DOCSLIB.ORG

FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Fisheries and for a world without hunger Aquaculture Department National Aquaculture Legislation Overview China I. Profile V. Miscellaneous a. Basic Legislation VI. References b. Legal Definition a. Legislation c. Guidelines And Codes Of Conduct b. Related Resources d. International Arrangements II. Planning VII. Related Links a. Authorization System b. Access To Land And Water c. EIA III. Operation a. Water And Wastewater b. Fish Movement c. Disease Control d. Drugs e. Feed IV. Food Safety Profile Basic legislation The Fisheries Law (1986, as amended in 2000) seeks to enhance - inter alia - the production, increase, development and reasonable utilization of the nation’s fishery resources. It requires the state to adopt a policy that calls for simultaneous development of aquaculture, fishing and processing, with special emphasis on aquaculture. The Law is implemented by the Regulation for the Implementation of the Fisheries Law (1987). The Bureau of Fisheries, falling under the Ministry of Agriculture, is the main administrative body governing the fisheries and aquaculture sector. The major functions assigned to the Bureau are to formulate plans, strategies, policies and programmes for fisheries development, to guide fisheries economic reform, to implement and monitor fisheries laws, regulations and international/bilateral fisheries agreements, to strengthen fisheries management so as to ensure proper utilization of fisheries and aquatic resources and to protect the fisheries environment, to support fisheries education and scientific research and to administer the fisheries processing industry. The Constitution divides China administratively into provinces, autonomous regions and centrally administered municipalities. Under the province or the autonomous region are autonomous prefectures, counties and cities. The fisheries departments in the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and counties have more or less the same functions as the Bureau of Fisheries in their respective geographical areas. They are under direct leadership of their provincial, autonomous region, municipal and county governments, and guided by the Bureau of Fisheries. Generally, the highest legislative authority in China is the National People's Congress (NPC) and its permanent body, the Standing Committee. The laws passed by the NPC and its Standing Committee are applied nationwide and are mostly general in nature. They are usually supplemented by rules and regulations that deal with more specific matters, issued by the State Council, which is the highest executive organ, and by relevant FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department with more specific matters, issued by the State Council, which is the highest executive organ, and by relevant ministries. In addition, the people's congresses and governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities may exercise legislative power, provided that such local laws and regulations, which proceed from specific conditions in their geographical areas, do not contravene the Constitution or the laws and regulations adopted by the central government. Over the last decades, many local laws and regulations have been adopted that have relevance for aquaculture and aquaculture products. This overview, however, only addresses those laws and regulations adopted by the central government. Legal definition There is no legal definition of aquaculture Guidelines and codes of conduct Numerous guidelines have been issued, at both the national and the provincial level, on various topics, for instance the operation of hatcheries and the use of antibiotics and chemicals in aquaculture. International arrangements China is a member of: World Trade Organization (WTO). Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia and the Pacific (NACA). China is a party to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It has signed the Biosafety Protocol on 8 August 2000 but is not yet a party to the Protocol. China is also a party to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Planning Authorization system According to the Fisheries Law and its implementing Regulation, the people's governments at or above the county level may grant licenses to use state-owned water surfaces and tidal flats to state and collectively-owned units to develop aquaculture. Natural spawning, breeding and feeding grounds of fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish and algae in state owned water surfaces and tidal flats as well as their major migration passages must be protected and cannot be used as aquaculture grounds. Licences can be revoked if water surfaces and tidal flats are neglected for a period of 12 months without a proper reason (this includes the situation in which water surfaces and tidal flats have a stocking quantity