the MM: Why do you have to get rid of Grafton: A lot of readers go through guys who vandalized it. That subplot him at all? the books with flea combs. I don't Grafton: I don't want to write Nick mind when I've made a genuine error, Susan Goodman interviewed Julia and ora Charle . I don't want to do but I object to this "gotcha" mentality. Child and Paul Prudhomme in our the Kinsey and George Detective Hillerman: They sure are eager to December 1993-January 1994 issue. Agency. Otherwise you're stuck with tell us a certain weapon we mentioned

76 MM July-August 1995 doesn't have a safety. Or that creosote bushes don't grow at this altitude.

M.M: Do their remarks ever help? Hillerman: RIght around the time I quit using Joe Leaphom and went to 8 Jim Chee, I was signing a woman's ~ book and she said, "Why did you ~ change the name of your detective?" I ~ answered, "It's a different character." ~ She said she couldn't tell them apart. ~ s >z MM: Ouch.' HiUerman: Dagger through the heart. Clockwise from below: Grafton and her I couldn't get that out of my mind. So older sister see their father off to war in I put both of them in the next book 1943. Hillerman is anything but laughing more or less because of what that as he receives the Silver Star-while woman said. And it worked. secretly AWOL(he'd slipped away from the hospital for the ceremony). Hillerman MM: Since we're talking "how to," poses between deadlines at United what's your writing routine like? Press in 1952. Grafton: My life is very orderly. Usually I get up at 5:37 or 5:47 and run three miles. Then [ read the Metro section to see what that day's absurd homicides are. I go to my desk at 9:00 and work until about II :30, break for lunch and go back to work until about 3:30. Then I exercise again, because you sit all day long. Writing is hard physical labor and very stress-producing. You have to have some way to blow your tubes and get it out of your system. My husband, Steve, and I eat at 6:00 and I'm asleep at 7:30. We are not fash- ionable people. Hillerman: I get up fairly late, at 7:30. As one of my friends says, I always get up at the crack of 10:00. Then I drink a cup of coffee and read the paper. Marie and I have breakfast and I spend about 30 minutes getting ready for the day. By that time I'm tired. So I come in and playa game of solitaire. A couple of games of that and [ go into the office and look at the unanswered mail and decide I'll work on that. Tum on the computer- maybe, maybe not-depending on

< where I am in the book. Right now ~ I've finally gotten a guy on a plane to ~ Manila and I've got some really hard ~ thinking to do, which I haven't been

MM July-August 1995 inthe mood to do. So I tum it on, go the guy who always took great notes. kill each other? Why can't we be back over the stuff I've written, I'm always in the book. happy? I'm looking for answers, try- maybe take out an adverb or some- ing to figure it out. thing,then go for a walk. MM: Do you write many drafts Hillerman: I'm a Roman Catholic Grafton: I do that every day of my before you're done? and believe what Christ taught us is life.I do anything to avoid the work. Hillerman: Each day I read through the answer. But the Navajos, Kiowas Hillerman: It's the hardest damn con- my current chapter to get to where I and Pueblos have also found the centration. I've been an automobile left off. Since it's genetically impos- answer. Not just lip service, it's the mechanic, a truck driver, a farmer. sible to do that without making way they live. I don't have any license Nothing I've ever done is as hard as changes, the first half of each chapter to preach but I think more people trying to figure out a relationship becomes quite refined. should know about them. I'm as polit- between an old Chinese guy and a Grafton: I tend to write one draft too, ical as I can be while not imposing on Durango newspaperman. reworking it endlessly. While I'm lay- my readers. They're not buying me ing out my first chapter, I keep revis- for that. MM: Do you set quotas on how ing it. When I move on to chapter muchwriting you do every day? two, I'm still reworking chapter one. MM: Speaking about things you feel Hillerman: I just write until the brain So by the time I've finished the entire you can and can't do, I found a list by quitsoperating. But you're writing all book, I've gone over everything with S. S. Van Dine, Twenty Rules for thetune, I'm writing when I'm eating double-zero sandpaper. Detective Stories. Van Dine's third breakfast, when my wife is telling me rule is "There must be no love inter- something, when I'm driving-I'm MM: Do you ever insert themes in est." His ninth is "There must be but running red lights and people are your work? one detective," honking at me. I developed a great Grafton: Mostly I'm interested in Grafton: Another of his rules says reputation in committee meetings- why we do what we do. Why do we there can be just one killer.

