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(Petagna, 1792) (Thalassinidea, Upogebiidae) from Laboratory-Reared Material

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(Petagna, 1792) (Thalassinidea, Upogebiidae) from Laboratory-Reared Material Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 43: 1 (2003) 83-90 Balaban, PhiladelphiaRehovot 0168-8170/03/$05.008 2003 Balaban Redescription of the larval stages of Upobebiapusilla (Petagna, 1792) (Thalassinidea, Upogebiidae) from laboratory-reared material ANTONMA DOS SANTOS'. and JOSE PAULA* 'Instituto de InvestigapTo das Pescas e do Mar (IPIUAR), Av. de Brasilia, s/n. 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal Tel. +351 (21) 302-7194; Fax +351 (21) 302-5948; email: [email protected] 'IMR-Laboratdrio Maritimo da Guia, Faculdade de Cigncias, Universidade de Lisboa, fitrada do Guincho, 2750-642 Cascais, Portugal Received 21 November 2001; Accepted 9 December 2002 Summary The complete larval development of Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792) was reared under laboratory conditions and the development comprised four zoeal stages and a megalop. The morphological features were described, illustrated and compared with other known larvae of Upogebia. Key words: Larval development, Upogebiapusilla, Upogebiidae, Decapoda, zoeal stages, megalopal stage. Introduction 1919 from plankton and reared material [four zoeal Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792) is a common stages and post-larva]; U. pusilla (originally as U. species on estuaries in Portugal and occurs from the littoralis) by Dolgopolskaia, 1954 and 1969 [four zoeal English Channel to Mauritania and the Canary Islands, stages and post-larva] and U.deltaura and U. pusilla the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Suez Canal (as U. littoralis) by Heegaard, 1963 [first stage zoea]. (d'Udekem d'Acoz, 1999). Besides U.pusilla, the Although these studies gave some indication of general Upogebiidae family has five other species occurring in form, appendage morphology and chromatophore European waters: Gebiacantha talismani (Bouvier), patterns, the descriptions do not meet with modem day Upogebia deltaura (Leach), U. mediterranea Noel, standards. U stellata (Montagu) and U. tipica (Nardo). With regard to U.pirsilla, Dolgopolskaia (1 954) has Upogebiidae larvae are known for a number of described four zoeas and one megalop (as post-larval European species only; Gebia littoralis (either stage) from plankton material caught in the Black Sea Upogebiapusilla or U. tipica according to Williamson, as U. littoralis. This description was re-published in 1967) by Cano, 1861 [three zoeal stages and post- 1969 as U. pusilla syn. U.littoralis (Dolgopolskaia, larva]; Upogebia deltaura and U.stellata by Webb, 1969). Both references present the descriptions of the 'Corresponding author. Proceedings of the Third Crustacean Larval Conference, Melbourne, Australia, July 9-1 3, 2001. 84 A. Dos Santos and J. Paula / IRD 43 (2003) 83-90 appendages but are lacking the accurate number and U. pusilla reaches the megalopal stage after 12-15 position of setal processes. Thus, the morphological days of rearing. features of all zoeal stages and megalop remain incomplete. Description - Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792) The purpose of this study is to complete the (Figs. 1-6) description of the larval stages of U. pusilla based on larvae reared from eggs to megalop in order to facili- Upogebia littoralis (Dolgopolskaia, 1954: 198-209, tate the identification of the different stages and to Figs. 10-14, four zoeal stages and post-larva). distinguish them from other species of the genus Upogebia pusilla (Dolgopolskaia, 1969: Plates Upogebia from plankton samples. XXVIII-XXX, four zoeal stages and post-larva). Zoea I Materials and Methods Dimension: TL = 2.10-2.38 mm; CL = 0.77- 0.87 mm. Several ovigerous females of U. pusilla were col- Carapace (Fig. 1A): longer than broad with a lected with a Yabby pump from their burrows in May, pointed rostra1 spine reaching the tip of antennules; 1989, in the intertidal muddy sand of the mid-Mira eyes fused with the anterior portion of carapace. Estuary, southwestern Portugal. Females were kept Antennule (Fig. 1B): uniramous unsegmented individually in 500 ml bowls, bottoms covered with process with one long plumose seta subterminally and plastic tubes, to simulate the burrow structure and one long thick and four thin aesthetascs, and one seta decrease stress conditions. The water was at a salinity terminally. Endopod absent. of 35 and at room temperature, and females were kept Antenna (Fig. 1C): protopod with one short serrated unfed until hatching. The first stage zoea hatched on 1 , spine near the base of exopod; endopod with three 5 and 9 June. apical plumose setae; tip of exopod pointed, bearing Cultures used 1 1 tanks, with an initial average of nine plumose setae on its inner margin. five larvae per ml, with the same salinity and temp- Mandible (Fig. 1D): incisor process smaller than erature as for females, and were gently aerated. Clean molar process; palp absent. water and newly-hatched Artemia spp. nauplii