below the local standard). Disputes over ownership and rights to the use of water surfaces and tidal flats will be solved through consultation. If no agreement is reached, disputes will be handled by the people's government at or above the county level and, ultimately, by the court. The use of state-owned and collectively owned land is regulated under the Land Administration Law (1998) (see below). In 2000, the Fisheries Law was amended. The State draws plans for the use of water surface areas and defines those areas of water surface and intertidal zone or mudflats for aquaculture purpose. Units or individuals, who wish to use those designated areas, must apply for an aquaculture permit through the competent fisheries administration at or above the county level, and the aquaculture permit will be granted by the people's government at the same level to allow using the area for aquaculture activities. Access to land and water The Land Administration Law, administered by the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, deals with land ownership, use and planning issues. It requires the state to formulate an overall plan for land utilization, classifying land into agricultural land (including aquaculture), construction land and unused land. Although the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Law reaffirms the principle of state/collective ownership of land, it incorporates significant moves towards stronger and more secure individual rights in land used for farming, forestry, livestock and fishery production, in particular where it concerns rights of individual cultivators who make up a collective. The Law provides for peasant contracts of 30 years, thus giving the individual cultivator formal rights over a specific parcel, which can only be altered by the collective management through a specified procedure. The Land Administration Law has been implemented by numerous regulations and measures. The Water Law (1988, as amended in 2002), administered by the Ministry of Water Resources, regulates the development, utilization, saving, protection, allocation and management of water resources. All water resources are owned by the state. The Law requires the state to implement a system of water withdrawal permits and paid use of water resources. In the development and utilization of water resources, domestic water for urban and rural use has first priority, and then other uses should be taken into account. Although the Law does not contain any direct reference to aquaculture, the establishment of water conservation facilities, particularly the establishment, utilization and management of water reservoirs, will play an important part in fishery production, in particular in freshwater aquaculture development. Reportedly, China currently plans to introduce a water rights system to replace the water use permit system. In addition, in view of the increased multiple use conflicts in sea areas the Sea Area Use Management Law (2002) has recently been adopted. The Law, which is administered by the State Oceanic Administration (SOA) falling under the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, requires sea area users to obtain use rights by applying for sea area use permits, and to pay user fees. The Law also provides for the establishment of Marine Functional Zonation Schemes, which define the uses of a given sea area in the order of priority. Sectoral development planning (including aquaculture) as well as coastal land use, urban and port planning should be consistent with the Marine Functional Zonation Schemes. EIA Provisions on EIA requirements can be found in various environmental laws, none of which, however, specifically refer to aquaculture. The main body of China’s environmental legislative framework is the Environmental Protection Law (1989). The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), having ministerial status and falling directly under the State Council, plays the lead role in overall environmental management. According to the Law, the competent departments of environmental protection administration of the people’s governments at or above the county level should make an investigation and assessment of the environmental situation within the areas under their jurisdiction. Environmental impact statements of construction projects – including large-scale aquaculture projects – must assess the pollution that the projects are likely to produce, their impact on the environment and describe preventive and curative measures. The Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (1984, as amended) aims to prevent and control pollution of rivers, lakes, canals irrigation channels, reservoirs and other surface water bodies and groundwater. According to the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Law on Fisheries