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MM: In fact, you once said, ~'Vio- lence destroys the mood I'm trying to build." But isn't violence an inherent part of a murder's fabric? Hillerman: Yeah, but do you want to watch it? Grafton: I agree. I've read books where the violence is so ... Hillerman: Savored, lingered over. Grafton: It invites you to participate as a voyeur, which I don't enjoy. StIll, I like to bring conflict to a physical contest. Perhaps it's because, 10 my life, I never associate with vlOlence and avoid ugly or out-of-control people. So these books allow me to VIcar- "Matisse; who did yours?" iously experience something I have so

80 MM July-August 1995 carefullyremoved from my life. university-idealistic romantics, I don't want an actress's face attached Actually, my books are quite sani- well-intentioned, but-- to her. Every reader has a different tized compared to the newspaper. mental picture of Kinsey and that's as "Here are the funnies, the Metro sec- MM: You don't like Chee? it should be. tion, the homicides." The pointless, Hillerman: I have nothing against Hillerman: If I were your age, I'd impulsive killings that are our meat Chee; he's my brainchild. But let's feel the same way. I'm 70 and hell, I and potatoes. At least if you're mur- say, driving from here to Quebec, I don't care. The books are there, peo- dered in a mystery novel, someone would much rather have Leaphorn in ple will always read them. I'm kind hasput some thought behind it. the car. of curious to see what they do with HiUerman: That's right; it isn't just a Grafton: Kinsey is a stripped-down mine. [Robert Redford has optioned drunkenhit-and-run. version of me. She's who I would've Hillerman s Navajo books. -Ed.} It's Grafton: Also, someone just as been had I not married young and had like you've done a watercolor and a cleveras the killer will pursue heaven children. She'll always be thinner and sculptor takes over, a totally different and earth to see justice is done. In younger and braver, the lucky so-and- form. They make a bad movie, so real life that's not always the case. so. Her biography is different but our what. Anyway, you don't have to go That'swhat ultimately makes myster- sensibilities are identical. see it. iessatisfying - you resolve them. Grafton: I've worked with those peo- MM: Your bios differ in one way: ple. I don't like them. I don't like the MM: You both write from the hero's your stint in Hollywood. Will Kinsey way they play. And I love having perspective.How much do you identi- ever make it to the big screen? something they can't buy. That's true tY with your protagonists? Grafton: Never. I invented Kinsey power in Hollywood because every- Hillerman: Leaphorn is more my Millhone as my ticket out of that thing there is for sale. age. Chee is an amalgam of all those prison. I'm not going to turn around flower children I taught back at the and sell her back to those people. And MM: One thing you don't have Gain Independence with Style on a Beautiful Pride Scooter Enjoy an active and rewarding lifestyle on a beautiful, state-ilf-the-arl Pride Scooter. Run errands, browse the nUlIl or simply enjoy a sparkling day. YOll'lllookgreat on a Pride Scooter roerywhere you go!