as food Maxillule (Fig. 1 E): coxal endite with eight setae; were added every second day. The light-dark period basial endite with four stout spines and two setae; was natural. Periodic observation of larvae was made, endopod unsegmented with 2+2+4 setae. and a number of specimens of each larval stage were Maxilla (Fig. 1F): coxal endite bilobed with 8+5 preserved in buffered 4% formaldehyde. setae; basial endite bilobed with 5+4 setae; endopod Drawings and measurements were made with the unsegmented and bilobed with 3+3 distal setae; aid of a camera lucida on a binocular Wild M8. Setal scaphognathite with 10 marginal plumose setae. observations and drawings were made using a Zeiss First maxilliped (Fig. 1 G): coxa with one seta; basis microscope with camera lucida. The preparation of with 9 (2+3+2+2) setae; endopod 5-segmented with 3, slides with appendages was temporary. The long 2+1, 1, 2+1, four setae; exopod 2-segmented, bearing aesthetascs on the antennules and the long plumose four long setae terminally. setae on distal exopod segments are drawn truncated, Second maxilliped (Fig. 1H): coxa without setae; and setal counts refer proximal to distal sequence. basis with 1+1 setae; endopod 4-segmented with 2, 2, Measurements taken were: total length (TL) from tip of 2+1, four setae respectively; exopod 2-segmented7 rostrum and posterior end of telson, and carapace bearing four long setae terminally. length (CL) from tip of rostrum to posterior margin of Third maxilliped (Fig. 1 I): biramous bud. carapace. The spent females and complete larval series Pereiopods (Fig. 1 I): rudimentary buds. have been deposited in the Instituto de InvestigaqFio das Abdomen (Fig. 1A): Six somites without lateral Pescas e do Mar (IPIMAR) in Lisbon, Portugal spine on somites, being the sixth fused with telson; (number Ads 08/1993). anal spine present. Pleopods: absent. Resu Its Uropod: absent. Telson (Fig. 1A): with median cleft and 7+7 Rearing data processes posteriorly; outermost immovable spine, Under laboratory conditions, U.pusilla hatches as second reduced to a very thin seta situated near the zoea; it passes through four zoeal stages to megalopa. base of process 3; processes 3-7 with plumose setae. A. Dos Santos and J. Palula / IRD 43 (2003) 83-90 85 i P- ,,jw Fig. 1. Upogebia pusilla. Zoea 1. A: dorsal view; B: anten- nule; C: antenna; D: mandible; E: maxilule; F: maxilla; G: first maxilliped; H: second maxilliped; I: (from left to Fig. 2. Upogebia pusilla. Zoea 11. A: lateral view; 9: anten- right) third maxilliped and pereiopods. Scale bar: 1 mm (A); nule; C: antenna; D: maxilule; E: first maxilliped; F: second 100 pm (B-1). maxilliped; G:third maxilliped; H: first pereiopod; 1: second pereiopod; J: third to fifth pereiopods; K: telson. Scale bar: 1 mm (A); 500 pm (K) and 100 pm (B-J). Zoea II Dimension: TL = 2.40-2.62 mm; CL = 0.88- Second maxilliped (Fig. 2F): coxa without setae; 0.92 mm. basis with 1+2 setae; endopod 4-segmented with Carapace (Fig. 2A): eyes stalked; otherwise 2,2+1, 3+1, five setae; exopod 2-segmented, bearing unchanged. six long setae terminally. Antennule (Fig. 2B): biramous. Protopod with two Third maxilliped (Fig. 2G): coxa and basis without inner long plumose setae and two outer short setae; two setae; endopod as bud without setae and unsegmented; simple small setae on distal end; endopod bearing one exopod 2-segmented with 6 natatory setae terminally. terminal long plumose seta; exopod with four thick and First pereiopod (Fig. 2H): biramous; endopod as three thin aesthetascs, one thin seta terminally and two bud; exopod 2-segmented, distal one with six plumose small simple setae sub-terminally. setae. Antenna (Fig. 2C): protopod with two serrated Second pereiopod (Fig. 21): birarnous; endopod as spines; endopod with three apical plumose setae; bud; exopod segmented, distal one with five plumose exopod with 10 inner plumose setae. setae. Mandible: unchanged. Third to fifth pereiopods (Fig. 25): pereiopod 3 Maxillule (Fig. 2D): coxal endite with six setae; biramous; pereiopod 4 and 5 uniramous with endopod basial endite with four stout spines and three plumose buds absent and without setae. setae; endopod with 2+2+4 setae. Abdomen (Fig. 2A): unchanged. Maxilla: unchanged. Pleopods (Fig. 2A): rudimentary buds in abdominal First maxilliped (Fig. 2E): unchanged. somites 2-5. 86 A. Dos Santos and J. Paula / IRLI 43 (2003) 83-90 Uropod: absent. Telson (Fig. 2K): with small median process and 8+8 lateral processes posteriorly. Zoea III Dimension: TL = 2.64-2.88 mm; CL = 0.88- 0.98 mm. Carapace (Fig. 3A): larger, otherwise unchanged. Antennule (Fig. 3B): protopod with eight long plumose setae and four outer short and thin setae subterminally and another four on distal end; endopod with two fine subterminal setae; exopod with three large aesthetascs, two long and three very thin setae. Antenna (Fig. 3C): endopod with two thin and simple setae; otherwise unchanged. Mandible: unchanged. Maxillule: unchanged. Maxilla (Fig. 3D): coxal endite with 7-8+5 setae; basial endite with 5+7 setae; scaphognathite with 12 plumose setae; otherwise unchanged.
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