    LAW ON FISHERIES (Unofficial Translation supported by ADB/FAO TA Project on Improving the Regulatory and Management Framework for Inland Fisheries ) Distributed by: Fisheries Administration Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries First Printing: 3.000 copies (Khmer-English) Supported by: © Copyrights Unofficial Translation, as of 20 March 2007 CONTENTS Page PREAH REACH KRAM NS/RKM/ 506/011 Chapter 1: General Provisions (article 1-5) .............................. 1 Chapter 2: The Fishery Administration (article 6-7)................. 3 Chapter 3: The Fishery Domains (article 8-13) ........................ 4 Chapter 4: The Sustainability of Fishery Management (article 14-17) ..................................................... 8 Chapter 5: Fishery Protection and Conservation (article 18-25).................................................... 12 Chapter 6: The Management of Mangroves and Inundated Forests (article 26-29) ..................... 18 Chapter 7: The Management of Fishery Exploitation (article 30-38)................................................... 20 Chapter 8 : Inland Fishery Exploitation (article 39-44)...... 24 Chapter 9 : Marine Fishery Exploitation (article 45-52) ..... 27 Chapter 10 : Aquaculture Management (article 53-58) ......... 31 Chapter 11: Fishery Communities (article 59-63) .................. 34 Chapter 12: Transport and Trade of Fishery Products (article 64-69)................................................... 36 Chapter 13: Licensing (article 70-71) ..................................... 39 Chapter 14:
    [Show full text]
  • Matters of Management, Sustainability, and Efficiency: Essays in Fisheries
    Matters of Management, Sustainability, and Efficiency: Essays in Fisheries By Kofi Otumawu-Apreku THESIS Submitted to the University of Adelaide in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics November, 2013 Declaration I certify that this work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution in my name and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. In addition, I certify that no part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of the University of Adelaide and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint-award of this degree. I give consent to this copy of my thesis when deposited in the University Library, being made available for loan and photocopying, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. The author acknowledges that copyright of published works contained within this thesis resides with the copyright holder(s) of those works. I also give permission for the digital version of my thesis to be made available on the web, via the Univer- sity’s digital research repository, the Library catalogue and also through web search engines, unless permission has been granted by the University to restrict access for a period of time. ______________________________ Signature of Author ii Abstract This thesis addresses three main issues in fisheries management: monitoring and enforcement; profit efficiency; and factors determining profit efficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • Establishment and Implementation of a Conservation and Management Regime for High Seas Fisheries, with Focus on the Southeast Pacific and Chile
    ESTABLISHMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT REGIME FOR HIGH SEAS FISHERIES, WITH FOCUS ON THE SOUTHEAST PACIFIC AND CHILE From Global Developments to Regional Challenges M. Cecilia Engler UN - Nippon Foundation Fellow 2006-2007 ii DISCLAIMER The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Chile, the United Nations, the Nippon Foundation of Japan or Dalhousie University. iii iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my profound gratitude to the Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea (DOALOS), Office of Legal Affairs, United Nations, and the Nippon Foundation of Japan for making this extraordinary and rewarding experience possible. I want to extend my deepest gratitude to the Marine and Environmental Law Institute of Dalhousie University, Canada, and the Sir James Dunn Law Library at the same University Law School, for the assistance, support and warm hospitality provided in the first six months of my fellowship. My special gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Aldo Chircop, for all his guidance and especially for encouraging me to broaden my perspective in order to understand the complexity of the area of research. I would also like to extend my appreciation to those persons who, with no interest but that of helping me through this process, provided me with new insights and perspectives: Jay Batongbacal (JSD Candidate, Dalhousie Law School, Dalhousie University), Johanne Fischer (Executive Secretary of NAFO), Robert Fournier (Marine Affairs Programme, Dalhousie University), Michael Shewchuck (DOALOS), André Tahindro (DOALOS), and David VanderZwaag (Dalhousie Law School, Dalhousie University).