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power over is reviews. Do they ever MM: Are you ever wary of fans? uninterrupted life and uninterrupted bother you? Grafton: I used to be in the tele- work because I said no. Before, when Grafton: An agent once spoke about phone book and people would leave I got those requests, I'd be irritated. a client of his, a comedian, by saying: notes under the windshield wiper or Now I get cheerful. "Risking public failure on a regular get their pictures taken with my VW, basis is a debilitating business." Ours "Kinsey Millhone's car." It was all MM: How will you know if it's ever is debilitating; we come up for a job benign but I couldn't help thinking- time to stop writing? review every year. Critics and readers I write about murder. I write about Grafton: Each time I start the next are always there to assure us we twisted people. How do I know some- book, I think, Didn't I prove my haven't measured up. one strange won't come out of the point? Yet when I get to the end I Hlllerman: I don't think you ever get woodwork with some obsessive fan- think, Didn't write the perfect one over it. Either Robert Parker's or tasy about me? So we moved. that time. Better try one more. Elmore Leonard's wife told me she Hillerman: You're trying to get Hillerman: As your books begin to screened all his reviews. He'd get 18 something done and somebody rings sell and your kids grow, you don't great ones and the 19th critic feels your doorbell. have any financial motivation to write he's got to say something bad in the Grafton: They'd call me up, "We're anymore. You're not writing for third paragraph. coming through town from Oklahoma money-what is it, inertia? You're Grafton: To show he's not sucking' and wonder where Rosie's restaurant just in the habit. But you've still got up to us. is." I'd go, "I made it up. That was these stories in your head .... Hillerman: And that's the one critic fiction, folks." you remember. Hillerman: I always thought unlisted MM: If either of you finally does put Grafton: You lie in bed ranting, numbers were the last word in snob- down your pen, how will you end What do you mean the pace was off? bery. But one day I said, "Let's keep your series-kill off your characters? The pace was not off! When "B" Is track of how many calls we get." At Grafton: When you write in the first for Burglar came out, one review 11:30 that morning, the 21st call was person, that's a little tricky. Is Kinsey said, " 'B' is for Boring." I thought I a guy from Weehawken, New Jersey, supposed to say, "Arggh!" and fade would never recover. I figured I who'd read somewhere I had an Isuzu off the page? . would get graded through F~you Trooper. He had an Isuzu Trooper, Hillerman: I see no reason to kill know, " 'C-' is for Corpse." I was so had some business out in Gallup, and these guys. They're never in much happy when I got to G. wanted to know what garage I'd rec- danger anyway. ommend. After I hung up I said, Grafton: Kinsey's in danger from MM: What about the other side of "Marie, call the telephone company." fast food. Nutritionally she walks a the coin - the gratification you get razor's edge. from your work? MM: What about the other con- Hillerman: The Navajo use my straints celebrity has made on your MM: So how does somebody get books in their schools. I was named a time like book tours and speeches? away with murder? "Special Friend" of the Navajo peo- Grafton: I came up with a wonderful Hillerman: First, I would create a ple. And hey, I got to dance with Miss system that cured me. I get requests fairly obvious theory of the crime- Navajo. They also like to make fun of like, "Could you come to Toehold, how it happened and who did it. Once me. 1 taped some of my books, which Montana, and speak to a group of that's established, the cops' emphaSIS have a lot of Navajo words in them. I people for 40 minutes?" First I say will be on proving that theory. They have trouble pronouncing English, no. Then I calculate how much time it tend to overlook the other stuff. much less Navajo. The in-joke on the would have taken me to prepare the Grafton: Then just make sure it had reservation is to mispronounce words speech, travel to Toehold, give the nothing to do with you. the way I do. speech and get back. If I calculate it Hillerman: No, I'd have it lead Grafton: What pleases me most are would have taken three days out of directly to me-but with some huge letters from readers that prove some- my life, I give myself three "day-gift" hole in it. I'd get myself charged and body really is out there. One woman credits, days that now belong to me go to trial. Then I'd bring out the fatal said she and her father never had any- Hillerman- Wonderful! . flaw in their case and be home free. thing to talk about until Kinsey Mill- Grafton: From May till the end of Grafton: We're devious sons-of- hone came along. December I collected 83 day gifts of guns, aren't we? - 82 MM July-August 1995