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Biodiversity and International Law: Instruments and Institutions That Can Be Used to Conserve Marine Biological Diversity Internationally
    MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: INSTRUMENTS AND INSTITUTIONS THAT CAN BE USED TO CONSERVE MARINE BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY INTERNATIONALLY SUZANNE IUDICELLO* MARGARET LYTLE† I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 124 A. What is Marine Biodiversity? ........................................ 124 B. The Threats to Marine Biodiversity ............................... 126 II. OVEREXPLOITATION ..................................................................... 127 A. International Framework for Fisheries Management .................................................................... 129 1. Early Efforts at Fishery Management ............... 130 2. The 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea ................................................... 131 B. Regional Fishery Organizations and Agreements ........ 134 C. Additional International Agreements Protecting Marine Mammals, Birds and Other Wildlife................. 136 1. Marine Mammal Conventions .......................... 136 2. Protection of Migratory Birds ........................... 138 3. Conservation of Overexploited Wildlife .......... 140 D. Domestic Strategies for Conserving Marine Biodiversity Globally ...................................................... 141 1. Trade and Economic Measures ......................... 141 2. Direct Regulation ............................................... 143 III. ALTERATION OF THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT .......................... 144 A. Coastal Development .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Review and Analysis of International Legal and Policy Instruments Related
    REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL AND POLICY INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO DEEP-SEA FISHERIES AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN AREAS BEYOND NATIONAL JURISDICTION Cover photograph: Unknown fish (possibly Antimora spp.) photographed in waters 1 800–3 000 m, 300 km northeast of St John’s, Canada. Courtesy of Bedford Institute of Oceanography. REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL AND POLICY INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO DEEP-SEA FISHERIES AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN AREAS BEYOND NATIONAL JURISDICTION Dr James Harrison Director of the Scottish Centre for International Law University of Edinburgh Law School Mr Terje Lobach International Legal specialist Prof Elisa Morgera Director of the Strathclyde Centre for Environmental Law and Governance University of Strathclyde Law School with technical inputs by Mr Pio Manoa Development Law Service FAO Legal Office The ABNJ Deep Seas Project Sustainable Fisheries Management and Biodiversity Conservation of Deep-sea Living Marine Resources and Ecosystems in the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) )RRGDQG$JULFXOWXUH2UJDQL]DWLRQRIWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQV 5RPH The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO.
    [Show full text]
  • Congress Strengthens Fisheries
    “According to a Congress Strengthens Fisheries Law recent economic analysis [by E2], the E2’s Fish Economics Report Helps Turn the Tide value of this nation’s Though the silent collapse of our nation’s fisheries had been fishery resources increasingly well documented for years, powerful members of would be nearly three Congress opposed rules to rebuild those depleted fisheries and times its current end overfishing. E2’s Fish Economics Report re-framed the value if Councils debate and led to a legislative victory that will improve dedicated their America’s fisheries. efforts to rebuilding stocks rather than A Bill that’s Good for Fish and Fishermen allowing overfishing In January 2007 the President signed a landmark bill to help to continue.” protect and restore our nation's fisheries. The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act: -Congressman Nick J. Rahall, Chair, House • Requires an end to overfishing Natural Resources • Mandates that science – not politics – dictates how many fish Committee can be caught and calls for a system of accountability to ensure that those limits are not ignored • Strengthens penalties for illegal fishing in international waters • Provides incentives for conservation Situation: A Perilous Strong Opposition to New Decline in Fish Populations Regulations The decline in our fisheries is In early 2006 some members clear. Independent reports from of Congress and regulators the Pew Oceans Commission were pushing to soften and the U.S. Commission on protections for U.S. fisheries. Ocean Policy have documented They wanted to weaken the the pollution, overfishing and requirement to rebuild habitat destruction that are depleted fish populations, pushing our oceans toward a undercut support for marine silent collapse.
    [Show full text]
  • International Law Enforcement Cooperation in the Fisheries Sector: a Guide for Law Enforcement Practitioners
    International Law Enforcement Cooperation in the Fisheries Sector: A Guide for Law Enforcement Practitioners FOREWORD Fisheries around the world have been suffering increasingly from illegal exploitation, which undermines the sustainability of marine living resources and threatens food security, as well as the economic, social and political stability of coastal states. The illegal exploitation of marine living resources includes not only fisheries crime, but also connected crimes to the fisheries sector, such as corruption, money laundering, fraud, human or drug trafficking. These crimes have been identified by INTERPOL and its partners as transnational in nature and involving organized criminal networks. Given the complexity of these crimes and the fact that they occur across the supply chains of several countries, international police cooperation and coordination between countries and agencies is absolutely essential to effectively tackle such illegal activities. As the world’s largest police organization, INTERPOL’s role is to foster international police cooperation and coordination, as well as to ensure that police around the world have access to the tools and services to effectively tackle these transnational crimes. More specifically, INTERPOL’s Environmental Security Programme (ENS) is dedicated to addressing environmental crime, such as fisheries crimes and associated crimes. Its mission is to assist our member countries in the effective enforcement of national, regional and international environmental law and treaties, creating coherent international law enforcement collaboration and enhancing investigative support of environmental crime cases. It is in this context, that ENS – Global Fisheries Enforcement team identified the need to develop a Guide to assist in the understanding of international law enforcement cooperation in the fisheries sector, especially following several transnational fisheries enforcement cases in which INTERPOL was involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Digest 1.2.Qxd
    Volume 1, Number 2 2003 A G R A S E N T L T A S W E A I G N D D P O L I C Y http://www.olemiss.edu/orgs/SGLC Volume 1, Number 2 Sea Grant Law Digest 2003 Page 2 Journals featured in this issue of the LAW AND POLICY DIGEST. For more information, click on the name of the journal. • CANADA-UNITED STATES LAW JOURNAL • COASTAL MANAGEMENT • ENDANGERED SPECIES UPDATE • INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MARINE AND COASTAL LAW • MARINE POLICY • OCEAN AND COASTAL MANAGEMENT • OHIO STATE LAW JOURNAL • STANFORD LAW REVIEW Volume 1, Number 2 Sea Grant Law Digest 2003 Page 3 THE SEA GRANT LAW AND POLICY DIGEST is a bi-annual publication index- ing the law review and other articles in the fields of ocean and coastal law and policy published with- in the previous six months. Its goal is to inform the Sea Grant community of recent research and facil- itate access to those articles. The staff of the Digest can be reached at: the Sea Grant Law Center, Kinard Hall, Wing E - Room 256, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS 38677-1848, phone: (662) 915-7775, or via e-mail at [email protected] . Editor: Stephanie Showalter, J.D., M.S.E.L. Publication Design: Waurene Roberson Research Associates: Tracy Bowles, 2L Joseph Long, 2L Jason Savarese, 2L This work is funded in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant Number NA16RG2258, the Sea Grant Law Center, Mississippi Law Research Institute, and University of Mississippi Law Center.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Fisheries & Coastal Zoning in Curaçao
    Sustainable Fisheries & Coastal Zoning in Curaçao Legal & Institutional Assessment of Authorities & Approaches ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN STITUTE J U L Y 2 0 1 6 Acknowledgments This report was prepared by the Environmental Law Institute (ELI) for the Waitt Institute. The lead authors were Read D. Porter, Kathryn Mengerink, and Bruce Myers, with critical research, drafting, and editorial support provided by Joséphine Woronoff. Additional research and editing support was provided by ELI law clerk Kody Sparks and intern Jose Almario and Waitt Institute’s Tamara Marshall. The authors wish to express their gratitude to the Government of Curaçao, the marine management community, and the Waitt Institute, which provided ELI with the resources and information necessary to complete this assessment. ELI also thanks Hein van Maarschalkerwaart for his translations of key legal documents. ELI is particularly grateful for the thoughtful reviews, invaluable input, and patient guidance provided by Vanessa Bitorina-Eliza, Jeanine Constansia- Kook, Cynthia Devere, Faisal Dilrosun, Gisette Seferina, and Jeffrey Sybesma. The contents of this report, including any errors or omissions, are solely the responsibility of ELI. The authors invite corrections and additions. About ELI Publications ELI publishes Research Reports that present the analysis and conclusions of the policy studies ELI undertakes to improve environmental law and policy. In addition, ELI publishes several journals and reports—including the Environmental Law Reporter, The Environmental Forum, and the National Wetlands Newsletter—and books, which contribute to education of the profession and disseminate diverse points of view and opinions to stimulate a robust and creative exchange of ideas. Those publications, which express opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the Institute, its Board of Directors, or funding organizations, exemplify ELI’s commitment to dialogue with all sectors.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Coast Guard. Protecting America's Fisheries
    .. • I he ocean is a dangerous place for those who make their living in this unpredictable environment. In addition to the harsh working conditions, fishers are now confronted by the real ity that the world's fisheries are in a serious state of decline. The situation is so drastic that foreign governments have used armed force to protect their fisheries from foreign vessels. The fisheries resources of the world were once thought to be limitless. It is now all too obvious that these resources are finite and in jeopardy. To protect these valuable resources, prudent management and enforcement action is necessary. In the future, the United States can anticipate increased foreign fishing vessel incursions into the Exclusive Economic Zone. This :ould have serious economic consequences for the United States. Protecting and preserving our living marine resources has become a matter of national security. The Coast Guard is the only federal agency capable of projecting a U.S. law-enforcement presence throughout the Exclusive Economic Zone and in key areas of the high seas. 2 The United States Coast Guard· Protecting America's Fisheries rotecting the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and key Pareas of the high seas is an important mission for the Coast Guard. The Coast Guard is charged with enforcing all U.S. maritime law, including laws that protect the economic livelihood of those who rely on commercial fisheries. The U.S. fishing industry possesses the ability to virtu­ ally eradicate stocks by over-harvesting. Protection of marine mammals is another key enforce­ ment issue for the Coast Guard.
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries Enforcement Fao Related Legal and Institutional Issues Legislative National, Sub-Regional Or Study Regional Perspectives
    FISHERIES ENFORCEMENT FAO RELATED LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES LEGISLATIVE NATIONAL, SUB-REGIONAL OR STUDY REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES 71 Erik Franckx for the Development Law Service FAO Legal Office Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 2001 FOREWORD A number of international instruments, binding and non-binding, have recently been formulated to address the issues of responsible fishing and sustainable management of fish stocks. At the global level two important instruments have been adopted under the auspices of FAO and the United Nations. They are the Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels (the 1993 FAO Compliance Agreement) and the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 Relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (the 1995 UN Fish Stocks Agreement). This study was written when neither of these Agreements had entered into force. At the time of publication, the Compliance Agreement had not entered into force, however, the UN Fish Stocks Agreement enters into force on 11 December 2001, 30 days after the receipt of the thirtieth instrument of ratification or accession, which was deposited by Malta. Nevertheless, some states have translated the basic provisions of the agreements into their national laws. Several regional fisheries bodies have also begun to implement these agreements in different ways. The present study attempts to identify the approaches taken by national governments and by sub-regional and regional fisheries bodies to contribute towards the implementation of the agreements.
    [Show full text]
  • Credit and Microfinance Needs in Inland Capture Fisheries
    ISSN 0429-9345 500 FAO FISHERIES TECHNICAL PAPER 460 Credit and microfinance Credit and microfinance needs in inland capture fisheries development conservation Asia needs in inland capture fisheries development and conservation in Asia This publication provides orientation, basic considerations and general principles for those institutions and organizations that provide credit and microfinance services to the fisheries sector, particularly the small-scale fisheries sector, and for those who want to include inland fishers and inland capture fisheries as part of their client base and lending operations. The document has three parts. Part 1 contains guidelines for meeting the credit and microfinance needs in inland capture fisheries development and conservation in Asia. Part 2 contains reports of the proceedings and recommendations of two regional workshops held in 2004 and 2006, from which the guidelines evolved. Part 3 of the document consists of case studies and success stories on: the rehabilitation of inland fisheries and on the access to and utilization of credit and microfinance services with reference to the rehabilitation and development of inland fisheries at Lake Taihu and Lake Luoma in China; management challenges in riverine fisheries along River Ganga and prospects of inland fisheries development in West Bengal and Assam in India; livelihoods at Lake Inlay in Southern Shan State in Myanmar; fishery policy reform and aquaculture development in Cambodia; and community-based rehabilitation and management of fishery resources at river Kinabatangan in Sabah, Malaysia. ISBN 978-92-5-105756-8 ISSN 1014-1146 9 7 8 9 2 5 1 0 5 7 5 6 8 F AO TC/M/A1182E/1/06.07/1200 Cover photo: Residents of the villages on the Tonle Sap Great Lake, Cambodia rely on fishing as their primary source of food and income.
    [Show full text]